U E n . A I. 1 I-cf ,fs 1 ' - -'fl v,, ' , ..' YV ' D L .1 4 L Q ' I V l ! . ol ... , - f 4 JI f 'n4 2- U' : .du' .vfl v 1 a . '1 -.-l 14. 4 - JJ'--' Q ,'+.-o Yo' a A f ix' T Q Y V q n 0 Q 1' he year zbunls 1921 77151, . 'f 'A4i' ? N if 1- TNQ !'K -Wig' A 'Ak NM, uiqwl 4-2, xxx! 1:41 . IJ T N xx wuhlisbcn hp :bc Senior Qlluss Salem Stare Jmurmul Qcbnul Zo tlje jfacuffp Zo tliose wl5o Save so earnestfy ano untiringfp aioeo us in promoting our eoucation, we oeoif cate our Boofi in sincere gratituoe ano appreciation V 1 ft' is 4- . '- as h V Miss Harriet Laura Martin On November 27, 1920, the Salem State Normal School lost one of its most loyal friends by the death of Miss Harriet Laura Martin, who passed away at her home after a very brief illness. Miss Martin had been a member of the Salem Normal School faculty for fifty-one years, resigning from active service in December, 1918. She was born in Salem, received her education in the schools of the city, and had always made her home there. In September of 1865, she entered the State Normal School with the twenty-third class, graduating at the completion of the regular two years' course, during the principalship of Dr. Daniel B. Hagar. Her unusual ability made it possible for the Board of Education to invite her to become an instructor of mathematics, and she began her duties at once in the autumn of 1867. Her term of service was unbroken. but her teaching sometimes included other subjects besides mathematics. During the last few years, when the courses in higher mathematics were discontinued, she became the librarian, conducting classes in library practice, as well as attending to the duties which one naturally associates with that position. Miss Martin has always been a very valuable member of the Salem Normal Association and one of its most dependable workers. She has held practically all of the ofilices of lllllJO1't2ll1CC in the association, serving as Treasurer from 1897- 1900, Vice-President from 1900-190-al, President from 1907-1910, and Recording Secretary from 1916-1919. At the time of her death she held the position of Fustodian of Records, the new oflice created in 1919, to which she was unani- mously elected at the triennial celebration of that year. Her intimate knowledge of the many classes which had passed under her care and her intense interest in all things concerning the school and its welfare, made her of inestimable worth at the council table of the Board of Directors or the less formal committee meet- ings and personal conferences. At the triennial reunion in 1919 a reception was given in honor of Miss Martin, and the large number of former students who exchanged a word of greeting with her was a delightful testimonial to the esteem in which she has always been held. Gisirrnnnis B. Gonnsmrrn. :lx 1 As a student in Miss Martin's earlier classes, l wish to express my admiration of her wonderful power as a teacher of mathematics. and my appreciation of her warm-hearted interest in her students. 'l'o some of the girls she seemed at first a hit nnappl-oacliahle, for she was at all times a very dignified and gracious lady, and some ol' the students stood in awe of her. Many of them were immature girls who had not been taught to take responsibility and who had not yet come into f'unt.:u't with many persons outside ol' their little circle ol' home friends. To those of ns, however, who liked work and who saw Miss Mal't.in's keen appreciation of fnn hehind her rather austere exterior. she hecame a very human teacher, and we loved her dearly. Miss Martin was my girlish ideal of what a strong teacher and a lovely woman might lie and she is still. .li-:ssnc l'. Liafmovn. f Miss Martin's love for the beautiful, the good, and the true in life, won for her a place in the hearts of many students. Her quiet and unassuming way of helping those who needed help was known and greatly appreciated by all who knew her. Her faithfulness in discharging a duty, whether it was pleasant or unpleasant, is an example and an lllS1Jl1'3.lZlOl1 to those who were privileged to come into contact with her. Such a noble, sweet, broad-minded woman will always be held in loving memory by the students of the Salem Normal School. ll'lARION ROGERS. To have known and worked with so beautiful a character as Miss Martin was one of the privileges of my life. The cordiality and sincerity of her manner endeared her to all. So earnest and dignified was her bearing when she was busy with her daily duties that many people did not realize how merry she could be, nor how keen was her sense of humor. Her many-sidedness was to me her greatest charm. Her understanding and loving appreciation of the child's point of view gave her a fund of stories, which she would often relate in a delightful way. I always came away from her presence refreshed by her happy atmosphere and inspired by her broad sympathies and optimistic views of life. M. ALICE VVARREN. It is not easy to condense an appreciation of a strong woman and an eflicient and influential teacher into a single paragraph. Miss Martin possessed unusual strength of character. Her manner was simple, direct, and straightforward in her every act, whether in her pe1'sonal or her professional life. She was orderly, systematic, and exacting to the last degree, but withal, she was kindly, considerate. and sympathetic in her relations with her students and with all with whom she came into contact. She was thoroughly devoted to her life work, and she was intensely loyal to the institution which she served so long and so well, to her fellow workers, to her students, and especially to the host of graduates who had, in more than half a century, received in her classroom the emanations from a great soul and a noble professional spirit. J. ASBURY PITMAN. At Sunrise The distant bay reflects the golden glow That spreads o'er earth and sky when comes the sun: Faint sounds arise from city streets below, Which tell me that the day has now begun. Still on the hill I linger, for the scene Is one of quiet beauty and of peace: A sea of trees, it seems, with roofs between, And lofty. silent spires the awe increase. For when one stands alone, far from the din Of earth, and shuts out every sordid sight, One feels deep awe and reverence for Him Who made this world so beautiful and bright. FAITH H. SCHULTZE. 7 Class Officers PRESIDENT, DOROTHY R. CORBALLIS VICE-PRESIDENT, MARY E. DREW SECRETARY, JOSEPHINE M. MCCARTHY TREASURER, INGRID I. LIUKKONEN Editorial Staff EDITORS UfJRO'1'HY C. PEASE MARIE M. CLORAN MARY E. DREW GERTRUDE M. LARNARD ICIINA fi HODGKINS KA'I'I'IERINI5 L. OTT ART EDITORS MARIIIN A. STEVENS MARGARICT E. HALEY BUSINESS MANAGERS ll1rIiH'I'IIY IC. KI'INNI'I'I'T f'A'I'lH'IRlNI'I V. I'1I'l'ZGl'lRAlD ., f' A kj. A .rg Y yy j Nil f f QA -' -Q ' v W. ff ji' ' ' ' X Q! X K Sn-S w DITORIAL . Throughout the world there is more or less unrest and dissatisfaction, This can be traced to several distinct causes. Periods of reconstruction following any war, and especially this war, with its far-reaching effects, are marked by uncer- tainty and disturbance. These effects are both political and economic. Political dissatisfaction is due chiefly to distrust. At the present time 'there is friction between nations, as well as between classes or parties in any single country. So many questions of international importance have arisen that 'there has been great opportunity for doubt and distrust. The policy of the National Government has been a point of dispute. Even since the change of parties men have felt as if a noticeable change in political and economic conditions should have been evident. The people should be patient, for much must be accomplished be- fore conditions can become normal again. Social institutions, business, in fact. everything. has been so affected