University of the Pacific School of Dentistry - Chips Yearbook (San Francisco, CA)

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Aditya of the Vedic, the God Emperor Chinnung of China, was jealous of Seb and Nutpe's pretensions and pronounced a curse upon them, in not permitting them to bear children on any day of the year. This symbolizes the difficulty of the thought of creation. ' The Gods Shake Dice. The divine healer, Thoth or Hermes, the god of wisdom, loved the Goddess Nupte and contrived to help her. Accordingly the goddess of the moon, Pecht, the Greek Artemis, the Roman Diana, was induced to shake dice with the god Thoth for one seventieth part or five nights of her yearly illumination. Thoth won and added these five days to make the year 365 days. This implies the early correction of our calendar. These five days became the birthdays of some of our later health bringing gods. Osiris was born on the first day, when a heavenly voice pro- claimed: The Lord of all things is now born. Horus fthe elderj was born on the second day, Typhon or Seth on the third dayg Isis on the fourth day and Nepthys, the Greek Venus or victory, on the fifth day. According to this, the latest revised revision of Egyptian gods, Osiris and Horus were children of the sun. Isis was the daughter of Thoth or Hermes and Typhon and Nepthys were children of Seb, the god of Time. Osiris the Popular God. Osiris rapidly became a great medical divinity and was tl1e most popular god of ancient Egypt. He married the beautiful Isis and the I-Ioly Trinity became Osiris the c1'eative principle, Horus the mediator, and Typhon CSethj the destroyer. A later, and I think a better version is that Osiris was the Creator, Isis the preserver and Horus the mediator. Death and Reincarnation of Osiris. The wicked god, Typhon or Seth slew the great god-doctor Osiris, who, according to Plutarch, became Serapis, the Pluto or king of the underworld. Even after his death Osiris remained a great physician a11d as Serapis or Osiris-Apis, he became the dream god of medicine of the Egyptians and was worshiped even up to the time of the Christian era, and afterwards, in which respect he resembled the great Aesculapius, son of Apollo, and the Thessalian Virgin, Coronis. Osiris was reincarnated as the sacred black bull Apis, who had magnificent temples built to him in Memphis. For many centuries he was worshiped as a medical divinity in Egypt, Greece and Rome. I Divine Physicians Similar to Aesculapius. Dr. Anubis,- Another divine doctor was Anubis, Anup or Anupu, who was the child of Osiris by Nepthys. the wife of Typhon, the wicked. Anubis is regarded as symbolic of the brightest star. 36

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Gods and Goddesses of Health. The prehistoric gods and goddesses of health, of Egypt, resemble closely those of Chaldaea, Babylon, India and other countries. The Egyptians had several series of gods, as indeed did most other nations. Thus we find, according to one series, that Phthah was the creator, Amen or Ammon the father of all the gods, the Revealer, and Osiris, the benefactor of mankind, the great physician. Phthah sprang from the mouth of the divine spirit, Kneph, in the shape of an egg. Sun Gods. The Egyptian sun g'od Amen, Ammon, Re or Ra Q65 may be identified with the Greek god 'Zeus and the Roman god jupiter, the Sanskrit Dyaus, the lilindu llrahma, the Danish Odin or lVoden. Another version has it that Re was the first of all living beings. He arose a naked babe from a lotus flower that floated in the primeval ocean, Nun. Others claim that Re crept from an egg and a third account of the birth of the father of all the gods, refers to him as self procreation. In a Ramesside hymn we read: Three are all the Gods, Ammon, Re and Ptahfi The Memphis triad was composed of Ptah, Sakhmi and Nefertem. The Thebes Trinity consisted of Ammon, the father, Nlillt, the mother and Chons, the son. At Elephantine the father of the gods was lihnum, who, with two wives, Satis and Anukis, completed the Trinity. In upper Egypt the sun god Amen or Ra was chief, but in Lower Egypt, Phthah was supreme. Phthah corresponds to the Greek Hephaestus, the Roman Vulcan, the god of fire- the father of the sun. The earliest doctors reasoned that from Phthah came light. From light came life and from life emanated gods, men, animals and plants. Thothz 'Before the birth of the great physician Osiris, Thoth, the son of the divine spirit Kneph had been created. This great divine healer is often confounded with the Greek Hermes, the Roman Mercury, the messenger of the immortals. Thoth was the god of wisdom and the inventor of art, science, speech and letters. Creation of Osiris The creation of Osiris and Isis, according to Plutarch, was as follows: The early Egyptians had twelve months, of thirty days each, or 360 days in' a year. The parents of the third set of deities were Seb, the earth or Father Time, the Greek Kronos, the Roman Saturn, and Nupte or Nut, the sky or space, the Greek Rhea and Roman Cybele. The great sun-god, Ra, Amen, Ra, Phrah, Tum or Tom, the Helios and Apollo of the Greek, the Indra of India, the llaal- Samen of the Phoenicians, the Shamas of the Assyrians, the '35

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The burning Serius, the watch dog of the Ibis-headed Thoth, and the conductor and guardian of the dead. He was also like Aesculapius, worshiped as the inventor of physic. The Guide of Physicians. The great god, Thoth, Thot, the Tet or Taactes of the Phoenicians, the writer or clerk of Heaven, whom the Greek compare to Hermes, while not a god of health himself- an active practitioner -was credited with being the author of six books on the healing art in which anatomy, pathology and thera- peutics were treated of, together with diseases of the eye, so prevalent in Egypt since the days of Moses UU. In the Papyrus, Ebersf' which was written at Sais during the XVIII Dynasty Cabout the time of Mosesj the god Thoth is called the Guide of Physicians. Q8.j Dr. Imhotep, the mortal that became divine. Imhotep, the Imuthes of the Greek, was the son of Phthah and the goddess of the heavens Sekhet, the sister of Horus. Isle was the architect of Zoser in the III dynasty and named Asklep- ious by the Greek. Dr. Amenophis, or Amenhotp, son of Hop, who was born in the XVIII dynasty, and Imhotep were two great human physicians that lived andworked in Egypt. IfVhen they died they received the honors of deiiica- tion. C9.j Dr. Chonsu. Chonsu, or Chonsu-Nefer-I'Iotep, the child of the sun god Ammon, often spoken of as the Hercules of the Egyptians, was regarded as a medicine god. Thiele, the Egyptologist, says: He was resorted to for the cure of all diseases or for the excor- cism of all the evil spirits who inllict themf, ClO.j Dr. Horus. Osiris was the god of health and supervised the healing art. I-Iis son Horus fthe youngerj, who resembles Apollo, is reputed by Murray Qllj to have been deeply versed in medicinef' His face is in the shape of the divine hawk. Thiele says: IIorus is the god of light and the token of life. Q12.j Dr. Serapis, the Dream God Physician The god Serapis was the Egyptian deity of the underworld in contra distinction to Apis, the reincarnation of Osiris of the 37