Senn High School - Forum Yearbook (Chicago, IL)

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THE FORUM Fifteen glassware, and a small library on the biology of the Pacific northwest. A steamer is employed to transport parties to points of vantage among the islands as well as to manipulate the dredge used in exploring the deep waters of the channels and bays in search of bottom forms. The cost of living is minimized as far as possible. Tent houses are pro- vided as sleeping quarters at about 56.00 for six weeks, whether occupied by one or more persons. The tents are IOXI2 feet. Table board is furnished at 34.00 or 84.50 per week. This is gauged over a period of years in such a manner that the Station neither gains nor loses. The same is true of tents and their equipment. The cost of a stay of six weeks at the station, including the incidental ,fee of SI0.00 board and lodging need not exceed 5550.00 A person doing research work without the help of an instructor does not pay the incidental fee. A maximum of six semester hours of credit may be U. S. Fish Commission Buildings Wood's Hull. earned at the Station during a session and these will be accepted at par by any of the affiliated institutions. The biological station at VVoods-Holl, Mass., is situated on the north shore of Vineyard Sound at the entrance of Buz- zard's Bay. This location gives it an exceptional advantage for study and research. The shore is varied by necks, points, bays, and islandsg there are also numerous fresh water ponds and lakes in the vicinityg and there is no muddy river or city sewage to pollute the sea water. The flora and fauna are excep- tionally richg the climate is especially favorable for summer work: and the place is free from the distractions of fashionable resorts. The laboratory is a four story brick building and two and three story wooden buildings, which are supplied with run- ning sea and fresh water, gas and elec- tricity. The library has many reference books and the most important journals on zoology, physiology, and botany. The supply department is equipped with boats, including a steam launch, two gas- oline motor boats, and a number of row boats, wharves, Hoating cages, fish traps, two of which are in operation through- out the summer months, seines, dredges, tangles, trawls, and tow nets. A limited number of rooms are sup- plied by the laboratory to its members at prices ranging from 51.00 to 34.00 per week a person. Room accommodating one or two persons may be obtained near the laboratory at prices varying from 52.00 to 36.00 per week and up. Board is supplied to members of the laboratory and of the United States Bureau of Fish- eries Station, and their immediate fami- lies at The Mess, at 55.00 per week. The price to others is 57.00 per week. The number of students that can be ac- commodated in the laboratory is limited and therefore no one should reach Woods-Holl without previous correspon- dence. The fee for each of the courses in botany or zoology, as well as for a table for an investigation under supervision is 550.00 Students are expected to sup- ply their own microscopes, slides, and cover glasses, and a good sectioning ra- zor. Courses of instruction run from the last week in june to the second week in August. Facilities for research are available throughout the year, and a col- lector furnishes any material desired, if it is ordered beforehand. Practically all the colleges and universities give full credit for work done in botany and zo- ology at VVoods-Holl. The amount given varies with the course taken and whether or not an examination is passed. There are two courses offered in bo- tany practically every year. One is a course in the morphology and taxonomy of Algae, and the other in Physiology and Ecology of Marine Strand and Bog vegetation. A course in zoology is de- signed for those who have had previous training in zoology and for those having a professional interest in the subject, Research in biology was one of the