that establishment of pre-war conditions cannot be attained without the earnest, willing co-operation of every employer and em- ployee in business and every citizen in the country. During the war, business was inflated, everyone had plenty of work and wages were extremely high. With the close of the war, conditions were reversed: business slumped, orders were cancelled. people were thrown out of work, and then there was an effort to reduce wages in many lilies of business. Thus, much suffer- ing was caused, because the living expenses remained very nearly where they were during the war. People out of work were the ones who felt the changes most, and they were apt to become embittered or cynical. These were not the only people who have been influenced by the unnatural business situation. Many young vnen and women, some without high school education, have received more pay than people with training used to receive. These young, inexperienced workers will not find it easy to adapt themselves to the new and normal conditions. They 'will not accept willingly the wages and hours of work which they had before the war. It is unfortunate that they should have begun work under such false impressions. Some way of improving these conditions must be found before we can have peace and goodwill throughout this country or the world. We must, before .ill things, have faith that the goodwill among nations and harmony at home will be restored. Time is the best leveler of differences. yet we must not leave it all to time. Each of us must do his part. y 9 There have been changes in the educational world, as well as in business. Leaders in education are putting before us new ideals and offering new responsibili- ties. They tell us to socialize the activities of the schoolg that is, they advise us to make a close connection between the child's daily life outside of the schoolrooni and playground, to lead the children to work and play in groups so that they may learn the spirit of co-operation in accomplishing an end which is for the good of the whole. We have received the inspiration, and we a1'e now eager to begin the work. We have all thought of the things we shall accomplish when we have a school of our own. It is only natural that we should be anxious to put into prac- tice some of the ideas we have gained, but we are nevertheless not over-confident of our ability to attain the standards set before us. There is no real test for us until we try for ourselves without the help of a kindly supervisor, the theories and devices we have learned. It is our duty to see that the new aims and methods are carried out in such a manner as to convince the parents that 'their children are being educated in a broad senseg that they will be able to meet the conditions of life because they have been led to study the conditions which they have already met and have learned to think. Both faculty and students realize the need of dormitories. Every day there is a mad scramble to get to school, and at the end of a crowded day to get home again. There is little opportunity for social intercourse. Every moment spent in the building is filled with little duties and big tasks. If there were dormitories, there would be many a half or quarter of an hour for conversation or for walks and games, and occasionally an hour or two for picnics and informal parties. We should all have a stronger and I'llO1'9 vital interest in the school. For a few years the school would be our home. We should become more attached to the school than is now possible. The friendships we make would be firmer and the memories of the happy life here would be among the most pleasant memories that we could have. In 1919 Miss Goldsmith, as President of the Alumni Association, sent a mes- sage to one or more former students in various cities and towns, to ask 'them to start a Salem Normal School Club in their home towns. As a result, clubs were started in the following towns: Everett. Haverhill, Danvers, Quincy and Spring- field. ' The purpose of these clubs is to awaken and perpetuate a feeling of loyalty and to al 'd an opportunity for the graduates of earlier years to become acquainted with the -e recent graduates. lt is hoped that at some time in the future some- .thing may me done for the school. These clubs are at present very flourishing. They meet at regular intervals and aim to establish friendly social relations. The Danvers club has been 'taking lessons this winter under the direction ol' Mr. Whitney, and the money paid for these lessons by the members has been added to a fund which was started in order to do something for the school bye and bye. lt is hoped that students in the dilliereut high schools may be encouraged to enter the teaching profession through the inlluence ol' the clubs. ll: :lr :li :li 'l'he stall' wishes lu thank all who have helped make this year's book a success. We :sllolllfl like to express our appreciation nl' the kind advice and assistance of 'lic faculty, and the eo-operation ol' those students who have l'aitlil'ullv supported 'he ellorts ul' the stall. ln Commercial Seniors SIGXE H. AXDERSOX SIGN Barre October 241 'tSoniething is learned every tinie a book is opened. Secretary, Fen Clubg President, Tennis Clubg Debating Club GRACE H. CALLAXAX CAL . 13 Clark Street, Danvers February 9 HHer wit was more than nianeg her innocence, a Child's. Glee Club 5 Fen Club 3 Tennis Club 3 Debating Club ELIZABETH E. CROSBY ELIZABETH 6 Nichols Street, Wakefield March 24 A sudden thought strikes n1e!', Secretary, Glee Clubg Fen Clubg Tennis Clubg President, Debating Club MARY I. DEVAXEY RIAIXIE, uEX.x Lenox July 15 What is the short meaning of this long harangue ? President, Fen Clubg Secretary, Tennis Clubg Debating Club II J-rg: '42 L ,,,, rf , f N ' . 5 , Q or -9 nf- ? A TJ af H ' f ,, ' 6' SP' -Q ELIZA HICTH U. HOIIAX BICSS .,, 1'11i1111 S1111-ct. South 1111111111011 J1l11llg1l'X' 5 dk Ile 11'1111s11 111l1l1fI1l1S 11i11'111' 11111 111 s11:1111- 11111 111'11ss. What 111111'1's 1111-1, 1l10l'l' 11111 11111 1-x11r1-ss. F1-11 11111111 111-1111ti11g' L'11111 MANY Ii. 111'111,1iY MARY S 11l'1l1'L' Sll'1'1'1. -XS11l110Ilf M511 :1 1 S11L' is 111-1-111' 111 11'2111i with 111111 witlx' 111 1:1111 with 111111 1111--N-1111 1111 4 111 11l1l1k ou. 1 1 ' 1 ' 1-11-v 111111: 1'Q'11 111111: 111-11111111g 1111111 l1111111'1'11Y 1 1 17X111 'l'11 1i1 YY1 '1 1' DOT Wuxi Nl'11'1JLll'y X011-11111111' 30 1 llt'X'l'I' 14111-11' S11 y111111g il 1111111 with so 11111 21 1111a111. 1 1-11 1111111 '1'111111is l'111111 Sl'1'1'L'12lI'V. 111-1111111111 1111111 . P 1- -1 .lH51',1'111X1z11.N11'1'.X11'1'11Y .111 13141 S111I11Il4'1' S11'l'f'1, S111111-1111111 l,l'K'l'111l1l'1' IT 'ZX lllilll 111- 111l11'1'f. 211111 411' ll12l1Il1l'1'S, 11111.' I :T 1'11'1I 1111111 'I1l'11111F 1'11111 O 1111.111-I l'I1.1Z1X111-I'1'11 N11-1l1X1,1-IY l111X111, 1 1'1I11. 511111. 54111111 11:11111111111 01111.11 111 1111111-l:1I111l1. 1111' 11111111-fl .1111 111' 111':111'll.u 1'.l'Il 1'1lI11Q 111'11:11IIl! 1411111 I ALICE P. MPYAMARA AL 60 Haskell Avenue, Clinton December 22' The world must be getting olfl, l think: it dresses so very soberly now. Fen Clnbg Tennis Club ARTEMTSTA METTLMAN .uxr 17' Raekliit Street, Gloueester February 2? Dispatch is the soul of business. Fen Clubg Tennis Clubg Debating Club Nl. BTANCHE NITLBERY IYLANCUE S Fairmount Avenue, Walqelielfl March 18 Experience is the ehilfl of Thought, and Thought is the ehiltl of Aetion. We eannot learn men from books. Fen Clubg Tennis Clubg Debating Club HELEN B. CYDONNELL LRNA, Drum 51 Salem Street, Fitchburg August 18 'tThe present interests me more than the past, and the future more than the present? Fen Club 3 Dramatic Clubg Tennis Clubg Debating Club KATHERINE LUCY OTT KAY Holman Street, Shrewsbury March 24 allen of few words are the best men. Fen Clubg Tennis Club 13 As X. , ' igiiixx ,J X, . PQ' Q 3 Q S... X an 4,15 , . . V . ff T. f ' ' w .