Selwyn House School - Yearbook (Montreal, Quebec Canada)

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FOR THE SCHOOL YEAR 19-104 I9-ll jfur tne'Il conquer I 11'1111 11111-0 111011501111 man, rlzr 1101111 I'11 t'01IqIlz'i', C011g11e1' Pt'l'51!l, Egypf, B!ZAVX'10lI1!Z. T116 Great .5'fa'.f J-1I07'UJ' l'11f0110:cr 101111 my 111711-Y, .11111 110-1:11 11n' gzwzi' EI1f71Il'lZ1z'.1' 1 -:c111g0. .l1r lZl'l1I'V,fi0110fL' l1It',fi0I' ice 1111111 14011011111- .1.YZ'll, f011q11ar1z111111' u'0r1111 11 -15111, ,11111 511611165 1101191 You 111i11k 1101 50 ? .ll-Vf1'1t'11z1, 11711671 I 5111211 I'I11c' 11111 -:c'0r111, UV011 1:0111 1c210-za' bt'11t'1'. 111111 fI'Il11IlI71c' .fi.x'1'v 1111111021 ,m'0p1v 11715 111-X' !Z7'I11,Y 01' 501118 111121-v fl101f.l'fZ11l!. I'11fr1g1z1r11 1111121 '1111pee1111f1'r .fk17I, '1111 100.ff' T11air 601185, '1i11 ,r111zke f1Ic'1l' 1m'111, '1111f1'f'rif' 11It'11' 1100111 A'0f0110u', IZVIII-V,bf-0110iL',.fi07' 1:1911 r011q11w', 11'e'11rofzqzm-1111111111 1IZIl11.f, 2:1911 l'01IqIlt'7'fll7' l'11111mr11 11p .f11a11.fpmk, carl: mr .f111z1111f'1zr, Earl: 1111111 .v1z1z11ff'f11' 1110 urzmv 01' i11v.wz11111'z'1 il. S. C., Form 6. The 'Q1IeIlu. The 'cello is of the same family as the violin. lts strings are tuned to perfect fifths and are an octave lower than those of the viola. In the time of Bach the 'cello was called a viol de gamba. The instrument was a good deal different from the modern 'cello. The body was almost as wide as the linger- board. Towards the middle of the nineteenth century, a tail pin was used for the first time. This is a round piece of wood which is put or screwed in, and a piece of iron may be adjusted from inside the wood. Sometimes instead of this piece of wood there would be a similar piece of iron which is adjusted from inside the instrument. XYithout this the 'cello would be very hard to play. The player had to use most of his strength in holding the 'cello with his knees, so that he could not play for a very long time without resting them. The 'cello, at that time, may have been harder to play than the violin. The bow at that time Q19th century! was curved until a man named Tartini changed it. It happened like this: f When Tartini was once conducting his orchestra, one of the violinists broke his bow. Tartini fixed the bow, and gave it back to the musician. The bow was no longer curved. The orchestra played again and Tartini suddenly stopped the orchestra and made the violinist play on. He found that the violinist had a nicer tone than any of the string players. Since then, the bows have been straight. The music for the 'cello is usually written in the tenor or bass clefs, and sometimes in the treble clef. lThe tenor clef is one note below the treble.l There are about twelve or fourteen positions in the 'cello. My Eve favourite 'cellists arez- C13 Pablo Casals. C23 Emanuel Feuermann. C35 Gregor Piatigorsky. C-U Joseph Schuster. C35 Zara Nelsova. The inventor of the 'cello was Stradivarius. C. C., Form 3B. l15l

