Temple University School of Medicine - Skull Yearbook (Philadelphia, PA)

Text from Pages 1 - 330 of the 1938 volume:

SKULL 1 9 3 � An Introduction rr E HAVE HAD BUT ONE PURPOSE IN COMPILING THIS ISSUE OF THE SKULL — THAT OF ASSEMBLING A RECORD OF THE PLACE AND THE PEOPLE WHICH WILL BEST SERVE TO RECALL OLD FACES, OLD FRIENDS AND OUR COMMON EXPERIENCES. • TO THIS ENI) WE HAVE DISPENSED WITH THE USUAL EULOGIES AND PROGNOSTICATIONS RELATIVE TO OUR CLASSMATES; WE HAVE TRIED TO MAKE A BOOK LESS FORMAL, BELIEVING THAT PLEASANT MEMORIES HAVE NOTHING TO DO WITH FORMALITY; WE HAVE USED PICTURES LIBERALLY, BELIEVING THEY ARE THE BEST MEDIUM FOR RECALLING THE PAST. • WE SINCERELY HOPE THAT THE RESULT HAS BEEN A PLEASANT, INFORMAL. VIVID, FACTUAL AND PICTORIAL RECORD WHICH WILL BEST RECALL THE INCIDENTS, PLACES AND FACES YOU KNEW IN THE DAYS WHEN YOU HEARD “ABRAMSON, ADAIR, ADAMS, ALLEN” ARISING FROM THE PIT. FRANCIS J. DITCHEY Editor-in-Chief ALEX. J. STEIGMAN Business Manager The Skull 1938 Published by the Senior Class of the TEIRPLE UfllVERSITy SCHOOL of IIIEDICIIIE PHILADELPHIA • PEnnsyLVAfllA To William Clarence Pritchard. M.D. MAN WHO INSPIRED US TO OUR BEST EFFORTS, WHO MADE “THE DIFFICULT” SEEM EASY . . . ONE WHO COULD AFFORD TO BE FRIENDLY WITH EACH OF US, NEEDING NO CLOAK OF DETACHED DIGNITY TO HOLD OUR RESPECT . . . A GENTLEMAN ... A PERFECT TEACHER . . . WE DEDICATE THIS BOOK IN ADMIRATION AND IN GRATITUDE FOR ALL THAT HE HAS BEEN TO US . . . A TEACHER ... A FRIEND . . . AN INSPIRATION . . . AND AN EXAMPLE. Born in Wilmington, Del., Nov. 7, 1881 Attended the public schools of Wilmington Was graduated from Townsend High 1898 Taught in Wilmington public schools 1898-1902 15ntered Jefferson Medical School Sept. 190(5 Married Ada l Dresher, Smyrna, Del. 1907 Was graduated from Jefferson June 1910 Associate in Anatomy and Histology, Jefferson Medical School 1906-1910 Demonstrator in Anatomy and Histology, Jefferson—1910-1917 Associate Professor in Anatomy and Histology, Jefferson—1917-1929 Professor of Embryology and Histology, Temple Medical School 1929— NTEXTS BOOK I The Place and the People Familiar faces . . . Familiar scenes BOOK II Graduates of Thirty-eight Those who have “crossed the line” BOOK III The Men Who Are to Follow Our confreres of the future BOOK IV Caps and Capes Our nurses—their friends and associates BOOK V Group Work and Group Play The Societies and Fraternities BOOK VI.........................Wise Words Words “penned” by men who know BOOK VII Informal Informalities Humor, be it as it will BOOK VIII Ads Our friends—without whose aid these words would never have been written r h e Doctor STANDING between “vapours” and viruses, “humours” and hormones. Speaking of toxins and allergy glibly today, and tomorrow perhaps, consigning them to the limbo of phlogiston and spontaneous generation. Forced to deal so often in probabilities and able to deal so seldom in certainties. Working under both a blessing and a curse—knowing that many will survive their illnesses despite his aid and that many are in real need of his meager learning. Wondering whether or not his judgment was in any measure responsible for his patient’s survival, and knowing that some of his failures could have been victories, if only .... Cursing in the city clinics because few of his patients can afford the help of laboratory tests and the boon of things like radium, radiology, costly extracts and sera . . . ; cursing in the small towns because these modern weapons so seldom exist there. Working his head off. doing his job as he sees it; thinking of it, while the arguments of those with the larger view” buzz “round his ear like horseflies round a plowhorse,” too busy plowing to consider the general problem. Practicing minor eharlatanerics because his patients expect them, using this means in his effort to control the weak, yet trying to control himself from major eharlatanerics. Dealing daily with the depths of human misery and having to kill most of his emotional reactions to it lest they destroy him; and yet forced to keep one emotion apart—pity—lest its loss destroy him more ignominiouslv. Standing a trifle confused, a bit mixed in motives, always a little uncertain, but still standing with Hunter, Pasteur. Semmelweiss and Koch on the side of men . . . against Death! . . . Scenes and faces, courses and places which were closely associated with our student days. May a glance recall to memory those varied hours relative to our progress, and may you find recollection as you like it. Booh One THE PLACE AND THE PEOPLE 4 0 THE SKULL DR. FRANK HAMMOND, M.D.. F.A.C.S. Professor of Gynecology Temple’s Honorary Dean . . . the man who “made the way . . . whose efforts continued for seventeen years so that Temple would be accepted as a Class A School of Medicine . . . who made today’s reality from it couldn’t he done. The story of Temple Med. is the story of struggle and Frank Hammond led the way . . . In his presence one has the feeling of touching greatness; it is this that he has given Temple. Sixteen F SCHOOL O M E D I C 1 N E THE SKULL DR. WILLIAM N. PARKINSON, M.D., F.A.C.S. Professor of Clinical Surgery Temple’s Dean ... a mail who never tires . . . who has carried Temple to its present heights . . . whose every effort is to advance the standards of the education of the student and to give to the world progressive, capable and efficient finished physicians. The status of the Temple of Today casts a foreshadow on his Temple of Tomorrow. Seventeen temple university CENTER FORTY years ago Temple Medical School was unknown—twenty-five years ago it was ridiculed by the “aristocrats” of the profession, who scoffed at its humble beginnings. Today, without the background of tradition, without ancient heritage, Temple lias grown to a position where it commands respect in the field of medicine and surgery. No institution, no individual, can survive by resting upon “laurels” of past achievement—progression is a vital quality of success. Today the plans of the “Temple of Tomorrow” are being carefully undertaken and we are certain our school shall ever remain vividly alive and progression will be a part of each succeeding year. When Russell Conwell named his little College “Temple,” he never visioned a Temple of Healing”—this we have today, a Mecca to where physicians and their problems “heat a path,” and Emerson’s dictum is fulfilled. Eighteen Emeritus Professors James C. Attix, M.D. Emeritus Professor of Toxicology Wilmer Kruscn. M.D., F.A.C.S. Emeritus Professor of Gynecology H. Brooker Mills, M.D., F.A.C.P. Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics Arthur C. Morgan. M.D., F.A.C.P. Emeritus Professor of Clinical Medicine William Egbert Robertson, M.D., F.A.C.P. Emeritus Professor of Medicine Henry F. Slifer, M.D. Emeritus Professor of Physiology Samuel Wolfe, M.D. Emeritus Professor of Medicine ANATOMY John B. Iioxby, M.D., Professor of Anatomy, Histology, arid Embryology William C. Pritchard, M.D., Professor of Histology And Embryology John Franklin Hu1hm A.M., M.D., PhD., Associate Professor of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology David Soloway, A.B., M.D., Assistant Professor of Histology and. Embryology Moe B. Markus, D.D.S., Lecturer on the Anatomy of the Month and Jaxes Clinton S. Herrman, M.D., F.A.C.S., Demonstrator of Anatomy Joseph C. Donnelly, M.D., F.A.C.S., Demonstrator of Anatomy Frank Glauser, M.D., Assistant in Anatomy Isadora Katz, M.D., Assistant in Anatomy BRONCHOSCOPY AND ESOPHAGOSCOPY Chevalier Jackson Chevalier L. .Jackson Chevalier Jackson, M.D., Sc.D., L.L.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy Chevalier L. Jackson, A.B. M.D., M.Sc. (Med.), F.A.C.S., Professor of Clinical Bronchoscopy an I Eso p hag os co py Emily Y'anLoon, M.D., F.A.C.S., Associate Professor of 1 ranchoscopy and Esophagoscopy Nathan Martin Larin, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopy George McReynolds, M.D., Fellow in Bronchoscopy and Esophagoscopu Twenty SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE ANATOMY The first two years in med. school are synonymous with anatomy. Room 603 lectures, lantern slides and Emil with the specimens. Dissection and the informal table conversation with Roxbv. Pritchard and the rapid two-hand drawing with many lined crayons. Neuro-anatomy and Katz quizzing at least four lectures ahead of Roxbv . . . The temporal bone from Germany . . . Exams answered .short and ■'grades” you deserve. The hands of experience point out a way to youth—“Let me see. Oh yes, there it is in black and white.” “Show me Scarpa's fascia. Wlmt!! Get busy, Get busy.” Lower the head a little, hold it.” The crown prince” on the march through an un-surveyed realm. BRONCHOSCOPY Although we never were closer to the “throne” than seeing the “crown-prince,” we felt the presence of the “king” by indications mentioned in all our courses and results obtained. In the Senior year lectures on Saturday at one o’clock indications again, lantern slides, and a review of historical specimens. Twenty-one temple university THE SKULL CHEMISTRY and TOXICOLOGY Melvin A. Saylor, B.S., M.D., Professor of Physiological Chemistry Mona Adolf, M.D., Professor of Colloid Chemistry Earl A. Schrader, B.Sc., M.S., Ch.E., Ed.I)., Assistant Professor of I h ys iolog i CO I Che m is t ry Robert II. Hamilton, Jr., M.A., Pb.D., M.D., Assistant Professor of Physiological Chemistry DERMATOLOGY and SYPHILOLOGY Carroll S. Wright Jacques Guequierre Carroll S. Wright, B.S., M.D., Professor of Dermatology and Syphilology Jacques Guequierre, B.S., M.D. Assistant Professor of Dermatology and Syphilology Reuben Friedman, M.D., Associate in Dermatology and Syphilology Leon Hugh Warren, A.R., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Dermatology and Syphilology Kenneth M. Rcighter, B.S., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Dermatology and Syphilology Stanley Joseph Skromak, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Dermatology and Syphilology Txventy-txco SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E CHEMISTRY Our first and second year made interesting;. We give credit to a man who knew his subject so well that he “fed” it to us like a story. Chemical reactions portrayed with gesture and chalk. Lab. and unknowns.” Informal talks over results obtained and personal instruction as it was needed. Dr. Saylor grades a “lab book.” “There it is, a brick-red precipitate. Three thoughts: Patient—“I hope he doesn’t hurt me.' Student—“I hope I hit the vein.” Doctor—“I hope this drug works.” Warts versus cautery. DERMATOLOGY In the Junior year lectures in 603 . . . Scabies and Erythema, Lupus and Lues . . . treatment and closely graded exams. In the senior year Lues and clinic. “Sticking” glutei of experienced patients and feeling good when they said “Doctor, you didn’t hurt me.” N'eo. and tough” veins. Twenty-three TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL GYNECOLOGY Frank U. Hammond. M.D., Sc.I)., F.A.C.S., Professor of Gynecology Harry A. Duncan, A.B., M.D., Associate Professor of Gynecology Chas. Scott Miller. M.D., F.A.C.S., Lecturer on Gynecology 1 Iarold L. Bottom ley, M.D., Instructor in Gynecology Isadore Forman, M.D., Instructor in Gynecology Joseph H. Schoenfold. M.D., Instructor in Gynecology V. F. Osterhout, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Gynecology Saul I . Savltz, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Gynecology UROLOGY W. Hcrshcy Thomas Stanford W. Mulholland W. Hershey 'Thomas, A.H., M.D., F.A.C.S.. Professor of Urology Howard G. Fret .. A.B., M.D., Associate Professor of I' rology Lowrain E. McCrea, M.D., Associate in Urology Stanford W. Mulholland. M.D., M.S. (Urol.), Lecturer on Urology Harry Bernstein, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Urology Twenty-four S C H 0 0 Ii 0 F M E I) I C 1 N E GYNECOLOGY Dr. Hammond and Dr. Duncan with lectures on the divisions of the parts, malpositions and displacements. Carcinoma of the uterus and the first symptom isn't pain. Exams with careful spelling and direct answers . . . Senior year clinics with Drs. Savitz, Miller and Osterhout . . . Stirrups, palpation, silver nitrate, and theelin . . . Rx. No. 1. No. 2. No. .3. Consultation, palpation, consternation, verification. Case assignments, Stcigman gets the prize. Dictation and Conversation. “Wait until you're sixty, fella.” UROLOGY Senior year lectures on varied topics referable to the urinary system . . . treatment and diagnosis . . . Exposition with a light sarcastic touch . . . Clinics at P. G. II . . . informal talks dealing with methods in practice. Army technic and hospital diagnosis. Cystoscopy with Dr. McCrae, reviewing the subject with Dr. Mulholland and evaluating methods of therapy. Twenty-five temple university THE SKULL LARYNGOLOGY and RHINOLOGY Robert F. Ridpatb T. Carroll Davis Robert F. Ridpatb, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Laryngology end Rhinology T. Carroll Davis, P.D., M.D., F.A.C.S., Assistant Professor of Laryngology and Rhinology J. Westley Anders, M.D., Associate in Laryngology and Rhinology Charles H. Grimes, M.D., F.A.C.S., Associate in Laryngology and Rhinology Charles Q. DeLuca, M.D., Associate in Laryngology and Rhinology A. Neil Lemon, M.D., Associate in Laryngology and Rhinology Samuel S. Ringold, M.D., Demonstrator in Laryngology and Rhinology Kerman Snyder, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Laryngology and Rhinology Joseph F. Matonis, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Laryngology and Rhinology Morris S. Ettenger, B.A., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Laryngology and Rhinology Twenty-six SCHOOL 0 F MEDICI N E LARYNGOLOGY Dr. Ridpath and his debonair attitude . . . Sinusitis and pain from parietal crest to tarsal arch . . . Dr. Davis' sincere and earnest method of lecturing. Exams and “adenoid facies” . . . Senior year lectures in the hospital ampitheater, nasal neuroses . . . clinics with I)r. Davis and conferences in the treatment room . . . Using head mirrors for the first time and attempting to locate the various structures in the nasal cavity . . . Watching antrum punctures . . . Treatment for tonsil bleeding. Exams again . . . and Junior lecture notes proving useful. Dr. Anders drives home a point. Head Mirrors. “The nasal speculum is used thus.” “K“K ” “Next case, let's see where’s the nurse.” Twenty-seven temple U N I V E R S I T Y THE SKULL MEDICINE Charles L. Brown John A. Kolmer Charles Leonard Brown, B.S., M.D., F.A.C.P., Professor of 'Medicine and Head of the Department of Medicine TEMIM.F, UNIVERSITY STAFF Charles Leonard Brown. B.S., M.I)., F.A.C.P., Professor of Medicine John A. Kolmer, MS., M.D., Dr.P.IL, D.Se., LL.D., L.D.IL, F.A.C.P., Professor of Medicine Edward Weiss, M.I)., E.A.( .I . Professor of Clinical Medicine Allen G. Beekley, M.D.. F.A.C.P., Clinical Professor of Medicine Michael Wold. M.D., Associate professor of Medicine Joseph B. Wplffe, M.D., .Associate Professor of Medicine William A. Swalin, M.I)., Associate Professor of Medicine G. Morton 1 liman, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine John Lansbury, M.I)., .Associate Professor of .Medicine Hoy L. I.angdon, M.I)., Associate Professor of Medicine Thomas M. Durant, B.S., M.D.. Associate Professor of Medicine George E. Farrar, Jr., B.S., M.D., Assistant Professor of Medicine Daniel J. Donnelly, M.I)., Assistant Professor of Medicine Louis Cohen, M.I)., Assistant Professor of Medicine Henry C-. Groff, M.I)., Associate in Medicine Eilis B. Horowitz, M.D., Associate in Medicine Reuben Davis, M.I)., Associate in Medicine Louis Tuft, M.I)., Associate in Medicine Leroy J. Wenger, M.I)., Associate in Medicine Max B. Walkow, B.S., M.D., Instructor in Medicine Robert F. Sterner, B.S.. M.I)., Instructor in Medicine Savcre F. Madonna, M.D., Instructor in Medicine Ralph A. Klemm. M.I)., Instructor in Medicine Max Schumann, M.D., Instructor in Medicine Charles Francis Long, B. A., M.D., Instructor in Medicine Morris Klcinbart, M.I)., Instructor in Medicine George Isaac Blumstein, M.D., Instructor in Medicine J. Paul Austin, M.I)., Instructor in Medicine Louis Soloff, A.B., M.I).. Instructor in Medicine David Suiter, M.I)., Clinical .Assistant in Medicine Emanuel M. Weinberger, M.I)., Clinical .Assistant in Medicine Milford J. Huffnagle, A.B., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Medicine Victor Andre Digilio, B.S., M.D., Clinical ,Assistant in Medicine David Stcuart, M.I)., Clinical .Assistant in Medicine Frank M. Dyson, M.I)., ..Clinical Assistant in Medicine Joseph A. Pescatorre, M.D., Clinical .Assistant in Medicine Lawrence N. Ettelson. B.S., M.I)., Clblical Assistant in Medicine Leon S. Caplan, M.I)., Clinical Assistant in Medicine C. Charles Impcrialc, A.B., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Medicine Lester Morrison, M.I)., .. Clinical Assistant in Medicine Robert Cohen, M.I)., Clinical Assistant in Medicine Jerome Miller, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Medicine Isadore Ginsburg, A.B., M.D., Fellow in Medicine Stoughton R. Vogel, M.I)., Fellow in Medicine Twenty-eight 0 P S C H 0 0 L MEDICINE MEDICINE From the day of Dr. Kolmer’s “Know now! in the Freshman year to Dr. Doanc’s, “Post hoc, propter hoe in the final year, the medical student is fed “medicine and “digests it’’ with ease or difficulty. During the first two years Dr. Kolmer and Dr. Kay give to the student the fundamental principles of diagnosis and the association with the personalities of such clinicians results in the proper attitude being born in the young minds of future clinicians. The Junior year ushers in the study of General Medicine and its many specialties. Clinical teaching at Temple and Episcopal Hospitals broaden the scope of the lecture hours and result in giving to the student a comprehensive picture of disease. The Senior year is devoted principally to therapy. Bedside teaching is conducted at Temple, Episcopal, Philadelphia General and Jewish Hospitals where small groups of students under supervision of a physician-in-charge examine patients and suggest diagnosis and treatment. Medicine is the most important and most difficult study in medical school and includes all phases of medical education from anatomy to radiology— the scope of the subject is represented bv the courses given during the four years through school. The patient reads the story of a physician. The physician reads the story of a patient. Your name, please. Interest, apathy, perplexity, sympathy. ‘‘I hope I make it on the first ‘stick.’” Twenty-nine TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL NEUROLOGY and NEUROSURGERY Temple Fay, B.S., M.D., F.A.C.S., Professor and Head of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Sherman F. Gilpin, Jr., B.S., M.D., Clinical Professor of Neurology James J. Way good, Ph.B., M.D., Associate in Neurology Edward L. Clemens, A.B., M.I)., Associate in Neurology Paul Sloane, A.B., M.D., Lecturer on Neurology Alexander Silverstein, M.D., Lecturer on Neurology Jolm H. Taefl'ner, B.S., M.D., Associate in Neurosurgery J. Ray Van Meter, B.S., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Neurology George N. Raines, B.S., M.D., I.ieut. M.C., U.S.N., Clinical Assistant in Neurology Michael Scott. B.S., M.D., Fellow in Neurosurgery Gillis A. Esslingcr, B.S., M.I)., Fellow in Neurology Augustus McCravev, M.D., Fellow in Clinical Research OBSTETRICS Jesse O. Arnold, M.I)., F.A.C.S., Professor of Obstetrics Charles S. Barnes, A.B., M.D., Associate Professor of Obstetrics J. Marsh Alesbury, M.I)., Assistant Professor of Obstetrics Glendon F. Sheppard, M.D., Demonstrator in Obstetrics Bradford Green, B.S., M.I)., Demonstrator in Obstetrics C. Kenneth Miller, M.I)., Demonstrator in Obstetrics Philip Fiscella, M.I)., Instructor in Obstetrics Lewis Karl Ilohcrman, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Obstetrics Chester Reynolds, A.B., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Obstetrics Helen Hayes Ryan, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Obstetrics Hugh Hay ford, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Obstetrics Joseph Lomax, B.S., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Obstetrics Thirty SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY Junior year lectures on diseases of the nervous system—peripheral neuritis to cerebral concussion. I)r. Gilpin’s interesting methods of presentation insured attention and interest. His exams given with a viewpoint of fairness were graded to the last “t Neurosurgery in our Senior year under Drs. Fay and Scott carried us through the realm of neurophysiology, epilepsy and brain tumors, not to mention an inside view of the phases and scope of dehydration. In having the privilege of listening to Dr. Fay one is conscious of an admiration akin to that which must have arisen in the breasts of the ancients as they sat at the feet of the philosophers. “Around the rough and rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran.” The Goddess of Wisdom from the brain of Jove—“my first baby.” The event of the year. Smiles—page Evans. OBSTETRICS Thirty-one Junior year lectures with Dr. Arnold, who taught in the manner which lias stood the test of time- -stress principles first before attempting detail. Our Junior O. B. service, wherein we observed deliveries and technic proved valuable when we assumed our duties as Senior students in those memorable “ten days.” The class of ’38 was fortunate in adopting Dr. Alesbury to look after its many class functions— we record, as a class, that there were few men for whom we held more respect and admiration as a teacher, friend and advisor, than we held for “Ales.” THE SKULL ORTHOPEDICS John It. Moore, A.H., M.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Worth B. Forman, M.D., Lecturer on Orthopedics Francis William Glenn, A.B., BS, M.D., Fellow in Orthopedics Saul S. Steinberg)),- B.S., M.D., Fellow in Orthopedics OPHTHALMOLOGY Walter I. Lillie Glen G. Gibson Walter I. Lillie, M.I)., M.S.. (Ophth.), F.A.C.S., Professor of Ophthalmology Glen Gregory Gibson, M.D., Associate in Ophthalmology Robert Hamilton Peckham, A.B., Ph.D., Instructor in Research Ophthalmology Lewis Randall Wolf, B.S., M.I)., Fellow in Ophthalmology Joseph S. Lynch, B.A., M.I)., Fellow in Ophthalmology Homer R. Mather, B.S., M.D., Fellow in Ophthalmology Thirty-two s c HOG I 0 F M E D I C I N E ORTHOPEDICS The course begins in the Junior year with Doctor Moore’s explanation that orthopedics means “straight child,” and from then on, every Saturday morning at nine, the student is carried through a whirl of lectures and clinics on the diseases of bone, muscles, tendons and bursae. Doubtless the choicest of the series is that talk on posture as the root of all evil even unto marital unhappiness, during which talk the lecturer himself demonstrates flat feet, back knees, lordosis, and the corrective exercises indicated. The next year, the weekly lecture is more clinical, and fractures, dislocations, casting and strapping are taught. Dr. Moore's boundless energy, unique combination of practicality and knowledge of theory, and his enthusiasm for his subject, make him an inspiration and his course a stimulating one. Osteo.” The ways and the means.” McLeod examines, McCarthy questions. Corneal Opacities? OPHTHALMOLOGY The diseases of the eye . . . after a few of Dv. Lillie’s lectures one begins to appreciate what an amazing, delicate, and complicated mechanism the organ of sight is, and what a wide scope the subject covers. The first half of the senior year is devoted to medical ophthalmology, wherein the relation of the eye to the general bodily affections and intracranial lesions is studied. Dr. Lillie impresses the student with the importance of the diagnostic information to be gained by careful ophthalmoscopic examination. The second half of the year is spent in the study of diseases of the eye per sc, and in groups in the Eye Clinic, the students are given the opportunity of observing treatment, making examinations, learning to use their own ophthalmoscopes, and studying eve-ground pathology with Dr. Lillie using the multi-ocular ophthalmoscope. Thirty-three TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL OTOLOGY Matthew S. Ersner. M.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Otology Edward K. Mitchell, M.D., F.A.C.S., Associate Professor of Otology Julius Winston. M.D., Issociate iu ? T euro-otology S. Bruce Grecnway, M.D. Associate in Otology Simon Ball, M.D., Instructor in Otology Burech Rachlis, M.D., Instructor in Otology David Myers, M.D., Instructor in Otology Louis H. Weiner, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Otology Harry G. F.skin, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Otology Frank L. Follweiler, B.S., M.S., Ph.D., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Otology Floyd W. Uhler, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Otology Francis A. Harold Sanders, A.B., MI).. Clinical Assistant in Otology PATHOLOGY Lawrence W. Smith, A.B., M.D., Professor and Head of Department of Pathology Frank W. Konzelmann. M.D., Professor of Clinical Pathology Benjamin Gruskin, M.D., Associate Professor and Director of Experimental Pathology Edwin S. Gault, M.D.. Associate Professor of Pathology and Bacteriology David B. Fishback, M.I)., Instructor in Pathology Ernest E. Aegerter, A.B., B.S., M.D., Instructor in Pathology H. C. Lennon, B.S.. M.D., Instructor iu Pathology Wrav Joseph Tomlinson, B.S., M.D., Pellotc in Pathology Thirty-four S C H 0 0 I () V M E D I C I N E OTOLOGY Lectures in H3. Uncle Matty” with gestures and sidelines. The diseases of the ear range from eczema of the auricle to petrositis and Dr. Lrsner made every lecture hour profitable to all of us. The course in otology was augmented in our Senior year by clinical observations and lectures concerning methods of diagnosis and treatment. Consultation. . . . . and then epithelial proliferation of the glomeruli. . . Kindest friend—Severest critic. ‘‘Now, gentlemen . . PATHOLOGY Gentlemen, Gentlemen, your attention for a moment”—thus Dr. Gault introduces the subject of the nature of diseases and its resultant manifestations—one of the “must courses in any school of medicine and one of the most exacting. The hours spent studying slides, examining tissues and learning theory are accented by quizz sections, practical examinations, microprojection demonstrations, and autopsies, and through it all, as much clinical correlation as possible is interwoven. Doctor Smith deserves much credit for his arrangement and presentation of this too-often mistaught subject, which, fundamental though it is to any intelligent understanding of the patient, can so easily be allowed to become a dead” subject. Thirty-five TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL PHARMACOLOGY Alfred E. Livingston Edward Larson PHYSIOLOGY J. Garrett Hickey Ernest Spiegel S C H O O I Alfred E. Livingston, B.S., M S., Ph D., Professor of Pharmacology Edward I .arson, U.S., M.S., Pli.D., Assistant Professor of Pharmacology Ralph C. Bradley, B.S., M.D., Instructor in Pharmacology Edwin J. Fellows, B.S., M.S., Pli.D., Instructor in Pharmacology David J. Phillips, Ph.G., B.S., Instructor in Pharmacology J. Garrett Hickey, M.D., Professor of Physiology Ernst Spiegel, 1.D., Professor of Neurophysiology Morton J. Oppenheimer, A.B., M.D., Assistant. Professor of Physiology Dean A. Collins, Ph.D., M.D., Assistant Professor of Physiology Thirty-six 0 F MEDICINE PHARMACOLOGY The study of the action of drugs. Dr. Livingston's lectures make this course extremely interesting and his manner of presentation of the subject material leaves little to he desired. Lectures are supplemented by very valuable laboratory experiments and demonstrations. One gets from this course not only exact knowledge of the action of drugs, but a scientific attitude, a healthy skepticism that prevents one from having a blind faith in therapeutic recipes conceived more in hope than in rational thinking. A story on a drum. “Green light.” Smoke. Blood. 9 PHYSIOLOGY Physiology—the science which treats of the functions of the human organism. As Freshmen and Sophomores, Dr. Hickey gave us basic material upon which were to build our knowledge of medicine. Lectures from Dr. Hickey were closely applied to the clinical aspects of medicine and were always in accordance to the latest trend in scientific thought. Thirty-seven temple university THE SKULL PEDIATRICS Charles L. Brown, B.S., M.D., F.A.C.P., Professor of Pediatrics {pro tern) Samuel Goldberg, M I).. F.A.C.P., F.A.A.P., Clinical Professor of Pediatrics Gerald H. J. Pearson, A.B., M.D., Assistant Professor of Pediatrics P. F. Lucchesi, A.B., M.D., F.A.A.P., Associate in Pediatrics Henry H. Perlman, M.D., F.A.A.P., Lecturer on Pediatrics Joseph l.evitskv, M.D., Instructor in Pediatrics Sidney Weiss, M.D., Clinical Assistant i i Pediatrics Domenico Cucinotta, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Pediatrics PROCTOLOGY Harry Z. Hibshman, M.