University of San Francisco - USF Don Yearbook (San Francisco, CA)

Text from Pages 1 - 168 of the 1924 volume:

Z5o the Triends and Well-wishers of St.Ignatius College this volume is respectfully dedicated ► . Contents Mission Dolores (Verse) Solved by Radio (Story) Three Element Vacuum Tube Justice of the Desert (Story) Constancy (Verse) Respect for Law Disappointments (Verse) In the School of Experience (Story) A Wish (Verse) Fateful Ninth (Verse) Editorial........................ In Memoriam - - - Life's Joys (Verse) Alumni Notes -Law School Notes University Notes - Athletics........................ High School Notes ... High School Athletics Facing Frontispiece I 16 45 54 55 63 64 75 76 80 84 84 85 92 - 102 - 109 - 123 - 128 STAFF O’Neill A. Connolly. W. O’Brien. W. Coleman. J. RukkIoh. C. O'Brien. T. McQuaid. D. Doyle. K. Mission Dolores Clement Barry Reed, Law ’27 When first I saw thee through the fronded palms That deck the street where modern life holds sway, I smiled a bit, thou seemedst so old and wan, So out of place, the wreck of earlier day. Vet as I gazed upon thy graying walls And hells long voiceless at the vesper hour, A transformation broke upon my gaze, Thou art not old, or worn, or reft of power. Thy message is eternity, not time. Thy light irradiates supernal things; Thy calm is symbol of life’s work well done; The peace and rest which faith enduring brings. Dolores, rest thee in the twilight glow While lingering o’er thee Vesper’s star appears; Forgive the thoughtless carping of my mind; Unaged thy lessons in the aging years. Solved By Radio Norbert Fa I veil, High School 24 I. THE night was dark and gloomy without—Epsom Alexander was dark and gloomy without and within. Nature had done her part in imparting the ebony gloss to his body; fortune, cruel fortune, was responsible for the rest. The fire in the hearth was warm and bright; the sitting room comfortable; the chair, in which he sat, soft and yielding; the company, for there were two others present, chatty and even boisterous. But tin fire did not warm him or dispel his gloom; comfort had taken wings; the chair could be compared only to that of a condemned criminal; talk, and even laughter, only added to his misery. 4 Yhat troubled him?” you will ask. It was Euclid; the knotty problem of Euclid. It confused his mind, it made an ice chest of his breast, and yet. Luxor Dawes, whom he considered in everything but size to be his inferior, seemed to have solved it easily and satisfactorily. At least anyone would have thought so that had heard Luxor chat and laugh, as his great big eyes rested on Euclid. He himself seemed to have no doubt. Epsom would have gladly doubted, for Euclid was everything to him ; and he fretted to think that all his thoughts, and worry, and labor, had been in vain; and that he must cede the palm to his hated rival. Now, the Euclid that was bothering Epsom, was not the Euclid with whom we have wrestled more or less successfully in our high school days. Epsom had never heard of him; nor had the problem anything to do with any of the theorems invented by that old Greek to worry youthful hearts. His Euclid, the only Euclid, was Euclid Lillyfoot Moody, the third and principal part of the company; and the problem 8 THE 1GXATIAX that attracted him. puzzled him, urged him to desperation, though newly set forth in the gleam of the firelight, was nearly as old as the human heart itself. He had been the first to call upon Euclid that evening and had been well received. The problem then had simply been how to make two one. A word from Kuclid would have solved it. But the appearance of Luxor Dawes shortly afterwards had, for the time being, at least, robbed the problem of its simplicity for Epsom, and subsequent events only tangled it for the future. 11 is rival, on entrance, had shown a set of pearly teeth; Epsom's pearls could match them in lustre. His rival haw-hawed, Epsom did likewise. Euclid giggled. These were preliminaries. Then Luxor gently intimated in no uncertain terms that Epsom should vacate the chair at Euclid’s side and take his departure into the night. A matter of six inches excess in height and corresponding broadness of shoulders mutely added their persuasiveness to the suggestion. Euclid tactfully took the matter in hand. Epsom was to yield the chair; Luxor the matter of Epsom’s departure. While she was not averse to as many strings as possible on one beau, yet she preferred to have several beaux on one string. Epsom remained to constitute an audience. Euclid and Luxor held the center of the stage. Now it was not merely out of prudence and coquetry that the siren had given her decision; feminine curiosity was peeping from the background. Epsom had just informed her that he had become the possessor of a radio. It is true that it had long seen its better days; true that it ran about as smoothly as a badly spavined horse; true that it was liable to cough and sputter and wheeze at any moment; Epsom had been interrupted in speaking of its merits, was it any fault of his that he had not gotten down fully to details? His conscience clearly answered, “No.” Whatever its class was, it was a radio, and Euclid realized the social prestige she would acquire were it first exhibited in her home. So while she giggled and gurgled with Luxor and enjoyed SOLVED BY RADIO 9 the discomfiture and desperation of Epsom, she knew that she must not fro too far. Suddenly turning on Epsom what she had deeply planned to be a languishing glance, she said, “Whar'd you git dat radium motor?” “ Taint no motor,” mumbled Epsom. “It’s jess a plain talker.” “Well, whar’d you git it?” “Whar’d ye suppose?” “Stole ’em,” suggested Luxor. “Sure, if I was a nigger like—” Epsom stopped himself abruptly as he saw Luxor rising to his feet—“If,” he corrected, “1 was a cullud pusson like you.” “Gemnian,” said Luxor. “Gcmman,” echoed Epsom, though the echo was faint and far away. “Well, whar’d you git it?” repeated the charming Euclid with feminine persistency. Now, as there had been various shady transactions in the acquisition of that radio, which to his heart’s love he would have confided in private and perhaps met with her approval, Epsom objected to baring his conscience before Luxor. He hadn’t stolen the radio; No. He had just borrowed it for the occasion unknown to the owner. “But lie doan’ care for no such trash,” said Epsom in his heart, and in this case, perhaps, the owner didn’t. “I jess got it,” he said, “and I jess hab it, and dere ain’t nuffin’ more to it.” Luxor chuckled with a brother feeling. “And when vou’se gwine ter show me?” sweetly inquired Euclid. Now the light of her eye had dissipated the clouds in Epsom’s mind and the warmth of her interest had quickened his sluggish heart. His faculties began again to function. In fact they set up a pace that astonished their owner; just as an ice-bound brook amazes the beholder, when it swells, and races, and overflows in a springtime thaw. Doyle, J. Walsh. U. Bonn. I. SENIOR LAW Swim. M. Spear, S. Smith. L. Warrack. K. Cashin. E. O’Neill. T. Jacobson. H. Meadows. H. Malone. W. SENIOR LAW Ford. F. O’Sullivan. J Murphy, V. Bray. L Egan. H. Robinson. J. Bo!per, A. 12 THE IGNAT I AX ‘‘Jess you and me alone?” cooed the deceitful Euclid. “Not on your bottom dollar,” almost yelled the excited Epsom. Euclid gasped; her eyes were moons; her color as close to ashes as a sinking heart could lower it. Luxor struck his knee and writhed in joy and almost choked, as a guff a tv more hearty than the others caught in his windpipe. Euclid seized the opportunity benign nature unexpectedly had furnished. ‘ ‘ Not-me-an-y—you—” “No,” said Epsom, and his face was a sunburst. “Not me an you, but Luxor hyar an all yo frens, an ebrybody to do yo honor. Vo's jess a queen, Euclid, an doan' fergit it. Vo’ll come, ob course, Luxor?” Luxor would. Flattered as she had never been before, with gleaming eyes and glowing cheeks, striving to be impartial in her favors, yet serving only to fan the flames of jealousy more fiercely in the bosoms of her suitors, time sped fast for Euclid; and when that night her eyelids dropped softly into slumber, her last thought was of “dat radium talker.” II. It was a colorful company that gathered three evenings later in Euclid's sitting-room. The rainbow would have paled with envy. Invitations had been lavish, acceptances more lavish still, the neighborhood had considered the event an invitation. Teeth gleamed from the open windows; teeth occupied the doorways; teeth shone brightly in the genial moonlight. The three intervening days had been busy ones for Epsom. Consultation, practice, tinkering, practice, tinkering, consultation, persuasion, a few last touches, and all was ready. The room was packed, save that in the center, surrounded by a very meagre open space, sat Euclid immersed in bliss with Luxor on her left. Whether she really cared for him or not, is a point on which local historians are still divided, and careful investi- SOLVED BY BAD 10 13 •ration has never arrived at perfect certainty. Perhaps Kuclid herself didn't really know, and if she didn't, how can we? Hut what everybody did know was that she used, to the best advantage, the attentions showered on her by Luxor, as she allowed her eyes guilelessly to wander from face to face to catch here and there gleams of jealousy where something more positive and lasting could not be concealed. Strangely enough, Kpsom, who ought to be most concerned, who was indeed known to be most concerned, seemed to see nothing, and grinned in childish pleasure. 11 is audience secretly sympathized with his simplicity, and. as a sort of compensation, applauded louder. The radio was a bit hoarse, to say the least, but so were the voices of those who hummed an accompaniment to the popular airs. When it stopped and sputtered in the middle of a piece, it interfered rather rudely with the rhythm of their clapping or the pulsing of their feet. But when it started again they good-naturedly fell in and kept time with the measure. Living like sardines they enjoyed themselves like sardines, and, having paid nothing for their pleasure, the end of the entertainment alone could induce them to depart. They had become, however, a little listless during a classical rendition in which the wireless had seemed to sense its inappropriateness to the occasion, and had frequently broken down in consequence; but now it seemed to pull itself together as it sang out sonorously ‘‘The Life of a Bad Man.” Had all the company been in a circle with hands joined, and had a strong electric current darted through the circuit, the effect could not have been more startling. For a moment the windows and the door let in a breath of fresh air as troubled consciences sought the background; and those who were inside, and who, on account of the jam, could not even move, after a brief gasp, gazed in anguish from the instrument to Luxor and from Luxor to the instrument. Was he speaking, or was it the radio, or he speaking through the radio? The voice was his. Vet no one was more surprised 14 TIIE IG X AT I AS than Luxor himself; no one know less what he was going to say. or who the bad man was whose deeds he had singled out for the edification of his hearers. 11 is eyes wandered in helpless dismay over the fear depicted in many a countenance, and, perhaps he noted that more than one hand began to slide shoeward. Hut, lest by some mischance the voice should fail of recognition, the candid radio took upon itself the dispelling of all doubt, for the words came clearly: “Haw! Haw! Haw! Der ye know who Ah am? Luxor, Luxor, Late ob Alabam.” The author now was beyond dispute. Who-------? The radio supplied the answer. A sigh of relief circled the throng. ‘‘Ah’m gwine ter make a clean breast ob ma life,” it shrilled. “Ah’m der bad man, Luxor Dawes, an Ah’m proud ob it.” Husbands could again look into their wives’ eyes confidingly; lovers into their sweethearts’. They hastened to do so. Then all eyes were centered on Luxor as a focus. Ears were tingling for “the clean breast.” Not so, Luxor. The bad man on the radio and the bad man in reality were anything but sympathetic. “Stop dat machine,” he yelled to Epsom. “Stop dat machine or Ah’ll cut yo gizzud out.” Reproachful glances met him on all sides. Euclid tried to quiet him. He rudely repulsed her. The story of the bad boy leading up to the bad man had already begun. The audience was irritated at the interruption. “Ef Mist ah Dawes,” said a white-headed auditor rising, “will jess close dat mouf of his’n, we kin heah him bettar.” Whatever we may think of the consistency of the expression, the meaning was plain to the audience: A wire- less Luxor was not to be interrupted by a Luxor in the flesh. “Mistah Dawes hisself pussonallv,” said another politely rising, “Mistah Dawes hisself pussonally insisted on ma presence heah dis cbening. Ah hopes Mistah Dawes will reconsider his eonduck.” SOLVED BY RADIO 15 The feelings of those present towards Luxor were now anything but favorable. They had caught only individual words, “chickens.” “rabbits,” “dawg,” but they could easily supply the rest. “Cotched,” Ah! that was really bad; “Cotched agin;” amazement at his wickedness spread over their faces; “cotched a third time.” Alas! from early years he was surely headed for perdition. “An now Ah leabs de inncrcence ob ma childhood—“spoke the radio Luxor brazenly. But it seemed as if other forces were entering to prevent the cleaning of Luxor’s breast. “Ila! Ha! Ha! I’ve got the goods on you this time, Luxor,” shouted the wireless, “that bill you---” The scandalized machine stopped, but all had recognized the voice. It was the sheriff’s. Euclid fainted, women shrieked, pandemonium reigned. The crowd shrank from Luxor and he disappeared into the night. Epsom in a moment was at the side of Euclid. Her eyes, on opening, would gaze up into his. She would read his yearning there and murmur “yes.” She would ever think of the radio as her savior, and would never know that Luxor had never dreamed of clearing his breast through it, but that a clever impersonator bribed by Epsom, had—well—we allow the veil of charity to draw its sheltering folds around Epsom ’s conscience. The Three Element Vacuum Tube Edward Slater, ’23 D EKING the last few years such amazing steps have been made in tin science of thermionios that the student, is compelled to make more than usual endeavors to keep abreast of developments. In no branch has the progress been more phenomenal than in the perfection of the three element Vacuum Tube. This particular device is fully worthy ill importance, as regards all other material advancement, to be classed with the automobile, the steam engine, the dynamo, the aeroplane, or the telegraph. In the blaze of our own accomplishments we are prone to forget that it was through the efforts of such men as Hertz, the scientist and electrician, Richardson, who formulated the electron theory, Maxwell and a score of others that this ago of ours has been one of exceptional mechanical triumph. The three element Vacuum Tube consists of an evacuated glass container in which is a filament capable of being heated by the passage of an electric current. This constitutes the first element and is sometimes and more correctly styled the Cathode. The second element is known as the plate or Anode and consists of a metal plate on one or both sides of the filament or else a metal cylinder completely encircling it. The Grid is the name applied to the third element, so called because it is usually formed of a fine grid-like wire mesh interposed between the anode and the cathode with a purpose to control and vary the flow of electrons from one to the other. In the year 1886 a scientist. Geitel by name, discovered that a heated filament in a glass container would charge electrically a metal plate placed in proximity to it. The THREE ELEMENT VACITM TIRE 17 charge acquired in this ease was positive. Further experimentation proved that on increasing the heat of the filament the charge on the plate became less strongly positive and an evacuation of the container caused the plate to assume a negative charge. Edison noted that if a metal plate was mounted in an incandescent lamp a current would How between the plate and the filament if the plate was connected to the positive side of the filament but not if the same was transposed to the negative. This action has been known as the “Edison Effect.” In 1888 J. J. Thompson proved that electrons carried the current that flowed across the space between the filament and the plate and later Richardson explained this How and postulated that the particles in matter, even though solid, were in movement as are the particles in a gas, that these were restrained in their proper positions ordinarily but under influence of heat, etc., it is possible for particles or electrons to break from their parent nuclei, force their way through others of their kind, overcome surface tension and shoot out into space. The first scientist to apply these principles and discoveries was l)r. J. A. Fleming who by means of a device which he called an “Oscillation Valve” was able to detect electromagnetic fluctuations in a current. This “Oscillation Valve” was composed of a metal filament surrounded by a nickel plate in an exhausted glass globe. As a detector of electro-magnetic waves it was not a great success but because of the fact that in such a device the How of current is unidirectional. it finds wide application as a rectifier for both low and high alternating current voltages. The Tungar and Kenotron rectifiers sold on the market today have as an essential constituent a valve manufactured on the same lines as the original “Fleming Oscillation Valve.” Mention has been made of this particular piece of apparatus because it was the first great step that started others experimenting along the same lines by offering something tangible with which to begin their studies. It brought forcibly to the 18 THE 1GXATIAS experimenter tli ‘ tremendous possibilities tlmt were eon-neeted with it. In 190( Dr. Lee deForest was allowed a patent for a detector of electro-magnetic waves employing two electrodes in an open flame. One year later diligent endeavor on the part of this same gentleman had brought forth the real three electrode Vacuum Tube. Jt is well to understand at the outset that the vacuum bulb in this form was intended as a wireless detector but was subsequently found to function in a multitude of different ways. Some of the most important variations of actions will form the main body of this treatise. The major service performed by the tube is in wireless. It functions as a detector, an amplifier and an oscillation generator. The first two terms are self explanatory and by an “oscillation generator” is meant the tube when so acting that it generates radio waves of continuous amplitude and frequency. It is this last application that has made the radio phone so perfect and has caused the displacement of the old fashioned spark set in transmission of telegraphy and the substution of the new bulb Continuous Wave transmitter which is less costly, more silent, and possesses an efficiency that the old spark transmitters could in no way equal. We can attribute the rapid development of this device to nothing else but the fact that its applications are so numerous and so diverse and to its efficient action under varying conditions. It is truly an exemplification of tin fabled “Genic in a bottle.” The war added impetus to investigations that were already under way. There was a crying need for such a device and scientists of all nations delved deep into the subject of Thermionics. Important discoveries were made both in America and in Kuropc but on account of the absence of intercommunication no scientific data could be exchanged or no mutual hell) secured. However the result has becu so gratifying as to satisfy even the wildest hopes. The study is still THREE ELEMENT VACUUM TI RE If) very young and no one ean foretell just where the Vacuum Tube will next assume the star role. General Theory of the Three Element Vacuum Tube The basis of thermionic action is the Electron Theory as formulated by 0. W. Richardson. An electron is defined as “A natural unit of electricity,” or the amount of charge carried by an atom of any univalent substance. If an electron becomes detached from an atom, the electron, which possesses a negative charge, leaves the remaining part of the atom with a plus charge. This partial atom is known as a positive ion. In like manner if an electron is added to an uncharged atom it communicates to it a negative potential and the combination of the two is called a negative ion. In this branch of therm ionics the electron behaves as if it possessed mass and can be so treated; also we are to deal with electrons that possess motion, for a stationary electron would be of no concern in a device like the Vacuum Tube. “What causes the electron to loose itself from the matter from which it comes and what subsequently impels it to fly through space!” When an atom becomes heated the electrons which it contains begin to move with increasing rapidity in a manner that might roughly be compared to the currents started when water is being heated to the boiling point. If this heating is continued, as in water, to a certain stage the movement becomes so vigorous that a portion of the electrons break away from the atom like steam from the water. This results in the decomposition of the atom when it takes place in a solid but. of course, does not hold for the water analogy. Whenever an electron is in such motion it is accompanied by an electromagnetic field. In this an electron produces an effect identical with a current of electricity. Thus a charge moving with a certain velocity is equivalent to a current possessing a strength equal to the charge multiplied by the velocity. When a Vacuum Tube is employed in a circuit the latter consists of two parts namely the ordinary wire circuit and a 20 THE I Gy AT I AN secondary one in the space intervening between the filament and the plate. The movement of the electrons through this space is called the “space current.” The process of the production of dislodged electrons, which are the ones which constitute the space current in the Vacuum Tube, is known as ionization. This can he accomplished by three different methods. (1) by collision of electrons and a substance. (2) by electro-magnetic radiation and (3) by heat. This last is the only method employed in the ordinary Vacuum Tube. Often in the operation of a tube a blue glow will appear at certain points of adjustment. This is due to the collision of electrons from the filament with the particles of residual air and is an instance of ionization by collision. The effect that this may have on the operation of the tube will he discussed later. It is well to repeat these outstanding facts upon which is based the function of the Tube—(1) Operation is secured by the passage of electrons. (2) these electrons emanate by disruption of the atom, under the influence of heat, from a solid conductor (the filament). Electrons are retained in substances by a force existing on the surface of the material. At ordinary temperatures few, if any. of these electrons possess the power to overcome this force. Heat increases the rapidity of their movement and transmits to them enough vigor to break through the restraining forces so that they escape as fast as they are being used. First a current is applied to the filament which raises it to a working condition. The electrons are then set free. If now there is a potential difference between the filament and the plate the free electrons will l)o attracted to the plate. A potential difference is a disparity in the pressure which causes an electrical current to flow through a circuit. When the current passing between the filament and the plate is of such a volume that an increase of plate voltage causes no corresponding increase of flow then this is known as the saturation current. Experiment has proved that it is easier for an electron THREE ELEMENT VACUUM TUBE 21 to escape from a surface whose con I our is irregular than from a smooth fiat or cylindrical surface. For this reason, since for the proper function of the Tube a copious flow is sometimes requisite, different shapes and materials have been tried for filament construction. The best example of unevenly surfaced filament is that which is composed of a platinum wire coated with an oxide of the alkaline earths. This filament, on account of its construction, has a weak electronic affinity and. therefore, a strong thermionic value which is to say that, when heated, electrons are copiously emitted and with such a speed as to cause the passage of a reasonably high current. For this same reason there is not a clear defined adjustment for the saturation current as there is in tubes employing a plain tungsten filament. Such a condition for general requirements is more of an advantage than otherwise. Conditions exist where light plays no unimportant part with reference to this electronic transmission. The well known scientist Hertz in 1887 noted that the distance which a spark would leap between two electrodes was increased when the gap was illuminated with ultra-violet light. Furthermore he found that an insulated metal plate, when electrically charged in the dark, became discharged when brought into the light. These phenomena take place in conjunction with the Vacuum Tube’s function and were subsequently explained by the electron theory. The force of the light wave striking upon the charged surface of the substance so stimulates the electrons that they escape with a velocity which varies as the strength or frequency of the light. The speed of the electrons is independent of the intensity of the light but has a direct relation to the frequency of its wave. There are some lights of so low a wave length that no electrons are stimulated to escape. Lights of this type come under the “photo-electric long wave-length limit.” The reason that this method of electronic dislodgment is scarcely ever used in practice is because photo-electric currents are always small and their action is somewhat erratic. Methods employing heat for this same 22 T1IE 10 X ATI AX function arc more practical in every sense. The insertion of a grid or third electrode between the filament and the plate of the thermionic valve made it possible to adapt this device to operations that would otherwise have been impossible. The nature of the effect produced by the grid is as follows: Assuming that a space current is flowing between the anode and the cathode of a thermionic valve now if a grid is interposed and a negative charge impressed upon