University of Maryland School of Pharmacy - Terra Mariae Yearbook (Baltimore, MD)

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History of the SCHOOL of Pharmacy THE need of an institution where apprentices in pharmacy could be given systematic instruction in the sciences underlying their profession had long been felt by leading pharmacists and physicians of Baltimore, when in 1841 a charter was obtained from the General Assembly for the Maryland College of Pharmacy. The incorporators, seventeen in number, and among whom were Messrs. George M. Andrews, Thomas G. MacKenzie, R. Rush Roberts, Robert Cole- man and Dr. David Stewart, immediately organized and established courses of instruction in chemistry, pharmacy and materia medica. These men carried on the work of the college until 1847, when, owing to the death of some members and change of business of others, they were compelled to suspend all lectures. During the period of operation, however, they gradu- ated a number of eminent pharmacists, to whose eflForts in resuscitating and reorganizing the college in 1856 much is due. Among the older graduates appear t he names of Messrs. Frederick A. Cochrane, Alpheus P. Sharp, William S. Thompson, Samuel Rodgers, J. Paris Moore, John W. Read and Christian Steinhofer. Of these, Messrs. Alpheus P. Sharp and William S. Thompson were not only earnest and active supporters of the college, but were adornments to the profession they represented, as well as graduates of whom their Alma Mater might well be proud. In 1856, at the request of the graduates and a number of Baltimore pharmacists, the president, Mr. George W. Andrews, called a meeting which resulted in the election of thirty-one new members, and a thorough reorganization of the college. The new Board of Trustees established three professorshijas: Dr. Lewis Steiner was elected Professor of Chemistry; Dr. Charles P. Frick, Professor of Materia Medica, and Israel Grahame, Professor of Pharmacy. A course of lectures was given during the season 1857-1858 to a class of intelligent and appreciative students, and the college took a new lease on life, which has since been maintained. Dr. David Stewart gave the lectures in pharmacy during the period 1841-1846. Following the reorganiza- tion, the chair of pharmacy was filled by Professor Israel J. Grahame, who was succeeded by Mr. P. Phillips, an earnest and interesting instructor. The sudden death of Professor Phillips caused the election of J. Paris Moore to the vacancy. Professor Moore was one of the oldest graduates of the college, and was a consistent and zealous worker in behalf of his Alma Mater and in the interest of pharmacy until his death. He continued in the chair of pharmacy for nineteen years, when, on resignation of the chair of Materia Medica by Professor Baxley, he was chosen Professor of Materia Medica. Then, on March 8, 1879, Dr. Charles Caspari, Jr., who was later to play such an important part in the history of the Maryland College of Pharmacy, was elected Professor of Phar- macy, which chair he continued to fill until hb death on October 13, 1917. He was succeeded by Dr. Evan- der P. Kelly, class of 1902, who held the professorship until January, 1926, when it was taken over by Dr. John C. Krantz, Jr., class of 1919, who held it for one year. Andrew G. E uMez, Ph.G., B.S., M.S., Ph.D., the present E ean, now holds the professorship. Mr. William E. A. Aiken was lecturer in chemistry from 1841-1846. Prom 1856 the professorship of chemistry was filled for a number of years by Dr. Louil Steiner. On his departure from the city, he was suc- ceeded by Professor Alfred Mayer, who afterward moved to New York. He was, in turn, succeeded by a graduate of the college, E r. Helsby, who remained a few years and then entered upon the practice of medicine. The chair was then occupied by Dr. De Rosset, a man of great ability and a popular lecturer. Upon his resignation in 1873, the Board of Trustees elected the able and energetic Professor William Simon, Ph.D., M.D., to fill the vacancy. Daniel Base, Ph.D., became associated with Dr. Simon in 1895, and was elected Professor of Chemistry in 1902, which position he held until his resignation in 1920 to be- come associated with Hynson, Westcott Dunning. The teaching of the basic courses in chemistry are under the direction of the Department of Chemistry of the University of Maryland. In 1936 Glenn L. Jenkins, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., Professor of Pharma- ceutical Chemistry since 1927, resigned to accept a similar position in the School of Pharmacy of the University of Minnesota. Walter H. Hartung, B.A., Ph.D., who had been research chemist for Sharp Dohme for a decade, is the present head of the de- partment. Messrs. David Stewart and William S. Reese were the lecturers in materia medica, 1844-1846. Dr. 10