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Proctology Harrv E. Bacon, B.S., M.D., F.A.C.S., Assistant Professor of Proctology Franklin D. Benedict, M.D., Demonstrator of Proctology Samuel William Eiscnberg, A.B., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Proctology Hesser C. C. Lindig. B.A., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Proctology Thirty-eight s c H 0 0 L 0 V M E DICING PEDIATRICS With us. the study of the diseases of children shall always be associated with the name of I)r. Tyson, our former professor. None of us will ever forget his method of teaching, well prepared lectures and classical notes. Our Senior year pediatric clinics were conducted by Dr. Brown and the Pediatric Staff who gave us excellent clinics. Dr. Brown deserves credit for the capable management of the department during his professorship pro tern. Well-babies. “He’s my brother.” Interest and disinterest. Compound interest. PROCTOLOGY Dr. Hibshman’s “quizzing'’ before lectures made each if us cognizant of the manifestations and operations of diseases relative to the environs of the CryptS of Morgagni. Methods of diagnosis and principles of treatment are demonstrated in Clinic under direction of the members of the department. We would suggest to Juniors to remember that the sigmoid may be any length but it has limitations. Thirty-nine T E M V L E UNIVER SITY THE SKULL PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, HYGIENE and PUBLIC HEALTH Harriet L. Hartley Harriet I.. Hartley, M.D., Professor of Preventive Medicine, Hygiene and Public Health Lyle Jenne, B.S., Ch.E., Assistant Professor of Sanitation and Public Health Walter S. Cornell, B.S., M.D., D.P.H., Assistant Professor of Preventive Medicine, Hygiene and Public Health T. Ruth Weaver, M.D.. Assistant Professor of Preventive Medicine, Hygiene and Public Health J. Moore Campbell, 13.S., M.D., Assistant Professor of Preventive Medicine. Hygiene and Public Health Maurice B. Cohen, M.D., Demonstrator of Preventive Medicine, Hygiene and Public Health James Hale Paul, M.D., Demonstrator of Preventive Medicine, Hygiene and Public Health Donald Riegel, M.D., Demonstrator of Preventive Medicine, Hygiene and Public Health PSYCHIATRY O. Spurgeon English, M.D., Professor of Psychiatry 0. Spurgeon English Forty SCHOOL 0 F MEDICI N E PUBLIC HEALTH Today preventive medicine constitutes a major phase of the practice of medicine. The necessity of a sound basis in the vast scope of the subject is realized under the able tutelage of Dr. Hartley, who is active in the direction of the public health program of the city of Philadelphia. Observations of public health methods are made during field trips to the city water supply and sewage disposal plants. Student health programs and contagious disease prevention are studied in the public health centers of the city. Wheatsheaf Lane. “Sign Up.” Soul searching. PSYCHIATRY A subject of vast proportions in the practice of medicine, and one which must be well understood by every practitioner. Introduced into the subject during the Sophomore year by lectures in personality development, followed by lectures in abnormal psychology, our Junior year was devoted to clinical observation and discussion on the neuroses and psychoses. Dr. English and Dr. Weiss joined forces in our Senior year and conducted timely clinics dealing with the application of a psychiatric approach in diagnosis and treatment of functional diseases. Forty-one temple university THE SKULL RADIOLOGY V. Edward Chamberlain © Hugo Horsier W Edward Chamberlain, B.S., M.D.. Professor of Radiology Hugo Roesler, M.D., Associate Professor of Radiology George C. Henny, M.S., M.D.. Director of Department of Physics Barton H. Young, M.D., Assistant Professor of Radiology H. Tuttle Stull, M.I).. Associate in Radiology Wcndel C. Hall, A.B., M.D., Instructor in Radiology Robert K. Arbuckle, B.S., M.D., Fellow in Radiology Robert Paul Mcader, A.B., M.I)., Felloxc in Radiology Gustavus C. Bird. Jr., M.I).......Fellow in Radiology Forty-two s G H 0 0 L 0 F MEDICINE RADIOLOGY In the Freshman year the course is introduced to the medical student by a series of lectures by Dr. Roesler relative to the appearance of normal body structures in the X-ray film. The physical principles of the Roentgen ray are correlated with explanation of its effect upon tissue. In the Sophompre year, the “picture” of pathological processes is revealed by the explanation of the various phases of disease as portrayed by radiological methods. Juniors are given lectures in regard to the methods of radiological diagnosis with relation to the “specialties.” Senior year brings Dr. Chamberlain in direct contact with students. During this year the radiological and medical staffs combine in clinical radiological conferences to evaluate the methods of therapy and the indications for the use of the Roentgen ray. The student is taught to look upon the radiologist as a consultant, rather than as a Practitioner in a separate specialty. 6 Aiming the shot. Consultation. The final answer. X-ray tour. Forty-three temple U NIVERSITY THE SKULL SURGERY W. Emory Burnett W. Wayne Babcock. A.M., M.D., LL.IX, F.A.C.S., Professor of Surgery «� � Clinical Surgery William A. Steel, B.S.. M.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Principles of Surgery William X. Parkinson, B.S., M.IX, M.Sc. (Med.), LL.D., F.A.C.S., Professor of Clinical Surgery John Leedoin, M.D., .....Associate Professor of Surgery G. Mason Astlcy, M.D., Associate Professor of Surgery John P. Emich, M.D., Associate Professor of Surgery John Howard Frick, M.D., F.A.C.S., Associate Professor of Surgery W. Emory Burnett, A.B., M.IX, F.A.C.S., Associate Professor of Surgery J. Norman Coombs, M.D.. F.A.C.S., Associate Professor of Surgery Giacchino P. Giambalvo, M.D., F.A.C.S., Assistant Professor of Surgery Daniel J. Kennedy, M.D., ....... Demonstrator in Surgery M. H. Genkin, M.D., F.A.C.S., Demonstrator in Surgery Louis Kimmelman, M.IX, . Instructor in Surgery Leon O. Davis, M.D., ..............Instructor in Surgery Joseph X. Grossman, M.D., Instructor in Surgery It. D. MacKinnon. M.D., Instructor in Surgery Morris Franklin, M.D., Instructor in Junior Surgery F. L. Zaborowski, M.D., Instructor in Surgery Eugene T. Foy, M.IX, Instructor in Surgery Martin H. Gold. M.LX, ... Clinical Assistant in Surgery L. Vincent Hayes, M.D., Clinical .Assistant in Surgery Frederick A. Fiske, B.S., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Surgery C. Howard McDevitt, M.D., Clinical Assistant in Surgery Harold Coffman Roxby, B.S., M.IX, Clinical Assistant in Surgery Herbert S. Raines, A.B., M.I)., Clinical Assistant in Surgery John H. Frick, Jr., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Surgery Theodore H. Swan, A.B.. M.I)., Clinical Assistant in Surgery Daniel J. Preston. M.IX, Fell axe in Surgery George P. Itoseinond, B.S., M.I)., Felloxc in Surgery Forty-four SCHOO.L OF MEDICINE SURGERY Surgery introduced to Sophomores by I)rs. Km-ich and Giambalvo—a lecture course with stress placed upon fundamentals—the definition of an abscess—the actions and reaction of inflammation etcetera. Regional Surgery in the Junior year, lectures by Drs. Burnett, Babcock, Coombs. Astley, Frick and Steel—“Babcock” read and re-read—trials and tribulations—quizzes and examinations. Clinics at Temple and Philadelphia General Hospitals where the lecture course was correlated by observation of clinical material. Students having the opportunity of close association with the manifestation of surgical problems bv a waving arm and an upraised face . . . “Those five men will please come down . . . Senior year—Regional Surgery with emphasis placed upon diagnosis and operative treatment of the various clinical entities . . . “Ward-walks and cases to increase diagnostic acumen . . . “Surgical Assists”—The observation of operative technic at the side of surgeons, give to the student of medicine an opportunity to see the modern approach to surgical problems and the resultant methods of surgical control. “Babbie” opens up. Evans gives the “Boss” a hand. Lamp chimneys. Danny grabs a “bleeder.” Forty-five temple university THE SKULL James Kay EPISCOPAL HOSPITAL STAFF James Kay, M.D., Clinical Professor of Medicine W. Gordon McDaniel, ILS., M.D., Instructor in Medicine S. I.awrcnce Woodhouse, Jr., A.B., M.D., Instructor in Medicine .lames A. Lane, H.S., M.D., Clinical Assistant in Medicine PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL HOSPI TAL THE Hospital of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Philadelphia it mav be officially, but to us it is simply ‘ Episcopal, and synonomous with Doctor Kay. Because of him, and because it was there that real live patients first came into our avid clutches, it has a special place in our affections. We recall vividly the neartragedy of our first day there, when some evil geni sent a snowstorm to make us late and we were threatened with the possibility that this, our first visit, was to be our last. After that we adopted a slightly modified version of the slogan of the Unted States Postal Department— Nor rain nor sleet nor snow shall stay these swift couriers on their appointed rounds. We spent Friday afternoons there the latter half of our second year, learning practical physical diagnosis. It was an evidence of our regard for Dr. Kav that, in some strange manner and to his mystification, his own particular section for the afternoon grew larger and still larger as the day wore on. In our junior and senior years, working in smaller groups, we were assigned eases to work up and present to Dr. Kay. Here, in such closer contact, we had a better opportunity to absorb some of our teacher’s attitude toward clinical medicine—his affection and reverence for its history and for the men who had made it, and his love of teaching it which no amount of indifference or lack of sympathy can stifle. Wc will not easily forget our afternoons at Episcopal, in that atmosphere blended of the texts looking down from the walls and the spirits of Osier and McCrac peeping over Dr. Kay's shoulder. And heaven forfend that we should forget the medicine we learned there! Forty-six vy PHILADELPHIA GENERAL HOSPITAL THE SKULL 6 nHHIS place lias everything.” Thus we greeted P. G. H. From the eight o’clock hour when Dr. Babcock glanced around to pick out the fortunate (or unfortunate) five and then proceeded to show us case after case illustrative of his didactic lectures, until we left the necropsy room at the hour of twelve-thirty, we viewed a kaleidoscope of clinical material. First hour—Doctor Babcock, or would it be Burnett or Astlcy? Second hour—Doctor Hadden with his early signs” and parade of gaits, or Doctor Gilpin and his fighting enthusiasm. Third hour—Doctor English introduced us to all their store of psychiatric problems, from the reincarnation of Elijah to Roosevelt's secret advisor. Eleven o'clock and last call—-either necropsy or T. B. Our Senior Year we spent the afternoons from two o’clock until five, two hours of clinical work in medicine. surgery, and the various medical specialties successively for two and three week periods; one hour with Doctor Klein in lecture or clinical conference. Edward Wdss STAFF Edward Weiss, M.D., F.A.G.P., Professor of Clinical Medicine Thomas Klein, A.B., M.D., Professor of Clinical Medicine Samuel A. Savitz, M.D., dissociate Professor of Medicine THE SKULL Joseph ( Doane Samuel Goldberg JEWISH HOSPITAL OUR first contact with Jewish Hospital was during our Sophomore year, when we spent a few hours there in connection with our course in physical diagnosis. But our real association with Jewish” came during our Senior year. Jewish, of course connotes Doctor Doane and his barrage of questions about Withering’s tincture, Southey's tubes, and something that sounded like fiuidextract of pandemonium. None the less, bis clinics were a delight, and needless to recall, when we had a case to prepare for him. the books were thumbed only less than during finals. Not the least valuable of his talks were those dealing with the physician’s attitude and conduct of self. Doctors Goldberg, Tumen, Steinfeld, et al, each had something worthwhile and practical for us to take away from their fine lectures and conferences. To those men who listened to our case presentations in ward classes we extend our thanks and admiration for the time which they spent in this work and their conscientiousness in medical discussions. JEWISH HOSPITAL STAFF Joseph C. Doane, M.D., F.A.C.P. Nathan Blumbcrg, M.D. Edward A. Steinfield, M.D. Henry I. Tumen, A.B., M.D. Maurice S. Jacobs, M.D. Joseph G. Weiner, M.D. Sydney Harbcrg, M.D. Eugene M. Schloss, M.D. Mvcr Somers, M.D. Edwin LeWinn, M.D. Harry Simpkins, M.D. Mitchell Srlickman, M.D. Albert Adi in, M.D. A. Rosenfeld, M.D. Professor of Clinical Medicine Associate Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor of Medicine Associate in Medicine ..........Associate in Medicine Associate in Medicine ......... Instructor in Medicine ..........Instructor in Medicine Instructor in Medicine ... Instructor in Medicine .. Instructor in Medicine Clinical Assistant in Medicine ..Clinical Assistant in Medicine ...Clinical Assistant in Medicine THE SKULL E AG EE VILL E S A N AT A RIUM AT EAGLEVILLE, wc saw at first hand the workings of a modern tuberculosis sanatarium, so that we might have concrete knowledge of the subject to guide us in directing future patients. Here, in the place where the brothers Cohen carry out their ideas of modern, rational, effective and commonsense treatment, I)r. A. J. Cohen recapitulated his lectures on the subjects of “Sanitarium Treatment’’ and “Surgical Treatment in Tuberculosis.” We felt, after our visits here, that we no longer had only vague ideas about institutional treatment, nor about the intelligent use of such things as pneumothorax and phrenic crush. And it should be said that one of the most valuable things we take away with us from our association with these two men and our trips to Eagleville, is an understanding of the human side of tuberculosis, its emotional, psychological and social aspects, which aspects they never forgot to stress in their lectures and conferences with us. A. J. Cohen EAGLE VI LEE SAX ITOK I CM A. J. Cohen, M.D., Clinical Prof exesor of Medicine Louis Cohen, M.D., slstistant Professor of Medicine ... A medical student is one of the world's greatest optimists; from the day when he enters the portals of undergraduate school with ambitions of becoming a physician, until the hour he attains his doctor's degree, there are hurled from the lips of professors and friends and the pens of essayists word pictures of improbabilities which discourage the weak. We present the graduates of ’38, those who have had the courage to go forward—those who have listened well, continued undaunted, and have “crossed the line”. Hook Two GRADUATES OF T III It T Y - E I G II T Progression jQO YOU REMEMBER— Leaving home ... of course it was old stuff after four years of college . . . but still you didn't eat much breakfast . . . thinking, on the train, of all those strange course names . . . like otorhinolaryngology—histopathology—neuroanatomy . . . and what in Pete’s name is forensic medicine? . . . and they had neurosurgery in the catalogue for the senior year . . . you pictured yourself, reverently assisting an intent, white-gowned figure wielding a scalpel in operation on a brain . . . silent, busy nurses scurrying about . . . the whole atmosphere tense with drama, and somehow, holy . . . and you a part of it . . . remember? . . . Your idea of a hospital . . . shining, white and aseptic . . . full of strange gadgets . . . all nurses beautiful and all internes handsome . . . and neath the calm, quiet, busily, efficient atmosphere the hidden play of the forces of life and death and birth . . . The talk of the upperclassmen . . . telling you what to do . . . what books to buy . . . talking in familiar terms, of professors, you did not know . . . Then the first assembly in the fifth floor lab ... it seemed to cover an acre and they addressed von through a microphone . . . The fraternity rushing . . . Becoming a pledge . . . The m;ad search for a “Radasch . . . Parting company with your self-assurance at the door of Pritch’s Saturday morning quizzes . . . “There are too much walking and talking about . . . Quietnin' down!” . . . and you cowered like a frightened rabbit while your mind became a void as Pritch pounced with a shout of “Good, good, next man! ... His damnable alarm clock . . . The slide with the esophagus artery? THE SKULL and trachea combination . . . The chill of the lab tabic on the windward side of the building . . . bacteriology lab . . . Mow gingerly we all handled that real live culture of typhoid germs . . . Gault’s Now, gentlemen, gentlemen, your attention for a minute . . . and how that minute grew into an hour and twenty of them while you itched to make those drawingss . . . which piled up, and up, and up . . . Kolmer's first lecture, and your feeling of touching greatness . . . His post Thanksgiving exam . . . Lining up outside Gault’s office for your grade . . . Those practical exams . . . Gee, he’s a real guy, he’ll offer you a cigar . . . Electric blackboards, and those dissection tables . . . Your first date in med school . . . Rushing into Pritch’s lab at noon to fight for a place to copy those embryology drawings . . His pre-Christmas speech . . . You’re not getting this stuff, men. God knows I’ve worked on you . . . and how ashamed von felt . . . Dr. Hickey’s lectures . . . unannounced exam . . . pithing frogs . . . smoking, and re-smoking drums . . . Dr. Lathrop and her midafternoon lunch . . . Dick determined you wouldn’t sneak another frog . . . Christmas vacation, and then midyears . . . Fishing in the brine for number eleven to make a cross section drawing . . . Pritch’s practical . . . “What’s that! What’s that! What’s that!’’... Roxbv’s orations . . . His knuckle of gut . . . Stories of his start in life . . . His Irish stories . . . The Swarthmore fire company . . . The apple tree chorus . . . Chemistry unknowns ... I take an atom from here and I place it over there’’ . . . “Agitate a little, observe the precipitate . . . History of Medicine and the Hottentot Venus . . . Burke and “Burking . . . Roessler’s x-ray anatomy and philosophical asides ... I will pay zee hospital bills of anyone who catches pneumonia . . . Dr. Saylor’s farewell address . . . Look on each side of you; one of you will not be there next year.” . . . Exams . . . Post-mortem after each . . . Home . . . and waiting for your grades. THE SKULL BACK again . . . Talking familiarly to the freshmen of “Roxby,” “Pritch,” and “Saylor” . . . Telling them what hooks to buy . . . Neuroanatomy and Tilly O'Reilly . . . Lord! would you ever get that stuff? . . . l)r. Hickey’s circulation schema, and the “eleetroacardiophone . . . Smoking more drums . . . and still more . . . Pithing frogs and more frogs . . . and wondering what it all had to do with medicine . . . Toxicology and Helen Tananis’ “Doctor, what does fornication feel like”? . . Dashing into the “rest-room” after Saylor’s lecture to collect your morning sample . . Giving your contribution to Dr. Schrader for the next unknown . . . Pharmacology lab and those concoctions that wouldn't turn out right ... Dr. Larson in gloves and goggles mixing the potassium chlorate, sulfur and sugar . . . Dr. Livingston and the huge armful of books he carried to each lecture and carried out again unopened . . . Keeping your lab books . . . Wycis first showing himself as a future neurologist . . . Katz’ story of the man. the nurse and the thermometer . . . and Gowan’s plaintive reply ... “I don’t know why she was tearing her hair doctor, it wasn’t up her thing.” . - . Physical Diagnosis . . . real medicine at last! . . . and how we practiced on each other . . . Dr. Kav’s “I never tire of percussing the normal chest” . . . and how we tired of it . . . and then Jewish and Episcopal . . . “Are you sharp enough to get it, gentlemen, are you sharp enough to get it?” as Dr. Kav ‘showed’’ us our first rales . . . His threat to resign and our consternation . . . Pharmacology and atropine, physostigmine, pilocarpine . . . drums . . . and how proud we were of a good tracing . . . Making up that notebook . . . The turtle heart The rabbit eyes . . . Giving anesthesia to those evil-smelling dogs . . . Those THE SKULL friendly but malodorous purps with the intestinal fistulae . . . and J)r. Livingston's prize demonstration on the excised rabbit’s heart . . . and his consternation when the alcohol (cursed stuff!) actually made the heart work better . . . The wonder of those frog kidney preparations and how you could actually see glomeruli work . . . Pathology . . . the advent of Dr. Smith . . . pages and pages to cover . . . and a million drawings to do . . . but Gentlemen, gentlemen, your attention for a moment” . . . And that damned alarm clock again . . . Those little sessions in the mieroprojeetion room . . . with Dr. Konzelmann accenting the kidney and the breast . . . Gault accenting tuberculosis and periarteritis nodosum . . . Fishbach and the spleen . . . How bug-eyed” we were at the announcement that we were to go to autopsies . . . Our first one and the faint feeling of something or other we had . . . Dr. Hartley’s course and the field trips . . . Her, oh, so subtle way of dealing with unesthetic subjects . . . The architecture of the privy . . . and that crack” to the effect that just because you find a saddle under a bed it doesn’t necessarily follow that the patient has been eating horseflesh . . . And then exams and home once more hoping to get into the local hospital, at least to do urinalyses . . . Waiting for grades again . . . And despairing of any rebate on the breakage fee . . . our summer spoiled by Hartley's Thesis. THE SKULL JUNIORS—now—feeling as if you were getting somewhere” . . . Looking at the Freshmen and Sophomores and being thankful that you finished such courses as pharmacology, physiology, and anatomy. Sitting on your “bottom” hour after hour, writing notes, notes, notes . . . “Getting up” every Wednesday morning for P. G. II., wishing you could sleep for another hour . . . Enjoying Dr. Hadden’s clinics . . . English and the Prophet,” the “Prophet had something there . . . friendship—courtship—kinship—all is founded on a floating nothing, a boat or a canoe . . . Proof of the state of ships” by a wierd chart, and astounding eloquence . . . Studying Babcock,” trying to learn the fine print and forgetting fundamentals . . . Bahby’s” Monday morning classes and fighting to keep awake when the lights went out . . . “Babby telling us that only seventeen passed the mid-year” . . . Feeling disgusted and lost again when you picked up the surgery book to study . . . Underlining the important things” in “Babcock” so you will know them in the final . . . That list of twenty-seven exams . . . Wishing it were June . . . Ward-walks” with Lansbury, lie knows his stuff.” Sitting out in the litttle rooms back of Babcock ward and learning how to take” a history, feeling silly when the patient laughed at you. Watching Dr. Donnelly chewing gum, ninety chaws a minute by one clocking. Reading the Seniors’ histories and secretly vowing to write better histories when you were a Senior. Savitz and potassium iodide, cod liver oil and Blauds Pills have the druggist make 'em fresh.” Konzelmann’s Saturday afternoon Lab . . . Trying to get up enough nerve to stick your own finger. Trusting vour partner to find your mid-cephalic, both of you sweating while he searched . . . Junior O. B. service, running over to the hospital watching a senior deliver . . . Thinking of all the mistakes he made . . . Lansbury’s appellation of diabetes insipidus ... in the anglo-saxon. Dr. Gilpin and his way of making neurology seem worth while . . . Dr. Alesburv’s demonstration of the method in which intestinal organisms may be spread to other structures . . . proper technique stressed by stressing the improper. Dr. Ersner and otology simplified ... a little methol, a little “oil” . . . ATROPHY ATTENTION THE SKULL The “Skull Dance” . . . You remember what you did that night, so why write it. Easter vacation, not enjoying it too well because of impending “finals. Looking for a Junior interneship . . . Getting one and wishing you hadn’t . . . Spring, warm weather and trying to study . . . Daylight saving time and waiting until nine P. M. until it got dark, then expending effort on concentration . . . Studying for your finals . . . Crossing off the exams on your list, one by one . . . Finally, Babcock and that day of dilemma . . . Post-mortems after that exam . . . some swore, a few cried, and most of us said to H- - - with it. Going home knowing you were due for one re-exam. Beginning your Junior interneship, being the “handy man” and the regular interne’s “stooge” . . . Writing histories, doing lab work, and an occasional delivery of a para fifteen. Not knowing any operating room technic, you have to assist a chief,” he is usually in a bad humor and your ignorance is impressed upon you with accented epithets . . . Standing on the other side of the table, wishing you could tell him how “good” he was. Your “grades” arrive from school and you find your re-exam “Surgery in red.” Trying to study on your “nights-off” and wondering why Babcock gave such an exam. One week vacation in the summer, returning for the re-exam . . . and hoping you will pass it . . . You are greeted bv fifty class members who are also there at the “Boss’ ” request. The exam over and you feel weak . . . Home again for three days and preparing to return for your last “lap.” THE SKULL LI NICS— Medicine . . . Mrs. Smith's charming “Good Morning’’ . . . Writing a “too long’’ history . . . Spending two hours with a patient . . . one and a half hours asking foolish things like “how old was your father when lie died.” etc ... a hasty physical because your patient is getting uneasy at her long stay . . . sitting outside waiting a half hour for a consultant . . . getting one who doesn’t believe that you have spent two hours building up . . . the “refers . . . half the time your consultant doesn’t know what the trouble is, but then you made a guess too . . . “We need the lab. in this case’’ . . . Running out for lunch ... a sandwich, while your patient does the same . . . and back again to finish the case. Trying to figure out treatment, dosages, etc. Buerger’s Clinic and the waxed moustache, the “banquet table a-la-Da Vinci’’ surrounded by bearded, ancient figures. Trying to stick a sclerosed vein and injecting it slowly . . . “Do you feel anything ”? Episcopal and Kay . . . the Biblical quotations upon the wall . . . one appropriate for a convalescent who has lain there for months . . . “Jesus Christ, the same yesterday, today, to-morrow, and forever.” Ward walks with Kay for two hours, and how vour legs would ache. Immunology and skin tests . . . allergy and Tuft . . . Endocrine and dysmenorrhea. The night session in Cardiology . . . the multi-stethcscopc . . . “Gen-tcl-mcn. zc diagnozez can he made wezoud ze aid of ze stethoscope . . . look at ze patient . . . ze expression, ze neck, ze preeordium . . . let us feel ze pulse . . . Ah ! ve have made ze diagnozez wezoud ze aid of listening. Neurology . . . wishing you had Gilpin to go over your case with you. The “chronics who told you too much . . . Phenobarb. gr. II. Ilyoscine hydrobrom. gr. 1 120 . . . fluid intake oz. XI daily. CHART CHAT THE SKULL Gvne . . . Dr. Miller and his scented, colored douches . . . The ladies won’t use them unless they look nice, smell nice, and a little menthol makes ’em feel clean, ...Trying to palpate the adnexa . . . where the devil are they? Dr. Savitz and cauterization with a little silver nitrate. Ousterhout and thcelin . . . Mrs. Raines and her unconcerned draping. Municipal . . . Signing your name in the book with those who have long gone before . . . wearing those ill-fitting gowns . . . contamination . . . soap and water. Rectal . . . Hemorrhoids was all I saw” . . . G. U. . . . McCrae and a few jokes . . . McCrae’s informality and the way he smoked a cigarette . . . looking through the cvstoscopc . . . passing sounds . . . the treatment of G. C. Orthopedics . . . Moore in bare feet showing a patient how to walk to avoid flat feet . . . cutting off casts . . . looking at x-rays . . . looking for a good cast cutter . . . Miss Rubens and her smile . . . Surgical dispensary . . . Miss White and her lessons in bandaging . . . Leedom and his prescriptions . . . trying to put on a good bandage . . . using too many sponges . . . changing dressings . . . boric-alcohol . . . varicose veins . . . Gold and Unna's paste . . . injecting a vein, vour hand shaking the needle out of its clutches . . . Gold's warning to keep the solution in the vein. Physical Therapy . . . Just sittin’ around listening to Wood . . . Psychiatry . . . English and the discussions in 815 . . . dreams, fears, eroticism ad nauseam. Hematology . . . Tingling, dyspepsia, and liver extract, 2ec . . . The nurse will give it to you” . . . Pediatrics . . . Formulae, using Dr. Tyson’s methods . . . trying to control a resisting future “President” with all the sweet words of a politician . . . G. I . . . Disturbances . . . and the five usual causes . . . PRESENTATION EXPOSITION EXPLANATION EXAMINATION THE SKULL Chest . . . Cohen and pthisis, percussion, and ausculation . . . rales . . . consolidation . . . A. J. and his Oh! so Continental blue jacket, at Eaglcville . . . and, of course, pneumothorax and asepsis . . . Eye . . . The twenty foot chart . , . the multiple ophthalmoscope . . . your first attempt to use an ophthalmoscope, and trying to find the disc.'’ Surgical diagnosis with Mose . . . palpating unknown masses . . . writing what Mose” found; you didn't, but said you did. X-ray . . . being told how much this “stuff ' cost . . . Keep your eves closed while the door is opened” . . . craning vour neck to sec the barium shadow. Nose and Throat . . . Davis and tonsil bleeding . . . trying to locate the middle meatus and the superior turbinate . . . watching a sinus puncture and feeling cold . . . Miss Dowling and her poker face . . . Ear . . . Trying to use a head mirror and the light reflection proving most irksome . . . those ear speculae and the eardrum . . . eardrums, wax, and bulging . . . your first attempt to use a Politzer apparatus . . . Obstetrics . . . Hoberman and How do you feel today, Honey”? Do you see spots before your eyes? Have you any headaches? Where do you feel the kicking? Palpating for engagement, trying to make up your mind what you feel . . . Maybe she's got twins” . . . sitting on the little rocking chairs and Miss Paige taking roll-call. Surgical Assist . . . Miss Parr and You will help Dr. Babcock . . . scrubbing with Babby” and keeping out of his road . . . getting vour toes tramped on . . . trying to keep sterile . . . holding hemostats wishing you could grab a bleeder, or at least do something . . . scrubbing with Mose” and watching him parade around “sans shirt” . . . chest without a hair and skin without a blemish . . . scrubbing with Dr. Steel and learning technic. Dr. McDevitt’s prompting . . . and asides. Anesthesia . . . With Miss Krause . . . writing dictation from Babby and wishing he wouldn't go so fast. THE SKULL The Merry-go-Round” . . . eight cases a week and exams . . . just to make it “interesting.” Medicine Wards . . . Progress notes . . . long histories . . . long physicals” full of negative findings . . . ward walks and observations. Standing at a bedside for two hours and feeling very tired, wishing you could get down in the lab. to finish your work . . . Miss Hcilig posting your name . . . an invitation to explain why you haven’t finished the case on time. Student lab . . . Working under Miss Spearing and admiring her for her fine attitude and her effort to help you . . . blood counts . . . trying to fill a hemocvto-metcr . . . waiting for the urine sample . . . doing an urinalysis and hoping it will be negative for sugar and albumin . . . less work then . . . Pediatrics . . . The cards which came to the. classes—Miss Heilig would like to see So-and-So immediately . . . Running over to the ward and trying to get a history out of a crying mother . . . The “struggle you had in obtaining blood from a scared child . . . Jewish . . . I)r. Doane and Southey’s tubes . . . vegetable trocars and “What are Niemever's pills ? IIow many Osier’s diseases? . . . Watching Doane clean his glasses five times in ten minutes . . . Blumberg and his technic for doing intratracheal bronchography . . . Blumberg telling you to be quiet, patient and gentle . . . then yelling at the patient in the next breath,—“Breathe deeply,” and scaring everyone in the room . . . his story of war-time “physicals with twenty thousand troops and bands playing, “That’s when percussion becomes paramount . . . you’ve got to learn to 'feci your way.’ etc., etc. Trying to get a history from an hysterical patient who refuses to answer questions,—who treats you with contempt. Spring and the robins on the lawn, and your degree, you hope, will be soon granted . . . and you will then be on your way. CONSTERNATION CONTENTMENT COMPOSURE THE SKULL EDWIN BERNARD ABRAMSON, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Jewish Hospital. Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F cc CO o — Sixty-two SCHOOL 0 F M E I) I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Sixty-throe THE SKULL WILLIAM EDWARD ADAIR, JR. Beaufort North Carolina WAKE FOREST COLLEGE Watts Hospital, Durham, N. C. T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL H. ALBERT ADAMS Pittsburgh Pennsylvania PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE Mercy Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. CLASS OF 19 3 8 Sixty-Jour SCHOOL O F M E D 1 C I N E CLASS OF 19 3 8 Sixty-five THE SKULL ROBERT FINCH ALLEN, M.S. West Chester Pennsylvania HAVERFORD COLLEGE Atlantic City Hospital, Atlantic City, N. J. temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL HOWARD W. BAKER, A.B. Swatow China UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Sixty-six SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ALFRED J. BARBANO New Brunswick New Jersey RUTGERS UNIVERSITY St. Peter’s Hospital, New Brunswick, N. J. Sixty-seven temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL FRED EUGENE BERKMAN, B.S. Monaca Pennsylvania GENEVA COLLEGE McKeesport General Hospital, McKeesport, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Sixty-eif ht SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ANNE KATHERINE BERNAUER Williamstown New Jersey URSINUS COLLEGE Williamsport General Hospital, Williamsport, Pa. Sixty-nine TEMPI E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL JOHN WINDSOR BIERI, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania DICKINSON COLLEGE Pennsylvania Graduate Hospital Philadelphia, Pa. CLASS OF 19 3 8 Seventy SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 HARRY BROWN, A. B. Downingtown Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Chester County Hospital, West Chester, Pa. Seventy-one TEMPLE UNIVERSITY RALPH CANTAFIO Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Methodist Episcopal Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. Seveitty-fxvo SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL Seventy-three TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ALLAN B. CRUNDEN, JR., B.S., M.A. Montclair New Jersey GEORGETOWN, COLUMBIA AND YALE UNIVERSITIES Medical Center, Jersey City, N. J. CLASS OF 19 3 8 Seventy-four SCHOOL OF MED CINE THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 Seventy-five EDWARD SIMS DAILEY South Orange New Jersey PRINCETON UNIVERSITY Orange Memorial Hospital, Orange, N. J. temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL NICHOLAS PETER DALLIS, A.B. Bay Shore New Jersey WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON COLLEGE Washington Hospital. Washington, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Seventy-six SCHOOL OF MED C N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 THE SKULL RICHARD YOUNG DALRYMPLE,B.S. Chester West Virginia WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON Washington, Pa. Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. Seventy-seven E T E M P L UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ROBERT JAMES DICKINSON, B.S. Ridgway Pennsylvania PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE St. Mary's Hospital, Detroit, Mich. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Seventy-eight SCHOOL 0 F M E I) I C I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Seventy-nine RICHARD A. DIETRICH, B.S. Pittsburgh Pennsylvania UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH St. Francis Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL WARREN C. DIETRICH, JR., B.S. Bethlehem Pennsylvania MORAVIAN COLLEGE Sacred Heart Hospital, Allentown, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Eighty SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 FRANCIS JOSEPH DITCHEY, B.S. Tamaqua Pennsylvania VILLANOVA COLLEGE Misericordia Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. Eighty-one TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL Eighty-two SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 Camden ALFRED H. DOMM New Jersey TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Philadelphia General Hospital Philadelphia, Pa. Wiffhty-three TEMPI E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 NEIL FRANKLIN DUNKLE, A.B. Lewisburg Pennsylvania BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY Robert Packer Memorial Hospital, Sayre, Pa. Eighty-four H 0 0 L 0 M E D I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 10 3 8 MERLE WEAVER ESHLEMAN, A.B. Hagerstown Maryland LEBANON VALLEY COLLEGE Northeastern Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. Eighty-five T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL CLARA A. EVANS, A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Nesbitt Memorial Hospital, Kingston, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Eighty-six SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Eiyhly-aeven THE SKULL OTIS M. EVES, A.B. Millville Pennsylvania EARLHAM COLLEGE Allentown General Hospital, Allentown, Pa. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL HUDSON DE MOTT FOWLER, B.S. Cleveland Ohio WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON COLLEGE St. Vincent’s Charity Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio C L A S S 0 F 19 3 8 Eighty-eight SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL Eighty-nine TEMPLE UNIVERSITY C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 WILLIAM GUY FURTH, B.S., M.A. New York New York NEW YORK, COLUMBIA AND LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITIES Cedars of Lebanon Hospital Los Angeles, California SCHOOL OF ME Ninety D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Ninety-one THE SKULL J. HOFFMAN GARBER Elizabethtown Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE Presbyterian Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL JACOB LOUIS GLUCHOFF, A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Wilkes-Barre General Hospital Wilkes-Barre, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Ninety-two SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL THE SKULL LEO FRANCIS GOWEN, A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania ST. JOSEPH’S COLLEGE Philadelphia General Hospital Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F oc cc c Ninety-four SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E CLASS OF 19 3 8 Ninety-five THE SKULL JOSEPH CHESTER GRIBB Nanticoke Pennsylvania PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE Harrisburg Polyclinic Hospital, Harrisburg, Pa. tempi E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL GERALD BOND GROSKIN Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY St. Luke’s Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Ninety-six SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Ninety-seven THE SKULL ALLEN JAMES HANNEN, A.B. Williamsport Pennsylvania UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Williamsport Hospital, Williamsport, Pa. T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL IRVIN RIVERS HANSON, B.S. Wilmington North Carolina WAKE FOREST COLLEGE Abington Memorial Hospital, Abington, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Ninety-eight SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 Ninety-nine EDWARD FRANCIS HARDMAN, B.S. Youngstown Ohio HOLY CROSS COLLEGE St. Elizabeth's Hospital, Youngstown, Ohio T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL One Hundred H 0 0 0 M E D I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred One THE SKULL DONALD HAYDEN HUFFER, A.B. Harrisburg Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA Harrisburg Hospital, Harrisburg, Pa. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 00 CO r— WILLIAM EDWARD HUSS, B.S. Lancaster Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster. Pa. One Hundred Two SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Three JOSEPH E. IMBRIGLIA, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania VILLANOVA COLLEGE St. Agnes Hospital. Philadelphia, Pa. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL MORRIS IVKER, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Altoona General Hospital, Altoona, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Four SCHOOL 0 F MED I C I N E THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 PHILIP JACOBSON, A.B. Williamsport Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Williamsport General Hospital Williamsport, Pa. One Hundred Five TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL OTTO HENRY JANTON, JR. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Protestant Episcopal Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. One Hundred Six SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE C L A S S 0 F 19 3 8 CLASS OF 19 3 8 One Hundred Seven THE SKULL REEVES FREDERICK JONES, B.S. Stroudsburg Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE Lancaster General Hospital, Lancaster, Pa. temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL MICHAEL J. JORDAN, JR., B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania VILLANOVA COLLEGE St. Joseph’s Hospital, Reading, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Eight SCHOOL 0 F MED I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 THE SKULL ALFRED KERSHBAUM, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Mount Sinai Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. One Hundred Nine temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ROBERT RUSSELL KOOSER, B.S. Westmoreland City Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE St. Francis Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Ten SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 MILLER J. KORNS, B.S. Sipesville Pennsylvania WASHINGTON AND JEFFERSON COLLEGE Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. One Hundred Eleven T E M P I E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL RICHARD D. KRAFT, A.B. Johnstown Pennsylvania CATAWABA COLLEGE CONEMAUGH VALLEY MEMORIAL HOSPITAL Johnstown, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Twelve SCHOOL OF MED C N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirteen THE SKULL WILLIAM GRESS KRAYBILL VVyncote Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE Philadelphia General Hospital Philadelphia, Pa. temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ALFRED CHARLES LaBOCCETTA Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Pottsville General Hospital, Pottsville, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Fourteen SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL RUTH VIRGINIA LEYMEISTER, B.S. Orwigsburg Pennsylvania BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY Allentown General Hospital, Allentown, Pa. One Hundred Fifteen temple university THE SKULL JOHN J. MAHAFFEY, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania VILLANOVA COLLEGE Medical Center, Jersey City, N. J. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Sixteen H 0 0 0 M E D I I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 FRANCIS ROXBY MANLOVE, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania DICKINSON COLLEGE Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. One Hundred Seventeen T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL VALENTINE R. MANNING, JR., A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Eighteen SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 V One undr(sd Nineteen THE SKULL SAMUEL A. MANSTEIN, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Northeastern Hospital. Philadelphia, Pa. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY IRVING MARSHALL, A.B. Trenton New Jersey TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Medical Center, Jersey City, N. J. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Twenty SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E william p. McCarthy, jr., b.s Trenton New Jersey VILLANOVA COLLEGE Mercer Hospital, Trenton, N. J. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Txoenly-one TEMPI E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL WILLIAM LOUIS McLEOD, B.S. Buies Creek North Carolina WAKE FOREST COLLEGE City Memorial Hospital, Winston-Salem, N. C. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Twenty-lico SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL THE SKULL One Hundred Txvenly-four SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 THE SKULL MAX CORLE MILLER, B.S. Montgomery Pennsylvania PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE Williamsport General Hospital Williamsport, Pa. One Hundred Tioeiity-five temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL JOSEPH FRANCIS MORRISON, B.S. Towanda Pennsylvania VILLANOVA COLLEGE Wilkes-Barre General Hospital Wilkes-Barre, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 10 3 8 One Hundred Twenty-six SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL One Hundred Twenty-seven T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 THOMAS V. MURRAY, B.S. Brookville Pennsylvania ALLEGHENY COLLEGE Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. One Hundred Twenty-eight SCHOOL OF MEDICINE THE SKULL JOHN EDWARD NARDINI, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY United States Naval Hospital E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred 'twenty-nine UNIVERSITY THE SKULL WILLIAM JONES NEAL, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Methodist Episcopal Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirty SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirty-one THE SKULL GENNARO CARLO NICASTRO Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Chester County Hospital, West Chester, Pa. TEMPI E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirty-three THE SKULL EDWARD VINCENT OCELUS, B.S. Port Carbon Pennsylvania VILLANOVA COLLEGE Sacred Heart Hospital, Allentown, Pa. , E TEMPI UNIVERSITY THE SKULL JOHNSTON FLOYD OSBORNE Sharon Pennsylvania THIEL COLLEGE St. Vincent’s Hospital, Erie, Pa. CLASS OF 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirty-four SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL THE SKULL SEWALL M. PASTOR Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Philadelphia General Hospital Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirty-six SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL One Hundred Thirty-seven TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ROBERT ADAMS PETERMAN, B.S. Hicksville New York GETTYSBURG COLLEGE Meadowbrooke Hospital, Hempstead, N. Y. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Thirty-eight SCHOOL OF MED C N E THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 GLENN ALLEN POPE, A.B. Sacramento California STANFORD UNIVERSITY Alameda County Hospital, Oakland, Cal. One Hundred Thirty-nine E T E M P L UNIVERSITY THE SKULL HOMER HAYDEN PRICE, B.S. Spray North Carolina WAKE FOREST COLLEGE Ohio Valley General Hospital Wheeling, W. Va. CLASS OF 19 3 8 One Hundred Forty SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E WILLIAM C. PRITCHARD, JR., A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. E G L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Forty-one TEMP L UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ELKIN RAVETZ Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Mount Sinai Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Forty-tiro SCHOOL 0 F M E I) I C I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Forty-three JAMES LEROY REEVES, B.S. Parkersburg North Carolina WAKE FOREST COLLEGE Walker Memorial Hospital, Wilmington, N. C. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL LAURENCE B. RENTSCHLER, A.B. East Orange New Jersey PRINCETON AND COLUMBIA UNIVERSITIES Geisinger Memorial Hospital, Danville, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Forty-four D SCHOOL 0 F M E I C I N E THE SKULL UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 JAMES KEENER ROSS, A.B. Wilkinsburg Pennsylvania OHIO UNIVERSITY St. Alexis Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio One Hundred Forty-six E D I C I N SCHOOI 0 F M E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 CHARLES J. SCHREADER, A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania LA SALLE COLLEGE Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. One Hundred Forty-seven TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ASHER SEGAL, A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Mount Sinai Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L A S S 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Forty-eight SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ARTHUR FRED SEIFER, B.S. Jersey City New Jersey RUTGERS UNIVERSITY One 7 undred Forty-nine Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. THE SKULL ALEXANDER WALTER SEYGAL Larksville Pennsylvania PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE Harrisburg Polyclinic Hospital, Harrisburg, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Fifty H 0 0 0 M E D I I N E THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Fifty-one J. EVANS SHELBY, A. B. Union town Pennsylvania UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH Uniontown General Hospital, Uniontown, Pa. temple UNIVERSITY THE SKULL WILSON POOLE SHORTRIDGE, B.S. Morgantown West Virginia WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY Atlantic City Hospital, Atlantic City, N. J. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Fifty-two SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C N E THE SKULL One Hundred Fifty-three TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL BERNARD J. SPEAR, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania FRANKLIN AND MARSHALL COLLEGE St. Agnes Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. CLASS OF 19 3 8 One Hundred Fifty-four SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E THE SKULL One Hundred Fifty-five TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL RUSSELL E. STRAUB Philadelphia Pennsylvania BUCKNELL UNIVERSITY Reading General Hospital, Reading, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Fifty-six E SCHOOL 0 F M D I C I N E THE SKULL One Hundred Fifty seven TEMPLE UNIVER SITY THE SKULL CARL E. SWEITZER, B.S. Wyomissing, Pennsylvania ALBRIGHT COLLEGE Reading General Hospital, Reading, Pa. CLASS OF 19 3 8 One Hundred Fifty-eight E SCHOOL 0 F M D I C I N E ■fl THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 HELEN FRANCES TANANIS, B.S. Minersville Pennsylvania PENNSYLVANIA STATE COLLEGE Harrisburg General Hospital, Harrisburg, Pa. One Hundred Fifty-nine tempi E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL GEORGE A. TRUCKENMILLER, B.S. Freeland Pennsylvania SUSQUEHANNA UNIVERSITY Robert Packer Memorial Hospital, Sayre, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Sixty SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Sixty-one THE SKULL JOHN A. TURTZO, JR. B.S. Bangor Pennsylvania MUHLENBERG COLLEGE St. Luke’s Hospital, Bethlehem, Pa. . E TEMPI UNIVERSITY THE SKULL MARLER SLATE TUTTLE, B.S. Wall burg: North Carolina WAKE FOREST COLLEGE Maryland General Hospital, Baltimore, Md. C L ASS 0 F — CO CO 00 One IIUixlred Sixly-tieo SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Sixty-Hire THE SKULL BAYARD RICHARD VINCENT, A.B. Wilmington Delaware UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA Delaware Hospital, Wilmington, Del. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL MELVIN A. RICE WAINRIGHT, B.S. Shrewsbury New Jersey GETTYSBURG COLLEGE Chestnut Hill Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. C L A S S 0 F 1 9 3 8 One Hundred Sixty-four SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L ASS 0 F CO CO O', 1—1 One Hundred Sixty-five THE SKULL JAMES EDWARD WALMSLEY, A.B. Philadelphia Pennsylvania HAVERFORD COLLEGE Chester County Hospital, West Chester, Pa. T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL WILLIAM PEASE WARDEN, JR. Wardensville West Virginia WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY Uniontown Hospital, Uniontown, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Sixty-six SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E C L A S S 0 F 1 9 3 8 One Hundred Sixty-seven THE SKULL KENNETH W. WARREN, A.B. Perry Florida HARVARD UNIVERSITY Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Mich. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL ARTHUR CHRISTIAN WEBBER Scranton Pennsylvania SUSQUEHANNA UNIVERSITY Reading General Hospital, Reading, Pa. One Hundred Sixty-eight SCHOOL OF MEDICINE CLASS OF 1 9 3 S THE SKULL One Hundred Sixty-nine TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL DICKINSON COLLEGE Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa. One Hundred Seventy SCHOOL 0 V MEDICINE fl B THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 HENRY J. WOLOSHIN, B.S. Philadelphia Pennsylvania TEMPLE UNIVERSITY Mount Sinai Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. One Hundred Seventy-one TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL EDITH EVANGELINE L. WORRALL Greenville Pennsylvania THIEL COLLEGE Pottsvillk General Hospital, Pottsville, Pa. C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 One Hundred Seventy-two SCHOOL OF MEDICINE C L A S S 0 F 1 9 3 S One Hundred Seventy-three THE SKULL HENRY TELESFORE WYCIS, B.S. Leechburg Pennsylvania GROVE CITY COLLEGE Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL JAMES GEORGE ZAIDAN, B.S. Mount Pleasant Pennsylvania WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY Uniontown Hospital, Uniontown, Pa. C L A S S OF 19 3 8 One Hundred Seventy-four SCHOOL 0 F M E D I C I N E � I I tyftktM.pnxiyr lecture. r y T .n-rer modi M' imtiwmoH uu7xmtrw r j?_ in tom mm setts yrrosyo hy n tetters. 2®(its.Is iM fiif n asiit’vlpiion £ c y? vt mum Wm r, iv ncv ouytn not to be .wren a ofaSrcwty lifayyoi •2jA W£A ;£ rc ulne that should lx' kept rcax i V1l feonttmic to keep this Qt‘h unvioLttai. u� • n r ■ mctoqv ! hto thc practice of tik- Art ivsjx'aed iy :«j| men ns .ill tiiacs! Hut should I tn-sjuAs Violate thi Oath nuythereveree lx- tfy lot1 ySipoUo Jvsatlgpni; Vkvd:h :'.UH al iI] lIk ihlt .taxudnio toi-r .tbilnyZv. fuels .4 ■ r$M ulatLdiv uii and lUiIx.'pod;. ooddi -:6(-nr • .- rj his .stipulation -to vcchm 1 nm v bo r.ut u'mc this «[ V |Uul}y i Mi' dune as)nypare;ir.s to h.ue my suhsirmaXl with linn catfk've hisiiitsslUc-.sl R.’qumxL'fp look upon v the Aimc iriotijiQ � .rny 1 Aii ] n-ihors? k k Ach (hem this An vfsF; to learn it m . _ e ogptNG lowEmtot p aX: m to none o crs Jtnll oUcu lttc sxsiem .0 rpymcn, accordina h m ubitu ’ niapcmcni fionsnjft ‘ r'-fn 1 •tv T, ' V- w nr K vivv?V K K hQx bhn-r i CahnjM Jym itnuover is ifcitctjws V- nvcmcrous via pur . ? PMjiJy miwanc tv t ty me i f asKea'nor prs 'sum m jse . to m likVwrJimnotim to .t-woman a pessary tcirrcducc • aOerrion xj'jXpn 'RXlN'' £WTfH i iO! ■ fV.. : tU FRXyXJ; Vvfe _ firtifnet cut .Vw v mttrim, under tk.sccue. Jut MJrjtr tmyto be diW jy men A- are i ttiherprsy __ tkstoor c, fn umtwr. fouses enter. !ujii m into tan (vrrk ornejit jrt fa sick, c wik absfattijrcm '£ffi • « ; .e;uwa?' ad (■■'■ Inuu'n f « vr gi-b'prt - .vfi£ ■ r v seatuim of 'enui cs erma es oTfretmen jiTs atrs. —— c rWharmr u tommon tur jjj'v jryTsticmf . . . All Good, Thou hast chosen me in Thy grace to watch over the life and death of Thy creatures. I am about to go to my labor. Be with me in this great work so that it may avail, for without Thy help, nothing succeeds, not even the smallest. —Maimonides. . . . The men who are to follow—our confreres of the future. To these we leave our moments of anxiety, our days of uncertainty, our months of tension We hope that their association with Temple will, in the final analysis, prove as profitable to them as it has been to us . . . Book Three • the men who ARE TO F O LEO W The Class of 1030 Hirst Roto: Dobbins, Wright, Sugarmun, Weinberg, Sonntag, Green, Geigle, Cuchnore, Paxman, Orpi, Rawls, Sauers, Hackett, Price, Rineheimer. Second Roxv: Wapncr, Gabagan, Schneider, Johnson, Klemek, Pomeroy, Parker, Leary, Nicholson, Howell, Montgomery, Kcnig, Hugh, Taylor, Uhlcr, Goyne, T. Gerhart. Third How: Brummcr, Wainer, Di Alonzo, Anders, F. Norris, Hunter, Tart, Belmont, Lorenz, Krupko, Davis, Grez, Strassman, Whistler, Freedman, Nyce, Muhlberger, Maloney, C. Norris. Dill Joseph Albright, Jr. Wilbur Drcshcr Anders, B.S. Owen Belmont, B.S. William Allison Bender, A.B. Hyman Robert Blank, B.S. John I,eroy Bowers, B.S. I,ee E. Brans ford, Jr., B.S. Oliver Raymond Irwin Brommer, B.S Edwin Graham Buchanan Horace Taylor Caswell, B.S. Frank Neal Cooke George Charles Covalla, B.S. John Thomas Patterson Cudmore, A.B Walter Anthony D’Alonzo, B.S. Raymond Alfred Davis, B.S. Armond Anthony DeVittorio, B.S. Kenneth Leroy Diehl Burns Alan Dobbins, Jr., B.S. Harold Eugene Everett, B.S. Simon Benjamin Forman, A.B. Robert Ritchie Frantz, B.S. Abraham G. Freedman Raymond Joseph Furlong Donald Hugh Gahagan Thomas A. Garrett, A.B. George Daniel Gartland, Jr., B.S. Robert Paul Gearhart, B.S. S.Carl Frederick Geigle, A.B. Lewis Warren Gerhart Isadore Gordon, B.S. Paul Earle Gordon Richard Lewis Goyne, B.S. B.Russell Page Green, B.S. Irving Greenfield, B.S. Arinand C. Grez, B.S. Joseph Adrian Gustaitis, B.S. Henry Clifford Hackett, B.S. Frank Bennet Lane Haines, B.S. Owen Wister Hartman, A.B. Herman Herskowitz Vincent Adolphus Hoch, B.S. Richard Radcliffe Hoffman, A.B. Mary Jane Howell, A.B. John Sidney Hunter, A.B. William St. Julicn Jervev Howard John Johnson, Jr., B.S. George James Jones, Jr., A.B. William Felix Jones, B.S. Isadore Kenig Robert James Kennedy Merl Francis Kinunel, B.S. Stanley Charles Klemek Eugene Frederick Kostcr, Paul Edward Krupko Norman Learner, B.S. John Berchmans Leary, Ph.B. Harry Fell! Lenhardt, B.S. Howard Lorenz, B.S. Raymond Joseph Lutz Milton Charles Maloney, B.S. One Hundred Sci’enty-eight The Juniors First Row: Ralston, Diehl, Garrett, Zardaro, Wiener, Herskowitz, Kennedy, I loch, Wilcox, Schnall, Spector, Paxson, Sutton, H. H. Stauffer, Roster. Second Row: Sharps, Gartland, McCloskcy, Kimmcl, Jcrvcy, Furlong, It. Gerhardt, Stayer, McClure, McIntyre, Shindel, Schantz, Sweeney, Blank, Learner, Schneeherg, Rizika, Lenhardt. Third Row: Everett, Parris, I. Gordon, P. Gordon, Stone, Frantz, II. M. Stauffer, Price, Dobbins, Schneider, Bender, Albright, Popielarski, Forman. Howard Hamilton Stauffer, B.S. Joseph George Biery Markle, B.S. Richard Charles McCloskcy Theodore Russel McClure Thorton Stallings Mclntire, Jr. Raymond Scribner McKccby, A.B. Esther Clarke Montgomery, B.S. Robert Diven Mulberger William Henry Nicholson, B.S. Charles Morgan Norris, B.S. Frank Turner Norris Harry Cope Nycc Pedro Or pi, Jr. James Jarvis Parker, Jr., B.S. George Parris, B.S. Curtis Roberts Puxrnan, A.B. Murgaret Paxson, B.S. James McCahan Pomeroy, A.B. Joseph Thomas Popielarski, B.S. Elisha Lindsay Potter, Jr. Charles Eli Price William James Ralston, B.S. Japheth Edward Rawls, Jr., A.B. John Stanley Itinehimer, Jr., B.S. Stuart Robert Rizika, B.S. J. L. Keith Rugh, B.S. William Garrison Ryon William Nicholas Sauer, A.B. Glenn Hartman Schantz, B.S. Charles Schnall, B.S. Norman Grahn Schneeherg, B.S. Joseph Felix Schneider, B.S. Frank Sharps Lyle Wilbur Sherwin Dorothy Louise Shindel, B.S. Elizabeth Kalbach Shivelhood, A. Richard William Sonntag, A.B. Martin Spector, B.S. Herbert Milton Stauffer, A.B. Glenn Cameron Stayer Evan Clifford Stone, Jr., A.B. Jack Strassman, B.S. Murray Gage Stromberg, B.S. Samuel Sugarman, A.B. James Alva Sutton Francis Xavier Sweeney, B.S. B. I. Tart, Jr., B.S. Morgan Fitch Taylor, B.S. Ellsworth Preston L’hler, B.S. William Drcxler Van Riper Mary Elizabeth Vardaro, B.S. Amos Shephard Wainer, B.S. Paul Mordechai Wapner, B.S. Jacob D. Weinberg Jack Weiner, B.S. Clara Gertrude Wertime, A.B. Leroy Almon Wilcox, B.S. Robert Uibel Wissler, B.S. Walter Alan Wright One Hundred Seventy-nine Junior lli-Lites The Class of 1940 First Ifmc: H. Hunter, H. Harbold, T. Johnson, F. Bellarmino, I). Mauro, F. Itenzulli, E. Weber, H. Laubenstein, J. Baker, E. Dumoff, M. Cortner, H. Miller, H. Zeidman, M. Brown, M. Warschafsky. Second Row. R. Troxel, F. Moyer, R. Immordino, T. Harveson, A. Wagner, F. Viggiano, C. Peterson, II. Davis, I. Roe, T. Amies, G. Sliugert, It. Sellers, J. Spiegelmann, II. Tuft, L. Stuart, W. Kinder. Third Row: J. Scott, H. Calhoun, H. Moulter, W. Saul, It. Wells, It. Straughn, M. Keebler, F. Large, H. Hyman, II. Miller, C. Holland, J. Parrott, C. Bream, G. Fissel, C. Tomaseski, It. Jahn. Thomas Eugene Andes, B.S. James Louis Baker Arthur Norman Barr, A.B. Gilbert Barron, A.B. Francis Michael Bellarmino, B.S. John Wesley Bennett. II Charles Anthony Bream, B.S. Maurice Leon Brown, B.S. Hugh Harrington Calhoun John Sparkes Chaffee, A.B. Kenneth William Christenbcrry, John Laurence Clare, A.B. Joseph Raymond Connelly, A.B. Robert Arthur Cooper, B.S. Mary Catherine Cortner, A.B. Harry John Davis, B.S. Reese Edward Dawson Robert Reynolds Decn, B.S. Frank Smith Deeming, B.S. Edith Dumoff George Edward Fissel, B.S. Robert Peter Francis Fitzgerald, Charles Porter Goldsmith, B.S. Joseph George Haddad, A.B. Harold Valentine Harbold Theodore Kenneth Harveson, Jr., Arthur Joseph Heather Oliver Morton Henderson John It. Herr, M.A. Thomas Shetrond Hershey, A.B. Charles Robert Hess, B.S. Clarence Asher Holland. B.S. Samuel Thatcher Hubbard, Jr., A.B. Henry Joseph