Westfield High School - Prospectus Yearbook (Westfield, NY)

Text from Pages 1 - 80 of the 1944 volume:

GC 974.702 W526WE 1944 3 833 07469 8405 fl ' a .1 (So ,«L)( The 1944 Porta -Via 1 K 1 THE Class of 1944 Westfield Academy and High School WESTFIELD, N. Y. presents The Historical Issue of the P O R T A - V I A FOREWORD TO FOREWORD The pages of the 1944 Porta-Via have been faithfully devoted to Westfield history. It has been our aim to achieve an historic comparison between the earliest and most recent classes to attend Westfield High School. Just as each of us today is making history, in his own individual manner, as well as conjoined in groups of his contemporary comrades, so did our fathers and their fathers before them record a life, perpetually changing, perpetually progressing, which we of the present and our posterity will use as guide-posts and markers upon the crooked road of human progress. Without generations of experience behind us to light the path ahead, to point out the wrong from the right, we should not have been so far advanced as we are today. It is to the unselfish, stalwart men of a century past, who had the desire and perseverance to bring education to children of the frontier, despite the many hardships of pioneer life, that we owe our right to enjoy the wealth of opportunity which education affords today and to publish this annual in their commemoration. Early History of Chautauqua County Before the land¬ ing of the Pilgrims, the French, m 1615, led by Champlain, had penetrated hun¬ dreds of miles into the wilderness and reached the distant shores of Lake Hur¬ on. The French ex¬ plorer learned there that the country southeast of Lake Erie, where lies Chautauqua Coun¬ ty, was the home of the Eries. Champlain’s interpreter, Ettiene Brule, had traversed the wilderness of Western New York and visited the country of the Eries and Carantouan, their principal village. In 1656, in a fierce war with the Iroquois, the Eries were destroyed and ceased to exist as a nation. Their towns, of which we find numerous remains in our county, were devas¬ tated or went to decay. LaSalle, the most remarkable explorer that ever visited this continent, on his voyage west¬ ward in the “Griffin,” the first vessel to spread its sails to the breezes of Lake Erie, passed in sight of the forest-covered hills of Chautauqua in 1769. Journeying westward from Onondaga County in New York to the headwaters of the Ohio River, LaSalle came within view of Chau¬ tauqua Lake. At that time there must have remained many evidences of the great calamity that had befallen the Eries—abandoned corn¬ fields grown up to briars and saplings, fallen palisades—sites of their longhouses and now and then bones of a murdered Erie. Prior to and at the time of the destruction of the Eries there dwelt around Lake Erie several nations of Indians. The valley of the Mohawk and the country westward in the state of New York was the territory of the Iroquois or Six Nations. Along the northern shore of Lake Erie and extending east of the Niagara River toward the Iroquois was the country of the Neutral nation. North of the Eries and be¬ tween Lake Erie and the dominions of the Iroquois dwelt the Wenrohronons. Among the many evidences that the earth¬ works in Chautauqua County are remains of the conquered Eries is that furnished by an ancient French map of Frankuelin, dated 1684. Upon several old French maps Chautauqua Lake is called Oniassont and the people who inhabited the region, Ontarononas. From the destruction of the Eries until its settlement by pioneers of the Holland Purchase Company, Chautauqua county was the do¬ main of the Senecas, most western of Iroquois nations. Sixty years after the death of LaSalle, France and England were bound in earnest contention respect¬ ing boundary lines between their pos¬ sesions in America. Chautauqua was in¬ cluded in the region claimed by both France and Eng¬ land. As a conse¬ quence of this ir was soon to be near to prominent mili¬ tary operations and in close proximity to important lines 4 of communication and rude military highways leading from distant mili¬ tary posts in this then interminable western wilderness. In 1749 the French sent out from LaChine, Ca¬ nada, Captain Bien¬ ville de Celeron to take formal posses¬ sion of the disputed territory in the name of France and to warn English traders out of the country. The expedition ascended the Niagara River, entered Lake Erie, and coasted along its southern shore. It arrived at Chatakoin portage, now Barcelona, at the mouth of Chautauqua Creek, marked upon Celeron’s map as the river “Aux Pommes” (Apple River). After a difficult journey Celeron and his men arrived at the mouth of the Great Miami. He then ascended the river and re¬ turned to Canada, burying leaden plates at the mouth of the Great Miami, at the famous rock below Erankhn known as “Indian God,” and at the site which is now Warren, Pennsylvania. One of these plates contains the earliest record that we have of the name, Chautauqua. The voyage of Celeron, the building of the Erench road from the site of Erie to that of Waterford, Pennsylvania, and the building of the Portage Road from the site of Barcelona to that of Mayville are important events in the history of Westfield and Chautauqua County. The Portage road was cut by the Erench twenty years before the battle of Lexington. It was the first work performed by civilized hands within the limits of Chautauqua County of which we are cognizant. The Marquis du Quense in the year 1752 dispatched from Montreal an advanced force of two hundred-fifty men under Barbeer for Chautauqua with orders to erect a fort there. They marched to Eort Niagara, then pursued their way by water along the shore of Lake Erie arriving at the mouth of Chautauqua Creek in April of 1753. Where the city of Erie now stands, the Erench built Eort Presque Isle. Eight days before the Erench departed from Presque Isle, Chevalier Le Crake arrived from Canada with orders from DuQuense to erect two forts in Chautauqua, one at Barcelona and the other at the end of the Portage Road on Chautauqua Lake. On October 30, 1753, a force of Frenchmen under Captain Deneman arrived at Barcelona and cut a wagon road over the carrying place from Barcelona to Chautauqua Lake. THE FOUNDING OF WESTFIELD With the scrutinizing eyes of a prospective settler, ambitious young James McMahan visited the region around Westfield early in 1801. Struck by the natural beauty and by the rich, fertile soil of the country, he purchased ten acres of land and thereby instigated the settlement of Westfield. McMahan eagerly set to work clearing his land and building a cabin at the crossing of the trail between Erie and Buffalo by the old Portage trail, which was known as the “Cross Roads.” Several years later when other homesteads had been estab¬ lished in the vicinity, McMahan also built the first post office at the crossing of the trails. Following closely in the footsteps of his pioneer friend, Edward McHenry built a home of logs at the crossroads, where he opened the first tavern in the county. It was there that the town’s earliest settlers gathered to discuss the foremost topics of the day and to hold their town meetings and elections. There, too, in 1802, John McHenry was the first white child to be born in the village. After the first few years settlers came rapidly to this paradise for farmers and trappers, many of them from Pennsylvania and the New England states. More and more land was cleared from the deep forests; gram became both plentiful and cheap. As the town itself sprang up quickly out of the wilderness, so also did the various, inevit¬ able enterprises of civilization rise. At first the only mills in Chautauqua County were crude “Hominy Mills,” but before very long Westfield was not without its own saw and gristmills— carding and cloth dressing mills. Most of these were built along the banks of the Chautauqua Creek, and the remains of one or two are still to be found, lying in the forgotten ashes of yesterday. A tannery and a granite and marble works were also erected not far from the stream. The latter was established by Samuel Nixon in 1846 and is still m operation under the control of his grandson bearing the same name. James McClurg built the Westfield House, where, in 1829, the first authentic town meeting was held. McClurg, with the aid of Thomas Campbell, also built up several of the town’s Important business blocks. In 1864, at consider¬ able expense, Allen Wright organized the “Westfield pa- 5 per Company” which printed the first newspaper in western New York. With the rich na¬ tural surroundings of the country, set¬ tled by a hardy, progressive people, there was good rea¬ son for the outlook of the community to be bright. Ninety gallant sons of Westfield went forth to fight for the Union in the bloody battles of the Civil War—a fair number in pro¬ portion to the population of the town at that time. Since then Westfield has contributed nobly to our country’s need for fighting men in times of stress. The early farms of the community raised a variety of different crops, food that would feed the family throughout the yea r and enough extra grain that could be sold to buy the few necessities needed. The grape industry was not introduced here until the 1860’s. The soil and climate of the region were well-adapted to the cultivation of grapes