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SELWYN HOUSE SCHOOL MAGAZINE Ulm jfailure of the Zltalians in Qlhania anh Egypt. I think that the man reason why the Italians have lost so many battles in Greece and Albania is because of their morale. The Italians started their invasion from a con- quered country, while the Greeks were Fighting to defend their homeland against conquest by the Italians. There is only one man in Italy who wanted war, and that man is Mussolini. His troops are forced fu tight, or else they face a tiring squad. At first the Italian army managed to cross the Voyusa river near the Greek town of Konitza, but in three days they were pushed back over the border by the Greek army. This army was led by General Papagos, and among the regiments in it were the famous skirted Ifvzones, long renowned for their brave mountain lighting. .After being thrown back in their original invasion, the Italians fell back to Koritza and Argyrokastro, both important supply bases. Both of these towns were captured by the Greeks in a short time. The Italians were disheartened by these Greek successes, and they steadily dropped back. The Greek advance continued, the army capturing Pogradetz, Porto Ifdda, and Klisura after a series of short and brilliant sieges. The Greeks are now besieging Valona, an important seaport for supplying Mussolini's troops. This town too will soon fall, for the Italian army has no heart in the war, and their troops are not well trained in mountain warfare. They had one division, however, which had long been trained for mountain war. But these Centauri, as they were called, were soon defeated by the Greeks near Pogradetz, and many of their number were captured. Another major factor in the defeat of the Italians is the command of the sea by the Royal Navy. There is a constant patrol in the Adriatic, watching for Italian supply and troop ships. Many of these ships have been sunk, and the Italians have great difliculty in supplying their troops. The Royal Air Force lighter squadrons have been a great help to the Greek Air Force in strating Italian troops and in driving the Italians from the air. Many Italian air bases in .Albania have been bombed into uselessness or captured. Help in other lines has also been given profusely by Great Britain. YYith regard to the failure of the Italian blitzkrieg into Fgypt, I believe that once Marshal Graziani reached Sidi Barrani, he ought to have pushed on, instead of waiting so long for supplies and reinforcements. IYhen the British counter-blitz did come, the Italians were ill-supplied, so they at once fell back to Sollum, just inside the Egyptian border. Here too they were speedily driven out. Then the Italians retreated to Bardia, within which the Italian army was besieged for two weeks. Marshal Graziani had retired, because of all the reverses suffered by the Italian army. The British had advanced seventy miles in four days. The condition of the defenders of Bardia was wretched. The Italian army had no way of supplying itself with food and water. The perfect co-ordination of the three British services hastened the end. At last, after many days of long bombardments, the final attack came. In the fore- front were many Australians, and they played a large part in mopping up the Italians. Many Italians gave up without a struggle, but a few fought till the end. Now, again, the British tanks are pushing on towards Tobruk, which I am sure will soon fall, as it is being besieged. I think that if the British and Greek successes keep on at the same rate, the Italian empire will be wiped otf the map, and Italy will be forced to drop out of the war. l'I'obruk, Derna, and Bengasi have since fallen. I'id.l H. MCL., Form 5. I HI

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SIQIAYYN HOUSE SCHOOL NIAGAZINE Cdlamuuflage. The use of camouflage in warfare is as old as war itself. One has only to look at the many animals which rely upon their particular markings for safety against their enemies. For instance, the striped tiger stalking through the tall grass, or a caterpillar lying on the bough ol' a tree. Shakespeare, in one of his plays, speaks of an army being able successfully to storm a castle because the soldiers concealed themselves by carrying branches of trees. This method is still sometimes used to hide gun emplacements, but camouhage, as it is used to-day, is a highly-developed art. The Great War saw a tremendous advance in the use of camouflage. It was dis- covered then that a ship or aeroplane which had been dazzle-painted became much more elusive to the enemy, and a few sheep painted in whitewash on the green grass of the flying field would appear so realistic that no one looking down would suspect an aerodrome. Nowadays a much greater problem faces the camouflage expert. He must not arouse the suspicions of the enemy by doing his job too well. Sometimes this is done for a reason, however, and the disguise becomes a trap to make the enemy waste his ammuni- tion or lure him within range of the guns. The Chinese, in their war with Japan, have proved themselves particularly clever in building fake targets. One of their favourite tricks is to erect a complete airfield with hangars composed of bamboo frameworks covered with painted paper. Curiously enough, there is no need to level the ground when building one of these faked airlields. Seen from a high altitude the levelled ground still shows the places where the bushes and trees have been removed, even when they are no longer to be seen when one is on the ground itself. This peculiarity of the ground has been of the greatest help to archaeologists. Aerial photographs have often revealed the existence of ruined cities which have lain buried for centuries and completely camoullaged by sand, grass and the passage of time. G. w. L., Form 3A. Qfanahas mar Qfffnrt. A year ago when England was plunged into war, Canada expressed a wish to do all she could to help Britain. When France gave in, Canada's help was even more needed, not only in supplying men for service, but also in making guns, aeroplanes, ammunition, trucks and war-supplies. I think Canada ought to do everything in her power to help Britain in this war against German might. The Ford Company of the Cnited States disappointed many people by turning down the contract for aeroplane-motors Britain offered the company. We must remember, however, that the Ford Plant in Xvindsor, Ontario is making three hundred and fifty war trucks a day. These are not all of one kindf there are trucks for transporting men, ar- l16l