Hunter, A.B. Harold I ec Hyman I.S.Robert Louis Immordino, B.S. Robert Julius Jahn, B.S. Alfred Theodore Johnson Charles Gravbill Jones, A.B. .S.Sydney H. Kane Howard Marshall Keebler, Jr. William Donald Kinder One Hundred Eitjhty-lwo Tli e Sophomores First Row: H. Leeks, J. Zaslow, S. Kane, E. Thomas, A. Thomas, A. Waldman, A. Barr, A. Meloro, H. Knapper, K. Christenbcrry, C. Goldsmith, It. Dean, It. Dawson, H. Summons, C. Hess. Second Row. L. Leeks, G. Matthews, F. Saul, J. Linn, C. McGeorge, J. Moore, R. Fitzgerald, J. Mills, J. Chaffee, J. Connelly, J. Haddad, H. Warner, T. Hershey, L. Persun. Third Row: J. Renzulli, It. Cooper, R. Morris, G. Barron. Howard Park Knapper, Fred Denzel Large Helen Roads Laubenstein, B-S. John Joseph Laurusonis, B.S. Harold Irvin Leeks, A.B. Leonard Eugene Leeks, A.B. Jay George Linn, Jr., A.B. Herbert Ellis Loomis, B.S. George It. Matthews, B.S. Dom Joseph Mauro, B.S. Maurice Hopkins Maxwell, Jr. Chauncey Kay McGeorge, B.S. Anthony Meloro Henry Wadsworth Miller, B.S. Herman Miller John William Mills, B.S. Howard Albert Molter, B.S. Jack Donald Moore, B.S. Robert Selwyn Morris, A.B. Forrest George Moyer, B.S. John Arendall Parrott Lloyd Sylvester Persun, Jr., B.S. Charles William Peterson Edward Pickert Francis John Itenzulli, A.B. Jacob Irving ltoe, B.S. Harold Johns ltowc, B.S. Francis William Saul, B.S. James Patten Scott, A.B. Richard Othello Sellers, B.S. Thomas John Sharkey George Francis Shugert Charles Hodges Smith, B.S. Jay Spicgelman, B.S. Robert Acworth Straughn, B.S. Luclen Martin Strawn Lawrence David Stuart, A.B. Howard Joel Summons Arthur Raymond Thomas, A.B. Eugene Thomas, Ph.G. Chester Gregory Tomaseski Edwin Frederic Trautman, B.S. Richard Scotlar Troxel, B.S. Harold Seymour Tuft, B.S. Frank Anthony Viggiano, B-S. Alfred William Wagner Abraham L. Waldman, A.B. Halsey Feraud Warner, A.B. Morton Warshafsky, A.B. Laura Elizabeth Weber, A.B. Charles Robert Edwin Wells, B.S. John Henry Wigton, B.S. Jerry Zaslow, B.S. Herman Zcidman, B.S. One Hundred Eiyhty-lhree SOPH SHOTS The Class of 1941 First Row—Bottom Row (Left to Right): J. Ealy, J. Benson, D. Bciswinger, J. Schultz, C. Iannucci, S. Jacobson, 1. Calm, N. Rogers, Jr., R. Hoover, J. Katz, J. Evans, H. Laughlin, VV. Ramsay, II, C. Korsmo, J. V'ila, T. Wilson. Second Row Middle Row: T. Mayc, Ci. Boyer, I.. Knight, N. Ellison, C. Sanford, F. Peters, E. Smith, II. VandenBcrg, J. Brau, J. Sweeney, Jr., W. Muth, E. Smith, J. Meyer, Jr., J. Schilp, Jr.. B. Weber,, E. Reid, T. Rybachok, W. Bundens, Jr. Third Row -Tog Row: J. Konzelmann, W. Crosby, G. Randall, J. Hosncr, E. Winter, II. Kearney, P. Linguiti, R. Landis, J. T. Lloyd, J. Reilly, R. Lentz, G. Piserchia, D. Won-settler, J. Medwiek, .1. Prowell, CL E. Hetrick, W. Brodsky, W. Morgan. Edwin Pierce Albright, A.B. Daniel Herman Barenbamn, O.B. Robert Franklin Becklcy Dorothy Anne Beiswinger Jacob Martin Benson John James Bianco, B.S. George Samuel Boyer, B.S. Joseph Mitchell Brau, B.S. William Aaron Brodsky Warner Davenport Bundens, Jr. Hans Emerson Burkhardt, B.S. Elliot T. Bush, Jr.. A.B. J. Guy Butters, A.B. Milton Morton Calm, Edward White Caughey, B.S. Frank Girard Christopher, Jr., B.i Stanley James Cooke Maximilian A. Crispin, A.B. Helen Marie Crocker, A.B. William Richard Crosby, B.S. Ward Benedict DeKlyn Charles Dietz, Jr., B.S. Harry Cramer Donahoo, Jr. Pedro Jaime Durand, B.S. John Taylor Ealy Nomma Florence Ellison, B.S. Conrad Adam Etzel John Price Evans, A.B. Sam Jack Garfield Eugene Wltmer Gerth, B.S. Eugene Joseph Gillespie, B.S. Henry James Gloctzner, A.B. Ralph William Gosper John Handy Hall, B.S. Walter John Henry, B.S. David Edward Hepford, A.B. Ralph Eugene Herendeen, Jr., A. Frederick William Herman, B.S. Catherine Balsley Hess, B.S. Gurney Eugene Hetrick, A.B. Harrison R. Hines, B.S. Charles Levan Hoffmeier, B.S. Russell Dean Hoover Richard Henry Hosncr William Garrett Hume, A.B. Christopher Alfredo Iannucci, A.B. Sidney Jacobson Jacob Katz, B.S. Hugh John Kearney, B.S. G. Norris Ketcham Morton Medvene Kligerman Robert Wyant Kline, B.S. Lamar Lucius Knight, B.S. Henry Roebling Knoch John Bruce Hill Konzelmann, A.B. B. Carl Thurston Korsmo Leon Kotloft One Hundred Eighty-six The Freshmen First Roto—Bottom Roto {Left to Right): P. Waltz, C. Ktzel, C. Wilbur, M. Rabinovitz, H. Hines, J. Roxby, Jr., (Vice-President), H. Crocker, (Secretary), M. McCannel, (President), D. Mallams, (Treasurer), F. Christopher, Jr., J. G. Butters, R. Kline, E. Albright, M. Crispin, R. Beckley, J. Bianco. Second Roto Middle Roto: E. Gillespie, C. Risk, M. Sigimin, C. Dietz, Jr., P. J. Durand, H. Donahoo, Jr., J. Scliweppe, W. B. DeKlyn, S. Cooke, C. Leiphart, W. Bundens, Jr., E. Caughey, H. Knoch, C- Hoffmeier, J. Yahraus, D. Hepford. Third Roto—Top Row: M. Mills, II. Glotzner, J. Ilall, W. Hume, J. Rusmeisell, Jr., R. Hereden, Jr., E. Lloyd, J. F. Snyde r, E. W. Gerth, R. Gosper, H. Perchonock, D. Baren-bauin, H. Burkehardt, D. Ruhe, L. Kotloff, S. Garfield. M. Kligernian, F. Herman, R. Taylor, J. Reno. Robert Emmett Landis, B.S. Henry Prather Allen I.aughlin Clarence Daron Leiphart Robert Edwin Lentz, A.B. Paschal Anthony Linguiti, B.S. Edwin J. Lloyd, A.B. John Thomas Lloyd, Jr. Delbert Bevan Mallams Thomas John Maye, Jr., B.S. Malcolm McCannel Joseph Xavior Medwick, B.S. Jake Edward Meyer, Jr. Melvin Duane Mills, B.S. William Harland Morgan, A.B. John Judge Murphy, B.S. William McChcsney Muth, A.B. Meyer Perchonock Frank Stanley Peters Gerald Joseph Piserchia. B.S. Beatrice Jacqueline Prazak, A.B. Joseph Wilbur Prowell, B.S. Moses Rabinovitz, A.B. William Horn Ramsey, 2d. George Edward Randall, B.S. Elsie Elizabeth Reid, A.B. John Thomas Reilly, B.S. Joseph Harry Reno Catharine Boyd Risk, B.A. Nathan Rogers, Jr., A.B. John Byers Roxby, Jr., A.B. David Sieger Ruhe, B.S. James Adams Rusmisell, Jr. Taras Harry Rybachok Caroline Sanford, A.B. John Patrick Schilp, Jr., B.S. Julius Schultz, A.B. John Vogeley Scliweppe, B.S. Murray Douglas Sigman, B.S. Edgar John Smith, A.B. Edward Warren Smith, A.B. Jon Frederic Snyder Joseph Clyde Sweeney, Jr., B.S. Raymond Allen Taylor, A.B. Henry John VandcnBerg, Jr., A.B. Jose Luis Vila Paul Kenneth Waltz, B.S. Beatrice Angela Weber, B.S. John Howard Weidner Edward Joseph Winter Carl Edward Wilbur, B.S. Thomas Runyon Wilson, B.S. Donald E. Wonsettler, B.S. Jack I.asure Yahraus, B.S. One Hundred Eighty-seven Fit OSH FOTOS . . . Nurses — the Graduates of Thirty-eight, a record of themselves, their friends and their associations. Book Four CAPS AND CAPES To Mrs. Elizabeth C. Smaller FOR HER FRIENDSHIP . . . FOR HER COOPERATION WITH OUR CLASS IN ITS ENTERPRISES . . . FOR HER UNTIRING EFFORTS IN OUR BEHALF . . . IN SINCERE TRIBUTE, WE DEDICATE OUR SECTION OF THE SKULL. OF 1938 A graduate of Kensington Hospital, Mrs. Smaller did post-graduate work in Baltimore. She was Superintendent of the Garretson Hospital and later the Garretson Great heart Maternity Hospital for many years. She joined the faculty of the School of Nursing in 1932 when she was appointed Supervisor of the Obstetrical Wards. TO THE CLASS As you travel tlirough life, there are certain milestones which you reach on your way. You met one three years ago when you chose your profession, and now you are facing another. Your profession is choosing you to represent all of its highest ideals as you travel onward, each in your individual field. You have been left a rich heritage of fundamental knowledge, which in itself is a rare possession. Harbour this and yet be ever receptive to changing trends of modern times. Face your deficiencies and acknowledge them, but do not let them master you. Let them rather teach you insight and vision. Only in this way can you hope to cultivate an understanding sympathy which will enable you to lead most successfully a life of service. Disraeli once remarked, “Patience is a necessary ingredient of genius. I know of no better way to be happy and to enjoy the real joys and satisfactions of life than to attune oneself to patient understanding of wholehearted and unselfish service to one’s fcllowmen. Constant problems will face you from now on. During your training period you have shown yourselves self-reliant and prepared to cope with them. Each of you has shouldered considerable responsibility; we are proud of your individual records and are confident that you will maintain the standards set for you. As you go forth, some for further training and research, some for institutional careers, some for private duty, and some for various other fields, may you often remember the pleasant experiences we have had together and never lose sight of our loyal friendships and comradeships shared during these years. You. the Class of 1938, have given me a great privilege in permitting me to say a few parting words to you. I carry fond memories of each of you and a sincere hope that health and happiness may be yours constantly. Elizabeth C. Smailer. One Hundred Ninety-ihrec THE SCHOOL OF NURSING v-. t BEATRICE RITTER A graduate of Allentown General Hospital, Miss Hitter holds a professional diploma and two degrees from Columbia University. She has served as Superintendent of Nurses and Principal of various schools of nursing throughout the country. She joins the faculty this year as Dean of the new University School of Nursing. A graduate of Montgomery Hospital, Norristown, Miss McMahon did post-graduate work at the Mayo Clinic. Prior to coming to Temple University Hospital in li)S0 as Director of Nurses, she was operating room supervisor at various hospitals including the Graduate Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania. M A RGARET McM A HON IN KEEPING with modern trends in nursing education, Temple University has secured the services of Miss Ritter to head its program of reorganization. Her first task lias been to establish a separate University School of Nursing providing for integration of study and experience covering a five year period. She aims to so direct the students that they may more fully develop their individual potentialities and nursing skills, enabling them to fill positions requiring above average ability and social intelligence. TO MISS McMAHON the Hospital School of Nursing owes much for capable management and foresight in its direction. As Director of the program in nursing education, she has helped to raise the standards of admission and instruction. Under her able guidance, students are now more fully equipped to pursue their chosen profession on the level demanded by the new and more progressive concepts of nursing care. One Hundred Ninety-four T E M P L E U NIVERSITY ADMINISTRATION Beatrice E. Ritter, R.N.. B. Margaret McMahon, R.N. (trace Relyca, R.N. Kft'ie Dinkelacker, R.N. Anne Suvitskv, R.N. Marjorie M. Crunden, R.N., Casmira Mareiniszyn, R.N. Ethel Beegle, R.N. Margaret O. Burt, R.N. Marv Docktor, R.N. I.illian Doggert. R.N. Grace I‘oreman. R.N. Evelyn Groneek, R.N. Ann Gurgart, R.N. Ruth Jones, R.N. Ruth Keyser. R.N. Ann Lorenz. R.N. Eloys Mock, R.N. Frances Nunn, R.N. Mary Pagnotto, R.N. Anna Polinka, R.N. Elizabeth Reaser, R.N. Helen Ritter, R.N. Bettie Rupert, R.N. Pauline Shcnk, R.N. Elizabeth C. Smailer, R.N. Ethel White, R.N. Margaret White, R.N. S., M.A. Dean Director of Nurses Assistant Director of Nurses Night Director of Nurses Instructor B.A., M.N. Instructor Assistant Instructor Assistant Night Director of Nurses Assistant to Medical Director Neurology Private Medicine Private Medicine Pediatrics Women’s Medicine Jackson Clinic (� y necol ogy - Neu rologv Men's Medicine ....... Obstetrics ................Obstetrics Private Central Supply Room Orthopedics-Genitourinary Nursery Obstetrics Babcock Ward Surgical Dispensary Grace Relyea, R.NT. Assistant Director of Nurses Elizabeth ('. Smaller, R.N. Supervisor of Obstetrics and Class Supervisor Anne Suvitsky, R.N. Instructor Marjorie M. Crunden, A.B., M.N., R.N. Instructor Ethel White, R.N. Instructor One Hundred Ninety-five THE SKULL Familiar Faces M. Dummiro Ci. Porman F. Miller A. Gurgart H. Jones A. Karslake E. Mock M. Pagnotto E. Paige E. Platt A. Polinka A. Rubins F. Slicai) M. Smith M. White A WORD From The “TOP” SKULL THE Dear Graduates and Friends: You have honored me greatly by inviting me to add a greeting to your Year Book. I want to extend mv heartiest congratulations to each and every graduate of the Class of 1938. You are fortunate indeed to have had the opportunity of knowing something of the spirit of our great University when the vision, high hopes, and the result of unshaken faith in an ideal and the ceaseless effort on the part of our founder. Dr. Comvcll, have been realized. Thirty-five years ago when three of us received our diplomas from his hand lie said, “Some day all Samaritan nurses will also he Temple University graduates. This is as it should he.” I doubt whether anyone that evening caught even a shadow of his imagination. However, today we see life’s lesson demonstrated that the greatest things by God’s law grow from the smallest, for as we remember the hospital in its former setting— a little house with meager furnishings, limited resources, and whisperings that it might have to close,” and now witness the magnificent hospital structure with its ever widening horizons of service, we see the success that comes from serving an ideal bravely and faithfully. During your three years of professional study and contact with suffer ing. you have absorbed much that will abide with you, not only from your studies but from all the lives you have touched—patients, physicians, teachers and supervisors. Factual knowledge may leave you but the insight into human suffering; life’s appreciations, understanding that comes from your experience with the sterner realities of life, sense of values acquired from your daily contacts with many people and situations will travel with you through the years. You are graduating at a time when there is a change in emphasis of service. The young graduate of today realizes that a nurse not only ministers to physical needs but she must be an interpreter of health, so that she may be the means of guiding patients to happier living. She may fit herself to do this in but one way—continuous education. Newer concepts of life, demands upon nurses in a changing world, responsibilities and tests of our professional life ought to compel you to incessant study and acquisition of knowledge. And what shall be the measure of your success? It is expressed in very simple words: ‘ He has achieved success who has lived well, who has gained the respect of those whom he serves, who has filled his niche and accomplished his task, who has left his community better than he found it, whether by an improved poppy or the part he played in creating happier, healthier living for his fellow men, who has looked for the best in others and given the best he had, whose life was an inspiration, whose memory is a benediction.” Faithfully yours, Elizabeth F. Miller, Class of 1903. One I hi ml red Ninety-rer'Cn temple university NURSING TODAY by BEATRICE E. RITTER CONSCIENTIOUS members of our profession, eager to move forward, are frequently impatient because of the slow march. It is only by looking backward and comparing the old with the new that we realize that progress has been made. And in thinking through the program in nursing education, we must review the history of human progress, which, however, is not the purpose of this article. Wo have come from small schools, with low entrance standards, the apprenticeship system, long hours of service with no opportunity for recreation, to say nothing of individual growth; from mass assignment, student special nursing; from a concept of a nurse as a handmaiden to the doctor, with nursing confined to the care of the sick. But let us always pay tribute to the splendid leaders who in the midst of these problems and the confusion of emerging have contributed so much, and have made possible the rapid growth of our profession. In an historical report appeared the following: Nurses are not medical men—on the contrary, nurses are there, and solely there, to carry out the orders of the medical and surgical staff, including of course, the whole practice of cleanliness, fresh air. diet, etcetera. The whole organization of discipline to which the nurses must be subjected is for the sole purpose of enabling them to carry out intelligently and faithfully such orders and such duties as constitute the whole practice of nursing.” How differently we interpret the role of the nurse today. Technical skill alone is not sufficient, care of the physical comfort of the patient is but a part of the newer concept of nursing. Today we have more uniform standards for admission, organized instruction, the eight hour day (rapidly growing) with its attending opportunities for advanced study and better living, tfie employment of graduate nurses for bedside care, and we see the patient as an individual with spiritual, economic, physical, and social problems to face. i nc Hundred Ninety-eiyht s c H 0 0 L 0 F MEDICINE _________________________________________________THE SKULL NURSING TODAY The growth of medical science with its attending research, the development of public health agencies, and the general interest in community welfare have been responsible for development in preventive as well as curative health standards. That nursing has kept pace with this growth in social consciousness is generally conceded. Today, the nurse needs to understand human nature and recognize the emotional, economic, and spiritual needs of the patient, in addition to the physical elements. The teaching functions and opportunities of the nurse are recognized, and to this we can attribute the growth of Well Baby Clinics, Mothers’ Clubs, and the success of the nurses in school and community work. Although the spirit of service must always be present in a nurse, this is not enough and does not assure social vision any more than it does good technical ability. However, in seeking or accepting change, it is important that we keep the spirit of service in our work for only in this wav shall we maintain the tradition on which nursing was founded, and meet our broader aims. According to the modern concept, “Good nursing means first, using skilfully, in cooperation with the physician and other workers, the biological, physical, and social sciences in adapting prescribed treatment to the physical and psychic needs of the individual, in an environment—either in or out of the hospital—which is clean, safe, and conducive to recovery and future healthful living; second, it means sharing in the task of building positive attitudes toward healthful living; and third, it means helping to bring these services within the reach of every one in the community.” Thus we see the nurse as an interpreter, an integrator, a truly professional worker. To develop young women so they may better meet the changing demands, we are reorganizing Schools of Nursing, broadening the curriculum, weaving into it the social, ethical, economic, and health aspects involved in getting well and keeping well. Many schools have not been able to meet the higher standards and have closed, the hospital employing graduate nurses to care for the patients. This is of course a step in the right direction, opening a new field of employment for the graduate nurse, and stabilizing the nursing service. The practice of charging tuition fees is being adopted and tends to place Schools of Nursing on a College level. Money previously spent for so-called allowances” has been directed into salaries for additional supervisors, teachers, and graduate staff nurses. One Hundred Ninety-nine temple university THE SKULL NURSING TODAY Of the many problems in nursing today, the lack of prepared faculty is one of the most serious. In this area, it can be said, “Too many, yet too few.” Until members of our Faculties seek refresher courses, enter into post graduate study, and prepare adequately for Teaching, Supervision, and Administration, we shall not meet the current objectives in nursing education. This problem should hold a challenge to young women who enter the nursing profession today—for here lies opportunity—preparation for leadership! As Miss Stewart stated in 1925 when reviewing the growth of the Nursing Department in Teachers College. Columbia University, “The idea of the five year course grew out of our earlier experience with the preparatory course and also OUR EXPERIENCE with large numbers of graduate nurses who came to the College hampered by weak academic education and often by an unsound basis in professional education.’’ Schools of Nursing have been strengthened since 1925, and it is to be hoped that the next decade will find each School offering psychiatric and public health instruction, observation, and experience as part of the basic program. The growth of the degree program course, the combined college and professional course, is a step in the right direction, and graduate programs in the Universities are being expanded to meet the needs of graduate nurses. Hut there is still a lack of opportunity on a post graduate level, as many courses now offered are not educational in character. Herein lies another challenge—that of revitalizing the post graduate courses. At the International meeting last year, post graduate study was discussed, National and State Leagues are now reviewing the field to determine the availability of courses, and it is our hope that acceptable standards will emerge, so that young women may be directed into the field of special interest, assured of developing new skills and increasing their knowledge. Truly, this is an age of opportunity in nursing. Nursing is unique in its opportunities for service, for growth, for economic security. Probably at no other time has there been greater need for intelligent counselling and guidance on the part of the faculty, a need for staff education programs, a need for richer backgrounds, both cultural and professional, to enable the nurse to promote mental as well as physical health. As indicated, colleges and universities are meeting this need by offering a combined course, in which the student spends a portion of her time, Tico Hundred s c H 0 0 L 0 F medicine NURSING TODAY from two to three years, in the University, and a stipulated period in the School of Nursing. Thus we see the trends are timely, the needs are many, the opportunities unlimited. It was in an address at the Commencement exercises of the Temple University Hospital School of Nursing (then the Samaritan Hospital) that Dr. Russell Conwell. founder of our constantly growing organization, envisioned nursing on a University basis. Today, thirty-five years later, we are formulating objectives, reviewing curriculum materials, making course selections, in fact laying the corner stone for our “newer University School of Nursing, fully appreciative of the opportunities at hand to assure its success and success for the young women who shall attain cultural and social insight as well as achieve technical skills and knowledge fundamental to the profession, prepared to enter the field equipped to serve intelligently, and with enthusiasm, the community health needs. Success, too, that comes to all who participate in and contribute to a new and expanding educational experience; success born of cooperative effort and ingrained loyal ities. As young women who enter the field today approach the first goal, may they be well aware of the opportunities in nursing, may they recognize the trends and seek counsel so that they can select that special field for which they are best adapted and in which they may expect to find happiness and satisfaction springing from growth and widening horizons. Even as 1 congratulate the members of the graduating class, I wish for you the vision of our leaders, the interest so necessary to maintain standards, and the enthusiasm, for your work, that must never fail, for therein lie the elements of Success. Two Hundred One temple u N I V E R S I T Y THE SKULL LEAH BERNICE ANDERSON Lonaconing, Md. She has great ability In knowing how to conceal her ability. Two Hundred Two SCHOOL O F N U R sing • DOROTHY LYDIA BEHR Allentown, Pa. A face so sweet, a heart so kind, A spirit young and free. T' vo Hundred 'J'liroe TEMPI E U N I V E R S 1 T Y THE SKULL C L A S s 0 F 1 9 3 8 CHARLOTTE ISABELLE BLYTH Pittsburgh, Pa. And her smile, like sunshine, Darts into many a soulless heart. 7 ico Hundred Four SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 RUTH EILEEN CHARLTON Washington, Pa. Jolly as they make them, Still as they come. She furnishes life for the crowd When they’re looking for fun. ‘two Hundred Five TEMPLE U N I V E R S I T Y THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ELIZABETH ELEANOR DEREMER Phillipsburg, N. J. Serene through hurry and turmoil, Unstained by mire, untired by toil. Two 11 mulred Six SCHOOL o r N U R S I N G JEAN WINIFRED DERK Trevorton, Pa. We face life with a clearer mind Whenever we -see you. Two Hundred Seven T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 BETTY SMITH DILKS % Pottstown, Pa. The rule of her life is to make business a pleasure, And pleasure is her business. Two Hundred Eight SCHOOL 0 F N U R SING THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 YETTA VIRGINIA DINNING Stoyestown, Pa. Defeat to her is just nothing; A part of what life brings. She looks at it And then presses on to other things. Two Hundred Nine T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ANNE AUDREY DOCKTOR 0 Ellsworth, Pa. Noted for her quietness, And wise and studious ways Ttvo Hundred Ten SCHOOL 0 F N U R sing THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 IONA MARLENE FRYE Orwin, Pa. Joily, good-natured, Full of fun, If you want a friend Here's one. Two Hundred Eleven T E M P L E U NIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 MARY ELIZABETH GARRETT Lawn, Pa. She’s not only witty in herself But causes wit in others. Two Hundred Twelve SOHO 0 L 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL 0 MARION CHRISTINA GERHART Kane, Pa. She tries to take the blows of fate With robust strength and glee, And simply laughs and says, “All right— This time the joke's on me.” Two Hundred Thirteen TEMP I. E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL c: L A S S 0 F 19 3 8 GENEVIEVE BUTLER GORDON £ Greensboro, Md. She works hard and honestly. And does it with a will. Two Hundred Fourteen SCHOOL 0 F N U R SING THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 0 EMMA CAROLINE GROH Myerstown, Pa. The hours pass and still she sits to sew, Tedious, endless arid prosaic seams. Ttco Hundred Fifteen temp L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 1 9 3 S VIRGINIA MARY GUNTHER f Ranshaw, Pa. One star, just one, is all she wants, It fills her need. One star set high will point her way, Will be her creed. Txco a ml rctl Sixteen SCHOOL 0 F NURSING THE SKULL MARY EVA HARPSTER Warrior’s Mark, Pa. Something there is secure and serene, Untouched by thread of circumstance. Two Hundred Seventeen T E M P L E r NIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 MARY ELIZABETH KAUFMANN Tower City, Pa. There must be singing sound To lift up her heart, Give it courage, give it dreams Of the heights apart. Two Hundred Eighteen SCHOOL 0 F N U R SING C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 THE SKULL JANE ELIZABETH LARSEN Warren, Pa. Moving with the waves' white crest, She's confident in this blue world of ours. Two Hundred Nineteen TEMP L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ROWENE JEANETTE LAW £ DuBoiS, Pa. She is a maid of artless grace, Gentle in form and fair of face. Two IIundrcd Twenty SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 + THELMA BARRON LINDSEY Camden, N. J. She has hours still and pensive, Nursing in a prayerful mood. Two Hundred Twenty-one T E M P L E U N I V E R S I T Y THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 MARIE ELIZABETH MASON Elkton, Md. A little nonsense now and then Is relished by the best of them. Txco Hundred Txcenty-two SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 0 EMMA ELIZABETH MILLER Hanover, Pa. The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of clays in goodness spent. Two Hundred Twenty-three temp l E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL MARGARET ELIZABETH MORRELL f Bristol, Pa. Some like them short, Some like them, tall, Da-Da-Da-Da- Just any way at. all. Two Hundred Twenty-four R SCHOOL 0 F N U SING THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 GRACE FLORENCE QUINN Audubon, N. J. It keeps her busy cracking wise, Her mouth is perpetual motion; But after all is said and done, She is a good sport—and that's no notion. Two Hundred Twenty-five TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL „ C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ELEANOR YETA ROTH 0 Ocean City, N. J. A sweetness that makes Living worth wfiile, A gentle patience And a ready smile. Two Hundred Twenty-six SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 EDNA ISABELLE STEWART Philadelphia, Pa. Eager and willing, she will not shirk, All she asks is a chance to work. Two Hundred Twenty-seven TEMP L E U NIVERSITY THE SKULL C L A S S 0 F 19 3 8 GRACE WARRENA SIMPKINS f Perkiomenville, Pa. Never fails to see that the life she lives, More than routine holds, beauty has to give. Two Hundred. Twenty-eight R SCHOOL O F N U SING THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 HILDA GERALDINE STULL Greencastle,, Pa. Wayward is her mind, but, oh, It is sure delight seeking much beyond what's heard, Felt or known from sight. Two Hundred Twenty-nine T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 MARTHA ELEANOR SNISCAK Lansford, Pa. There is laughter in her eyes That matches the beauty of the hills. Txc'o Hundred Thirty SCHOOL 0 F N U R SING THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 MADELINE JEANNE SEASHOLTZ Mifflinburg, Pa. This is the thing, she makes the most Of any gift she owns, Develops it, lets its success Be her foundation stone. Two Hundred Thirty-one T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 1 9 3 S i MARGARET RUTH STONAKER £ Camden, N. J. In our hearts no one shall ever Be as tender, sweet or clever, Or as true. Two Hundred Thirty-two SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL FRANCES MARION SMITH Lewistown, Pa. As long as music and laughter flowing Lend icings of joy to the dancer's feet. Two Hundred Thirty-three TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 ELIZABETH WINIFRED SWARTLEY Horsham, Pa. Like the wise owl And old oak, She learned much But seldom