and within a short period of time, grape-growing had increased to enor¬ mous proportions. It is now the leading source of wealth in the town. As the result of an experi¬ ment conducted by Dr. C. E. Welch, grape juice became a popular drink, whose fame was at first spread by the Welch Grape Juice fac¬ tory. Today Westfield is known as “the grape juice center of the world’’ and many of our soldiers overseas have tasted the juice of grapes grown in their own home town. Barcelona can hardly be excluded from the history of Westfield, as it has been very closely related to the town since its settlement. After it was made a port of entry, Barcelona was, for years, the most important place in the county. In 1828 Judge Thomas Campbell erected a lighthouse for the government, which was lighted by natural gas carried in wooden pump-logs from a spring nearby. In calm and storm the faithful light guided sailing ships to port where a j rofitable exchange of trade was carried on with the rich, productive country to the south. Its favorable location, with the absence of competing harbors, promised to give Barcelona even more commercial importance. In 1831 a steamboat was built to transport passsengers between Erie and Buffalo and it was thus that the Barcelona Company was formed. Today the settlement is one of the largest commercial fishing ports on Lake Erie, and handles many tons of fish each year. With the passing of time Westfield has ac¬ quired many lovely old buildings, among them the various churches which formed the back¬ ground for the town’s sons and daughters. However, the beautiful Patterson Library, endowed for J 100,000 by Hannah W. Patterson in memory of her parents, is one of the greatest objects of pride to the townspeople. Hewn with the axe from thick forests by its forefathers, Westfield, with its wide, well- shaded streets will long remain one of the loveliest, most pleasant of places in which to live. WESTFIELD SCHOOLS In the earliest days of Westfield, before its pioneer fathers had found time to build a schoolhouse, their children sought learning within the dreary walls of the old Presbyterian Church basement. Not until 1837 was the Westfield Academy erected, a three-story brick building perfectly capable of accommodating all the children in the then thinly-populated town. However, Westfield grew rapidly within the next thirty years and the old Academy was swollen almost to over-flowing with its ever- increasing enrollment of pupils. And thus, in 1868, the Westfield Union School, considerably more capacious than its predecessor, was con¬ structed for the purpose of housing and teach¬ ing the entire youth of the town, as well as many young men and women from other sections of the county who boarded out in private homes. Mr. John S. Fosdick came from Buffalo in 1869 to serve as the first principal in the new school. And later, Mr. Preston K. Pattison acquired a teaching position, and eventually the vacant principalship left by Mr. Fosdick. The out¬ standing services of these two men have long been remembered and beloved by hundreds of alumni. For many years the old building ac¬ complished its task very well indeed, until once again an over-abundance of school children bulged its sides and the rooms became too crowded for comfort. At the turn of the century the school board of directors finally agreed to the building of a high school and chose the piece of land direct¬ ly across the street from the Union School for the site of the new project. It was decided that the old building continue to be used for the lower grades. 6 and in this capacity it is still used. The present Westfield High School was completed in 1901, placed carefully in a beautiful setting. But there is a very interesting history concerning the site where our school now stands that cannot he overlooked. ears before, sometime in the 1860’s, the Holt mansion occupied that same location. Made of brick and stone with an elegant cupola towering above the roof, and supplemented by a coach house and stables, (which now house the Vine City Dairy) the mansion was at that time the show place of Westfield. Mr. Holt, who undoubtedly must have been a connoisseur of beauty, took much pride in his estate. At the front of the house he planted three beautiful trees, all of which are still standing; one is a graceful old copper beech, the other two are Japanese Ginkgos. The Japanese Ginkgo is a tree of long life and, geologically speaking, is said to be one of the oldest kinds of plants known to man, fossils of its leaves having been found which date to prehistoric times . A cir¬ cular drive led to the front entrance of the house and in the broad expanse of lawn between the drive and the street stood a graceful old fountain, fed by clear spring water which was carried through hundreds of feet of piping from natural springs far out on Academy Street. During the Civil War the Holt Mansion served as an underground railroad station for slaves escaping into Canada. It was the last stopping place between Dunkirk and the border and it IS not difficult to imagine tbe hundreds of black men, in constant terror of being dis¬ covered and returned to their southern masters, making their way slowly to the welcoming Holt stables and finally to the shores of Lake Erie where boats awaited them. There remains today a memento of the massiveness and in¬ terior beauty that the Holt residence must have con¬ tained—the exquis¬ ite mirror which now graces the high-ceilmged foyer of Eason Hall, and from which several feet had to be re¬ moved before it could be placed there. Under the guiding hands of long- remembered principals such as P. K. Pattison, Almon N. Taylor, G. Fayette Dickson, and our own belov¬ ed Professor Eaton, the school has ex¬ panded greatly in Its curriculum. Early in the annals of tbe high school, debating teams be¬ came a chief source of interest to the student body. Debating teams drilled by Professor Pattison, Rev. Alexander Thompson, Rev. George McClelland, and others won many a debate from such schools as Jamestown, Erie, and Lockport. The Rush-Rhees trophy, much coveted by all Western New York schools, was won by the silver-tongued youths of West- held more than once. The Delphic and Amalathean Societies sponsored all debating and writing activities. A school paper, “The Stylus,” later revived as “The New Stylus” in 1928, contained much material dealing with the literary attempts of the early nineteen hundreds. In more recent years, the early enthusiasm for debating has died out until now there are only the heated discussions on current topics in Social Studies 12 class and the annual D. A. R. Panel Discussion in active existence. Due to war conditions, the publica¬ tion of the “New Stylus” was omitted in 1943, to be continued later. For years before the hrst World War it had been the pleasure of the senior classes to make the annual trip to Washington at Easter time. Those trips were discontinued during the im¬ mediate years of war, but were again resumed after the war. From 1921 to 1941 the senior classes enjoyed trips to our nation’s capitol and other points of interest. Again, because of war restrictions the senior classes have faced the needed conditions and, accordingly, have changed their plans. The class of 1943 con¬ ceived the happy idea of editing an annual. As pioneers in this work they accomplished an excellent start. The “Porta-Via” has come into being and through the united efforts of the Class of 1944, the faculty, and alumni. It is sincerely hoped that all succeeding senior classes will further the idea until the yearly publication will become a tradition. 7 DEDICATION In this age of dynamic living we all too soon forget those who leave us to join their old friends. Some there are, however, whom we shall never lose from our treasure chest of pleasant memories. Such a person was “Westfield’s Grand Old Man.” For many years the civic virtuosity of our community was greatly enriched by the numerous benevolent activities in which he participated. Many of Westfield’s boys in the services are better men today because of the regular Sunday School class which Mr. Thompson made so interesting. The editor of the Westfield Republican was truly a great man. Unlike most people, he lived, day after day, the simple ever¬ lasting type of existence people love and admire most in a man. We are honored, therefore, in dedicating this issue of the Porta-Via, treating the history of the town he so dearly loved and which so cherishes the memory of him, to Hugh William Thompson. 8 Harry M, Eaton PRESENT PRINCIPAL John S, Fosdick FIRST PRINCIPAL Our Superintendent I believe that Westfield may be justly proud of the fact that from the earliest days it has always emphasized the importance of education and has been the first to offer its youth the newest and most advanced ideas in this held. Once it was the only school of secondary education m this area and its registrants read like the names in a college cata¬ log. Pupils came from the east, west, and south. Our School has always done its part and more m the de¬ velopment and making of this country truly great among the nations of this earth. Mr. Frank C. Prown Board of Education How often have we heard, “I’ll see the Board for some new books,’’ or “The Board will see about getting that repaired” and so on. Well, just that is the Board of Education. It is the underlying organization which forms the groundwork of Westheld High School. Whenever any problems arise, they are shoved off onto the school board. For this reason and for many others, the Class of 1944 takes this opportunity to express its sincerest gratitude for all the splendid supervision and helpful co-operation so generously granted by the Board of Education. standing: Dr. Louis J. Brown, Mr. Wilson Rood, Mr. Forest (L Sparks, Mr. Edgar T. JVelch. seated; Mr. Dixon P. Whitney, Dr. Pail S. Laughlin, Mrs. Stockton Harter, Mr. Sam F. Nixon, Mrs. Herbert Thompson, Mr. Elmer 0. Brinkman. 