University of Chicago - Cap and Gown Yearbook (Chicago, IL)

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O Wartime Reserve of- ficers training corps. fields of education were opened up, and new schools esv tablished. It was necessary d u t i n g these years of the Universityis youth to obtain prominent educators who had already established themselves in their own fields. Salaries to attract such men w e r e necessarily high. but the per' sonal frame that these men achieved was naturally transt ferred to the grow ing University. In 1913, Dr. Milliken received the Cemstock Prize for his research on electricity, magnetism, and radiant energy. In 1920 Dr. Michelson was elected to the French Royal Academy of Sciencest President Judson himself brought fame to the University when, in 1910, he received the decoration of thcer of the Legion of Honor. Under Judson a system of retiring allowances to professors, and allowances to their widows, was established. This system has been so improved that now it is one of the most competent in the United States. New methods of instruction and admission were also introduced. In 1911, high school students aspiring to attend the University of Chicago were required to be in the upper section of their high school class; in 1920, the grade required for entrance was set at a minimum of two-thirds of the passing grade of the school from which the student had graduated, plus thirty'three and a third per cent. Those deemed capable, but who were prevented from making such grades by being forced to earn their way through school, were admitted on the basis of phsychological aptitude tests. From the students; view point there were also financial changes in 1916. The tuition was raised from $40 to $50 a quarter. After the Armistice, Le Verne Noyes gave $2,500,000 in Chicago real estate, the income from which was to provide scholar! ships for the veterans of the World War, and their descendants. o Threaquarters ciub hazing - publicly administered. In the Senior college the privilege of electing courses was granted; the faculty extolled. this method as conducive to making the students program coherent and progressixre. Early in the 192015. radio offered new possibilities for a. medium of instruction. University interest became so great that the Daily Maroon started a hradl'o news section ! In 1922 Professor Moulton began the broad! casting over WMAQ, with his astronomy lecture entitled The Everlasting Sky? 1926 witnessed the hrst broad! casting of claSSi-oom lectures. Later, with the inceptioin of the New Plan and its attendant survey lectures, greater possibilities were to become apparent; until, in 19333314, the complete series of Humanities Survey lectures was broadcast. At that particular comprehensive, notes 'and syllabi Were brought to the examinationT'room; the exam- ing board considered the ability to select and synthesize far more important than the mere knowledge of facts. Harry Pratt Judson cdntinued in ofhce three ye'ars'past the retiring age of '70, resigning in 1923. His admin? istration was characterized by a. slow, steady upward trend, rather than by striking innovations. Harper and. Judson had guided the University safely through its dangerous infancy; the character and individuality of its adolescence remained to be developed by its presi' dents of the future. ' 93ft anh Aniuitg The administration of 'Ernest DeWitt Burton had the effect of a stimulus on the steadily but slowly beating heart of the University.-'New ideas in education, a boom in campus activities, a new building era-all gave life and impetus to the temporarily dormant institution, and' brilliantly added to the already colorful history of our University. - ' - In 1923, Dr. Burton, an intimate friend and associate of former Presidents Harper and Judson, Was unanimously elected President of the University of Chicago. President Burton immediately took steps to expand and improve the. departments of the University. He saw that the original personnel was growing old. How to replace these with equally capable men was a problem of no little importance, and one which had never before confronted the young University. He reeagnized that high salaries were needed to attract and hold capable men, but additional funds were not available. Finally the decision was made to Nin cteen

