University of Arkansas Fayetteville - Razorback Yearbook (Fayetteville, AR)

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ARKANSAS ' HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT A Chronological Survey of Arkansas—Its Origin, Progression, and Present Status The past is past, and in the vaults of time A day, a year, an hundred years are one. The dead leaf mutters of a dying year But in the East blazes a new born sun. Thus Charles T. Davis closed his Centennial poem in commemoration of the one hundredth birthday of the Arkansas Gazette. Perhaps he felt that the huge tomes of history, the early lore, the dearth of memoirs, were overwhelming. Perhaps he looked to the future, to an Arkansas vastly superior to any age of the past. Ar¬ kansas should look forward. But now is the time to look backward, to review the highlights of a glorious past, to stand on the thresh¬ old of the State ' s second century and be like Janus, glance in retrospection at history, gaze with expect¬ ancy at futurity. From the time of DeSoto ' s journeys over Wonder State soil to Arkansas ' beginning as a Territory, she has contributed to society. From Territory to State¬ hood she has contributed. From 1836 to 1936 she has contributed. Arkansas will continue to contribute. Hon. H. M. Jacoway once cited Arkansas accom¬ plishments to Congress on the occasion of the State ' s eighty-sixth birthday. His statements still apply. ARKANSAS ACCOMPLISHES Arkansas won more medals at the Panama-Pacific Exposition in horticulture and agriculture than any other State. Farmers in the rice belt of Arkansas paid more in¬ come tax than any farmers of any similar area in the United States. Arkansas has more automobiles on its farms than any New England state. Waterworks systems all over the United States se¬ cure their alum for water purification from Arkansas bauxite. The paper-making industry and the manu¬ facturers of popular-priced baking powders are also dependent on Arkansas bauxite for their alum. cavations show that a sufficient amount of novaculite was removed at Magnet Cove to equip a nation with arrow heads, battle axes, and stone implements. Arkansas has pure glass sand in inexhaustible quan¬ tities. Slate suitable for composition roofing, in four colors—black, gray, green and red—is to be had in sufficient quantity to cover every building in the States of New York, Pennsylvania, and California, with the cities of Chicago, Detroit, Boston, Cleveland, Cin¬ cinnati, and St. Louis thrown in for good measure. Arkansas has marble—white, black, and gray—which will take as high polish as the famous Italian stone. College crews place hopes of victory on Arkansas manufactured oars. The round crate, used to ship bananas, originated in Arkansas and is made mostly from Arkansas veneer. Arkansas has two of the largest screen-door factor¬ ies in the United States. Arkansas ' seaport, Helena, is the head of naviga¬ tion for ocean-going vessels on the Mi ssissippi river. Over 65 per cent of Arkansas school graduates con¬ tinue their education at the University of Arkansas. LARGEST NUGGETS MINED The largest nugget of zinc ever taken out in one piece, weighing 70 tons, was quarried in Marion Coun¬ ty in 1893. A small chunk weighing 12,400 pounds was exhibited at the Chicago World ' s Fair, and after taking first premium for purity, was placed on exhibi¬ tion in the Field Museum at Chicago. The largest nugget of lead ever mined came from Marion County, and weighed 2,400 pounds. Inexhaustible is the supply of fuller ' s earth, a min¬ eral used to refine and bleach cottonseed oil and lard compounds. Albert Pike, America ' s most illustrious Mason, reached the zenith of his career while a resident of Arkansas. ARKANSAS HAD POET LAUREATE Scientists assert that the largest prehistoric imple- tment factory was located in Hot Spring County. Ex¬ Poet laureate of Masonry, Fay Hempstead, is a na¬ tive Arkansan. The Masonic lodge has known but two

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In the foregoing section, devoted to the portrayal of the Centennial theme, we have tried to present to you in a pictorial fashion the seven periods of Arkansas history. On each page, representing a period in the history, there are introduced all events of importance occurring during that period. In the following section we have prepared a brief resume of the history of the state in the attempt to better familiarize the citizens with the significance of Arkansas ' century of existence as a state. For the preparation of the resume of the state history we are indeed indebted to Ellsworth Chunn, the Centennial Editor of the book, and for the illustrations of the section, to Louise McCulloch, the Staff Artist.

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THE HISTORY OF ARKANSAS HAS SEVEN PERIODS Each Period Denotes a Step Forward in Its Growth other poet laureates—Robert Burns and Robert Mor¬ ris. Arkansas turned back to the Government in 1918, 1,000,000 pounds of sugar, or one-fourth of the na¬ tional allotment, that the soldiers might have more sweets. This was more than any other nine States turned back in response to the call. Arkansas has had the world ' s largest sorghum fac¬ tory at Fort Smith. Enough manganese oxides are in the state to manu¬ facture half the dry paints used in the nation. Lithograph stone for printing purposes is contained in Newton and Searcy counties and is superior to any in the United States. Arkansas has more medicinal springs than any State. It has grown the largest apple ever raised. The fruit grew to be 29 ounces on the tree in Benton county. Arkansas supplies more watermelon seeds than any other State. The state has a peach orchard which produces one peach for every man, woman, and child in the United States. Mountains of the nation ' s only deposit of saponite, the natural cleanser, are found in Arkansas. Only two classes of people speak of Arkansas ex¬ cept with praise. The two classes are those who are densely ignorant—and those who are morbidly envious, according to Congressman Jacoway. FORBEARS BUILD STATE That this great state should be so eminent is due to its heritage. The noble pioneer spirit caused men to push over the lands within Arkansas bounds and to es¬ tablish towns and civilization in a wilderness of po¬ tentialities. A search for gold brought the first white men to what is now Arkansas. Hernando DeSoto, governor of Cuba and Florida, came to the continent in search of precious metal. He and a band of hardy followers gained the Mississippi river and crossed it at about Chickasaw Bluffs, near Memphis, in 1541. Their jour¬ ney over the state is indefinite, but they probably fol¬ lowed the well-made trails of Indians. Stricken with malaria and rheumatism, the Indians directed him to a lake of hot water with wonderful healing power. This must have been Hot Springs. Later DeSoto raised the Spanish flag near Helena and claimed all the territory Early Traders on One of Arkansas ' Numer¬ ous Streams