9 H. M. EATON Principal 1944—What a year in which to graduate from high school! World-shaping events just on the verge of happening keep us in breathless antici¬ pation. Boys and girls, today seniors, tomorrow the men and women responsible for the destiny of nations, face an opportunity unmatched in all history. Will the nations learn the lesson of interde¬ pendence and the suicidal effect of recurring war¬ fare, or will they subside into self-sufficient isola¬ tionism and false prosperity until some aggressor is ready to start another and even more disastrous reign of terror.? The answer is with the college hoys and girls and the high school seniors of the world. It is for them, more than any other group, to say whether we are to face another blood-bath, or whether humanity is to realize, while still on earth, “the fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man.” Can there be a more challenging oppor¬ tunity or a more supreme responsibility.? H. M. Eaton ARTHUR J. MACER Pice-Principal To be associated with the Past m Our School, and also have a part in the Present, affords one the rare privilege of being able to wipe off traditions, grown dusty with the passing years and compare Youth of Yesterday with Youth of Today. One wonders, what we “Oldsters” would have done, if, in our school days, the public had ex¬ pected Youth to have the privilege of greater self expression and self discipline, rather than judging a school, largely on the degree of strict discipline that was maintained. To me. Youth has merely grown more frank with the passing years. Youth still has the same ambitions, the same high ideals, the same desire to be some one and to be looked upon with respect and pride. The manner in which Youth of Today have accepted the responsibilities placed upon them in this time of National Crisis, makes one proud to have been associated with them and their Class of 1944. Arthur J. Macer 10 WESTFIELD’S FACULTY Marion H. Baldwin Mathemdtics Earle W. Brooker B.S. Scxence Ethel M. Carlson Commercial Harry M. Eaton B.S. Mathematics C. James Konstanty B.S. Physical Education Eleanor A. Little A.B. Social Studies Arthur J. Macer Science Elsie M. MacCutcheon, B.S. Social Studies Gladys L. Pettit B.S. Art 11 WESTFIELD’S FACULTY Florine V. Plumley Physical Education Jessie R. Ruffin A.B., M.A. French and Spanish Library Clara K. Trump A.B. English Harriet PA Ripley B.S. Commercial William C. Ross Music Mary V. Skillman A.B., M.A. Latin Julian M. Wright M.S. A griculture ! P Edith Shipherd A.B. English Magdalene W. Vrooman, B.S. Homemaking 12 GRADES FIVE TO EIGHT standing: Miss IVinnie Button, Mrs. Eva Champlin, Miss Isabel Lennox, Miss .llice Sputes, Mrs. Mary Johnson, Miss Caroline Betts, skated: Miss Lillian Meeder, Mrs. Esther Bates, Mrs. Elizabeth Carr, Mrs. Ellen Euller. .iA mT ' ' � � • ' i fy 1 1|L ' Jr 1 GRADES ONE TO FOUR, KINDERGARTEN .Mrs. Margaret Morgenstern, Mrs. Amy Card, Miss Amber McDowell, i Iiss Helen Carpenter, Miss Irena Kolpien, iMrs. Alice Austin, Miss Elizabeth Mason. Miss Helena Merker and Mrs. Cladys Swartz {absent when picture was taken). FACULTY ASSISTANTS Rayonei.ke K. E aton, A.B., M.A. JVar Savings Stamp Representative William Schell Substitute Physical Education Maurice I’enharlow Secretary to the Principal L. “Now as 1 told the Rotary-” M. “I before E except after C.” N. Champ. (J. “Sorry—no comic books.” P. X Y ' d-7 13 N Z = sixteen bushels. Q. Don’t look at me—that way! R. Who yah writin’ to? S. Pry this note for a change. I. No, no, saw your finger this w ' ay. U. Scientists. V. Would you like an apple? W. The toast is burning, girls. X. Don’t you know a comes before b? Y. “O hiya baldy.” Z. “ I hat’s right—press that key.” 14 Class of 1944 Senior Retrospect Seniors at last! For three long years we have looked up to and admired the mighty seniors and finally the honor was ours. We didn’t feel any different hut when we reflect over those eleven dragging years m which we struggled for the position which we now enjoy, it is with pride and satisfaction that we review our victory. The job hasn’t been easy. There have been many trying periods; 65 averages, solid session, outside jobs, and a host of other cries. Despite this load and all the extra burdens propagated by the war we have pulled through and had a lot of fun doing it. It is our wish that all the future seniors will derive as much benefit and enjoyment out of high school as we have. Mary V. Skillman Senior Jdvisor SENIOR OFFICERS Robert M. Harter .... Gordon W. Beckman .... Shirley E. Dibble .... Nancy A. Johnson .... President F ice-President Secretary Treasurer 15 A. ELMER ALLEN, JR. “Slim” Lovely neckties?! . . . super fanner . . . talks in all classes except study hall where he snores. E. E. A. 1, 2, 3, 4; Vice-Presitlenr of E. E. A. 4; Student Association 1, 2; Empire Earmer4; Hi-Y 4; F. F. A. Speak¬ ing Contest 4; Baseball 4; Allied Youth 1, 2. rilOMAS BARNES “Tom” Betty Oakes 1,2... wolf 3 .. . Helen 4 . . . woman ' s man . . . hunting . . . Central Market gang . . . one of Konstanty ' s henchmen . . . second childhood. Football 1; Basketball 2, 3, 4; Baseball 2, 3, 4; Allied ’outb 1, 2, 3; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Allied Youth Speaking Contest 3. S. HOWARD BARl’LEY, JR. “Brain” U. S. Army .Hr Corps . . . a genius . . . chief interest aero¬ nautics and allied sciences . . . indusfriou! . . . airplanes . . . rather shy . . . “Prof. Bartley s technical lectures.” Hi-Y 2, 3, 4; Boys’ Chorus 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 3, 4; Student Association 1, 2; Operetta 3. (iORDON W. BECKMAN “Budgl” “The ' late ' Mr. Beckman” . . . amateur psychologist . . . red socks . . . unpredictable! . . . hu?na7i? . . . trumpet man . . . Civil Air Patrol . . . U. S. Air Force Reserve . . . wolf—and how . . . Frank Sinatra hair. 13and 1, 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 1, 2, 3; Boys’ Chorus 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 2, 3, 4; Hi-Y 2, 3, 4, Treasurer 4; Student Association 1, 2; Basketball 2, 3, 4; Baseball 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Operetta 3; All-High Chorus 4; Junior Rotarian 4; Class Vice-President 4; Yearbook Start 4. Allen Barnes Bartley CALVIN BOWEN “Cal” Quiet . . . great guy. F. F. A. 1, 2, 3, 4; Secretary 4; Student Association 1, 2. C. WILLMAN BROWN, JR. “Brown” Reckless way of life . . . would rather laugh and eat than live . . . “Eh, Looie—shut der mout!” . . . Brooker ' s “Bulldozer” . . . two model T ' s” . . . Anne. LL S. Army Air Corps . . . Class Vice-President 1, 2; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Student Association 1, 2; Boys’ Chorus 1; Hi-Y 3, 4; Scribblers 3, 4; Production Manager of Year¬ book 4; Radio Broadcast at Jamestown 2; English Play 4; Assembly Committee 4; Junior Rotarian 4; Senior Play. CLASS Beckman Bowen Brown 16 OF 1944 Cash Cleveland Cronk JOSEPH M. CANALE “Panama” U. S. Army Air Corps {enlisted) . . . musician {brilliant) . . . “Are you hiddin’?” . . . “Meee, what a tik head” . . . studious . . . good marks . . . dependable . . . f ' aledictorian. Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 1, 2, 3, 4; I?oys’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; National Honor Society 3, 4; Student Association 1,2; Operetta 3; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Hi-Y 2, 3, 4; Basketball 4; Band I ' reasurer 3, 4; Secretary of Allied Youth 3; President of National Honor Society 4; Vorce Scholarship Award 2; Allied Youth Speaking Con¬ test 3. EEEIE CARAS “Fin” Everyone likes her . . . courteous . . . friendly. Mixed Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Girls’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Student Association 1, 2, 3, 4; Operetta 3; Orchestra 1, 2, 3; Bowl¬ ing 4; Sports Council 4; Basketball 4; D. A. R. Good Citi¬ zenship Award 4. HELEN CARAS “Lkna” Tony’s . . . icky stockings . . . friendly . . . good-natured . . . sneezing e.xpert. Student Association 1, 2, 3; Basketball 1, 2, 3; Volleyball 2; Bowling 1, 2, 3; Senior Play. JOSEPHINE CASH “Josii;” Quiet . . . faithful prompter in the Senior Play . . . riny . . . one and only “Pete.” Allied Youth 1, 2; Student Association 1, 2, 3; Basketball 2, 4; Bowling 1, 2; Mi-Y 3, 4. Canale Caras Caras ROY CLEVELAND ? .? Pn charge of our public address system for four years . . . reckless and carefree . . . Roy the Kendall Station Boy. Allied Youth 1, 2, 3, 4; Student Association 1, 2, 3; Or¬ chestra 1, 2, 3, 4; Hi-Y 3, 4; Senior Play. CHARLOTTE CRONK “Charley” Mel . . . stubborn . . . likes Carraher pigeons. Sherman 1, 2; A Cappella Choir 1,2; High School Orchestra 2; Mixed Chorus 3; Girls’ Chorus 3. 