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Page 11 text:
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Montauk Point Lighthouse Pharos Loquitur “Far in the bosom of the deep, O’er these wild shelves my watch I keep A ruddy gem of changeful light, Bound on the dusky brow of Night The seaman bids my luster hail, And scornes to strike his timorous sail.’’ 7 Sir Walter Scott
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Page 12 text:
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THE PHAROS: Built during the reign of Ptolemy in 280 B.C., the Pharos is construed to be one of the world’s most magnificent structures. Declared one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Pharos was completely destroyed during the fourteenth century. Ever since man first ventured upon the high seas, the need for lighted beacons to guide water craft along the coast has been apparent. Although there is no mention of light beacons in the Periplus of Scylax, the Mediterranean Sailing Directions of the fourth century B.C., it is generally believed that there existed at the time numerous fires along the shores by which seafarers would guide their vessels. It was not until 280 B.C. that the first definite historical record of a lighthouse could be found. It was by strange coincidence that this earliest lighthouse was the most imposing lighthouse structure of all times— the Pharos. Completed under Ptolemy in 280 B.C., the Pharos was constructed in Alexandria, Egypt near the mouth of the Nile River. In height and fame it has never been surpassed by any other lighthouse. The Greek geographer Strabo stated in 24 B.C.: “Pharos is a small oblong island,” and on its east- ern extremity “is a rock washed by the sea on all sides, with a tower upon it of the same name as the island, admirably constructed of white marble, with several stories. Sostratus of Cindus, a friend of the kings, erected it for the safety of mariners, as the inscription imports. For, as the coast on each side is low and without harbors, with reefs and shallows, an elevated and conspicuous mark was required to enable navigators coming in from the open sea to direct their course exactly to the entrance of the harbor.” This “tower of great height, of wonderful construc- tion,” as described by Caesar, is known to have been MITYLENE LIGHT, Greece: Typical of the early light- houses in the Mediterranean Sea, this old line engraving by Jean Dambrnm depicts the importance of these “guiding lights” to early mariners. RAMSGATE LIGHTHOUSE: With the discovery of the new world, increased ocean commerce demanded more and better lights along the rocky coasts of England. Ramsgate is among the most noted of the early nineteenth century English lighthouses to meet this need. 8
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