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ALLEN R. WAGNER The initial impression which Allan R. Wagner, Associate Professor of Psychology, presents to his students is one of intense involvement in his profession. Tall and slim, Mr. Wagner is an imposing figure behind the lectern which he uses while teaching a section of the extremely popular Psychology 10a. His wit and warmth enliven an elo- quent delivery which many listeners have described as amazingly comprehensive and lucid. Educated at the State University of Iowa, Mr. Wagner began his undergraduate study in chemistry, but soon, becoming excited with psychology, decided to make it his life's work. He received all of his degrees from Iowa: B.S. in 1956, M.S. in 1958, and Ph.D. in 1959. Since September, 1959, when he came to Yale, he has been a rising young star in our outstanding Department of Psychology. This year, in addition to teaching the introductory course in experimental psychology, Mr. Wagner has served as faculty supervisor to Psychology 91, the senior research seminar for intensive majors. Professor Wagner deals primarily with learning and motivational processes in infra- human organisms. As with most basic research, he says, our concern may seem con- siderably removed from immediate practical problems. On the other hand there has been considerable fruitful application of basic learning principles to practical questions of behavior modification. He cites the recent appearance of programmed textbooks as an illustrative example. Much of his recent research has been concerned with attentional processes in learning. Among the welter of informative cues available in the environment only certain ones come to have any control over an organism's behavior. I hope to identify the regularities according to which organisms may learn to 'attend to' some stimuli and learn not to 'attend to' others. Included in this work is an attempt to isolate the im- portant neurophysiological correlates of such attentional processes. Mr. Wagner has published about thirty pieces in leading psychological journals. His recently-published book, Reward and Punishment, deals with the learning theory. T.C. THOMAS CAIN The road to Yale began for Thomas Cain, Assistant Professor of English, in a one room schoolhouse in rural Ontario, as one of twenty-two pupils ranging in age from seven to sixteen. After study at Victoria College, and the University of Toronto, where he received his B.A. in 1953, he left for Europe with six hundred dollars to tour the continent. In between lots of art and music he found himself in Morocco during a rebellion and was also trapped in the Russian zone of Vienna. Back in Canada, Mr. Cain returned to Toronto for his M.A. It was here that he became interested in Renaissance literature and did his first teaching, a task which he now admits he performed at first, very incompetentlyn. Refusing a Harvard fellowship, he went to the University of Wisconsin to pursue his interest in Renaissance studies. He devoted an entire year to the study of Renaissance Latin, particularly the works of Erasmus and St. Thomas More, examining the use of ancient rhetorical structures of praise poetry in the work of nature and inventive poets like Spenser and Jonson. Mr. Cain came to Yale in 1959, and he claims to have taught every elementary course in English that Yale offers . During the last two years he has been teachinga course in Spenser, his primary interest. He admits to having occasionally stayed up all night preparing his lectures, and the experience, though terrifying has heightened his in- terestin Spenser and given rise to numerous new ideas. A.R.W R. W. B. LEWIS American Studies, like other area studies programs, is designed for undergraduates who prefer to study culture through its many dimensions, rather than limit them- selves to one particular discipline. R. W. B. Lewis, Professor of English and American Studies, is a leading figure in one of the dimensions of American Studies. His inter- ests center on American literature-a fact evidenced by his books of criticism, The American Adam , The Picaresque Saint and a recently acclaimed volume of essays, Trials of the Word. Mr. Lewis is presently completing a critical book on the American poet Hart Crane. Mr. Lewis is at his best teaching 19th century American literature. He remarks that much 19th century American literature is very relevant to present times. He cites Thoreau's outrage at the conditions of the American Negro and at the Mexican War. He also observes that the best of American literature records contemporary themes for later generations to read. Mr. Lewis received his A.B. degree from Harvard University and earned an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. Dur- ing World War II, he served in the Middle East, North Africa, and Italy and was dis- charged with the rank of Major. He has taught at Bennington College, acted as Dean of Studies at the Salzburg Seminar in Aus- tria, lectured at Smith College, and served as resident fellow at Princeton University. His most recent post before coming to Yale in 1959 was Professor of English at Rutgers University. In his first year at Yale, he was visiting Professor of English. His appoint- ment to a full professorship quicklv follow- ed in 1960.

