Westdale Secondary School - Le Raconteur Yearbook (Hamilton, Ontario Canada)

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may surprise youl established lawyer does not make more than 957,000.00 a year. There are three main types of lawyers. These are: civil, criminal and corporation. The civil lawyer deals with damage suits, contracts, leases, wills, and trusteeships. He may also handle breach of contract suits, and claim collections. The criminal lawyer deals with criminal of- fences against society, either defending or prosecuting the accused. Although he is prob- ably the best known, the criminal lawyer is not necessarily the best ipaid, because he may get only one good case a year, while the other types are assured of a somewhat steadier in- come. The corporation lawyer acts as the agent and legal adviser for companies in various business dealings. He is usually paid an an- nual income and is much surer of his take- home pay than the criminal lawyer. Two Hamilton lawyers became famous, but for entirely different reasons. The late C. W. Bell, one of the coun?try's best known criminal lawyers, was also a playwright. He wrote Parlor, Bedroom and Bath , a comedy that has been translated into 27 languages and has been played in every country of the free world. The late Sir John Gibson was author of the Child's Protective Act in 1891. This is still used as a pattern throughout the World. Because of their training and interests, it is not unusual to find members of 'the law profession playing an important role in com- munity activities. When we pause and reflect that 20 of the 33 Fathers of Confederation were lawyers, it is easy to understand that a tradition of serv- ice to the community is one of long standing. In Canada, the practice of law is an honour- able profession. John Burgess, 11G3. 0 , 4 If , K 0' X ogy? l'5HTHEq, ' ..L 2 i,P7rx.0M 422 :L4 6 Q or'ON 5 ,Z ' -.a . mil . JM, PERFUME The other day as I was browsing around the perfume department of one of our large stores, I noticed a very confused young lady. She just couldn't decide which perfume to buy. Since she seemed so very confused, I, being such an expert, decided to offer my services. Perhaps, if she knew a little about perfum.e, she would be better able to decide. In any case, its story is fascinating. Somewhat dazed, she agreed to listen. Well, I began, I suppose we should start at the beginning. Surprisingly enough, it was the men who started the whole thing. The earliest priests offered incense and other such odourous sacrifices to the gods. Later, as these priests became the village doctors, they used these perfumes as healing oils. However, this isn't as wonderful as it seems, for these per- fumes were sickly sweet and, since the priests prepared them themselves and therefore always had a ready supply, they used them a bit too lavishly. As its fame grew and grew, the women nat- urally became interested. Cleopatra was the first known woman to use perfume to beguile a man. Although, actually, if truth be known, Antony was probably just overcome from lack of air. The importance of perfume grew and grew until, in such countries as Persia, men and women both bathed in perfumes and scented oils instead of water. At this, my new friend looked at the price tag on the tiny bottle in her hand. Obviously only the very wealthy could afford this luxury. But then she put her puzzled look into words: Just why is perfume so expensive? Well, when you realize just what goes into every bottle, it is easily seen why the price is fairly high. Of course, the original scent of every per- fume comes from a flower or plant. Every flower which has an odour contains certain oils which produce this odour. That is, when you smell a rose, you smell, not the flower, but the oils in it. These oils must be extracted to form part of the perfume. Next are added parts of some animals. At this my audience, which now numbered about ten, grew aghast. Animals, in per- fumes! Why of course! Most of us already know that certain parts of certain whales are used in the better perfumes, but it is a relatively unknown fact that the muskrat or musk deer, the civet from Africa, and even our lowly beaver contribute of themselves to making us more attractive. Finally, gums and resins from certain plants and trees are added. These ingredients are gathered from all over the world.