-CX t' v Q .-nn? - I A fi- Q MARY RLIZARRTII SCRTLLY MARY -G 2? Highland Avenue, Somerville Mayig Men are never so likely to settle a question rightly as when they dis- cuss it freely. of Fen Club A Of DORA ORRTRVDIC TVTEIX lo' ' TFTP: '3 Allen Road, Rilleriea NOVGll1lJ01' 16 l have a passion for statistics. Fen Clubg Tennis Clubg Debating Flubg Orchestra A. MTLDRRD WARD 1, MILDRICD 9 Yorth f'hehnsl'ord June S I No never say' nothin' without you're compelled tu. An' then don't say nothin' thet you can be held tu. tllee tllubg l en t'luh THE COMMERCIAL SENIORS WOULD BE SURPRISED IF- Signe Anderson couldn't quote the book. Grace Callanan praised Pitman shorthand. Elizabeth Crosby didn't talk when she had a chance. Mary Devaney forgot to tell us that she hasn't done a thing all year. Iiessie Horan couldn't tell us what to do and when to do it in golf. Mary Hurley got to school on time. lint Kennett ever accepted any fact without having: it proved. Josephine Mcfarthy handed in an untidy pape1'. Grace Mcllinley couldn't add something' to the discussion. Alice McNamara didn't dance in the tryin at noon. Arteinisia Mehhnan didn't get comfortably seated. lllanche Milbcry ever used any slanxz. Ilelen O'lJonnelI didn't begin her recitation with Well. Katherine Ott made a speech in the main hall at the morning exercises. Mary Sculley ever arrived in time for chorus on Friday. Iiora 'l'utein had to hunt for a job. Mildred Ward did not take home her green note book. ff: ?S Blooinlielml Street. Lynn September 143 Intermediate Seniors OLIYIA A. KELLER BABY ANXE A HS Mit. l'leasant Street. Woburn .Tune '25 T iii' lv we O' A quiet tongue shows a wise head. We woumler what Miss lielle1 s broaml interests arel Tennis Club W ALTHEA PATCH C A L A ease not yet mleeidecl! ls the broken arni in use again? Treasurer, Drauiatie Club 5 Tennis Club DOROTHY C. PEASE DOT 235 North Avenue, Wakefield July 43 -1 The Ciree of the elass. Art Clubg Vice-Presiclent, Draniatie Clubg Tennis Club MARION FLORENCE ROGERS ' BURT v - - - I ll horthey Street, Salein July 2:1 'ju R, , .. it ' A lady ol pleasure. We know, and wonder it everyone else kiioxrs. irhx' her eyes are always A A' looking out the wiiulow. 0 ,qs ' -, . .A A iee-President, Art Clubg Dramatic Clubg Tennis Club MARION A. STEVENS , ' ,, V X v. 11 , HN' LITTLE oxn V e 33 Pearl Street. Reacling August 30 ,, s' T - Xow good digestion wait on appetite. ' 'S 5 T vw t And health on bothq 5 How long does it take Marion to reaeh the station when the eliek of ' her heels keeps time to the tick of her Watch? tw M Secretary, Art Clubg Dramatic Club 5 Tennis Club 15 FRANCES WTLLARIJ TORREY Flux flifl liast Sixth Street, South Boston July 3Q- 'LX liappy heart inakes a blooming Visage. You'd love my dog. if you eould only see hiin. - , Treasurer, Art Clubg Drannatic Club Ll'IYERl'I'l'T T. HOLDER LEVY 19 I-Ilniwoofl lload, Swainpsc-ott January 1 Friends, llolnans, Countrynicn, Lend nie your ears. Will you not speak to save a lady's blush? Kappa Delta Phig President, Drainatic l'1ub lill l'll C . lYll,l,l.XflIS lH l'llll'1 LSI Vlnntlniin Street. l..x'nu September I' l l'0lll some she east lll'I' modest eyes below: .Xt some her gazing glam-4-s roving lieu. Why sueh freilueul trips to Woreester, lluth? Pianist, tllee t'luh: Si-ei'etai'y, llfillllilllt' t'lub5 Tennis Club lleard in the literature class: Miss II.: You know, girls. that it isn't fashionable to be colorless nowadays. Given-'I'wo books, eight students, and twenty-hve questions to solve. Q. li. ID.-Ilow can this education lesson be done for the next day 'Z I'rool'-fNot yet worked outl. lJon't you wish you had been in the Intermediate Senior class? We could lead 'hw ehorus so well that Mr. A. didn't need to try us out. llistorieal tlu-oi-y has taught that too many questions must not be asked in a iofl-- tlu-w-l'oi-e we are oblixrecl to sit and listen to the clock tick. In oi-ch-r to liaw ii w'ell-balaneecl sehedule, plan for occasional rest periods,- h it is why we have liygiem- with Mr. W. several times a week. lf: Elementary Seniors ROSA J. -XBICIILIC i 9 49 Mystic Avenue, Somerville Allgllif 1 GT Thurston Str 170 Harvard St Do you not know l ani a woinan? What l think I inust speak. XAOMT ATKIXS eet, Somerville J une 1? Doing well depends on doing eoinpletel-V. Librarian. Glee f'lub: Tennis Club MARY J. BARRY reet, Medford Though I ani young. I scorn to tlit On the wines of borrowed wit. C Bird Club EYELYX SXOW BATES 129 Bradstreet Avenue, Revere There is not so variable a thing in Xature as a lady' Glee Club DOROTHY F. BURKE SG Washington Street. South Groveland S Max' 24 May 5 head-dress. January 19 UHQ draweth out the thread of his verbosity finer than the staple of his argument. Glee Clubg Dramatic- f'lubg Tennis f'lub 17 .IL 1 f' IA 4 . .ie J Yi , 4 n .3 L gf? 151.11111-INl'1f 1.. 111'11YS N1-111111111 .T1111' 1 l111 111111111lQ.. s1111e11111. 1ll'11lll1. 1111111111111 1111111- 1?1 '1'111111is 1111111 1i11X.1 11.11'.1111X1-18 II 1111111111 .xXl'11111x, 51111l1'l'1'1111' .1l1ll0 IN , '. I 4 1 11' 11111 1111111111 1'il1'I1 112111112 1111 11111 111l' S1111 111111 11111 111 111-11. K . 111'111112111l'1'11111:'1'1'111115t111111: l111l'114'F11'11 6 .1XN.1111'f1, 1'.1l'1,IN1'I 1'll.1l11,I-IS fp 1 111 114111111X S111-1-1. N1111'11111'.1'11111'1 .11111 'J 1.11114:'1111g1- 1111111 f1:1111N 21 11121111 -111-1114 111:11 1 111211 4l'l' 111111'. 11111111'l'11Y 11. 1'111'fX1fY 13 I - -QQ 11-X111'1'1 Nl1111111111'1' I 111111 11111 N1lI' 1111111 H11l'1' 111111' 111 111- 1'11'1' 111111. lQ1'11111'. :11111 11111'u? 11,11111'111.1'1.1111.X1Y ' '.'.1 1'.111-111111S11111,1g111111111131- S1-1111-111111'1' 1' H 1'111 11 -111111111,1111-11111,1111111111-1 111-111111111111'1g 1 ,X11l1I1 111'111111-1,N1ll'111'11.1f '111111'111'.NIl111'1141411l.1.u 111111111111 I IIOIIOTIIY VIRGINIA VUITITICIC 558 liastorn Avcuuv. Iflust I.yuu Juno ll IJot's l.'1TlIlil.Y z1ftc1'1u,m11 cfxlwvssiull: Wa-ll, this was il QOOII wuvk's l2ll'l01'.u H100 l'lub: lll4'l1lllSl'lllll HIIACE II. II'OI,I2 20 Myrtle Streot. Malden August 9 Faux would I climb, yvt fear I to fall I Bird Vlubg Vlll'll1llS Club DOROTIIY II. l'0IIPmAI,I,IS ' f ts,-15.8 ,gf 1. I' 161 Central AYGHIIO. Cllels-Ga Xm'e111b01' Z3 as Dot evidently thinks: It is a C'f'lllflltlOll whit-I1 lQ'0lllll'01llS us- not il llIGOl'y.u Tennis Club HICLIIY ll. COYI,I'I TG Central Street, Poabocly BlilI'L'll 15 'IHC that goes il-lNJI'1'OWlIlQ1', goes 21-su1'1'uu'i11g. -14 Rogers Avenue. Ly Gloe Club MYRTA I. C'I-LXWITI I II I1 Smooth runs the water llIl1QI'Q tbo brook is rlecfpf' Art Clubg Teuuis Club 19 llll I mfIu'1u11'x' 3 yi!- '01 X ff -4 ,-.A 4 I 3 C . .Q A 99 -sf -I '-9. QI ur. 'S I,HI'ISI-I I'. I3,XI.IfY XII Inxv Nlwlr. Snlmn Ollmlm I,iI'v and Iuw nm- uII I 1II'Oillll.h ,IIUIIIIIS l'IuIp .IILXXYA II. II.XI,Y N II III11 llle' 511114-I. Szllvln Ovfolmr 7 XII-IIlu11gIlI I Il1':Il'rI al YHII1' l'l'j'. '5IOCp N0 III IIi1wI l'I11I+: Ilmlxmliv 1'IllID1 'I'v1111is f'IuIr I XI.XIIY1i.lb,XI,Y II XII II Ytlwwt, Saxlvm ,Xpril I4 NI-x' qw- nmlw lm-11111-4 wIn-11 llwy am- shui. 'III'1'2lNllI't'l'. Iiirfl IIIIIIH Ilmnmuiq- I'IuIv: IIIUIIIII IIIIII 'l'IIIiI.NI.XI1.XNIHN Mlm.-1. Ip-ui-'II .Xugusf I, 'I'l'iII--N rumlw IIII' fum HI' IiI'v. Ilil'-I IVIIIIPZ IIVQIIIIEIII1' l'IuIr ICXINIX I.l-QNX IIHYIPHIIH ' ' Ir I I 1-.my Nm.-J.m'x Nuwll1Iu'l' '34 II1v' Il'4I HI IHlllHI'IHNI N IIHI lu I..