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JOHN M. BLUM Students who have taken History 35 have probably had the oc- casion to visit Mr. John M. Blum in Room 235 of the Hall of Grad- uate Studiesg although he would receive them cordially, rarely is he to be found in l1is office. Yet any Yale student can pick up a copy of the News, and at least once a week Hnd the name of M. Blum printed therein. How can Mr. Blum be so incredibly well-known? This man has gotten himself on so many committees even he cannot re- member them all, nor does he like to. One tries to forget that sort of thing, he says. Yet his activities have ranged from the Board of Directors of The Hotchkiss School to the Advisory Committee on His- tory for the Atomic Energy Commission. Although continually in de- mand by universities all over America, he took time out in 1964 to be Pitt Professor of American History at Cambridge University. A totally different aspect of his life involves membership on the University's Board of Athletic Control: occasionally early risers may see him on the tennis court at 6:30 in the morning. Receiving his B.A. and M.A. degrees from Harvard University, Mr. Blum moved over to M.I.T. where he spent nine enjoyable years teach- ing history. lVhi1e an assistant professor there, he completed his study for the Ph.D. ln 1957 Yale invited him to join its faculty, and now, 111110 years after his appointment Mr. Blum is not o11ly Professor of History, but also Chairman of the department. His specialty is modern American History: his pet project at the moment is the third volume of From the Morgenthal Diaries. ROBERT M. COOK Mr. Robert M. Cook personifies the unexpected. As an Assistant Professor of Sociology, he dresses like a Yale student, yet has served as a defense counselman for Special Court Martials with the United State Marines. The boldly clefted features of his face hinge with an assured confidence in his abilities, but his manner is thoroughly re- laxed, which is all the more amazing if one considers the motorcycle helmet hanging behind his oflice door. After graduating from Rens- selaer with a B.E. in 1956, he married, took up surfing in California and Hawaii, and changed his mind about being an engineer. An avid guitar player, he found that his folk-singing had brought him close to the American people, hence, after leaving the Marines, Mr. Cook de- cided to study sociology at the graduate level. Superior work for his M.A. degree from Princeton gained him a special fellowship for inde- pendent study from the Social Science Research Council. Under the fellowship he spent 1963 studying historical methods with Sigmund Diamond of Columbia University and psychology, political science, and philosophy on his own. In 1964 he received his Ph.D. in sociology. As a result of Diamond's influence, Mr. Cook decided he would use an historical approach in his future teaching posts. Interested in the long term evolution of American society, and spurred on by what Upton Sinclair calls the cry for justice, he traveled to Selma, Alabama, last March. His participation in the pro- test march there has brought him to the conclusion that colleges in general, and Yale in particular, should strive to close the distance be- tween the studies of the classroom and the practical problems of the community. 'I7 E.S.M. J.M.B. EDMUND S. MORGAN The pigeons on the Old Campus don't in- terest me much, but some of the interesting birds I see out at my summer retreat in the White Mountains of New Hampshire do, muttered the short, wiry fellow who bears a striking resem- blance to Governor Bradford of Mayflower fame. 'fHave you spotted any rare species up there? Nooooo, just some beautiful birds. Who would ever have thought that E.S. Morgan, Professor of History, was a bird watcher? Nobody, judging from his prodigious output of literature on the period of American History from 1620 to 1789. Mr. Morgan stands up on the stage in 101 LC and almost moans out his lectures, punctu- ated with long uuuhs and pauses. His delivery is hardly that dreary, for practically every sen- tence he utters causes the class to smile or to roar, a11d the 'fuuuhs are merely pauses to re- capture attention. This world-renowned historian studied under li. Morrison and Perry Miller at Harvard, where he took his B.A. in 1937 and Ph.D. in 19-12. Edmund Morgan has written seven books on American Colonial History, and innumerable non-books , pamphlets, flyers and collections. His most famous is I3iriI1 of the Republic , which is read by practically every college history student. He taught first at Brown for nine years and has been with Yale for the past ten years.

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STAUGHTON LYND Staughton Lynd, Assistant Professor of History, represents a growing but still small number of American professors making a deep commitment to intellectual activism off campus as well as on campus. Professor Ly11d's activities outside Yale have included work with a settlement house on New York's lower East side, living in a conscien- tious objectors colony in Georgia, Director of a summer Freedom School in Mississippi, and participation in last summer's Washington march protesting U. S. involvement in Vietnam. More recently Mr. Lynd travelled to Hanoi, North Vietnam on a personal and un- authorized peace mission. Although he teaches two undergraduate courses, History 40 and a History 85 seminar, and one graduate course, History 205, Mr. Lynd is probably better known to the greater part of the Yale community through the publicity attending his involvement in the pacifist and civil rights activities. Nonetheless, his credentials as a scholar are fully as impressive as his record of action on timely moral issues. A graduate of Harvard in 1951, he later received his masters degree and doctorate from Columbia. His first book Anti-Federalism in Duch- ess County, New York, which arose from his lNI.A. thesis, was fol- lowed last winter by Non-Violence in America: A Documentary His- tory. ln all facets of his intellectual and moral commitments, Mr. Lynd's strong individualism has caused him to remain independent of strong ties with national organizations. His only permanent affiliation to date is with the Society of Friends, which he joined with his wife in 1962, having been attracted to the Quaker faith by his belief in the doctrine of pacifism. No ivory-tower intellectual, he displays in his relationship with students the same directness and sincerity that marked such public episodes as the march on Washington against the Vietnam war and his refusal in early 1965 to pay that portion of his income tax which under- writes military expenditures. Stating briefly his theory of intellectual responsibility, Mr. Lynd says, I believe that scholarship and social action can and should be combined. R.W.B.l. M.D. BH.. MANUEL DURAN As an undergraduate at the University of Mexico, Manuel Duran, Professor of Romance Languages, lived a life full of adventure. He published four volumes of his own lyric poetry, and he is represented today in many Spanish and Mexican anthologies. Mr. Duran also worked as a translator for the United Nations in New York and at various international conferences. Mr. Duran produced his own radio program after climbing mountains. On one expedition of Popocatepetl, Mexico's famous vol- cano, two of his companions were killed in a fall. Mr. Duran himself was lucky to escape with comparatively minor injuries. Thirty years ago he had to make another escape when he was forced to flee Spain due to Franco's hatred of Mr. Duran's family. After Mr. Duran's undergraduate years at the Univer- sity of Mexico, the French government awarded Mr. Duran a fellowship to study at the Sorbonne in Paris from 1949 to 1951, and the already well-known Spanish poet received his doctorate from Princeton in 1953. Mr. Duran next went to Smith College as an assistant professor. He came to Yale in 1959 to have access to the excellent library and to see if the students were as sharp as the girls at Smith. A full professor since 1964, he is currently Director of Undergraduate Studies in Spanish and also a member of the Latin American Studies Conciliurn. .,, rtlzaiti - . 4 Lia