17 RUTH CURTIS “Curtie” Artistic abiliiy . . . “Arthur” reiidezvous in halls . . . good student. . beautifully dressed . . . last minute nail polish jobs. Yearbook Staff 4; Student Association 1, 2; Allied Youth 1, 2; Honor Society 3, 4; Senior Play; Bowling 1, 2. SHIRLEY E. DIBBLE “Skirl” Arland . . . “There’s something about a soldier,” dependable, clever, champion giggler. Orchestra 1, 2; Girls’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Operetta 3; Student Association 1, 2; AlliedYouth 3; Stylus Staff 2; Girls’ Sports Council 3, 4; Basketball 3, 4; Volleyball 3; Bowling 3, 4; Softball 3, 4; Senior Play; National Honor Society 3, 4; Class Treasurer 1; Class Secretary 2, 3, 4; Allied Speaking Contest 3; Junior Red Cross Council 2, 3, 4; Mi-Y 3, 4; Assembly Committee 4. GRACE MARIE DOLCE “Gracie” Jitterbug . . . live wire . . . good dresser . . . organist . . . talks her head off. Allied Youth 1, 2; Girls’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 4; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Senior Play; Basketball 2, 3, 4; Volleyball 3, 4; Bowling 2, 3, 4; Softball 3, 4; Allied Youth Speaking Contest 3; Mi-Y3, 4. MARJORY DRAKE “Marge” Ardent square dance enthusiast. . . conscientious . . . domestic type . . . expert at sewing. Student Association 1, 2; Allied Youth 1, 2; Basketball 4; Volleyball 4. Curtis Dibble Dolce ESTHER POLLY FARR “Easter” Loads of fun {to be with) . . . boundless energy . . . beautiful big brown eyes ... a ready smile. Band 2, 3, 4; Class Treasurer 2; Chorus 1; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Student Association 1, 2; Senior Play; Girls’ Sport Council 1, 2, 3, 4; Basketball 1, 2, 3, 4; Softball 1, 2, 3, 4; Volleyball 4; Mi-Y 1, 2, 3, 4. BETTY JANE FULLER “Bett” Frequent outbursts in history class . . . brilliant colors . . . skipping school . . . her natural blonde curls are the envy of the girls. Student Association 1, 2; American Legion Oratorical Con¬ test 3; Civilian Defense. CLASS Drake Farr Fuller 18 JOSEPH S. GERVASI “Jarvis” Oh, those notes!! . . . woof! . . . future Fuller Brush man . . . ' ' Could sell ice to the Eskimos” . . . loves hunting and sports. Allied Youth 1, 2; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Basketball Manager 2; Basketball 3, 4; Athletic Association Advertis¬ ing 1, 2, 3; Library Staff 2; Baseball 4; Star Salesman 1, 2, 3, 4; Poppy Poster Contest, Eirst Prize 4; Senior Play Einance 4. OF 1944 JUNE GOODRICH “Pepphr” Mayville High School 1, 2, 3; Kenny; full of fun; late hours; jitterbug!! Hank el Hanks Harter PATRICIA HALSTEAD “Pat” Howard {that soldier oj mine) . . . expert violinist . . . con¬ genial. Orchestra 1, 2, 3, 4; Girls’ Chorus 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 4; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Senior Play; Basketball 2, 3, 4; Volleyball 3, 4; Bowling 2, 3, 4; Softball 3, 4; Allied Youth Speaking Contest 3; Mi-Y 3, 4. GENE HANKEL “Jpannie” Quiet . . . unassuming type . . . studious . . . shy . . . peddles 10 school daily under her own steam. Student Association 1, 2, 4. HAYDEN LAVERN HANKS “Cousin Pig-Squeek” A real he-man . . . strong but not silent . . . stimulates a good time . . . likeable personality . . . Struggle Buggy. Eootball 1, 2; Basketball 2, 3; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Senior Play; Junior Rotarian; Boys’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 4. ROBERT M. HARTER “Mac” Nature lover . . . prodigiousf?) . . . logical thinker . . . what nice red hair he had {zvith trimmings) . . . pathetic combina¬ tions in clothes, etc. . . . ' ' foo makes the world go round.” Class President 1, 4; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 2, 3, 4; Boys’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 2, 3, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2; Honor Society 4; Hi-Y 2, 3, 4; Scribblers 3, 4; Vice-President 4; Senior Play; Operetta 3; Junior Rotarian; Yearbook Staff. Gervasi Goodrich Halstead 1 19 lleider II eider Holcomb CLARENCE W. HEIDER “Bud” “Gimme some gum” . . . corpulant . . . goon-child . . . Buddy and Joan {inseparables) . . .flower shop. Allied Youth 1, 2; Hi-Y 4; Boys’ Chorus 1; Student As¬ sociation 1, 2, 4; Senior Play. JOAN CATHERINE HEIDER “Joan’ Home loving type . . . helpful . . . dignified . . . courteous . . . Joan and Buddy {inseparable — ha, ha) . . . spends leisure time reading. Library Staff I, 2, 3, 4; Student Association 1, 2, 3; Fri-Y 1, 2; Allied Youth 1; Bowling 3, 4; Bask etball 3. CLASS GEORGE A. HOLCOMB “George” Pleasant . . . president of F. F. A. . . . sincere . . . dependable . . . musket {rocket gun) . . . square dance . . . “age oj chivalry is not dead.” Stylus Staff 1, 2; Allied Youth 2, 3; Student Association 1, 2, 3; Student Council Representative 4; F. F. A. 1, 2, 3, 4; Treasurer 3, President 4; Empire State Farmer 3; Hi-Y 4; Yearbook Staff 4; Assistant 4th Grade Shop’ Teacher; Junior Rotarian. LUCILLE M. JACKSON “Lucy” Rather quiet . . . genial . . . Mr. Macer’s faithjul servant . . . pride of the Soprano section . . . addition to the F. B. I. Girls’ Chorus 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Operetta 3; Student Association 1, 2; Scribblers 3, 4; Senior Play 4; Allied Youth Spea king Contest 3; Stylus Staff 3; Yearbook Staff 4. PAUL S. JOHNS “Johns” Sleeps in history class; sleeps in algebra; sleeps . . . enjoys a good time . . . teaches health class . . . uses big words . . . noted for tactful evasion of work . . . detects minor technical dis¬ crepancies. Band I; Football 1; Allied Youth 1, 2; Class President 2; Hi-Y 3, 4; Boys’ Chorus 3, 4; Senior Play; D. A. R. History Panel 2, 3; Junior Rotarian. NANCY A. JOHNSON “Johnny” Always on the job . . . happy . . . wants to be a gym teacher. Student Association 1, 2, 3, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3, 4, President 4; Girls’ Chorus I, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 1, 2, 3, 4; Band Secretary 4; Operetta 3; Stylus Staff 2, 3; Girls’ Sports Council 3, 4, President 4; Basketball 1, 2, 3, 4; Bowling 1, 2, 3, 4; Soft- ball 1, 2, 3, 4; Volleyball 1, 2, 3, 4; National Honor Society 3, 4; Class Treasurer 3, 4; Seniot Play; Mi-Y 1, 2, 3, 4; Annual Staff; Girls’ Loyalty Award 3; All-High Band 4. Jackson Johns Johnson 20 “Kelly” ROBERT KELLY Oh, Iliya baldy” . . . women . . . another one of Konstanty’s henchmen; everybody ' s friend . . . absentee . . . Ann. Basketball 2, 3, 4; Baseball 3, 4; Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Orcbesfra 2, 3, 4; Boys’ Chorus 1, 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 2, 3, 4; Stylus Staff 1, 2; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Operetta 3; Student Association 1, 2. OF 1944 GEORGE LARSON “George Einstein” Reads comic books {one) . . . scholarly . . . quiet . . . good marks . . . incessant studying . . . books. Student Association 1, 2; National Honor Society 3, 4; Yearbook Staff; Salutatorian. Lull Noble WILLIAM LLOYD “John” Jit-buggies . . . jovial Uncle John . . . reserve . . . U. S. Army Air Corps . . . happy-go-lucky. Student Association 1, 2; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; E. F. A. 3, 4; American Legion Oratorical Contest 3; Hi-Y 3, 4; Sectional Representative New York State F. F. A. Speak¬ ing Contest 3; Boys’ Chorus 2; Senior Play. ANDREW D. LULL “Andy” A-12 . . . happy farmer . . . once had lots of hair . . . practical joker . . . talks to Jean in history class. Student Association 1, 2; Band 2, 3; Hi-Y 4. Kelly Larson Lloyd ELIZABETH NOBLE “Lizzy” Sunny nature . . . conscientious student . . . typewriter shark. Student Association 2; Yearbook Staff 4; National Honor Society 3, 4. 21 “Dotty” Pierce Reynolds Reynolds DOROTHY i:. PIERCK J ' ery quiet . . . nice to know . . . Harry, my bird man. Student Association 1, 2, 3, 4. DORIS REYNOLDS “Rollie” Brilliant . . . studies . . . Maurice’s little helper . . . swell kid- Student Association 1, 2; Honor Society 3, 4. CLASS LUEELA REYNOLDS “Lu” Quiet . . . dependable . . . Maurice’s pal . . . likes sports. Honor Society 3, 4; Basketball 4; Softball 4; Volleyball 4; American Legion Oratorical Contest 3; Student Associa¬ tion 1, 2, 4. ELINOR M. SAXTON “Toni” Secret boy friend . . . short skirts . . . perpetual gum chewer . . . freakish hair-does . . . artistic. Student Association 1, 2, 3; Softball 3, 4; Volleyball 3; American Legion Poster Contest, Second Prize 2, 3. ALAN W. SPARKS “Porky” Central Market gang . . . conservative? . . . humor . . . poet . . . orator {hot air) . . . ingenious . . . electrical engineer. Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Student Association 1, 2; Student Council 2; Class President 3; Hi-Y 3, 4; Secretary of Hi-Y 4; Basketball 3, 4; Eootball 2; Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 1, 2, 3; Boys’ Chorus 2, 3, 4; Mixed Chorus 2, 3, 4; Operetta 3; Stylus Staff 1; Year Book Staff 4; Scribblers 3, 4; Senior Play 4; Junior Rotarian; Allied Youth Speaking Contest 3. HELEN STEWART “Sru” “Billy,” Ohl that sailor . . .full of pep . . . red hair . . . future wife. Girls’ Chorus 1, 2; Mixed Chorus 1, 2; Student Association 1, 2, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Senior Play 4; Basketball 1, 2; Bowling 1, 2, 3; Softball 3. Saxton Sparks Stewart 22 PHYLLIS 1. TODD “Phyl” Busybody . . . third childhood . . .cradle thief . . . energetic . . . refreshing. Band 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 4; Student Association 1, 2, 3; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3; Senior Play; Mi-Y 1, 2, 3, 4; Girls’ Chorus 2; Mixed Chorus 1; Basketball 1; Bowling 1. OF 1944 HARRY WARD “Ward” Betty . . . junk dealer . . . instrumentalist {definitely corny) ... as a student—strictly off the beam. Elementary Algebra 1, 2, 3; Boys’ Chorus 3; Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Orchestra 3, 4; Baseball 3, 4. JEAN WEBSTER “Beulah” Long flowing tresses . . . language student . . . rhythm in her fingers . . . Beulah and Bessie — Moo. Student Association 1, 2, 3, 4; Allied Youth 1, 2, 3, 4; Stylus Staff 1, 2; Scribblers 3, 4; National Honor Society 3, 4; Band 1, 2, 3; Orchestra 1, 2, 3; Choral Accompanist 1, 2, 3, 4; Operetta 3; Mi-Y 1, 2, 3, 4; Sports Council 1, 2, 3, 4; Bowling 1, 2, 3, 4; Basketball 1, 2, 4; Softball 1, 2, 4; Yearbook Staff 4; Senior Play; Radio Broadcast at Jamestow’n 2. JFeierbach GEORGE O. WEIERBACH “Sunshine” Wavy hair . . . conservative type . . . Uncle Pig Squeak . . . Utter dependability . . . research . . . mechanical engineer and designer. Operetta 3; Stylus Staff 2; Allied Youth 1, 2; Hi-Y 2, 3, 4; Scribblers 4; Honor Society 3, 4; Band 1, 2, 3, 4; Boys’ Chorus 3, 4; Student Association 1, 2; Allied Youth Speak¬ ing Contest 3; Senior Play; Yearbook Staff 4; Junior Rotarian. Todd Ward lUebster 23 I. Six pounds ot butter—please. J. Zombies. K. George Holcomb—before. L. I ' ypical senior. M. (lun-mount. N. 1 be key to knowledge. 24 A. Hi—kids, n. Hcdloooooooooo! C. Coke, please. D. Sour? E. (jo back to sleep. F. d he perversity of model air planes. 25 f THP: JUNIORS’ TALE Listen, my children, and you shall hear Something about Miss Baldwin’s dears. Since the first of September in forty-one Hardly a moment without some fun Has been our lot these three brief years. Borrowing, begging, and stealing did we; At many a dance we charged a high fee. The collection of paper, a bake sale, too. Helped us to roll m revenue For the ’45 yearbook we already foresee. The majority strived for the status of juniors. Numerous activities made it far from a bore; So on through the hours and days To the oflfice most of us wended our ways. In the midst of this came Pearl Harbor and war. We then left the rooms and entered the hall. Where study is supposedly meant to enthrall. On the eighth of September in forty-three. Soon they’ll present to us the key. But first entertain ’em we must with a ball. Colors of light blue and amber we chose. We thought they’d go well with Leg’s hair of rose. The wit of our health class is dear little Pris. On the basketball court Grace doesn’t miss. And yes, all through his classes Pretzel will doze. Thus ends the tale of the Junior Class For soon our exams we’ll be trying to pass; And we’ll sit in the back of the study hall. Able, at last, to lord over all. But still with less males than females, alas! 26 CLASS OF FORTY-FIVE Donald Mutch, Joyce Garrison, Jane Slocum, Janet Burleigh, Betty Eggert, 7 ' homas Guido, Grace Bivona, Marie Baideme, Alice Brown, Hazel Ticknor, Milton Nash. Asa McKinnis, JVyllian King, Jean Bennett, David Spencer, Anne Bornand, Glara Ann Newell, Lyman Letgers, Richard Ossman, Betty Bar an. Miss Marion Baldwin, Advisor James Spann, Priscilla Hopson, Shirley JVeatherup, Lois Perdue, Angelo Lachiusa, Mary Maggio, Joyce Farr, Shirley Young, Gordon Gundlach. James IVaterman, Ann Morgenstern, Helen Laughlin, Esther Olmstead, Roberta Newman, Glara Miller, Joyce Hamilton, Ruth Pier, Donald Travis. 27 CLASS OF I he fall of 1943 found the new Sophomore class trooping downstairs to take up residence at opposite ends of the second floor. Under the leadership of Mrs. Trump and Mr. Brooker as advisors, candidates were chosen and the oflicers elected. I ' his time Ruth Schuette emerged as president; Jean Allen, vice-president; Ralph Meyers, secretary; and Emma Rohman, treasurer. Later Eleanor Kurgan was chosen Red Cross representative and Charles Crim, Student Council representative. A color chart was obtained and the class colors, primrose and light blue, were selected as the most harmonious. Not long after solid session was over, plans were under way for a harvest festival, with several groups taking care of the refreshments, decorating, tickets, advertising, etc. Ihe evening of the big event found the auditorium adorned with corn stalks, bales of hay, pumpkins, and other “atmosphere” which contributed to the general hilarity. Guests were required to come in old clothes, which were considered the proper attire for the energetic square dancing which followed. CTeat quanti¬ ties of cider and doughnuts were consumed by all during the long and strenuous evening. I he attendance was very gratifying, as it was the first important social event of the school year. After one of the local basketball games, we sponsored around dance with profitable results for the class treasury. On April 4 in the auditorium, the English II classes presented a well-known radio play which had been adapted for the stage by Mrs. Trump. This sketch was used only with the special permission of the author who writes the weekly radio series. Owing to a conflict with the Senior play practice, all of the rehearsals were held during the noon hour and after the close of the afternoon session. Because of the required voice changes, several of the principals’ vocal cords underwent con¬ siderable strain. Helping behind the scenes with the curtain, scene changes, sound eflFects, costumes, and make-up were James Gervaise, Anthony Marsala, Charles Crim, James Eggert, Judy Pentz, and Eleanor Karash. Robert Watson read a selection from the Scriptures. At the request of the author, we are not permitted to mention the title nor characters of the play. The cast included the following: Richard McEvoy, the son of the family; Marc Waite, the father; Jean Allen, the mother; Ruth Schuette, the sister; Robert Brown, another school boy; Eleanor Decker, a high school girl; Herbert Dedrick, a third school boy; Robert Watson, the principal; Joyce Bartley, his secretary; Roberta Gundlach, the aunt; Margaret Jackson, the girl friend; John Clement, her father; Marietta Engelhardt, her mother; and Eugene Breads, the announcer. A committee consisting of Ruth Schuette, Eleanor Decker, Richard McEvoy, and Robert Brown met frequently at Robert’s house. An original radio script was prepared which the class hope to present in a study hall assembly later in the year. In our English classes, we have had other opportunities to show our acting ability. During the study of the “Merchant of ’enice” and “Twelfth Night,” many scenes were acted out for the enjoyment of the room. Especially effective was Marc Waite’s interpretation of the vindictive Shylock, armed with a long and sharpened butcher knife. Although solid session cut seriously into most of our programs, some have managed to maintain a high scholastic average. With the addition of an extra period to the school day, many have found it possible to take five or even six subjects. Two of our former classmates, Charles Mutch and Anthony Cogliano, are now serving in the armed forces. At last reports, Charles has advanced to the rank of gunner’s mate. James Hage, Marc White, and Charles Crim were asked to join the Hi-Y, that thriving W. H. S. institution headed by Mr. Brooker. The girls joining the Mi-Y were Ruth Schuette, Marietta Engelhardt, Jean Allen, and Marianne Bixby. The day of the great paper drive found many of our more hardy members out in full force despite the chilly weather. Again the sports curriculum is well represented, as a large number of boys and girls went out for basketball. The class honor in this field was upheld by such stellar athletes as Charles Crim and Ralph Meyers, who were the envy of the whole school. One of our most reliable players, the indefatigable Ralph, proved recently that it took only a siege of pneumonia to prevent him from playing the game. The girls’ team was well organized this year under Eleanor Decker as captain and played many remarkable games with the upper-classmen. A new and welcome addition to the teachers’ ranks was Miss Little, who replaced Mr. Booker in Social Studies. Later on, when Mr. Konstanty left, we gained Mr. Schell as Phys-Ed instructor. A baseball team was soon organzied by him with Charles Crim, Richard McEvoy, James Gervaise, Robert Watson, Henry Canale, and James Hage competing for the various positions. Spring training was held both in the gym and at Welch Eield when the weather improved. I he distinction of being the first group in the high school to achieve a 100% stamp sale fell to the Sophomore boys. This provided the incentive for the girls to follow, and close competition resulted. Twenty-one consecutive weeks starting No¬ vember 10 with the 100% purchase of stamps is the school record so far. Special credit is due to Mr. Brooker, who helped start this movement. With ever increasing confidence in the future, the entire group looks forward to the two years lying before them. High school has been incomparably more exciting than the life which we left behind in grade school. 