Siskiyou Union High School - White and Gold Yearbook (Weed, CA)

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lamath ational orest The primary purposes of the National Forests, as stated by Congress, are: a. To furnish a continuous supply of timber for the use and necessities of citizens of the United States. b. To secure favorable conditions of water flows. Those continue to be far-seeing and wise purposes served by these wildland properties. ln l89l Congress provided for establishment of forest reserves Know known at National Forestsl to save what was left of the public-domain forest resources from destructive exploitation and rapid dissipation. Large areas of publicly owned timber were being taken by speculators through loose handling of the public land laws or through out- right fraud. The headwaters of many streams sub- iect to serious floods were being seriously damaged by destructive logging and fires, and by unrestricted grazing. For similar reasons, Congress later enacted the Weeks Law and other laws authorizing the cre- ation of additional National Forests. There are now l5l National Forests, adminis- tered by the Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. They comprise some T81 million acres of land in 39 States, including Alaska and Puerto Rico. As never-ending sources of water, timber, forage, wildlife, and recreation, they serve nation- wide needs and help to stabilize local communities dependent on these resources. The conservation- through wise use-of all these resources and ser- vices, on a coordinated basis, is a controlling aim in the management of these public properties. All land is to be devoted to its most productive use for the permanent good of the whole people and not for the temporary benefit of individuals or companies . . . where conflicting interests must be reconciled, the question will always be decided from the standpoint of the greatest good of the greatest number in the long run. This policy was announced in i905 by Secretary of Agriculture Tama Jim Wilson when the Forest Service was established and charged with the management of the National Forests. lt has been the guiding prin- ciple of national-forest administration ever since. Protection, development, and management of the National Forests is primarily a Federal respon- sibility because: l. They provide in addition to a timber supply for current needs, an assured reserve of forest resources for na- tional emergencies, for national defense and security. 2. Flood prevention and other beneficial regulation of waterflows through protection, are largely interstate problems. The Small Watershed Act of the 83rd Con- gress recognizes anew the high priority of upstream flood prevention and watershed management. lt author- izes the Department to cooperate with local governments and citizens in this work and to install flood prevention measures directly on Federal lands, Many streams which are the actual or potential source both of floods and of useful water for industrial, agri- cultural, or domestic purposes, cross State boundaries. The streamflow may cause damage or be used 500 or 1,000 miles from where it falls as rain or snow. States or individuals are not likely to undeidake the iob of watershed protection for the benefit of downstream communities and users in other States. 3. The National Forests serve as great demonstration areas of the type of good forest and related wildland man- agement needed in the interests of national welfare. They provide yardsticks for desirable conservation prac- Many National Forest areas are in use as Wilder- tices. ness Areas, others are used for research, along with their other uses. fStable ownership is essential for long- term demonstrations, continuous wilderness conditions, and experimentationj 4. The National Forests are managed for a continuous yield of all their resources for the benefit of their owners- the people of all the United States. This multiple-use management aims to bring about the development and wise use of all their resources iwater, timber, forage, minerals, wildlife, recreation, and otherj, not iust of one or two of them. It brings the largest total of re- turns and benefits to the largest number of people. 5. Historically, other countries have been gravely weakened -some, such as those in and near the middle East, to a desperately low economic level-because of their fail- ure to provide for conserving basic soil, water, and forest resources. 6. Tax money from all parts of the country Knot iust the local peoplet has gone into their development. They represent an investment over a long period of years on behalf of all the people. 7. Few States or individuals could, or should be expected to meet the heavy costs of protecting adequately those great tsolid and intermingledt areas within the National Forests-the noncommercial lands-which produce no money return, but nevertheless have highly important watershed and other interstsate public values. The well-being and future security of every citi- zen depend in part on both the protective and the productive functions of forests. The National For- ests exercise vital functions of that type in regard to water and soil. As a result, they protect the downstream communities and concurrently benefit the agricultural economy, the development of hy- droelectric industries, and the general welfare of rural and urban peoples. Also, because National Forests provide a sustained-yield source of raw materials for a wide variety of industries and a favorable invironment for wildlife and recreation, they constitute an important element in the eco- nomic stability, progress, and welfare of the Nation. Faced as we are with continuing world emergencies, and with an increasing population, it is obvious that we must make wise use of all our natural resources, because they are indispensable for our defense and our standard of living. . ,, 5