---1111-11 I4nI.lX. HIM- IIIIIII MARY li. IPIZICW U Liiu-olu Arc-iiiw. Soiucrrillo l um not iii tlu- roll ul c-oiiiuiuii moiif' Art Ululi .XXXUXCIA FAHIXA To llecd Street. Wiiitlirulv 'llliseiit iii spirit but ll1'USQlll iii Iwomlyf' lJi'ui1ui'fic Club: Tr-uiiis Club N I'1I.LllC DORIS FAH Bllill Billerica E1l9l'g5' arid deloriiiiiialioii liuw doiie wonders iuziiiy il Art Clubg Bird Clulmg Tuiiiiis Club ROSE I. FlXIiLlCS'l'lilX '28 Aborii Place, Lynn n l would the gods had iiiarlie 1119 poetical. Teiiiiis Club CATHERIXIC Y. Fl'I'ZGlillALlJ T Williams Street Salem Wli0 iiiixcd 1'0ilSUl1 with pleafure Arid wisdoui with iiiirtlif' Bird Clubg lmiiiuitiu Clulr 91 .luiic IS aaa .1 ,Z ,X Marr-li 2l V 'Y Xowiiilioi' 8 Tillie. v 53 9 Xflellilicl' fl ,, W ri 4, 'X AW-ii ll ii ALICE L. GAHAGAN -109 lfsscx Slrtwf, Sala-m October 21 Of t0lllllCI' swvvf. of yivlcliug willg Ut' pruu. yclt' placid llllllilf, Glee Clubg Dralualic Club N i Kl.XllllAlllC'l' li. HALEY f :SIS lliglmlalul Strom-t. Vlwlsml NOV0l'lll191' 23 1 llc-ads Verso aml thinks sho lll1ilCl'SlHllilS.., 1 1 . --J Gln-0 Clubg Art Clulrg 1l1'lllll2ltlC Club BIARIOX M. lIl'Illl3lfIll'l' 51.31 C'umlu'iflgo Sin-vt. C'umlu'iclgv August 10 'll2lll,E.Illl lo suluuil.- l .X l1a11'4lc-1' lvssou llmu to O0lllIllilllll.u X K . lll'illl121llC Club l'INllllY I . HIGGINS '35 liwlu-lc-y Stn-4-l, Smlu-rx'illv .luuC 18 'l'lu- lmslnlul virgiuk Sllll'l0llQ look of love. I llirll Vluln: 'll-uuis Vlulm l'llbN.X V. IIHINTKINS -f S 1-4-l. lllmu-1-,ll-r Novoullmcr lf' Wim nw-umm um-l.x'. is noi llwl'vfm'0 u'isv. MANY ANG ICIA KUICX if Quutliwick Str:-cl, Salem l'll'lPI'llill'.l' .R 9 lim-gmu-. Dull l':m'. I pritlic-1-, In-gmiv l,l'Oll1 IIIUI , , ' I N lliou :xml l slmll 1l1,'Vl'l' zigimr. , l lliiwl Vluli: llralimltimf Club f , ... lClll'l'll IiHl,l3 DI Vlivsliiinl Slim-1. llziim-i's .Iulv '311 I aim 11-snlwcl To grow l'a1l. :mil lnolq ymiiig' at l'ui'Ty. i , . Hirrl lflulm: llmimitim- Vluli: Tcimis Vluli Q QVICICXI IC Nl. IAVICY ' ll! f'l10Sllllll' Stn-vi. liyllll Nlziivli '37 f m li'tl1c+lm'il cutvli ai fc-llmv icllo. ln- will sn-l liim fo w01'li. i I Glu' Clulr FAXXY M. Ii.Xl'I'lXliN riilmm .Xu-11110. l'vzilwomly April 'fir 'l'li0 lull, ilicl wisv. ilu- i's-wi-1'c-iirl limiflf' Bird Clulig lmiimiiic Club: Tuimis Club - -i 1 V f Y' lulbllu H. lAlZlxIX 'Wi l,0I'lIIQ' -Xvciiilnx Salem Nam-inlwi' Iii 'Q' V I 'mn' 'hlirl luis a lioairt lo umt1'1x'v. :1 lmigm- 10 IN'I'Sllillll'. zuiil :1 liziml li, 7 L X vcutc amv iiiiscliii-lf lll'iIllli1llC Vlulig 'IK-imis lfluh 33 X X' 1 of LIQLQ l'llfll'l'lll'lll': MANY LXRXARD : a'l- 1'.. Usb 1 105 ,Xml lSll'1llIgO to ll-llflslw pmvliscml what slw 11I'l'i1Cl10d.u INA II. l.I'l l'l,lCI ll'II,l! Q IH lllwwc Slum-1. l4.Yllll Sl'lbIL'IlllhCl' 29 W I, . Num lull lminm-ll' um luv his l1:ll'2llll'l.N Ulm' Vlulrl llfillllillll' Vlulm Nl.Xlll-II,I X I-I l'. I.l'l l'I.l-Il lI-Il.l1 1 llullllll Ilill llrvzlfl. Sillljjlli l'll'lll'1l2ll'-Y -3 l':l1rrllgl1's :IS Lfuml :ls Il l'v1lsi.N --. IXHIHID l,Il'lilillXI'.X llllllxllll' l,ill'lx. llruintrw- Many lb l L n.Xlll'llll'l nw! In lmlvlx lIllil'4'l'Q1'Lfh llmll um lu- wx'vl'm-ml. l llll-l-l'l1nlf1.Xl'll'll1lv1l'1'1-Nilll-xml.llirlll'llIlvZ'l'vll11lsl'll1l1 YIl I'HlII.X l,l'l,l'f.ll.XY 1 I-lb. 'lun'-. fl.All,llllN4'1 .llll-Yl -JL Ullx luml-.X sm-l llINlI'lllllI'IllN xlmll lw IIIX 1'HlllllilIl.X'. l llll lla'-m I-l In-ll. :xml lII'Ql4'lI4'4' ln mxwll. llilwl l'l1nlv1'I'wmnlN Vllll. IZYANGELTNE R, LYNCH 620 Cambridge Street. Cuiuhridge Ou their merits modest iueu are duuihfj Bird Cluhg Druiiuitie Club. LILLIAN A. MORRIS 1-HS llussaeliusetts Avenue, Arliugtou Heights ii.-Alld meditate the Book of Nature er A. ESTHER IICRPHY I 167 Windsor Street, Cambridge Not that she loved study less, hut that she Dramatic Club FRANCES A. MURRAY 386 Main Street, North Andover Careless she is with artful care. Alfeetiug to seem unaffected. Tennis Club AGNES ISABEL NUNES 10 Plymouth Street. Cambridge Let nie teaeh you, I beseeeli you? This way. sir! I'll teach you. J July 30 April J er open. April li loved play more. J une 19 July S39 CA' fl 'f. '. 951 wa Q 'o .. HK :HG lllll-. Ii. llI INIIIIN Xl I l'I-'Il IIg'1UI I IlIl Xllll .Xw 9 Iilll-ll al Ill'Iz'Ill lmlk UIII I'1ll zll'lI. 2lIl1I L:-lull Illt'Ii In X011-I I IIII IIIIII I'lllll1llll I'IllIl IHI9 X I'IfIIIiIXb z IN I..l I IIl7,,Il NIH I. X4'XYIIlll'X' MMIII I cj , ' .M I' l Illt'. .III I IxIIlHI lx Illzll I IQIIHXY lllllllill I I , Illllll IIIIII I,HI'IIII1I.IZ,XI'If'I'IIVIIIIIQIXS 3 I-UI ll Illllll I,.lNI I.xllll IIIIX I IIl Il'NX2ll'tI ll! luI ll lI'IxN lNIIIx1'1I2lII lu-I-I glllll l'IIN'Illllg' Iglll Illllll IIIIIII I Xl I IXI I'IIIXII'I Nl-wllllll I' III xlIl4l1-I1ll'I. NlIlIl Ilvl' x:lI1'Ilo'I III II1'I' Il:lIlI XI Ill lIlll-' 'IIlPll1I lll Ill-all Ill'I'l1lll':iLL1' llll. X IIIl II,lIIl I IIIII IIIIIP 4I4XI'X'lI'X'I' XI'IXIl'I'I IP QI IXILXX N 5 Fw I I1lIsI IIIIIII JI I I I'lll HI lllliw- I Il.lfI -lfll--,U U41 lI 1 I MARG AR ET TH EHESA RE ILLY Heartbreak Road. lpswieli April el But-you sliould never let sum-li angry passioiie T140 MARY ROSSICIL Bird Clulig lliwiiiiatie Clulvg 'll-nnis Club 5921 Main Street. Medford Oetolmer 15 Be ealin in arguing: for tiereeness makes error a fault. and truth discourtesyf' FTHI-IL MAY SAYXIDERS 36 Warner Street. Gloucester May 1? 'Tor she was just the quiet kind wlioee nature never varies. Tennis Clulmg Dramatic Club Ll'C'II,l.li ELLICX SCOTT 80 Kendall Street. Boston Xoveinlier LZ' By nature born a friend to glee and l11Q1'1'lI1101lf.., 2 Griffin Place, S Bird Clubg Drainatie Club AXXE GI'IR'l'RI'1lli SHALLOW aleni Let the World slide. let the world go. A iig for a care. a Tig for 21 woe! Bird Clubg Drainatic Club I B f ist .3 Ez 1.. gi v 'I' 'Y' , F ' ss 4 LZ. - ij ,--xx MARION V. SRIITII 1 111 XM Tun .Xwx111v. liillilllfillgl 50l,IO,,,1,l Sigl1va1 mul lm 1km'cl 111111111-mlulc things. NIXIHHY ll' 4l'l Yl'l lI ,1 lm N11 mum' Mlm-1. SZHUIII Sl-lm-1, 'I'lu- rl'4'l'l'l ut' slum-ff If lUl1rl.lll1X in Iblll'l104P U HHS ll X IIIHX Nlrw-1. Nllmn f - .lulx 'I lI1.- M-'ull--I lllvll I .. 1 , Xiu ul x Imfll lu 1lH4'5'lfPll mm .xml llun 2'i5i2 N liilwl Vlulw f,ITlll'N1l'2l1 llmlmntlv llulr L , , , . , .,, ,,, , , , . IlI'.I,I'.X l',I.IfXl'l'lll NIIWI-XS 5 'N lxlllm QI'4'1'I. XX'uIm1'11 zxllllkll ' Il'-1' mimi dixiflwl ix Iwlxi .111 .mul lllllllltllt... S 1iI1-f-t'luI.- IM'-mu :lim Vlulu' 'Vvllllix l'l11lv . 4 IPVIIXI' YVIIIYXY ' .4, 11---'1. Sul:-1:1 M U 5 IH-lsux lupnu- 4l2Ill 4'l4UllN 1-urls. rlvvllllix Vlulv IIN! lll'Ill,liN N NlilKllSOll -XYUIIIIQR l'zll1llrI'i1lg'v lil. lV.Xl,S'll SOIllOllllJC'l' lil 'Tmm-llt tu Iullou' wlwrc ww lvnfl thu wiv. S.XH.Xll WALSTI 'P Tuckf-1' Street. 1Ia1'llvlc-lwml Ycweulllel' 1 l Nllope fm' the host: IlI'O1liN'U fur tho worst. 'llt'lllll4 Club: lll'illllilllt Club -XXYF 195 Hnlwauwl Stlwwf. f'HI1llDl'l4lQ'9 .T. WETMURTC XOYCl'HlrO1' '23 Ge11i11s is il l'll1lHl lT,X' fm' Qvmliug luml work. l3l'2lIH2lTlC' Clulv: Tmmis Club S,XR.Xll l.. WOLFIC , f-ig 5-1- 4,1 if QJ 121 llorrisou -Xx'011u0, Somc-1'x'illQ April 733 , 1 C'l11'o11mtiQ TOI'lllI'O S0011 shall 4l1'ivQ them hence. I Yico-l'1'Qsill1-11t. Bird Clulr: 'l'v1u1is Club Au AXSSVYTA NOKIA NOSVA 59 Warelmm Strc-vt. llemlforfl Wl1em'0 is thy lourning? Hath thy toil ' Q U er llouks COllSllHl01l thc- lllltllllglll oil 39 July 11 The Class History The year of 1917 was an eventful year to the commercial class. April sixth marked the entrance of the United States into the World Warg September sixth, the entrance of the Class of '21 into the Salem Normal School. Just as the enlisted men were called from all parts of the country to mobilize to defend our country and the right, so our recruits came from all over the state to prepare for training young people for citizenship. Brimming over with confidence, we entered the portals of pedagogic learning, twenty-three strong. As freshmen, we led for the most part a quiet and peaceful life, having few activities other than those in which the entire student body participated. We were, howey er, entertained cordially and graciously by the commercial seniors and sopho- mores at a Hallowe'en party given in our honor. During our first year. our number was decreased noticeably. Those who