University of Maryland School of Pharmacy - Terra Mariae Yearbook (Baltimore, MD)

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Charles P. Frick was elected Professor of Materia Medica, June 5, 1856, and on April 7, 1858, Professor Fricfc, having been called to the chair of materia medica in the old University of Maryland School of Medicine, was succeeded by Professor Frank Donald- son, M.D. Like his predecessor, he was called to a professorship in the University of Maryland. He wa» succeeded by Professor J. R. Winslow in 1863, and the latter, on June 1, 1886, by Claude Baxley, M.D., who ably filled the position until 1879, when declining health caused him to sever his cormection with the col- lege. He, in turn, was followed by J. Faris Moore, MJD., iwho continued in this chair until his sudden death on February 3, 1888, when Dr. David M. R. Culbreth, who had always been an ardent worker for his Ahria Mater, ably and efficiently held the profes- sorship until June 10, 1920, when he resigned from atztive duty and became Professor Emeritus. Charles C. Plitt, Ph.G., Sc.D., of the class of 1892, served as Professor of Botany and Pharmacognosy until hi:s death in 1933. Assistant Professor Frank J. Slama, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., who is an alumnus of the school, and who completed his graduate studies at the University of Maryland, was appointed to head the departm.ent in 1938. Great advances have been made in the profession of pharmacy since 1856, and it has been found neces- sary to enlarge the curriculum from time to time to keep abreast of this progress. In the broadening of its curriculi.un, the school has been guided largely by the standards set by the American Association of CoUeges of Pharmacy. In 1902 the school was one of the first in America to give a special course in prescription compounding, consisting of both lectures and labora- tory work. Dr. Henry P. Hynson was elected Professor of Dispensing Pharmacy, and continued in this chair until 1916, when he was succeeded by J. Carlton Wolf, B.S., PharX)., Sc.D., who now heads the department. In 1913 courses in pharmaceutical arithmetic and pharma- ceutical law were added. In 1927 the work in com- mercial pharmacy was expanded. Later, a course in principles of economics was added as a basic subject in this department, which is now known as the Depart- ment! of Economics. This department is in charge of Miss B. Olive Cole, Phar.D., LL.B., who is also Pro- fessor of Pharmaceutical Law. In 1921 the curriculum was further broadened to include the general educational subjects, English, modem languages, algebra, trigonometry, zoology and physics. In the same year provisions were made for teaching bacteriology. A separate department was in charge of Assistant Professor Arthur H. Bryan, V.M. D., B.S., M.A. Since 1937 the department has been presided over by Associate Professor Thomas C. Grubb, A.B., Ph.D., whose experience includes commercial work, public health work and research in bacteriology. In 1930 a De[ artment of Pharmacology was or- ganized in the school to give instruction in bioassaying. The equipment of this department and its maintenance were made possible through the generosity of the late Captain Isaac E. Emerson, who endowed it liberally. In 1938 Marvin R. Thompson, Ph.C, B.S., Ph.D., Emerson Professor of Pharmacology since 1930, re- signed to accept the Directorship of the Warner In- stitute of Therapeutic Research. Clifford W. Chap- man, B.A., M.Sc., Ph.D., who had been with the Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Pensions and National Health of Canada, which department is in charge of drug control in the Dominion, and in which he held the position of pharmacologist, is the present head of the department. Following the reorganization of the Maryland Col- lege of Pharmacy in 1856, control was vested in the offices of the College President, First and Second Vice- Presidents, .Treasurer and Secretary, who, together with the Board of Examiners (three members), con- stituted the Board of Trustees. The first President was Mr. Thomas G. MacKenzie, 1840-1842, followed by Mr. Benjamin Rush Roberts from 1842 to 1844. Mr. George W. Andrews was President from 1844 to 1871, and was followed in succession by such illus- trious pharmacists as Dr. J. Brown Baxley, Dr. J. Faris Moore, Dr. John F. Hancock, Dr. Joseph Rob- erts, Dr .Edwin Eareckson, Mr. WiOiam S. Thompn son, Mr. Louis Dohme and Mr. Charles E. Dohme (1894-1904). In 1904 it became a department of the state university, when the old University of Mary- land was merged with the Maryland State College. With the last merger, control was transferred to the 11