28 FORTY-SIX Eleanor Decker, Robert JFatson, Patricia Jaynes, James Eggert, Judith Pentz, Richard MeEvoy, Marianne Bixby, Marc IVaite, Phyllis LaPorte, Robert Brown, Grace Beck. Lorraine DuChaine, James Ilage, Eleanor Kurgan, Jean Allen, Ruth Schuette, Ralph Myers, Charles Grim, Margaret Jackson, Robert Neill, Roberta Gundlach. Mrs. Trump, Advisor Clarence Saxton, Dale Bowen, Theodore Barlowe, James Gervaise, Richard Dalrymple, Arthur Kester, John Clement, James La Porte, Peter Baideme, George Orlando, Anthony Marsala, Ileyiry Canale. Eugene Breads, Carmela LoPreste, Edna Farnham, Arthur Nusom, Alice Bush, John Ossman, Doris Bird, Leo iard Balsano, Alice Miller, John Bowen, Betty Killbury, Herbert Dedrick. Norman IVheeler, Caroline Syracuse, Edith IVilcox, Margaret Krash, Eleanor Karash, Marcella Fickle, Mariette Engelhardt, Sarah Light, Lynette Milligen, Duane Sherman. Mr. Brooker, Advisor 29 CLASS OF In September of the year 1943 a large group of Freshmen made their debut in Westfield’s Senior High School. Naturally this first appearance held all of the thrdls and suppressed excitement usually felt by the new class. It seemed like a major triumph for each of us and we could not help feeling important as we turned our backs on Junior High School and looked ahead toward new and bigger things. The first few days passed by in a wild confusion of program arrangements, new books, fees for this and that, and the various other exciting preparations for the school year. Gradually however, we settled down to the general routine and were slowly absorbed into the various activities offered by our school. Our days were full and our programs varied. In November we elected officers by ballot. For president we chose Vincent Trlppy to lead us through our first year in high school. William Kincaid was elected Vice-President. Lyman Watson found himself in charge of our funds and Martha Spencer was given the task of recording the history of our Freshman year. With the help of our advisors, Mrs. MacCutcheon and Mr. Eaton, our class was organized and became a working example of co-operation and class loyalty. The musical organizations of our school provided anopportunlty for extra-curricular activities and many classmates not already band or orchestra members soon found places in those organizations. The Freshman class also contributed a generous group to the Boys’ and Girls’ choruses and to the mixed chorus. As the school sports program developed some of our boys and girls joined basketball teams. The boys have already established a good record on the school teams and the Freshman Girls’Team is working to improve its standing. A large group of Freshman girls have also joined a bowling team. Several of our classmates may also be found assisting in the school library. Their work, while it helps the school, also gives them access to the library’s facilities. Three of our classmates serve the school in the capacity of cheerleaders. Besides school and class loyalty we regularly practice loyalty to our country by the purchase of War Stamps and Bonds. Mrs. MacCutcheon’s room has had 100% stamp sales several times and we hope to continue that record. During this school year a large sum of money has been turned in from these purchases and we are proud of our patriotic enterprise. One of our first activities was our Freshman Assembly Program. The English I classes, with the co-operation of other departments in the school, presented an assembly program for the Junior and Senior High School. The program began with devotions. Then it took the form of a radio program. A “Woman’s Hour of Inspiration,” consisting of a most entertaining monologue and poems about Lincoln and Washington, was broadcast over Westfield’s own Station WHS, operating on 1947 kilocycles. A radio play, “The State Versus Joe Miller,” was then presented. The appropriate sound effects and well-read parts made it an exciting presentation. After the radio program Abraham Lincoln walked through the darkened auditorium in search of his little friend, Grace Bedell. A flute solo, “Serenade,” by Eranz Shubert, was next on the program. Last but certainly not least was the adapted version of a Thornton Wilder play. The Frosh Playhouse did a fine job and our imaginations went to work as we followed the Kirby family from Westfield’s “west side” to Dunkirk. Our vote of thanks goes to Mrs. Trump who spent a great deal of time and effort on the program. The class spent a busy week-end, for o n Monday evening after the assembly program, the class sponsored a Leap Year Dance. We were delighted with the success of our party. A large crowd gathered for round and square dancing. The room was gay with crepe paper decorations. Being a Leap Year party the girls were on the job and there wasn’t a dull moment. Again the class members co-operated to make a good time for everyone. The Freshman Class looks forward to three years of study and recreation. We hope to live up to the good example set by the classes before us so that when we graduate in 1947 our school may be proud of us. 30 FORTY-SEVEN Richard Mathews, Thomas Hopson, Richard Morgenstern, Melvin Perdue, Donald Oakes, Joseph Guido, Louis Loveless, Richard Simpson, If ' illiam I’ere, Slandley Kaiser. Mary Salamone, Betty Jackson, Dorothy Nash, Ethel Rexford, Elsie Johnston, Nancy Bentley, Dorothy .Inn Rexford, Sylvia Holbrook, Shirley McGarrell, Jane Reynolds, Ruth Pinter, Betty Jane Holcomb. Patricia Minton, Pauline Bennett, Jo .Inn Anderson, IKilliam Kincaid, I ' incent Trippy, Lyman IFatson, Martha Spencer, Anne Rosel, Barbara Tucker. Mrs. MacCutchF ' On, .Idvisor Richard Meyers, Henry Rohman, Max Haskins, Donald JValker, Joseph Cogliano, IKilliam Ireland, Bernard JKinch, James Hall, IKilliam McMahon, James Monroe. Charlotte DuChaine, Mildred Nusom, Gloria Syracuse, Frances Balsano, Philip Edson, IKayne Schimel, Robert Cornell, Alfred JKalker, Florence Noble, Joan Granzanti, Frances LaPorte, Frances Riscili. Mary Dawley, Dorothy Keopka, Gladys Bird, Olga Baran, Marion Crist, Marilyn Smith, .Inn Cunningham, .Ilice Nichols, Louise Rasey, Gloria Eggert. Mr. Eaton, .Idvisor 31 A. Oh fommy ! ! D. Sad case. G. Go on back to work. B. Quaint. E. Cute dog. H. Our teachers. ! C. 4-F. F. Fell us too. E Go ahead, choke ’em 32 Present Activity Group PRESIDENTS Old Activity Group DEBATING TEAM if I STUDENT COUNCIL standing: Charh ' s Crini, George Holcomb, Effie Caras, Lyman Leigers, Mr. Eaton, seated; JVyllian King, Hayden Hanks, Alan Sparks, Jo Ann Anderson. Again thei 2 has been felt in Westfield High School the need for a student representative body. Recognizing that need, the students, without faculty suggestion, formed the Students’ Association. From this association there were elected from the Senior Class, two persons to act as President and Vice-President of the organization. Following that, in the individual class meetings the Freshmen and Sophomores each elected one representative, the Juniors two, and the Seniors two. These eight people formed what is known as the Student Council. This council has many functions to perform, one of its greatest being to represent the students. If there is any complaint concerning rules, regulations, or problems pertinent to school welfare, it can be presented to the Student Council and an adjustment will be rendered. Providing entertainment for association members is another function under normal conditions. In the past the Student Council was ab le to do not only this but partially to support the New Stylus. In general, the Student Council does a valuable service to the school as the “middle man” be¬ tween the faculty and the students. 33 WESTFIELD HIGH SCHOOL ■■ f M i n It m B1 1 IHpi| William C. Ross, Director President, Alan Sparks; Treasurer, Joseph Canale; Stage Manager, John Clement; Vice-Presideni, Gordon Beckman; Secretary, Nancy Johnson; Business Manager, Robert Harter. cornets: Salvatore Caruso, Harold Conway, Charles Crim, Donald Dalryniple, Nacy Johnson, Richard Mathews, Mary Salamone, Marilyn Smith, Barbara Tucker, Marc Waite, Lyman Watson, flutes: Janet Burleigh, Anne Rosel. ★ violins: Patricia Halstead, Alan Sparks, Lloyd ITright, Jean Webster, Charlotte DuChaine. violas: Roy Cleveland, Cordon Beckman, basess: Charles Crim, David Spencer, ’cellos: Anne Bornand, Martha Spencer. BAND AND ORCHESTRA 1943-44 horns: James Huge, Lois Mae Schuette. clrinets: Jnne Bornand, Joseph Canale, John Clement, Joyce Farr, Salvatore Gangi, Robert Harter, Priscilla Hopson, James Mead, Patricia Minton, IVilliam Reid, Dorothy Ann Rexford, Donald Stajford. baritone: Gordon Beckman, basses: Harry JVard, Lloyd Wright, saxophones: Esther Farr, JVilliam McMahon, trombones: James Bornand, William Kincaid, Alan Sparks, David Spencer, Maurice Pan Dyke, JVilliam J ' ere. percussion: Betty Jackson, IVyllian King, Phyllis Todd. ★ clarinets: John Clement, Joseph Canale, Robert Harter, flute: Anne Rosel. cornets: Nancy Johnson, Salvatore Caruso, Richard Mathews, horn: James Hage. trombone: IVilliam Kincaid, percussion: Phyllis Todd, Betty Jackson, piano: Effie Caras. 