left the class ranks included Elma Baxter, Edna Ochs, Ellen Leahy, Helen Fox, Arthur Boswell, Francis Ronan, and David Haskell. Miss Howland, the teacher of fresh- man bookkeeping, resigned at the end of the year. Upon entering our sophomore year, we had new responsibilities to shoulder. To begin with, in the early fall the Fen Club elected its new officers from the sopho- more class, as follows: Mary I. Devaney, Presidentg Josephine M. McCarthy, Vice- l-'residentg Alice P. McNamara, Secretary, Katherine L. Ott, Treasurer. Late in October the club gave its annual HaIlowe'en party in honor of the new freshmen. In the spring, to aid the Thrift Campaign, we presented a dramatization of A Saturday Morning in an Office, under the direction of Miss Rollinson. The cast consisted of five girls from our class, assisted by tive men from other classes in 'the commercial department. The price of admission was ten cents, and as a result we raised about twenty-five dollars, which was used to purchase War Savings Certifi- cates. These are still in the possession of the Fen Club. About the first of June a farewell party was given to two members of the faculty: Mr. George R. Tilford, who for two years was director of the commercial department and resigned to accept another positiong and Miss Brooks, our tpye- writing teacher, who left to be married. The commercial students presented Mr. 'I'ill'ord with a silk umbrella, and Miss Brooks with a silver dish. Shortly after this event. the Fen Club banquet, the last club social event of the year, was held in the gymnasium, followed by an entertainment and dancing. Our final class activity as sophomores consisted of our pa1'ticipation in a sketch oil t'lass Day, which was given by the Fen Club. This was an imitation of the 'l'er'h tllee t'lub Voncert, which had been given at the school earlier in the year. t'lare l.yon, a former class member, left during this year. Miss Jackson, our history teacher, resigned at the end of the year to take another position. Uur junior year was spent in obtaining experience in the business world as astenographers, bookkeepers, and secretaries. Two members of the class, Mary tfllrien and liuth Gilman, became so attached to their positions that they neglected to retnrn to the fold the following September. September 15th, IUZH. found us back again at S. N. S. as seniors. We dis- covered with surprise and regret that Miss llollinson, our former shorthand teacher, .-.ns no longer a member ol' the faculty. We were delighted, however, to make the nefninintanee of Nlr. Alexander ll. Sproul, who had returned to the school after an all-.ence ol' several yearsg Miss Badger, a former student, who was the teacher of typew ritingg and Bliss t'ruttenden, who had come to the history department during our gilrsa-lit'l'. In addition to the thirteen original members left in the class, we were able to count in four more, Grace Callanan, Grace McGinley, Mary Hurley, and Mildred Ward, who had entered as members of the class of '2O. The annual Hallowe'en party of the commercial students created the usual merriment. The organization of a Debating Club, known as the Gamma Delta Sigma, 'took place in February. Only commercial students were eligible for membership in this club, and among its otlicers were included two members of the Class of '21, Eliza- beth E. Crosby. President, and Dorothy E. Kennett, Secretary. Our class debate on The Age Limit for Continuation Schools was held in March. Since there was no shorthand teacher engaged at the beginning of the year, the freshman shorthand classes were conducted during the year by the seniors under the supervision of Mr. Sproul. The experience was greatly enjoyed by all concerned. Then came June, with the class banquet, graduation. diplomas, senior night, and-farewells. We have spent four happy years in the Salem Normal School,-years passed under helpful instruction and friendly guidance, the memories of which are not soon to be forgotten by the Class of '21, JOSEPHINE M. BTCCARTHY. The life of the student at the Salem Normal School has many different sides: the usual daily program of school activities, occasional educational trips, concerts and lectures of various types, regular meetings of educational clubs, and recreation of various kinds. The daily program has been little interrupted this year, because there have been no severe storms, nor excessive cold, and little illness. At the opening of the school in September, 1920, we found several changes. Miss Rogers resigned her position to take a well-earned rest. After Miss Martin's death, Miss Rogers was appointed by the directors of the Alumni Association to the position of Custodian of Records, so that she will still be closely connected with the school. Miss Rosa B. Parrott, of Roseburg, Oregon, has been the 'teacher of reading and children's literature. Mr. Allen accepted the principalship of the Framingham High School. His work was carried on by Miss Goldsmith and Mr. Rhodes. Miss Mabel C. Stark, of Chicago, became the head of the department of geography. In the Training School, Miss Cheever, of the class of 1920, took the place of Miss Evans in the sixth grade for half of the yearg Miss Perron, of the fourth grade, Miss Hynes, of Beverly, and Miss Madeline M. Murray, of San Fran- cisco, California, filled out the year in that grade. Miss Richardson has been con- nected for the last year with the Normal School System of Vermont. Miss Ruth James, of Salem, was a substitute in the eighth grade until Miss Josephine S. Emer- son, of Boothbay Harbor. Maine, took the position for the rest of the year. Miss Moore resigned, and Miss Bernice A. Batchelder, of Reading, a graduate of the Bridgewater Normal School, was the supervisor in the first grade, with Miss Bar- bara Frisbee, of Rockport, as assistant. The lectures are given under the auspices of the school, represented by Mr. J. A. Pitman, or by the clubs or classes. Those given under the auspices of the school pertain to some phase of education, occasionally with personal experiences. During the past year there have been several lectures. A lecture on the National Program of Education was given by Mr. Hugh Magill, Field Secretary of the National Edu- cation Association. Mr. Pitman gave a series of five lectures in December on the Conditions of the Schools of the Present Day, bringing out the great demand for trained teachers as a result of the war. A lecture to the commercial students by Miss Agnes Hasset on Principles of Safe Investment, was of great value to the school as a whole. Captain Philip Horton Smith gave an interesting lecture on the 31 'iStudy of the Effects of the War in Central Europe. He presented a very clear picture of his wanderings through Europe immediately following the war. Edwin A. Kirkpatrick, instructor in psychology and pedagogy at the Fitchburg Normal School, visited the school for three days to give intelligence 'tests to the students. He has done a good deal of work with these tests, and the State Board of Education made arrangements for him to visit all the normal schools to give tests to the students. The Thurstone Tests, issued by the Carnegie Institute of Technology, were used for this work. Record cards were sent to the oflice to be filled out for each student, stating the general entrance record, the record in the normal school, and the record of the test. These cards were sent to Mr. Kirkpatrick, in order that he might use them for study. During his stay he gave a talk on mental tests in general, showing their purpose and value. There are several yearly functions which have to do with the school as a whole. This year the Senior reception to the Juniors was held, as usual, early in the autumn. The entertainment was the presentation of Historic Days, the material of which was collected