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History of the SCHOOL of Pharmacy THE need of an institution where apprentices in pharmacy could be given systematic instruction in the sciences underlying their profession had long been felt by leading pharmacists and physicians of Baltimore, when in 1841 a charter was obtained from the General Assembly for the Maryland College of Pharmacy. The incorporators, seventeen in number, and among whom were Messrs. George M. Andrews, Thomas G. MacKenzie, R. Rush Roberts, Robert Cole- man and Dr. David Stewart, immediately organized and established courses of instruction in chemistry, pharmacy and materia medica. These men carried on the work of the college until 1847, when, owing to the death of some members and change of business of others, they were compelled to suspend all lectures. During the period of operation, however, they gradu- ated a number of eminent pharmacists, to whose eflForts in resuscitating and reorganizing the college in 1856 much is due. Among the older graduates appear t he names of Messrs. Frederick A. Cochrane, Alpheus P. Sharp, William S. Thompson, Samuel Rodgers, J. Paris Moore, John W. Read and Christian Steinhofer. Of these, Messrs. Alpheus P. Sharp and William S. Thompson were not only earnest and active supporters of the college, but were adornments to the profession they represented, as well as graduates of whom their Alma Mater might well be proud. In 1856, at the request of the graduates and a number of Baltimore pharmacists, the president, Mr. George W. Andrews, called a meeting which resulted in the election of thirty-one new members, and a thorough reorganization of the college. The new Board of Trustees established three professorshijas: Dr. Lewis Steiner was elected Professor of Chemistry; Dr. Charles P. Frick, Professor of Materia Medica, and Israel Grahame, Professor of Pharmacy. A course of lectures was given during the season 1857-1858 to a class of intelligent and appreciative students, and the college took a new lease on life, which has since been maintained. Dr. David Stewart gave the lectures in pharmacy during the period 1841-1846. Following the reorganiza- tion, the chair of pharmacy was filled by Professor Israel J. Grahame, who was succeeded by Mr. P. Phillips, an earnest and interesting instructor. The sudden death of Professor Phillips caused the election of J. Paris Moore to the vacancy. Professor Moore was one of the oldest graduates of the college, and was a consistent and zealous worker in behalf of his Alma Mater and in the interest of pharmacy until his death. He continued in the chair of pharmacy for nineteen years, when, on resignation of the chair of Materia Medica by Professor Baxley, he was chosen Professor of Materia Medica. Then, on March 8, 1879, Dr. Charles Caspari, Jr., who was later to play such an important part in the history of the Maryland College of Pharmacy, was elected Professor of Phar- macy, which chair he continued to fill until hb death on October 13, 1917. He was succeeded by Dr. Evan- der P. Kelly, class of 1902, who held the professorship until January, 1926, when it was taken over by Dr. John C. Krantz, Jr., class of 1919, who held it for one year. Andrew G. E uMez, Ph.G., B.S., M.S., Ph.D., the present E ean, now holds the professorship. Mr. William E. A. Aiken was lecturer in chemistry from 1841-1846. Prom 1856 the professorship of chemistry was filled for a number of years by Dr. Louil Steiner. On his departure from the city, he was suc- ceeded by Professor Alfred Mayer, who afterward moved to New York. He was, in turn, succeeded by a graduate of the college, E r. Helsby, who remained a few years and then entered upon the practice of medicine. The chair was then occupied by Dr. De Rosset, a man of great ability and a popular lecturer. Upon his resignation in 1873, the Board of Trustees elected the able and energetic Professor William Simon, Ph.D., M.D., to fill the vacancy. Daniel Base, Ph.D., became associated with Dr. Simon in 1895, and was elected Professor of Chemistry in 1902, which position he held until his resignation in 1920 to be- come associated with Hynson, Westcott Dunning. The teaching of the basic courses in chemistry are under the direction of the Department of Chemistry of the University of Maryland. In 1936 Glenn L. Jenkins, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., Professor of Pharma- ceutical Chemistry since 1927, resigned to accept a similar position in the School of Pharmacy of the University of Minnesota. Walter H. Hartung, B.A., Ph.D., who had been research chemist for Sharp Dohme for a decade, is the present head of the de- partment. Messrs. David Stewart and William S. Reese were the lecturers in materia medica, 1844-1846. Dr. 10