it then it is clear that the flow of ions will be retarded or completely turned back depending on the strength of the charge of the grid. This action is based on a fundamental principle in electricity which holds that like charges repel and unlike attract. For this reason a positive charge on the grid has the effect of drawing the electrons through to the anode. The filament, heated by the current from a battery, can be compared to a gun; continually bombarding the plate with electrons which must pass through the grid to reach the plate. The grid acts as a spasmodic shield; when a current in its positive phase is impressed on the grid, making it positive, the negative electrons are allowed free course to pass through the grid to the plate. When the negative phase of the current possesses the grid and makes it negative, it is as if an impenetrable shield were lowered between the filament and the plate completely stopping the electron barrage. Every time these electrons are allowed to pass from the filament to the plate they produce an impulse in the plate circuit. Through this impulse the wireless wave is detected, relays actuated etc., according to the function required by the specific instance. With respect to the impressed charges on the grid it is well to examine a few demonstrative conditions which are an index to its action under various circumstances. Suppose that the plate remains at a constant positive potential as regards the filament and that the grid is successively (a) positive (b) negative and (c) zero, (a) If there is a copious emission of electrons from the filament and the field between THREE ELEMENT YACVl'M TV BE 23 the filament and the grid is positive all are drawn through the grid to the plate. (1 ) If under the same eonditions the field is negative the emitted eleetrons are returned to the eathode. (e) Hut when an alternating E. M. P. is impressed on the grid circuit so that the grid is alternately positive and negative in respect to the filament then the resistance of the input circuit will be variable for the positive half of the cycle and almost infinite for the negative half-cycle. When the alternating current is superimposed on a constant negative grid potential then the resistance of the grid circuit can be said to be infinite. The foregoing explanation contains implicitly the secret of the tube when functioning as a relay. Any variation of the grid potential changes the strength of the field between the filament and the grid causing a like change in the number of electrons passing from the filament to the plate. Po tential variations between the filament and grid occasion variations in the output circuit and, due to the impressed charge on the grid, the power developed in the output is greater than that expended in the input. Enterprising scientists have calculated that about two million billion electrons pass across the grid on their journey to the plate in an ordinary tube under ordinary conditions. The wires in the plate circuit carry approximately two million billion electrons per operating second while seventy million billion arc emitted by the filament per burning second. Although the Vacuum Tube is exhausted to as nearly a perfect vacuum as man can get still it is known that there are remaining in the tube perhaps four hundred and fifty billion molecules of air after the manufacturer has done all in his power to produce a perfect vacuum. Owing to the minuteness of these air particles, which have a radius of nearly ten billionths of an inch and there are so few of them (relatively) that, in a well made tube, the eleetrons, which constitute the space current infrequently, if ever, collide with them. If they do collide ionization by collision takes place which has Merrick. L, Cronin, J. Neary. J. Healy, J. JUNIOR LAW Deasy. C. Ortega, L. Donovan. I). Riley. F. Slevin. T. (Ilicksbertf. A. Hutthcs, J. McCallion. N. Hennessy, H. Pittman. C. Vinckler. A. Costello. I). JUNIOR LAW Brennan, W. Devine. G. O’Meara. K. Burke, G. Ham mack, V. Labavrh, S. O’Brien. T. Taddiucci. A. 2fi THE I(iSAT!AX boon already mentioned. Tliis may take place with respect to residual air after evacuation or with molecules of a pas introduced after evacuation. The pas is sometimes required to produce special effects. The degree of ionization depends not only on the velocity with which the electron is moving when it strikes the pas molecule, but also on the pressure of the pas. If the gas pressure is very high it means that the molecules of the gas are very numerous and an electron may collide with one before it has attained speed sufficient to cause ionization. In this ease ionization depends on the pas itself. Tf it consists of elastic particles then it is most probable that the electron will rebound and by so doing will gain sufficient velocity to ionize at the next collision. But if the gas is composed of hard inelastic particles then the electron at the moment of impact may lose all its motion which it naturally imparts to the molecule it strikes. Energy thus imparted is radiated in the form of light, producing photo-electric effects. The “Characteristic curve” of a tube is a plotted graph indicating the strength of the electron flow with various plate potential values. Theoretically it appears similar to a rather straight figure S. Its curved ends are not very pronounced. The point along this curve where the tube functions best is called the “critical point.” This is not a constant but it changes with every individual tube and with the type of work being done. The critical point is usually situated on the lower half of the S just where the curve starts to straighten out. Ionization greatly influences the characteristic. The gas molecules, being split by bombardment, result in more dislodged charges so that the current may be increased. Resulting positive ions cause, by their presence in the negative space charge, a reduction of the charge and an increase in current passed. The life of the tube may be shortened under some conditions by the bombardment of the filament by positive ions produced by collision. This causes an increase in temperature and saturation current and a consequent wear- THREE ELEMEST VACU UM TURK 27 ing away of the filament. Sometimes when ionization takes place positive ions at the surface of the filament combine with electrons forming a blanket of gas around it thus paralyzing the tube. The common saying was, a few years ago. to have a tube “go dead on you ' This meant that while in operation the gas formed effectually insulating the filament. The remedy for this paralysis is a slight overheating of the filament or an entire cessation of operation for a few minutes. There is no danger of paralysis when using a lube that has been thoroughly evacuated. Applications of tiik Three Electrode Vacitm Ti de Since the time when Marconi perfected the Wireless Telegraph. many of the greatest geniuses of science have been at work elaborating, improving and finishing every detail and phase of the original discovery. Hertz had discovered that the waves were transmitted through the ether so the problem was to invent an ultra-sensitive detector which would make known their presence, no matter how weak they might be. The solution of this problem was found in the Vacuum Tube which acts as a most sensitive detector, in fact the most sensitive detector of these waves yet discovered. This is but one application of the Vacuum Tube in Wireless. It may be also used as an amplifier either in conjunction with other tubes or by itself alone. The radio-phone would not exist if it were not for the Vacuum Tube functioning as an oscillation generator. A radio-wave is defined as a vibration through space. These waves range in frequency from the audible to the inaudible. Currents having a frequency of ten thousand cycles per second or over are termed currents of radio frequency and those of cycles under this figure are audible when rectified and are called audio-frequency. The usual wave-length of amateur stations in the United States is two hundred meters and the wave has a frequency, sometimes, of one million five hundred thousand cycles per second. This high 28 TIIE IGXATIAX frequency would make absolutely no impression on the phones. A conversion is necessary to render the transmitted wave audible. These audio frequency currents are not necessarily direct currents in the strict sense of the word. They may be groups of separate direct current impulses but it does not make much difference provided that they affect the diaphragm of the phone under about fifteen hundred impulses a second. There are two general systems of wireless transmission— the continuous wave or C. Y. as it is called in the parlance of the profession, which sets in motion waves of continuous amplitude and undamped oscillation. These are of radio frequency. The discontinuous wave consists of oscillations which are not continuous in their passage through the ether. Furthermore the amplitude of the oscillations are not constant. Instead, after such waves have been given their initial start by the first power stroke of the transmitter, they rise to sudden height and gradually fall lower and lower in amplitude until they are finally damped out completely. The next stroke of the transmitter causes them to rise again and the rising and falling process keeps up indefinitely, depending on the amount of energy in back of it. Thus this sort of discontinuous or damped wave, as it is technically called, travels through space till it is exhausted; likewise its carrying powers are entirely proportionate to its initial energy. It is produced by the spark type of transmitter and has been in use since the inception of wireless communication Another phase of C. AA transmission is what is known as I. C. Y. or Interrupted Continuous 'Wave. I. C. Y. is practically the same form as C. AY. with the exception that an interrupter is inserted in the radiating circuit of the transmitter to break up the emitted waves so that they will be heard as universal audible tones at the receiving end; otherwise a special receiving circuit must be employed to render the waves audible as is done in C. AY. work. Damped and T. C. AV. waves may be detected by the ordinary detector and require no special hook-up for reception. Even a coherer or a mi- THREE E LEM EXT YAC1TM TV BE 20 crophonic detector might be used for these types of waves but tlie same does not hold for continuous waves which are damped and which make no impression on any detector except at the beginning and end of such a wave and even then it is only evidenced by a click. When the crystal detector was in vogue it was customary to use some sort of mechanical interrupter in the circuit which was called a tikkcr. This tikker broke up the incoming continuous wave some three hundred to one thousand times a second, thus rendering the wave, when rectified, audible. This method was popular because there was no other. At the best it was crude and could be no better than the crystal detector that was used with it. The advent of the Vacuum Tube caused a hundred per cent improvement in both the detection of damped and undamped waves and in the method of rendering the 0. Y. audible after detection. The Vacuum Tube method entirely supplanted the old “Tikker” method. The system by which the ( AY. is rendered audible is sometimes referred to as “Beat reception” but is more properly called “Heterodyne.” The desired effect is obtained in the Vacuum Tube by supplementing the incoming radio frequency wave with a locally generated current which differs in amplitude by an amount which lies within the range of audibility. The resulting fortification and interference which takes place due to periodic synchronism gives rise to a third or “beat current” which, when properly rectified is audible. In this case as in detection the input is a trifle greater than the output due to the addition of the incoming wave to that locally generated by the tube. A brief account of the two methods, by which damped oscillations may be detected, follows: (1) The grid current is maintained with respect to the cathode, so that a negative grid charge will be followed by a slight decrease in the anode current or a positive charge on the grid will produce a relatively high increase in the plate current and the receivers are affected once for each 30 THE J ax ATI AS incoming wave group due to the flow of the rectified current. (2) This is the 44Grid condenser method. ’ With a properly constructed tube it is most sensitive because the plate potential varies at an audio frequency due to the condenser interposed somewhere in the grid circuit. Unidirectional current passage between the filament and the grid rectifies the impressed groups of radio oscillations and the condenser consequently receives an unidirectional charge which, in building up, causes the plate current to decrease. When the incoming oscillations have ceased the condensed charge dissipates through a high-resistance grid-leak and the plate potential returns to normal. The effect of inter-electrode capacities is next to be considered. Remembering the fact that a slight variation of the grid potential greatly changes the strength of the plate current, we can appreciate the fact that this phase of operation has two broad applications with respect to Wireless. Primarily it causes the Tube to be a self-contained amplifier which in no way interferes with its detective qualities, which may even be simultaneous, and secondarily, it is in this respect that the tube is used as an oscillation generator. These characteristics have been fully set forth by their discoverer, (’apt. E. H. Armstrong. In some types of circuits there is a marked difference in the action of the tube than what might have been expected. This is due to inter-electrode capacities. The effect of these is to cause a tube to produce oscillations even if there is no mutual inductance between the input and the output. It is also on account of these that there is an impedence between the cathode and the grid which depends both on these capacities and on the constants of the input circuit. When oscillations are impressed on such a circuit they die out at a rate which varies as the total resistance. If the impedence is negative the total resistance is reduced and there will be a smaller consumption of current in the input circuit and the tube will give an increase of amplification. This increase of amplifi- THREE E LEM EXT YACVI'M TIRE 31 action is called “Regeneration.” A great step in the development of the Vacuum Tube was made when Captain Armstrong discovered this means of increasing the strength of the input without adding any extra energy from the outside. The “Armstrong regenerative circuit” is subject to endless modifications but the principle is always the same and may be formulated thus: The incoming oscillations, alternating at radio-frequency, enter some form of coupling device. In this, the secondary or detector circuit is tuned to the length of the incoming wave which it receives by inductance from the primary. This induced wave (in the secondary) is reinforced by high frequency waves fed back from the anode or plate of the Vacuum Tube. One wire from the secondary bears these fed-back oscillations. The other connects to the grid and carries the induced incoming current, reinforced by these fed-back oscillations which have the same form as the incoming waves. At this point by the function of the tube, alternating waves of high frequency are generated and are later taken around to strengthen the incoming wave. Simultaneously the Vacuum Tube converts the message-bearing current from radio frequency to one of direct pulsating low frequency, already strengthened by the fed-back waves. The two currents of varying frequency arc now sent through a variometer which serves to tune the high frequency waves escaping from the tube to the same frequency as the incoming wave. By this method the low frequency currents are strengthened from ten to one hundred times and they enter the phones at about four to ten thousand cycles a second. Of course they are accompanied by the other radiofrequency currents, but since these have no effect on the phones they are passed through a condenser provided for that purpose. These waves, after passing through the condenser, go again to the secondary of the coupling device and the circuit is repeated. This system constitutes one branch of radio amplification. The other is accomplished when the current from the plate of the detector tube is coupled to the 32 THE IG ATI AN input circuit of another tube which functions as an amplifier only. The output of the amplifier may in turn be connected to the input of another and the second amplifier to a third, etc. In the light of facts already explained this system needs no explanation. The action of the Vacuum Tubes is the same in any case. When a method of this kind is employed the Tubes arc said to amplify in cascade. Amplification may be secured by cascade at either audio or radio frequencies, jointly or separately, by a change of hook-up. Tubes are not coupled either directly or conductivcly for cascade amplification but through the agency of amplifying transformers using a primary and a secondary on an iron core for audio frequencies and the same on an air core for radio frequencies. In regeneration coupling is termed electrostatic when amplification is secured in the detector tube. Regenerative circuits are also called reactive or tuned plate circuits, because the high frequency current generated has to be modified so as to “fit” the incoming wave. If the waves do not “fit’' each other no result will be secured, for the waves, instead of synchronizing, will constantly interfere and destroy each other. When the subject of regeneration is discussed it leads logically to another most important function of the tube. Regeneration essentially combines this other distinctive function; for the generation of those waves which are fed back demonstrates the fact that it is possible to use the Vacuum Tube for the sole purpose of generation. The Vacuum Tube as an oscillation generator has made possible the modern wireless telephones and the C. W. methods of transmission. These latter methods are slowly supplanting the older method of either arc or spark. In other words, a radiated C. W. when intercepted by the receiving station, is so sharp and constant in character that the receiver must be tuned exactly to its wave length, otherwise it will not affect the instrument. When we consider that there are upwards of fourteen hundred amateur transmitting stations in the United States and T1IUEE ELEMENT VACEVM TI RE 33 about throe hundred thousand receiving units, this sharpness of tuning is an important factor in eliminating interference between stations; indeed in time to come it must necessarily supersede entirely less selective methods of transmission. The second attractive feature of 0. W. transmission is its economy of power consumption. For instance, power for power, C W. will carry five times the distance spanned by the older spark method. Another decided advantage of C. W. is its simplicity of apparatus, eliminating as it does heavy transformers and spark coils, huge condensers and screeching spark-gaps of stationary or rotary type. ( AY. is practically noiseless and the operator is able to send and receive almost simultaneously without the necessity of operating cumbersome change-over switches. The Vacuum Tubes employed for transmitting purposes are generally of a larger size than those used as detectors. The smallest tubes for transmission will generate oscillations at about five watts energy while the larger tubes in the broadcasting and commercial stations develope two hundred and fifty to five hundred watts. These large tubes are exhausted to a high degree and have elements capable of resisting the temperatures entailed. Heat is a factor which causes much trouble in high power transmission; for it is heat that causes power dissipation at the anode. One way of combating this evil effect is to make the anode as large as possible, but there are limitations to this, for if the area is increased, say in the case of the cylindrical anode, there is a corresponding increase in the resistance of the tube. Some tubes are manufactured with anodes having radiating flanges, thus quickly radiating any excess of heat. Others are so constructed that they may be immersed in a cooling liquid or placed in an air blast. Still others are fitted with connections whereby the anode is cooled by a circulation of water. An obvious way of keeping the temperature of the anode low is by increasing its thermal emissivity by blackening its surface. It should be understood that the Vacuum Tube in itself Cowove. L. Mndden. I . Murray. P. Carlin. J. JUNIOR LAW Groom. P. O'Keefe. T. Hoaly, F. Callahan. A. Carroll. F. McNamara. J. Walsh. W. Donohue. (J. Barricklo. E. Dios tel. J. Barry, G. SOPHOMORE LAW Gallagher. F. Gunning, J. Kragcn, B. Falch. A. Burke. F. McQuaid. D. TIIE 1 OX ATI AX 36 will not generate oscillations. AYhen connected in the proper circuit, it will cause oscillations to be built up in this circuit and will supply currents at the proper time to replace energy lost. The current that must be fed to the Vacuum Tube is direct and it in turn will pass just enough to sustain the oscillations flowing in the circuit. Its action is similar to the performance of the pendulum actuator of a clock which, by a small application of power at the correct instant, maintains the relatively large swing of a heavy pendulum. The oscillating tube gives the circuit the electric push at the end of each cycle that sustains the oscillations in the circuit and does not allow them to die out. Modulation is the shaping of the oscillations produced by the tube into the form of the human voice or any other audible sound as, for instance, a buzzer as is sometimes used for C. W. telegraphy. There are a number of methods for obtaining this result, the simplest being the insertion of a telephone transmitter in scries with the antenna circuit through which the high frequency waves are flowing. By this means the strength of the flow is varied and tin resistance of the circuit changed due to the sound wave striking the transmitter diaphragm. Heavy currents when passed through this circuit soon heat up the transmitter and render it useless, so a second system of absorption finds great favor. In the “Absorption Method,” the antenna inductance, through which flow the continuous waves from the Vacuum Tube, is surrounded by a loop of wire in series with a transmitter. As the latter varies the resistance of this single loop, more or less of the continuous waves are absorbed thus producing the desired effect with no danger of overheating the transmitter. There arc other methods of modulation such as magnetic and grid modulation. All of these function somewhat similar to those already explained, but the best system, that most distinctive of the Vacuum Tube, finds application in what is known as the licising eircuit. Two sets of tubes are used, one set called “modulators” THREE ELEMEST VAC1TM TI RE 37 and another set ealled “oscillators. The transmitter varies the grid potential of the modulators through a step-up modulation transformer. The modulators then draw more or less current. The plates of the modulators are connected to the plates of the oscillators and though the latter are continually passing oscillations, still, under the influence of the modulators, they deliver more or less volume as the plate potential varies. This system is the most perfect. The articulation and reproduction is remarkably fine and free from distortion, irrespective of wave-length or power. Without the Vacuum Tube the wireless phone would certainly not exist with any of its present perfection. The old arc phones were unreliable and unsatisfactory inasmuch as they consumed an enormous current and had a low output. The voice was distorted and accompanied by wailing sounds that often made it unintelligible. The Vacuum Tube int Radio Kinetics Dr. Brauley of Paris was the first to work extensively on this branch of wireless. Since early days many investigators have busied themselves in building apparatus which could produce mechanical effects at a distance by means of wireless impulses. Even as early as 1906 these men were able 1o wirelessly control guns, stop and start various mechanisms,, etc. These operations employed the original wireless detector. This was the Coherer. In this instrument the incoming wave causes some metal filings, in a glass tube, to cohere, immediately there is a drop in the resistance of the circuit in which the tube is connected and a relay closes the circuit of a local battery. For this reason the Coherer was especially adapted to this type of work but it had many disadvantages which almost eclipsed its virtues. It was not very sensitive to weak radio-waves but was exceedingly sensitive to mechanical shocks and would often operate at the wrong time due to an almost imperceptible jar or vibration. The essential characteristic, then, of the coherer was an uncertainty and up to 1906 this was the only known instrument THE Id SAT IAS 38 for producing effects at a distance hv means of Radio. After the advent of the Vacuum Tube everything was changed. The uncertainty of the coherer gave way before the absolute reliability of the tube and such progress was made in Radiokinetics that today we hear of radio-controlled battleships, guns, alarm-signals, aeroplanes, automobiles and the like. Lighthouses, far out at sea, can be controlled at will from shore. Buoys can be lighted and extinguished. Freight steamers can be steered across the lakes or oceans without a crew or even a single soul on board. Freight trains can be sent for long distances overland without a crew and torpedoes directed to the target in times of war. All these things have been accomplished in an experimental way and many arc working in actual practice. Perhaps the most learned exponent of Radio-kinetics in this country is J. If. Harriman, Jr. Congress purchased his radio-controlled airship. In regard to the safety and reliability of such mechanisms he says, ‘1 when the Vacuum Tube was invented the heading of success was written on the first chapter of Radio-kinetics.” Of its absolute trustworthiness there is no doubt. With machines so controlled, interference, the bane of the science of past days, does not bother the engineer of today. Through the agency of the Vacuum Tube, these instruments are operated on the “time impulse” plan and the instruments cannot be started or stopped at random any more than a man can open a safe by using an arbitrary combination. ’ Miscellaneous Applications of the Vacuum Tube Unilateral conductivity, small input power consumption, and amplification are three properties of the Vacuum Tube that make it possible to use it as a measure of small alternating current voltages. Thus the tube becomes an electrostatic voltmeter. If a source of alternating current is included in the grid circuit of a tube and the output contains a battery to supply potential to the plate in series with a meter for measuring the direct current passed, then, if the tube is ad- THREE ELEMEXT VACUUM TUBE 30 justed so as to function on the lower curve of its characteristic, the plate current is zero. When the alternating current in tlie input charges the grid with the negative half-cycle, the electrons are repelled harder than when tbe grid is charged by the grid battery alone so the meter still registers zero. During the positive phase of the cycle, however, more current is passed and the plate current rises above zero. The alternations are so fast the meter registers a steady positive reading and the amount which the negative potential of the grid must be increased to bring the meter back to zero gives the measure of the alternating current. Amplifiers may be added with this system and currents measured which would make no effect on any other instrument. Power Companies, supplying city lighting systems, arc constantly troubled with the fluctuation of the current in the lines. These are due to sudden changes in load or consumption and consequent variation of generator speed. The remedy for this old bugbear is found in the Vacuum Tube Voltage and Current Regulator which automatically smoothes out the current delivered by dynamos and maintains a constant load. One side of the current line, across which is shunted the commutator, is connected to the plate of the tube. The other side of the line connects to the filament which is in series with the field windings of the dynamo. A resistance, in parallel with the field windings, is tapped by a movable contact connected to the grid. If the voltage of the generator tends to increase then the flow of current through the resistance increases the negative potential of the grid, retarding the flow of electrons to the plate thereby reducing the strength of the current in the field windings and effecting a corresponding reduction in line voltage. This method obviates the necessity of constant vigilance and costly electro-mechanical controllers which, at best, arc not very satisfactory. By the heterodyne method of producing beat currents very low frequencies can be generated. These are sometimes 40 77 ; IGX ATI AX desired and their production depends on the use of large capacities and inductances. None of these are needed with the Vacuum Tube. Low frequency currents can be generated with two tubes oscillating in a circuit at an unequal frequency. The difference between the two is the frequency of the desired current. If one tube delivers a current oscillating at one hundred and ninety-eight a second and another one, at two hundred a second, are impressed on the input of a modulation tube, then the modulator will supply low frequency current, if filtered, of two cycles per second. The Dvnatron is a three element Vacuum Tube that was invented by A. W. Hull. This tube functions througn the emission of secondary electrons or Delta rays due to the impact of electrons on surfaces. The tube is a real negative resistance amplifier and oscillator. The construction of the Dvnatron is essentially the same as that of any Vacuum Tube. The grid is held at a constant positive potential by a ‘ B battery and the plate is connected to the secondary circuit so that external current variations, which are usually conveyed to the grid are now impressed on the plate. Electrons coming from the filament pass through the grid and strike the plate causing the emission of secondary electrons which are drawn over to the positive grid. The higher the potential of the plate the greater will be the secondary emission and the resulting plate current is the difference between the primary electrons coming from the filament and the secondary electrons caused by impact. If the plate current is such that those coming are less than those leaving, the tube acts as an ordinary rectifier. If the two are equal then the plate current is zero. But when more secondary electrons leave the plate than come to it then the current flows in a direction opposite to the impressed voltage. Instead of using only the negative characteristic of this device, the inventor found that he could use the normal amplifying property by the insertion of a second grid. The resulting tube, under proper operating conditions, would amplify a thousandfold. TllUEE ELEMEST VACUUM TUBE 41 Ho called this tube the “ PI iody natron.” Of course the negative resistance values of this tube result in a falling characteristic, just the contrary of the audion. This property renders the tube too delicate and critical for ordinary use. To avoid trouble it was never practical to operate it so as to produce more than three or four hundred degrees of amplification, but the audion will do this, and the absence of a falling characteristic makes its action stable no mattter how high the amplification constant may be. This device has been used in wireless with some success as a detector, amplifier, and a circuit loss compensator or a source of sustained oscillations. The Institute of Radio Engineers recently received a new model of the three element Vacuum Tube. The tube was fully described by its inventor, Mr. II. P. Donle, the Chief Engineer of the Connecticut Electric Co. 11 is invention embraces a radical departure from the garden variety of Vacuum Tube in so much that it operates with the passage of ions and not electrons. The source of the ions is a plate of liquid sodium. It has the appearance of an ordinary tube in an inverted position. By mounting it this way the sodium always flows to the lowest portion of the tube. A Filament is mounted parallel to the surface of the sodium and above the filament is a semi-circular trough that takes the place of the regular grid. The sodium is kept melted by an external heating unit that is in series with the filament. The inventor claims that this is the most sensitive tube in the world and that it will revolutionize wireless. He calls this tube an intensifier rather than a detector or amplifier. On Armistice Day in 1922, President Harding’s address and prayers and the songs at Arlington were heard as clearly and with as much feeling by the people of New York as those in San Francisco. The fact that the audience was assembled part on the Eastern and part on the 'Western coast makes the event remarkable. The electrical equipment used on Armistice Day divides itself into two distinct sets 42 THE IGNAT I AN of apparatus. First, the apparatus for increasing the volume of tlie speech at 'Washington, New York and San Francisco; secondly, the apparatus for projecting it to the large audiences, loud-speakers of the type developed by the Bell Telephone system being used for the purpose. These loudspeakers were joined by a single telephone circuit which extended across the continent. The Vacuum Tube is the foundation of successful long-distance work. At first it was thought that a very long line would not be possible because of linear resistance. The message died or became faint after a few miles. Since 1913 Vacuum Tube repeater systems have been employed on the Bell telephone lines. This repeater employs the Vacuum Tube as an amplifier. Since the amplification on phone lines must be duo-lateral or back and forth, each repeater station must contain two tubes which are in practice balanced against each other or against an artificial line, the impedence of which is equal to that of the real line. The purpose of so balancing these lines can be understood when we recollect that if the system into which one or the other tube feeds is not identical and symmetrical with its own system then the amplified currents from one bulb would cause an increased imput to be impressed in the other and the whole system would oscillate, producing a loud ringing note. The degree of amplification obtainable without impairing the quality of transmission depends on the accuracy in balancing the lines. In practice two bulbs are used to secure two-way amplification. The same result may be secured with one tube by using a complicated hook-up and locating the repeater tube in the exact center of the line so that the impedence will be the same on both sides. To bring out this Vacuum Tube control action a little more clearly, consider a small undulatory current generated in the line at the speakers stand at Arlington. This small current flows only as far as the first amplifier where it brings about the liberation of a much larger undulatory current from a battery associated with the Amplifying Tube. The new and larger T11HEE ELEMENT VACUUM TUBE 43 current flows to the next repeater station say at Newton Square. In reaching there it has become much smaller than it was originally. At this repeater it liberates from a Newton Square battery another current about as large as the one originally started from Arlington and so on all across the Continent. Major-General Geo. O. Squier perfected a system during the last year which was quite novel and seemed for a time to eclipse in popularity the regular system of Radio broadcasting. He called his system “Wired-Wireless” for the reason that he used instruments, formerly applied solely to wireless work, in connection with ordinary wire circuits. In other words he employs wireless transmitting and receiving instruments at the ends of the ordinary telegraph line. It is possible to simultaneously transmit as many as forty or more messages over the same line and at the same time carry on a telephone conversation. There is no interference. In this system of “wired-wireless” or multi-telephony or telegraphy a separate oscillation tube is employed for each message sent. Each tube is adjusted to oscillate at a different frequency and the whole combination of varied frequencies is superimposed upon a single transmission wire. The high-frequency currents arc guided along the surface of the wire in a manner similar to ocean waves of different size which will travel over each other and yet maintain their individuality. At the receiving end of the wire there arc more Vacuum Tubes connected in circuits so that they will respond to one frequency and to no other. Each tube acts as a filter which strains an elaborately complex wave, traveling along a wire, into its component parts, each part being a separate message. The advantages of the system are immediately apparent; the saving in the number of wires for telegraphy is quite an important factor and the lighting system of every community could be used to cany speech or music to all who use electricity. The devices that utilize the Vacuum Tube in one or 44 TIIE IGXAT I AX other of its phases are almost numberless. The advantages of some of the most important have been put forth. The list is in no way complete. Recent developments in wireless tele-photo devices, smoke and fire detectors, and talking motion pictures, include the Three Electrode Vacuum Tube as an integral part of their composition. In extolling the advantages of C. W. and I. C. Y. and all other various devices, one fact stands out in bold relief, and that is the predominating part played by the Vacuum Tube. Without this wonderful device, so young in years yet so old in training and broad usefulness, many of our present achievements would not exist. Today the Vacuum Tube—call it the electrical Alladin’s lamp if you will—finds many applications especially in Radio where it plays stellar roles in both the transmission and reception of radio telegraphy and telephony. In a few brief years we shall find the Vacuum Tube responsible for feats undreamed of today. But who is responsible for this wonderful achievement? The answer is to be found in the research laboratory where year in and year out, unsung and seldom mentioned, investigators, professors and students, toil quietly and indefatigably that mankind may be benefited. The Justice of the Desert Ifaymond A. Brady. Letters, '27. HK OPKNKI) his eyes wearily—opened and shut them, half-dazed—as tin veins in his head throbbed, and slowly and painfully he sought to figure out where he was and what had happened. He had been in the desert—yes —but that was nothing strange—the desert was his home. Thought fatigued him. What he wanted was rest. Forgetfulness once more stole upon him and he lay asleep. But not for long. Again he awoke with the same throbbing—once more his eyes opened. Things around were more distinct. Ho was more aware of the stiffness of his limbs, for he tried to move, and clearer and more insistent came the thought: Where am I and what has happened? He raised himself a little. There was the desert stretching out before him. His sight was somewhat blurred. He felt that his throat was swollen; his lips parched. Xo living thing was in sight save something indeterminate that circled in the air above. Instinct. rather than sight or reason, told him what it was—a buzzard. The shock brought him to himself with a start. He could see more clearly now and remember. His dreary wandering, the cruel sun, his painful staggering up the hillside to the overhanging ledge. When? Yesterday? Today? lie could not tell. What mattered it? Time had no value in a case like his. Had he not wooed the desert to forget time? But the buzzard—the buzzard—that he could not bear. Coward and ghoul that it was, to him it had no redeeming quality. The buzzard circled. A companion joined it. He rose to his feet and shook his clenched fist at the scavengers of the desert as he muttered between his teeth “you haven't got me yet. Xo, not by a long shot. A distant peak told him where he was. The blood had begun again to course T1IE Hi X ATI AX 4( freely through liis veins; his canteen—lie stooped to pick it up—was still half full. Grudgingly he put a little of the water on his eyes, then moistened his lips, lie must swallow some too, but he must be master of himself. “The heat must have made me loco,” he grumbled, “but evening will be coming on.” He looked up. The number of buzzards had increased. He smiled scornfully. “Buncoed, this time,” he said, and sank once more into the shelter of the rock. He could now rest contented. He closed his eyes. How long he slept lie did not know, but it had not been a restful sleep. Oppressive dreams had hovered around him. At times he was in quest of water. lie saw it clearly, pure and crystal, and could even hear its murmur. But when he would have hastened forward, his feet became of lead, or a power invisible held him back. Then shadows moved around him, great black shadows that circled him. He would have welcomed them as a protection from the sun. but they had the form of wings, circling, circling. The motion made him dizzy and he was paralyzed with fear. And out of the shadow of these wings, he knew not how, a form emerged, faint and indistinct at first, steadily creeping toward him. And as it came it grew into a monstrous wolf with gleaming eyes and naked fangs. It paused to spring. Despair, the love of iife recalled him to himself. lie saw it darting through the air. lie rose to meet it and grasped it by the throat. It was easier to master it than he had expected, for he was awake now though still under the influence of the dream. He was bearing it back, his head turned aside out of reach of those gaping jaws. The work was for his hands. The wolf ceased to struggle. It fell and he upon it. He could look now. The staring eyes of a man that he was choking were turned up to his. Jle relaxed his hold. Dream and reality had become strangely intermixed. He sprang up hurriedly and gazed on the prostrate man. Whence had he come? What did he want? Why had he not awakened him? The canteen lying near the man’s hand supplied the answer. THE JUSTICE OF TIIE DESERT 47 “Cur.” he said, as he kicked the prostrate form. “Cur”— A startled look came into his eyes. lie bent lower, then staggered as if struck. “Why did I not finish it before 1 was fully awake,” he groaned, “or why not finish it now?” lie picked up a pistol that belonged to the stranger and which had fortunately been knocked from his hand in the struggle, ile pointed it deliberately at the man’s breast. The hand did not tremble but the will wavered. Eye and pistol fell. “The punishment would be too little,” he said, “I must think.” That his thoughts were not pleasant as he paced to and fro, scarcely gazing at the struggle between life and death that was waged there at his feet, goes without saying. Then lie sat and mused. For the last two years he had yearned for such a moment as this. He had told himself over and over again what he would do. It had driven him almost frantic to think that it could never be—and here it was actually present in a form better than he had planned. His mind was now clear. His victim must die, die slowly in mental anguish. He must revive him, gloat over him, perhaps wound him, abandon him to despair. He was losing time. He must sacrifice some of the precious water—as little, however, as possible. He suited the action to his thought. Then grimly he waited. The man stirred, breathed more easily and opened his eyes. “Water, water,” he gasped. “Sec it here,” said a voice that cut like a knife. “See it here, thief, murderer, betrayer of your friend! Look.” and the avenger put the canteen to his lips, though he only pretended to drink, “If you ever get a drop it will be only to make vengeance doubly sure.” With staring eyes the man half rose, but the pistol that immediately covered him, even more than his weakness, bade him sink back. Vet he stared in terror. He. too, had imagined that a moment such as this might come, but he had carelessly tossed the fancy aside as an impossible dream. The man he had injured so grievously was dead. He had assured himself of the fact before he had started for the desert. O'Brien. F. St ret. V. MacVean, M. SOPHOMORE LAW Rubles. C. Hosier., O. Philpot. T. Keith. C. Gretrains. J. Foley, L. 1 I Duffy. J. Harris. G. O'Brien. W. SOPHOMORE LAW Fulton. R. O’Meara, R. Roche. T. VIveil. W. Irwin. J. Branch. A. 50 THE IGX ATI AX Was it his disordered fancy? He would have wished that it were. He strove to avert his eyes. They returned irresistibly to that mocking face. Xo, it was not a dream. The hour of retribution had come. His jaw trembled. Conscience had no more pity on him than had its avenger; consci-cncc or cowardice—it was mainly the latter. Vet he knew that cowardice made no appeal to the man before him. He must, at least, appear to be brave. ‘‘Where is she?” asked that voice in which there was a ring of steel. A gleam of malice came into the victim’s eyes. The hope surged up in his heart that he might barter for his life. lie sought to read in the speaker’s eyes the purpose of the question. JIc could read nothing. He would wait, he told himself, for further quest ions. Ping! A bullet grazed his ear. He squirmed. •‘Put it up.” he cried. “She doesn’t want—” Ping! “It’s what I want, you skunk, came in cold, even tones. “The next bullet will not miss. The cringing figure on the ground knew that it was no idle threat. “She’s over there.” “Where?” “By the wagon.” “And the wagon?” “How do I know,” he blurted out. “We lost a horse last night. I started out to find it this morning. The sun got me. 1 lost nn way. Down there I crossed your tracks.” “And would have stolen my canteen?” “I didn’t know you.” “And if you did?” An evil look Hashed across the other’s face, though he tried to hide it. Lying was useless. “Well,” he said, “perhaps.” His questioner smiled grimly. “You were on the Sunset Trail?” “About four miles from the Butte.” TIIE JUSTICE OF THE DESERT 51 “Going West?” “West.” “You’ll have an hour lo sleep and then we’ll start. We'l) reach there by morning.” “You’ll kill her too?” He might have made a better actor were be more himself; but as his strength was badly exhausted and his nerve had given way, his inborn meanness could not be suppressed. Nothing was further from his intention than to express desire; yet his voice was the echo of his heart. This, his listener knew. “Why not?” he snapped, and turned his gaze to the distant horizon. The questioner dropped his eyes to conceal the look of triumph. Had it been noticed? When he lifted them again and caught the other’s eye, he thought that it had not. But could he have read behind those impassive eyes the thought that had staggered the brain, “why is the villain so anxious for her death?” he would have bitten out his tongue rather than have spoken. The gray light that precedes morning was stealing over the sky. as bearing a limp form on his shoulders, a man staggered along the trail. When he had first seen the prairie-schooner by the wayside was a question that did not trouble him. It was there, he knew, the end of his journey. lie must struggle on. He could never remember coherently what had happened during the night. He had started out with his prisoner, that he recalled. He had thought himself stronger than he was, for a reaction had undoubtedly set in. The prisoner, too, had lagged after the first few miles and insisted on a rest. He had pleaded piteously for water. What could be spared was given him, what little could be spared until he reached the wagon. But forward he must go. lie must rest again and rest. The distances were shorter. Even blows could not move him now. He had to be dragged. It was plain at length that he was not shamming. His captor T1IE 1GXATIAX .V' must lift him up and cany him. He bent his shoulders to the task. But there were periods when the hearer's mind was almost a blank. He knew that ho was hearing a load and nothing more. Why not drop it? He could go faster. At times he did drop it and started forward, but In ever returned to take it up once more, lie was responsible for it, he somehow felt, for ho had ceased to think. He himself had often now to rest, but he could not sleep with that thing lying there. He took it up again and tottered on. Now he laid it down for the last time. The nearness of the prairie-schooner had stirred his latent faculties. Help was near. He could scarcely keep his feet, but he knew of the water-hole near the wagon; that would revive him. At last he reached it. 11 is one thought was drink; yet instinct guided him; not too much at once. A woman stood beside him. lie scarcely glanced up. “Take water, he gasped, 44and hurry; you'll find him by the trail. lit bathed his wrists and his face and bathed them again, lie was drawing new life in; he knew now why he had come. He made no effort to rise. He was not curious; matters would shape themselves; he could wait. In fact he turned his back 10 ihe trail for the sun had risen and his eyes could not bear the light. He pulled his hat down. Little could be seen but a bearded face. He did not turn when he heard a step behind him; he knew that the woman had returned. “I am soriy to trouble you,” said a voice, trembling, “but lie scarcely breathes and I cannot carry him alone. “Let him lie there,” he said. “I'm not interested.” A troubled look shot across the woman's face. The voice seemed as unnatural as the sentiment. “You—you.” she faltered. “You carried him at the risk of your life—and you're not interested?” “Not a bit,” he answered. “Are you?” He had not raised his eves; how had he read her heart? She blushed deeply. It was hard for her to answer this blunt stranger. She paused to control her voice. THE JUSTICE OF THE DESERT 53 “I am not interested,” she said, “save as a mere matter of humanity.” “And you, his wife?” She would have fallen, but without looking directly at her he stayed her with his hand. “His wife,” she gasped. “When I married him I thought I was. I never wanted to marry him, but the husband I loved, wished it before he died. I made the sacrifice for him. Had he known how I was to suffer—” Her voice broke in sobs. Her listener seemed deeply moved. “Your husband asked it?” “Not by word of mouth,” she said, “for he died somewhere in these plains. lie was too weak to write but he signed his name to the letter that this man brought me. Moth my husband and he had sought my hand before my marriage. Him 1 had rejected. But when he soothed the last hours of one who had been all to me—when my dying husband wrote—” Her voice failed her. “Have you the letter?” The tone was puzzling. “I have.” “Might—might a stranger see it?” She hesitated; then drew the letter from her bosom and handed it to him. “I have always carried it here to nerve my heart,” she said. “I almost wish that he had perished.” He read the letter and handed it back. “And you believe this?” His voice was unsteady though he tried to control it. “I believed it at first,” she replied, “but I came to doubt it. Our life was never happy, but as suspicion grew, as I came to know him better, I loathed him. I think that he believes my husband dead or he never would have come out West. But I—I cannot believe. I came to find him.” Springing from the ground the stranger folded her in his arms. “Your search is ended, Mary.” For a time neither dared to speak. 