from various sources by Miss Florence B. Cruttenden. A number of scenes gave the main events in the history of the United States. Some of the scenes consisted of speaking and dancingg for example, the scene of the recep- tion given George Washington after his inauguration. The dancing was directed by Miss M. Alice Warren. The Junior reception, which was held later in the year, was of a different nature. It took the form of a costume party. The judges awarded a prize to Mar- jorie Stiles, of the Junior Commercial class, for the most artistic costumeg to Hazel Grader, of' the Junior Elementary class, for the simplest and most attractive cos- tume: and to Miss Marie Badger, of the Faculty, for the least successful disguise. The Crimson Cocoanut, by lan Hay, an absurdity in one act, was presented very acceptably. Pls 34 P54 Bk The Bird Club took a very interesting trip with Miss Goldsmith to Danvers in May. About twenty of the Bird Club were present with Mr. and Mrs. Whitney and Miss Learoyd as guests. Enjoyable features of the afternoon were the fire and the feast. The girls who planned the supper provided enough for two meals! We were able to observe many birds which are common to fields and roadsides. Lastly, we heard the wood thrush. :id vs as :lf A Pilgrim Pageant was given in February by the pupils of the Training School, under the direction of the supervisors. The pageant was made a project for the whole school. Each grade had a different scene to work up. Some of the stage properties were made in the manual training periods with the help of Mr. Staebnerg the costumes were made during the drawing and sewing periodsg and the scenery was painted by the children under the guidance ol' Mr. Whitney. The conversation was worked out in the language periods. The characters to represent each grade were chosen by the pupils themselves, after several trials. 'l'Iu- purpose of the pageant, which was to celebrate the tercentenary anniversary ol' the Landing of the Pilgrims, was explained by Clarence lland ol' the eighth grade. l-Zach episode was first explained by a pupil from the class acting the episode. Ap- propriate music was given between the numbers with Mr. Archibald as leader. The first scene, given by the second and third grade children, represented :1 .f-eine in llolland. The children were dressed in Dutch costumes. The third grade gave a short drama which they made up themselves. Three little English children were talking together about the queer houses and windmills represented in the ga scenery. The Dutch children also showed the English children what a native dance was like. The second grade children, dressed in Dutch costumes, did a charming little dance called In Wooden Shoes, for the English visitors. Three of the chil- dren sat near the piano and represented the clack of wooden shoes by clapping wooden blocks together. They kept perfect time and were as interesting to the audience as the dance itself. The training school orchestra played, with Miss Elizabeth James as accompanist. An Indian scene was given by the first grade and the special class. Indian life was well portrayed by the grouping around the camp-fire and by the war dance. This scene closed with the worshipping of the sun as it sank in the distance,-a real sun that disappeared. The fourth and fifth grades gave the scene, the Landing of the Pilgrims. The Deacon, leading the singing of the Hymn of Praise, first read a line in a sing-song fashion, gave the pitch, and then conducted the little band of Pilgrims in the sing- ing. The Deacon acted the part admirably. and was 'thoroughly appreciated by the audience. The sixth grade presented some of the hardships endured during the first winter. The children unearthed a mound of Indian seed corn, a part of which they took to plant the next spring. After covering all traces of what they had been doing, they departed with their new-found treasure. This scene was followed by Samoset's visit to the white men, given by the seventh grade. The scene showed the friendly relations between the Indians and the white men. Samoset was presented with beads and other ornaments. The eighth grade presented the first Thanksgiving. In this scene, the plans which were being made for the celebration were interrupted by the return of the Mayflower. The pageant closed with an effective tableau of the Pilgrims watching the approach of the ship. skilfully represented in the scenery. Another entertainment which has come to be of great interest to both the normal school and the training school is the Christmas party given to the faculty. For many weeks before the party, the grades and the art classes prepare the gifts which are both practical and in many cases bea1itii'ul. The affair is quite impres- sive. When the time comes, the children from different grades, bearing candles, march into the hall to the accompaniment of suitable music. Santa Claus some- times comes with the children: this year he came in the traditional way, through the fireplace. A child from each grade in the training school also presents gift to a member of the faculty, giving a little presentation speech at the same time. The exercises close with the singing of carols. The Dramatic Club gave their annual entertaimnent to the faculty, the stu- dents, and their friends, in April. The plays were The Hour Glass, by William Butler Yeats, and Nevertheless, by Stuart Walker. The Hour Glass was a difficult and serious play, but the cast did very well. Nevertheless was light and short, but was thoroughly enjoyed by the audience. After the play. the Art Club presented to the president of the club a seal, which is to be used in the future on all printed matter pertaining to the Dramatic Club. The entertainment was fol- lowed by an hour or two of dancing. Another function which was mainly a club affair but was of general interest to the whole school, was a concert given by the Framingham Glee Club and our Glee Club. The concert was held at Framingham this year and was a great suc- cess. A Glee Club concert was held at Salem in May, given by the Tufts College Glee and Mandolin Clubs, under the auspices of the Salem Normal Glee Club. After a pleasing program, the school and their guests enjoyed dancing. This concert was of unusual interest because each class contributed toward its success. -1 JJ ,--,-,, x.. -, .Y ,f-r-K, f 5. V . FX -v S M-.1 .f . , I ,'x, fx. wx . A -, , :kinj- LJ gp-4 1 , - ,W ' . ,vi F . , , i I T i ' X 4 x l 1 i Q' . . 1 7 .. 5. aj L-44 I A Pageant of the History of Art Introduction ......... Art Club President Chorus to Hathor ........ Glee Club Between the successive scenes choruses appropriate to the art period were rendered by the Glee Club under the direction of Mr. Archibald. PERIODS OF ARTS ANCIENT EGYPTIAN 1. The Pyramids Miss Wilde 2. Temple of Luxor 3. Temple of Edfu GRECIAN 4. Vases and pottery 5. The Parthenon frieze 6. Porch of the Caryatides RO-MAN 7. The Roman Forum 8. Pompeii BYZANTINE 9. The Green Mosque of Mohammed I 10. Byzantine interior 11. Byzantine church-mosaics SARACENIC. 