3(n jWemortam ELIZABETH SODERHOLM 36 GIRLS’ CHORUS TOP row: Janet Burleigh, Ethel Rexford, Dorothy Rexford, Jo Ann Anderson, Sylvia Holbrook, Patricia Minton, Martha Spencer, Elsie Johnston, Patricia Halstead, Anne Bornand, Patricia Jaynes, Lucille Jackson, Marianne Bixby. middle row: Margaret Jackson, Phyllis LaPorte, Hazel Ticknor, Jean Bennett, Nancy Johnson, Shirley McGarrell, Judith Pentz, Marilyn Smith, Doris Bird, Grace Bivona, Marie Baideme, Charlotte DuChaine, Gladys Bird, bottom row: Anne Rosel, Barbara Tucker, Betty Jackson, Shirley Dibble, Jean Webster, Effie Caras, Frances Balsano-, Mary Dawley, Betty Holcomb, Priscilla Hopson, Pauline Bennett. BACK row: John Clement, Joseph Canale, Alan Sparks, Paul Johns, George Weierbach, David Spencer, Gordon Beckman. MIDDLE row: Robert Kelley, Hayden Hanks, Ralph Meyers, Melvin Perdue, Richard Meyers, JVilliam Kincaid, Charles Grim, IVayne Schimel. front row: James Hage, Donald Oakes, Lyman Watson, Robert Harter, Jean Jf’ebster, J incent Trippy, William McMahon, Richard Morgenstern, Richard Mathews. BOYS’ CHORUS 37 THURSDAY NIGHT CAST standing; Joan Ileider, Clarence Ileider, Lucille Jackson, Robert Ilarler, JVillman Brown, seatkd: Hele i Caras, Shirley Dibble, Hayden Hanks, IVilliam Miller, Grace Dolce, Esther Farr. standing; Ifilliam Lloyd, Phyllis Todd, Jean JFebsier, Paul Johns, Joan Ileider, Ruth Curtis, George ireierbach, Alan Sparks, seated; IVilliam Miller, Helen Stewart, Nancy Johnson, Patricia Halstead. FRIDAY NIGHT CAST 38 THE NATIONAL HONOR SOCIETY I he steadfast hope and faith of our democracy lies dormant in the pupils of the secondary schools—the future leaders and thinkers of the nation. In this time of need it is the duty of the school to search out the more capable students from the masses and begin their training in civic usefulness and civic ideals. 1 he National Honor Society aids the school in meeting this obligation by providing an incentive to study. I he society was formed to stimulate scholarship in an age when athletic and social activities were fast gaining precedence, d ' he aim of the National Honor Society is to make good citizenship in high schools a matter of distinction and honor. I he association is comprised of members ranling in the highest third of their class and b ears the same honorary criteria as the society of higher learning, the Phi Beta Kappa. standing: George Larson, Luella Reynolds, Elizabeth Noble, Helen Laughlin, Doris Reynolds, Anne Bornand, Janet Burleigh, Alice Brown, Robert Harter, George IFeierbach, Shirley Dibble, Jean Bennett, Clara Ann Newell, Shirley Young, Jean IFebster, Lyman Letgers. se.ated: fFyllian King, Nancy Johnson, Joseph Canale, Joyce Garrison, Ruth Curtis. standing: Lynette Milligan, Mel¬ vin Perdue, Charles Crim, Joan Heider, Eleanor Kurgan, Roy Cleveland, Doris Bird, Donald Oakes, John Ossman, Jane Slocum, Edith Wilcox, seated: Elsie Johns¬ ton, Catherine Peacock, Mrs. Ruffin, James Gervaise. Sii i 1 1 he present High School Library staff was organized in the Fall of 1940 by its sponsor, Mrs. Ruffin. Its membersbip consists of from twelve to fourteen students who have demonstrated an interest in library work. Names are submitted and voted upon by the organization. Weekly meetings are held at which affairs are discussed concerning the technique and efficiency of the librarv. Among other things, each member is taught how to check out and shelve books, tbe care and distribution of magazines, etc. A member may be dropped at any time for disciplinary reasons or if considered undesirable to the proper functioning of the staff. The social event of this year was a Valentine Party. The present officers are: President, Catherine Peacock; Vice-President, James Gervaise; Secretary and Treasurer, Elsie Johnston; Reporter, Eleanor Kurgan. The other members are: Doris Bird, Charles Crim, Joan Heider, Lynnette Milligan, Melvin Perdue, Jane Slocum, Edith Wilco.x. Non-member Assistants are: Roy Cleveland, William Ireland, Mildred Nusom, Donald Oakes, John Ossman. LIBRARY STAFF 39 The Porta -Via 1944 George Weierbach Robert Harter . Paul Johns . WiLLMAN l ROWN . Editor . Associate Editor Business Manager Production Manager THE STAFF standing: George Larson, George Holcomb, Ruth Curtis, Nancy Johnson, Elizabeth Noble, Alan Sparks, seated: IVillman Brown, Paul Johns, George JVeierbach, Robert Harter, Gordon Beckman. 40 JUNIOR RED CROSS This yeai the Junior Red Cross has been esraldished in the Westfield Schools with 100 per cent memhership for all. When it was started, Mrs. Fuller was made chairman, hut she found it necessary to resign and Miss Lennox was chosen to take her place. W ' ith all efforts for the armed forces, the Homemaking girls, under Mrs. ’rooman, are making htdsidelits for personal articles, Hanne 1 hags for hot water bottles and will start scrap hooks soon. I ' he .Ag hoys, under Mr. Wright, will make lap hoards. I hese v.ill go to our hoys in several hospitals. ST.A.NDING: Shirley D ibble, Jean Bennett, Jl’illiam Mc¬ Mahon, Charles Bohn, Sue Rosel. SF.XTKI): Betty Baran, Miss Lennox, Eleanor Kur¬ gan. B. CK row: James Hall, Stanley Kaiser, Thomas Hopson, .Irthur Kester, Mil¬ ton Nash, JVilliam Lloyd, John Bozven, Henry Roll- man, Clarence Saxton. FRONT row; Richard Oss- man. Dale Bowen, George Holcomb, Norman JVheeler, Mr. If’right, Theodore Bar- low, Elmer Allen, James Eggert, John Ossnian. iyijw mf The WTstlield Chapter was organized in 193.1 and has been one of the most active organizations in school. The club is made up of farm boys studying Vocational Agriculture. It has fostered and encouraged leadership and co-operative educational and recreational activities. During the past year the chapter has had the honor of having two Empire State Farmers. An annual event for the club has been to hold a variety show. Many of the members have exhibited projects at the county fair and have received numerous prizes. Several trophies have been won in judging and chapter contests. WESTFIELD FUTURE FARMERS 41 SCRIBBLERS CLUB 1943-44 4 ' liis year marks the thirteenth anniversary of Scribblers, founded by our former English teacher, Miss Shepard. The club was or¬ ganized to give an opportunity for creative expression for those pupils who like to write. In the past, as in the present. Scribblers’ has had among its members clever writers with an abundance of originality and a knack for putting their thoughts on paper. Some thoughts and expressions come out in the form of a poem, others in an essay, or still others in the story form. No matter what form it takes, it somehow throws light on the character and personality of the writer. I ' he members of Scribblers’Club are indeed grateful lor this privilege of sell-expression. standing: Ann Morgen- stern, Clara Ann Newell, Jean Bennett, Alice Brown, George JVeierbach, Janet Burleigh, Lyman Letgers, Hazel Ticknor, IFyllian King, Helen Laughlin, IVillman Brown, seated: Lucille Jackson, Robert Har¬ ter, Miss Shipherd, Alan Sparks, Jean Webster. standing: Richard Morgen- stern, Dale Sherman, Will- man Brown, seated: Shir¬ ley Dibble, Gloria Eggert, Miss Shipherd, Mrs. Trump, Alice Brown, Mar¬ garet Jackson. I his year there was newly organized an assembly committee for the purpose of planning entertainment for the student body. Two representatives from each high school class, with Mrs. Trump and Miss Shipherd as advisors, compose the committee. Because organ¬ ization did not occur until several months of school had elapsed, active planning did not begin until the second semester, although the seniors presented an entertainment the first semester. The various organizations’ programs haveincluded plays, radio programs, quizzes, music, a panel discussion, and original writings. Responses to these assemblies attested the appreciation of the student body. ASSEMBLY COMMITTEE 42 HI-Y Since its foundation in Westfield High, many years ago, the Hi-Y has consistently been one of the really outstanding clubs in school. In sports, social activities, and school spirit the Westfield chapter of this great world-wide organization has yearly proved its merits for top honors. Each year has been marked by at least one outstanding event. In answer to the pleas of the student body the Hi-Y responded with a successful St. Patrick’s Day Dance. This was the only formal dance held for the students outside of school for many years and we hope a precedent has been established. The annual Mother and Son banquet, a tradition in Westfield Hi-Y, was again enjoyed by all. Our sponsor, a true sportsman, organized during the winter months several fox hunts, which had the hearty approval of all participants. In the fall at the sectional Hi-Y Assembly, in Fredonia, our Vice-President, Hayden Hanks, was elected permanent chairman of the assembly and Paul Johns reader of bills. Following this, Lyman Legters and Paul Johns went to the State Hi-Y Assembly at Albany as club delegates. Other meetings are memorable because of lively discussions, the trip through the community power station conducted Mr. Macer, and supper meetings. For the most part the organization’s success is due to the wise and unselfish guidance of our sponsor, who has devoted seven years of friendship and under¬ standing to the club. He has been staunchly behind the numerous accomplishments of the club and is responsible for the many good times. Whether fighting on foreign soil or at home the fellows will never forget Earle Brooker, the backbone of the Westfield Hi-Y Club. standing: Andrew Lull, Clarence Ileider, Paul Johns, Roy Cleveland, William Lloyd, Donald Stafford, Elmer Allen, Willman Brown, Asa McKinnis, Howard Bartley, second row: James Hage, James Waterman, Joseph Canale, George Holcomb, Charles Crim, George Weierbach, Robert Harter, Marc Waite, seated: Alan Sparks, Hayden Hanks, Mr. Earle Brooker, Lymen Letgers, Gordon Beckman. 