Wayne State University School of Medicine - Yearbook (Detroit, MI)

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1 Q I The Beumann Archive Faradising frontal head muscle of a patient. While the recognition of epilepsy and other neurolog- ical symptoms dates back to the writings of Hippocrates, trephination of the skull is believed by archeologists to have been practiced before this time. Clinical neurology as an organized specialty really began something over 100 years ago. The German neurologist, Romberg, made the first classification of neurological diseases in his textbook published inthe early l840's. ln the 1850's, Charcot in France began clinical corre- lation of neurological diseases with autopsy findings at the Salpetrierre in France. This was a huge custodial institution in Paris with abundant clinical material having terminal neurological conditions. Later Dejerine and others in France contributed to our knowledge of diseases of the peripheral nerve and muscle while Charcot was clarifying most of the disorders of brain and spinal cord. Other contemporary pioneers of Charcot were the founders ofthe English school, Sir William Gowers and I-Iughlings Jackson, whose major contributions were in the l860's. Goweris Manual of Neurological Diseases was probably the most influential document relating to the practice of Neurology in the English language and Hughlings kIackson's writings on epilepsy and related disorders were almost clairvoyant for their clinical in- tuition. These early workers carried clinical diagnosis and anatomical localization to the ultimate. At that stage Neurology was concerned with nosology, semeiol- ogy and correlated pathology rather than treatment. Since 1900, treatment in Neurology advanced with Sir Victor I-Iorsley in England who successfully removed tumors of the spinal cord and brain and later, Harvey Cushing in the United States made his contributions to Neurosurgery. The American school began in the 1930's and its contributions continue to this day. The main contribu- tion of the American school lies in three areas: lj New methods of ancillary diagnosisg 25 Advances in methods of treatment, 3D Basic contributions in neurochemistry, neuro- pharmacology, Virology and electron microscopy. A few examples of these American contributions will be cited: The clinical application of electroencephalography in the 'l930,s advanced our treatment and diagnosis of epilepsy. The diagnostic use of acceptable methods for arteriography, pneumoencephalography, electroenceph- alography, electromyography, and nerve conduction velocity were added in the next two decades. Neurochem- istry and muscle chemistry, along with electron micro- scopy defined new diseases of brain and muscle. The biochemical background of some forms of epilepsy and mental retardation were defined. A tool for studying neuropharmacology, neurophysiology and neurochem- istry in man was made possible by the development of a reliable method of studying cerebral blood flow and metabolism in man. There was a time when the neurologist was looked upon as a dreary cataloguer of incurable diseases. This is not so today. The majority of neurological conditions can now be diagnosed early and therapy begun. The toll of human life and prolonged human disability can now be significantly decreased. In the past three years the num- ber of practicing neurologists in the United States has increased by 4O'Mn and the number of Board certified specialists by 23'MJ in the same time period.

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DEPARTME T OF EURGLOGY m i TV I -rpg-it-4-Sl r i l l John Stirling Meyer, Chairman SITTING flelt to rightl: I. Wiederholt, H. Tellez, E. Gotham, J. Gilroy, ul.T. MCI-Ienry, MLS. Meyer, R.B. Bauer, A.D. Ericsson, D. Garwacki, G.A. Dakoske. STANDING Qleft to rightj: S. Tadjpour, D. Lustig, A. Kitamura, F. Nomura, K. Sakamoto, M. Toyoda, A. Kondo, R. Boulos, H. Kim, A. Pugcl, P.P. Miller, L. Fratila, P. Rodprasert, L. Andaya, T. Onuma, L. Lee, R. Bennett, V.N. Samuel, D. McClellan, G. Minnis. V

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DEPARTME T OF EURO URGERY NP. K l . , r .. 'J' 'X ff' 'Egl:Gg? .','. 'Q ' N ' ' 5 SITTING Cleft to rightb: O.U. Fernando, L.M. Thomas, E.S. Gurdjian, W.G. Hardy, L.K. Cheng. STANDING Kleft to rightjz R.Q. Sibayan, CLR. Bartl, A.L. Sarkissian, M. Croll, H.W. Schmidt.