Temple University School of Medicine - Skull Yearbook (Philadelphia, PA)

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DR. CHAMBERLAIN

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PHILADELPHIA GENERAL HOSPITAL GREATHEART MATERNITY HOSPITAL EAGLEVILLE SANITORIUM JEWISH HOSPITAL EPISCOPAL HOSPITAL

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willing to invest the time in learning. Me had founded the Samaritan Hospital on the principle that healing should be made available to all men, regardless of their financial status. Dr. Con well lies buried on the campus of the University that he founded. In keeping with the spirit of cooperation existing between the medical institutions of Philadelphia, The Jewish Hospital opened its doors to the medical students of Temple University in 1928. Today, the staff of this hospital, now known as the Albert Einstein Medical Center, receive appointments to the faculty of Temple University School of Medicine as further evidence of the teaching relationship that has been formed between these institutions. In 1929, Dr. William N. Parkinson, a Temple Medical Alumnus, class of 1911, assumed the position of Medical Director of the Samaritan Hospital and Dean of the Medical School. During his tenure, the concept of the Temple University Medical Center came into being. Just before he assumed these posts, the Medical School had been advanced to an “A” rating. Dr. Parkinson determined to insure continued excellence; he was able to persuade many nationally and internationally known physicians to join the faculty. In 1930, the name of the hospital was changed to Temple University Hospital to indicate the close relationship that had been established between the University and the Hospital. Thai same year, the Hospital opened the world famous Chevalier Jackson Clinic for treatment of diseases of the air and food passages. The 1930’s saw the country plunged into its most severe financial depression in history. Businesses closed, millions of people were thrown out of work and an atmosphere of gloom pervaded the nation. The Hospital, like most other institutions, was hard hit as wages plummeted; the working force was cut hack and austerity measures were necessitated. Midway during the thirties, however, a pre—paid insurance plan, now known as Blue Cross, was inaugurated. Payments from this program helped hospitals across the country to keep financially solvent and proved to be a major factor in keeping institutions such as Temple University Hospital from closing their doors. Despite the shortages in materials and money, progress in the medical field continued. Several important medical firsts were enacted by physicians at Temple: the first successful pneumonectomy (removal of a lung) performed in Philadelphia was done by Dr. W. Emory Bumett in 1938; Drs. O. Spurgeon English and Edward Weiss developed the first clinic for psychomatic medicine in 1939; and in 1940, Dr. Gerald H.J. Pearson founded a pioneer child psychiatry clinic. Dr. John A. Kolmer, in medicine. Dr. W. Edward Chamberlain, in radiology, and Dr. John Royal Moore, in orthopedies, achieved wide acclaim for original work in their respective-fields. Even as the country was beginning to recover from the Great Depression, war broke out in Europe and soon engulfed the entire world. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7. 1941. had plunged the United States into the conflict, and Temple University Hospital entered another period of difficult times. Many members of the staff enlisted or were drafted into the armed forces; the Hospital was forced into an emergency situation with an extreme shortage of qualified personnel. The Medical School initiated a student R.O.T.C. program and the Hospital accelerated its period of internship so that more doctors would be available. By the end of the first year of the war, 633 Temple medical and dental students were in the uniform of the U.S. Army and Navy. The end of World War II heralded the beginning of a period of great expansion and development in American medicine. The Hill—Burton Hospital Construction Act, passed hv Congress in 1945, provided funds to assist communities in the construction of hospitals and health centers. By 1946, the emphasis on physical science had given way to an increased interest in the biomedical sciences. Research, technicians, arid building to house research workers were supported in depth by many organizations, notably the National Institutes of Health. The educational and economic levels of Americans had begun to rise and those who had served in the armed forces had become accustomed to the medical and dental care they and their families had been receiving under the auspices of the government. Thus, the public demand for increased health care became pressing. Hospitals all over the country strove to meet these demands, and Temple University Hospital, ever concerned with the needs of its community, responded to the challenge. The post war “baby boom was one of the problems to be met. In 1947. St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children became the Department of Pediatrics of Temple University Hospital. Dr. Waldo E. Nelson was appointed Medical Director. Under his direction the hospital grew from a small neighborhood hospital into a complete child care institute. •Also in that year, the Samuel S. Eels Research Institute became affiliated with Temple University Hospital, providing sorely needed facilities and opportunities for various forms of research. In 1948, Dr. Theodore L. Chase established the Agnes Barr Chase Cancer Research Foundation in memory of his wife, a Temple Medical Alumna of 1909. With a new decade came a growth of social awareness in medicine. In the 1950’s attention began to be directed at the patient as a whole individual — at his over-all well being as well as his immediate physical needs.