spoke. Two Hundred Thirty-four SCHOOL 0 F N U R SING THE SKULL CLASS OF 19 3 8 CHARLOTTE LOUISE WAGNER Middletown, Pa. She's a noisy child If there ever was one, When out with a crowd She's full of fun. Two Hundred Thirty-five T E M P L E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL RUTH ARLINE WARTMAN Bethlehem, Pa. It was only a glad “Good morning As she passed along the way; But it spread the morning's glory O'er the livelong day. Txvo TJundred Thirty-six SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 THE SKULL FLORENCE ELIZABETH WORLEY East Lansdowne, Pa. Calm and kind, such is she Who needs no record in a book. Two Hundred Thirty-seven TEMPI, E UNIVERSITY THE SKULL C L ASS 0 F 19 3 8 NORMA CAROLINE ZIMMERMAN Buck Run, Pa. Determined on her best, stands firm, Amid fears, griefs, and strifes. Two Hundred Thirlir-eif ht SCHOOL 0 F N U R S I N G THE SKULL The Long, Long Trail YOU REMEMBER Leaving home . . . saying goodbye, scared yet full of ideals and so anxious to meet new friends and see new faces . . . Your arrival at Temple . . . Your first night away from home . . . “Lights out, girls, it’s ten o'clock” . . . Lying in bed. thinking about the Crowd back home and wishing you were With them . . . Wondering if you arc going “to get along” with your room-mate . . . Wondering how your boy-friend is, what he is doing tonight . . . Trying to sleep in your new cot . . . Getting homesick, wishing you hadn’t decided to be a nurse . . - Being taught how to make a bed—how to lift a patient—what to do with urine—how to serve a patient— how to carry a tray—how to take a temperature” . . . Going to Roxby’s lectures and thinking they were “dry,” (hem. lab. and thinking Dr. Shrader was nice.” Learning formulae and watching Dr. Shrader’s demonstrations . . . Physiology and Dr. Oppenheimer's “There are too much noises. Looking over” the mod. students and conversations concerning them . . . Your first attempt at charting and the effort and time you expended upon them so they would “look nice” . . . Getting so homesick you were ready to take the next train out of here.” Your letters to your boy friend” and waiting so anxiously to hear from him (he was writing at least three times a week) . . . Wishing you could be back home to go to the dance at the “Club.” Being proud of your cape and uniform . . . Reciting The Pledge with “fire and fervor” . . . Going to the Carmen and hurrying back by ten o’clock . . . Wondering why you didn't get a letter from Jack” this week . . . Thinking, perhaps he is forgetting about you . . . Going on night duty for the first time . . . The first time you saw someone die . . . The awful feeling you had . . . Getting a mortuary-set and running up the steps with it . . . “Don’t forget the false teeth” . . . lying up the “patient ’ and feeling sick . . . Drawing on Txco Hundred Thirty-nine temple university THE SKULL the pad, thinking about death and waiting for your “off duty” . . . Trying not to gag so much the first time you held an emesis basin . . . Your “first delivery,” Omigod . . . Feeling as if you knew everything, now . . . “Putting on” the first diaper and wondering what you were going to do with all the “stuff” you have left over . . . Trying to make corners meet . . . sticking your fingers with the pins . . . Trying to get “the lumps” out of it, finally putting it on some way and hoping no one would look at it . . . Trying to be patient when feeding the “premies” . . . Wondering if you are going to “have a date” for the Halloween Party . . . Your “boyfriend from home” solves the problem . . . Yawning at ten o'clock and feeling silly . . . On duty the next day and wondering why your feet hurt .... Christmas at home and “My, but you’ve changed . . . Wishing you didn’t have to go back to “duty” . . . Getting your “stripe and thinking the “probies” look dumb. Your room-mate promising to have you meet someone real nice” . . . Your first “blind date” . . . Wondering where you will go ... You have asked for a late pass . . . Picturing a night “down town,” perhaps the Arcadia. The “Blind-date” arrives, just one of the Med. students and you go to the Carmen, come back and sit in Keesals, talk over a “Coke” and try to act as if you were having a good time . . . Listening to “Hippocrates” talking about himself . . . Cleaning your shoes and running out of whiting . . . Putting a clean apron together . . . Realizing that your last pair of clean stockings have been “borrowed by your room-mate . . . Getting a dirty pair out of the laundry bag and giving them a mid-night bath . . . Spring and ten o’clock permissions every night . . . Wishing you could go to the Skull Dance with the “student” on O.B. . . Asking someone to “fix-it-up” . . . All set to go . . . You are put on night duty the night before the dance, now you are certain nursing is not for you. The first time you were called in to see Miss McMahon and you left her office having been informed Txoo Ifundred Forty SCHOOL OF NURSING you had lost your half-nights . . . Picturing that statue called “Justice” . . . The first time you “scrubbed” . . . Wondering what a “Denver was . . . What a four” was . . . Trying to thread needles in a hurry . . . Dodging Dr. Moore’s instruments . . . Wiping Dr. Fay’s brow . . . Upsetting a tray of sterile instruments and suddenly feeling like crying . . . Miss Parr looking disgusted . . . Getting your knuckles “reddened” by “Babby” . . . “Putting-up” supplies after eleven o'clock and trying to keep awake. Getting up for an emergency at two A.M. and wondering when you are going to get some sleep. Vacation after your O.R. term . . . Going back home finding “everything so different” and wishing you were back on “duty.” Being invited to a fraternity-house party and wondering what it would be like . . . “Falling” for a Junior med. student and finding out he is already engaged . . . Now you have decided to devote your life to nursing . . . Feeling important when you are the Senior Nurse “on the floor” . . . Thinking no one could be as dumb and sentimental as the probie” . . . Why, she doesn’t know how to take a temperature . . . She cried last night when that man died in 11 B . . . Getting the “probie” so flustered she gave a green mouth wash alcohol bath . . . Relieving the Supervisor when she went on her vacation . . . Feeling proud and trying to be efficient. Taking the blame for the “probie's” mistakes and deciding she is hopeless . . . Sitting in Keesal's waiting for your date” . . . Wondering why the class treasurer can't stop asking for dues . . . Being tired selling sandwiches, “chances” and candy and listening to Mrs. Smaller tell how much we still need . . . Wondering if it were really true that a “Skull” only cost a dollar and a half “Why I got it from good authority” . . . Being fitted for a white uniform . . . Waiting for your time “to be up,” . . . Wondering if you will pass State Boards . . . Trying to decide whether you will go back home and do general duty, or stay “on Call” at the hospital . . . July comes and the new internes . . . You stay “on call” and move into 1421—an R.N. Two Hundred Forty-one TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL Class Will LEAH ANDERSON—leaves her boxes from home to anyone with an appetite. DOROTHY BE HR.'—-gladly wills her quietness to Arvell Williams. CHARLOTTE BLYTHE—bequeaths her versatility to “Jo” Krauss. EILEEN CHARLTON—surrenders her coiffure to Helen Beall. ELIZABETH DEREMEIt—leaves a warning “Beware of the Poison-Ivy” along the Wissahickon. BETTY DILKS—leaves her vision of the “Five Fifty Eight to an underclass Prima Donna. YETTA DINNING—wills her office of Presidency to the coming president of the class of '39. ANNE DOCKTOR—happily gives her hen-cackling to Elizabeth Miller. IONA FRYE—bequeaths her dancing toes to Francis Satkowski. MARY GARRETT—gives all her jokes to the Intermediate Class providing they are divided equally. MARION GERHARDT—leaves all her dates hanging in the air. GENEVIEVE GORDON—wills her Special Rx to any one with “Burns. EMMA GROM—bequeaths her “Dutch” accent to Kitty Heron. VIRGINIA GUNTHER—leaves her plans for the future to Betty Stahl. EVA HARPSTER—wills her stateliness to W. Morrison. MARY KAUFMAN—gladly gives her runners, pardon, Snaggs to any one who wants them. JANE LARSON—to the Skuli. Staff of ’39 she wills her photographic ability. They'll need it.” ROWENE LAW -reluctantly gives her “Eve trouble” to E. Stich. THELMA LINSEY—leaves her respect for supervisors to the Intermediates. MARIE MASON—leaves “Owen”—no one anything. EMMA MILLER—sadly wills her grand Nursing ability to the Under Graduate. MARGARET MORRELL—wills her “swiftness” to E. Kramer. GRACE QUINN—wills all her caustic remarks to all those vulnerable. ELEANOR ROTH—bequeaths her petiteness to Marv McFadden. MADELINE SEAS HOLTZ—wills her “hair knot” to Lolly Gembcrling. GRACE SIMPKINS—leaves all her borrowings to whom they may belong. FRANCES SMITH—leaves all her answers and only some of her questions to any one in want. MARTHA SNISCAK—leaves her “Art of raising her eyebrow to “Jo Panzarello.” EDNA STEWART—leaves her—should we say—wittiness to M. Herdman. MARGARET STONAKER—wills her Roller skating parties to any one that can take the bumps. HILDA STULL—refuses to give up Bob but will give her smile to “Marty Hans-berry.” BETTY SWARTLEY—gives her curls to Frances Demme. CHARLOTTE WAGNER—leaves her stinging remarks to the buzzing bees. FLORENCE WORLEY—bequeaths her Motherly instincts to Muriel Moore. RUTH WARTMAN—leaves her fond memories?????? NORMA ZIMMERMAN—wills her characteristic characteristics to Anne Lowrev. T-co Hundred I'orty-txcn SCHOOL 0 F NURSING THE SKULL Class I r o p li e c y LEAH ANDERSON—A successful obstetrician in the City of Brotherly Love. DOROTHY BEIIR—Building an elevator for her two-storv house with her—(shall we say. husband, Dottie?). CHARLOTTE BLYTHE—Traveling far and wide seeking new adventures with Mr. Right.” EILEEN C'lIARLTON—Plates and more plates. What do they tell you, Eileen? ELIZABETH DERE.MER—Flash! Flash!—Phillipsburg wants to know what their red-haired nurse is doing in Dr. Eddie's office—some scandal. JEAN DERK—It used to be Webster who was well-known but our Jean has shortened it somewhat. BETTY DILKS—To the tune of Lohengrin” with that gentleman who prefers this blonde. YETTA DINNING—Would you like a bid to Yetta’s It” Club? ANNE DOCK TOR—Bound for India on her missionary work. IONA FRY—Tying fingers, bandaging toes and why she’s doing it nobody knows. MARY GARRETT—Sun-kissed and husky, returning from her summer camping position. MARION GERHARDT—Trotting a horse over a Kentucky mountain on her mercy ride. GENEVIEVE GORDAN—Carrying her little black bag, bringing health and happiness to her patient in her appointed district. EMMA GROH—Playing bridge four thousand feet above this good old terra firraa. VIRGINIA GUNTHER—Making her debut as a housewife in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania. EVA HARPSTEll—Making a huge success as a public health executive. MARY KAUFFMANN—Still trying to figure out why she took up nursing. ROWENE LAW—His scrub nurse enjoying the slapping with instruments, smell of ether and three minute scrubs. THELMA LINDSEY—Receiving her B.S. as she continues her quest for more surgical knowledge. MARIE MASON—Looking quite chic in her Army nurse’s uniform. EMMA MILLER—Throughout the future as in the past our pal and ideal nurse. GRACE QUINN—Following her profession with Uncle Sam’s Navv. ELEANOR ROTH— Old Sol is now tanning a Mrs. at Ocean City instead of the former Miss Roth. MADELON SEAvSHOLTZ—Patching up crack-ups” in her Port of Lonely Hearts.” GRACE SIMPKINS—Blood counts, chemistry, serology, and analyses and in the midst—Gracie. FRANCES SMITH—“Franny” has weakened bv listening to sweet nothings” from Bob and is now a Mrs. MARTHA SNISCAK—What a Chaunec” she took! Eh. Mart? MARGARET STONAKER -Still defending the wrestling city. HILDA STULL—It must be love. Study—the diamond signifies it. ELIZABETH SWARTLKY—Playing her violin to shorten her ride over the mountains. RUTH WARTMAN—Deciding between two careers—nursing or—? CHARLOTTE WAGNER Choddy is the new physical education teacher at M iddletown. FLORENCE WORLEY'— Mommy” to us once, now Mother” to her own. NORMA ZIMMERMAN—We see Norma in North Carolina saying. What you all doin' ovah theh?” 7 tco JI mi (I rrtl Fo r l l-l h ret- TEMPLE U NIVERSITY The tinder classes THE Class of Thirty-eight, as the time of our student days draws to a close, leaves to those who are to follow all the associations, all the hours of learning, all the moments of application which when all is done lead to the portal beyond which lies the “unknown''—as we depart one by one, we are to enter various fields of life—we pause to say farewell to those who are yet unfinished and with their “bon voyage” we depart, hoping that some day we may meet again. JUNIORS First Bow: Vuckovich, Moron, Ramin, Leeds. Jones, Rowe, Miller. Madison, Bean, Klumpp. Harris, Babyok, Everett. Second Row: Richards, Hankee, Enterline, Blattenberger, McBride, Eck. Diehl, Ploceiki, BrOde, Rcilcy, Sauermnn. Third Row: Elick, Knapp, Bround, Rupert. Foreman. Two Hundred Fort.u-fonr UNDERCLASSES INTERMEDIATES First Row. McCarthy, Hansbcrry, Chomyak, I Owrey, Green, Demme, Reiner, I.oeh, Stick, Herdman, Krauss. Satkowski, Moore. Second Row: J. Smith, Morrison, Bailey, Lupher, MaeFadden, Bartholemew, Kuhn, Roscoc, Means, Miller, Sinclair, Murphy, Olsson, Gullick. Krauser, Bryant, Anderson, Williams, Hopman, Mann, Baldarski, Keller, Snchold, Moore, Gemberling, MaeFadden, Stahl. Third Row: B. Smith, Anderson. Panzarello, Kramer, Aulcnbach, Keener, Starry, Olson, Mathewson, Beall,, Frankhauser, Boutot, Turner. First Row: Keller, I.ewes, Tomascllo, Ripe, Cruller, Miller, Fesslcr, Degler, PROHIPQ Bloomberg, Ilafner, Guano, Buckley, Blacka. ' Second Row: Arnold, Kardihin, Ertel, Cortellini, Comley, Klett, Miller, Keller, Kelly, Stacker, Schracdcr. Two Hundred Forty-five The Hospital Staff RESIDENTS First Itoxo: Ginsburg, Bird, Scott, Vogel, Hayes, E$-slingcr. Second Row: Meatier, Glenn, Tomlinson, M cCravcy , Lynch, Rosemond, Mather, McReynolds. INTERNES Pi rst How: M u s s c 1 rn a n. Moyer, Mark, Beale, Wallis, Kendall. Second Iloto: Schneider, Davey, Schall, Snagg, Meyers, Ewans, Large, Lister. Two Hundred Forty-six . . Words “penned” by “men who WISE WORDS . . . “HUMANITY’S PROBLEMS CAN BE SOLVED BY EDUCATION AND THE RECOGNITION OF UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD”... HIS IDEAL HAS BECOME OUR HERITAGE. rEMPLE MEDICAL THE BEGINNING EVERY success story, every achievement has hidden in its structure a reason for its fulfillment; in individuals it is character, in institutions it is the inculcation of ideals of one or a group whose dreams arc idealistic, whose motives humanitarian, who instill their spirit into an adventure and give it the essentials to succeed. Temple University, School of Medicine grew from a rebellious spirit in a man who was humanitarian to the militant degree. A man who recognized a fact that has existed in the Medical profession and its schools since the School at Kos. At the time of Conwell, especially, medical schools which he knew were very supercilious. In the “City of Doctors,” which was the medical center of the continent, many students sought an education under the great professors; but when they sought admission to the various schools in the city they soon discovered that to be a doctor one must be born into the profession. At least, if one were the son of a physician, he was welcome; if not he waited his turn and was given consideration in accordance as to how many were needed to fill the extra seats . . . merit and ambition were secondary. 1910 SURGERY OF YESTERDAY Being a man having motives in all his actions that were broadly human, Conwell recognized the deplorable situation and decided that he would give these worthy students an opportunity to attain their goal. He would in spite of those who scoffed save for the profession men whose value to the profession would later be proven. Opposed on many fronts, ridiculed bv those “who knew better,’’ Conwell began to collect these less fortunate students and because they were poor boys, who had to work to support themselves, lie formulated a plan for evening education. Early in 1901, the plan was submitted to the Board of Trustees of Temple College and after considerable debate the plan was accepted. Sitting in his office, in the old main college building at Broad and Berks Streets, Conwell proudly announced his scheme to thirty anxious, thankful students. The first dean was appointed, I)r. I. Newton Snively of Medico Chi, who brought with him a group of twenty professors, lecturers, and demonstrators. A curriculum was formulated consisting of a medical course of five years, classes being held in the evening. The early days were those of intense struggle. Ignored by the ' aristocrats'’ of the profession who boasted of their ancient heritage and historical background, the faculty was without a famous name and consisted only of serious workers and students of medicine. Drs. W. V. Babcock, J. B. Roxby, W. Krusen. Wolfe, Snively, Reed and Applegate comprised the major staff. The classes were enlarged by strong willed students who were prone to acquire fellow classmen. This was accomplished by their efforts of persuasion upon those who attended the other medical schools of the city. 1923 TEMPLE’S FIRST DISPENSARY At this time the medical school was the poor sister” of the College and was housed in spare rooms, basements and lofts about the institution. The Samaritan hospital, which at this time became affiliated with the medical school, contributed wards and lecture rooms for practical demonstrations. In the hayloft of the stable, in the rear of the hospital, was found the anatomy lab. and dissecting room. Here twenty tables constructed crudely of planks supported upon “carpenter-horses.” The harness room served as an ampitheater. Seats were constructed in the form of steps and here anatomy lectures and demonstrations were held. Mr. Emil Kunzman, embalming technician at Medico Chi, supplied the cadavers at a Hat rate per subject. To this hayloft, came the students three nights a week over a two year period . . . a little stove downstairs supplied the heat in the winter ... in the hot weather “we sweltered” beneath a blistering roof. The first graduating class to leave the medical department consisted of two students, who were admitted to advanced standing. They were Dr. Ferdinand II. Dammash, who is now Medical Director of the State of Oregon and Dr. Henry Gold, who died shortly after graduation. The first graduation exercises were held in 1904. The following year two more students were graduated. In 1900, the first class to receive its entire training in Temple was graduated. It consisted of fourteen members numbered among which were two women, Drs. Sara Allen and Marv E. Shepard. FIFTEEN YEARS XC'.O GARRETSON ANATOMY LAB. 1915 However, it was found that many students had difficulty in obtaining licensure in many states due to non-recognition of the night school principle and again there arose the rumor, “I heard Temple will have to close.” Students were urged to attend day-classes, and they responded according to necessity and night school was discontinued in 1909. During this time the Garretson Hospital was acquired for teaching purposes and the Philadelphia Dental College became affiliated with the University. The lecture halls of the Dental College were placed at the disposal of the Medical School and the building became known as Medical Hall. In the basement of Garretson Hospital the anatomy dissecting room was outfitted and provided facilities far removed from the “old Hayloft.” In 1909, Dr. Frank Hammond was made Dean of the Medical School. Bv this time the student body had increased to two hundred thirty-two and the faculty now numbered eighty . . . Under Dr. Hammond began a drive that was to end nineteen years later, it was recognition as a Class A. medical school. Through the combined efforts of Dr. Hammond and his Assistant Dr. William Parkinson, a campaign was instituted for such rapid improvement and change that the medical school became vividly alive and one of the most progressive in the field of medicine. In 1928, the Medical School was honored by the examiners of the American Medical Association and granted a Class A rating. In the fall of 1929, ground was broken at Broad and Ontario Streets, opposite the Samaritan Hospital and the present building constructed as the cost of a million and a half dollars. In dedication exercises Dr. William Mayo struck the keynote in Temple's Spirit, when he said, “Built on Idealism, Temple University has carried with it a conception of education, both cultural and medical, which is truly on the university basis; with long painstaking effort has raised its medical school to the rank of a Class A institution. We acknowledge America’s indebtedness to the spiritual ideal which had made possible these material results before which we stand today.” Today, in less than forty years, when the present institution was a wild dream, let us compare what was then and now: A medical school active and progressive beyond equal—Equipment completely individualized for the student—Professors carefully chosen from clinics all over the world —A hospital to which physicians and surgeons wend their way to have the privilege of attending clinics—A center of Surgical and Medical conventions—A Staff progressive, pioneering and cn- MBDICAL SCHOOL OF VESTER YEAR thusiastic—Today application for admission to Temple Medical School number more than twenty-five hundred, yet only one hundred may gain admittance—Where once she was a “poor sister of the college, she is now carefully nutured and is the boast of the University. The rise of Temple Medical School is truly phenomenal, the only danger facing her is the loss of the Spirit which Conwell breathed into her. However as long as those who guide her destiny are men of the type of Charles E. Henry, William X. Parkinson, Frank Hammond, W. Wayne Babcock, and J. B. Roxby, the possibility of such a disaster is completely nil. TIIR TEMPLE OF TODAY The Making % EUGENE H. POOLE President American Collet e of Surgeons OF A SURGEON IT IS popularly believed that a surgeon, like a poet or musician, is born, not made; but in reality every detail of bis development is the result of long continued effort and concentrated purpose. He is an artificial, not a natural product. But it must not be inferred that extrinsic influences are wholly responsible for his development. His progress for the most part is dependent upon self-training. During the period of preparation, organized medical education is mainly responsible, but it becomes progressively less important as the specialized field is entered and followed. In the preparatory period the function of organized education is clear cut: in the period of specialization it is confused and uncertain; so much so, that there is perennial discussion as to what should constitute the training of a surgeon. Let us view the problem from the standpoint of him who is being trained. Let us put ourselves in his position, and travel along the paths which he must tread. In order to secure a contemporaneous viewpoint, rather than one in retrospect, I stimulated our house officers to analyze the problem, and to record the queries which arose during their discussions. We can perhaps profit by the friendly cogitations of this composite young surgical mind. It is usually while he is still in school that a boy elects medicine as his profession. His reasons vary widely. He thinks, perhaps, that he may thereby secure an established social position; or he hopes by it to achieve some mechanical adroitness. Perhaps his father says of him, Charlie can do anything with his hands. He has done all our repairs since he was eight years old.” But the most universally controlling motive is humanitarian: an indefinite hope of contributing to the welfare of mankind. It may originate in the memory and inspiration of the kindly old Txco Hundred Fifty-eight- The Making of a Surgeon gentleman who drove out one night to treat him for croup; a man who, he had observed—like fan McLaren’s Doctor MacLurc—“did his best for the need of every man, woman and child in this straggling district, year in, year out. in the snow and in the heat, in the dark and in the light, without rest and without holiday for forty years. It was michty tae see him come: the varra look o' him was victory. So the bov elects medicine, without carefully weighing the duration and intensity of the struggle, without due consideration of the financial strain. lie enters college actuated by an ideal. I'or two to three and a half years he must devote much of his time to premedical courses. He docs not appreciate what a medical career involves and in many instances it is only after years of effort that he finds the life is not what he anticipated. Would it not be well for his college at the outset to inform him as to the true conditions? Should not a kindly soul explain to all premedical students the struggle, competition, expense and doubtful rewards; not with the view of discouraging a serious aspirant, but as a matter of justice, and to prevent disappointment and waste? In his college course the young man should receive a broad training. A thorough knowledge of English, philosophy, mathematics, economics, and the languages will in the long run, be of more value than a smattering of biology and zoology. Should not sculpture and the art of drawing and painting be more highly regarded, combining as they do, dexterity with an esthetic outlook? “Colleges”, said Emerson, “can only highly serve us when they aim not to drill but to create: when they gather from far every ray of various genius to their hospitable halls and bv the concentrated fires set the hearts of their youth on flame. The premedical requirements appear to me too ambitious and too highly specialized, and for this opinion I find support in the Report of the Commission on Medical Education, which emphasizes the lack of proper motivation of the premedical science training in many Colleges, and states that much of the science teaching is presented from the special interest of the teacher or department. Organic chemistry, the Commission finds, is frequently taught from the standpoint of industrial uses, and much of the teaching of inorganic chemistry emphasizes its commercial applications. An adequate knowledge of the principles and methods of these sciences for the purposes of medical education could probably be secured in less time than is now required “if the courses were focused upon the needs of the student. The objective should be a broad general education. An intellectual attitude, common sense, the knowledge of people, of the humanities, of one's self, will be more useful than premature specialized training in preparing the student for a successful and helpful career. Specialized training should come more slowly, and by absorption and election. Science is a strong draught which often intoxicates the immature mind. Its study should not be prejudicial to cultural development and the appreciation of the beauties of life. The development of a surgeon must be of many years' duration, and the early years must of necessity be lean and unproductive. Therefore the plan of education should be laid for a long race. “The heights by great men reached and kept Were not attained by sudden flight, But they, while their companions slept, Were toiling upward in the night.” My views in this respect are at variance with those commonly accepted and followed. Note, for instance, the system in England. A boy often has completed his premedical course on entering the university; there, he customarily devotes all of STEEI, The Making of a Surgeon his time to the medical sciences. He thus may embark on clinical work on quitting the university at 21 or 22 years of age. This is an extreme form of the early specialization which I condemn. “What medical school shall I enter?” the enthusiastic young Sir Galahad asks. I am at last on my own, with the world at my feet.” But how hopes are to be shattered! Some months after his application, months of fretting and uncertainty, a curt message tells him that he has not been accepted by the school of his choice. In the leading schools only one in ten is taken. lie must try, and perhaps keep on trying elsewhere, until at last he is privileged to enter a school. Although I recognize the great difficulties confronting the authorities in making their selections I fear there is not always the kindliness and judgment shown which should guide those who decide the destinies of young men. Every candidate should find a welcoming, not a repelling or suspicious atmosphere. It is generally believed that “the type of student who studies medicine is determined bv the professional opportunities and social recognition of the physician.” While this is to some extent true, in the last analysis it is the instructors in the premedical courses of our colleges who select the future doctors of the country, because the medical colleges rely largely upon their recommendations in selecting candidates. It is a question whether these men recognize their responsibility and give sufficient thought to the qualifications of candidates beyond the question of marks. They should be instructed as to the importance of their influence and to be made more cooperative. Where a medical school is associated with a university it would be advisable for its science instructors to participate in the premedical science courses in the .college. This would not only be an inspiration to the young man, but would also aid in the selection of the proper candidates. The undergraduate surgical courses are pretty well standardized, and the same principles and policies prevail in most schools. A perusal of the remarkable comprehensive report of the Commission of Medical Education, published in 1932, shows what immense efforts are being made towards perfecting the undergraduate courses in our medical schools. It is well recognized that the fundamental purpose of medical education is to provide enough competent men to meet the needs of the community for the care of the sick and the prevention and control of disease; and that the method should be to teach the man to think for himself, not, as of old, to cram his mind full of facts. There seems little of importance to criticize, although we still hear discussions as to details. It is often stated that anatomy has become slighted, yet