Wisconsin School for the Deaf - Tattler Yearbook (Delavan, WI)

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so rough that in I860 the faculties of Yale and Harvard prohibited foot-ball. At Princeton a more orderly game was played somewhat like the English “association game. In 1861 the fit at inter-collegiate game took place between Princeton and Rutgers nnd in 1871 foot-bull was revived at Harvard with rules which permitted running with the ball us in Rugby. Not long after this, McGill College in Montreal challenged Harvard to a match. On May 15, 1874 these two teams played the first intercollegiate Rugby match in America. The McGill pluycrs were used to English Rugby rules and the Harvard ployers to their own version of them So. on the day before the game, the two teams courteously coached each other in tactics. On the 15th a game was played under Harvard rules, Harvard scoring three time . The next day under the McGill rules, neither side was able to score. This mude Rugby more populur. In 1875 Harvard and Yale played a game under a compromise set of rules which permitted both running with the ball und batting the ball with the hand, but the compromise was unsatisfactory. In 1876 Columbia, Princeton, and Yale abandoned this form of foot-bull in favor of straight Rugby. A code of rules much more complex but permitting a far higher development of team play has gradually taken the place of the original Rugby rules. Every year since li 06, coaches from different colleges nnd universities have met to make rules to emphasize good sportsmanship, to do away with unnecessary roughness, and to give the spectator better opportunity to watch the movement of the ball while in play. Today college, university, and amateur teams play football from the opening of the fall term till about Thanksgiving time, and few games have ever attracted wider attention or been played with greater interest and vigor by the youth of any land.

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THE STORY OF FOOT-BALL By Arthur Szablewtki Foot-ball, next to base-ball, is the moat popular athletic game in the world. It is played principally in the United States and the British Empire. The Indians in North America and ahorignes of the Pacific Islands played a game much like it. The Greeks seem to have taught it to the Romans and the latter, through their soldiers, to the Britons and other races of the North. The game was played at Rome by opposing teams and was handed down to the Italians. A famous foot-ball field was in existence in a square at the end of the Church of Santu Croce, the Westminister Abbey of Florence. There judges, former players of renown, sat in a commanding position three on each side of the field to render decisions. Of the twenty-seven men, fifteen were runners, five interferers, four half backs and three full backs. The ball was kicked over a goal. The names of the Medicis and other noble families appear in the lists of players. In Germany. France and England, the bladder of the hog was used much by children as a foot-bnll after it was dried and inflated. In the British Isles, in the Middle Ages, foot-ball was ployed by whole communities who kicked the ball without clear design through the streets and over the meudows. This game became so rough that it was forbidden by law. In 1314 Edward II issued a proclamation: “For as much as there is great noise in the city caused by hurtling over large balls from which many evils might arise, which God forbid, we forbid such game to be used in the city in the future.” Various monarchs objected to football as it tended to cause archery, of greater military vulue, to be neglected. In 1457 the Scottish King. James III, decreed that “foot- balle and golfe be utterly cryed down and not to be used.” while his successor with equally queer spelling gave orders that “In na place of this realme ther be used futeball, golfe, or other 8ik unprofitable sportes.” James I of England declared foot-ball Meeter for lameing than making able the users thereof.” Never-the-less the game was for centuries u favorite pastime throughout Great Britain. When it ceased to be a pastime for men at festivals and fairs, it was kept alive by school boys. It was not until the nineteenth century that it became an organised game, with fixed numbers on each side and a definite method of keeping score. Weight, physical fitness and endurance are requisites in players, but quick thinking is very necessary. It was at the great English schools like Rugby, Harrow and Elton, that foot-ball was first made practical. The boys’ playground at Rugby was largo and there was plenty of room for running and tackling. At other schools the game was confined to kicking and bunting the ball. Two distinct types of football have developed, namely; Rugby, which permits running with the ball, and soccer or association which prohibits tunning with the ball. Rugby includes English, Canadian and American Rugby, three distinct styles of play. The name, American Rugby, sounds strange to foot-ball players in the United States, but it is the correct name for the game. The early Virginia colonists brought the older English games to America, and soon after 1830, students at several eastern collges began to play them. Ten years luter at Amherst, Brown, Harvard. Trinity, and Yale, there were inerciass games something like the class rushes which some colleges still have. These games became

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THE LIFE OF HELEN KELLER By Ethel Cm Helen Keller was born in Tuscumbia, a small city of northern Alabama, on June 27, 1880. She was the oldest of the children, having one brother and one sister. Helen’s father, an officer in the Confederate army, was descended from Casper Keller, a native of Switzerland, who established himself in Maryland. Another Swiss ancestor was the first teacher of the deaf in Zurich. Her father's mother was a direct descendant of Alexander Spoils wood. Colonial Governor of Virginia. The child's mother, Kate Adams, was descended from Benjamin Adams of Newburg, Massachusetts and was a relative of Edward Everett and Dr. Edward Everett Hale. The Keller home in the South wus called “Ivy Green us English ivy covered it. In the garden there were many beautiful flower ; such us roses, honeysuckle, jessamine and clematis. Roses hung in long festoon from the porch. Helen loved their fragrance. At the age of one und a half, Helen became blind and deaf following n severe illness, congestion of the stomach und brain. Then she lived in silence and darkness for several years. Before her sickness she could talk some ana was a bright child. Afterwards she remembered only a very few words and those she spoke very imperfectly. Her playmates were dolls, one of them called Nancy, she liked very much. She had several pet dogs, her favorite was Belle who was old and lazy. She often tried to teach the aog the signs she used. Sometimes Helen knew that Belle refused to do as she wanted her to. A little colored girl named Martha Washington, a little older than Helen, was ner constant companion. She always seemed to understand what Helen wanted to do and many were their mischievous pranks. One day they went outside and were busy cutting out paper dolls. It happened that Helen cut ofT one of Martha's wooly pigtails, so Martha was angry and seized the scissors and was about to cut off one of Helen’s golden curls. Just then Mrs. Keller uppcured so Martha gave up the idea immediately. Helen often hud terrific outbursts of temper or of affection, and sometimes she acted as if she were insane. One day she found her little sister asleep in her doll’s cradle and she was so ungry that she overturned it as she wanted to put her doll in it. Her sister would have been killed but her mother caught her before she reached the floor. Mrs. Keller rend of a blind and deaf girl named Lauru Bridgeman who had been educated by Dr. Sumuel Gridley Howe of Boston. This made her wonder if he could help her blind child. So, when Helen was six years old, her purents took her to Baltimore to see the great Doctor Chrisholm who had cured several blind people. They were very much disappointed when they found that he could do nothing to help Helen but ho sent them to Washington to see Dr. Alexander Gruham Bell, the inventor of the telephone. He became very much interested in Helen. He had taught many deuf children to speak by means of symbols and he told them about the school for the blind at Boston, the Perkins Institution. He told Major Keller to write there in regard to a private teacher. He did so and Miss Anne Mansfield Sullivan who was partially blind became Helon’s first teacher. When Miss Sullivan came to the Keller home, Helen was stubborn and often unruly so her teacher had to win her confidence in order to secure co-operution from her pupil. After several weeks of hard work this seemed accomplished. The first word Helen learned to spell on her fingers was “doll and it aroused her interest for then she knew that things had names. Miss Sullivan let the water from the pump run over the little hand and spelled the