US Marine Corps Base - Yearbook (Quantico, VA)

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merce conTinued To Tlourish. The subsequenT War oT l8l2, and The undeclared Naval War wiTh France, broughT addiTional acTiviTies and prosperiTy To QuanTico. BeTween The Tall oT SumTer and The surrender aT Ap- pomaTTox CourThouse, several minor naval engagemenTs were ToughT oTT The shore oT QuanTico, when enemy gun- boaTs clashed. On May 31, l86l, Commander Ward, in The USS Freeborn, aTTacked ConTederaTe works aT Aquia, which was The war's TirsT naval engagemenT on record. The ConTederaTes laTer erecTed deTenses aT QuanTico and aT MaThias PoinT. Land Torces, Too. Trampled The ground oT QuanTico ThroughouT The War BeTween The STaTes. ln The lean hard days ThaT Tollowed The collapse oT The ConTederacy, QuanTico grew langurous Through inacTiviTy. CompleTe devasTaTion ThreaTened The communiTy. BuT whaT was desTroyed by war was reborn oT sTriTe, Tor when The UniTed STaTes declared war againsT The CenTral Powers in April, l9I7, a rapid expansion of The Marine Corps was indicaTed, and QuanTico was selecTed as The base. On May I4, l9l7, one week aTTer The declaraTion oT war, a deTachmenT oT Marines Trom The Annapolis, Mary- land Barracks, commanded by Maior Chandler Campbell, arrived Tor garrison aT QuanTico. Hard on The heels oT This TirsT conTingenT, There arrived a lighT arTillery baT- Taliong a baTTalion oT The Tamed FiTTh Marines, under Maior Julius Turrill, was mobilized and laTer TransTerred To Philadelphia. The FiTTh's sisTer regimenT, The SixTh, also wenT inTo Training aT QuanTico. On OcTober 9, I9I7, The EighTh RegimenT was organ- ized under LieuTenanT Colonel George Reid. Germany was casTing coveTous eyes Toward The vasT oil resources in Mexico. To combaT TeuTonic inTluences The Eigh+h E251 Marines were senT hurriedly To GalvesTon, Texas, where They were held in readiness Tor insTanT acTion. The Nin+h Marines under command oT Colonel L. H. Moses, desTined Tor duTy aT GuanTanamo Bay, Cuba, was also organized in November. LaTer ThaT monTh Tour companies oT FirsT Marines arrived and were TransTormed inTo a heavy arTillery Torce. Training was inTense. WiTh The FiTTh and SixTh Ma- rines already in France, The Corps began Training re- placemenTs Tor baTTle casualTies. ln The meanTime a ballon company and aviaTion elemenTs came inTo being. The small arms ranges had been consTrucTed and Marine marksmen were learning To shooT wiTh an accuracy ThaT sTarTled The Germans aT Belleau Wood and aT Soissons. ConsTrucTion conTinued aT QuanTico. ConcreTe roads and sTreeTs replaced The muddy roads and duckboard walks. A gymnasium was builT. Housing accommodaTions Tor married oTTicers and non-coms were planned and begun. Meanwhile, negoTiaTions were underway Tor Tinal purchase oT The QuanTico siTe, and The deal was com- pleTed in December, I9I8. ThroughouT World War I, QuanTico Marines were Trained To replace The depleTed TighTing Torce in France. How well They were Trained is aTTesTed by The baTTle sTreamers, ciTaTions and decoraTions, and six individuals oT The Marine Brigade who were awarded The Congres- sional Medal oT Honor. This does noT include Those awarded To Navy personnel service wiTh The Marines. WiTh The end oT The war, vicTorious Marines oT The Brigade reTurned To QuanTico. DuraTion oT war enlisT- menTs were demobilized, and The garrison soon housed a complemenT barely big enough To keep iT in repair. The scyThe oT Federal economy ThreaTened The Corps iTselT, Tor There was Talk in WashingTon oT disbanding The Marines. The Service was conTinued however, Through The eTTorTs oT Maior General CommandanT John A. Leieune, and oTher ranking oTTicers. In I927 PresidenT Coolidge approved The consTrucTion oT modern barracks, buT nearly Two years elapsed beTore The work began. There was so much To be done! The remaining duckboards gave way To paved sidewalks. Roads were TransTormed To highways. The ancienT war- Time shacks were replaced by modern barracks. Thus iT was ThaT QuanTico, born oT war, almosT killed by peace, grew inTo one oT The TinesT miliTary esTablishmenTs in The UniTed STaTes.

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I. Navy Cuflasses. 2. Guns and shells of World War l. 3. Old guns. 4. Old guns of all wars. 5. Muskels and rifles of U. S. M. C. lEarlies+, I85I.l 6. Uniforms. Perlocl l8lO. 7. Museum Case. Qbuantirn, Ha