54 TIIE I GNAT I AN The woman was the first to break the silence: “Ami lie,’’ she asked, nodding toward the trail, ‘‘what shall we do with him?” “Thank God, his blood is not on our hands,” he answered calmly, ‘‘but I think those buzzards give the answer. Let us bury our past sorrow in his grave.” Constancy Edward I). Kcil. Letters, 92o. There's a trampship in the offing With the moonlight on her sails; To my heart she’s wrought of silver In the mist of drifting veils. Every creaking of her cordage Is her crooning sweet to me Of the swelling wave, the shrilling wind, The rapture of the sea. I'd not part with her for galleon Stored with riches of Cathay, Though you dub her “dirty trampship” In the tell-tale light of day; For my soul is shrined within her. Since she’s ever loved with me The swelling wave, the shrilling wind, The rapture of the sea. Respect for Law George E. Devine IIKN public order reigned supreme, and compara- tively unbroken peace prevailed throughout our coun- try and the world, the law was respected quite as a matter of course; but now, when crimes once infrequent and abnormal have become the rule of the hour; with irreverence for the law found everywhere—in our newspapers, our theatres. our universities—the subject of respect for Law is attracting widespread attention, especially among those who know the important part it plays in preserving our eiviliza- Formerly the savage stalked bis victim in the trackless forest, but even with him, except in the lowest form of barbarism, it was usually after the tomahawk had been dug up and war declared; the highwayman sought the loneliness of the mountain road or the thickets by the wayside; but today the automobile thief, the thug and the bandit are encountered in our public streets; our banks and stores are robbed in broad daylight; reckless automobile drivers, casting aside all rules of common sense and humanity, daily take their toll of innocent victims; and a murder especially in our large cities is a comparatively insignificant act, committed seemingly without a qualm of conscience, and soon forgotten by the public. Well did Pope Benedict XV in his admirable pronouncement setting forth the evils that afflict humanity, point out as first and foremost, and as the root of many others, the unprecedented challenge to authority that is so widespread today. His far-seeing mind could group and trace to their common source what we perhaps perceive only as distinct and disconnected phenomena; but the spirit of disrespect for law, like a malignant growth, is spreading into every sphere of life, even into those in which we might least expect to find it. turn. ft is not only in the civil and political order that we find this spirit rampant. It has appeared in those finer things to which man naturally turns for inspiration. No longer are they the source of culture and refinement, for their laws of harmony, symmetry and beauty, have been sneered at and cast aside; and Greenwich Village standards are now proposed as ideals in music and art, while poetry, which, for ages, on the wings of genius soared into the realms of the ideal, is now chained to the crude and commonplace, or aimlessly flapping its wounded wings amid the eccentricities of miscalled free verse. The theatre, which has been the medium of portrayal and expression for some of the noblest thoughts and sentiments of man, has slavishly sunk to burlesques and plays which as constantly violate the laws of good taste as those of morality. Even the natural sciences arc joining the whirl, for new and impossible theories are proposed every day, each more radical than its predecessor. But it is with the moral law and its expression in tic laws that govern our State and country that we are mainly concerned in this article. Disrespect for law is assuming such dimensions that it is awakening, as we said, a nationwide interest. But before inquiring into the causes of this law-violation, we must first establish “What is Law' Human law, in the true sense, consists of positive precepts laid down by competent authority as the safeguard, the guarantee, and the shield of the reciprocal rights of man. It is not, as Mira beau called it, a “caprice”, but it is the recognition, and the sanction, and the application by the State of a portion of the system of correlative rights and duties known as the natural law and revealed by reason. True human laws, therefore, derive their binding force from the natural law, and so even Heraclitus stated 2000 years ago that all human laws receive their life from the Divine Law. Hence respect for the law in Christian Ethics is respect for our nature and respect for God. To make a broad division, we can range the causes of RESPECT FOR LAW 57 disrespect for law under two general heads; the causes that find their source in the laws and legislators—the causes in the people. Our legislators too often, unfortunately, have no true concept of human law, and, lacking that concept, arc only too liable to err. For a human law to be binding in conscience, four elements must be found in it. First, it must be reasonable; second, it must proceed from proper authority; third, it must be promulgated, and fourth, it must be for the common welfare. The lack of any of these elements nullifies the ordinance and deprives it of the true nature of law. Unreasonableness, it is plain, cannot be the rule for rational beings. We are human beings and are to be guided according to our nature. The Creator has put reason on its throne to guide us in our actions; your command must be in accordance with reason, if you would submit us to your sway. A law must be for the common welfare, else it lacks the essence of law. God intended men to live together, that by their united forces they might achieve peace, happiness, prosperity and perfection unattainable by them disunited and separate. The purposes that brought human society into being, necessarily limit the rights and powers of governing authority. Society is for the common welfare; the common welfare, therefore is the measure of its laws. Consider, therefore, in how many ways the law may forfeit its respect. Reason demands that the number of laws be moderate. We must take human nature as it is, while we strive to make it better. But to put it in a straight-jacket, and irritate it, and worry it, especially by pettiness while we overlook interests of greater moment, is only to produce what is produced in the child by a similar method; the spirit of rebellion against law, and the longing for the moment of freedom when law and repression will be cast to the winds. Tacitus, the Roman historian, said long ago that in the most corrupt republic there arc the most laws, and Napoleon complained that France, with a thousand folios of law, was a FRESHMAN LAW Cavency. H. O’Neill. A. Ciannini. J. Kearney, J. Devine. P. Flynn. F. KiihkH. H. Elkington, N. Brown. H. Hughes. W. McCarthy, J. Anastassiou, J. Clarke, F. M unroe, F. MncNeil. K. Leonard. W. FRESHMAN LAW Bley, R. O'Donnell. W. Reed. C. Schmid, F. Stephens. C, Dora is. A. Slater. E. Collopy, M. GO THE IGX ATI AX lawless nation. It is not necessary to dwell upon the evident fact that the tendency of our lawmakers is to undue multiplicity. Every legislature is swamped by the measures proposed. Hence the lack of time for calm consideration and discussion; the crush of bills at the end of a session; tin naturally poor quality of the product which is the result. What is worse is the freak legislation that is cropping up all over the country; the disposition to impose the private likes and dislikes of a class, even a minority, upon the whole community. We have legislation upon matters that should be left to the individual or the family, while the law should restrict itself to the sphere of serious and evident excess. Bigotry too, is raising its hideous head in defiance of our fundamental law. It has no respect for the law itself. How can it claim respect for what it unreasonably and maliciously decrees? No human law that is opposed to the natural and the Divine has any binding force on conscience. Human authority has gone beyond its sphere, and here it is not competent to command. So the Apostles of Christ were not lawbreakers when they refused to obey their unjust judges. “If it be just, in the sight of God, to hear you, rather than God, judge ye,” was their answer. We might further enumerate the sins of our legislators, which are responsible in such great measure for disrespect for law, but we must touch upon the second source of this irreverence—the people. Human law is not respected because the Divine Law is not respected. “All authority,” says Saint Paul, “is from God.” If we reject God from our lives, we reject logically the only solid basis of human authority and law. The growth of positive atheism and indifference to religious doctrine and practice, bear in the long run their natural results, for they remove from man’s mind the clear principles of moral guidance, and the main restraints of human passions. If there is no God, no accountability, no future to compensate me for the sacrifices of the present, then the fact that the law has RESPECT FOR LAW ( 1 superior force at its command, merely warns me against the danger of getting caught, and the resultant consequences, but it supplies me with no ultimate motive for obedience. I submit to the thug, the highwayman, and the tyrant for the same reason. Material force is the law for inanimate and brute nature, not for man. My conscience, without God and religion, seeking the reason for obedience to law, turns therefore to the literature of the day, to writers on the moral law, and to professors occupying the chairs of philosophy in our universities. “ What is the ultimate reason, ” I ask, “why I must obey the law?” “You must obey,” is the answer, “because men in the past have agreed that you should obey. It is all a matter of conventionality and custom and human agreement. Men agree that murder is wrong—you must not commit it; that stealing is wrong—you must avoid it; that law must be respected—you must respect it.” “And if men agreed otherwise?'’ asks the conscience. “In that case,” comes the reply, “it would be different. Human agreement is the highest tribunal in the matter.” Is it strange, that with such a theory rampant, Bolshevism and disrespect for law are spreading through the land? There is no essential distinction between right and wrong, vice and virtue. It is mere human agreement. Let us agree otherwise. There is also a third cause for this disrespect, a cause that is a direct consequence of the other two, namely the common lack of moral training for the young. What moral training can be given when there is no solid foundation for a moral life, or when the minds of parents themselves are confused and perverted? The moral foundation of a child is a constant labor, and what parent that considers morality mere convention, is going to bother himself seriously about it? If parents with sound principles are often careless, it is rank stupidity to expect greater zeal in others. Hence the growing disrespect for law that is permeating 62 TIIE 10 X ATI AX ami menacing the world. The disrespect for law in the legislator and ruler, the disrespect for law in the governed, each in his own way is undermining its majesty. If tin law would be respected, it must respect itself. It must he reasonable in the number of limitations that it puts upon its subjects, reasonable in the sacrifices that it requires of them, reasonable in its manner of enforcement. Above all, it must recognize the limitations of its sphere, and respect the natural and the Divine law, which are the surest safeguards of itself. It must look with clear and steadfast gaze to tlie common welfare; rise above corruption and bribery and private gain ; stand firm in defending the just rights of all; and bear unbending the gusts of fanaticism and bigotry that insolently claim for themselves exclusive rights. Only thus will it merit respect. It can do much in upbuilding morality in its subjects by repressing open scandals. Jt can achieve more by leaving unhampered the private agencies that dedicate themselves to the noble object of moral uplift, showing sympathy, at least when it can do no more. And while complete success may not crown its efforts, its spirit of fairness will help to limit, in great measure, disrespect for law. The people, too, must do their part in observing true laws, for as Chief Justice Taft said recently, “the safety of society is in obedience to law.” Nor must we forget the stirring exhortation of Abraham Lincoln—“Let every American, every lover of liberty, every well-wisher to his posterity, swear by the blood of the Revolution never to violate in the least particular, the laws of the country, and never to tolerate their violation by others. Let reverence for the laws be breathed by every American mother to the lisping babe that prattles in her lap; let it be taught in schools, in seminaries and in colleges; let it be preached from the pulpit, proclaimed in the legislative halls, and enforced in courts of justice. In short, let it become the political religion of the nation.” Thus uniting, on the part of legislators, laws that merit DISAPPOIX PM EX TS 63 our submission, ami. on the part of subjects, not mere conventionality but enlightened conscience, we shall lessen in great part, if, through human frailty, we cannot totally destroy, disrespect for law. Disappointments Neil McCall ion, Law ’25 In childhood’s hour full oft I've built A fortress in the sand, And watched the inrush of the waves Turned back at its command. But every surge unto those walls l’p closer brought the sea Until the waves my turrets felled In wild triumphant glee. And now in dreams, as oft, I build Vast projects, fortunes large, Which scarce completed melt before Reality's grim charge. Is yonder child who cries because The moon it cannot clasp, Less wise than we who daily pine For things we cannot grasp? In the School of Experience Henry Smith, Letters, ’26. I. The office into which James Clark, Jr., was conducted was indeed a princely affair. The 1 hick green carpet on the iloor evidently spelled prosperity; the glass-topped desks, the leather-backed chairs, well everything in general so loudly spoke of “ready money, that von were bewildered; at least, ordinary people were. “Off with your coat, man, and make yourself at home. said a cheery voice, “the day is sultry. Come over here.” it added in a lower tone, “I was afraid my letter had miscarried. “Got your letter all right, said Clark, as he disposed of his coat, “and another one from my broke) telling me that he sold my stock .just before the slump. But say, Jim, that's a mighty fine sketch you have over there. Mind if I take a peep at it ?” The sketch referred to was on the wall near an open door. Through it, Clark had gotten a glimpse of a face and head that had interested him. He wanted the opportunity of studying them without appearing to do so. Why? He might have found it hard to analyze the reason. But reason or whim, lie felt the inclination, and circumstances with him were such that he could usually follow out even his inclinations. For a few moments he seemed absorbed, though he was not, in a study of the sketch. “Pretty slick,” lie murmured, as he turned away. He was speaking not of the picture but of the man. “If I’m not mistaken I've seen that face before. For the moment he could not recall where. “Now Jim,” said Alt . Taylor, confidentially, as they seated themselves, “here we are just as we were at school, only with this slight and unimportant difference, that there X T1IE SCHOOL OF EXPERIEXCE 63 you were generally engaged in turning over money to me and here I am to turn over,” he lowered his voice even more, “quite an amount of money to you.” “All right. Alt' Pockets are empty. Dump the shekels,” grinned Jim, “we ll go hack to tin good old days and I’ll let you help me spend them.” “Oh! I don’t mean it exactly in that way,” was the smiling rejoinder, “even in a gold mine you don’t just shovel out the gold.” “I don't know,” retorted Jim, “I’ve heard of gold mines where they shovelled out gold-bricks aplenty. So if it’s that, A1 f. none for yours truly.” ‘•You don’t think that I’m in that kind of business, do you Jim ?” asked the other reddening. ‘ Were I not convinced of its honesty, I wouldn’t be here. Much less would I invest my last cent in it. Not that it’s much,” he added, “it’s only three thousand, but it’s much to me.” Jim placed his hand affectionately on his companion’s shoulder. “1 wouldn’t distrust you, Alf. if I’d the gold-brick here before my eyes, and the acid test had told me what it was. I’d start gunning for the higher-up.” lie jerked his thumb toward the open door. “Who’s that crook in there?” he asked. Taylor looked at Jim reproachfully. “That’s the boss,” he said, “Mr. La Chance. Put you’ve missed the mark when you call him a crook, lie’s a shrewd business man, but as straight as they make them.” “La Chance who is looking up property on Third avenue?” “Yes,” said Taylor, “you see this proposition of ours is a mighty big one and we shall need our own building. Now to wait until everybody realizes how big it is, and sees the money rolling in. and then purchase,” said Taylor speaking lowly and impressively, “would be poor business. You sec that, Jim. He was repeating what Mr. La Chance had said to him not half an hour before, lie did not say so to Jim, but ()() THE 1GXATIAX Jim load 1 lie quotation marks even if unexpressed. • I ?vc soon that crook before,” muttered Jim, “or bunco-steerer, or green-goods man ’—his eyes suddenly twinkled and a grin spread from oar to oar—“1 think I have him placed, ho said, “but I must hoar his voice. Sort of persuasive, isn't ho? Doesn’t care for money for its own sake—wants to help the other follow, and all that ? “And what if his voice is persuasive?” asked Taylor, “does that make him a crook? And if ho does want to help the other follow, when it is to mutual advantage, is that a crime? What’s got into you, Jim? Do you think there’s no decency, no honesty, no idealism in life?” “Oh, I think there’s plenty, A If. in chaps like you, but to put (‘very man in your class is to rush blindly to the other extreme. I wouldn’t like to see you duped, Alt’., he said kindly, “and so I came.” A1 f. looked with equal affection into those calm blue eyes. “It was awfully good of you to think of me that way, Jim. but now. to come to the point. What do you really know about the proposition that I was to make to you ? 1 made none in my letter.” “Well, on general principles,” said Jim. “On general principles, repeated Alf. .who saw his advantage. “I was not going to ask you to come into the Imperial Consolidated Boring Co. on general principles, but on the concrete and indisputable facts which I was prepared to submit. He put his hands in his pockets, smiled benignly, threw himself back in his chair, and allowed his eyes to rest triumphantly on a set of documents spread out on his desk. “There,” he said, “are the facts. When we have gone over them, you'll change your opinion.” “Caught, lambasted, beat flat as a pancake,” laughed Jim. “Hand over the dope.” lie turned the pages with seeming care. Yes, there was more honesty in the world than he perhaps imagined. People IX TIIE SCHOOL OF EXPERIENCE G7 like Alf. still thought that others were as honest as themselves. Admitting the data, the profits of the Imperial Consolidated would naturally he enormous. The data—there was the rub. lie knew more of the matter than Alf. suspected. He had been privately investigating, and had hoped to convince his friend without going too much into details. In this he saw that he would fail. He must have all his cards ready before he showed his hand. He knew that he would not have long to wait. Perhaps the answers to his inquiries were awaiting him in his office. He handed the papers back and nodded his head: “Yes, I judged on general principles,” he said, “and, as you remarked, general principles may not cover every case, I was thinking, no doubt, of certain special cases of mine.” “The first time that I received data, very, very similar to these —no, the sender wasn’t named La Chance, and the stock wasn't Imperial Consolidated Boring—I knew that Fortune had singled me out as her favored God-child. I didn’t stop to question, why? That was Fortune's business, not mine. Mine was to get Dad's check; the amount telegraphed, if possible. I was on pins and needles and could scarcely sleep, lest others cut me out. The answer came by letter. My hands trembled as I opened it. The envelope contained a blank sheet and was signed James Clark, Sr.” “I had already some experience in reading Dad’s hieroglyphics. so my trained eye took the answer in at a glance. In the judgment of James (lark. Senior, I was a blank fool, the blankness proportionate to the unused space. I was disconcerted, to say the least, but not convinced. A proposition even more attractive than the first came to hand. Dad would surely help me now. I wrote confidingly. The return mail brought the reply. It was the rude outline of a large fish that so filled the page as to leave no room for writing. Even a man with half an eye could have read the uncomplimentary word ‘fishy’; much more so I. who had two whole ones. A Bavtshaw. A. Morse. L. Kellchei . J. McCarthy. F. FRESHMAN LAW Dhue. F. Marsh. L. Moretti. R. Keil. E. (toary. J. Struthors. M. Tomlin. C. Sheehy. C. O’Brien. J. SENIOR LETTERS Donnelley. N. Premo. M. Buckley. E. Smith. B. O’Neill. A. 70 THE 1 Gy AT I AS doad-surc proposition confidentially communicated, that arrived later, impelled me to a third venture. As before I was not kept waiting. A very small fish was drawn at the top of the page, and under it in letters as large as the page would contain I read 1A sucker—James Clark, Jr.' I never wrote again. Yet Fortune, in spite of neglect and ill-treatment, had destined me for easy-money, so she persuaded Dad lo send me up to one of his lumber camps.” Jim had been speaking in a tone which he know could not he understood in the other room. He did not trust La Chance. He knew that he would try to listen, and failing to hear what was said, would he driven by curiosity to seek an open interview. He would thus bo able to study his features and voice. He was not therefore astonished to see Taylor rising and to hear him sav: “Oh, come in, Mr. La Chance. Allow me the pleasure of introducing to you Mr. James Clark, Jr.” The pleasure was, of course, mutual. Would Mr. La Chance sit? He was very, very busy, hut might do so for a moment. “By the way,” lie said, addressing Taylor, “I’m worried about that large block of stock we put on the market. I’ve learned that Morgan and some others are working underhand to get it. whereas as we agreed, only the small holders should have it. Of course,” he added, addressing Jim, “in a large concern like ours, Mr. Taylor and myself realize that large corporations must have a chance. We don't want to fight them. We are willing to divide with them, hut the little fellows are the ones we are after.” “After?” queried Jim, seemingly puzzled. “After, to benefit, to share with us, to have an opportunity,” said La Chance with befitting unction. Jim’s eyes brightened. La Chance’s were already bright. Whose eyes could lx dull in the brightness of such unselfishness? “In that case. Mr. La Chance,” he said. “I might—I might—you want the little fellows—1 might. He stopped for a moment seeming to think deeply, “I might have five or ten dollars myself to put into your concern. Mind, I IN THE SCHOOL OF EXPERIENCE 71 don’t promise, I only say I might. (Jeer lie exclaimed excitedly, as he thrust out his hand, “what would the world be if there were many like you?” For a moment the eyes of La Chance were a study. The light flickered, went out, flickered again, as when a new current is turned into the wires. Then it blazed serenely; he was master of himself. He could not refuse the hand, but the touch that Jim experienced strongly recalled to his mind the fishy symbols sketched by his appreciative father. But if Mr. La Chance's touch was cold and somewhat sticky, and approaching the temperature of the coin which he so loved to handle, he made haste to show that he could warm up in other ways. He had never, never been accused of being a man of few words, except, when on several occasions. he had said, “not guilty” to twelve attentive fellow citizens. He preferred, of course, to start with a sympathetic listener, but “he would never, he said, “belie his name and lose a chance. The self-starter worked beautifully. The gas tank was full and the engine oil flowed so smoothly, that when the gears were shifted into high, they went without a click. La Chance was stepping on her now. Faster and faster he went until he came to a stopping place in a flourish of order blank and fountain pen. “But,” he said, beaming on Jim, “you would never think now of five or ten dollars; five or ten thousand as a starter would be little. Our friends, you know, we take in by the front door.” Jim did not ask him where he let them out. He did not even offer to take the pen. “Truly,” he said, rising, “after all that you have told me, Mr. La Chance, I wouldn’t dream of putting five or ten dollars into your stock. The thing would be absurd on the face of it. i’ll talk the matter over, however, with Mr. Taylor at lunch. See you at the Good Times at twelve thirty, Alf.” he chirruped. He bowed his way out. He was certain now of the nature of the business. He was certain of the man. 72 THE I OS ATI AS II. At half past twelve Alt’. Taylor sat at a private table in the Good Times. Ten. fifteen minutes passed, lie was getting nervous. Punctuality was his hobby, lb disliked, moreover. to bolt his food. Yet he ought to be back at the office at half past one. Every few minutes he glanced at his watch: it tick-ticked as unconcernedly as ever. One o’clock in due time arrived. He was debating what he should do when Jim entered. Taylor's greeting was not effusive. “Gheer up.” said Jim. “Forget the joint up there, can’t you? The lunch is on me.” A waiter appeared and he gave a liberal order. “How did the ogre take me?” he asked. “Expects you to come in all right.” answered Taylor, “ultimately.” “That’s it—ultimately—” said Jim. “he gives himself a long time.” “You saw the figures.” “Pshaw!” was the unsympathetic response. “I could have written bigger ones myself.” The lunch was served and for a few minutes there was silence. “Your boss didn’t allow me to finish my story this morning.” said Jim, “so I 'll finish it now. I was sent up, as I said, into one of Dad’s lumber camps. One evening a machine drove in and we gathered around it. ‘Having a good time, boys?’ asked the genial occupant. He seemed to me a little tipsy. ‘Working for the dirty dollar? I suppose’, he added. ‘Pshaw! what's money good for?’ ‘To have an auto, and dress as you do, and be sure of three square meals,' sang out one of the crew. ‘Guess again,’ he said, ‘but you'd never guess. It's to give it away.’ He eyed us. noting our surprise. ‘Gentlemen.’ he said, ‘I'm introducing this new soap ‘Giving it away?’ chimed in a voice. ‘Exactly he announced back, ‘and giving more.’ He took up a cake of soap and tore off the wrapper. Then lie held up a bunch of ten dollar bills. ‘Let any man step up and examine them i tup: school of experience 73 ■ A man stepped forward. ‘They look all right to me he said. Two others confirmed his judgment. “Now watch me closely as I wrap this soap.’ He stopped a moment, seemingly intent on someone in the hack of the crowd. ‘Hey, there. Nosey.’ In said, ‘just where did you swipe it!' The man insulted started for tin auto. Hands held him hack. Those in front turned their heads. ‘Attention! Attention V yelled the soap wrapper. ‘Watch these ten dollar Hi 1 Is. Any that want one and a cake of soap, need only pass up five.’ We felt as it we were robbing him. but we bought the soap. Even when the ten dollar bills gave out, we were clamoring for more. (’leaned out pretty well tonight, boys,’ he said confidingly, as he stepped on the gas. Yes, we were pretty well cleaned out.” “But he freely made you a gift of five dollars, said Taylor. “Huh,” snorted Jim. “That cake of soap cost me a good five. IIis tens were counterfeit. James (’lark Junior s ideas underwent a change and he agreed with his Dad that henceforth easy money would be taboo. ‘•Hut our company isn't like that,” asserted Taylor, doggedly, “I know. “Well,” said Jim, “I have only to submit my proofs. I asked Dad about your Imperial Consolidated. “He passed an envelope to Taylor. Alf. opened it. ‘‘There’s nothing inside, he remarked, puzzled. “Just Dad's way of putting it,” asserted Jim, calmly. “And just squint at this. It's from the very scene of operations, ‘wilder than wildcat.' That's pretty strong. And this—and this.” he added, shoving letters and telegrams towards him. Taylor’s face fell as he read. “Every dollar I have is in the concern,” he said. “This ruins me.” “Get your money out. 74 THE IGX ATI AS “What, sell my stock to somebody else, when 1 know it’s rotten?” “People do it,” said Jim. “Yes,” answered Taylor, “people like La Chance.” “Oh, no,” said Jim, “people highly respected. It’s business. ’ ’ Taylor shrugged his shoulders. “Guess Father Tim would give my conscience a touching-up the next time I saw him,” he answered, dryly. “That others have stolen from me doesn’t justify me in becoming a thief in turn.” Looking up he caught a smile on Jim’s face. Father Tim’s name had brought it. “You really didn’t mean it,” he said. “No,” came the answer, “between Father Tim and Dad 1 must walk the narrow path; so we’ll get La Chance to take the stock and so refund the money.” Taylor shook his head. “It’s a principle of his never to take anything back.” “He’s wise,” said Jim, “but he’ll give you your money because I’ll offer him something better. You know he wants the property on Third avenue. It’s a gilt-edged investment, and I have an option on it. Now I don’t want to sink too much money into property or I’d handle the thing alone. So I ‘11 let you in for three thousand cash, which must come from your returned stock. On condition that you are in the deal, I’ll take La Chance in for the rest. He'll know all right that I am offering him a good thing, and he’ll imagine that when he’s in, by hook or by crook he'll work us out. Trust him.” “He’ll squirm,” objected Taylor. “Come on.” Jim took him by the arm. La Chance did indeed squirm, but finally he consented. He would liked to have his part in Imperial Consolidated, but Jim was firm. They could talk of Imperial Consolidated later. When everything was over, and Jim rose to go. La Chance was all smiles. “I’m delighted, Mr. Clark. You can’t imagine A WISH how delighted i am to he associated with you for the first time in business,” ho said blandly. “Pardon me,” returned Jim, “This, Mr. La Chance, is not the first but the second time. The first was when in my father’s lumber camp you were giving away soap wrapped in ten dollar bills.” Jerome Duffy, Lav , ’26 “Oh, for the wings of a bird,” I cried, “To soar up to heights unseen, While ground-bound mortals idly mope, Or can only gaze and dream. “Oh, to be wafted by sunlit cloud, To drift and wander through space. While the schemes and plots of this sordid world Lash othere in grilling race. For each heart should know, and each heart should seek The peace and the beauty of life; Then bend we not to the powers of ill That enmesh our souls in strife. The Fateful Ninth William X. ('tmnolhj, Uujli School, 92-1. The ninth has reached its second half, “One up” the score-board read; The puzzled batter fans the air, “‘One out,’’ the umpire said. The batter up is fleet of foot I Jut N. G. with the stick; “Batter to base.” rings o'er the field, Four balls have turned the trick. The clean-up man the willow grasps. The fans are on their feet; “Lose it”, they cry; “forget the fence;” Ah! flattery is sweet. Too great the risk; a double play Looms up before his eyes; He steels his heart, he shuts his ears And bunts a sacrifice. Thrown out at first, he grimly turns; To self he gives no thought; The man on second gets tin praise By him so dearly bought. The pitcher now must twirl his best; He curves a wicked “in”; “One strike,” in thunder tones announced Is smothered in the din. “A foul.” “a ball;” the crowd grows tense; A crack breaks on the air. “lie’s singled,” shouts the frantic throng; The hit has landed fair. THE FATEVI L :SIXTH The man from second touches third, lies racing for the plate; An angry ball sent whizzing home Arrives a moment late. In headlines on the Sporting Page Throughout the nation wide, The batter’s and the runner’s names Arc standing glorified. Hut his who by his sacrifice Favor from Fortune wrung, With careless mention is passed o'er, I’nhonored and unsung. So 'tis in life too oft, alas! As on Sport’s witching field, What strikes the eyes, what gaudier shows, Will ampler honors yield Not few, of others’ sacrifice Will make a stepping-stone, And in the glory of success Will claim the meed alone. Hut what cares he whom conscience lauds With sweet bewitching tongue, That brainless heads should pass him o’er I nhonored and unsung? Durkin. E. Kuku!«?s. C. MacVoan, J. McQuaid. D. Brown. E. O'Brien. W t SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Wilson. A. McCarthy. J. Hughes. J Cavcney. K. Sullivan. R. Chase. C. Murphy. D. Lynch. C. Jewel. C. Hearney, L. Morton. F. Kirby. F. Jgnattan Published by llu Students of St. Ignatius College Sax Francisco, California June, 1924 Editor Aloysius P. O’Neill, ’24 Associate Editors William A. O’Brien. ’24 Charles F. Buggies, ’24 Alumni Notes ... - William A. O’Brien, 24 Law Notes - - - Thomas P. O’Brien, ’25 Fniversitv Notes - - - Charles F. Rugglcs, ’24 Athletics.................................William Doyle, ’27 High School Notes - - - William N. Connolly, 24 High School Athletics - - - Kenneth Doyle, '24 Business Manager Donald McQuaid, 24 Circulation Manager James E. Coleman, ’26 Editorial ALUMNI AssociATION ST. IGNATIES has long waged a heroic tight against mighty obstacles, and her efforts are beginning to have their reward. The drive now in progress practically assures a new college building on Ignat ian Heights. Every alumnus has longed for the day when his Alma Mater should have a worthy edifice. That day is at hand, and the Alumni Association should see to it that every graduate is enrolled in the active membership of the organization. With the strength ot numbers, and unity of effort, the alumni can accomplish much that would of necessity be otherwise undone. EDITORIAL 81 The graduate more than any other knows the value of a sound and thorough education joined with religious training. Why then should he not give his best efforts to the perpetuation of that mighty force for good, a Christian education ? Let every graduate resolve anew to aid his college to the best, of his ability. With such splendid prospects for St. Ignatius there can be no room for apathy and indifference among her alumni. • « • • 0 Tin : Collkgk There are many who prate about the advantages of our modern university liberal education, but what they so glibly term a liberal education is too often but a hodge-podge of radical theories, half-baked ideas, and pseudo-scientific systems. If there is one thing in which St. Ignatius may take just pride, it is that its curriculum is not daily altered to suit the whims of any particular person or group. It fully realizes that the mind can only be developed by mental exercise, and not by any substitute. More and more, our larger universities arc tending towards the elimination of mental and moral training, and offering an excessive liberality of choice of subjects, and a curriculum which does not broaden but only coats with a thin veneer of so-called culture. That education alone is valuable which is founded upon a firm and solid basis, reinforced by continued study. Our modern colleges lay no foundation whereon to build. The glory and value of Jesuit education is that it has steadfastly adhered to its Ratio Studiorum and has never deviated 'from it. • • • • • Mutual Aid In the last three years the student body of the College has increased about two hundred per cent. That’s something to think about. It means that in spite of financial difficulty. 82 TIIE IG SAT I AS adversity, and lack of proper facilities St. Ignatius College is forging ahead. But increase in numbers means an increase in problems. Formerly the Freshman class came directly from our own prep school. Nearly fifty per cent of the present student body comes from outside high schools. This means that almost half the student body is unacquainted with St. Ignatius tradition. Student organization will help and has helped, but it is powerless to make progress alone. The neophytes must learn from the old grads the spirit that animates I gnat inn activities. What is needed is more of the get-together spirit between alumni and undergraduates, more affairs of the nature of the Smoker given recently by the College to the Alumni. Mutual reciprocity in social affairs of this kind will help greatly to inculcate true college spirit in newcomers to St. Ignatius, and preserve it in her graduates. • e e © Athletic Prowess St. Ignatius, during the past year, has demonstrated that her athletes are to be reckoned with when it comes to athletic supremacy. The College basketball team has had a most successful season, winning fourteen out of eighteen games from the best club and college teams on the Coast. The college baseball team has entered upon its second season, and as before, has given a good account of itself. Football is to be given a place on the next year’s college athletic schedule, and spring practice has unfolded plenty of gridiron talent for next season's football team. The high school too has made great progress in athletics. The prep athletes are conceded the high school baseball championship by those who should know. Basketball has been up to the standard, though no championships were won this year. The Ignatian traeksters have shown unlooked for strength, and in the meets held thus far, have either won or EDITORIAL 83 tied for honors. Tennis and swimming, hitherto overlooked, have been receiving attention, and we expect in the near future to have winning teams in these sports. A great factor in our athletic advance, has been the expert coaching of Jimmy Needles. His sportsmanlike spirit has been a splendid example to his charges. Ed Varni has exerted himself in putting forth a baseball team worthy of the Red and Blue. We desire to congratulate these able coaches on their fine work, and wish them greater success in the future. © © Pre-Medicai, The students of the Pro-Medical Department following the example of the other classes, organized a Pre-Medical Club which had for its purpose the fostering of a proper spirit among the future medicos. Lectures on medicine were given to the students by leading doctors. The social side was not neglected, and numerous outings were held. The organization announced its intention of awarding prizes to the pre-medical students for essays on medicine. When the new college building is erected, a full medical course will be introduced, and our medical students will be able to obtain their complete medical education at St. Ignatius College. In Memoriam no Departed This Life on December 13, 1923. Neil McCallion, Law ’25 When wind blows white caps from the wave, the spray A moment flashes baek the sun's pure light In rainbows small, and fairy-like, and bright. Then quickly sinks to mingle with the billows gray. Thus 1 is with us. From out life's ceaseless surge Upsprings a joy. whose momentary gleam Our way makes bright and roseate— a dream: Then sinks with dull existence once again to merge. May ITe Rest in Peace. THE Principal event on the social calendar of the Alumni Association took place on December 5th, 1923, when the annual banquet was held in the Italian Room of the St. Francis Hotel. The manifestation of spirit and fellowship exhibited among those present was surely enough to repay the busiest of the old boys who made an effort to get there. There was a goodly turnout but we cannot help but notice that it is always the faces of the same old guard that we see while a great number of our forgetful brethren are habitually lacking. Some of the absentees have pleaded the excuse of never receiving any notice of Alumni affairs. These unfortunate members should not feel slighted for such oversight, however, for the situation may be easily remedied by notifying the secretary, Darrell Daley, or any of the other officers of the association. President Harold Caulfield acted as toastmaster and called a halt in the festivities just long enough to let a few of the members tell the assembled merrymakers just why they were so glad that they came. Charles Knights, ’12, arose and delivered a poem by M. F. Buckley 00. Hon. Jermiah F. Sullivan, 70, perhaps the oldest member of the association, then arose to demonstrate that his interest in the old college has but deepened with the years. Chairman Caulfield having succeeded in dissuading Bill Sweigcrt and Ed. Varni from continuing to give vent to their emotions in sweetest melody, the Hon. James 1). Phelan, ’81, 86 THE IGXAT1AX addressed the company in his usual splendid manner. The formal speeches were concluded by a brief address from Rev. Pius L. Moore, S. J., President of St. Ignatius College. That does not mean that all speeches were concluded no, indeed; there was much copious expression of fine sentiment from various quarters of the house but unfortunately we have not space to chronicle them all here. Another event was added to the calendar of Alumni activities this year when the members of the association were entertained at a joint smoker by the Student Body of the Day College. The purpose of the affair was to arouse interest among the old boys in undergraduate activities. It is to be deeply regretted that more of our quondam undergrads were not on hand, for the spirit and frank expression of opinion by the boys of this later vintage was surely enough to awake all old timers to a sense of responsibility. We notice that various members of the Alumn . were placed on committees for the Day College Prom and also for the First Annual Ball of the Law School. Both student bodies have shown a desire to accord the greatest recognition possible to the members of the Alumni Association. It is gratifying to see the undergrads launching these new efforts with such splendid success and such efforts are particularly to be encouraged as they provide additional opportunity for a sociable get-together of the old boys. It was good to see the crowd of old boys that were present at the Boosters Luncheon for the May Festival held at the St. Francis Hotel, but it was a real treat to hear the representative of the former students, Thomas W. Hickey, express his deep regard for those good men who gave all in order to develop us into full fledged Alumni. Tom’s words didn’t simply please but they stirred that something far below the surface for, as he himself said, he spoke “intensely.” ’15 At a considerable distance from the speakers’ table we noticed none other than Warren W. Brown. A. B., tnat AIA'MX I 87 wise man from the East, who just arrived in town and who deserted all thoughts of the make-up room just long enough to come up to the Boosters Luncheon and tell Heinie Flood, “Jakie,” and the rest of the old gang how they do it around Times Square. ’99 Rev. George G. Fox, A. B., S. J., Professor of Philosophy and Public Speaking at Santa Clara University, ever an enthusiast in the promotion of the dramatic art made two very substantial contributions to his favorite Muse during the past year when he directed the Santa Clara Dramatic Art Contest and produced the morality play “Everyman.” The critics, professional and self-appointed, were unanimously agreed that our genial alumnus raised this otherwise drab morality play to the level of a real artistically presented entertainment. ’10 We are in receipt of an announcement to the effect that Vincent K. Butler entered the blissful state recently when he wed Miss Lucy Hanchett at Montecito, Cal. Congratulations old bean! We noticed from our association with Yin at the Alumni Banquet that he still keeps up his familiarity with Horace. We trust that the cause of our felicitations will in no way prevent him from continuing to exercise this familiarity with those quotations which so often induced Maecenas to visit the Sabine Farm. T6 Tom Lennon, A. B., will receive his M. D. degree from the University of California this June. As a fitting prologue to the event on New Year’s Eve Tom announced to the assembled guests gathered together at the paternal seat his betrothal to Miss Katherine Buckley. ’21 Nicholas Buja Maroevich, A. B., familiarly known as ‘li’l Ish” or “Ishi II,” not to be outdone by his big brother Ivan, now comes before us and summarily announces in unmistakable terms that he is to become a Benedict. Just think of it, Ish, whom the assembled faculty of this venerable institution were unable to tame, is completely subdued, and in less than three years out of college. The lucky girl is Miss Jordan. C. Scully. J. Sheehan, L. McGloin. I). SENIOR HIGH SC HOOL Donohue, J. RufTino. B. O’Connor. C. Hayden. K. Rudden. J. Shcerin, B. Kitterman. J. Doyle. K. r I I I. I)o Andreas. C. Barrett. J. Boland. J. Ritchie. E. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Henncberry. J. Connolly. G. McCormack. W. Boland. W. O'Sullivan. B. McSweoney. K. McMurdo. R. Daley. YV. 90 THE Hi SAT IAS Eugenia Farmer. Ish will not he without company in embarking on the matrimonial sea, however, for his former classmate Howard Bourne, A. B., has but recently announced his engagement to Miss Eileen Egan. Two gone. Rather a high percentage for such recent vintage. Next? ’23 William T. Sweigert, A. B., 21, LL.B., and Edward I. Fitzpatrick, A. B., ’21, LL.B., made their premier appearance as judges at the High School debate this year. Both Hill and Ed were star forensic athletes both for St. Ignatius College and High School. Ed admits that he had a hard time to maintain his judicial dignity, harboring a subconscious urge that the chairman would call him next and that he ought to climb up on the stage. Bill confesses that he now feels quite old and responsible. Joe McKnew is a junior in the firm of Thomas, Bccdy and Lanagan. Ed “Phat” Varni, LL.B., is still connected with the institution. He has been retained as coach of high school and Varsity baseball. George E. Devine, A. B., is to be seen around the corridors of an evening looking fat and prosperous. He is a junior in the College of Law. His days are devoted to lending his talents to the Hartford Insurance Co. George has already assumed the aspect of a fat paunched corporation attorney. No, he is not yet an attorney. Gerald J. O’Gara, A. B., is still in the newspaper game. He is doing sports for Mike I)e Young’s organization as you no doubt know from perusing the Sporting Green. Jerry is attending Hastings College of Law. Edmund I. Slater, A. B., is with the New York Life. He is also attending law classes at St. Ignatius. ’24 The members of the class of ’24 are now on the brink waiting to take the plunge. Some fourteen Letters men and as many more LL.B’s are anticipating commencement with much trepidation. “Dud” Smith has entered professional ball with Charley Graham’s Seals. “Imp” Begley will not take ALUMNI 5)1 his degree this year having already left under contract with the Cincinnati “Reds.” Before leaving the “Imp” passed the bar and took unto himself a wife. Ed. Buckley, Cy Sheehy, Milt Premo and Neil Donnelly will pursue the study of medicine. Charlie Buggies, Maxwell McVean, Don McQuaid. A1 O’Neill and Johnnie and Bill O’Brien all entertain legal aspirations. Earle Brown will be associated with Edw. W. Brown Co., while “Master Durkin is already connected with Tne State Accident Commission. It was with great satisfaction that at the last commencement we learned that the degree of Doctor of Laws was to be conferred upon Raymond T. Peeley, S. J. A. M., LL.B. Bay is pursuing his philosophical studies at the Jesuit Scho-lasticate. Mount St. Michaels, Hillyard, Wash. During his many years at St. Ignatius, Bay endeared himself both as student and professor to his many friends who now anxiously look forward to the time when he will return as a Beverend member of the Faculty. Among the old faithfuls always to the fore in the interest of all things connected with St. Ignatius we accord a foremost place to Darrell W. Daley, A. B. LL.B. Darrell is still with the Flood Estate. If you’ve been to any of the Alumni affairs you’ve seen him. For singular service to St. Ignatius Church and College we nominate for the Hall of Fame Frank P. Hughes. In all activities to liquidate the debt Frank Hughes has been to the fore but especially so in the May Festival. He is doing a substantial service to Alma Mater. Wc need more like him. “Semper Fidelis” C. Harold Caulfield is always “in the fighting when it comes to St. Ignatius. The student bodies of high school and college were favored with a few remarks from Harold recently on the occasion of a joint rally for the May Festival. SEX I OK TO ALE things there must come an end. Thus we Seniors find ourselves at the end of our course. And what a course it has been; a constant struggle, a constant endeavor to find out what it is all about. In these four years we have, 4‘if we may say so ourselves, and we may.” put in some good licks with Blackstone and his confreres. We have worked and toiled, labored and sweated, that we might make ourselves fit for that profession into which we seek admission. But we have not devoted ourselves entirely to the study of law. When the interclasx basketball began last fall, we were considered to be amongst those “who also played. What with Tom O’Neill running the floor like a wild locomotive, causing fear in the hearts of our opponents, with the inimitable “Imp” shooting goals from all angles of the court and Dykes continually appearing where they weren't, we made short work of the opposition and came out of the squabble the victors. Our activities, however, did not cease here. Witness Art Bolger, as indicative of our spirit of exhilaration, maintaining his position as a representative of the California Bar, and Cashin, rising in his dignity, strenuously denying the same. Incidentally Cashin is desirous of knowing what happened on December 23rd last. The Bar Examination is but a short time away. Thoughts of other things have flown from us. Most of us are preparing for the coming test. Some of us have already “crossed the bar,” the rest of us, however— Well, we have confidence in the outcome. LAW SCHOOL XOTES Speaking of the Bar Examination recalls to us the rotund figure of a young man known for his equitable tendencies, who is seized with uncontrollable fear when it is mentioned that men over thirty have as much chance of passing the bar ex. as a camel has of passing through the eye of a needle. W. lTrie Walsh has spent his four years in trying to become a lawyer without studying law. Shy and retiring Meurice, beloved by his fellow playmates, has astounded the class by his ability to absorb cases. The peculiar kids, Doyle and Malone, emulate the famous little verse of our school days, “Mary had a little lamb and everywhere that Mary went, the lamb was sure to go.” Bill Murphy’s engaging smile and fascinating personality are more engaging and fascinating than ever. Bill has reserved a few rows at the K. C. Auditorium for his numerous admirers amongst the fair sex. Henry Meadows hasn’t endured enough in his four years of legal research. He is contemplating marriage immediately after graduation. Boisterous Tom O’Neill, the playground daddy, is often caught day-dreaming (something (juitc remarkable for a night student) and we are forced to the conclusion that Tom thinks a certain King to be somewhat of a queen. Jack Keefe Bray has, by his acrobatic performances in moot court, given promise of becoming a great trial lawyer. Barney Oldfield Bolger, lawyer par excellence, who has blazed a trail to legal success in the short space of one year, has set an example worthy of emulation by other aspirants to the bar. Bolger’s new puddle jumper, which indicates the nature and extent of his prosperity, is a source of revenue to the various garages around town. When the professor’s chauffeur, Swim, is indisposed, the genial Ivan Bean, seeking enlightenment upon Federal Procedure, a subject for which he has an unquenchable thirst, insists upon paying Mr. McKinley’s fare. Jim Robinson, authority on baseball, taxicabs and negotiable instruments, will vacation this summer, sans law hooks and the frown. Jim contemplates expending his tremendous energy as a cotillion leader this fall. Frank 94 TIIE 10 S AT I AS Ford finds it impossible to support a mustache and a wife and two kids at the same time. Our long journey has been cheered and our burdens lightened by the wit and anecdotes of Judge Egan, whose views on disarmament and modern warfare have never been equaled. Chief Spear, the Jackie Ooogan of the class, gives indication, by his eloquent pleading. of becoming another Demosthenes. Freethinker, Tosi, noted for his ability to expound the Law of Community Property (i. e. what is yours is mine) and by the fact that he is a veteran of many battles (parlor encounters) still thinks that Equitable Estoppel is the name of a soft drink. Scotty Warrack, exponent of the terpsichorean art, has, since a certain memorable night in February, become an authority on personal relations, specializing on that portion relating to alienation of affections. Louie Smith maintains that it is an unjust thing to allow a biased court to nonsuit a plaintiff who has spent many weeks in preparing his case. We have always entertained a lurking suspicion that Henry Jacobsen was cursed with the gambling instinct, and our suspicions are more or less confirmed by persistent rumors to the effect that “Jake,” is about to take a plunge into the matrimonial sea. Big Jawn O’Sullivan, Irish patriot and sponsor of the Irish Republic after having mastered the intricacies of the law and having become proficient on the subject of Legal Ethics, has taken upon himself with profound sincerity the study of social ethics with firm purpose to practice them as well as the practice of Law. Although regretting the loss of his congenial companionship, we reiterate again our hopes for “Imp” Begley’s success in his chosen profession. We feel certain that his ability and courage will hurdle all obstacles and land him among the ‘ Big Boys.” In closing we wish to extend our humble thanks to the faculty for the patience they have shown us and the learned and enlightening instructions they have