12. Hebrew: Via Dolorosa, Jerusalem 13. Saracenic interior 14. Arch and detail GOTHIC 15. Notre Dame RENAISSANCE 16. Basilica 17. Venice Miss Pease Miss Rogers Miss Goldsmith Miss Torrey Miss Torrey Miss Monahan Miss Burnham Miss Crawford Miss Brown Miss Brown Miss Farmer Miss Drew Miss Drew Miss Sylvester Miss Stevens Miss Haley MODERN ROMANESQUE TYPE 18. Salem Normal School The Art Club INTRODUCTION. Some one has written: Architecture is a universal language in all ages, and mankind always builds himself into his temples. It is the most useful of the fine arts, and the finest of the useful arts, and climatic conditions always rule in its development. This being true, what better line of study than the study of art and architec- ture, the language of expression all down through his history, the language in which man has expressed his needs, his developing thought, and his aspirations and ideals, and which has led to the culture and the civilization of today? It has been interesting to see how prehistoric man developed the cairn, the crude shrine to contain what he considered beautiful and sacred things, and the hut for his own protection, and how these gradually developed into the massive archi- tectural monuments which have lasted through the centuriesg again, to discover the evolution of decoration and design from the painting and ornamenting of the body to the decoration of hides and woven fabrics to cover the bodyg then on through the ages to the wonderful surface decorations and mural designs of the present day, to be used in these architectural monumentsg also to discover how climate, religious thought and love of display have influenced this art for better or worse. 35 As the Art Club has studied these types in history, it seemed worth while to show to you what we have gained through this research, and so we present to you today some of the illustrations of the evolution and history of art. The back- grounds are generally of single architectural masses, with some of the more familiar and characteristic details. The Art Club trusts that this one period will be the incentive for continued study and research on the part of all our fellow students. 1 THE TEMPLE or LUXOR. The Temple of Luxor, on the banks of the Nile, is one of several famous ruins belonging to the Thebes of Egypt. At one time the site of these several temples was one, but now it is divided, because the Nile flows to the west of Luxor and Karnak. Thus, instead of being a wide and unbroken plain, the ancient Thebes is separated into two parts. This change is thought to have come about within the last three centuries. Considering this. it is not unlikely that the wonderful Temple of Luxor, possibly others as well, may be undermined and swept away bv the river. At present this ruined temple is noted for its light and airy atmosphere. This is in strong contrast to so many of the other ruins of the world. Luxor has the reputation of cheering visitors, when other temples depress and sadden. In marked contrast to the stately beauty of the temple are the mud huts and petty buildings of the Arabian village, which crowd close up to the very walls. These hovels jar strangely with the remains of Luxor's ancient grandeur. The splendid temple stands on rising ground commanding a wide view of the Nile River. Originally the northern side was guarded by two of the finest obelisks in the world, but now one has been removed to Paris, while the other lies deeply embedded in the sand. The hieroglyphics on these obelisks are clear and distinct, being cut to a depth of nearly two inches. On the eastern wing of the northern facade is a sculptured battle scene. The king, riding in a car drawn by two horses, rises above the mass of men. Directly behind him follows the royal banner. At one place uncontrolled horses plunge down the bank to the river, while others crowd around the city gates. To close the story, in another section the conqueror sits enthroned. while the captives pass by to their death. Leaving this pictured history, we enter a large ruined portico. A double row of seven columns with lotus capitals leads into a large court. On either side of this court are similar rows of pillars. Beyond lies another court, containing thirty- two columns. and then comes the adytum, or inner sanctuary of the temple. Some people believe that it is here, not at Karnak, we should look for the Palace of Osymandyasu described by Diodorus. It is also a point of dispute whether the real Diospolis is Karnak or Luxor. In this scene the brilliant golden sunshine has given place to the majestic shades of evening. DOROTHY C. PEASE. 2 POMPEII. livery one knows the story of Pompeii,-how in the beginning of the Christian ern the city, by the eruption of Vesuvius, was preserved by sealing, for our present day study of art. ln the middle of the eighteenth century people began to unearth it for this study. and trzu-es of Osczin, Greek and Aegean civilization were found. Under the inlluf-nf-e nf the fil'f'f'l1lll and lifllllllll love of art, Pompeii developed her own style, I as shown by her buildings, statues. and in fact. the whole city. This new-old art, through the desire for wealth and a love of display, gradually developed into degen- erate forms. The streets of the city were found to be very regular and generally straight, with only a fair width. They are uniformly paved with blocks of hard lava, fitted very closely togethe1'. The forum was the center of all the life of the city, and around it were the public buildings. These buildings were adorned by numerous statues, and the entrances or porticos were supported by columns of various types. Many of the public buildings were coated with a rather gaudy stucco, and elabo- rately decorated. As a whole, the architecture of Pompeii presents a transitional character from the pure Greek style to that of the Roman Empire, but in a degraded form. The riches and power of a people tend to make their Work less original and more lavish and gaudy. This desire for display and profusion are most conspicuous in this period of art. This picture is a court of old Pompeii, with a bath in the center and ruins on each side, still to be excavated. The color gives an impression of Pompeiian love of brilliance and decoration. ALICE P. BURNHAM. 3 BYZANTINE AND SARACENIC ARCHITECTURE. Following the Roman and Byzantine periods, the churches and other buildings which had been constructed were taken and used by the Saracens. In the first part of the ninth century the Saracens contented themselves with using such churches and other buildings. When the Saracens were living among temple-building people, they seemed to feel the necessity of a temple which would be a monument to their religion. The principal characteristics of the Saracenic mosques are due to the restric- tions caused by their faith, the most important being the site of the mosque. Each mosque should be so placed that it would show the faithful in which direction Mecca lay, so that they might face it while making their daily prayers. This accounts for the position of the pulpits. Often this is found at any position or angle in the churches erected by the Christians and captured by the Saracens. The characteristic forms found in the mosque at Amr, in Cairo, were used as a basis for the later mosques: C15 Walls are built at right angles to a line drawn towards Mecca, in which, sunk in the wall, was a niche indicating the direction towards which the faithful should turn, C27 the prayer chamber was a covered space used as a shelter from sun and raing Q39 in front of the prayer chamber was a large open court, in which there was the fountain of ablution 3 and Q49 'there was a covered approach on each side of the court and from the entrance. At first the material was taken from ancient Egyptian structures. As these columns were not high enough, square dies were placed above the capitals, making many ranges of arches all running in the direction of Mecca. To give the appear- ance of lightness and to resist the thrust, wooden ties were used under the arches. These ties were so frequently used that they became a characteristic, and were later built of brick. The dome was appropriated from Byzantine architecture. The minaret is another characteristic of this period. The mosque shown is the Green Mosque of Mohammed I, originally a Christian temple. M YRTA I. CRAWFORD. 