University of North Dakota - Dacotah Yearbook (Grand Forks, ND)

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course, fully engaged during the regular sessions. The Summer Session, therefore, now consists of a College Section and an Elementary Section. In addition to the regular lines of work formerly offered in each, several new features are planned to satisfy a decided need. With North Dakotak proverbially cool summer weather, With the campus at its best, with interesting special features at hand, and many distractions of the regular Uni- versity year conspicuously absent, almost ideal conditions for earnest work are created, and the session of 1913 promises to be the most satisfactory thus far held. The University The fusing, centripetal force in the University is its weekly Convo- Convocalion cation. It is the University conscious of itself as a whole. To look upon Convocation as a mere adjunctea sort of fifth wheeleis cer- tainly a wrongr conception. The University, just as any higher organism, has a collective life, a communal consciousness, and Convocation should be a weekly or daily drawing upon this reservoir of combined strength. But for Convocation, the University would be aware of itself only in spots; by this periodic fusion into totality, the University becomes a selfhood,ea thinking organism, relating its parts to a whole, and thus leading a life of rationalized self-conscious activity. Because of the feeling of its cardinal importance, the hour in which it is to be held has been culled out from the sum total of the hours of the week with a view of maximum attendance by the student body and likewise of the most favorable conditions for blended interests and social contact. Feeling that generosity is here the wisest economy, the University of North Dakota annually sets aside a goodly fund for bringing to the University as Convocation speakers, such men as by reputation and commanding position, within the state and without, ensure by their coming the deliverance of a timely and needed message, whether relating to student life in particular, or to the larger life of the world in general. The mere mention of such names as Prof. Graham Taylor of the Chicago Commons; Dr. William Ellis Griffith of Itaca, New York; Dr. A. E. Winship of Boston; Prof. W. I. Thomas of Chicago University; Dr. Charles E. Bealls, Field Seccretary of the American Peace So- ciety; Rev. Jenkin Lloyd Jones of Lincoln Center; Professor Jastrow of Wisconsin Uni- versity,enames chosen almost at random from the list of eminent speakers, who have honored the University by their presence, and spoken inspiringly and instructively at Con- vocation, each one with a special message, bespeaks the range and significance of intellec- tual and moral stimulus afforded by the University through the medium of the weekly Convocation address. A special and perhaps unique feature of Convocation, at the University, is the so- called Between-Us-Dayf, Outwardly it consists of an address by the President, calling attention of faculty and students to the movement and trend of things in the University, to the opportunities for improvement or occasions for change in one respect or another. Considered more subjectively, it is the University collectively introspective. Already this holding of judgment day upon ourselves has been felt as wholesome and tonic, and continued in the same spirit of honest unHinching self-criticism must show its effects in in- stituional betterment and advance.

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factory, and in spite of uthe high cost of living the price of board has remained at $3.25 per week. Public Health The Public Health Laboratory of North Dakota was established Laboratories at the State University nearly four years ago. The laboratory makes sanitary analyses of drinking water, ice, and milk, but the last only under special arrangements. The only way to determine the purity and safety of a drinking water is by making bacteriological and chemical analyses, and the state has, therefore, provided for the making of these analyses. The laboratory also makes micro- scopic diagnosis of diptheria, consumption, typhoid fever, rabies, and pathological tissues, free of charge, for any health officer or regularly licensed physician of the state. The work of this laboratory has had a very rapid growth during the last three years. During the first year of its existence there were receiVed and examined 1,828 bacteriological and pathological specimens of various kinds. During the second year the number of examinations increased to 3,293, and for the third year the total number of examinations went up to 4,700. The report of the Director for the past year shows that the laboratory examined 7,038 specimens, of Which 3,683 were taken care of at the University, 2,748 at the Minot laboratory and 607 at the Bismarck laboratory. The large number at the Minot laboratory was due in part to the daily analysis of the public water supply at Minot and also to the larger use to which the laboratory was put by the physicians of that community. The University has recognized that the efficiency of this work depends upon the promptness with which reports from the laboratory are received by the attending phy- sician. The University has, therefore, established branch laboratories close to the people of the state, in order that the people may get the best possible service. The men in charge of the branch laboratories are serving their respective cities in the capacity of dairy and milk inspectors, and make frequent bacteriological analyses of the city,s water sup- ply. The laboratory at the University also serves the city of Grand Forks directly, in that it acts as milk inspector for the health department of Grand Forks and makes bac- teriological analyses of the water supply of that city at least twice a week. These laboratories are entirely under the control of the State University, and the professor of Bacteriology is director of them all. The work is outlined at the University laboratory, and the assistants in the branch laboratories make monthly reports to the head laboratory at the University, although they are placed largely upon their own responsibili- ties in their individual communities. It is believed that no other institution in this country has brought is laboratories so close to the people of the state as has the University. The Summer For many years a Summer School was maintained at the University, Session under the joint management of the University and the State Depart- ment of Education. It was mainly for the convenience of rural and graded teachers of Grand Forks, Pembina and Walsh counties, instruction being given in what is known as the certificate subjects, relatively little work of strictly college work being offered. Two years ago, however, in response to a growing demand, a College Section was organized and courses in several of the regular departments of the University were offered. A larger number than was anticipated availed themselves of the opportun- ity to use the summer season for study, and the experiment was found to be a success. A year later the work was planned on .still broader lines and proved a very material assist- ance to many ambitious students as well as to several teachers of the state who are, of

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Geddes Springgate Covert THE COURSE FOR THE TRAINING OF NURSES WING to the many demands made upon the nurse of today by both the physician 0 and the public, it is of eminent importance that she be well equipped tor the many fields of nursing in which we find her engaged. It demands a different type of training than that of ten or more years ago, when there were but two helds, private duty and institutional work. For that reason, the education of the nurse is placed in universities and colleges where the foundation of this training is laid. It consists of one year of academic work followed by two years and three months of further study, combined with practical work in the hospital. Since the University of North Dakota has no hospital in Which the student could complete her training, affiliation with institutions in various parts of the country has been arranged for. There is manifest advantage in this arrangement of this work, since it enables the student, through a year of extensive study to gain more complete knowledge of the tech- nical and cultural subjects than would be possible if a portion of her time were occupied with the mechanical work which enters so largely into the first year of an ordinary hos- pital training course. Moreover, this thorough technical preparation enables the candi- date to make more satisfactory use of the information gained when she enters upon her hospital service, than is possible with the fragmentary theoretical work offered in many hospitals. This academic course, preliminary to the hospital training of nurses, is one of only three of its character in the country, one at Columbia University in New York City, the other recently established at the University of Colorado. Upon the successful completion of the course of study specified in the curriculum, such students as show apitude for the work of nursing will be admitted to the hospitals aleiated with the University. At the end of two years and three months of thorough training in these hospitals, the successful student Will receive from the University of North Dakota, a diploma in nursing. This diploma will entitle the nurse to registration in all states, admit her to all nursing organizations, and serve as a guarantee of superior training wherever she may wish to engage in the work.