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Page 26 text:
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:ot£o in the i V ' ' AMF OF F?r foK thfv iv SHAU- 22 STUDENT LIFE — Approximately $450 million con- doms were sold in 1987, as opposed to $212 million five years ago. — In laboratory tests the AIDS - causing HIV can’t penetrate nondefective latex condoms. — Tests of condoms in past included tests for leakage, “tensile strength and ultimate elongation, ’’and deteri- oration rates. — New tests instigated this year were an air burst test to see if con- doms can withstand rapid inflation, and tests for permeability, resistance to friction, and the effect of lubrica- tion and aging on latex. — As of October 31 the FDA had tested 78,238 condoms from sam- pling of 321 batches. —• Among those approved for sale, the FDA said the average rate of leakage has been 3.3 per 1,000. — The FDA also announced last spring that lambskin condoms can’t be labeled as helping to prevent sexu- ally transmitted diseases, including AIDS.
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Page 27 text:
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- 4 Tribune photograph by John Coffetn. It can be killed by a spot of house- hold bleach, yet it’s lethal once in- side the body. It attacks key com- ponents of the immune system, and cripples the very system which is sup- posed to destroy it. In this, the seventh year since it was diagnosed as '‘the cen- tury's greatest killer.” the AIDS virus has left conflicting images of advances and setbacks, fear and hope, and finally, life and death, in the minds of all the world. Many advances made this year were in the areas of genetic susceptibili- ty, vaccines, virus-slowing drugs, and detection methods. Researchers at St. Mary's Hospital Medical School in Lon- don determined that some people may be more susceptible genetically than others to the AIDS virus, possibly due to the inherited shape of a protein called vitamin D-binding factor. At Johns Hop- kins Hospital in Baltimore, three asymptomatic men who had tested posi- tive for AIDS, suddenly retested nega- tive, and with no explanation were en- tirely free of AIDS antibodies. Other ad- vances included several vaccines devel- oped to successfully produce AIDS antibodies, but had yet to be tested on the live virus. Some researchers expressed doubts about whether an effective vaccine could be developed against AIDS be- cause the cause of the disease is a retro- virus that mutates five times faster than the influenza virus • formerly thought to hold the mutation speed record. This doubt caused a renewed push toward de- velopment of drugs to at least hold the AIDS virus off. By the end of the year, the FDA had ap- proved about forty drugs for testing and, in four months instead of the usual twenty four, approved Zidovudine (formerly known as Azido- thymidine. or AZT) which would pro- long lives by hampering the replication of the AIDS virus. In addition, a new antibody test, in which a few drops of blood serum placed on a paper blotter containing chemicals would detect HIV antibodies within five or ten minutes, was developed by the DuPont Company. Not only was the new test faster than previous HIV tests, but also did not require refrigeration, making its use much more widespread. Despite the new developments in medicine and education, a powerful mix of fear and ignorance persisted. Ex- amples included Clifford and Louise Ray who tried in vain to send their three AIDS positive sons to school in Arcadia, Florida. The situation abruptly ended when the Rays moved to nearby Saraso- — Tin pi Tribune pU rogriph ty Robert Burke. ta after their house was burned by an ar- sonist. While 120 of the 615 students stayed away from school upon the ar- rival of the Rays in Sarasota, only a doz- en remained withdrawn after a week of attendance by the brothers. Fear was also present in a small Indiana town, when a swimming pool was closed for cleaning after an AIDS-positive man was seen swimming there. Support for those suffering from the disease however, increased with awareness of the seriousness of the situ- ation. At the Gay Rights March in Washington D.C., a massive quilt, the size of two football fields, was spread out. The quilt was pieced together from nearly 2.000 squares. Each square, bear- ing the name of an AIDS victim, was stitched together by relatives and friends of the deceased. The most significant AIDS news in 1987, however, was tragically not news at all. Since the disease first appeared, the infection rate has continued to rise with 45,000 people suffering from AIDS in the U.S. alone. With this increase came the first AIDS-related death in Congress when Connecticut Congress- man Stewart McKinney died from the disease. Another startling fact was re- vealed when the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) stated that before blood screening began in 1984, as many as 12,000 Americans inay have been in- fected by blood transfusions contami- nated with the virus. 1987 left Americans struggling not only with a disease still unchecked, but also a series of unresolved social issues. Said Daniel Callahan, director of the Hastings Center in New York, The AIDS crisis is revealing a lot about our- selves, our medical practices, our social values, our sexual morality, and finally, about the status of poor minority groups in this country.” Discover magazine may have sum- marized the situation best when they said, Among the tough questions Americans will continue to confront arc these: Who will absorb the high costs of treatment? Should AIDS testing be mandatory? Should insurance compa- nies be allowed to test for AIDS? Should children with AIDS be allowed in public schools? And how do we protect the pub- lic while preserving the civil rights and dignity of people with this devastating disease? Maybe next year these ques- tions will have answers. TOP LEFT: Demonstrators at gay rights march to protest lack of government funding for AIDS re- search. LEFT: The Ray brothers arc escorted to classes af- ter moving to Sarasota. Florida Although the chil- dren did not have AIDS, positive HIV status scared residents of Arcadia, Florida to the point where the family was forced to move. INSET: Researchers look at DNA for the answer to cure AIDS. STUDENT LIFE 23
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