it must be recognized that the weight of the curriculum as a result of the many added routine courses now makes it impossible to train all students, as of old, in the details of anatomy. Therefore, the surgical aspirant must supplement application of anatomy to surgery. The same may be said of physiology which, I think, is equally important. Pathology is perhaps being unwisely curtailed. Undue weight is placed on rare diseases, because they interest the instructor. It is more important to teach the differentiation of carcinoma of the rectum from hemorrhoids than to put the young man ever on the alert to recognize a sacrococcygeal chordoma. There does not appear to be sufficient coordination among the various departments in their teaching; moreover, the pendulum has swung too far away from didactic teaching, and the lecture has received too severe an indictment. Personal contacts with mature experienced clinicians are neglected, and the young man of relative inexperience is given too prominent a place as a teacher. Experience, mellowness, stability from years of struggle and strife are not sufficient MOORE Iv appreciated and used. It is better for the student in his early years to be a hero worshiper than an iconoclast. The medical degree is at last his, but this, he realizes, is only the beginning. He faces the problem of obtaining an internship, to learn the practical uses of his theoretical knowledge. It is fortunate that about 95 per cent of graduates obtain this opportunity. Graduate study then begins. In the case of surgery it seems obvious, though not generally aecepted, that in some part of his training he should become thoroughly familiar with the human body and its general deviations from normal. This demands an intimate knowledge of internal medicine, psychiatry and pathology. At least one year on a medical service should he elected at the outset, special attention being directed to the heart and lungs. If delayed, it will never be done. The man thus gains a first hand working knowledge of the unit on which he is to do his life work. I maintain that successful surgery depends largely upon anticipating and avoiding troubles, and recognizing and treating complications in their incipency. The surgeon, then, must he expert with the stethoscope and with general changes in the condition of tiie patient. He must have the mind and eye of an internist, the hand of a surgeon. The interests of the patient are best conserved if all cases are followed and treated by the internist and surgeon together. Hut this is possible only in institutional and group medicine. Therefore, the surgeon should be so equipped medically that he can recognize at the first signs that something is wrong, and pretty much what is wrong. While every surgeon recognizes that his actions and words often have a profound influence on the patient, this is not sufficient. He should be familiar with the peculiarities of the mind which are classified under such terms as neurosis, psychosis and hysteria. We are all more or less unconsciously psychiatrists, but there should be a deliberate and planned effort to make the young man a good psychiatrist, and for this he should have formal training. A more general adoption of this principle would probably minimize the activities of the cults. We might profit by Ruskin’s observation, “That to use books rightly is to go to them for help, to appeal to them when our knowledge and power of thought fails: to be led by them into wider sight—purer conception—than our own, and receive from them the united sentence of the judges and councils of all time against our solitary and unstable opinions.” The problem as to an internship centers upon the type of service. In the average hospital the internship affords an admirable training in the fundamentals of surgery, though it does not make a surgeon; under the resident system the resident obtains a supertraining, the intern as a rule relatively little; indeed, it is said that the resident often makes the life of the intern one of misery. It is pretty well established that there is a place for both systems. However, the actual details as to their best practical application appear nowhere to have been perfected. The intern plan is traditional and has been in vogue since the earliest days of American hospitals. Radical changes seem indicated; to these we shall refer later. With the resident system is closely linked the full time policy which in practice has offered certain advantages, notably, more supervision, teaching and research. But, whereas devised to correct an evil, it has in some instances become an evil. Many surgical departments are now so large and many sided that there must be a full time director. Hut should the great contributor or research worker, who is as rare as the great composer, be obliged to spend his time on administration work? No! He should be carefully nurtured like a rare plant. It is as appropriate to put The Making of a Surgeon LEF.DOM The Making of a Surgeon EMICH him in charge of the details of laboratories, museums, elementary teaching and questions of discipline, as to put a Wagner in charge of music in a girl's seminary. While the administrative head of the surgical department in the larger institutions must devote his whole time to the service, it is problematic how far the full time principle should be extended beyond this. The question obviously has not been satisfactorily answered, since we see in every progressive institution frequent changes in its methods. My own conviction is that certain of the young men should be on full time—Fellows, if you please—also the younger attendants, who might be allowed to practice in the institution. The upper group should be on part time. I believe that men who have struggled in the competition of practice, and have survived, arc in general better qualified to tell the young man who is embarking on practice what are the problems, and how they should be met, than is the sequestered hermit who has never been out of a hospital or off a salary. The interne should be taught to recognize that every surgeon should be impregnated with the tenets of pathology. Surgery and pathology have been closely linked from the beginning. As you must recall, Bichat, the father of modern histologic pathology, would probably have died unsung had it not been for his contact with Pierre Desault and the inspiration he received from that master surgeon. In recent developments surgery has been advanced quite as much by the miscroseope as by the knife. I feel that the laboratories of a hospital should be the hub, intellectually and physically, from which all else radiates; and, reciprocally, that all paths should be planned to lead to them, so that in the course of his daily perambulations the clinician perforce finds himself in juxtaposition with the laboratories; that the laboratories be directed by a broad-minded leader who will welcome the clinician and give willingly of his time. In a word, the laboratory should be the vitalizing force of the institution. Philosophy, erudition, research, encouragement, should there be found. The clinician without this stimulus will in general have a narrow limited viewpoint. On the other hand, such daily contacts will lead him from the narrow confines of pure clinicisra (if I may coin a word) into the limitless expanses of scientific and philosophical thought. Intimate contacts should be encouraged; these arc possible only by rubbing heads over the same eyepiece. If this attitude does not prevail, there is a tendency to become more and more a technician and rule of thumb clinician with a narrowing in breadth and lowering of ideals. Our young man—though now some thirty years of age—is at last faced with the problem of shifting for himself. What does he find? The field of medicine is overcrowded, if we may accept such an authority as the Commission on Medical Education. There is every reason to believe that the specialty of surgery is particularly overcrowded. It affords unusual attractions through its spectacular aspects, its rapid and clear cut results, its greater financial rewards. The oversupply of physicians in this country, estimated at 25,000, is most marked in densely settled areas. There should be greater efforts to influence a larger number of recent graduates to enter the rural districts. They should be informed as to the needs and opportunities and even trained for such work as has been done in some of the smaller schools. The vast extension of knowledge and technical developments in recent years makes it impossible for any man to be experienced in all branches. Specialization has therefore become necessary, hut it has been overdone. Twenty years ago the general surgeon performed tonsil and mastoid operations as well as gynecologic, ttrologic, neurologic and orthopedic surgery. It became evident that the welfare of the’patient was not met by such widespread activities. Gradually the field has been subdivided, until now we have the hand, plastic, hernia, breast, rectal and thyroid specialists, and we may expect, if the tendency is not arrested, a further extension of specialism into even more minute subdivisions. Such extreme limitation is stultifying and unnecessary. Under these conditions the surgeon becomes almost exclusively a craftsman. Such a man cannot be a real teacher or director. Some specialization is essential with the proviso that the specialist has had a preliminary general surgical training. We have all been called upon to remove a jugular vein after a mastoid operation and to do a jcjunostpmy after a hysterectomy, the specialist not trusting himself beyond his limited field; and how often are we called upon to correct the mistakes of the casual operator? Our composite young mind, which suggested many of my topics, framed the question, What place does research or experimental surgery occupy in the surgeon’s training? The answer calls for a subdivision of surgery; first, the purely clinical, which includes the casual operator, and second, those who are inherently investigative; the ones who will become notable teachers, trail-blazers and leaders. For the former, rule of thumb methods, obtained from the text-book, arc satisfying; for the latter, everything seems imperfect; in them there is an ever present urge for improvement. The impulse is irresistable, and, as in philosophy is the search for truth, not self-exploitation. Thus it depends upon the man. Me who does research for selfexploitation had better leave it alone. He who does research from an impelling and irresistible impulse will profit greatly as a result of justifiable efforts. I do not subscribe to the prevailing attitude in regard to research, that he who abuses a dog is necessarily a scientist and research worker, but he who performs worthily upon man is something to be despised; or that the laboratory is necessarily superior to the operating room as a means of learning to care for human ills and adding to our knowledge of man and his defects. No! Basic contributions are frequent through clinical observation and study, and often constitute research of a high grade. Know then thyself, presume not God to scan: The proper study of mankind is man.” Conditions of investigation or research now differ radically from tlie earlier days of medical progress. In the past, individuals pursued lines of investigation relatively unaided. Now, the important problems demand group effort. Take, for instance, the question of neoplasms. Vast progress certainly has been made during the fourscore years since modern pathology was initiated by Virchow's contribution on cellular pathology. The cell is still the unit or yardstick, but it is not its physical qualities alone which are now satisfying: its life and habits, its physiology arc calling for study. The biology of the cell under normal and pathologic conditions may be accepted as the most important scientific problem of to-day. Many phases of specialized knowledge are necessary to pursue this study, including pathology, chemistry, hematology, physiology and biophysics. This implies cooperative effort. But it may well be expected that ns masses of facts are accumulated. another Darwin, with speculative attributes and a judicial mind, will link them into a coordinated web to explain the lawless cell development in the phenomenon known as cancer. Although it is not primarily a question for the educator, there is one of vital importance to the young man—how to meet the financial burden of the nine or ten years from school through his interneship; years when the self-respecting man The Making of a Surgeon BABCOCK The Making wants to be self-supporting and, in most instances, must be self-supporting. At of a Surgeon - ie a e 27 he finds himself theoretically qualified to earn a living in surgery. In reality he cannot expect an appreciable income from private patients much before the age of 40. He wants to know how he can live during this period—which, however, must be a period of preparation, not of waiting. During it, nice judgment is essential to make the minutes count. During this period, character, breadth of mind, knowledge of life are more important than at any other time, and are dependent largely upon his early training, which we have recommended should be broadly planned for these attributes. This financial obstacle naturally limits the field materially, and it is found that more and more promising candidates drop out, either from necessity or lack of staying powers. Salaried jobs, governmental positions, private practice, personal indulgences, even an independent personal income, deflect them from the single minded pursuit of a surgical career, which means constant sacrifice, incessant work, and intelligent selection of the lines of effort. Conditions are so rapidly changing in all phases of life that future developments are impossible to foresee. The relation of the profession to the public, as it affects medical practice, is fraught with uncertainty. Industrial and compensation surgery and group medicine are among the factors which are already affecting practice. But the situation in regard to surgery is fairly clear. That pecuniary returns from private practice will diminish progressively seems certain; the public cannot and will not pay the fancy figures of the past. Moreover, the profession itself is beginning to frown upon the debasement of its reputation and dignity by profiteering. Consequently, commercialism, while not wiped out, will be far less of a temptation than in the past. Idealism and altruism will become more and more the dominating incentives. The high salaries which are paid in some schools to full time clinical workers are sure to be brought more to the plane of the salaries paid to similar grades in the nonclinical departments. The universities are feeling the pinch of the times and this will be one of the first means of curtailing expenses. Further, the 67 four-year schools are now quite adequately supplied with highly trained and competent men in charge of their surgical departments; therefore, there is not the same need as at the early part of the century for training a considerable number of men for academic lives. While each university must develop some younger teachers, only a very few of these will have opportunities for acadmic careers. The school must, however, turn out a considerable number of capable surgeons to meet the needs of the community. Certainly the weakest link in the chain of medical education is in postgraduate surgery. It is well nigh impossible under present conditions to provide operative instruction. A man cannot perform passably or safely as an operator without considerable experience. Theoretically, postgraduate courses which include viewing operations or even assisting at operations give a man a dangerous self-confidence and false sense of security. We must face the fact that these men have the right to do surgery and are determined to do it. We must, therefore, accept the obligation of making them safe; in other words, training must be provided. The great teaching institutions are inadequate for this purpose. There are, however, vast facilities in the numerous nonacademic hospitals throughout the country. These should be organized and used for the purpose. The present form of internship is wasteful and should be modified so that the material is shared between interns and other graduate students. The latter ASTLEY should be signed up for a relatively long period and be allowed to operate under instruction and supervision, emphasis being placed as much upon principles as upon technic. The result of their efforts should weigh in the decision as to their qualifications as surgeons. Efforts should be more active to control the character of surgery and to protect the public from the incompetent and casual operator. Of course, this applies chiefly in the urban and other thickly populated districts, for in certain rural districts the general practitioner must do everything. The license to practice medicine should not include the privilege of doing surgery. In medicine, most conditions being self-limited, a poor practitioner is rarely a serious menace; but give him a scalpel with a patient under an anesthetic and he is dangerous beyond measure. A man before embarking on surgery should have something more than a medical degree. A certification or registration based upon training, character and ability should be required. The qualifying and examining of a candidate should be the function of the profession. When the profession has established a standard, its enforcement might well be in the province of the State. We may feel encouraged by the fact that progress in this direction has already been made. An American Board of Surgery is planned to carry out these principles. It should do much to correct this evil and should therefore receive our unqualified support. The young men for three to five years after their internship might well act as apprentices. This would cut in on the work of the intern staff and attend-ings, but would do much if adopted by a large number of independent hospitals to meet the minimum requirements to practice surgery. In other words, three years devoted to assisting, operating under supervision, diagnosis, anteoperative and postoperative training should be required to obtain a surgical certificate. Only with such a certificate should a man be qualified to perform major surgery. Our system is antiquated and has not met modern developments. Other countries, led by Denmark, have developed regulations for recognition as a specialist. They have recognized the indications and have met them by appropriate laws, which it would be well for us to study. The history of surgery, as we know it, did not exist until the knowledge of bacterial influences and the development of anesthesia quickly changed a limited mechanical field into a vast science. Therefore, for many years operative technic and the evolution of new and simpler operations constituted the teaching of surgery. With the relative standardization of technic and of routine operative procedures, this phase is quickly picked up and taught. Diagnosis, judgment and postoperative management cannot be taught, they must be acquired. Original work must be inspired. But example and encouragement must be alive and ever alert to recognize and nurture the rare youth with the essential qualities. Teaching surgery is really a misnomer. Although the surgeon is made and not begotten, and the making in the advanced stages is dependent upon himself, is subjective rather than objective—yet opportunity, help and encouragement are factors which count. As this is not a lecture to the young man nor a sermon to my peers, I shall not dwell upon the personal attributes such as character, industry, kindliness and tact, which contribute so much to the individual's success. We may accept as the impelling motive the thought phrased bv Phillips Brooks, “No man has come to true greatness who has not felt in some degree that his life belongs to his race and that what God gives him he gives for mankind. The Making of a Surgeon FRICK THE SPECIALTIES THE SKULL JOHN M. WAUGH, M.D., Division of Surgery, The Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota TIIE medical student of today, nearing graduation, is confronted with a real problem. Shall he specialize or shall he engage in general practice? It is essential that he answer this question for himself. Surely he is not qualified to choose his life work without some exposure to it. Thus it is probably best for the senior student to postpone his decision and concentrate on obtaining the best rotating general internship, of eighteen months or two years in length, that it is possible for him to secure. Only after intimate contact with all the specialities such as this training affords can he be certain of the one most pleasant for him to pursue and to which he is naturally best suited. After working in all of them, frequently he will find to his amazement that the field he favors is not that which he would have chosen as a student, and he may even discover that general practice holds more for him than any one single specialty. Perhaps a brief discussion of a few of the features that apparently influence medical students toward a specialty will help the new graduate to weigh in relation to himself the; relative attributes of the various fields of medicine. At the present time the public, especially in the cities, is already or fast becoming specialist conscious. What medical student has not frequently been asked by his nonmedical friends whether or not he planned to be a specialist? Other insinuations, possibly dropped inadvertently by his medical instructors, gradually force the thought of engaging in general practice to the tail position, only to be resorted to after all opportunities to specialize are lost. This attitude should be corrected for several reasons. General practice obviously is difficult. Few specialists are as deserving of praise as the really successful. conscientious and scientific general practitioner. General practice should not be the place for those graduates who have inferior records or personalities, for in no field of medicine must the doctor be as generally well trained, resourceful, humane and likable as in general practice. The public, unfortunately, has become so specialist-minded that even with the slightest ailment they rush blindly to one and are charged a fee commensurate with his training when probably 75 per cent of their illness could be adequately and skillfully handled by the well-trained general practitioner. This is probably one of the causes of the present feeling that medical fees are too high, for this unrest is practically limited to the cities whereas, in the smaller communities, there is satisfaction because for the most part people obtain good care from the general practitioner at a fair fee. Unquestionably there is a great need for well-trained general practitioners in our cities. The hope of a practice limited to office hours with no emergency or night work frequently lures the uninitiated into a specialty. But the young man will soon learn that there is no field in medicine which does not have its occasional emergency, from which he will be free only after his practice warrants his securing an assistant. The otolaryngologist will have ears to lance, the ophthalmologist foreign bodies to remove, and yes, even the dermatologist an occasional urticaria to treat. What general practitioner does not have as good hours as the obstetrician or pediatrician? In addition, the specialist, particu- Txco Hundred Sixty-fix s C H 0 0 I 0 F MEDICINE THE SPECIALTIES THE larly the young man, will he required to consume much time and study as well in teaching and research, all of which more or less balances the longer hours and wide field of study required of the general practitioner. Many young men choose a specialty in the hope of more material gains than result from general work. A careful analysis of this supposed attribute, however, will raise considerable speculation as to its likelihood. Fortunately for both the public and the medical profession, the day of enormous fees is over, mainly because there is now keen competition in all the specialties. The man who specializes will consume in the neighborhood of ten years (three to five years’ post-graduate training plus five to seven years struggling for practice) before finding his income adequate for comfortable living. True enough, it is probably from this point on, his gross income will exceed that of his classmate who is in general practice, but. because of lower living expenses and office rent prevailing in smaller communities, the latter is very likely to accumulate more of an estate when the age for retirement comes. Pehaps fame may beckon the recent graduate to a specialty, and today more contributions arc doubtless made by specialists because of their greater facilities for research. One cannot overlook, however, such general practitioners as William Beaumont, Ephraim McDowell, and James Marion Sims. How long will it be before a trained obstetrician gets a similar opportunity as was so capably handled by Dr. Allan Dafoe? If the specialties cannot guarantee an office practice, large income, or fame, what then is their attraction? The advantages are real and worth-while, for. by specializing, the young man during his most productive years has the opportunity to confine most of his effort and all of his research to one field. In a lifetime, he has the privilege of digesting all the contributions made before him and possibly of consolidating them with a few facts that he has been able to work out himself. By confining himself to a single field, and by constant work and study in it, he develops a certain subconscious sureness and confidence that is unknowingly conveyed to his patients. This is especially helpful to the young man, and no doubt he would frequently lack it in his endeavor to cover the fields of a general practice. There is also a great deal to be said in favor of group practice, and, by choosing a specialty, one may possibly have the opportunity of collaborating with men who are similarly trained in other fields, to the common good. The proper attitude to be assumed by the recent graduate, who is about to specialize, is not what the specialties offer him but what he has to offer them. Is he certain that he is mentally and physically endowed better to pursue his chosen field than any other? If not he may very soon become stale or bored and too late find that he is unable to carry on research and the teaching of younger men, which his preceptors expected and which is so vital to the upbuilding of any specialty as well as every specialist’s responsibility. Has he an adequate foundation in general medicine, surgery and other specialities so that he is capable of setting himself up as an expert in a respective field vet retaining and obtaining enough knowledge of the other branches of medicine in order that he may best serve his patients? In the final analysis, the specialties apparently offer a return proportionate to the effort expended on them. It is well to remember that it is probably easier for the average student to be an ordinary specialist than a good general practitioner. Honest, diligent, conscientious service is the key to real success in any branch of medicine. Two Hundred Sixty-seven TEMPLE UNIVERS SKULL I T Y A Physician Looks at the Hospital Interne “The Hospital is the only place for the training of a true son of Aesculapius.” . . . John Abernethy. DURING the last months of the senior's year in medical school, hard working and nerve frazzled students have added to their cares the question of selecting and being selected for an internship. They find that the competition is keen and that somewhat to their surprise the educational advantages offered by hospitals are in no way standard. Some provide in addition to the experience offered, an honorarium, but the keen student seeking an interne place soon discovers that there exists an inverse proportion between the salary offered and the experience likely to be received. In better hospitals while uniforms and maintenance are usually furnished there is no remuneration or stipend. This is as it should be providing the educational atmosphere of the hospital is high and the moral obligation of educating the interne is properly recognized. Graduates of Class A medical schools can almost without exception qualify from an educational standpoint to meet the requirements of an internship, but the diptera in the unguent is that the problem is largely one of matching personalities of hospitals and internes. It can be truthfully said that an interne may be unhappy and inefficient in one hospital atmosphere while in another his career may be highly satisfactory and successful. The hospital examination, therefore, for the selection of internes has as its chief aim to endeavor to select internes of such personality equipment as will fit a particular hospital. For example, in a large institution, municipal or state, wherein there is a wealth of clinical material and to which chiefs come thrice weekly, an interne must possess certain qualities of initiative, judgment and industry which are not required in a smaller institution where staff supervision is more constant. The interne, who, in a very large institution, incised a popliteal aneurysm believing it to be an abscess, would have been properly directed in the small hospital and hence his post-graduate experience should have been sought in the latter instead of the former type of institution. Some young doctors have a mistaken idea that the surest method of learning medicine is to be allowed to perform, without direction, major and minor surgery and to be given a group of medical patients to treat without supervision. This plan is entirely incorrect pedagogically. While an interne may after many failures develop for himself some personal therapeutic precepts, he may obtain this end more quickly and in a much more certain way bv means of example and instruction from his chief. Internes, therefore, should court, rather than shun, the closest of staff supervision and should welcome correction even though it is not imparted in a tactful way, as happens on some occasions. Hence, young graduates in medicine seeking hospital experience should learn not only the relative merits of the hospital as a teaching institution, but also should inform themselves as to the requirements relative to the frequency of the visits of the members of the staff. The hospital contract with the