Wisconsin School for the Deaf - Tattler Yearbook (Delavan, WI)

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The Stuarts of Scotland By MARCELLA HAUSER The line of the Stuarts began with Waiter who wa» made Steward of Scotlund by King David I who ruled Scotlund from 1124 to 1153. Mix fninily kept Steward a u surname till Mary queen of Scoilaml chmiKcd the spelling of the nnme to Stuurt. The sixth Stunrt, who was married to Marjory, daughter of Robert Bruce, died leaving u •on who runic to the throne of Scotland as Robert II. Robert II wa succeeded by Robert III after whom came James I. II, 111, IV and V. James IV of Scotlund wax the husband of Margaret, daughter of King Henry VII of Knglund. James VI was the son of Mary, Queen of Scot . During the change in the Stuart rule Oliver Cromwell ruled a lord protector of the Commonwealth, extablixhed In IfiiH, till hi death in 1658. Those who came to the throne of England and Scotland in the Stuart line are: Charles II, his brother James II who ruled only three year. and wa» put out by Parliament; Anne, who was the last Stunrt to rule England; James III, and his on Charle Edward. With the death of Charles Edward and his brother Henry, the line of the Stuarts came to an end. Mary Stuart, the most famous of the Stuurt line, became queen of Scotland when he was only nine months old. When she started to be crowned, she cried hecuusc she was afraid of both nobles and common people. The people said. “That’s bad luck if her reign begins in tear !” Indeed, little Mary had many troubles or conflicts afterwards. Her father James V died before she was u week old. This left her ruler of Scotland. It wui not an easy country to govern because it was divided intj two great parties. Catholic and Protestants, at the time. loiter the ol j King Henry’ VIII wanted her to marry his son Edward, but when the wedding plan were broken otf. Henry sent an army against the little queen. After the Scots had usked the French army to fight against the English, Queen Mary at the age of six was taken to France for her future marriage to Francis, the son of the French king und the dauphin oa the heir to the throne of France. As they crossed the channel to France, there was a dreadful storm that overtook the ship . However, they landed safely, and the first thing they did was to go to Church to give thanks for escaping with their lives from the storm and the hands of the English. When Queen Mary met Francis. they became friends at once, and Francis adored her, because of her beauty and churm that won his heart, and that of all France. At the French Court there were a great many festivals, hallo, picnics, and hunting parties in the parks und palaces. Often the king spent an hour with her because he said she tulked as sensibly as a woman of twenty-five. The time passed till Mary waa sixteen, which w;» then considered a suitable age for marriage. The marriage took place in the richly decorated church in the great cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris. There stood long line of gorgeously dress-eJ ladies and nobles. More beautiful than ever Mary looked as idle walked slowly in her white wedding gown with a long blue velvet train. For days the feasting and rejoicing went on with balls, masquerades and tournaments. Soon after this the French king died and the dauphin became king. Mary was now queen of France a well a Scotland. loiter Francis passed away In-cause of poor health. Two great sorrows eumc to Mary for her mother’ death followed soon her husband’ . At seventeen she wa» an orphan and widow. She dressed in white, the royal mourning of those days. The Scots begged Mary to return and rule over her native land. So she did. but when she arrived she found everything in her country xo changed that it filled her with terror. She wuj very much astonished when a group of Protestant reformers sung psalms under her window os she herself was a very pious Catholic. With skill and patience she took up the work of government. Not long afterward she was nxkcd to marry different nobles, but she finally chose her handsome cousin Darnley, and married him in .pile of Elizabeth of England and the opposition of the Protestants. But there was much turmoil. One night Darnley who wiu with his nobles killed Mary’s private secretary, Rizzio. who was suspected of being Mary’s lover. •Soon after this Mary's eon was born and was named James. In a short time Darnley who was sick was killed in an explosion. Mary wax blamed for being in the plot with Rothwell no »hc wax taken prisoner. Then her baby James, whom the lords forced her to give up, was proclaimed king. After having tried to escape she determined to go to Knglnnd. where she expected that Elizabeth would help her. But when she reached — 13 — NINET EE N THIRTY-8EVEN