given us. To Father LAW SCHOOL NOTES 95 Simpson, our appreciation of his untiring labors in our be-« half and we hope that our later lives will be exemplifications of the standard of honor that he has always taught. JUNIOR Another term has passed into the realm of memories; a year, replete with success, not only from a scholastic point of view, but also from the viewpoint of initiating and fostering ties of loyalty and goodfellowship, which we hope will, after we have graduated, bind us to St. Ignatius. This was done by a committee, headed by Con. Deasey. The association, known as the “Barrister's Court, elected Yal Ilammack to the chair, and under his administration sponsored four minute talks, parties and the class banquet. All of those present enjoyed the class banquet, and later enjoyed Tom O’Keefe's party—from the outside. The whole social contingent was at the law school dance. Famous Sayings “We need the jack —Val Ilammack. “ ... and other things —Fred Iiiley. “What was that last section? —Fred Carroll. This is important. ’ ’—Cosy rave. Loyd Cosgravc needs a bowling partner. You should hear: Tom O’Brien and Devine give dramatic readings. Ortega advocate the abolition of capital punishment. “Lightning rod Groom is going in for admire-altv law. Now, don’t Donovan and Labagh play nicely together? Professor Dooling: “If a principal entrusts tTie care of a dog to an agent who knows that the dog is vicious, and the dog bites a third party, is the principal liable? Riley: “No. The dog was not acting within the scope of his authority. We wonder why: Burke and Pittman have such an abstracted look. THE IGNAT I AN 9( Welton answers roll so loudly. Slcvin thinks of such extraordinary subjects for talks. -Cronin is so generous with dances with his lady. Brennan never brought back the light. Costello admits that the author of the text book is generally right, but he thinks the authors are wrong in some particulars, at least. (’lass song was Probate Blues. SOPIIOMORK We are now approaching the second milestone on our road to legal fame. Now and then one hears muttcrings of doubt expressed about that day- that awful day—soon to be upon us when our professors arrayed in awe-inspiring splendor like the Spanish Inquisitors of old, will place each of us upon the rack of cross-examination, passing upon our display of legal knowledge, or the lack of it, allowing us to continue, or sending us to scholastic doom. But let us for the while try to banish these painful and disturbing thoughts from our minds, and consider some of the fellows who compose our class. We observe That William A. Micawbcr O’Brien is the leader of beau-hrummel class; That “Serge” Deistel looks good in his Russian costume; That Frank Burke spends the greater part of each day coming from Petaluma; That Jerry Duffy instills a great deal of “spirit” in his class; That Tom Gouldin should be on the bench some day; That Bob Fulton seems to be always collecting money for something; That Faleh and Vi veil can ask their share of the ques-1 ions; That Tom Philpot’s voice needs oiling; LAW SCHOOL XOTKS 97 That the law school dance was well attended hv members of our class; That Ted Roche would give a toothpick for a sawmill any day; , That Hill Hulmcr hates to hear himself talk; That our tobacco king, Ray Greene, has a soft spot in his heart for one of our instructors; That Ches. Keith never loses his smile; That we are indebted to our professors through whose untiring efforts we have been enabled to progress thus far. PKESIIMAX It seems hardly a year since we embarked on our four years’ course and wonderingly trod St. Ignatius’ historic corridor for the first time until we spied our haven above whose door “Freshman Law” was written. Certainly the adage “So near and yet so far’ was singularly brought home to us all as we saw right across the hall from our door another, labeled “Senior Law,” as mute testimony of which thought our class has already borne evidence. Health, work and examinations have taken their toll until the seventy-five brave young souls who resolutely vowed to spend four nights a week for four years have dwindled away to but forty. It might be —Heaven forfend—that Fate has not yet finished with his task, yet picked by that best of selectors, Hard Work, and bound together by that tie of friendship which is so rapidly forged among men in sympathetic circumstances, we are undaunted. and, despite the mournful wails of the trials and tribulations of a Sophomore as they are nightly imparted to us by the second year men, we are strong in our belief that the first ten months are the “times that try mens’ souls.” No need to discourse on the first night. If the beginner was fortunate enough to have some well-known friend smile back at him when he entered the room some of the abruptness was removed, but friends and all were soon forgotten for the professors appeared on the scene and gave us an insight into Henninjr. J. Keating. L. Harry, C. Ward, K. SENIOR HIGH SC HOOL Paynter. E. Piantanida. J. B rusher. J. Bcresford. J. Ward. S Joseph. M. Fulton. R. Fames. J. Flach. G. MrMurray. W. Breen. J. SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Hums, F. McQuade. E. Hubncr. C. Pat ridge, J. Breeden. B. Lauray. A. Hettich, J. 100 THE IGXATIAX our future existence as they assigned our first nights’ lessons. That was in August and with the semi-finals blithely out of the way—though some of the answers to the queries propounded would no doubt have excited and caused much discussion among learned doctors of the law—and only the finals barring the way to a glorious two and one-half months’ vacation the class is getting its second wind and looking forward eagerly to the final lap and test of strength. The steady work of the past year precluded any but the slightest of outside activities and any such small diversion would have to be paid for by the burning of an extra bit of midnight oil. Despite this the class displayed a variety of tastes hardly to be expected among a group all dominated by the same impelling desire. Our social satellites, though they might be accused of ultra-fashionableness by reason of their late starts, could not be reprimanded for absence from or delinquency in their studies. Edward Keil and Costello are but two outstanding members who arc bound to be listed among the “Who’s Who” of San Francisco society, and it would not be incorrect to say they arc already prominent members of the younger set. Athletics also claimed some of our foremost classmates. The Varsity basketball team without Freshmen Needles, Marsh, O’Neill and Muth, would never have attained the strength it did, forcing every team it met to extend itself to the utmost, and usually winning despite such opposition. The baseball season, not having rounded into full swing, the successful Freshman candidates cannot be named, but with Giannini and potential Gianninis in the class it is certain the diamond will not suffer for lack of worthy Freshman material. Genial Joe Ryan—classmate and Athletic Commissioner of the Olympic Club—was heard on his return from Kansas City to bemoan his charges’ inability to get over the Hill (yards). Better luck next time, Joe. More in keeping with the school curriculum is the annual oratorical contest in which our own Preston Devine LAW SCHOOL SOTES 101 captured the coveted prize and Edward Keil received honorable mention. The winner of the annual Brookes Medal Debate of the Law School is still hidden in the mists of Time, but no matter what the decision may be the class with Ca-vcncy, Kellehcr, Hennessey, Collopy and Marsh, is certain to put up a stiff battle against their opponents. As for our main study—Law. What we do not know about the subject, which has taken the master mind of a Black-stone, a Marshall and a White fully to comprehend, is appalling, but we can only say now what we do hope our actions have proven (Freshman Professors please note) that we regard it as a life study and have come prepared to give our all to it. A history of the Freshman year without recognition of the meritorious work performed by the class officers would not be complete. President Giannini, Vice-President Hughes, Secretary Schmid, Treasurer Flinn and Sergeant-at-Arms Dundon merits the distinction awarded them. Treasurer Flinn s failure to increase the revenue of the treasury beyond the sum of $1.00 is no reflection on his ability, but added proof of the spirit animating the class. As the “Freshman Law” room prepares for a new class and the “Sophomore Law” door stands open for the remaining successful Froshies we feel added security in the knowledge that we will continue under the guidance of three of our present teachers, Professors Farry, Knights and Leonard, who have labored diligently and intelligently to impart their specialized knowledge to us. We regret that Professor McKinley will not be with us next year but those of us who reach the Junior Year promise him a regal reception, for his kindness and good cheer have endeared him to all. TWO years ago one of our College Orators gave a learned discourse on the importance of the small college and predicted that eventually it would come into its own. St. Ignatius has fulfilled that prophecy, and the students of long standing in this venerable institution have thrilled with joy at the rapid growth of their beloved college. And with this increase in enrollment there has been a corresponding increase in college activities. The enthusiasm so long dormant has again sprung into life and has brought back to the older boys memories of the spirit of times gone by. We all look forward to a greater college each year and we will foresee that day in the not distant future when St. Ignatius College, crowning Ignatian Heights, will rank among the foremost institutions of higher learning on the Pacific Coast. Student Body This year has been marked by the keenest interest and the greatest enthusiasm in student body affairs. At the beginning of the year a very lively meeting was held at which the officers of the school year 1923-24 were elected. The position of President was again conferred upon William A. O'Brien, ’24. Mr. B. Dudley Smith, ’24 was given the honor of holding the Vice-Presidency. Mr. Preston Devine was elected Secretary, while Mr. Edward D. Keil, ’25 was chosen to act as Treasurer, an honor which shows our implicit trust in the last named gentleman. A very active program was drawn up for the year, and the newly elected officers threw themselves into their work with an ardor that bore fruit a thousandfold. UNIVERSITY NOTES 103 Second Annual College Dance On the even in of November 28, 1923 the Associated Students of St. Ignatius College held their Second Annual Dance in the Gold Room of the Fairmont Hotel. It was acclaimed by all in attendance to be one of the most brilliant affairs held by any college. It was a decided success. The College Orchestra outdid itself in supplying the best of music. The dance was marked by several novelties which lent to the affair a decidedly college atmosphere and which were appreciated by all who were present. Those to whom the credit for the success of the dance must be attributed are A. I). Mc-Quaid, '24 Chairman. Elmer Durkin, '24 and Edward 1). Keil, ’25. College Smoker With the purpose of awakening in our Alumni a new interest in growing St. Ignatius College we all got together at a smoker given by the Associated Students. It was a pleasurable time for all. The committee in charge arranged an excellent program of entertainment and supplied those present very bounteously with hot dogs and sinkers which disappeared with surprising rapidity. Members of the Alumni, voicing the will of their organization, pledged their support to Alma Mater and expressed themselves as very well pleased with the activities of the Associated Student body. Hill O’Brien, President of the Student Body, made it very plain to the Alumni there, and many were present, that their support was necessary for the growth of the college. All in all the smoker fulfilled its purpose, and even to a greater degree than was hoped for. Those responsible for its success were Don. McQuaid, Elmer Durkin, Ed. Keil, Cyril Shcchy and Harold Dolucchi. Pre-Medical Students The Pre-Mods, have placed themselves on a firm footing and have organized a society which is functioning to the greatest possible advantage both of its members and the 104 Till:: 1GXATIAX college. The Pre-Medical department has increased in numbers. Its equipment is excellent and there is a hearty cooperation between the professors and students. The Pre-Mod. Society has already had several •‘busts’ and have plans for several more. Quite an active organization, you perceive. The officers are Milton Promo, ’24, President; Cyril Sheehy, ’24, Vice-President; II. Fitzsimmons, 26. Treasurer, and X. P. Donnelley, ‘24. Secretary. Si:xior Dixnkr Danck The Seniors “put on the dog” for the boys on the evening of February 27 and spread themselves for a dinner dance in the Rose Bowl of the Palace Hotel. To know whether or not it was enjoyed by all you have but to ask any member of the Senior class and the answer will be invariably, “I'll tell the world.” With the boys all decked out in Tux’s and the girls wearing their very best, a gallant group surrounded the festive board. Appropriate favors at each place started off the evening with a bang which ended in a resounding boom when all made their departure and started for home. Those in charge were Hill O’Brien, Ed. Buckley and Neil Donnelley. 0 R A TOR I c A L Co X TKST The annual college oratorical contest for the V. M. I. Gold Medal, the gift of Ignatian Council, No. 35, was held on Thursday evening, February 21. This contest, which always commands a large audience, was in the strictest sense of the word a keenly fought competition,, and it proved what so many have stated, that no matter what else S. I. has done, it produces speakers of great merit. From start to finish the orators held attention by their excellent delivery and masterful presentation of up-to-the-minute topics viewed from a critical angle and developed logically. The speakers were Jerome Duffy, '26, John Lounibos, ’26, Daniel McSweeney, ’26, James O’Gara, ’26, Preston Devine, ’25, James Finlen, ’25, Edward Keil, ’25, John O’Brien, ’24, and Charles Rug- rXIVEItSITY NOTES 105 glcs, 24. The medal was awarded to Preston Devine. The judges were .Air. James King, S. J., Mr. William A. Kelly and Mr. John J. O'Toole. Stanford Debate Arrangements had been made to hold the Stanford-St. Ignatius Debate and all preparations were completed when the unexpected occurred. Again the unexpected and again postponement. Then it was too late; other things having come up, the Oratorical Contest and the McKinley tryouts causing it to be called off. A final agreement, however, was reached. In the future the Stanford-St. Ignatius Debate will be an annual affair held some time in the month of November. In the past we have established a record in these debates, if fifteen out of eighteen votes signify anything. Let us hope that this record will be maintained. McKinley Gold Medal Debate Once more certain members of the Senior Philhistorian Debating Society will take opposite sides and each of them will strive to gain for himself that most coveted prize, the McKinley Gold Modal, the gift of Mr. Benjamin McKinley, our esteemed alumnus. Nineteen members of the society entered the tryout for this debate, the following winning places: James O’Gara, ’26, Edward Keil, 25, and Raymond Mc-Grorcy, 26, for the affirmative, and for the negative James Coleman. ’26, William O’Brien, ’24, and James Smyth, ‘27. The question will be: Resolved that a constitutional amendment be adopted providing for the nominations of Presidential and Vice-Presidential candidates by direct primary. Due to the fact that this debate has been set for April 23, after the Ignatian has gone to press, all we are able to say is this, that it will be a competition quite on a plane with those of former years. Dramatic Society It was the intention of the Associated Students to stage Father Kavanagh's Passion Play some time during this scho- 10 TJIE IGNAT I AN lastic year, hut owing to the rush of events one after another, ihe High School Play, the Debates and other scholastic activities, and on top of all, the May Festival, we were unable to fulfill our intention. Next year is another year and we hope for better success. The Society did put on a sketch at the time of the smoker, and talent was found which could be used for higher things. The most active was Preston Devine, the President. Football Team Planned In these days athletics seem to make the college. Whether or not this is true is not essential, but every college of any size has its football team, for football now is the “college sport..” Realizing this Mr. Paul Corkery, S. J., Athletic Moderator, and Mr. James Needles, coach, have decided to put. St. Ignatius in the running in this strenuous pastime. Already spring practice has started and great hopes arc held for the coming year. Truly the college is coming into its own, and we, who love her dearly, look forward to that day when it will he one of the West’s leading colleges, and that not only in academic pursuits but in the line of athletic prowess also. Debating Society The Senior Philhistorian Debating Society has been holding its regular meetings every Monday morning. The marked progress made by its members in the art of speaking is a sufficient testimonial of its importance. The man who can stand up and give voice to his thoughts in such a manner as to convince his hearers is the man who is the leader in his community. This the Society helps its members to obtain. The officers are William O'Brien, President; Preston Devine, Vice-President; Charles Buggies, Secretary, and Charles Mul-loy, Sergeant-at Arms. Class Organizations Each class this year has been organized in order to cooperate in the activities of the Associated Students. These UNIVERSITY NOTES 107 class organizations have unified the classes and have enabled the Student Body to carry on its business with the least possible difficulty. The better the class organization the more efficient the Student Body. Let us see to it that all classes in the future have good, strong organizations, for they will foment that spirit of friendly class rivalry which is the cement of friendship for all time. Our Professional Baseball Stars Our friends and schoolmates J. Byron “Dud” Smith, 24, and James “Imp” Begley, have entered the ranks of professional baseball. We feel sure that they will make the grade. “Dud” has signed with our Seals while “Imp” cavorts with the Cincinnati “Reds.” According to the dope thus far they arc both going big. Here’s wishing them luck. May they as stars more brightly shine. Rannan. B. Ccnnolly, W. J. Connolly. V. N. Rejran. J. SKNIOR HIC.H SCHOOL Kavunaugh. I . Keenan, I. Nealon. P. Hurley. C. Loughery, E. Falvey. N. Vlautin. P. Lynch. W. 1, r FOOTBALL OK over five years we have not heard the name of St. Ignatius Cniversity coupled with the grand old game of football. It is now a well-known fact that the College Department will be represented on the gridiron in the coming autumn. As proof of this Coach Jimmy Needles recently issued a stirring call for candidates for Spring football practice. To prove that the college was interested a large turnout answered his summons. Spring practice is now well on its way and every day one can see the husky lads on the athletic field, booting and passing the ball and unlimbering their muscles. After the summer vacation the footballers will not have to roll around and clip and tackle on a hard clay field but will have a fine turf arena to practice in. Part of the athletic field has been portioned off and six inches of loam placed on it. Even now grass is sprouting thickly and by the opening of school in the fall the field will be in perfect condition. The College has set its heart on making a good showing in football next year and from the looks of things they undoubtedly will. It is a venture but with whole-hearted co-operation can it not help but be a success? The St. Ignatius Basketball Team of 1924 surpassed all former records by winning fourteen out of eighteen games. It ably upheld the honor and athletic renown of the College and proved itself one of the best quintets on the Pacific Coast. All credit must be given to the splendid spirit and co-opera- BASKETBALL 110 THE W SAT I AS lion of the players and the systematic coaching they received. Cnder the capable tutelage of Captain and Coach Jimmy Needles, the athletes began their preliminary practice early in the season. The veterans who reported and successfully tilled their places were “Imp” Begley, “Martv O'Brien, “Bud O’Neill, “Spooks Morrissey, “Dago [McCormack and “Tony” Glynn. Among the new men who made good were “Fritz” Ruhlin, “Eddie” Bellani, “Al” O'Neill, “Al” Canty, Paul Muth and Lee Marsh. In the eighteen games played the Ignatian Varsity amassed a total of 548 points to their opponents’ ‘140. This made an average of a little better than thirty-one points a game, or about three-fourths of a point a minute; a feat of which the College may be rightfully proud. The largest score of the season was made against the Nathan Dohrniann five in our first contest, 69 points. In their first three preliminary games the Ignatians piled up a total of 170 points. Captain Jimmy Needles and “Imp Begley will be the only absentees from next year's squad. At the Varsity banquet held at the close of such a successful season, “Marty” O'Brien was elected to pilot the team through its 1025 campaign. Following are the scores of the 1923-1924 season: St. Ignatius 00 St. Ignatius 42 St. Ignatius 59 St. Ignatius 21 St. Ignatius 4( St. Ignatius 25 St. Ignatius 18 St. Ignatius 26 St. Ignatius 32 St. Ignatius 33 St. Ignatius 17 St. Ignatius 20 Nathan Dorlnnann 12. Hamilton 34. Golden Gate College 13. Oregon Aggies 19. Alumni 32. V. M. I. 24. Olympic Club 15. Santa Clara 14. California Aggies 18. Golden Gate College 9. Santa Clara 22. St. Mary’s 17. ATHLETICS 111 St. Ignatius 38 Loyola 8. St. Ignatius 24 Nevada 27. St. Ignatius 22 Nevada 25. St. Ignatius 12 California Aggies 22. St. Ignatius 22 Nevada 18. Total: St. Ignatius 548; opponents, 340. St. Ignatius 59, Golden Gate College 13 Overwhelming their lighter opponents, the Varsity defeated the Golden Gate College five in the last game before the Christmas holidays. During the first half both teams guarded so closely that little scoring was done by either side and it ended 12-10 in the winners’ favor. At the start of the second half our boys let go with a bang. They played a wonderful offensive game and at the same time maintained an almost impregnable defense. To the three points of their opponents the Varsity totaled forty-six. “Bud” O’Neill was high point man of the evening with seven baskets to his credit. Phil Morrissey ran him a close second with six baskets and one free throw. The line-up: St. Ignatius Golden Gate College O’Brien ................. Forward................... Setzer B. O’Neill................Forward................... Seaman Bellani...-...............Center.................. Fmmanuel Morrissey .................Guard....................Quinlan Needles................... Guard.................... Nathan St. Ignatius 21. Oregon Aggies 19 Duplicating their victory of last year, the Ignatian basket bailers took the Aggies into camp after one of the hardest fought contests of the season. The game was exceedingly fast and kept the packed bleachers in an uproar until the final whistle was sounded. The Aggies took the lead in the first few minutes of play, and managed, though with difficult . to hold i� until the end of the first half, which ended 112 77 ; IGXATIAX in their favor 11-7. Tn the second half the Ignatians found themselves and the basket simultaneously. Behind by six points they worked up to one point in the rear. A beautiful shot from center by Begley put the team in the lead, but a few seconds later the score was tied by an Ignatian foul. With twenty seconds to go Marty O’Brien came through with a field goal that settled the issue. •‘Imp ' Begley was the basket star of the evening, while the guarding of Morrissey and Needles was spectacular. 0ill and Ridings starred for the losers. The line-up: St. Ignatius Oregon Aggies B. O’Neill............................... Forward.-....Gill 0 ’Brien .................................Forward....Ridings Morrissey .................Center... ................. Brown Begley.....................................Guard... Stoddard Needles ...................................Guard......Steele St. Ignatius 46, Alumni 32 By defeating tin Alumni team the Ignatians turned in their fifth straight victory. The Alumni five was composed of the same players who as Varsity men had defeated the Los Angeles Athletic Club team three years ago. after the southerners had won the Pacific Coast Club title. During the first half play was fast and furious, being featured by spectacular shots and clever guarding. It ended 17-14 with the winners on the long end of the score. In the second half, however, the superior condition of the College team stood them in good stead and they started to pile up points. Captain Jimmy Needles was roundly applauded when he sunk a long one from center. Fritz Ruhlin demonstrated his ability as a basketballer by throwing four baskets and by heady floorwork. Phil Morrissey and captain-elect Marty O’Brien were tied for high point honors with five baskets apiece. Auggie Johnson, Mel Cronin and Terry Boyle starred for the losers. ATHLETICS 113 The line-up: St. Ignatius Alumni O ’Brien .............. Forward.................. Johnson B. 0 ’Neill..............Forward.............. Molkenbuhr Ruhlin ..................Center.....................Cronin Morrissey ...............G uard...................JLarrecou Needles ...................Guard................... Boyle St. Ignatius 25, Y. M. I. 24 The seventh game of the season was with the strong Y. M. T. quintet. It turned out to be the fastest and most exciting game played up to that time. Both teams were confident of victory. When the starting whistle was sounded, one fast play after another was executed, bringing the excited cheering fans to their feet on numerous occasions. During the first half the club team appeared to have an edge on the College team and led 19-14. When play was resumed the players kept up the same fight and enthusiasm, that Iiad characterized the first half. The score see-sawed and neither team could hold the lead for more than a minute. In the end, however, the superior teamwork of the Ignatians triumphed and coupled with the remarkable shooting of Fritz Ruhlin brought the affair to an end, with the Ignatians on the long end of a 25-24 score. The spectacular guarding of Captain Jimmy Needles and his co-worker Phil Morrissey was the shining light of the contest. Bailey and T. Dunn played well for the Institute team. The line-up: St. Ignatius Y. M. I. 0 ’Brien.............