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decade of the twentieth century. Over a period of years. the fraternities show a decided variability in this respect The 1937 survey rates the Betas ftrst, but in 1911, Beta was next to the bottom of the list. . Blackfriars continued to be Ia strong activity. The preverbial pot boiled when the organization tried to put the excellent 1908 show, 11The Sign of the Double Eagle, on the road ta 1a the Princeton Triangle ClubL but the attempt hzzled, and died. In 1920 the hrst modern Black- friars show e Barbara Behave - was presented. University publications were gradually expanding; in magazines there was a genuine Renaissance. In 1917 the University of Chicago Literary Monthly was replaced by the Chicagoan, a magazine that was designed to meet popular taste. An entirely new type of magazine, the Phoenix? was created to cover both college humor and literary efforts. The Chanticleer? a news weekly digest of social and political problems, sprang briefly into promi' nenee, but was suspended in 1922. The 'Daily Maroon staff published a monthly magazine, the ?Circle, for the hrst time in 1922. The Daily Maroon of this. era was reputed to be the best college dailyr in the country. Religieus activity during President Judson15 adminiSI tration was at a peak; until as late as 1919, Chapel at- tendance was compulsory once a week, with penalties for nonlattendance. The class of 117 included a 110040- Church Sunday in its Spring Quarter program. Dis- cussion of morals and health was widespread. and in 191613 long series of anti-Cigarette lectures was'given. The student was impressed with a sense of personal supervision; many of the then current regulations are today distinctly reminiscent of grammar schooi. In 1912 a hrevdrill was held for students having classes in Cobb Hall; the 10:15'10:45 recess, which had been eliminated in the fall of 1912, was reinstated during the Winter Quarter, because of an overwhelming number of conr plaints. ' With the advent of the World War, the students were feverishly active in the fight to save democracy. Campus activities slowed down practically to a etandestilf; in 1918, there was no Blackfriar show; the Cap and Gown was halved, in both size and price. Enrollment of men was cut Eighteen 0 Early scene in the Daily Ma- roon oHicereEm-e editorial acidity. - by eighteen percent, and that of women by three percent. German classes droppeti to fifty percent of their former size. . The professors began to take an academic approach to the study of war. A series of papers explaining the ceuses for the United States' en! trance into the World War was pubiished by the Um versity Press to strengthen the spirit of patriotism. In 1918 war courses were ofr fered in the regular eurrieue lum. The largest single underr taking of the University in connection with the war was drilling. In the spring of 1917, 800 were enrolled in the R..O.T.C.; members of the faculty, and even President Judson, drilled right with the students. In june of that year, Marshal Foch visited the University, and inspected the unit. In actual service, nearly one hundred University of Chicago men lost their lives. Relief work occupied a. prominent place in the Uni- versitfs war activities. The ambulance service sent an ambulance and a complete staif across in 1917. The next year most fraternities rented their houses to the govern, ment. Most of the vacant land along the Midway was offered by the trustees for war gardens. Particularly active was the Womarfs War Aid Society; members tilled gardens, conducted economy classes. and engaged in Red Cross work. Some of the socks diligently knitted by University women, the doughboys declared, htweuld fit no human foot!11 High Salaries Bring High Honors Former President Harpefs educational policies were continued to the very end of judsonTS administration. New I Cap and Gown propaganda on a large scale.

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appoint at more modest salaries, young men who showed these were to work under. . promise in original 1esearch; the influence of the cider, experienced faculty, and, upon later necessity, to replace them. Dr. Burton next turned his attention to the students and created new advantages for the undergraduate. A Dean of the Colleges was appointed, and mote assistant cleans1 to aid and advise the' students in their choice or- pursuit of studies. This added supervision resulted in fewer failures and raised the general standard of gonduct and scholarship. Credit for uextra work was still re! ceived in the CoIIeges. Scholastic requirements for eligi' bility were made thesame for class officers as for 31th letes. It was during this administration that Dr. Michelson of the department of physics received the Nobel prize. In those happy days, the tuition ranged from sixty to sew enty'hve dollars in the College of Liberal Arts, eighty dollars in .the Medical School, and eighty'fwe in the School of Business. - In the early 20's, the old Dramatic Club was divided into two organizations, the ihGargoyles and the iiTower Players. The latter was of a iiworkshopii type, and con! sisted entirely of men; its founder was Will Geer, later of Broadway fame. With the inevitable realization of the 01d proverb, United we stand; divided we fall,n the two groups fused in 1924 into the Dramatic Association. This fusion naturally resulted in better support and manage' ment; student interest was aroused, and the plays were characterized by a. smoothness of detail and hnish of performance. By October, 1924, the Dramatic Association had its own quarters in the Tower Room adjoining the Reynolds Theatre stage. Frank Hurburt OiHara, the new director of dramatics, was also in charge of all student activities, but soon he was to be able to devote his entire time, talent. and energy to the student dramaties. 9 The former Prince of Wales visits the Campus with a smile. beauty. Abqut this time, University women wanted a dramatic group of their own and secured 125 signatures to a 'petition for av separate organization. As a direct result, Mirror was formed in 1925. Its ideal: to reflect the college girl as she isewith music, dance, satire, and a bit of i1 Suitably enough, the hrst revue was titled Where Are We Going:2n but the merit of that hrst show left no room for query; Mirror was to be an integral part of student activities. Since 1920, Blackfriars produc- tions have become more la'vish in their presentation; a show may be weak in talent but make a hit by extravagant scenes and costuming. Already an established tradition, Blackfriars flourished in the Burton reign. Legends of So Long, Susan U920 and iiPlastered in Paris 09270 still ring on the campus. Up to 1929, the Board of Super! iors was elected by members of the order in an Open election, and a ward committeeman would have been completely outclassed in the politics which resulted A change was made in the constitution so that the outgoing Board of Superiors were to appoint their successors. Recent furor indicates that politics still reigns supreme. During the presidency of Burton and successor Max Mason, the crash of '29 seemed a remote possibility and so the Universitfs social set went blithely on its way. Until 1929, there was a steady upward trend in the growth of fraternities. Traditionally, fraternities have stood for the histatus quo. Most of them were founded in small colleges, imbued with a Joe College spirit of ritual, secret grip, and hazing. They were Iargely antie intellectual and did not keep pace with the growth in intellectual life of the colleges. The old rushing policy was to keep the newiyvarrived freshman from seeing the larger houses; he was, at the latest, pledged the third day after contact. In one instance, a freshman desired by two different houses was spirited off the train by representa' tives of one house at 59th street, while representatives