University of Idaho School of Forestry - Forester Yearbook (Moscow, ID)

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THE IDAHO FORESTER 51 Extension Forestry in Idaho fContinued from page 215 Signs have been erected to attract the atten- tion of the farm traffic to the projects. No quick returns were expected from these plots, but the beneficial results of these managed projects should be evident within a decade, and it is hoped that they will serve as an ob- ject lesson to farm Woodland owners in the respective communities. When suitable co- operators can be located, more of this work will be done. OTHER PROJECTS There has been a slight interest shown, among farmers of Idaho, for the preservative treatment to prolong the life of fence posts. This is not only true of Idaho farmers, but is true in many other states. The cost of coal tar creosoted posts is the least expensive in the long run, but the initial expense is much greater. As long as the farmer can procure posts from thinnings on the National Forests, we cannot expect him to consider creosoting his posts. FOUR-H CLUBS One cannot teach old dogs new tricks, but through the 4-H Club projects we expect to keep our young people interested in the value of forested areas to our state. Four-H forestry clubs have been increasing in enrollment quite steadily, and this phase of the extension proj- ect calls for subject matter for the four years' training. Outlines have been prepared on tree appreciation, tree planting, woodlot im- provement and tree nursery practice. To ad- vance in extension work, much publicity ma- terial is necessaryg through repetition the idea is finally put across. Approval has been given to issue an extension circular on farm forestry for Idaho farmers, and publication will prob- ably occur this year. Forest Service officers have been very willing to co-operate with this department in both county agent and non- county agent counties. Paul Bunyon's Big Top CContinued from page 245 On the second day of the cutting Paul was stepping on 'em trying to get the big canvas set up over the next quarter section when Joe Mufraw, the millboss, came tearing through the drifts leaving a trail of windfalls in his path. Usually excitable, he was now wildly danc- ing around and waving his arms. By Gar, Paul, you cut dead timbair, eh? Why for she's not green? Sucre tete dc coclionf Dese plank -she's come out dry! As Joe explained, hell was popping in the millg the odor of dry scorched wood was in the air, dry slivers were flying in all directions from the head sawsg the bands were running hot and the men could barely keep the boards cleared ahead of the machines as the stock moved out over the green chains-dry as camp hardtack. The steam had dried the trees on the stumps and Joe Mufraw was cutting dry logs! Paul strode over to the mill to see for him- self. He was so tickled to find this true that he slapped Joe on the back with gusto and dis- located his collar bone. Chuckling over his latest invention, he brought over an armful of dry planks for Sourdough Sam to use as kindling Wood in the cook shanty. Paul used the big tent to finish the winter's cut and when warm Weather returned he set it up over his drying yard near the mill. Thus he Was able to season his lumber both summer and winter, and to this day lumbermen have used Paul's idea in kiln drying their product. Associated Foresters fContinued from page 275 banquet are announced elsewhere in The IDAHO FORESTER. Officers for the year are: President, Law- rence Newcombg Vice President, John Cookg Secretary-Treasurer, Charles Wellnerg and Ranger, John Parker. FORESTERS' BALL PROVES UNIQUE AUBR1-:Y ARTHURS, '34 THE annual foresters' ball, one of the out- standing all-college dances of the year, was held November 19 in the Women's Gym- nasium. As has become the custom for this affair, the dance hall was so decorated as to impress one as dancing under a closed forest canopy. Cider was served during the evening at a log cabin which was built among the trees in one corner of the hall. A very realis- tic representation of a forest fire, secured through playing colored lights on an enlarged glass painting, added to the decorations. Paul Bunyan's widely known blue ox, Babe, featured in announcing the various dance numbers. Babe, carrying a placard announcing the dance, was made to cross one end of the floor at scheduled intervals. With another year's training it is hoped the ox will broadcast the information direct. The custo- mary large crowd was present at the dance.