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THE SCHDOL

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Charles P. Frick was elected Professor of Materia Medica, June 5, 1856, and on April 7, 1858, Professor Fricfc, having been called to the chair of materia medica in the old University of Maryland School of Medicine, was succeeded by Professor Frank Donald- son, M.D. Like his predecessor, he was called to a professorship in the University of Maryland. He wa» succeeded by Professor J. R. Winslow in 1863, and the latter, on June 1, 1886, by Claude Baxley, M.D., who ably filled the position until 1879, when declining health caused him to sever his cormection with the col- lege. He, in turn, was followed by J. Faris Moore, MJD., iwho continued in this chair until his sudden death on February 3, 1888, when Dr. David M. R. Culbreth, who had always been an ardent worker for his Ahria Mater, ably and efficiently held the profes- sorship until June 10, 1920, when he resigned from atztive duty and became Professor Emeritus. Charles C. Plitt, Ph.G., Sc.D., of the class of 1892, served as Professor of Botany and Pharmacognosy until hi:s death in 1933. Assistant Professor Frank J. Slama, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., who is an alumnus of the school, and who completed his graduate studies at the University of Maryland, was appointed to head the departm.ent in 1938. Great advances have been made in the profession of pharmacy since 1856, and it has been found neces- sary to enlarge the curriculum from time to time to keep abreast of this progress. In the broadening of its curriculi.un, the school has been guided largely by the standards set by the American Association of CoUeges of Pharmacy. In 1902 the school was one of the first in America to give a special course in prescription compounding, consisting of both lectures and labora- tory work. Dr. Henry P. Hynson was elected Professor of Dispensing Pharmacy, and continued in this chair until 1916, when he was succeeded by J. Carlton Wolf, B.S., PharX)., Sc.D., who now heads the department. In 1913 courses in pharmaceutical arithmetic and pharma- ceutical law were added. In 1927 the work in com- mercial pharmacy was expanded. Later, a course in principles of economics was added as a basic subject in this department, which is now known as the Depart- ment! of Economics. This department is in charge of Miss B. Olive Cole, Phar.D., LL.B., who is also Pro- fessor of Pharmaceutical Law. In 1921 the curriculum was further broadened to include the general educational subjects, English, modem languages, algebra, trigonometry, zoology and physics. In the same year provisions were made for teaching bacteriology. A separate department was in charge of Assistant Professor Arthur H. Bryan, V.M. D., B.S., M.A. Since 1937 the department has been presided over by Associate Professor Thomas C. Grubb, A.B., Ph.D., whose experience includes commercial work, public health work and research in bacteriology. In 1930 a De[ artment of Pharmacology was or- ganized in the school to give instruction in bioassaying. The equipment of this department and its maintenance were made possible through the generosity of the late Captain Isaac E. Emerson, who endowed it liberally. In 1938 Marvin R. Thompson, Ph.C, B.S., Ph.D., Emerson Professor of Pharmacology since 1930, re- signed to accept the Directorship of the Warner In- stitute of Therapeutic Research. Clifford W. Chap- man, B.A., M.Sc., Ph.D., who had been with the Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Pensions and National Health of Canada, which department is in charge of drug control in the Dominion, and in which he held the position of pharmacologist, is the present head of the department. Following the reorganization of the Maryland Col- lege of Pharmacy in 1856, control was vested in the offices of the College President, First and Second Vice- Presidents, .Treasurer and Secretary, who, together with the Board of Examiners (three members), con- stituted the Board of Trustees. The first President was Mr. Thomas G. MacKenzie, 1840-1842, followed by Mr. Benjamin Rush Roberts from 1842 to 1844. Mr. George W. Andrews was President from 1844 to 1871, and was followed in succession by such illus- trious pharmacists as Dr. J. Brown Baxley, Dr. J. Faris Moore, Dr. John F. Hancock, Dr. Joseph Rob- erts, Dr .Edwin Eareckson, Mr. WiOiam S. Thompn son, Mr. Louis Dohme and Mr. Charles E. Dohme (1894-1904). In 1904 it became a department of the state university, when the old University of Mary- land was merged with the Maryland State College. With the last merger, control was transferred to the 11