-...Forward....................Bailey A. O’Neill.......—.......Forward.................J. Begley Ruhlin ...................Center...................Schmidt Morrissey ...............Guard .........................T. Dunn Needles .................Guard..—...........F. Dunn 114 THE I (i SAT I AS St. Iunatits IS. Olympic (’m b 15 The fighting Olympic Club quintet were the next in line to be taken in by the Ignatian squad. Although outplayed by the. Club in the fii Nt half our unbeaten lads turned the tables in the second and by a powerful offensive drive defeated the “O” players 18-15. The clubmen led 12-9 at half time. “Imp Begley., unable to play in the two previous games because of injuries, starred for the Ignatians with five baskets to his credit. Jimmy Needles played a strong defensive game throughout and his guarding in the last period was a large factor in the victory, only three points being made by the clubmen in this period, lied Lautewasser and Schweitzer, both former Ignatians, played a good game for the club. The line-up: St. Ignatius Olympic Club I Icglev...................Forward..............Lautewasser O’Brien....................Forward....................Berndt Ruhlin ................... Center....................Boyle Morrissey ..................Guard...-..................Kerns Needles ....................Guard...................I)onovan St. luxatirs 26, Santa Clara 14 Santa (Mara’s much heralded five-man defense proved inadequate against the powerful Ignatian offense and our quintet turned in their eighth straight victory. For the first few minutes of play the Ignatians could not seem to penetrate the Missionite lines, but the shooting and speed of “Imp” Begley and Marty O’Brien and the guarding and passing of (’apt a in Jimmy and Phil Morrissey overcame this difficulty. We assumed a commanding lead and the first half ended with us on the long end of a 14-7 score. In the second half play was slowed up by the intensive and stubborn guarding of the Santa Clarans but this did not prevent the Ignatian scoring and they ran up twelve more points. Begley was high man of the evening with five baskets and Fritz ATHLETICS 115 Ruhlin ran him a close second with four. Needles kept up his remarkable guarding. Vukota and Clancy did good work for the Missionites. The line-up: St. Ignatius Santa Clara Boidov Forward Vukota () Brien Forward Ru h 1 in Center Zent Morrissey .Guard Toso Needles Guard Clancy St. Ignatius Goofs 19, Santa Clara Goofs 10 Following the example of their older brothers the St. Ignatius Goofs took the Santa Clara Babes down tlie line for a 19-10 score. Dago McCormack was the shooting star with six baskets to his credit. The Ignatians took the lead a few seconds after the starting whistle and held it throughout. The score at half time was 9-5 in the winners’ favor. Glynn and McCormack starred for the winners, while Wallace and Grannuci played well for Santa Clara. The line-up: St. Ignatius Goofs Santa Clara Goofs McCormack ....-..........Forward...................Wallace Muth ........... -....Forward....................McHugh Mackin -.........—.......Center...........-.....Mclnerny Glynn -..........-.......Guard....-.......-...--..Grannuci Doyle....................Guard-...........-...-...Bundy St. Ignatius 32, California Aggies 18 The Ignatians made it nine straight by defeating the Davis Quintet by a 32-18 score. It appeared from the first half that the two teams were evenly matched and close guarding on both sides slowed up the contest. St. Ignatius came out of the first half with a one-point lead with the score at 11-10, but they rallied in the second frame and the Aggies were smothered under the team work of our lads. “Imp” V A R S I T Y ATHLETICS 1 IT Begley gave the spectators plenty of thrills by his clever dribbling and received due applause for his shooting. •Jimmy Needle’s work as guard was another feature, which Jimmy ably supplemented, sinking two baskets in quick succession. St. Ignatius used no substitutes during the game and each of our boys contributed an average of two baskets to the common score. Erb was the outstanding star for the Aggies and his height and reach robbed the Ignat ians of many points. He also rang four baskets. The line-up: St. Ignatius California Aggies Begley...................Forward..................Spillman 0 ’Brien........... .....Forward.......................Erb Ruhlin ..................Center...................NVetmore Morrissey ...............Guard.................... Basford Needles .................Guard.....................Moffatt St. Ignatius 33, Golden Gate College 9 In the slowest and most uninteresting game of the season the varsity defeated the Y. M. C. A. quintet. In the first half neither side could find the basket and the only scores made were free throws. The first half ended in a tie 5-5. When the whistle sounded the beginning of the second half the I gnat ians ran wild, sinking basket after basket. Bud O’Neill starred with six baskets to his credit and Eddie Bellani was second with five. Marsh and Morrissey did effective guarding for the winners while Seaman and Quinlan looked good for the losers. The line-up: St. Ignatius Golden Gate College O ’Brien..................Forward.................. Setzer B. O ’Neill.........-....Forward....................Seaman Ruhlin ...................Center................. Emmanuel Morrissey .................Guard...................Quinlan Marsh .................... Guard................... Nathan 118 THE I GNAT I AX St. Ignatius 17. Santa Clara 22 Fearing nothing, our boys journeyed hopefully to Santa Clara, and from the clever playing the team showed in the first half it looked as though the confidence had not been misplaced and the victory on the St. Ignatius court was going to be repeated. But Fate had declared otherwise. The period ended with the Ignatians on the long end of a 13-11 score. The second half started with a bang. Santa Clara could not be stopped. Time and time again Ignatian shots would waltz around the ring, only to roll off the wrong way, while the Missionites shot them in from every angle. Despite this, however, our boys managed to keep the lead down, showing up regularly at crucial moments with the old St. Ignatius spirit. “Imp” Begley was again the star with three baskets to his credit while Jimmy Needles bore the brunt of the guarding. Vukota and Malley both starred for Santa Clara. The line-up: St. Ignatius Santa Clara 1 tcgley........................................- - Forward.McKee 0 ’Brien..........-.......Forward... .............. Vukota Ruhlin ................... Center...................Malley Morrissey ................. Guard.................... Toso Needles ...................Guard......................Fawkc St. Ignatius 20, St. Mary's 17 With their first defeat of the season, and that from their deadly rivals, fresh in their minds, the Ignatian quintet took the court against St. Mary’s. The trans-Bay team deserved a better fate than was their’s as they put up a good clean battle, but they caught the St. Ignatius crew at a psychologically unfortunate moment, while the Santa Clara contest was still rankling in their breasts. About six hundred fans cheered the I gnat ians on to victory. The first half saw little scoring but plenty of fight. Both teams guarded closely and there were numerous held balls. In this period St. Mary’s seemed to have a decided edge and led 8-4 when the whistle ATHLETICS 119 railed a halt. In the second, however, St. Ignatius came hack like a cyclone. Morrissey sunk a basket, Fritz Ruhlin dropped two in the bucket and we were in the lead. A pretty shot by Lawless tied the score and so on until with twenty seconds to go the tally stood 17-17. Five extra minutes were granted then to decide the issue. During the first two minutes neither side scored and then “Imp” Begley, playing his last game for the Ignatians came through with one of his famous shots from center. The Ignat ians held the lead and with but a few seconds to go “Imp” put in a foul, putting us out of danger. The final score was 20-17. Begley and Ruhlin were tied for the scoring honors with eight points apiece. Lawless and Payntcr did good work for the losers. The line-up: St. Ignatius Saint Mary’s Begley.....................Forwa rd................Lawless O ’Bricn .................Forward...................Conlan Ruhlin ...................Center...................Lorigan Morrissey .................Guard...................Kennedy Need 1 es ................Gua rd...................Paynter St. Ignatius 38, Loyola 8 The highly touted team from the south did not live up to expectations and took a bad beating from the Ignatian eagers. In the first half, our lads, expecting great things from the visitors, led off with a jump and before the unsuspecting multitude knew what had happened they had run up twenty-one points to the single foul of their opponents. The first half ended 21-1. In the second the game slowed down considerably but that did not stop the upholders of the Red and Blue from registering seventeen points. Bud O'Neill filled the place of the “Imp in a very satisfactory manner and in addition to sinking four baskets played a great defensive game. Captain Jimmy came through with a field goal. So in the words of the poet “a good time was had by all.” 120 THE I US ATI AS Me Isaacs was the chief point-getter for the southern aggregation. It certainly proved the remarkable defense of the Ignatians as Loyola had only one field goal to its credit when I he final whistle sounded. The line-up: St. Ignatius Loyola O'Brien....................Forward................Moffenbicr B. O’Neill................ Forward............... Mclsaacs Ruhlin ....................Center.................... Detman Morrissey ................. Guard................. L. Burke Needles ................... Guard.........................M. Burke St. Ignatius 24, Nevada 27 On February 27, the Ignatian cagers journeyed to Nevada to meet the Wolf-Pack on their own grounds. The men making the trip were, Captain Jim Needles, Phil Morrissey, O’Brien, Bud O’Neill, Al. O'Neill, Bellani, Ruhlin, Glynn, McCormack and Muth. The game started with a rush and from all appearances the Ignatians were on the road to victory. Bud O'Neill proved himself a hero by sinking four baskets in the first half. The score ended with the Ignatians on the long end of a 16-10 count. In the second half, however. conditions were reversed. The Nevadans gradually fought their way in to the lead. Iloobs and Goodale, forwards of the Wolf-Pack, got lucky streaks and rang three apiece. Jimmy Needles and Phil Morrissey did great work at the guard positions but were unable to stop the scoring. The game ended 27-24 with the Nevadans on top. The line-up: St. Ignatius O'Brien ....................Forward. B. O'Neill................. Forward. Ruhlin .................... Center... Morrissey ..................Guard... Xecdles ....................Guard.... Nevada ...Hobbs ..Goodale ..Ha rrison ..Haincr Monohan ATHLETICS 121 St. Ignatius 22, Nevada 25 The following night tho same teams met in another close contest which resulted in another win for the Nevadans. Again the Ignatians started to pile up their score. This time it was Fritz Ruhlin who uncorked several pretty shots and helped the game along. The first half ended with the Ignatians leading 12-11. In the second half, however, the rari-fied atmosphere began to tell on our lads and they could not continue their fast pace. Nevertheless they put all their fight and pep in the affair and almost managed to turn in a victory. The game was rough and numerous fouls were called on both teams. Jimmy Needles turned in another basket to increase the Ignatian score, that together with his guarding was, so it is said, the great feature of the contest. Hobbs and Goodale were again the stars for the Wolf-Pack. The line-up: St. Ignatius Nevada n’Rrioii Forward Hobbs B O’Neill Forward Goodale Ruhlin Center Harrison Morrissey Guard Hainer Needles Guard Monohan St. Ignatius 12, Caifornia Aggies 22 On the first of March our boys journeyed to Davis to meet the California Aggies. Here the Ignatian cagers suffered the worst defeat of the entire season. Something was radically wrong, no excuses are offered, it just happened. The first half found them trailing behind a 16-7 score. In the second half affairs were not much better. The Ignatian famous second half rally did not come and the red and blue lads registered but five points to their opponents’ six. The game ended with the Aggies leading by the comfortable score of 22-12. Krb of the Aggies was the star of the game with six baskets to his credit. Bud O'Neill was next with three buckets and one foul. 122 THE I OX ATI AX The line-up: St. Ignatius California Aggies O'Brien ................ Forward................... Erb B. O ’Neill..............Forward................. Spillman Ruhi in .................. Cen t c r............JVVet more Morrissey ................Guard...................Bassford Needles ..................Guard.....................Moffat St. Ignatius 22, Nevada 18 As it had started the season with a victory the St. Ignatius basketball team determined to finish as they began. As Nevada was the last team to be played it was the victim. Both sides started with a rush but the Ignatians proved themselves superior and at the end of the first half led by a 12-5 score. In the second half the Wolf Pack made a desperate attempt to gain the lead but they were unable to do so because of the determined efforts of St. Ignatius. Morrissey played a bang-up game at guard and shot three baskets into the bargain. Captain Jimmy Needles, wearing the Ignatian ce le rs for the last time gave a wonderful exhibition of how basketball ought to be played. Fritz Ruhlin proveel that he would again make a strong bid for the center job next year by his shooting and his floorwork. Gexxlale was the le aeling point-gainer for the losers. The line-up: St. Ignatius Nevada 0 Bricn ................ Forward................... Hobbs McCormack .............. Forward................ Goodalc Ruhlin ..................Center...................Harrison rorrissey .............C u a re]..............Fredericks Needles ..................Guard....................Haincr High School Notes Junior Dramatic Club WlTHOl’T doubt, the signal events of St. Ignatius High School during the past year were the Junior Dramatic Club’s presentations, “Officer 666 and “Nothing Hut The Truth ’ Ignoring precedents established by local preparatory schools, the Club selected not mere skits or playlets, but nationally recognized comedies of the professional stage and enacted them in a downtown theatre. This initiative and enterprise displayed by the Club, was instilled into it by its founder and coach, Mr. A. Quevedo, S. J. The three act comedy, “Officer 666 was presented at the Plaza Theatre on Monday and Tuesday evenings. November 19th and 20th. The proceeds, dilated by a responsive attendance, were given to the Student Body Treasury. Enhanced by the unaffected acting of Clarence Hurley, the stellar east was as follows: SAM—Gladwin's servant ........................Walter Linehan MICHAEL PHELAN—Officer 666 .................Clarence Hurley WHITNEY BARNES—A pal of Gladwin’s.....Charles Lynch TRAVERS GLADWIN—A young millionaire of New York..............................Edward McQuadc PERCY WHITT ELY—A fop, the dupe of Wilson .................... Georye Connolly REGGIE STOCKTON—Percy’s guardian........Chas. Butler MR. WillTTELY—Percy’s father ....................Dan McGloin ALP. WILSON—A picture expert...................Frank Buggies WATKINS—His chauffeur .............JVorbert O’Brien STONE—Captain of Police..............William Boland KEARNEY—A plainclothes man ..........Warren Wilson RYAN—A patrolman .................- Joseph Kitterman On February 27th and 29th, the Plaza drop-curtain once more rose on a Junior Dramatic Club offering, “Nothing But Cl X 1 O d 0 0 1 HIGH SCHOOL XOTES 12: The Truth.” a three-act farce well stocked with ticklish predicaments and witty lines. Although generally acknowledged to be a prince of American comedies, the reputation of ‘‘Nothing Hut The Truth” was staunchly upheld by the St. Ignatius theatricals. The cast: JAKE VAN DCSEN.........................Edward McQuade £. It RALSTON ............................Dan McGUrin BISHOP DORAN ...........................Charles Butler DICK DONNELLY .......................... Charles Lynch ROHERT DENNETT Clarence Hurley COLONEL RALSTON .................................Warren Wilson ETHELBERT CLARK ........................ Paul O’Brien LESLIE RALSTON ....................... -Ralph Ticketlor JACK LOVE JOY ...........................William Clark BILL SMITH ..............................John Connolly TOMMY .................................Georye Connolly To Mr. Qucvedo in particular and to the personnel of the two casts in general the Student Body is sincerely grateful for the respectable publicity accorded the High School. “Red and Blue” A rejuvenation of the “Red and Blue” was effected by Mr. Burns, S. J., moderator of the publication who, with the assistance of Daniel McGloin, Editor-in-Chief, issued a paper truly representative of the school. Its adherence to the bi-weekly schedule, the appearance of pictures in every edition and its general good standard popularized the “Red and Blue” with the students. The staff: Editor............................Daniel McGloin Assistant Editor .... Wm. N. Connolly Assistant Editor.....................Edward McQuadk Sports..............................Berchman Bannan Manager .... . . Kenneth Doyle Easiness Manager .... Norbert Falvey Assistant Easiness Manager . . . Leslie Keating THE IGX ATI AX 120 11 Kin School Elooition Contest So impressed were Rev. John I Buckley, Thomas Y. Hickey and Frank J. Silva, judges of the Elocution Contest held in St. Ignatius Hall on March 28th, that they deemed it necessary to create a fourth place, thereby departing from tlie time-set custom of recognizing only the three speakers ranking highest. This is evidence of the earnest contention by the eleven elocutionists for the Dr. James Franklin Smith gold medal. Eneas J. Kane ’26, who retold ‘‘The Switchman's Story,” was awarded first place. Kane’s depiction of the anxiety gnawing upon the miml of an engineer whose baby daughter lay gravely ill at home, won his audience. “The Race At Devil’s Elbow,” wherein a calloused Western character shows his true mettle when called upon, won for Frank Ruggles, ’25, second honors, a purse of $10.00. Honorable mention was conferred upon Paul O’Brien, ’25, and John Maher, ’20. ‘ The Old Minstrel,” a selection requiring the dual accomplishment of speaker and singer, was rendered by O’Brien, and Maher drew stirring word-pictures of the sinking of that giant vessel in his rendition of “The Titanic.” Washington Essay Contkst The graduating class of ’23 instituted a perpetual trophy to be held for one year by the class that presents the best five hundred word essay on “George Washington and Patriotism. It is the aim of the donors of the cup to refute the charge that the Patholic educational system ignores and belittles American public heroes. This year the trophy went to Second Year A. Miguel Leite was the author of the winning essay. Martin Latin Contest To foster the study of that language among St. Ignatius students, Mrs. Eleanor Martin annually donates a gold medal for the best paper in elementary Latin. In selecting the HIGH SCHOOL NOTES 127 winner the judge considers the grade and acquired knowledge of each contestant so that Senior and Freshman have an equal chance of winning the medal. Rev. Father MeFadden, S. J.t final judge of the Contest, selected the paper of Frank Silva, First High A, as the best submitted. Paul O’Brien of Third High A was second, followed by Thomas Tom, William Finnegan and Raymond Sullivan in the order named. J. P. !). S. Gold Mkd.nl Debate That the subject chosen for the Gold Medal Debate, “Resolved: That the United States Should Not Grant a Bonus to Kx-Service Men, was a popular issue and excited public concern, was proven by the unusually large audience that greeted the debaters in St. Ignatius Hall on April 4th. dames G. Smythe, ’23, winner of the medal last year, acted as chairman of the evening. Daniel McGloin, '24, Alan Warrack, '25, and Kdward McQuadc, 24, as the affirmative attacked the bonus while William J. Connolly ’24, Raymond Sullivan '24 and George A. Connolly, Jr., ’24 defended it. The decision rf the judges, Mr. Kdward Fitzpatrick, Captain Pryor and Mr. W illiam Sweigcrt, was rendered in favor of the affirmative, and Raymond Sullivan, although fighting for a lost cause, was declared the best individual speaker and winner of the Gentlemen’s Sodality Gold Medal. Sullivan s victory was scored by his simple statement of securely founded facts that were invulnerable to his opponents’ p'buttal. Kdward McQuade, the recipient of honorable mention, presented his points in a brisk, satirical style but none the less convincing. The success and prosperity of the Junior Philhistorian Debating Society throughout the past year and the crowning achievement of its activities in the Gold Medal Debate speak of the tireless energy of the Society’s moderator, Mr. J. King. S. J. High School Athletics FOOTBALL T LAST football has conic into its own at St. Ignatius. Following the example set by the last year eleven the warriors of the pigskin set to work to master the game. With the old Ignat inn spirit the boys toiled valiantly at their task and were amply repaid. Save for a few games in which the weight and inexperience of our team made it hard to cheek their opponents the season was very successful. Surpassing the record of last year the boys showed that in a very short time they will have to be reckoned with when it comes to supremacy. The games in which we were defeated carried no disgrace, for though wo were outplayed we were in no instance outfought. This year we obtained the valuable assistance of Jimmy Needles, former Santa Clara football star and at present a student of our law college, who instilled his fighting spirit into his charges and taught them the game from the ground up. lie was aided by Mr. Paul Corkery, S. J., to whom much credit is due. There was a bigger turnout than last year when the bulletin board announced the first practice. Forty-five young athletes tore around the field, tackling, kicking and passing. After a few days the squad was reduced to thirty and in a few days limps and the odor of liniment betokened the stiff practice the players were undergoing. Coach Needles had little material with which to build his football machine as but a handful of veterans remained, and how he managed to get the results he did, no one but the members of the team know. After a few weeks of drilling and hard scrimmaging Needles pronounced his charges ready for their first game. man school athletics 129 Th( members of the 1923 eleven included: Left (‘lid—Ken Doyle. Left tackle—Pete Breen. Left guard—Dan Murphy. (’enter—Ed. Loughery. It. guard—‘‘ Bcvo’’ Beresford H. tackle—Bob De Andreis, (tight end—Marcus Flach. Right half—‘‘Doc' Phinney. Bolini, Mohun, Breeden, were the substitutes. Left half—Jack Pat ridge. Full back—“Slide,J Falvey. Qua rter—Dan Con very. Ends—() ’Fa rrel 1 Regan. Tackles—P. Murphy-JIanlon-Rothe. (i ua rds—Hayden-11 alpin-M cGovern. O'.Marie, Leipsic, Ilecht, Olson, Saint Ignatius, 9 Alumni 0 Our first encounter was with the Alumni, composed from the college, mostly veterans of last year’s team and captained by Bill Doyle. The contest was fairly even but both sides, though nervous at first, took the game too easily. Captain Falvey at end dashed over for the first touchdown of the season and a little later converted. Within a few minutes Her!) Williamson of the college performed a similar feat but the team failed to convert. In the final quarter the school team made a safety bringing their total to nine. “Fat” llal-pin. a new guard in the high school, broke his leg during the game and was out all season. Saint Ignatius 0, South San Francisco 0 The next game on our field was with the South City High School which possessed a team of some repute. It was a spirited contest and replete with thrills. “Doe” Phinney, a newcomer, played half back and made the game interesting with his long runs and sensational booting. Captain Falvey and Dan Con very also played well. The team was better on defense but seemed to lack the punch when near the goal. When the whistle blew we were on the point of scoring but the game ended a tie at 0-0. 