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50 are rubbed or torn from one another. The masonite process depends upon the explosive force of steam to separate the fibers. Chips are placed in a chamber and steam under high pressure is introduced. This is suddenly re- leased and the internal pressure in the chips causes them to explode producing masses of fiber bundles and individual fibers. The pro- duction of boards by these mechanical proc- esses require the strictest technical control and also much research in the chemistry of lignin and fibers. Many fiber boards are made from wood by chemical digestion or by a combined chemical pulping and mechanical shedding process. The same principle of pulping applies here as in the production of paper pulp. However, the processes used are usually milder and only a portion of the lignin or cementing material is removed from the wood, allowing the fibers to be readily separated by m.ild mechanical action. Intensive research is being carried out on fiber board manufacture. This research covers not only production of the pulp and methods of control during manufacture, but also the water, fire, decay and termite proofing of the boards. The most spectacular of the modern chemi- cal forest industries has been the development of rayon and related products. This industry did not, however, develop overnight but had its beginning in the fundamental cellulose re- search of the nineteenth century. Chardonnet's investigations dating from. 1878 laid the foun- dations for the Chardonnet process which be- gan commercial production in 1900. The pro- duction of rayon by the viscose process began at about the same time as a result of the chemical discoveries of Cross and Bevan, two English chemists. At present 85 per cent of the world's rayon is made by the viscose proc- ess. Purified wood pulp is the principal raw material used. Both the wood pulp which is used to make rayon and the final product are cellulose. They are chemically the same. By chemical means the wood cellulose is modified and brought into a thick viscous solution. This solution is then forced through miniature round openings into an acid bath which trans- forms the fine stream of modified cellulose in solution to a continuous solid cellulose fiber. CELLOPHANE FROM CELLULOSE Rayon is not the only product of the viscose process. If the viscose solution is forced through a slit instead of through fine holes, a thin transparent sheet is obtained, known as cellophane. By mechanical variations other products such as sausage casings, braid, rib- bon, artificial straw and horsehair may be produced. Fruit is sometimes given a pro- tective cellulose coat by a dipping process. The Chardonnet and the acetate processes for rayon both use cotton cellulose for their raw material. From cotton cellulose are also THE IDAHO FORESTER manufactured smokeless powders, various lacquers, plastics, films, toys, safety glass, and a variety of other products. During the war wood cellulose was used for smokeless pow- ders. These proved effective even after 10 years' storage, and there is no reason why the use of Wood cellulose cannot be continued. Research on the refining of pulp to obtain uni- form quality and to control viscosity may en- able the use of wood cellulose in the lacquer and plastic industries. Braconnot in 1819 converted wood cellulose into a simple sugar which was not only edible but fermentable to alcohol as Well. The com- mercial production of sugar and alcohol from wood has received much attention since Bra- connot's time, and partial success has been obtained. In Germany hydrolyzed wood is used as a stock food. Four commercial plants for the production of alcohol formerly operated in this country. Continued research on im- proved production and the increased use of alcohol may put the process on an economical basis not only for the production of alcohol but for a variety of sugars which may be of industrial value. Many other chemical products from Wood may be mentioned. The utilization of wood waste for gas generators offers many interest- ing industrial possibilities. Various wood eX- tractives are used as raw material for tannin, dyes and medicinals. The western larch of the Inland Empire contains a potential raw ma- terial in the form of galactan. Patents have been taken out on the preparation of mucic and oxalic acids from larch galactan. These acids have Wide industrial application. From this brief discussion it is seen that Wood is a chemical raw material and that the chemical utilization of wood is an important part of forest utilization. It is obvious that for the improvement of these chemical prod- ucts from wood and for the extended use- fulness of our forests through the develop- ment of other valuable articles, chemical re- search is an important part of any forest utilization program. Because our knowledge of the chemistry of Wood is still so imperfect there is justification for optimism with regard to future developments in the chemical utiliza- tion of wood. PIGGLY WIGGLY The fire fighting crew just off a 20-hour shift was taken to a restaurant to eat. The Waitress inquired of the first one who hap- pened to be as big and tough as they make them, What will you have, sir? Beef And how do you Want it? Impatiently he replied, Just drive in a steer and I'll bite off what I Want.

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52 An Address to The Associated Foresters fContinued from page 455 increasingly harder to do this every year and the low grades the first year are not unlike the old ball and chain-pretty hard to drag along and after the second year may be even impossible to unshackle. It pays to get a good start, men. It makes the sledding in the following years much easier. If you get this idea of Working on scholarly attainments early in the game, the professional activities, con- tacts, and interests that go to make up what is recognized as the attributes of a real for- ester, will later take care of themselves. Xi Sigma Pi would like to recognize each one of you, but the attainment of the goal is up to you. Do not hesitate to go to any of the mem- bers and especially the instructors to ask questions which may come up in your mind about what I have discussed tonight. We as a group want to be interested in each indi- vidual student and give him all help possible in his educational problems. In the shade of your mw mu1'iug pine trees Is healing and peace and rest, The long dim trails on the mountain side, Call meh of the East and West. THE IDAHO FORESTER Do You Remember? fContinued from page 363 WHEN Shorty Bennett dropped the stadia rod on Humpy Ellis's head? WHEN Prof. Watson herded a range man- agement class into a leading cafe in Lewis- ton where we ordered coffee only to augment the lunches we had with us and which were consumed therein? WHEN Bill Lansdon got his corduroys torn to shreds when returning from a field trip to Moscow Mountain? WHEN the mensuration class staged a mock funeral march through the streets of Mos- cow? WHEN Dr. Haasis got in Fred Newcomer's path during a contest at the barbecue in 1930? WHEN the boys accused Dean Miller of not practicing forestry and he said, Well, there are two kinds of bald heads. One kind is bald on the outside, the othertu and then he sat down? WHEN Spence Went fishing on the Clearwater River near Lewiston and claimed he caught an 8-pound salmon but was observ- ed by the lumbering class coming out of a Lewiston meat market? The I932 Junior Field Trip iContinued from page 311 MONDAY, MAY 30. Today may have been Memorial Day for some people, but just another work day for the juniors. Did some preliminary thinning work. In the afternoon we visited some es- tablished thinning plots and calculated the thinning to be done on our own thinning plots. TUESDAY, MAY 31. Went up Big Creek to where George Wood- 'em-up Yarneau showed us logging opera- tions. Superintendent E. C. Olson sure gave us some meals, five kinds of dessert included. Paul Larsson, after much persuasion Cby forcej was taken from the table. WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1. Worked on our thinning plots. Most people get pay for working, but we paid to work. THURSDAY, JUNE 2. It rained this morning so we got a half a day to catch up on reports. Benson and James spent the morning by putt-polishing. In the afternoon we put the finishing touches on the thinning plots and destructively criticized the plots of the others. FRIDAY, JUNE 3. Spent the morning cruising timber up Big Creek. Found out that we were not as good cruisers as we thought we were. About two p. rn. we started for Moscow. At Spokane the party divided and so-longs and farewells were given. Cook, Brown, Opie and Sowder nursed the temperamental truck back to Mos- cow. By nursing is meant that part of the distance covered was by the main strength of pushing. Thus endeth the junior field trip of 1932. ?mr1,1Illllmllnn-iiH-Hu1..u1lU.1ll,,1.n.1 1 ... .-lmllw INSURANCE SAVINGS . A. R. MATTHEWS Moscow, Idaho inn-nn1nn-nn-nu-nn1nn-nu-nn-rm-nn-un-nu-nn-nu-unc In writing advertisers, please mention The Idaho Forester