interne is often a curious, one-sided instrument. The hospital requires the prospective interne to agree to obey rules, to continue on service until his residency is finished and to conform in all other ways to the regulations of the institution, but there the contract ends. There is usually no reference made to a promise by the hospital to provide good food, comfortable living quarters and, most important of all, a planned and effective educational course during his one or two years stay. Most hospital contracts of this sort represent a sort of “heads I win, tails you lose” proposition. State boards of medical education have endeavored to require Two Hundred Sixty-eight s c H 0 O L 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL . . . THE HOSPITAL INTERNE hospitals to possess a qualified personnel and physical equipment for the training of internes, but these units of measurement have often proven most ineffective. I have mentioned some traits which the hospital should display which purports to be suitable for the training of internes. I have not felt it necessary to insist that an adequate institutional physical plant is important; it is not a sine qua non of a good internship but is nonc-the-less important. Now what of the other party of the contract—the interne? The first requisite of a good and successful interne is good health. While under-graduate days arc too crowded with work, hospital days and nights require even greater physical stamina. Many institutions subject incoming internes, along with all other additions to their personnel, to a thorough physical examination which includes an x-ray examination of the chest as well as various types of immunization. While good health is important, this possession fades into insignificance beside some other more abstract qualities to which allusion will now be made. The successful interne, must possess, above all else, integrity of character. He does not permit himself to be led into petty, unethical and unmoral acts. He spurns the acceptance of money for performing his duty as an interne. If mistakes are made, he frankly confesses them. lie looks the whole hospital personnel frankly in the face, without pride, without false justification for his actions, without illusions as to his ability to make mistakes. He is candid, honest, fair, with whom he deals. He obeys hospital rules because he recognizes that they are the regulations bv which the game is played. He knows the meaning of the term “good sportsmanship. He has the correct understanding of the purpose of the hospital. He knows that if he is to receive much, lie must give much. He realizes that the treatment of patients is his first aim, and that his education will be a valuable by-product which is produced in proportion to the excellence of the care he renders his patient. He does not inflict any treatment upon a patient which does not promise to help, even though by doing so he may acquire experience in the unknown. He does not experiment unwisely. He possesses a personal code of ethics which has, as its cornerstone, dealing with each patient as if she or he were his own sister or brother. He realizes that deeper wounds may be made by unkind and sarcastic words than by the keenest scalpel. He exemplifies in each day’s work a high spirit of humanitarianism, of kindliness, of understanding, of the fears and hopes of those unfortunates who are placed in his care, who must, under the circumstances, trust him, and who are to establish within themselves a spirit of well-being born of faith. He has a zeal for knowledge which is never satisfied. Each case stimulates hours of reading. He attends meetings, and is an active participant. He compiles a case notebook for reference in after years. His industry can be fully encompassed only by the twenty-four hours of each day of his interneship. Finally, a hospital interne possessing these traits will succeed if he remembers that those about, him, including his chiefs, are human beings with human defects, if he can give as well as take, if he develops a policy of appropriating unto himself the good qualities of those round about and just as constantly rejects the questionable ones. If he learns that while the dollar is necessary to maintain physical life it offers little nourishment for the soul and that no amount of money can recompense him for an unethical or an unmoral act. Hospital patients should not be classified as interesting conditions of lungs, kidneys, hearts, and livers, nor should patients be graded as those who arc interesting because they are wealthy or those who may be treated with indifference because they arc poor. The lessons which the hospital interne may learn, do not consist entirely in skill gained by the mere handling of drugs and surgical instilments. A hospital year is a post-graduate course in the university of life where the chief book studied is that of the psychology of human beings who arc ill. Having delved deeply into this volume, success in medicine will follow almost as certainly as dawn succeeds dark. Joseph C. Doane, M.D., F.A.C.P. Tico Hundred Sixty-nine temple university Modical Education Today Jhf THOMAS KLEIN, M. D. WITH the ever increasing progress in diagnostic medicine, the problem of the proper training of medical students to meet these requirements is steadily growing more complex. Especially is this true when all the subject matter must be crowded into a period of four academic years. With this in mind, my feelings are that one of two things must be done. Firstly, we may limit our teaching to more of the essential elementary medicine, which will suffice in many ways to turn out physicians fully capable of caring for the routine illnesses. In so doing, men, who are desirous of learning the finer aids in diagnosis and treatment, will seek these in our post-graduate schools. Secondly, we may undertake a complete revision of our present setup in medical education particularly in reference to the pre-medical course. It would appear that the students spend too much time on relatively unimportant subjects during their four years of pre-medical education. A plan, whereby they would spend two years in pre-medical work and then six years in medical school, would be far superior to the present method. Such a plan would put men into their life’s work and study while still at an age when youthful enthusiasm is high. It would pass over the pre-clinical years, which after all are full of drudgery, during this period of enthusiasm. They could then spend the remaining four years in clinical work and at the time of graduation be more basically fit than they are today. However, since this plan is not feasible for the present, those of us who are teachers must constantly reflect back upon our student days or else wc tend to forget the student’s viewpoint. We unconsciously go too deeply into each subject taught. We endeavor to teach the student as much about the particular subject matter as we ourselves have obtained by years of study and practical experience. We spend entirely too much time upon the intricacies of diagnosis and take pride in forcing these facts upon our students. This is especially true in the highly specialized branches of medicine. The student’s brain cannot possibly retain such facts and definite measures should be taken to curtail this type of teaching. At the present time the medical curriculum is entirely too heavy for the average man. The constant overload is causing too many of the students to break in health. All one needs to do is to look at the faces of senior students to know that, for many of them, a large part of their health and future ambition have been spent by the time of graduation. If a six year medical course could be adopted, at least the last year could be made partially or wholly elective. Such a spread would give us better prepared and healthier young physicians. The students themselves should remember at all times the fact that all any of his teachers can hope to do, is to start them off upon a good fundamental foundation. Those of them who wish to be better than the average must be constant, observing, and indefatigable workers. Their period of study and “the burning of mid-night oil have only just begun. Those who rest upon their laurels will soon be buried in mediocrity. Two Hundred Seventy s c H 0 0 I. O F medicine Philosophical Musing by DR. HUGO ROESLER nOt'1ST should not be more than viligaiicc; as a chrome attitude it is unhealthy. Life’s greatest defense is the attitude of the “as if , i.e., we are full of fictitious concepts: our health will be good, the enemies will die, we reach immortality by having children or writing books, another system of government will work better, there is justice, and so forth ad infinitum. They gossip at meetings and cocktail parties of the changing order of things, not feeling the trembling of the fundamentals. A country has the doctors it deserves. Doctors can be plotted in the form of a distribution curve, at one end of which are the saints, and at the other the criminals. To praise any specific form of government indicates prejudice or intellectual myopia. All that one mav state is—that any given form of government may be desirable in the beginning, all right for some time, and then finally it outlives itself. Why should one choose at all if the choice seems to lie, exaggerating a little bit, between dirt and brutality? He who has not experienced the joy of sharing possessions has not grasped the meaning of love and communion. Nature never creates a vacuum; one must learn to use his elbows—of course, as esthctically as possible. Peculiarly enough, our text-books do not mention one indication for tonsillectomy: an M.D.’s wife needs a new fur coat. Suspension of judgment may be wisdom, ignorance, or diplomatic cowardice. Remember— know thyself . Take a large group of certain chronically ill people such as arthritics, neurotic or sclerotics and have one third treated by osteopaths, one third bv Christian scientists, and one third bv M.D.’s. I have some thoughts as to the outsome—But really, why not try it? The truth is not spoken in the market place; for the populace wants, i.e., the false. The only way to overcome the epidemic of medical meetings: a man should attend only if he is the guest speaker. A thesis which has never been written: The Relation of the Theories of Philosophers to the Status of Their Endocrine Organs. As we buy newspapers, magazines and books, the fate of more and more lovely trees is sealed. Praise for the scientist: he is even thrilled by watching the decline of a civilization. Research is often nothing more than a refined and sublimated form of luxury. A nation which fights lipstick and rouge demands respect—in some respects. Know that others can do well without us. No wonder that all strive toward technical achievement. Nearly everything else has been experienced and expressed before, provided one takes the trouble to find out. Txco Hundred Seventy-one TEMPLE UNIVERSITY . . . Fraternities which make possible group work and play; which foster a spirit of camaraderie so vital to an individual who is to deal with human nature in all its complexities. . . . Societies which bind the f acuity and student body in a common quest for medical and surgical knowledge. Booh Six • group work • • GROUP PLAY A L P H A K A P P A K A P P A FACULTY M KM HERS W. Emory Burnett, M.D., F.A.C.S. W. Edward Chamberlain, M.I). Frederick Fiske, M.I). Eugene Foy, M.I). John A. Kohner, M.D., F.A.C.P. Chevalier Jackson, M.I)., F.A.C.S. Jacques P. Gucquierre, M.I). A. Neil Lemon, M.I). Earl A. Shrader, Ed.D. Neil Lemon, M.D. Richard C. McCloskey J. Evans Shelby ..... Kenneth Diehl ....... Robert Kooser ....... William Ralston .... OFFICERS ................... District Deputy ........................... President ........................ Vice-President ..................... Treasurer ................... Recording Secretary ............... Corresponding Secretary Eugene Berkman SENIORS William E. Huss Nicholas P. Dallis Robert Kooser Francis J. Ditchey J. Evans Shelby Edwin Buchanan JUNIORS George J. Jones Frank Cooke Richard C. McCloskey Kenneth Diehl William J. Ralston Richard L. Goyne Glenn H. Shantz Charles Bream SOPHOMORES Frederick Large Reese Dawson Howard A. Molter George Fissel George F. Shugert FRESHMEN Frank G. Christopher. Jr. Frederick W. Herman Henry Roebling Knoch Two Hundred Seventy-four i'irst Row. Dr. Chamberlain, Ralston, Shelby, McCloskey, Koozer, Diehl, Dr. Lemon; Second Row. Kissel, Bream, Herman, Cooke, Dawson, Goyne, Hubbard, Shantz; Third Row. G. Jones, Crosby, Large, Christopher. BETA OMICRON CHAPTER ALPHA Kappa Kappa Fraternity numbers among its brothers some of the greatest men in the medical sciences and has always been known for its advancement of The Science—this being one of its chief aims. The Mayo Brothers, George Crile, Chevalier Jackson, John Kolmer are examples of true A. K. K.’s. In the Fall of 1931, several members of the student body in conjunction with Temple faculty A. K. K.'s, having aspirations of forming a chapter at Temple, founded a local organization under the name of the “Crescent Club” and applied to the Grand Chapter for admission to the national fraternity. On May 7th, 1932 the Crescent Club became the Beta Omicron Chapter of A. K. K. when its members were initiated at the Epsilon Chapter of Jefferson Medical College. Under the guidance of I)r. Emory Burnett and its first President Edward Short, Beta Omicron began its career and grew rapidly in size and activity. Each subsequent year saw further progress in the organization and today although not the largest, nor the most powerful organization on the campus, it is carrying forward the spirit of A. K. K. Two Hundred Seventy-five PHI ALPHA SIGMA FACULTY MEMBERS Edward L. Clemens, M.l). Wilmer Krusen, M.D. Charles H. Grimes, M.D. George Me Reynolds, M.D. J. Garrett Hickey, M.D. J- Rav VanMeter, M.D. Milford J. Huffnagle, M.D. Lewis R. Wolf, M.D. S. Lawrence Woodhousc, Jr., M.D. OFFICERS Alexander W. Segal John T. P. Cudmore . John S'. Hunter Dom J. Mauro Primarius Sub-primarius Scribus Custos ACTIVE MEMBERS Seniors Joseph C. Gribb Alexander W. Seygal Carl E. Sweitzer Juniors John T. P. Cudmore John S. Hunter Stanley C. Klemek Francis M. Bellarmino Robert P. F. Fitzgerald Sophomores Robert L. Innnordino Dom J. Mauro Hugh J. Kearney Thomas J. Maye, Jr. Freshmen Edward J. Winter Gerald J. Piserehia John H. Weidner Two Hundred Seventy-six First Row: Dr. Wolf, C. Sweitzer, J. Cudmore, A. Seygal, J. Grihh, Dr Clemens Dr. Wood house. Second Roxc: .J.. Weidner, K. Winter, D. Mauro, H. Kearney, R. Fitzgerald S Klemek G. Piserchia. ’ IOTA CHAPTER THE youngest fraternity on the campus, Phi Alpha Sigma is by no means an infant. Established at Bellevue Medical College in 188(5 it has become one of the potentates in the field of medical societies. Iota Chapter promises to become one of the finest organizations on Temple campus for its members are respected in the classroom and admired for their attitude of fellowship. Two Hundred Seventy-seven BETA PHI PI SENIORS Robert Finch Allen R. Frederick Jones William P. McCarthy Joseph Imbriglia JUNIORS Irving Greenfield Armond DeVittorio Raymond Lutz W. Nick Sauer SOPHOMORES John Laurusonis Thomas J. Sharkey Henry Hunter FRESHMEN John Ealy John Konselman D. Burt Mallams Andrew J. Parker Wilson P. Shortridge Donald Hayden Huffer Paul E. Krupko William F. Jones LeRoy Bowers Harold Harbold Ted. Johnson Harrison Hines Carl Korsmo Two Hundred Seventy-eight First Row: Dr. Raines, Dr. Gibson, Krupko, Huffcr, Allen, Shortridge, Dr. Konzolman, Dr. Barnes, Dr. Larson; Second Rozc: Davis, Parker, Wigton, C. Jones, Sharkey, Greenfield, K. Jones, Johnson; Third Row: W. C. Jones, HarboUl, Bowers, Lutz, McIntyre. BETA ETA CHAPTER FOLLOWING the close of the World War in 1918, a small group, after noting the advantages derived from group pursuit, decided to establish a new fraternity at Temple Medical School. After several months of consideration a decision was reached and application was made to the Omega Upsilon Phi Fraternity for the Upsilon Charter since this was made vacant by the dissolution of Medico Chirugical School of Medicine, Philadelphia which was discontinued at that time. There was a charter granted which in 1929 was replaced by a full charter and the group became known as the Upsilon Chapter of the Omega Upsilon Phi. During the following years. Upsilon Chapter flourished but due to the failure of other chapters in other medical schools to function successfully, the Omega Upsilon Phi declined. Upsilon Chapter decided to apply for merger with some other national organization and finally through the efforts of T. Carroll Davis and Dr. Edward Larson a merger with Phi Beta Pi was accomplished of which the Upsilon, Omega Upsilon Phi became the Beta Eta Chapter. Beta Eta is one of the most active chapters in the national fraternity as well as a leading organization at Temple. Its members control many class and school activities both directly and indirectly. At present two class presidents are men of Beta Eta, and its members may be found active in all class and campus endeavor. The chapter owns its own house which is located at 3444 North Broad Street. Two Hundred Seventy-nine PHI II E L T A EPSILO X A lew J. Steiginan Consul Norman Learner ........................................... Vice-Consul Leonard Snydman Chancellor Martin Civilian Scribe Simon Ball, M.D. Nathan Blumbcrg, M.D. Leon S. Caplan. M.D. Louis Cohen, M.D. S. W. Eisenberg, M.D. M. S. F.rsner, M.D. Isador Forman, M.D. Frank Glauser, M.D. Martin H. Gold, M.D. Samuel Goldberg, M.D. J. N. Grossman, M.D. Sydney Harbcrg, M.D. Joseph B. FACULTY Maurice S. Jacobs, M.D. Nathan M. Levin, M.D. David Myers, M.D. Saul P. Savitz, M.D. Harry Simpkins, M.D. Louis A. Soloff, M.D. Edward Steinfield, M.D. Henry J. Tumen, M.D. E. M. Weinberger, M.D. Louis Weiner, M.D. Sydney Weiss, M.D. Michael G. Wohl, M.D. folffe, M.D. Martin Clyman Jacob GluchofT Alfred Kershbaum Owen Belmont Isidor Gordon Harold Lcclis Daniel Barenbaum SENIORS Samuel Manstein Elkin Ravetz JUNIORS Norman Learner George Parris SOPHOMORES Leonard Lechs FRESHMEN William Brudsky Morton Kligerman Leonard Snydman Bernard Spear Alex J. Steiginan Norman Schnecbcrg Jack Strassman Abe Waldman Leon KotlofT Txco Hundred Eighty Rear Row: I . Lechs, II. Lcchs, Kligcrman, Belmont, Ravctz, Kershbaum, Mansteln, Garfield. Front Row. Dr. Glauscr, Learner, Dr. Ersner, Steigman, Clymnn, Snydman, Dr. Forman. SIGMA CHAPTER SIGMA Chapter of Pin Delta Epsilon made its appearance at Temple in 1917 when petition for faculty permission to establish the body was granted at the Fall faculty meeting. Since the founding of Phi Delta Epsilon at Cornell University in 1903, its enrollment has so increased that today it is one of the largest fraternal organizations in the medical field, and has active Chapters in 62 medical school in the United States. Two Hundred Eighty-one 1 III LAMBDA KAP PA Sewall M. Pastor..................................Worthy Superior Henry Woloshin..................................Worthy Chancellor Edwin Mendelssohn ............ Worthy Chancellor of the Exchequer FACULTY Herman Gold, M.D Louis K. Hoberman, M.D. Isadore Katz, M.D. Morris Kleinbart, M.D. Henry Perlman, M.D. David Soloway, M.D. Louis Tuft, M.D. Julius Winston, M.D. Philip Jacobson Irving Marshall Edwin Mendelssohn SENIORS Sewall M. Pastor Abe Paul Henry J. Woloshin Simon Forman Herman Herskowitz Stuart Rizika Charles Sell nail JUNIORS Martin Spector Samuel Sugarman Paul M. Wapner Jacob Weinberg Jack Weiner Edward Pickert Jay Spiegel man Harold S. Tuft SOPHOMORES Morton Warshafsky Jerry Zaslow Herman Zeidman Txco IJundred Eighty-two First Row: Dr. Hoberman, Marshall, Weiner, Pastor, Dr. Soloway, Mendelssohn, Paul, Zeldman, Piokcrt. Second Row: Hcrskowitz, Wapner, Suparman, Zaslow, Warshafsky, Tuft, Hymen, Schall. Third Row: Weinberg, Brau Schultz, Forman, Spiegelman, Rabinowitz, Rizika, Spector. ALPHA IOTA CHAPTER IN 1925 an attempt was made to establish Phi Lambda Kappa at Temple but petition to the Grand Chapter was refused, due to the fact, that at this time Temple Medical School was in the Class B. group. When Temple became recognized as an A. school in 1928 the charter was granted and Alpha Iota was established. At first the meetings were held in various clubs and houses but in 1931 the chapter acquired residence at 3500 North Broad Street. In 1937 due to increasing membership new quarters were a necessity and the group became established in their present quarters at 3535 Germantown Avenue. Two Hundred Eighty-throe It If o PHI SIGMA William G. Rose Otis M. Eves. ... Anthony Meloro Leroy Wilcox .....President Vice-President ...Treasurer .....Secretary FACULTY Ralph C. Bradley, B.S., M.I). Joseph C. I)oane, M.D., F.A.C.P. Harry Z. Ilibschman, M.D., F.A.C.S. Arthur A. Mitten, M.D. Robert F. Ridpath, M.D., F.A.C.S. Sacks Bricker, M.D. Robert S. Huffer, M.D. Pascal F. Lucehesi. M.D. A. C. Morgan, M.D., Sc.D., F.A.C.P. W. Hcrshey Thomas, A.B., M.D John F. Huber. Ph.D., M.D. SENIORS Edward Ocelus William G. Rose Luther J. Doffermvre William F. Weisel Johnston F. Osborne Otis M. Eves Joseph P. Morrison Taylor Caswell Richard Hoffman Owen Hartman JUNIORS George Covalla Dill J. Allbright George Gartland, Jr. SOPHOMORES Leroy Wilcox Raymond S. McKecby Robert U. Wissler Chauncey K. McGeorgeChester G. TomaseskiCharles H. Smith William J. OfTutt, Jr. Anthony Meloro Francis W. Saul 'I ico Hundred Eighty-four First Row. McKceby, Hibschman, Hartman, Itose, Covalla, Doffermyre, Osborne. Second Row. Mills, McLeod Paxman, Morrison, Ocelus, Ecipart, Taylor, Evans. Third Rotox Eves, Parker, Meloro, Dobbins, Albright, Wilcox, Hoffman. ALPHA LAMBDA CHAPTER r I HE idea of organizing a chapter at Temple was conceived soon after the granting of the Class A. rating of Temple Medical School by the American Medical Association. Enthusiasm over the possibilities of a local chapter at Temple waxed high at the annual alumni banquet of the Lambda Phi Chapter of the University of Pennsylvania in 1930. At that time Dr. A. C. Morgan and Dr. .Joseph Doane were appointed to carry out plans which were to culminate in establishing Phi Rho at Temple. At a faculty meeting in December 1931, consent was given and Alpha Lambda began at 3242 North 17th Street. Its present quarters are located at 3232 North 16th Street and is one of the finest fraternity homes on the “campus.” Two Hundred Riyhty-five cm PHI OFFICERS Glenn A. Pope .... K. Frederick Koster Allan B. Crundcn, Jr. Glenn C. Stayer .................. Robert A. Peterman ............... Presiding Senior Presiding .Junior Judge Advocate ..... Secretary Treasurer FACULTY Jesse 0. Arnold, M.D., F.A.C.S. G. Mason Astlev, M.D., F.A.C.S. W. Wayne Babcock, M.D., F.A.C.S. Harry Bacon. M.D.. F.A.C.S. Charies R. Barr. M.D. Allen G. Beckley, M.I)., F.A.C.P. Franklin D. Benedict, M.D. John O. Bower, M.D., F.A.C.S. George E. Farrar. M.D. Philip Fiscella, M.D. Worth B. Forman, M.D. John Howard Frick, M.D., F.A.C.S. John Howard Frick, Jr., M.D. Sherman F. Gilpin, Jr., M.D. G. P. Giambolvo, M.D. Bradford Green, M.D. S. Bruce Green way, M.D. Henry C. Groff, M.D. John P. Emich, M.D. Hugh Hayford, M.D. D. j. Kennedy, M.D. John Leedom, M.D. Robert D. MacKinnon, M.D. Edwin H. Mellvain, M.D. J. Royal Moore, M.D. Morton J. Oppcnheimer, M.D. William N. Parkinson, M.D., F.A.C.S. William C. Pritchard, M.D. Chester Reynolds, M.D. John B. Roxby, M.D. Harold S. Roxbv, M.D. William A. Steel, M.D., F.A.C.S. H. Tuttle Stull, M.D. Barton R. Young, M.D. F. L. Zaborowski, M.D. Howard W. Baker Allan B. Crunden, Jr. Richard Young Darvmple Hudson D. Fowler, II J. Hoffman Garber Allen J. Hannen Edward F. Hardman Wilbur I) Anders Lee E. Bransford, Jr. Robert R. Frantz Donald H. Gahagen Robert P. Gearhart Carl F. Geigle Arthur N. Barr Gilbert Barron John W. Bennett II Hugh H. Calhoun John S. Chaffee SENIORS O. Henry Janton, Jr. Miller J. Korns Richard 1). Kraft William G. Kraybill Valentine R. Manning Richard J. Muenzner, Jr. John E. Nardini JUNIORS Armand C. Grez William St. J. Jervey E. Frederick Koster Harry C. Nyce Theodore R. McClure Pedro Orpi, Jr. SOPHOMORES K. W. Christenberry Joseph G. Haddad Robert J. Jahn Jay G. Linn, Jr. Herbert E. Loomis George R. Mathews Robert A. Peterman Glenn A. Pope William C. Pritchard, Jr. Laurence B. Rcntschler James K. Ross John A. Turtzo Melvin A. It. Wainwright James M. Pomeroy Japheth E. Rawls, Jr. Lyle W. Sherwin Glenn C. Stayer James A. Sutton Amos S. Wainer Francis J. Renzulli Harold J. Itowe Edwin F. Trautman Ilalsev F. Warner Charles R. E. Wells Two Hundred FAghty-six First Row: Muenzner, Crunden, Dr. Pritchard, Koster, Pope, Stayer, Peterman, Turtzo, Trautman. Second Row: Jervey, Christenbcrry, Frantz, Hardman, Pritchard, Rogers, Sutton, Wainright. Third Row. Nardini, Ketclmm, Geigle, McClure, Chaffe, Gahagen. Gearhart. Fourth Row: Korns, Boyer, Garber, Linn, Kraft, Janton, Manning. Fifth Row: Warner, Jahn, Calhoun, Barron, Bransford, Kline, Nyce. THETA UPSILON CHAPTER OX THE evening of April 8, 1907, seven medical students gathered together and after an evening of discussion founded a Fraternity and called it Omega L'psilon Lambda. These men were George W. Manning, Albert N. Cole, Joseph E. Strobel, Granville A. Lawrence, Robert Devereaux, Ebner E. Lenhardt and M. C. O’Brien. They studied medicine at night and classes lasted until ten P. M. They held meetings two or three times a week and these rarely ended before two or three A.M. As Temple grew so did the Fraternity. More members were initiated and faculty support was obtained to establish at Temple a local chapter of a National Fraternity. The group made application to the Phi Chi Fraternity and was accepted and given the Theta Upsilon Charter. The first meetings were held at 1824 Mt. Vernon Street; and when the Medical School was moved to its present location, the fraternity obtained quarters at 1410 West Tioga Street. This location shortly proving too small to house the increasing membership, larger quarters were obtained at 1418 West Allegheny Avenue where the Chapter is located at present. The Theta Upsilon Chapter of Phi Chi has the distinction of being the oldest organized body of Temple medical students and is highly respected in all branches of the School. Its members have high scholastic standing and they have always been a considerable power in the wielding of class and campus politics. Txvo Hundred Eighty-seven MEDICAL ALUMNI ASSOCIATION THE Medical Alumni Association was organized primarily to promote graduate interest in the School of Medicine. In addition to the annual award of a loving cup to an outstanding medical alumnus, the Association has regular meetings at which its members present scientific theses and original articles. The alumni are encouraged to contribute interesting anatomical and pathological specimens which may enhance the educational value of the various museums of the School. Preceding the annual alumni dinner in June, the Alumni Clinic Day features a full program of clinics, papers and ward rounds. Membership in the Association is open to all graduates and faculty members of the School of Medicine. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1937-38 John C. Burns, M.D. President Charles Q. DeLuca, M.l). First Vice-President Thomas J. English, M.l). Second Vice-President Reuben Friedman, M.D. Secretary-Treasurer BOARD OF DIRECTORS Dr. W. B. Forman Dr. C. II. McDevitt Dr. H. E. Bacon Dr. G. P. Giambalvo Dr. V. X. Parkinson Dr. II. M. Genkins Dr. II. T. Stull Dr. Simon Ball Dr. J. H. Frick Dr. J. C. Burns Dr. Morris Franklin Dr. J. M. Alesburv Dr. M. S. Ersner Dr. S. P. Savitz Dr. Isador Forman Tico Hundred Eighty-eight SCHOOL OF MEDICINE THE SKULL Advice... ' Observe, record, tabulate, communicate. . . . Use your five senses. The art of the practice of Medicine is to be learned only by experience; it is not an inheritance; it cannot be revealed. Learn to see, learn to hear, learn to feel, learn to smell and know that by practice alone you can become expert. Medicine is learned at the bedside and not in the classroom. See and reason and compare and control. But . . . see first. No two eyes see the same thing. No two mirrors give forth the same image. Let the word be your slave and not your master. Live in the ward.” —Osier. TEMPLE UNIVERSITY BABCOCK SURGICAL SOCIETY Alfred J. Barbano Richard Y. Dalrymple Edward F. Hardman Arthur Ilolstein Francis R. Manlove SENIORS Valentine R. Manning, Willaim J. Neal Edward V'. Oeelus Johnston F. Osborne Robert A. Petcrinan Jr. Glenn A. Pope William G. Rose Arthur F. Seifer Russell E. Straub Melvin A. Wainwright Lee E. Bransford Frank N. Cooke John T. Cudmorc Raymond A. Davis Robert P. Gearhart Carl F. Geigle Richard R. Hoffman JUNIORS John S. Hunter Paul E. Krupko Harry F. Lenhardt Milton C. Maloney William II. Nicholson Charles M. Norris Harry C. Nvce Charles E. Price Herbert M. Stauffer Howard H. Stauffer Glenn C. Stayer Morgan F. Taylor Robert U. Wissler SOPHOMORES Gilbert Barron Joseph G. Haddad John S. Chaffee Clarence A. Holland Kenneth W. Christenberry Samuel T. Hubbard Charles R. Wells Jay G. Linn Forrest G. Mover George F. Shugert Txco Hundred Ninety F M E 1) 1 (’ S C H O 0 h O I N K BABCOCK SURGICAL SOCIETY First Row—(Left to Right): Dr. J. Howard Frick, Dr. William A. Steel, Dr. Wayne Babcock. Dr. Charles L. Brown, Dr. John P. Emich, Dr. W. Emory Burnett, Dr. Herbert S. Raines.. Second Row—(Left to Right): Dr. Daniel J. Preston, Dr. Norman Coombs, Dr. Worth B. Forman, Dr. F. L. Zaborowski, Dr. M. H. Gold, Dr. Frederick A. Fiske, Dr. Schneider. Third Row—(Left to Right): Arthur Holstein, Richard Y. Dalrymplc, Alfred J. Barbano, Kenneth W. Christcnbcrry, Johnston F. Osborne, Edward F. Hardman, Glenn A. Pope, William J. Neal, Valentine R. Manning, Jr., Russell E. Straub. Fourth Row—(Left to Right): William G. Rose, Edward V. Occlus, Lee E. Bransford, Richard R. Hoffman, Robert U. Wissler, John T. Cudmore, Glenn C. Stayer, Paul E. Krupko, Raymond A. Davis, Robert P. Gearhart. Fifth Row—(Left to Right): Robert A. Peterman, Charles E. Price, Harry F. I.cnlmrdt, Morgan F. Taylor, Joseph G. Haddad, Jay G. Linn, Gilbert Barron, Clarence A. Holland, Howard II. Stauffer, Francis R. Manlove. Sixth Row—(Left to Right): Melvin A. Wainwright, Charles M. Norris, Milton C. Maloney, William H. Nicholson. Harry C. Nyce, John S. Hunter, John S. Chaffee, Samuel T. Hubbard, George F. Shugcrt, Robert E. Wells. THE Babcock Surgical Society, now in its thirty-third year, was founded by a group of students in honor of Dr. William Wayne Babcock. At its regular meetings students are encouraged to present papers dealing with the various fields of surgery and allied subjects of current medical interest. Emphasis is placed on the need for scientific accuracy of expression so necessary in medical writing. The Society serves another equally important purpose in bringing the faculty and students together to their mutual advantage. .Membership is restricted to those members of the upper three classes who have maintained a superior standing in their respective classes. Tieo Hundred Ninety-one T E M P I. E U NIVERSITY WRIGHT DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY FACULTY Carroll S. Wright, M.D. Kenneth Reighter, M.I). Jacques. Guequierre, M.I). Stanley Skromak, M.I). Leon Warren, M.I). Reuben Friedman, M.D. Edwin B. Abramson Robert F. Allen John W. Bicri Hyman R. Blank John L. Bowers Harry Brown Ralph Cantafio Martin Clyman Allen B. Crunden, Jr. Walter A. D'Alonzo Burns A. Dobbins, Jr. Albert H. Donnn Simon B. Forman Abraham G. Freedman Raymond J. Furlong Thomas A. Garrett Russel P. Green Irving Greenfield Herman Ilerskowitz Vincent A. Hoch Donald Huffer Joseph E. Imbriglia Philip Jacobson William F. Jones Michael J. Jordan, Jr. Merl F. Kimmel Samuel A. Manstein Irving Marshall Thorton S. Mclntirc Edwin Mendelssohn John E. Nardini Gennaro C. Nicastro Andrew J. Parker George Parris Abe Paul Elkin Ravctz William N. Sauer Charles Schnall Joseph F. Sneider Wilson P. Shortridge Leonard Snvdman Richard W. Sonntag Bernard J. Spear Martin Spcctor Jack Strassman Robert S. Strieker Samuel Sugarman Carl E. Sweitzer Marler S. Tuttle Ellsworth P. Uhler Bayard R. Vincent Paul M. Wapner Jacob I). Weinberg Jack Weiner Leroy A. Wilcox Walter A. Wright 'l ca Hundred Ninctjf-hco SCHOOL O F MEDICINE WRIGIIT DERMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY First Roic: Dobbins, Schneider, Wright, KirnmeJ, Nicastro, Imbriglia, I)r. Jacques Guequierrc, Dr. Carroll S. Wright, Dr. Richardson, Mendelssohn, Jacobson, Jordan, Manstcin, Snydman, Strieker, Ravctz. Second Row. Domm, Schnall, Shortridge, D’Alonzo, Cantafio, Furlong, Garrett, Freedman, Forman, Brown, Sugurman, Bowers, Wapner. Marshall, Tuttle, Parris, Spcctor, Weinberg, Sonntag, Vincent, Huffer, Bieri, Paul, W. F. Jones, Spear, Parker. Third Row. Sauer, L'hler, Abramson, Crunden, Clyrnan, Me Intire, Sweitzer, Weiner, Green, Herskowitz, Strassman, Blank, Nardini, Wilcox, Hoch, Allen, Greenfield. THE Wright Dermatological Society was founded seven years ago in an effort to stimulate further enterest in Dermatology and Syphilology and to foster a spirit of research in medicine. At its regular meetings the students are encouraged to present papers and their attention is directed to recent developments in these fields by guest speakers of national repute. The annual dinner, the final meeting of the year given in honor of Dr. Carroll S. Wright, the Society's patron, has done much to bind the faculty and students together. Membership, at present, is restricted to those in the clinical years who have maintained a definite level of scholarship. Two Hundred Ninety-three T E M V L E II N E R S Y HICKEY PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY HONORARY MEMBERS VV. Wayne Babcock, M.D., F.A.C.S. Arturo Rosenbluth, M.D. Harry E. Bacon, M.D.. F.A.C.S. Edward Larson, Ph.D. Charles L. Brown, M.D., F.A.C.P. Ruth W. Lathrop, M.D. Matthew S. Ersner, M.D., F.A.C.S. Alfred E. Livingstone, Ph.D. Edwin S. Gault, M.D. John B. Roxby, M.D. Lawrence W. Smith, A.B., M.D. Arthur C. Morgan, M.D., F.A.C.P. Anne B. Hall, M.D. Two Hundred Ninety-four SCHOOL O F MEDICINE HICKEY PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY First Roto: R. F. Jones, Manstein, Harbold, Warner, Sharkey, Calhoun, Hartman, Mclincove, Swcitzer. Second Roto: Davis, Foreman, Ditchey, Allen, Wigton, Gehrhart, Nardini, Manning, Mannings, Pope, Spear. Third Rote: Johnson, Price, Nicholson, Stauffer, Norris, Frantz, Jahn, Geigel, Trautman, D'Alonzo, Sutton. Fourth Roto: Hubbard, Mills, Barr, Dietz, Bransford, Dawson, Durand, Krupko, Brehin, Chaffc. Fifth Row: Evans, Rogers, Large, Barron, Gaspar, Christopher, Christenberrv, W. Jones, C. Jones, Linn. Sixth Row: Cooke, Brau, Hermann, Kline, Etzel, Mallams, Crosby, Rabinovitz. Leiphart. Ketcham. ITS active membership composed chiefly of Freshmen and Sophomores, the Hickey Society is one of Temple’s most active faculty-student organizations. Founded in 1922 by Dr. Harry E. Bacon, each year it has given much to students who attend its meetings, by providing an opportunity of listening to well known men in the various medical specialties. The Society was established in honor of I)r. J. Garrett Hickey who has given many faithful years of service to Temple Medical School. Two Hundred Ninety-five TEMPLE U N V E R S THE 1938 SKULL SKULL STAFF Faculty Advisory Committee J. Marsh Alesbury, M.I). John B. Roxby, M.I). Melvin A. Saylor, M.I) Editor-in-Chief: Francis J. Ditchev Robert F. Allen Howard W. Baker John W. Bieri Richard Young Dalrymplc Robert J. Dickinson Warren C. Dietrich, Jr. Kenneth Christenberry Arthur Webber Nicholas P. Dallis Man aging Editors Allan B. Crunden. Jr. Editorial Staff Allen J. Hannen Edward F. Hardman Reeves Frederick Jones Ruth V. Levmeister Photography John J. Mahaffey Glenn A. Pope Art Editors Ted. Johnson Kenneth W. Warren Max C. Miller Andrew J. Parker William G. Rose J. Evans Shelby Carl E. Sweitzer Thomas V. Murray Robert A. Peterman Hu si ness Staff Easiness Manager: Alex J. Steiginan Circulat idn Ma nagers Sidney Melnicove John K. Nardini Advertising Luther R. Doffern.iyrc William McLeod Richard J. Muenzner William E. Adair Edward Mendelsohn Nurses Editor-in-Chief: Martha K. Sniscak Managing Editor: Charlotte I. Blythe Editorial Staff Betty S. Dilks Hilda M. Stull Marion C. Gerhart Rowene J. Law Two Hundred Ninety-six s C H o 0 I 0 F M E D I C 1 N E THE STAFF IV e arc Deeply Grateful . . . . To the members of the faculty for their cooperation with us in obtaining a photographic panorama of our medical training. . . . . To our patrons whose contributions made this edition of Tub' Skull possible. . . . . To Ken Christianberry of the Sophomore class, who has been our “candid” photographer. . . . . To Mrs. Kriebel and Miss Gulden for their aid in obtaining “copy.” . . . . To the men who have written the articles for our Feature Section. . . . . To William T. Cooke and Brad Martin of the Clark Printing House for the hours they spent in planning and designing the 1938 Skull. . . . . To our subscribers, who stood with us and saw us through . . . Two IIundretl Ninety-seven TEMPLE UNIVERSITY ... To escape the dilemma of “pasted pages” we offer an informal presentation of a few incidents and phases of our student life and put a theory in “Swing . INFORMALITIES THE SKULL Sandy Creek Forks, Pa., September 29, 1988. Dear Dean, Land sakes, I feel real bold calling you by your first name this way, but Elmer says its right, so I guess, it is. Anyway, Dean, I'm writin’ you to talk to you about my Elmer and how lie’s got to talkin’ and actin' funny sumpin fearce senco we sent him to your school last year to learn doctorin'. Now Dean. 1 aint complainin’ none against you direct, for I guess you’re a busy man all right and don’t have no time to watch after all the boys real close and personal, any more’n I can take time to keep my geraniums looking peart durin' harvestin’—what with an army of hungry men gobblin’ down wheat-cakes faster’n I can dish ’em up. And between you and me Dean, I read in the Grit where you doctors are workin’ on a way of feedin’ a whole meal in one pill and I wisht you’d hurry up with it. It sure would be a blessiu’ to us farm women at a time like harvestin’. Land O’ Goshen, how I do run on, don't I ? But about my Elmer, I don’t know what you fellers did to him down there I’m jest a poor woman that squeezed through seventh grade, and not one to tell you how to make doctors, but I never thought medicine school would make mv boy daft like he is. Dean, he came home last Spring and I declare lie talked more gibberish than them Polacks that bought the old Smathers place down the holler. Lord knows none of us could understand him. We alius thought a wen was jest a wen. but not no more. Elmer says its a spashus sisst or sumpin outlandish like that. He told Pa his piles was hemroyds and Pa says Hell, a rose by any other name would smell as sweet and he guessed calling his piles hemroyds didn't keep ’em from hurtin’ none. I guess maybe it aint delicate for me to talk about things like this to a practical stranger, but I guess doctors don’t look at them things like normal people. Leastwise Elmer don’t. Dean, the things he talks about would make old man McGurney get beet red, and everybody knows what he is. But Elmer he just rattles ’em oft’ like nothin’ at all at the table till Pa can’t hardly even cat mv watermelon pickle anymore and Lord knows he alius could cat that stuff till I thought he’d like to bust. Honest Dean, its eytus this and eetus that around here Three Hundred SCHOOL 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL till mv head spins like a hen feather in a whirly-gust. And Dean I’m gittin’ awful poorly with it all. He talks about this simptum and that simptum till I get to achin' all over. Lord knows I've always been a right healthy upstandin' woman, but his talk has got me worse n old Sary Appleby that does nuthin’ but sit all day and talk everybody deef about her ailments which everybody knows she aint got outside her head. But even Gramma Gilbraith’s herb tea don’t help me no more. And Elmer he fetched me stuff from Aikin’s drug store and the names on it reads like the names on Pa's fertilizer bags. 1 wouldn't tech that stuff' Dean. I jest throw it down the dreen when Elmer aint lookin’! Some of the stuff he says and does aint so bad Dean, but just silly like. One day Pa he come in and says ‘‘Well, four of the cows is fresh.” Elmer he says, Oh, is some of the cattle pregnant? Well Pa he jest bit the steam of his corn cob right in two. Honest Dean you'd of died to sec Pa's face. And when the cows dropped their calves Elmer said they delivered, and he grabbed the afterbirths and he says T can use these plasenta.” And I swan if he didn’t take them things and grind ’em up and swish ’em around in water and some chcmikals he bought! He fussed with that mess til he had it boiled down to about two soup spoons of stuff and then he says I’m. gonna exceleratc the growth of them calves.” Well he did alright. He tried to squirt that stuff in them poor critters through a needle and he excelerated them right over the fence and we aint found the brown and white one yet. And the fussin' and bawlin’ they did scairt the old cows so they wouldn't let down their milk. Then Elmer he got some stuff in a little bottle from the drug store and he says 'T il make them cows laktait ”, and Pa says Oh, no you won't you’ve made them lackadaisical enough now. And you'd better air out the shed too, that stuff you boiled in there still stinks so my stummick turns every time I go past the door. You and your damfoolishness are gittin’ too much for me young man! Well Dean you can see how it is and I wish to heaven you’d do somethin’ with him when he gits back down there this fall. And make him learn some plain common-sense doctorin'. Little Alice Jones got kinda pale and peaked lookin' lately and Elmer he says She's got a plastick ancemya, we oughta do a gastrickin Alice. Well Dean, anyone could see all that kid needed was a good wormin' which she got and they found a tapeworm eight feet long. I better close now, Dean. Thank you for everything. If Mrs. Dean is puttin’ up any preserves this year. I'll send along a basket of crabapples, they're lovely this year. Yours truly, Mrs. E. Twitchklj,. Three Hundred One TEMPLE UNIVERSITY THE SKULL Student Case Assignments Department ol Aledieine Student’s Name: Pembkbton Funk Patien I's Name : 1)ab len e Fi n k Date Assigned: Sept. 3, 1938 Ward or Clinic: 19 G Hospital or Clinic No.: Pi 314-17 Date of Discharge or last visit: Oh, well! Approval of: (1) History—yes (2) Physical Exam.—yeah! (3) Lab.—yell man! Case presented to Instructor William Osier Sydenham Fonk, III Tentative Diagnosis Final Diagnosis 1. Wandering sinus. 1. Hospitalitis. 2. Superfetation ex connubio. 2. Exhaustion and marked asthenia 3. Persistent thyroglossal duct, persist- dating from admission. ent cloaca, persistent indigence. 3. Severe secondary anemia of chronic 4. Chronic remunerative appendicitis. slow blood loss. Suggestions for further study and treatment: Give 'er the works, boys, hang the expense. Progress N otes: 9 4 38—Patient examined and history taken. Nothing of importance noted, which confirms the findings of the interne, medical resident, chief resident, 1st. 2nd, and 3rd to 33rd assistants, and the chief of service. Patient strangely irritable and complaining of fatigue, probably of psychogenic origin. 9 5 38—Patient’s irritability has increased and she is noisy and difficult, refusing today to allow her temperature to be taken, refusing to allow the nurse to make her bed. give her an enema, bath or alcohol rub, remarking that she would like one half-hour in bed alone. Does this facetious remark, this alternate irritability and “wit .elsucht”, indicate a frontal lobe tumor? 9 6 38—Patient collapsed today during 14th trip to x-ray. Suspected of hysterical malingering. Psychiatrist analyses her strange request to be alone in bed as a manifestation of the unconscious desire to be in bed with someone. Pulse and respiration markedly increased but temperature is normal. Search for some obscure cause of this phenomenon is to be instituted. Blood studies have been instituted. 9 7 38—Neurologic, ophthalmologic, surgical, gynecologic, rhinologic, otologic, allergy, proctologic and genito-urinary consultations all report negative findings. Patient's psychiatric condition is becoming much worse. She alternately screams some gibberish about “not one more trip on that damned wagon and lapses into stubborn silence. Psychiatrics interprets this as a feeling of guilt, symbolized by the police wagon. The patient's whole appearance as she lies in bed is strange and indicative of a psychotic state. She gives one the strange impression of a hunted and trapped animal. 9 8 38—Patient became manic today, threatening Dr. Green with violence today when he attempted to use her for teaching a ward section. One of the section remarked at her pallor and cachexia. Patient has consistently lost weight since admission. Further blood studies; and liver and kidney function tests instituted. Three Hundred Two S C H 0 0 I 0 F MEDICINE THE SKULL 9 13 38—Cystoscopy, proctoscopy, bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy and gastroscopy all negative. Patient had a slight manic attack today before being taken to thoracoscopy. Since this she has changed and become extremely apathetic and negativistic. Psychiatrist changes diagnosis from manic-depressive psychosis to schizophrenia, catatonic form. 9 16 38—All blood studies completely negative except for a recent marked anemia resembling the secondary type due to chronic hemorrhage. Search for a source of this has begun. Patient is markedly cachectic. 9 17 38—Patient somewhat better after blood transfusion. Recheck of blood studies ordered, aleukemic leukemia being suspected. 9 18 38—Patient passed quietly away today shortly after hematology technician had left her. 9 19 38—Postmortem finding reveal nothing significant beyond a marked decrease in blood volume and an unexplainable pallor of all blood containing structures. It is thought that there was some agent at work causing blood destruction. Further studies have been instituted to determine this. 9 19 38—Studies fail to reveal cause of death. It is believed the patient was one of those rare types who lacked the desire to live. ABC Water, water everywhere and not a drop to drink Where once we poured it down our throats, we dump it down the sink. For we have heard a message, a brilliant new conception. Which says that every limpid pool is leering with deception. Oh yes, it’s nice to have your tongue feel so grand and wet; But, my dear friend, the day will come when you’ll fill up with sweat. Your head will ache, your vision blur with varied bright scotoma. So many things will be upset by thinking with vour stoma. So though a glass is innocent, it holds a deadly threat For, if you drink therefrom you die, your brain will be so wet. You drown yourself in fluid depth, your cells become a jel, Your pulse becomes erratic, and kidneys soon rebel. Your heart gets big and vessels shrink and B. P. climbs so high While A2 beats its rhythm, a tortured tensive cry. And soon the ‘'trucks” their burdens bear Hb. poor and thin. And Morpheus lulls it all to sleep to quiet nature’s din. But we, as doctors, get to work and help in nature's way And apply those little secrets we’ve learned from Doctor Fay, We purge and tap and dehydrate—the A.B.C. refrain— Our one and only purpose is to dessicate the brain. Three Hundred Three T E M P L E UNIVERSITY Three ' « The Arch of the World WE RECALL many an oration on subjects anatomical during our first two years—panegyrics ringing with classic phrases and trimmed with telling gestures. Who can forget the descent of the testes and the squirming it engendered among the listeners? Who does not recall the peritoneum being plastered around the room and over the steam pipes? Or dwell with delight on the famous exposition of the physiologic action of the levatores ani, with its biting criticism or the stupidity of bathroom fixture designers and its praise for the healthy bowels of lumberjacks? Heaven keep such memories green in us! Let us sit back and try to recall that pearl of great price, the jewel of them all, the Dissertation on the Pelvis, We may not hope to recapture all the fire and fervor, the bright phrases, the oratory and drama of the original, but let us do our poor best. lie enters the room, holding aloft the bony pelvis of some poor derelict. “Behold the arch triumphal! The arch through which each of us makes his entry into this world! The Romans didn’t invent the arch. The Greeks didn't invent it. Why. bless your souls men. old Mother Nature developed the arch two billion years before there was a man to steal the principles from her to incorporate in his buildings. She designed her arches for a purpose. He points to the pelvis with a flourish— Three IIumired Sir s c H O o 1- o M E 1) 1 C I N K THE SKULL “She designed this for a purpose, and I don't mean just as something to hold up a pair of pants either. No sir, this is the arch through which the child passes during the crowning moment of his journey into this life. Look at it. There s an example of architectural engineering for you. That old lady knew her job, and she did a perfect one on this. Let’s see just how well she built her arch for this job.” The pelvis, which has been describing arcs and angles with dizzying rapidity as the speaker gestured, is now brought down and held before him facing the enraptured audience. The speaker's right hand is poised above the pelvic brim, and, clenched into a fist, the foetal head, it slowly descends, amid hushed and reverent silence pregnant with drama, to the pelvic floor. “The Little Traveler hasn't much trouble in the first stage of his journey, says the narrator in a calm voice, and every spine in the room relaxes gratefully, only to snap to attention as the Voice begins again, this time a half-tone higher, and tense. Hut now the struggle begins. ‘Here I come,’ says the foetal head. ‘Oh. no you don’t,’ answers the perineum, and their forces line up on each side of the arch. ‘Oh, yes, I will,’ retorts the foetal head, and begins to pound the perineum, and pound it, and pound it. The pelvis, in the interests of it's safety, is now laid aside, and the speaker's cupped left hand becomes the embattled structure. Ilis right hand pounds and twists and pounds and twists that structure with all the persistence and force of a battering ram. The demonstration is lost in the fight, his face so reddened by his exertion that the less hardy spirits in his enthralled audience begin to fear for the integrity of his vascular system. “And that head, gentlemen, that head beats down there, and beats down there, and beats again.” (Here added gymnastics and muscular strain to accentuate the seriousness of what is transpiring.) “But old Mother Nature knows who’s going to win that fight. She’s fixed it so that struggle does things just as she wants them. And that's where her arch comes in. (All the while our orator is pushing and grunting, and putting more energy into the struggle than would be expended in the birth of quintuplets.) For that head pushes, and the perineum pushes back, and that head is guided by the arch upward in a curve, (here a knuckle glides over the edge of the enclosing palm). The perineum is giving up the struggle as the arch guides the head out of its grip. The head pushes on,—and uinph there it is gentlemen, another Babbitt is born to swell the ranks of the politicos.” Three Hundred Seven A TEMPLE UNIVERSITY ,:� .v RENDEZVOUS! IT IS mid-afternoon. A rotund long-robed figure garbed in a coat of white enters the chamber wherein await the pupils of his art. lie carries his book of legend . . . filled with mysticism . . . enclosing numerous archives dealing with death. The coated figure secs the offerings which his pupils have presented at his request. With an air of mastery he swoops up the donations and retires to a darkened corner where he communes with cards in relation to the past and their relation to the future. An occasional guttural utterance and smile betrays his disapproval and amusement. While the long-robed High Priest communes in his usual manner of solitude, the Archon arrives and is duly greeted by the assembly. From the hands of the High Priest he receives the symposium that has already meant the doom of many. In a modulous eloquence he reads the tale of death. Through the assembled throng is woven a spell of acquiesenee to the man's wisdom. Since it has been required that by years of study each of the pupils of the High Priest are to know the manner which Death is to weave his spell, each fears as he listens to the opinion of the Archon that the manner which he has chosen will not be in accordance with that of the exalted one. With eloquent wisdom the Archon brings his dissertation to a close, the hands of Death are exposed. His supreme majesty now arises and moves with a zephyric stride to the resting place of the treasured archives. With reverent motion he exposes age-old records and produces an ancient hoarded tale of one long defunct; the method of death chills those who listen to the ringing tones of the voice of the majestic figure. Slowly the room is darkened, and all is darkness . . . tired heads rest upon cramped hands and anesthetic glutei are yearning for a drop of fresh blood. Through the nigresent chamber is cast a spear of light; it pierces liver, spleen and heart and now from out of the darkness arises the staccato chant of the Supreme One, at first the cry is beyond comprehension but slowly and with fervor the cry reaches understanding, it is . . . “Chronic Nephritis, Gentlemen . . . Hypertensive Cardio-Renal Vascular Disease . . .” And even Dr. Brown looks amazed. PATRONS o Mona Adolph, M.D. J. Marsh Alesbury, M.D. Jesse O. Arnold, M.D. G. Mason Astley, M.D. W. Wayne Babcock, M.D. Charles R. Barr, M.D. Allen G. Beckley, M.D. George I. Blumstein, M.D. John O. Bower, M.D. Charles L. Brown, M.D. W. Emory Burnett, M.D. W. Edward Chamberlain, M.D. A. J. Cohen, M.D. Louis Cohen, M.D. Dean A. Collins, M.D. J. Norman Coombs, M.D. Charles Q. DeLuca, M.D. Joseph C. Doane, M.D. Harry A. Duncan, M.D. John P. Emich, M.D. Mathew S. Ersner, M.D. George E. Farrar, Jr., M.D. Temple Fay, M.D. Frederick A. Fiske, M.D. Isadore Forman, M.D. Reuben Friedman, M.D. John Howard Frick, M.D. Edwin S. Gault, M.D. Giacchino P. Giambalvo, M.D. Glen G. Gibson, M.D. Sherman F. Gilpin, Jr., M.D. Samuel Goldberg, M.D. Charles H. Grimes, M.D. Joseph N. Grossman, M.D. Jacques Guequierre, M.D. Frank C. Hammond, M.D. Harriet L. Hartley, M.D. Harry Z. Hibshman, M.D. John F. Huber, M.D. Chevalier Jackson, M.D. Chevalier L. Jackson, M.D. James Kay, M.D. Thomas Klein, M.D. John A. Kolmer, M.D. Roy L. Langdon, M.D. John Lansbury, M.D. Walter I. Lillie, M.D. Alfred E. Livingstone, Ph.D. Pascal F. Lucchesi, M.D. Savere F. Madonna, M.D. Foster Matchett, M.D. John R. Moore, M.D. Arthur C. Morgan, M.D. William N. Parkinson, M.D. Robert F. Ridpath, M.D. Victor Robinson, M.D. Hugo Roesler, M.D. John B. Roxby, M.D. Samuel A. Saviu, M.D. Melvin A. Saylor, M.D. Lawrence W. Smith, M.D. David Soloway, M.D. Ernst Spiegel, M.D. William A. Steel, M.D. H. Tuttle Stull, M.D. William A. Swalm, M.D. Edward Weiss, M.D. Michael G. Wohl, M.D. Joseph B. WolfFe, M.D. Carroll S. Wright, M.D. Barton R. Young, M.D. F. L. Zaborowski, M.D. Three Hundred Nine A Remember Fisher’s Restaurant - - 3545 - -North Broad Street V Three Hundred Ten KEESAL’S PHARMACY Registered Pharmacist Always in Attendance STUDENT SUPPLIES (Everything the Student Needs) A FULL LINE OF FOUNTAIN PENS When You Equip Your Office Let Us Supply Your Desk Set WE REPAIR FOUNTAIN PENS CHECKS CASHED FOR STUDENTS Next to Medical School 3436 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pa. RAD. 9955 Three Hundred Eleven Compliments of MEDICAL ALUMNI ASSOCIATION of TEMPLE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL Three Hundred Twelve Acres of Diamonds Distant fields grow drab when viewed through a mind rich in understanding. Through his famous lecture, Acres of Diamonds , Dr. Conwell turned fantasy to fact—proving that diamonds are not on distant mountains . . . but in your own back yard, if you will but dig for them. Today, Temple University stands as an ever living, ever growing, ever inspiring example of the truth of its Founder's teachings. Legend has revealed the true secret of successful living. Diamonds are discovered by minds given the vision to see and developed to grasp opportunities that others pass by unnoticed. Temple University PHILADELPHIA Three Hundred Thirteen Since 1876 WILLIAMS’ STANDARD INTERN SUITS AND HOSPITAL CLOTHING Hare Always Led in Style and Service SUPERIOR TAILORING THROUGHOUT C. D. WILLIAMS COMPANY Designers and Manufacturers 246 South Eleventh Street Philadelphia, Pa. Best Wishes from the Manufacturers of • BENZEDRINE INHALER • BENZEDRINE SOLUTION • PENTNUCLEOTIDE • Accepted by the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry of the American Medical Association SMITH, KLINE FRENCH LABORATORIES Manufacturing Pharmacists PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. Established 1841 Three Hundred Fourteen Cotnpliments of Eppley’s Drug Store Coynpliments Temple Hand Laundry SHARPE DOHME PHARMACEUTICALS • BIOLOGICALS Quality First” Since 1845 COLLEGE INN Sandwich Shop and Restaurant Opposite Temple University Hospital DELICIOUS FOOD AT ATTRACTIVE PRICES Three Hundred Fifteen NURSES Told Us How to Make Our Shoes for Nurses They told us what they expected THE GEORGE P. PILLING and we gave it to them SON CO. Wilbur Coon Shoes, built to Freeman specifications, embody all that is best in scientific shoe Surgical Instruments designing and • Hospital Supplies The FREEMAN Co. 3628 Germantown Avenue 9 (In the Arcade) ARCH AND 23RD STREETS Open Evenings Special Discount to Nurses PHILADELPHIA, PA. Where Shoes arc Fitted—not merely Sold” Oxygen Ethylene T itrous Oxide Carbon Dioxide Hydrogen Helium IP II IE IP IP IE UNIFORMS 224 SOUTH 11TH STREET MEDICINAL OXYGEN PHILADELPHIA, PA. COMPANY of Philadelphia, Inc. 9 • Oxygen Tent Rental Service INTERNE SUITS • Lowest Prices 1718 VINE STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. Durability • Neatness • Quality Three Hundred Sixteen SITTINGS Bell Telephone: ZAMSKY STUDIO, Inc. Portraits of Distinction 902 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA, PA. We have completed successfully over one hundred school and college an' nuals this year, and are adding new ones to our list. There must be a reason—it will pay you to investigate. Three Hundred Seventeen REPEAT WITH LOTZ I N WORKING with the Skull Staff for the post year, it hos been our aim to help produce on annual which is the leader in its closs. We hope that wc have been successful to the end that, ycor offer year, the advice of each retiring Skull Stoff will be Engravers and Designers of Neorly 100 Yeor Books Annually ffe Inp7 photo EnoRftvinc compftny | ■ I2th ond CHERRY STREETS PHILADELPHIA Makers of Cnqravinqs in this Publication It takes more than FLASHY UNIFORMS to make a REAL FOOTBALL TEAM! v . • and it takes more than paper , ressitork and ink to make a REAL RECORD ROOK ♦ ♦ I'UMUNANCWET (Hr Who Shoot the Start) . . . who data to attempt even the unattainable with the comeioui pride of an unconquerable spirit. Every outstanding football tcom is the result of expert training. Every mon on thot teem hos been drilled in the fine points of his particular position ond in daily scrimmage has met and overcome every kind of obstacle. The tcom os a whole hos dreomed, tolked, played, and thought football constantly ... in other words they hove specialized and os specialists arc the ONLY ones adequately equipped to represent their school on the gridiron. In a like manner, the printer who specializes in yearbooks is the ONLY printer who can give you the outstanding book you ond your school hove a right to expect. He alone has the special experience ... the special training . . . the special skill ond obilify to successfully solve the complicated problems which arise in school and college annual production. He is constantly planning, designing, producing, and thinking yearbooks . . . ond is thus adequately equipped to co-opcrotc with you in every way. To him your yearbook is the precious, living volume that is to preserve the memory of those ncvcr-to-bc-duplicated school and college days ... he values your book as his special business . . . and never regards it as just so much paper, presswork and ink to keep his presses running. When a staff place their Annual in our hands they have at their disposal a constructive, comprehensive service; embracing all phases of production from the originol planning, layout, etc. to the finished book; o service seasoned by years of cumulative knowledge in this line of work, ond opplied understanding and sympathetically to your specific oims. Your book will be in the bonds of a SPECIALIST. ★ ★ ★ CLARK PRINTING 2 13 0 Arch P h i I a d e HOUSE; Inc. Street I p h S a.