West Virginia University School of Medicine - Pylon Yearbook (Morgantown, WV)

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Top: William Harvey (1578-1657), discoverer of the circulation of the blood, studying the flow of blood in the veins. Top: Ephraim McDowell (1771- 1830) treating tumor of the ovary by the first removal of this organ. Bottom: The Reverend Stephan Hales (16771761) making the first measurement of blood pressure, us- ing the direct method on a horse. Bottom: Ignaz Scmmelweis (1818- 1865) instituted methods of pre- venting childbed fever, thus saving the lives of thousands of mothers. T Top: The development of dentistry as a modern science began with the writings and practice of Pierre Fau- chard (1678-1761), who is depicted examining a patient. Top: The American William Beau- mont (1785-1853) advanced physi- ology by his study of the digestive processes in the living stomach of Alexis St. Martin after a healed shotgun wound left a permanent opening. Bottom: Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) inoculating a dog with rabies virus via a hole bored through the skull- — part of an experiment to develop a rabies vaccine. Bottom: Wilhclm Roentgen (1845- 1923) discovered the X- ray in 1895. The panel shows the fluoros- cope which uses X-ray in the exami- nation of the interior of the living body. y i

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Top: Hippocrates (460-370 B.C.) Father of Medicine . Hippocratic medicine ' s chief concerns were the patient and diagnosis and treatment based upon observed facts. Top: Pharmacy. The Apothecary. And thou shalt make ... an oint- ment compound after the art of the apothecary. Exodux 20:25. Bottom: Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) Comparative anatomist and em- bryologist. Bottom: The Old Testament legis- lated social hygiene for the good of the individual and the community. Top: Benvenutus Grassus (circa 12th Century) made studies on the structure of the eye. His writings were the acknowledged text on ophthalmology for 500 years. Dissection and anatomical illustra- tion in the renaissance when anato- my became a science through dis- sections of the human corpse by Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564). Bottom: A Deaconess in a medieval hospital carrying out Christianity ' s essential aim . . . the assistance of the sick ... a work of human and divine pity . Castiglioni : L. i

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THE OATH OF HIPPOCRATES Chosen by the class of 1980 to recite at the Investiture Ceremo- ny in May as they begin their careers in Medicine I swear by Apollo the physician, by Aesculapius, Hygieia, and Panacea, and by all I hold most sacred that according to my ability and judgement I will keep this oath and this stipulation: That I will be loyal to the profession of medicine, and just and generous to its members. That I will lead my life and practice my art in uprightness and honor. That into whatsoever home I shall enter, it shall be for the good of the sick and the well to the utmost of my power, and that I will hold myself aloof from wrong and corruption and from tempting to vice. That I will exercise my art solely for the care of my patients and the prevention of disease, and will give no drugs and perform no operation for a criminal purpose and far less suggest such thing. That whatsoever I shall see or hear of the lives of men which is not fitting to be spoken, I will keep inviolably secret. While I continue to keep this oath inviolate may it be granted to me to enjoy life and the practice of the art, respected by all men in all times! But, should I trespass and violate this oath, may the reverse be my lot! Hippocrates (ca. 400 B.C.)