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Page 14 text:
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,tg .. ',,. qfxy ss -it-wvgirgrr A Q-'SQ' 211 tv? 553 is 'J WDC at J -A-3 C C, JN J r ,I A Q 'tx ,Z mnulsl 5133! Q un P? 7 qs, , ' I --1 9 f QW mmilliimllllilinll mmm A w i 1552- if 5 E? -1 W i JW' QQ? QQQ 1 ph I x , L X-1 ' '-if By 1 B '2 K. TOWNSEND Moons 'NE Mombo The History oi the University of Pennsylvania dates back to l74O when the Rev. George Whitefield inspired the Charitable School. As one of the greatest Evangelists of his day, Whitefield drew large crowds to hear him, but to him no pulpit in the city was open. With the dual purpose of providing a hall to shelter his congregations and to found a charity school, funds were raised to erect a building on Fourth below Arch. But neither the Charitable School nor Whitefield's meetings proved successful, and the trustees slowly sunk deeply into debt. During this period Benjamin Franklin, one of these Trustees, was endeavoring to start a school for higher learning. At that time there were only three in exist- ence in America: Harvard, Yale, and William and Mary. lt wasn't until 1749 when his celebrated Pro- posals Relating to the Education of Youth in Pen- ' silvania was published that he was able to get enough money to found the Academy, with himself as ' the president of the Board of Trustees. In looking for a location for the Academy, Franklin, as a trustee of both the Charitable School and the Academy, was able to arrange that the building of the Charitable School be taken over by the Academy with the condi- tions that the debts be paid, that the Charitable School be maintained, and that a lecture hall be kept for Visit- ing preachers regardless of sect or denomination. With this merger of objects and property Whitefield's school ' now became the Academy and Charitable School of Pl'1llCId9lpl'1lCI. The presidential residence that became College Hall in 1802. The first medical school in America founded in 1765. With the financial aid of the new trustees gathered by Franklin the Academy and Charitable School was able to make the needed building repairs and open its doors on lanuary 7, l75l. When it opened, it boasted of four schools, the Charitable school, a Latin school, an English school, and a Mathe- matics school, each in the charge of a master. The schools progressed well through popular support, and in 1753 the trustees obtained from Thomas and Richard Penn a charter naming them the Trustees of the Academy and Charitable School in the Province of Pennsylvania.
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Page 15 text:
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l - ,N 1940 'it:-- V 51' An executive officer and an able administrator was now needed and such a person was found in the Rev. William Smith, a graduate of the University of Aberdeen, who had attracted much attention by his pamphlet for an ideal College of Mirania. When Dr. Smith joined the Academy and Charitable School in 1755 a fifth school was added, a Philosophical school, under his care. That same year Dr. Smith estab- lished The College. The trustees obtained from the lieutenant-governor of the province a second charter that changed the name to The College, Academy, and Charitable School of Philadelphia, and gave the trustees the power to grant degres, appoint a provost and vice-provost, and to use the title of professor. lmmediately William Smith was named as Provost and Francis Alison, then Rector of the schools, as Vice-Provost. The appointment of Dr. Smith as Provost was very profitable. Not only did he draw men from all over the American provinces and the West Indies, but he was very successful in raising money. On one occasion when on a trip through the provinces and England, he was able to raise f20,000. His efforts in bringing new men to the schools were such that when the first commencement took place in 1757 there were nearly three hundred men enrolled, among whom one hundred were in the college. But all that knew Provost Smith were not his friends, for in 1758 due to some political and religious disagreements, he was tempor- arily thrown into jail. Still this did not close the College, as his students continued to come to him, and he spoke to them from his cell. At the first commencement seven men received their degrees of Bachelor of Arts. Among these men there was one john Morgan, who later Went abroad to study medicine and returned to Philadelphia in 1765 and presented to the Trustees of the College, Academy, and Charitable School plans for the beginnings of a Department of Medicine. The Trustees, approving the suggestion, appointed Dr. Morgan, Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine-the first medical profes sorship ever to be established in America. This pro- fessorship together with those of the College brought into being the first real University in the United States. For a medical school the Trustees obtained a building on the east side of Fifth Street above Walnut, which became known as Surgeon's Hall. That same year Willian Shippen was made Professor of Anatomy and Surgery. It was from the efforts of these two men that the first Medical School in America grew. ln 1768 the school graduated its first class of doctors with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. A year later Benjamin Plush was appointed by the school to the first Chemistry Professorship ever to be created in this country. Much trouble came to the College during the Revolution. For fifteen weeks while the British occupied Philadelphia in 1777 and 1778 the College was closed. Then soon after it was reopened, because of the dis- The twin buildings, the Medical School and College Hall, built 1829. - 5 1 ,Q 5, 5'-' g E- -- ..... - , H 1 ilil rs t ',,,f M I 5 5 A ' :Isl :ai E 1 - if lilull 1 Il tit H 1 . :e.i.-1.4 ,,L,s.--iL.-. 1- .- it lm '-ee.f..ea...e -- 555 5! 1153555 essgsiggg iiiifiit it EEEEEE EEESEEIE QSQESEH iiiiiil I 1 - . - 5 , A r 1 mlmnml nullmlrllwlrrmvf V, A ,, , , T5 . .-T. .. .mt mmm- nn -.,,.-....mm U.. ...m,.mt...-..tm--H1V-.W---.U-...W---...... 5 .mmm-umm A V - i- 4 --ti www1p11gZ1qi3rn1L3S mL'lifl'.zll.f1.lK:iEffti'fir'iiiltt1..L2'.'1'!f'mtEl1ttttMj1ffij'itttm't.tttfni uw- 19315 H!li'M'l'E 3 '5 l U .,., . . ':f?f'f fx.i 5 2 ? iii - Ei: -- - Y i- ' gi, 33:-,e-irgz. ', i v :re -'vi-1-s-' .-Q:- 'aa' ,
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