University of Maryland School of Medicine - Terrae Mariae Medicus (Baltimore, MD)

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Operating Room, University Hospital — 1898. Centennial Celebration, 1907. 21

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in fields all over the world. James Carroll was serving under Walter Reed on the Army ' s Yellow Fever Commission in Cuba; in Panama in 1906, Samuel T. Darling was publishing accounts of a new and unknown disease — histoplasmosis. W. T. Council- man was Dr. Welch ' s first assistant at the Hopkins and was later to be Professor of Pathology at Harvard Medical School. ONE HUNDRED YEARS In 1907, the University marked the centen- nial anniversary of its founding. A four day celebration was honored by the pres- ence of distinguished medical men from all parts of the country and the principal ad- dress recounted the progress of the school thru the century, during which it had pro- duced 6,000 physicians. With this backward glance, the university then moved on to another period of change. In 1912 Dr. Arthur M. Shipley was named Professor of Surgery and was to hold this post for 34 years. In 1913 Dr. Gordon Wil- son became head of the Chair of Medicine and attained national prominence in the field of diseases of the chest. It was in 1913 also, that the University School of Medicine was consolidated with the Baltimore Medical College. In 1915 the University merged with the College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons. The latter had been founded in 1872 and had, in its turn, ab- sorbed the Washington University of Medi- cine in 1877. Washington had been the first rival of the University of Maryland in Bal- timore, having been created in 1827 by a University graduate during the regents- trustees battle. The faculty of the Baltimore Medical College and that of the College of Physi- Anatomy Laboratory 20

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Gordon Wilson, m.d. Arthur M. Shipley, M.D. cians and Surgeons joined with the Univer- sity facuhy and in 1916 Dr. J. M. H. Row- land of the B. M. C. was named Dean of the School of Medicine and Professor of Obstetrics. When a declaration of war announced America ' s entry into the First World War, the faculty of the medical school and hos- pital flocked to the colors. The 42nd Gen- eral Hospital, commanded by Col. A. C. Harrison, was formed with a nucleus of University-trained physicians. In Spring of 1918, the 42nd departed for France, there to set up a complete base hospital for the A. E. F. In France, they remained until long after the Armistice, returning home in the Spring of 1919. The war created changes on the medical school scene. Women were admitted to the school for the first time in 1918 and uni- forms dotted the campus as students joined the Army Reserve. Absence of the younger faculty members, especially in the hospital, created problems. Several older men were called out of retirement to aid in teaching the undiminished flow of students. But the war ended before an acute short- age made itself painfully felt and the de- mobilized veterans returned to the school with new ideas. The construction of a mod- ern well-equipped hospital was one such idea. Meanwhile, changes in the structure of the University were taking place. Though nominally an integral part of the Univer- sity, the School of Medicine enjoyed a high degree of autonomy, almost in fact, com- plete independence. Budgets were separate and state financial support for the medical school and hospital was a token. Now per- manent and close union was in the making. The Maryland Agricultural College had been chartered in 1856 and had struggled fitfully thru the 19th century. Becoming 22