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FREEDOM OF THE PRESS The first thought that came into my mind was: What does freedom of the press really mean? It could be said that there is a free press in any country where reporters and edit- ors may freely travel aboult in their investiga- tions and may freely report what they dis- cover, no matter how embarrassing such dis- closures may be to specific individuals or groups. This, of course, should not extend to special privileges such as the privilege of ig- noring or going against the law of the land. Such is the story of the man arrested for swinging his arm in a crowd and hitting an- other man on the nose. When he appeared in court, he asked indignantly: Why, judge, haven't I got the right to swing m.y arms in a free country? To which the judge replied: Your right to swing your arm, sir, ends where the other man's nose begins. Ten dollars, please. The freedom of the Press is not a special right given to reporters and editors, but it is an extension of the general rights enjoyed by the people of the country. Therefore, a re- porter may go as far as any other citizen in investigating and commenting on what he finds but no further. Many years ago, before one could publish any article, a special license had to be obtain- ed. This license could be easily taken away and, as you can see, limited what was distrib- uted among the people. John Milton, one of Britain's great poets, was one of the first to successfully attack this system. Soon after, in 1695, this act was abolished. This meant now, that no prior permission was needed from the crown or government to publish an article. Curbs, however, continued in the law. One man was noted to have said: Whatsoever a man publishes, he publishes at his own peril. In Canada, there is a wide area of press freedom, and as long as the reporter steers clear of libel, sedition, and contempt of court, he is free to report on almost anything in the country. Comparing the cost of a newspaper today and yesterday proves interesting. There was a time when an editor with a handful of type and several hundred dollars could start his own newspaper if 'he wished. Now, a daily newspaper in Canada represents an investment of several million dollars. How, then, is the newspaper to be financed and still maintain its free press? There are three basic ideas. If the subscriber were to pay a part of the actual cost of the newspaper, you can see how unwieldy and fantastic the prices would be. Remember the old saying: He who pays the piper calls the tune. In other words, if a certain government or political party were to finance the newspaper, the news distributed to the people would be prejudiced. Third and perhaps the best ideas for financ- ing a newspaper comes from advertising revenue. This revenue, in turn, comes from large corporations and wealthy landowners. In this way, the freedom of the press is not hin- dered and the actual cost of the newspaper to the subscriber is small. Never before in our history has there been such a need for accurate information. The duty of the press to give us a truthful, intel- ligent and comprehensive account of the day's happenings has never been greater. Some people feel that, in our concern that the press be free , we have given too little thought to seeing that it uses its freedom wisely. In Canada, there are four basic freedoms, these being, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom to vote for whom one pleases, and free- dom of the press. Without one, the others cannot stand. Margaret Young, 10:3:12. LAW AS A PROFESSION IN CANADA The practice of law is one of the world's oldest professions. Originally, laws were made and enforced by tribal chiefs and their advis- ers, but with the coming of civilization and a larger population, laws became complicated, and such things as the Magna Charta and Bills of Rights were needed. The first law courts in Canada were military, with the civil courts coming later. Qualifying as a lawyer in one province of Canada does not necessarily mean qualifying in another, although the laws are similar in all provinces except Quebec where, for example, they have notaries who handle problems not requiring lawsuits. To enter the law -profession in Ontario re- quires certain things, whicih are: 1. A degree in Arts f1'om an accredited uni- versity. 2. Mental alertness. 3. Willingness to work. 4. Good character. 5. Good health. 6. The candidate must have Canadian citizen- ship or he must be a British subject. The main training, after university, consists of a four-year course at law school. This course consists of two years of lectures, one year in the service of a solicitor, and a final year which is a combination of intensive lec- tures and a period of apprenticeship in the office of a practicing lawyer. The annual tuition fees range from 35450.00 to 35800.00 Salary in the early years when the lawyer is setting-up his practice ranges from 83,000.00 to 36,000.00 annually. This salary may vary from place to place, but the average Cand this

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Through the years these have been the main components of perfumes. However, in the past few decades, chemistry has come along and literally stuck its nose in. Nowadays, most perfumes are compounded of many syn- thetics and chemicals as well as the natural ingredients. Just then a bright young man in my audi- ence piped up with: But just what are per- fumes used for? Well, We have already seen how the early peoples used them. Then, in medieval days, it was used to cover up the fact that very few baths were ever taken. However, nowadays it is used mainly to attract the opposite sex. You see, it is not only the women, but also the men who follow Cleopatra's methods. All shaving creams and soaps are scented, and I'm sure that every man present has at least one bottle of shaving lotion or cologne. However, in the past few years perfume has come into its own. Indeed, it pops up in the most unsusipected places. For instance, insecticides, toothpastes, rubbers, plastics, glues, and even shoe polishes are given par- ticular odours either fto attract the buyer or to mask worse odours. It is interesting to note that the inside of new cars is sprayed with the smell of new leather to attract the buyer. So you see, perfume surrounds us. Just then I noticed that the the original young lady was gone. Further investigation showed 'that she had bought three 'bolttles and hurried on home to try them out. Quite the saleswoman, aren't I! Linda Minnes. GRADE 10 JOURNEY INTO TIME It was my good fortune to be studying aft an unknown research centre in eastern Russia when the most ingenious device ever created by man was put into operation. One would immediately think, by this last statement, that I was present when a human being was shot into space inside of a guided missileg but I think I witnessed a more fascinating event - the perfection of the time machine! Since I was an apprentice to the professor, I was ap- pointed to give it a try. I was allowed to pick the era which I would like to visit. I chose the turn of the 21st cen- tury, 'because I was curious to see if there would still be an Earth in the troubled years to come. I climbed inside the machine, and in a few seconds I felt a terrific impact on the side of my container. Then everything went black. .I After what seemed to be an eternity, I slow- ly regained consciousness. I opened the door of the Time Machine and stepped out. I could hardly believe my eyes! Here was Utopia, the searched-for, the promised land, a land flow- ing with milk and honey. The streets were paved with gold, but no vegetation was to be seen. Soon I saw an Earthling - or was it? It seemed to be a god. And then I saw those beautiful white wing! I suddenly felt filled with joy. I was in Heaven! But I im.medi- ately felt sorry for Professor Irkutsk. He had not yet perfected his invention. Bonita Gilson, 10:3:5. THE TIRED JOURNALIST He sat in front of his old friend, the type- writer, and wondered where his next meal was going to come from. The cracks on the ceil- ing took shape, and were immortal souls, look- ing d-own at him and pitying him. No! He cried out against those immortal souls. Do not pilty me! I have no use for pity! I want fame, what writer doesn't want fame, strive and starve for fame? He badly Wanted fame . . . Shakespeare did, so did all the great Writ- ers of those days. Well, I do too! Not fame, John, but a work with which you will be satisfied. The cracks on the ceiling brought this message to him. Then he knew they were right. He wanted a satisfying work, just as he always had, ever since the time in school when he 'had read Shakespeare and longed for the power of expression that man had. Then he would day-dream, and see him- self as a famous writer, spurting out power- ful messages to the human race. Then he had worked toward that goal, get- ting a job and writing in his spare time till he could make a living writing. Now it was his work, his life, and he was completely ab- sorbed in it. Now, when he needed his power most, it failed him. He could just stare into space and think back on his career. Necessity is the mother of invention. This is very true, for when a man such as John is starved for food and writing, he must think of something. The thought came from the cracks in the ceiling. Write your auto-