130 THE IGNAT I AN Saint Ignatius 6, Saint Mary's 12 Tin following week we went to Ewing Field supremely confident of wiping up the earth with St. Mary's Preps. Flach, our fullback, showed to advantage, dumping their brawny halves at the line of scrimmage. At half time we were leading, (i-0. Needles put in some subs but their inexperience showed when in rapid succession the Preps obtained two touchdowns. There was no more scoring though once the Ignatians threatened when Falvey completed a long pass. The team showed marked improvement in carrying the ball and in stopping their heavier opponents. Saint Ignatius 19, Tamalpais Union High 12 Tamalpais Union High appeared on our schedule. The team journeyed across the Bay and on a slippery, muddy field administered a beating to the home team. Flach, Buja and Convery all scored touchdowns. Our opponents only made three first downs in the entire game. This game brought out two new players, 0’Farrell, whose kick-offs were remarkable. and Pat ridge, who could gain yards either by carrying or passing the ball. Saint Ignatius 7, Pottkr 18 Feeling confident after the preceding victory we determined to take down the Potter eleven. In this we were disappointed as the team did not function as it had in the former game. Potter scored on a long run in the first few minutes. Phinney received a punt a few minutes later and ran the ball seventy yards for a touchdown. Falvey converted. AVe were leading at half time but victory was not to be ours as Potter scored twice in the second half despite the valiant efforts of the team. Saint Ignatius 0, Lick Wilmerding fil After another week of practice we met Lick in our first S. F. A. L. game. The titleholders of three years standing would have appeared terrible to any light team. Nervousness which resulted in fumbling was the cause of the first HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETICS 131 three touchdowns scored by Lick. The team tried in vain to stem the tide of defeat. Time and again they backed us to our goal line and then despite our efforts forced their way over. The final score was 61-0, thirty-three points being scored in the first quarter. Lack of weight and inexperience coupled with nervousness spelt our downfall. The team fought pluckily throughout, but the odds were too great to overcome. Saint Ignatius 0, Lowell 45 Our second league game was with Lowell, rated as one of the strongest teams in the city. Undeterred by the fearful odds in weight, for Lowell boasted of a 190 pound average, the team proceeded to hold their opponents to one touchdown in the first quarter. In the second quarter the continual pounding of the heavier Lowcllites weakened our players and they pushed over two more. The team played like demons but weight told and the final score read 45-0. Bill Clark, our 115 pound quarterback, was the hero of the game, fighting against fellows literally twice his weight even after he had broken his shoulder. Bob De Andreis showed his ability in this game but he too sustained serious injuries. Saint Ignatius 7, Galileo 0 After having played the two strongest teams in the league and minus the services of a tackle, a guard and a quarterback, the team bested Galileo in a bitterly fought contest by a score of 7-0. For three quarters the teams battled without a score when with but a few minutes to play Pat ridge made a long pass to Bohm who ran for a touchdown. It was one of the prettiest plays of the season. “Doc” Phinney and the Murphy brothers showed to advantage in the contest. Saint Ignatius 6, Mission 32 After breaking through the Mission line at will, and scoring a touchdown in the first few minutes of the game, the team suffered a 32-6 beating. The team showed none of man school athletics 133 its dash and tackled poorly, most of their scores resulting from long runs. The team fought hard but this seemed to have no effect. Saint Ignatius 7, Cogswell 0 Resolved to win or die the team forced the Cogswell gridders to 1h w in submission. In the first quarter the Ignat ians scored a touchdown by successive line plunges. The muddy field made playing slow and while time and again we threatened their goal the slippery field made it impossible to score. Our defense showed considerable improvement as Cogswell made but three first downs in the game. Lcipsic, Pat ridge and Doyle starred for the I gnat ians while O’Toole played well for Cogswell. Saint Ignatius 6, Commerce 13 The team finally woke up and held the Commerce bulldogs to a 13-6 victory. Commerce boasted of taking down Lowell and Mission and was out for blood. Commerce scored in the first quarter by completing a pass and in the fourth quarter when they intercepted a pass and ran 60 yards for a touchdown. The Ignat ians scored in the third quarter when Pat ridge threw a long pass to Doyle who was downed ten yards from the goal. Fa Ivey went over for the touchdown. Falvey, Doyle, Patridge, Breen and Loughery played best for the I gnat ians. Saint Ignatius 0, Polytechnic 13 Poly is the champion team, according to statistics, and by right of victory wears the crown, but that crown was surely shaken when the Ignatian eleven held their regular team scoreless for the greater part of three quarters. Overconfident Poly put in its 1924 eleven composed of seven regulars and four experienced substitutes. This team was out-fought and out-played and then, frightened, the Poly coach injected his stars. Even with their superior weight and experience they were held until the last part of the 134 THE IGN ATI AN third quarter when Marcus, Poly captain, broke through the line for a touchdown. They scored again in the last quarter but there was no merit to it. For four downs in the fourth quarter we held on our one-yard line. Phinncy punted out of danger. Then they came back with a stronger attack. For three downs we forced them back but the line could stand it no longer and Marcus again scored and converted. The whole team played like wonders but among the best were Patridgc, Loughery and Falvcy. Saint Ignatius 0, Sacred Heart 13 This contest contained more fight and spirit than Ewing Field has ever witnessed. Playing in rain with mud and slush that made it difficult to move quickly the Sacred Heart warriors gave a 13-0 beating to St. Ignatius. It was not that our boys did not fight. The blue and white players were heavier and they were more experienced but they, too, had to fight. Our team ripped and tore and tackled hard and low. They fought, yes, fought harder than ever before, but to no avail. The runs of Kirkscy, the plunges of Wilson made us weak. We threatened to score several times but failed. It was a bloody, muddy battle and though we lost the game the team suffered no disgrace. What the team lacked in skill it made up in fight. The team was handicapped throughout the entire season by casualties, inexperience and lack of weight, broken bones, water on the knee and abscesses, occurring when the team most needed its men. They made a gallant fight all through the season and Jimmy Needles was justly proud of his charges when the season was over. TENNIS Though tennis is not so much in the fore as some of the other sports nevertheless the doings this year under Jimmy Needles demand notice. Under his supervision a high school tournament was organized to determine which men would HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETICS 135 represent St. Ignatius in the S. P. A. L. In the junior division “Mike” McGee is the most promising candidate. At present no shining light has emerged forth in the unlimited section, but the enthusiasts have every hope. SWIMMING With the coming of Coach Needles a new era in the history of St. Ignatius was ushered in. This year a swimming team will represent the school. Thus it will really be a team and not individuals as has been in former years. Though the prospects of a championship are not being considered it is the first real start that has been made and there may be something to look forward to in the future. There is not too much material but several boys among them being Cole, McGibben and Murphy, are showing quite some form and speed in practice. TRACK For the first time in the memory of the students of St. Ignatius the track prospects are decidedly bright. Under the watchful eye of Charley Hunter, track coach, the junior and senior teams seem to be shaping up nicely and are giving every promise of a successful season. The lightweights. at present, seem to be the best bet for first honors, for the heavier team, though brilliant in the track events, is decidedly inferior in the field. The juniors have one victory under their belts as they swamped the Mission tracksters by a 133-24 score. The seniors have one defeat at the hands of Mission, 68-54. Our stars went rampant on the track while Mission did the same in the field. The main point-getters on the lighter team arc “Dink” O'Brien, de la Fontaine, Donovan, Duggan, Breeden, O’Gara, O’Riley, Morton and Tichenor. The unlimited have many reliable runners. Tom Langdon, Ken Doyle and Dunlay go fine in the distances; Phinncy, Kirby and Falvey are point- TllE 1 OX ATI AX getters in tlu sprints. Falvey and Voting look good in the hurdles. Young is a sure bet in the pole vault. Falvey, ()’Farrell and the Young brothers are the main hopes of the Ignatians in the field. In the interelass the seniors defeated the juniors while the sophomores out-classed the freshmen. BASEBALL With prospects brighter than ever before the baseball team looms up as the strongest contender for the 1924 S. F. A. L. city championship. Nosed out last year by scanty scores the team, coached by “Fat Varni, a former student, is making its final bid for honors in that sport. “Bud I)e Meyer, captain and pitcher, is tossing great ball, aided by his understudies, Pat ridge, Connolly and Belgau, all of whom have turned in at least one victory. Ed Loughery or “Slide” Falvey is on the receiving end. We trounced the California frosh, 6-1. Then for a second year Alameda defeated us by the identical score, 2-1. The St. Mary’s game ended in a tie at 0-0. “Bud” DeMeyer allowed only one hit in the entire game. Potter was defeated by a 7-1 score. The reason for these victories is easily perceived when we view the line-up: DeMeyer, pitcher; Loughery, catcher; Chase, first bast1; Sugrue, second base; Henneberry, shortstop; Buckley, third base; Falvey, right field; Flach, center field; McGloin, left field. “The strength of a team is in its reserves,” it has long been said, and so when we see Beres-ford, Burns, O’Connor and Hayden in that place we realize the truth of the adage. BASKETBALL Basketball has always been a major sport in St. Ignatius. When the season is in full force the Red and Blue quintets are always formidable opponents. The past season brought us no city championships but instead rewarded us with two second places. Jeff Gaffney, former high school star and at present a student in our college, coached the lighter division teams and Jimmy Needles coached the heavyweights. high school athletics 137 100 Pound Team Emerging from a rather easy practice schedule our 100-pound team, captained by “Dink” O’Brien, lost their first S. F. A. L. game to Lowell in a fast game 21-11. The next game was with Poly and resulted in a victory for the Igna-lians. The score was 27-24. In the Commerce game an extra session was called as the score stood 23-23 at the end of the game. St. Ignatius won, thus making a triple tie in the league for first honors. Lowell put Poly out of the running and then in the final game we lost out. The score was 19-15 and nine of Lowell’s points were made on fouls. The team included: O’Brien, captain, Donovan, Looney, O’Connor, DeMattei, Booher, St reck. Lucia and Duggan. 120 Pound Team The 120 pounders were the first of three of our teams that offended Old Lady Luck and therefore had an unvietori-ous season. In their two practice games, while they showed remarkable ability they suffered defeat by very close margins. The first league game was with Lowell who scored a victory 17-14. The next game was with Poly who won by the same score. The final game of the season was with Commerce who triumphed over our players, 27-15. The result of their season was surprising as the team was comprised of such men as Sugruc, Begley, Bercsford, Ylautin and O’Connor in the regular coterie, with Buckley, Butler, Joseph and Maloney ready to step in any time and help turn the tide. 130 Pound Team The 130’s were the second team to incur the anger of Fortune. With Captain O’Gara, Maloney and Clark as forwards, O’Reilly at center, and Ken Doyle at standing guard with Olson as his running mate, and with such substitutes as Barro Foley, Cussen, (Higher and Crowley, one does not expect to see a string of defeats. In the practice schedule we met the Hebrew Home, Columbia Park Boys' Club, and 138 THE IGNAT I AN the All-Stars, losing every game by but a few points each. The season opened for us with Galileo, who took the game 9-7. In the next game Mission bowled us over, 28-26. Lowell was next and we all but succeeded in beating them but not quite. Lowell won 12-11. Poly forced us to bend in submission in the final game when we out-played the Polyites, minus the services of Captain O’Gara. Score—18-15. 145 Pound Team The 145-pound team was considered our best bet. It was eomposcd of the cream of the high school basketballers and was captained by Eddie Loughery. Frank Kirby and Les Keating were forwards, Bud Dc Meyer center, and Jack Pat ridge and Ed. Loughery the guards. This was a hard combination to beat, and they brought in six victories out of eight games with total points 203 to their opponents’ 137. In their two practice games St. Vincent’s and St. Mary’s were easily put away. Then the season opened with an overwhelming victory over Commerce, 48-8. Mission fell to the tune of 19-14. Lowell met us on an oft day and defeated us, 19-12. Lick was the next to go before us, 27-16. Another game was played with St. Mary’s and she was again defeated, 25-18. Then we played Poly for the championship and though leading al half time, we lost out in the end, 27-25. We played a return game with Lowell for second place and without Bud I)c Meyer at his center position defeated them, 16-10. The reserves were also stars, chief among them being Hanley, Ward, McSweeney, O’Marie, Harron and Convery. Unlimited Team This was the third team that failed. Captained by Bevo” Beresford with Falvcy at guard and Regan at center and with two fast forwards in Williams and Payntcr the team was unable to score a victory although the games they lost were all hard-fought. Several practice games were lost high school athletics 131) to high school teams in the city including Potter and Galileo. The Agnetians scored a close victory over us. The league opened with Poly, whose fast team-work enabled them to score a 34-19 victory. Commerce, Cogswell and Lick as well as Galileo forced us to bend in submission yet only by a few points. Keenan, Donohue, Boland, Buggies and the Murphy brothers helped the team whenever substitutes were needed. The Ignatian stands behind all its advertisers. Patronize them, and tlms show your appreciation of our efforts and their assistance. THE CARNIVAL GIRL POSTER Was Designed and Printed by JOHN F. QUINN Ideas Submitted 853 HOWARD STREET PHONE DOUGLAS 2377 Dulfer Building 140 THE I (IS AT! AS The Connecticut Fire Insurance Co. of Hartford Westchester Fire Insurance Co. of New York Fire, Automobile, Riot and Civil Commotion PACIFIC DEPARTMENT DICK SIMPSON, Managers 369 Pine Street San Francisco PHONE PARK 2555 Standard Fruit and Produce Company Wholesale and Retail Dealers 150 - 6th Street L. Ghirardelli A D V Eli TI SEMES TS 141 .1 II of cl of Comfort, Hospitality, ('on• mi is nee. We strive at every turn to moke The Federal “ Everytliiny a Hotel should he. TARIFF Detached Bath - - $1.25 and $1.50 Private Bath - - - $2.00 to $3.00 No Higher Rates FEDERAL HOTEL 7th and Market SAN FRANCISCO 142 THE IGNAT I AN DINE WITH US AT Chris’ Lunch Room 1898 Haight St. Near Stanyan Open All Night QUALITY FIRST United States LAUNDRY Telephone MARKET 1721 Finest Work on Shirts and Collars ADVERTISEMENTS 143 For A ive Limbs Young men of today want comfort and trimness combined. In the suit called the “Lloyd George” is the roominess for swinging legs and healthy lungs—and the added touch of smart tailoring. At Roos stores in the season’s tones; powder blue and sky gray. § iRoOcV B l'OeV Six-Store Buying Power 144 THE I (iS ATI AS SAN FRANCISCO OAKLAND 133 Geary Street 1444 San Pablo Avenue Official Portrait Photographer of this Journal SPECIAL RATES TO STUDENTS Tel. Kearny 186 Benj. L. McKinley Attorney-at-Law FRANKLIN’S PHARMACY 916-918 Humboldt Savings Hank Building 1701 HAIGHT ST. Opp. Haight Theatre 783 MARKET STREET San Francisco San Francisco. Calif. Clark Henery Construction Company GENERAL CONTRACTORS 564 MARKET STREET W. R. CLARK. President (i. H. CLARK. Vice-President G. P. HENERY. Secretary and Treasurer Phone Douglas 2903 ADVERTISEMENTS 145 THIS MODERN BUILDING WAS ERECTED FOR THE ALEX. DULFER PRINTING CO. BY BARRETT HILP BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 918 HARRISON STREET Phone Douglas 700 mmmmm m imi hi TO LEASE FIRST FLOOR and BASEMENT (Approximately 20,000 Sq. Feet) This property is centrally located on Howard St., bet. 4th and 5th Sts. For information inquire ALEX. DULFER PRINTING CO. 853 HOWARD STREET Phone Douglas 2377 146 THE IGXATIAX Edmund J. Holl Ivan N. Maroevich Attorneys at Law HUMBOLDT BANK BUILDING Phone Sunset 3700 J. BARRY CO. Groceries 834 IRVING STREET San Francisco St. Germain 60-66 ELLIS STREET 300 Seat Main Dining Room 300 Seat Second Floor We are prepared to serve Sumptuous and Modest Dinner Parties. Banquet Halls with Dancing Floors. Lunch, 65c and $1.00 Dinner, $1.25 De Luxe Dinner, $2.50 A la Carte at all hours Don’t Forget THE NOBBY When Buying Your Togs CYRIL S. HESS CO. 1630 HAIGHT STREET ADVERTISEMENTS 147 W. R. Grace Co. MERCHANTS 332 PINE ST., SAN FRANCISCO NEW YORK SEATTLE NEW ORLEANS Houses and Agencies in all the principal cities of Central and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa GENERAL AGENTS GRACE LINE Direct Freight and Passenger Service Between Pacific Coast Ports and West Coast South America ♦ ♦ ♦ JOHNSON LINE Direct Freight and Passenger Service Between Scandinavian Ports and Los Angeles Harbor, San Francisco, Portland, Puget Sound and Vancouver. 148 TIIE IGNAT I AN Organized 1797 Norwich Union Fire Insurance Society, Ltd. PACIFIC DEPARTMENT 234-236 SANSOME STREET SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF. J. L. FULLER. Manager FRANK L. HUNTER. Ast. Manager FIRE MARINE AUTOMOBILE Tel. Kearny 3977 � T ransfer Charles P. Knights Grocery Attorney at Law P. F. BARRY, Prop. MILLS BUILDING San Francisco 359 PRESIDIO AVE. Eustace Cullinan Thomas W. Hickey Cullinan Hickey ATTORNEYS AT LAW Room 860, Phelan Building SAN FRANCISCO .1DVERTISEMEN TS 149 THE HOME INSURANCE COMPANY NEW YORK Organized in 1853 The Largest Fire Insurance Co. on the American Continent The Franklin Fire Insurance Company OF PHILADELPHIA Organized in 1828 An Old Established American Fire Insurance Company The City of New York Insurance Company OF NEW YORK Organized in 1905 FIRE AND ALLIED BRANCHES OF INSURANCE TRANSACTED Automobile Commission Farm Hail Rain Improved Risks Marine Profits Registered Mail Windstorm Rents Sprinkler Leakage Tourists' Baggage I’se and Occupancy RAY DECKER, General Agent PAUL A. NORMAND. CHAS. I. MAGILL, Assistant General Agents. 451 California Street, San Francisco Merchants’ Exchange Building Phone Douglas 9080 Liberal Contracts of Indemnity, Fully Guaranteed by Funds Ample to Meet Without Delay Any Obligation. Prompt and Equitable Adjustment of Losses. TIIE 1 (iS ATI AS 150 Phone Garfield 964 “Better Ocular Service ’ Dr. Chas. B. Hobrecht OPTOMETRIST 804-5-6 HOWARD BUILDING 209 POST STREET Hours 9 to 5 Saturdays 9 to 1 Mayerle’s Glasses Relieve Eye Strain Scientific Eye Examinations Phone Sutter 4696 ••OLD MISSION” CEMENT ARDEN PLASTER EXPANDED METAL LATH J. S. Guerin Co. LIME, CEMENT AND PLASTER 716 to 720 FOLSOM ST. San Francisco M - ■■■■■— - pm YOUNG MEN’S Made-to-Order SUITS—$50 to $65 Made in any style you wish— The best values to be found anywhere at these prices. KELLEHER BROWNE The Irish Tailors 716 MARKET STREET, Near Kearny Established Twenty-four Years ADVERTISEMENTS 151 St. Ignatius College SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA The College embraces the following Departments: A—The College of Letters, Science and Philosophy. A four years' college course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. B—The College of Law. A four years’ course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Laws, and beginning in Junior Year. C—The College of Science. A four years’ course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science, and beginning in Freshman year. I)—The Pre-Legal Course. A two year preparation for the study of Law, beginning in Freshman year of College. E—The Pre-Medical Course. A two years’ course in Chemistry, Biology and Anatomy for prospective students of Medicine. This course begins in Freshman year. ST. IGNATIUS HIGH SCHOOL An efficient course covering four years from the completion of standard grammar schools, and preparatory to the College. RBV. PITS L. MOORE, S. J., President 152 THE 1 OX ATI AN ( Superior Delicatessen 624 IRVING STREET Try Our Delicious Baked Ham and Roast Turkeys Sunday Dinner Specials PHONE: SUNSET 450 H. C. Hanson Music House • HARR WAGNER 137 POWELL ST. PUBLISHING CO. Here in where musicians trade. Identify yourself with those who know, and be sure to see us first when you buy your next instrument. 149 New Montgomery St. San Francisco, California Publisher of Western Bonks by Western Authors Dejxrsitory for I . Blakiston Son's Science Hooks and G. P. Putnam Sons’ General Literature — — Quality and Service Your Trade Solicited POWER RUBBER CO. 1 670 TURK STREET Distributors Racine Tires Cooper Batteries Stores at FRESNO LOS ANGELES OAKLAND SAN JOSE ADVERTISEMENTS 153 Henry Wong Him, M. D. PHYSICIAN and SURGEON 1268 O’Farrell Street San Francisco, California 154 THE WS ATI AS TAXI? Walnut 600 WM. J. GALLAGHER CO. 305 SAN MATEO DRIVE Burlingame, Calif. Phone Burlingame 25 Realtors—Insurance Rotunda of Mills Bldg. San Francisco. Calif. Phone Douglas 8580 Phone Douglas 3298 Berg Bros. Wholesale Confectioners 638 CLAY STREET ••----- — ■ — ,♦ Fire. Earthquake. Automobile. U� e and Occupancy, Riot and Civil Commotion, Explosion, Plate Class, Fidelity and Surety Bonds INSURANCE The London Lancashire Insurance Company, Ltd. LONDON, Eng. Incorporated 1861 Orient Insurance Co., of Hartford, Conn. Incorporated 1867 Law Union Rock Insurance Co., Ltd. OF LONDON—Founded 1807 London Lancashire Indemnity Co., of America Organized Under the Laws of the State of New York—Inc. Jan.. 1915 Pacific Department—332 Pine Street, San Francisco, Calif. GEO. ORMOND SMITH, Manager 155 AD VERTISEMENTS PHONE PARK 3090 Thos. E. Wilson Co. Everything for the Athlete 155 NINTH STREET All The Better Pictures and The Better Pictures Only HAROLD DANA, Favorite Baritone BEN BLACK AND HIS BAND ALEXANDRIA EGYPTIAN THEATRE Geary Street at 18th Avenue 156 THE IGNAT I AN AUTOMOBILE FIRE EXPLOSION Four American Companies with a Service Record Fire Association of Philadelphia The Philadelphia Fire Marine Insurance Company The Reliance Insurance Company Victory Insurance Company F. M. AVERY, Manager CHAS. L. BARSOTTI, Asst. Manager RIOT CIVIL COMMOTION RENT USE and OCCUPANCY - - — — ■ MEET THE GANG Phone Sutter 5039 at the PALL MALL C. Harold Caulfield 1568 HAIGHT ST. Attorney and Counselor at Law Billiards Soft Drinks 666-669 MILLS BLDG. Smokes San Francisco • Frank I. Ford INCOME TAX SPECIALIST Specialist on Federal Income and Excess Profits Tax Problems for current year, as well as additional assessments for the years 1917 to 1923, inclusive. SUITE 411, ALEXANDER BUILDING SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA --- - . --------- ■ — AD VERTISEMENTS 157 Saying Ours is one of the foremost Laundries in the whole country, is but another way of saying how well we are serving a host of patrons. La Grande Laundry “The Recommended Laundry” 250 S. 12th STREET SAN FRANCISCO PHONE MARKET 916 PACIFIC DEPARTMENT AMERICAN CENTRAL INSURANCE CO. ST. PAUL FIRE MARINE INSURANCE CO. THE ROYAL EXCHANGE ASSURANCE LONDON SCOTTISH ASSURANCE CORP., Ltd. LLOYDS PLATE GLASS INSURANCE CO. Fire, Automobile and Plate Glass Insurance B. GOODWIN, Manager 241 Sansome Street SAN FRANCISCO 158 THE l(i X ATI AN Phones: Hay view 2284 Pacific 4935 Park Pharmacy Highest Standard JOSEPH KRAUS PROP. Cor. Hayes and Cole Sts. San Francisco Arthur O’Connor Telephone Kearny 2280 REAL ESTATE WITH L. SKOLL McKee Dress Suits Rented Conway 2761 MISSION STREET Phone Mission 186 and Sold 257 KEARNY STREET Cor. Bush JEREMIAH F. SULLIVAN THEODORE J. ROCHE MATTHKW I. SULLIVAN EDWARD I. HARRY Sullivan Sullivan and Theo. J. Roche ATTORNEYS AT LAW HUMBOLDT BANK BUILDING Phone Kearny 5740 San Francisco, Calif. ADVERTISEMENTS 159 FISHER CO. JET ANDREWS Hatters Since 1851 646 Market Street, opp. Palace Hotel See Our CLOTH and STRAW HATS and CAPS ALSO HOME INDUSTRY HATS Union Made in San Francisco For Information See MARTIE O’BRIEN ALSO SEE OUR NEW LINE IMPORTED TOP COATS The Hibernia Savings and Loan Society HIBERNIA BANK Incorporated 1864 COR. MARKET. McALLISTER and JONES STS. SAN FRANCISCO Assets ..........................$80,658,852.54 Reserve Fund.....................$ 5,022,348.57 OPEN DAILY FROM 10 A. M. TO 3 P. M. OPEN ALL DAY SATURDAY FROM 10 A. M. TO 8 P. M. 160 THE IGNAT I AN Tobin Tobin Attorneys at Law HIBERNIA BANK BUILDING Umbsen, Kerner Eisert Inc. REAL ESTATE AND INSURANCE 30 MONTGOMERY STREET All things Musical Sherman, May Co. Kearny and Sutter Sts., S. F. Fourteenth Clay Sts., Oakland Sacramento, Stockton, Fresno, San Jose ST. IGNATIUS CANDY STORE L. McGAFFEY 2118 HAYES ST. Tel. Pacific 5871 � AD VERT1 SEMEN TS 1G1 The San Francisco Savings and Loan Society (THE SAN FRANCISCO BANK) SAVINGS COMMERCIAL INCORPORATED FEBRUARY 10th, 1868. One of the Oldest Banks in California, the Assets of which have never been increased by mergers or consolidations with other Banks. Member Associated Savings Banks of San Francisco 526 California Street, San Francisco, Cal. DECEMBER 31st, 1923 Assets......................................... $89,174,468.57 Capital, Reserve and Contingent Funds............ 3,850,000.00 Employees’ Pension Fund............................ 430,275.37 MISSION BRANCH.......................Mission and 21st Streets PARK-PRESIDIO DISTRICT BRANCH........Clement St. and 7th Ave. HAIGHT STREET BRANCH..Haight and Belvedere Streets WEST PORTAL BRANCH.West Porta I Ave. and Ulloa St. Interest paid on Deposits at the rate of FOUR AND ONE QUARTER (4 4) per cent per annum, COMPUTED MONTHLY and COMPOUNDED QUARTERLY, AND MAY BE WITHDRAWN QUARTERLY THE JON ATI AN 162 Sacred Heart College FOUNDED 1872 ELLIS AND FRANKLIN STREETS SAN FRANCISCO Conducted by the Christian Brothers Grammar, High School and Commercial Courses Accredited to St. Mary’s College and the University of California Phone Franklin 3250 Phone Market 437 Tel. Garfield 3374 GAFFNEY LUCE V incent W. Hallinan THE HUB MARKET Attorney and Counselor at Law 1676 Market Street Exchange Block 369 Pine Street San Francisco, California HATS for the College Man James E. Leary HATTER 100 SUTTER STREET SAN FRANCISCO A DVERTI EMESTS 163 F. VINCENT MATRAIA. Pres. Art Floral Co., Inc. Flowers for All Occasions 247 POWELL STREET at Geary Decorators for St. Ignatius Church for 20 Years SEE OUR NEW LINE OF TABLE FAVORS Kearny 3524 Kearny 3525 Flowers by telegraph anywhere Phone Bay view 3953 D’Alessio Conservatory of Music PROF. CAMILLO D’ALESSIO Principal VIOLIN, PIANO, HARMONY, SOLFEGGIO, ORCHESTRATION, MANDOLIN, GUITAR, STEEL GUITAR, BANJOS AND ALL WIND INSTRUMENTS VOICE 307 SIXTH AVENUE Cor. Clement Street SAN FRANCISCO 164 THE IGNATIAN Phone: Market 1542 Ed Birchall Phone Hemlock 1600-1605 A. N. WARD United Cigar Store Agent Billiard and Soft Drink Parlor BIRCH ALL'S CANDIES ICE CREAM PARLOR Your Patronage Solicited 1801 HAIGHT STREET Cor. Shrader . 596 Stanyan Street 1898 Haight Street SAN FRANCISCO SCHWARTZ OLSEN’S GINGER ALE CO. LUNCH ROOM 490 - 5th St. 1815 Haight Street ♦ “Wholesale Only” Telephone Pacific 8033 A Good Place to Eat DUVARAS HENRY MEEVE GROCER Eighth Ave. Fulton St. Homemade Pies a Specialty Phone Bayview 4370 i 900 CABRILLO STREET Cor. 10th Ave. Service and Quality