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offices of the University. The control of the Universi- ty of Maryland is now vested in the Board of Regents, of which Henry Holzapfel, Jr., is chairman. A Facul- ty Gjuncil, composed of the Dean and certain mem- bers of the faculty, control the internal affairs of each separate school comprising the University. Dr. Charles Caspari, Jr., became Dean of the Maryland College of Pharmacy in 1896, and continued as Dean after the merger of the college with the old University of Maryland until his death on October 13, 1917. E r. Daniel Base succeeded him, but because of conditions incident to the World War, Dr. Base obtained leave of absence to teach in another depart- ment, and Dr. Evander F. Kelly was elected Dean on September 30, 1918. This office was held by Dr. Kelly until December 31, 1925, when he became Sec- retary of the American Pharmaceutical Association. Dr. Andrew G. DuMez, formerly Associate Pharma- cologist, Hygienic Laboratory, U. S. Public Health Service, succeeded Dr. Kelly and is the present Dean. The first classes were held in a small room at Gay and Baltimore Streets, the office of Thomas G. Mac- Kenzie, who was one of the founders of the college. From April 24, 1844 until 1847 the, lectures were given in the amphitheatre of the University of Mary- land, located at Lombard and Greene Streets. After the reorganization of the college in 1856, classes were held in rented halls; viz., Eutaw and Lexington Streets, Calvert and Water Streets, the hall of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty at 47 North Calvert Street, and 12 West Baltimore Street. Early in 1876 Female Gram- mar School No. 3, located on Aisquith Street, was pur- chased from the City of Baltimore, remodeled and fitted up to accommodate the work of the college. Iji 1887 this building was torn down and a three-story modem structure erected in its place. The latter building was occupied until 1904, when the Maryland College of Pharmacy was amalgamated with the group of professional schools in Baltimore then known as the University of Maryland. At this time the college moved to Lomi ard and Greene Streets where it has remained ever since. In January, 1930, the college moved into the building erected by the state to accom- modate the work of the Schools of Dentistry and Pharmacy which it now occupies. The present building is the realization of a great need for adequate quarters in which to teach the hon- ored profession of pharmacy in Maryland. Every one interested in pharmacy may well be proud of thii splendid building, as well as of the modern equipment and apparatus which have been provided for demon- stration and teaching purposes. From the foregoing account, it will be seen that the School of Pharmacy of the University of Mary- land, whichbegan its existence as the Maryland Col- lege of Pharmacy, has exercised its functions as a teaching institution since 1841 except for the ten-year period 1846 to 1856. In spite of its vicissitudes, it has steadily borne itself onward and upward. It has steadi- ly increased and improved its facilities to enable it to impart instruction in keeping with the advancement of pharmaceutical knowledge. It was the first institution of its kind to establish a professorship of pharmacy, and thereby allocate to that branch of learning an in- dividuality of its own. It was the first institution to have a course in the manufacture of the various galenical preparations of the United States Pharma- copeia and the National Formulary, as well as the first to have a separate course in dispensing pharmacy. It was also one of the first schools to make analytical chemistry obligatory for graduation. In still othet lines its leadership has been manifest, particularly in the textbooks published by members of its teaching staff and in its efforts to advance the standard of pharma- ceutical education. Dr. William Simon ' s Manual of Chemistry is now in its twelfth edition, and Dr. David M. R. Culbreth ' s Manual of Materia Medica and Pharmacology and Caspari ' s Treatise on Pharmacy are still being used in a number of our colleges of pharmacy. The first convention of representatives of colleges of pharmacy was held in Baltimore on Sep- tember 13, 1870, on invitation of Dr. Henry P. Hyn- son, a member of the Faculty of the Maryland College of Pharmacy. Again in 1900 it was Dr. Hynson who issued the call for the conference of pharmaceutical educators which resulted in the formation of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. The result of all the foregoing activities has been a steady growth in size and influence, so that the school now holds a position in the front ranks of the teaching institutions of its kind in this country. 12