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Vocational Graduates JAMES HANSON Rhinelander Phoenix Literary Society, Hoy Scout. Hollister Club, Printing, Ait. Carpentry, Shoe ItepairinK. Football ' 4. t5. Hoy ’ Monitor '37; Base ball. MILTON KRUEGER Recdsbur? Phoenix Litenuy Society, HollUter Club. Hoy Scout. Gardening, Football. Ilnacball. Art, Carpentry. HLAIR TKYGGESTAD Viroquu Phoenix Literary Society. Hollixter Club. Boy Scout Art Cum,.,. Shoe Repairing. Footbull, Hasketbnll, Hasebull. ' I T H E

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there. Elizabeth refused to sec her because she remembered that the English claimed that Mary should be queen of England because they said Elizabeth's father Henry VIII wa not legally married to Elizabeth's mother. All those twenty years she was in many plots, trying to escape. At a trial in an English Coutt she confessed that she made all the plans for her escape, but she denied that she aided any plot against her cousin's life, llut Elizabeth didn't listen to her and signed a warrant for her death. The day before htr execution she aid to her friends, I die firm in my religion, a true Scotchwoman and true to France”. Then she died ver bravely. Thus ended her life when she was twenty-five. The next who came to the throne of Scotland was her son James. latter when Elizabeth died, King James became king of England. Just before he took over the government the English people had become not only Protestant but Puritan. Hr disliked them, lie himself was a queer man although he was well educated and wrote interesting books and articles. Two things James believed in, the divine right of kings and the divine right of bishops. After King James died, then was a great conflict in the English Parliament. The next king was hi son King Charles I hut he was weak. After hi death Oliver Cromwell became l.ord Projector of England. Thu? the line of the Stuart came to an end. By LA JUNE DUKENIIORST Reading the sixth canto of The Lady of the Lake aroused my interest in SUriing Castle, In which tne scenes of the canto are laid. And I should like to have you go with me on an imaginary trip to this great historical forties, on which, for so many years the safety of Scotland depended. Our first glance at the imposing structure which stands high nliove us on a great mass of dark gray rock fills u with awe. The Castle hill of Stirling is at first a gradual slope but end in on abrupt precipice, rising two hundred and twenty feet from the level plain of the Forth. It is a natural stronghold. as are the other castle of Scotland. By it passe.- all the traffic between the Highlands and Lowlands. Through u street of the ancient town near the castle we wend our way up the hill till we come to the lawn which lie before the castle. To enter the structure we must first walk over it picturesque draw bridge and pass through a double gate which was formerly defended by a double ditch, uch as those used in Queen Ann’s time. After crossing the bridge, the earlier entrnnee gateway with its two round towers i? now before us. As we pass through it, we find ourselves in the outer courtyard. On the outside of the palace, which is to our right, is a queer mixture of statues representing dicties, myth , and soldiers; also interesting ones of King James V and his daughter Mary, and of Cleopatra and the asp. To the west Is another courtyard Called the Lion's Den; so nnmed because it i said that James IV used to keep hi lion here. The square guard tower of the palace we are told Is much older than the palace itself. As the palace I now used for military purpose , we are not allowed to enter it. Through an arch we pass into the inner court. The fir t building that we see here is the ancient parliament, of pure Gothic design, built by James III. This spacious hall has been cut up into several rooms for barracks. Another interesting building in the court Is the Chapel Royal, erected by James IV for the baptism of his son. iVince Henry. It i hard to associate the English history of ancient time with this place, for it. too. hu» been sadly mutilated; and part of it i used as an armory. To our surprise we see several modern buildings, which have been put up on the site of the first royal residence, the home of James II However, some of the original wall remain. We are asked by our guide if we should like to sec the Dougin Room, where James II assassinated the Earl of Douglas. Our thoughts immediately turn to Scott's vivid description of this incident in The Lady of the I-ake.” It doesn't take long for u to decide. We wouldn't mi this for anything. Wc linger long, looking over the relics in the room. The guide inform u that the wall have been remodeled because of the fire that wrought much destruction a few years ago. To get a full view of the whole castle. ground let us climb up the battlement to the east of the Dougin garden. This is considered by some the — 1-i — Till . TATTLER