43 L. Reach! M. Bi leaguers. N. Bat bov ' . O. What an angle. B. Fritz the killer!! y. It’s a left to the 44 Present Baseball Team PHYSICAL EDUCATION The Girls’ Physical Education Department started off with a bang this year. The girls did more marching and calisthenics than they ever did before. Physical fitness tests were given during the year, which resulted in a remarkable showing for some students. The girls especially enjoyed the dancing classes. For a few weeks they devoted their whole class periods to the Highland Fling and the Joanne, which will constitute the program for the Spring Demonstra¬ tion. The extra-curricular activities got under way with the Sport Coun¬ cil. The girls enjoyed bowling after school at the YMCA. Class basketball teams were chosen and a series of games played. Now the main interests are volleyball and softball. The credit for such an enjoyable, well-rounded year goes to our leader, Mrs. Plumley. This year the Boys’ Physical Education Department of Westfield High School has continued the Physical Fitness Program as instituted by our State. The need for physically fir young men in the armed forces was foremost in determining the gymnastic program. Included in the program was jumping, vaulting, dropping, and ladder and rope climb¬ ing. Regular group calisthenics constituted at least half of the classes’ activities. Conditioning exercises were usually followed by basketball dodge ball, or volleyball. Occasionally military drill was practiced to familiarize everyone with its technique. With the arrival of spring and good weather, baseball took the classes outside. The majority of the boys have realized and fully appreciated the benefits derived from this accelerated program. Former students, now Mr Konstanty members of our armed forces, visited school and expressed high ad¬ miration for our high school physical education. A T R « Pt itmi t- ' v Today, more than ever before, emphasis is placed on the physical well being of school students. For this reason, our community has seen the need for a school nurse, not only to see to the needs and ills of students but to those of the community as well. Under the careful supervision of the State Department of Health, children who are absent from school three days are required to be examined by the nurse before entering classes. This prevents the spread of colds and other more serious diseases. Medical care for the needy is also at¬ tended to in the community. This work is under the careful super¬ vision of our town health officers. Besides her usual work, the nurse has been teaching classes in first aid—The Aidettes. Members are learning how to make beds, care for the sick, and roll bandages. It has proven to be of great help. Recently tuberculosis X-rays were taken. Those taking the tests included a great number of school students, workers in local indus¬ tries, and town citizens. Miss Buckley as nurse, deserves great credit for her patient, un¬ tiring work with us this year. Miss Buckley 45 BOYS’ BASKETBALL FIRST TEAM Charles Crim Joseph Canale Alan Sparks Donald Mutch Gordon Beckman Leonard Balsano Ralph Meyers James Gervaise Melvin Perdue Henry Canale 46 CHEERLEADERS Marie Baideme, Shirley JFeatherup, Lyneite Milligan, Frances LaPorte, Mary Dazvley, Frances Balsano. BACK row: William Kincaid, Joseph Guido, William Ireland, David Spencer, Joseph Gervasi, Philip Edson, Robert Neill. FRONT row: Robert Watson, James Garlson, Henry Canale, Peter Baideme. RESERVE BASKETBALL TEAM +7 P. You think of sometliing!! O. Nit-wits. K. Hi, Nancy. S. Minle. Paderewski.? 1. All right girls—(juit writing notes! U. Extra “Little.” V. A study in art!! W. “Deep Knee Rend” Konstanty. 48 GIRLS’ SPORTS COUNCIL About eleven years ago the girls of Westfield High School had varsity teams to compete in sports with other schools. When these were discontinued, Miss Jeanne Dieffenbach, physical education instructor, formed a girls’ sports council to keep girls’ athletics alive. This council was composed of a group of girls whose purpose was to organize and govern the extra-curricular athletic program. Today there are fourteen members, four from each of the upper classes and two from the freshman class. The officers for nineteen forty-three and forty-four are Nancy Johnson, President; Ruth Schuette, Vice-President; Janet Burleigh, Secretary, and Shirley Dibble, Treasurer. It is through the Girls’ Sports Council that the awards are made to the girls who earn them. A pennant denotes four years of work, a letter three years, an emblem two years, and an armband one year. A girl who has earned a letter and has an academic average of eighty per cent is eligible for the Girls’ Loyalty Award. This is a silver pin presented to one girl each year by tbe Sports Council. BACK row: Jean Webster, Jean Bennett, Anne Bornand, Helen Laughlin, Jean Allen, Eleanor Decker, Roberta Gundlach. front row: Patricia Minton, Janet Burleigh, Nancy Johnson, Mrs. Plumley, Shirley Dibble, Esther Farr, Pauline Bennett, Ruth Schueile. 49 GIRLS’ R. A hiinring we will go. S. l.ovely ladies. T. Are they yoiir’s George? U. Street scene. V. Freshmen—morons. W. Flurry up—you’ll be late. X. Guess where? Y. Hombres. Z. Future Seniors? A. Watch Out, Kiddies. 50 SPORTS 0. SQUAWK! Z. Lovely wall paper X. I like you—may I speak? E. Future Farmer. K. Horses? E. Charlie’s Sth Avenue Bus. F 1, 2, 3, ompslia! A. Big and Little Y. Frosh “Ferns.” I. Maurice’s Broadway Taxi. 51 52 m A. 1, 2, 3, start sawing. B. Working hard.? C. “ I hat’s why daddy loves yon. 1). All right, you can close your mouth now. E. i ' o—heave—ho. F. “I’ll break your head!’’ Cl. Sleeping beauty. H. Salvage drive. I. Zowiel! J. Hi John. K. Who’s Louie? 53 Most of us get ideas. We hear of some new scientific discovery—or, some improvement in machinery—or, some new product. How many of us do anything about those “ideas’’. In France, in the early’60’s, lived Louis Pasteur, a young scientist with an idea. He was ridiculed and driven from the Academy of Science of France, in disgrace. But Pasteur, be¬ lieving in his ideas, lived to see the day, in 1865, when he could announce triumphantly to the world the principles of destruction of fermentation—known as pasteurization. Four years later (1869) Dr. Welch, in the kitchen of his home in Vineland, N. J., put into practice the principles of pasteurization in preserving grape juice against fermentation. This was to be the beginning of the Grape Juice Industry—the first fruit juice in America to be made and sold to all parts of the globe. Welch’s Grape Juice is a liquid food, rich in health-giving properties and a fine source of energy. It has more natural fruit sugar than most fruits. This fruit sugar (dextrose) has the most peculiar property of being easily and quickly assimilated into the blood stream, thus quickly giving renewed vigor. For many years the Welch Company has annually spent thousands of dollars to develop new markets and expand the use of grape juice. Constant research both by Welch chemists and outside laboratories has developed many new values and uses for grape juice. Following the research work Welch has gone to further expense to develop markets for grape juice by advertising and telling consumers about the new discoveries and values of grape juice. Thus, not only did Dr. Welch start the great grape juice industry but the Company has through years of continuous work built the grape juice industry which is in strong competition for the consumer’s dollar with the many other fruits and fruit juices on the market today— grapefruit, oranges, pineapple, etc. “the Welch fape Juice 54 FARR LUMBER COMPANY ! MURRAY Hill FOR MILL WORK AND BUILDING SUPPLIES The Hotel with Spacious Dining Room and Lobby We cater to banquets, parties weddings, dinners - It SEE US Try Our Fine New Dance Floor Compliments Compliments of of Jhx Westfield Wayside £hjdthk Qo, Furniture Co. M 17 E. Main St. Phone 262 217 East Main St. Westfield, N. Y. Phone 338-J 55 C ompii imen B, Town 56 Best Wishes to the Seniors FENTON TIRE SHOP At the Richfield Station ELMER ALLEN John Deere Tractors and Implements GIBBS’ INSURANCE AGENCY General Insurance SHOES Our Stock is Complete G. G. Gibbs Stanton W. Gibbs C. F. PRATT CO. Compliments of GRANTS THE OLYMPIAN for Refreshments 41 E. Main St. Compliments of GREENE’S ELOWER SHOPPE Compliments of ELLIS BROS. 57 VINE CITY DAIRY Serving JVestjield Every Morning Since 1920 9-11 Holt St. Westfield, N. Y. Compliments of HARRIS D. MEAD MILLER’S WESTFIELD DEPT. STORE DRUG STORE Home of The Famous Berkshire Hose Compliments Compliments of of HOME RESTAURANT SERVICE HARDWARE CENTRAL MARKET E. L. KINGAN CO. Groceries—Meats and Vegetables C. P. ScHLICK, Prop. PRESCRIPTION DRUGGISTS 37 East Main Street Phone 180 15 E. Main St. Westfield, N. Y. 58 Compliments WESTFIELD TELEPHONE of COMPANY JOHN ALEXANDER READY AT YOUR RING 1 Compliments of EAY-USBORNE CO. Compliments of MOOSE LODGE No. 118 Westfield, N. Y. Congratulations to the Compliments Senior Class of 1944 of JONES MEN SHOP RILEY’S GARAGE M Compliments Compliments of of PAT’S DINER THE VOGUE 59 WESTFIELD REPUBLICAN COMPLETE PRINTING The Food Industry Needs Full and Part Time Workers THE ARMY AND CIVILIANS MUST BE FED SERVICE Enlist Your Services ROOD McLEAN FRULT PRODUCTS COLLEGE ANNUAL BUILDERS 60 THE DU BOIS PRESS COLLEGE ANNUAL BUILDERS ROCHESTER. N. Y. I - - V . . J -..m ' V ' ' ' u ' i-A-dCi . . .j it . V;. ' - ' • fc ' ' ♦ • 2. ’ j tv I.- •, ■♦ . V ..■ -I., t ■: . f ' . V. ■ .i It- ' ' ' v •jaiPJk ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ’■• ' ' -f rPM ' ■ ' ■■ ■ - %r ' ' % I ■ «■