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Ellie minlngirul Svtatinna nf the Mnrlh V 6 1 w T the beginning of the ' N ' investigation o f minute forms of life, students searched d i t c h e s, ponds, and lakes for the organisms which they studied. Today zoologists are more fascinated with the richness of the mar- ine fauna. Numerous animal groups of common occurence in the sea were found to be missing in fresh water, and the as- tounding richness of the tropical and sub-tropical oceans with which Euro- pean investigators came early in contact on the shores of the Mediterranean and in the new lands of the tropics, entirely overshadowed the life that had been found hitherto in ponds or ditches, Many marine forms were not only dazzling in beauty of form and in the brilliancy of their color, but also proved to be con- necting links in the evolution of the plant and animal kingdom. The quieter, more unassuming fresh water forms in the temperate regions could make no corresponding impression on the minds of the observers. So the scientific world went to the seashore to study and every- where along the coast of Europe and even in the tropical islands are found the vacation resorts of scientists. The interest in the life of the sea led to the foundation of marine stations, among which that of Naples was the First. To Bohemia belongs the honor of having had the first building for lacus- trine investigation, in the form of the B0- hemian Portable Laboratory which is un- der the direction of Professor Fritsch of the University of llraguc. In Finland is the laboratory of Esborliifii on one of the small islands which, although pri- marily a marine station, is located so near bodies of fresh water that it has conducted valuable investigations of fresh-water fauna. In Germany all types of stations are represented. Proh- ably the best known fresh water station in the world is that on Lake Pliin in Holstein. f,g?V'i ing But why should the American scien- tist go to Europe to do research work, when we have equally good stations, such as Friday Harbor and XVoods-Holl? The biological station at Friday Har- bor is an outgrowth of the work in mar- ine cxploration carried on for many years by the University of XVashington and other institutions. In 1904, a mar- ine station was established at Friday Harbor on the Island of San juan, Arch- ipelago, and since then sessions have been held there every summer. It is un- der the direction of Professor Trevor Kincaid of the University of Vlfashing- ton, and Professor T. C. Frye and Pro- fessor XV. J. Baumgarten of the Univer- sity of Kansas. The purpose of this station is to en- able biologists to pursue their researches on marine life in one of the richest tields for biology on the coast of the United States-to enable teachers and students to study animals and plants in their nat- ural habitants, to serve the state of XVashington and the Northwest through the study of its commercial forms of marine animals and plants, and to serve as a meeting place for biologists to af- ford mutual inspiration and exchanges of ideas. i This station located in the northern section of Puget Sound, surrounded by waters unrivaled for, their wealth of ocean life, is an ideal place for the study of marine organisms, while the land Hora and fauna of the islands present a favorable opportunity for the study of many striking species of birds, plants, and insects. In the spring of 1910, a commodious building was constructed which contains upon the main floor a general laboratory for class work, the office of the director and a store-room for two large salt wa- ter aquaria. The second door is occu- pied hy a lecture room, and nine rooms for the convenience of persons engaged in research work. The third story is utilized as a store room and drying loft. The equipment of the Station includes microscopes and general laboratory

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Sixtee n THE FORUM tirst subjects to receive consideration at the Carnegie Institution of lVashington. They leased a ten-acre tract of land at Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, New York. On this tract is a main labora- tory, an office building, animal house. Director's residence, greenhouses, pig- eon houses, cat house and a house on Goose Island together with some minor buildings for conducting investigation on plants and animals in a state of isola- tion. The station is under the direction of Professor Davenport. This Institu- tion also owns lwenty-one additional acres within a mile of its main buildingsg tifteen miles of this are wooded, and the rest is used as an experimental gar- den, They also have a laboratory at Tus- con, Arizona, equipped for the special needs of botanical research in desert areas. The principal laboratories of the Department of Marine Biology are located at Logger Head, Kentucky, and Tortugas, Florida. The Tortugas lab- oratory is one of the best equipped trop- ical marine stations in the world. The object of these stations is to pur- sue intensive studies upon problems of the tropical ocean. They otl'er distin- guished investigators exceptional oppor- tunities to pursue those researches, for which the tropics atford peculiar advan- tages. The result is that during the past ten years, forty-nine investigators have made one hundred and eight visits to these laboratories and many discoveries in biology and geology have resulted. The Marine Biological Station at San Diego, California is as yet very small, but there are possibilities of opening this station as an educational as well as a research station. Through investigation in the case ot' those stations which do not carry on di- rectly any educational work and through the teaching of those which do conduct summer instruction courses, the teaching of natural history throughout our coun- try will be greatly improved. Alma Lorentzen. Laboratory and Tent. Houses at Friday Harbor, Puget Sound, Wash,