WE RE EMBER ROTA, SPAIN , Rota is a small settlement on the coast of Spain and is primarily a naval base. It is near Cadiz whose history dates back to its founding by the Phoenigians circa 1100 B.C. Cadiz reached its zenith of prosperity and importance with the discovery of America when it became the European emporium for the new world. Cadiz has long been the center of the Spanish-Americ an trade though the commerce of the port was reduced with the separation of the Spanish Colonies. There is very little industry in the areas around Rota and Cadiz, the economy being based on trade with the U.S. and other American countries and on farming it being an area of great fertility. ISTANBUL, TURKEY Istanbul is the only city in the world located on two continents. Here Asia meets and mingles with Europe not only physically but culturally as well. The city is built on seven hills and is split into three different sections. The Bosporus, anarrow waterway which connects the sea of Marmarawiththe Black Sea, separates Asiatic and European Istanbul. The European side of the city is divided by an arm of the Bosporus, the fabled Golden Horn . A city of over two million people, Is- tanbul is the business, comercial and cul- tural center of Turkey. Istanbul began as a Greek settlement, founded in 685 B.C. as Byzantium. It was under the domination of Persia, Macedonia and Rome. In 423 A.D. the cityfell to Cons- tantine who renamed it Constantinople. The modernization of Turkey was started in 1908 and in 1924 the new Turkish Republic moved its capital from Constantinople to Ankara, and officially renamed the city Istanbul. Istanbul will be remembered chiefly for the unusually large number of American automobiles and the variety of foodstuffs available. Food specialties are Shish Kebab, Doner Kebab, Shish Koftesi fmeat roasted on a spitj, ZeytinyagliYaprak Dolmasi Qrice in vine leavesi, Pilic Dolma fstuffed Chickeny, Fish, -lobsters and steak, all served with sparkling wine or beer. SUDA BAY, CRETE Suda Bay is one of the many minor cities along the northern coast of Crete. It lies just east of the capital, Canea, in a splendid natural harbor which has been used by the British Navy as an operational base On several occasions but has not been devel- Oped into a port. The island of Crete has very little to offer in the line of interesting history. It was essentially an inhospitable land with little rainfall and few natural resources. 'R ie, During classical Greek times, Crete remained abackward, semi-barbaric region divided into numerous small sovereignties. The industry of Crete is virtually limited to the processing of agricultural products, olive and grape presses, cheese factories , flour mills , tanneries and the like. The Cretans are a very friendly people who enjoy the many outdoor cafes and taverns which abound along the city's main streets.
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i?alermo is the capital of Palermo Pro- when as well as Sicily. It is beautifully Situated on a bay of the Tyrrhenian Sea, at the foot of Mount Pellegrino. It is the seat of the regional government of Sicily and is the chief port with large Shipyards and a dry dock. The founding of Palermo is attributed to the Phoenicians. In the 5th century B.C. it passed to the Carthaginians and was subse- quently ruled, in turn, by the Romans, the Vandals, the Goths, the Byzantine Empire, the PALERMO, SICILY Moslems, the Normans, the Spanish and the Italians. In World War II, it was captured by the Allies in July of 1943. Palermo is more industrialized than other island cities. It produces steel, chemicals, cork, textiles, processed foods and wine. It is a rather large city and enjoys arelatively high standard of living. Much of Palermo was destroyed during World War II and very little remains to show its historic past. ATHENS, GREECE No other city in the world has had so glorious a history as Athens, the city of the goddess Athena. Blessed both by nature and the Gods, the city, during the classical era, attained the highest ideal of greatness, beauty and truth that has ever shone forthfrom human intellect and inspiration. Its history, as with many other ancient cities, is clouded by the mists of time but more than supplemented by colorful Greek mythology. Athens was inhabited at the end of the Neolithic Era, three thousand years before Christ. In the 7th century B.C. the Royalty system of ruling was replaced by a new con- cept - Aristocracy. After many years of Aristocratic Dictatorship came the ultimate concept of Athenian Democracy. Athens today is a city of rich contrast. One may sit in an ultramodern hotel and gaze out at the ancient buildings of the Acropolis. In all directions can be seen the evidence of the once gr e at civilization which inhabited this ancient land. The downtown area of Athens shows the contrast in narrow, winding streets occupied by modern stores and shops. The Athenian people are very friendly and kind and are fiercely proud of their heritage. They are a colorful people with a colorful language. Athens has other interesting places. There are flower filled parks and restaurants, espe- cially the picturesque taverns of the Placa, with their vivid color and romantic decoration where one may dine on squid or octopus served with golden vRetsina , the famous wine of Athens . VALENCIA, SPAIN Valencia, capital of a province of the same name, is located on the banks of the Guadalavia river on the east coast of Spain. It was an im- portant city in Roman times and was destroyed by Pompey in 75 B.C. and was long the capital of a kingdom of Valencia until unification into modern Spain in 1319. It is now a major city and a great tourist attraction noted for its fine silks ,leather goods , pottery and wines. It is a large city with many plazas or gar- dens throughout the downtown area. There are many fine night clubs which offer entertainment in the form of native dancing and singing. The city has a fascinating history but is re- membered by most Americans as the city El Cid saved from the Moors. The surrounding beaches make it an interesting sun bathing resort. The region around Valencia is inhabited by small farmers and much ofthe best land is already irrigated. The land is so fertile that its inhabitants call it A piece of Heaven on earth . GIBRALTAR Gibraltar is a combination of town, rock fortress and naval base. It is a British Crown Colony situated on a peninsula about two and thfee-quarter miles long and three-quarter miles wide. The colony has an area of two and 0116-quarter square miles and is joined to Spain by a low, sandy isthmus about a mile Iona and half a miie wide. Q The Rock of Gibraltar, a towering, jagged llmestone promontory, rises almost sheer at the north end of the peninsula and extends Swthward some two and a half miles. It has a maximum height of 1,396 feet. The Colony consists of the Northern Town, facing the harbor and including the business area, and the South Town, or civilian area. A Free Port, Gibraltar has an extensive ship- ping and transit tradeg is an important fueling station, and a popular tourist place. Its indus- tries are small and only of local importance. Gibraltar was captured by the English in 1704 and though attacked and besieged many times since they have held it. Tradition has it that the British will possess Gibraltar as long as the famous Apes inhabit the Rock.
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