Wayne State University School of Medicine - Yearbook (Detroit, MI)

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PHYSIC L MEDICINE A D REHABILITATIO n A A Q . 'A I 'i . 4 N 2 ' 1-5 Si:- 'M 1' ., , .,,. 'l Qf i1..W' .1 gT,if'TfJv l' f Saint Martin and the Beggarn portrays clearly an ambulation aid of great antiquity. The artist, Geertgen Tot Sint jans, was born in Haarlem about 1465. This picture closely resembles the work of glans, and is 'fattributedn to him, but may be the work of an unknown Dutch follower OLDEST OF HEALING ARTS One of the oldest medical arts in existence is the newest medical specialty-Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Accepted as a certified specialty in 1947, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation has in one form or another been practiced since the times of the early Egyptian empires. Drawings of prosthetics have recorded their usage back to ancient times. The Egyptians and other early cultures worshiped the Sun God as their god of healing and health. Exercise, sunlight, massage and electrotherapy were practiced by many of the leading figures of history such as Hippocratesg Ambroise Baruch, famed Barber Surgeon , Benjamin Franklin, john Wesleyg and Simon Baruch, the father of the noted philosopher, Bernard Baruch. The senior Baruch is considered the 'Lfather of modern Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. All five generally accepted subdivisions of Physical Medicine have had curious and historically interesting stories of their usage in times past. ' The first primitive man who crawled into the sunshine to receive the benefit of its warmth and vitalizing effect unwit- tingly started the practice of lzeliolhempy. The first man who bathed a wound in some woodland stream unknowingly instituted the practice of hydmllzerapy. The first man who rubbed a bruised muscle unconsciously introduced massage mechanollzerafly. Eleclrolherapy was allegedly inaugurated in the reign of the Roman Emperor, Tiberius C14-37 A.D.l. At about the time when jesus of Nazareth was crucified, Anthero, a freedman, during a walk at the Seashore, stepped on a torpedo Can elec- trified fishl and was thus freed of gout' Hot baths have been used for centuries as treatment for disease, introducing lhermollzerapy. Sk ik is ik of about 1490. A Q-as LQ Early experiments to stimulate paralyzed muscle with the aid of electricity. 54 ease The Baumann Archi i.

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J ',,.. .Q x N .X grit X MANN, .Con -ttf, l.aryr1tgqu.vmpf'fitted up to old time oil lamp. The light of the lamp is received on a mirror from which it is reflected on to a small mirror which is introduced into the fauces of the patient, and from this mirror again the light is thrown down upon and into the larynx. As soon as it was recognized that deafness was due to either a defect in the con- duction of sound to the cochlea, or in the perceptive apparatus itself, attempts were made to correct the conduction defect surgically. The first attempt was made over one hundred years ago and was limited because of the small size of the structures involved andthe difficulty in controlling infection. Since the introduction of antibiotics and mierosurgery, considerable advances have been made in middle ear surgery. Before antibiotics were used it was not safe to remove the stapes for otosclerosis, because infection of the endolymphatie space inevitably led to meningitis. Even after the introduction of antibiotics it was con- sidered a hazardous procedure and was not done electively until 1955, when it was first removed and replaced by a prosthesis. This is now the standard method of treating conduction deafness due to otosclero- sis, and, although considerable improvements in technique have taken place, there is still no single procedure that is accepted as the best. Further technical develop- ments may be expected, but it is now obvious that the major research emphasis must be on the causes of the condition rather than on its treatment. N ask NJ'

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,I - , , K -V5-51 X 1 -:-LFJ. L 'T- . l.'.',,, -r:.: 'g .35-... . ' .-.r-..7..-' pf A -5 .ef -um I ff gc? 5 f M x . fl' v ' 1 f HYPO cAvs TVM 1' h mm .nfl ' .A'A'.'J: The Bcumann Archive Roman Baths. 2,1 fa.. V.. Jx ' 5?2?5: Q .zE:?W??3g4eI h fi .-'ff' BV ' 9 '7f'S'r1,,,- :-i 5' ig! .y. FF ' 1 S . . ..,., ,X J!!! The Beltmann Archive Hydrotherapy. Patient is showered and then body is rubbed with rough horse-hair gloves and brushed 55 until body is sore.