4 THE RENAISSANCE. As far as the Renaissance style is concerned, we have, in our study of art,'dis- covered that its characteristics are related to the broadest and most general aspects of modern history. Many buildings were derived from Greek and Italian origin, and later the Gothic and Byzantine features appeared. A civilization had devel- oped in Italy, at the close of the Middle Ages, which replaced the Medieval and became the Modern style. The word Renaissance, then, in its broadest sense, applies to this movement of history and civilization, and is used with the meaning that it was connected with a re-birth or revival of the ancient Greek and Roman culture. The Italians of this period were profoundly sensible of their debt to 'the ancients, and copied them in every way possible. especially in matters of literature and art. The word Renaissance is applied to the general art of that period- which was the period of Raphael, Michael Angelo, and contemporaries. It is also applied to the architectural styles of that period, which reflect the general character of this progressive movement. Thus the Renaissance style is of peculiar historical interest by its relations to the origins and beginnings of modern history, art, letters, and modern civilization in general. When any one speaks of the Renaissance his mind at once reverts 'to Ravenna. Here are found two types of architecture, separated in style by at least one hundred years. Thev are mostlv Roman in character. One of the oldest basilicas of the Renaissance style, however, is at Rome. In the next picture is a bit of this Italian Renaissance. You will observe an example ot' the early Lombard facade, after the feeling for grace, rhythm and com- position had begun sensibly to modify and relieve its rudeness and formlessness. I-'ew architectural features are more effective than this, or more happily calculated to relieve the heavy monotony of these otherwise unbroken facades. There is no wonder then that it became so general in the Lombard churches, and has frequently been appropriated since that time. IYIARION A. STEVENS. The Art Club HONORARY MEMBERS ASSOCIATE MEMBERS .l, Xslnujx l'ilm:nn llzieliel li. Mullin Ifmm-4-s lh-:une Vusliingg lilifnln-Ili I:lll'llllIlllli Nlzn-im' Iyniisi- 1, XXX-Ilmain .XQIIUS XI, Illailu- llzuller H, Xl liilmzlll Ilan rrie-I lf. l'1-el ACTIVE MEMBERS XIV, trl'll'll'i4' Sulullllrll I':l'Nlvllll' villzl' l7l'1'W l,:'l1l'llll1' li. hnlalsllullll Y'-'lil' H. I 5l 'l ' I-I,Mi,,.,I, IH vvl,i,,,,.4, limi-nal XI. S-ilu-slel' lg,.,i,i,,, Xl. 5I,.-,AU Xlyrlai I, I'l'llXKl'4llilI X:-rm: ll. l l:umIvl'-- HIV V- I: 5 l' lg.,gp,,, IIA uil,l,- lmgricl I,iilltlvum-si 1 IH.,-l., lj XXl.i1m-X lI:irl'i1-1 J. lrxuns XL.. i.,,. If l:.,L-.-re' Xl:ll'gA:il'1-1 lil. ll:ll4--v l,.,,, ..,. yy' 'l.,,,-, X xllllzl' .X, Xlou:nIu:un Ir.....il.v 4, lu-H .- Ihilln Il. Ilrcmll NI.1un-in X SI:-xi-In x , The Art Club The Art Club is one of the oldest organizations formed and supported by the student body oi' y the Salem Normal School. The organization and by-laws estab- lished at its beginning have con- tinued to the present time. and the interest and enthusiasm . among its members remain un- abated. The work of the club has been varied from time to time. Work along some advanced line of art study has always been a major feature. A trip to Boston, with visits to the Museum of Fine Arts, studios, galleries, and the Normal Art School, has been an annual feature. Our organization has been prosperous and our work satis- factory during this year. The oilicers for the year have been: Mrs. Genorie Solomon Erskine, President: Marion F. Rogers, Vice-Presidentg Marion A. Stevens, Secretaryg and Frances W. Torrey, Treasurer. This year, as usual, a course of lectures has been given. The speakers were Miss Florence M. Snell, a former teacher in this schoolg Miss Lucy B. Taylor: Mrs. Louise Prior Skilton, once a student of the schoolg Prof. Walter Sargent of the University of Chicagog and Mr. Whitney. The projects thus far this year have been as follows: the first, the making of books with the back sewn with Hoss, over leather straps and with leather claspsg the second, the making of HS. N. S. banners: the third, the making of reed baskets of several kinds. We appreciate this opportunity of learning some of the fundamental and under- lying qualities of the great wo1'ks of art: of their history and relation to design and construction even in the most familiar objects by which we are surroundedg of the value of harmonious color, form and design in our homes and schoolsg and of the principles governing good taste and discriminating judgment. Our present project is a pageant of the History of Art, the details of which will be found on other pages of this book. lifflARION A. STEVENS. Art, x Club .X NHL' n i 'ln . - M 7 ,ff X V 5 ax 5 2 39 The Glee Club Wlii-ii tlie- cglulm was fll'1I21lllZL'fl, il lizlcl om- purposo in mind.-lo 110 ol' lic-lp wlu-11 lu-1' iw-fl--rl, not flnlx' lu llii- sc-lmnl, lull to :mulsiclv i'lli1l'llll,'S. liarly in Oc-lulx-i', the lil il will vzlim- l'i'1-ni Blix Walla-i' li. llim-lmv, ol' Szilm-m. ln sing' ll-i' ilu- hom-lil ul' llio S --iii llflspitzil Nlll'Sl,'Sy lfllllfl. As vm lizul nut -n'u':1iiizc-ml lliis ycziik 1-lull, eixla-1-11 llll ii-ilu-is ul' lust .X'l'2ll S vlull 11211-i-cl to sing. XY4- mm' lizivc il lm-lnlwrsliip ol' 1l'0l'l5 llll ls. 'l'lii- fllllfl-1-ix am- Iilimln-Ili li. f'i'zlsllx', SL'i'l'l'l2ll'Xl llulli ll. Ilrmvli, 'lll'02lSlll'Cl', N l-mil Atkins, I,illi'z1l'izui: Klilclrml-rl I . Willvy, Assixlziiil l,llll'ill'l2lll. I llll Blzm-li lN1li mlm- ilu- Ilia' t'X'l'lll. llic- K'Ullt'Ul'l with l l'2lllllll5l'll21lll Normal . . . . . , , ml. ll was :ui 1411-:ll clziv, ull-all girls, ziml :ln ich-all limi-. llic C0llk'0l'l 'wus :1 llll'l',N.N in vw-i'y' xx':1,x'. Wi- llzul il 1-min-i'l willi llii- 'l'ul'ls Blusivzil Vlulls, 'May llllli m:lll:i1l'f-I mul-li lllll'l'l'hl uv :1ll. NIV. .-Xwllilmlrl sl-le-f-ls mill' ilu- lu-sl musiv, wllivli is pi':1c'liu-ml lly llic- lllm-0 C -in 'l'lll1i'.Nflalx's :incl ln' lll1'lll'1'll4'Sll'2l Ull l l'icl41vs. 'l'lu- 4-luli l7l'1llllUll'S2l Q'l't'lll clvzll ul nf iuliillty :mil fpirit in ilu- N-lwll. l l'1-ni 1-wijx' point ul' via-w llu- vlulm lizis had ll xl ly' bllf'f 'wSllll Xwllk - s .. I 1'.,c lu. l lul lt l-- li T... ,U :sm A lub A , The Bird Club The Bird Club was reorganized, with a new interest. under the leadership of Miss Goldsmith, and it was filled to its capacity in November. The oflicers elected were as follows: Ingrid I. Liukkonen, President: Sarah L. Wolfe. Vice-Presidentg Rovena M. Sylvester, Secretary: Mary G. Daly, Treasurer: Membership Committee. Mary J. Barry, Annie M. Jackson, and Anna Gorman. Meetings were held every other Monday afternoon. In the fall we made twine bags for suet and put 'them out for the winter birds to eat. Later we made a notebook in which to keep all our records of birds which we have observed. Another of the indoor features of the year was the cutting of patterns for bird-houses. which we made as outside work. VVe enjoyed two interesting and profitable lectures during the year. The first was given by Mr. Whitney, in which he told of experiences he had had with birds around his home. The second was a stereopticon lecture given by Miss Goldsmith. Her subject was Character in Feathers. By the name, one could tell that that talk was exceedingly worth-while. Before we began taking our field trips to study the birds in their natural envi- ronment, we spent an afternoon in the Peabody Museum, studying birds with Miss Goldsmith. We took our first field trip to the meadow beyond the school building. We were fortunate in seeing and hearing six of the early spring birds. The club wish to thank Mr. Whitney and the Art Club for the seal vxhich they designed and presented to us. s X xt' V , ' Qrbx xxl . Q. .Ellrqhiflmfl The Debating Club '1'11is 111'1i1'i1y H1'11l'111i111'f1 111 11111 11111111111-1'1'i111 f1l'11211't111f,111 11ll1'111Q DcC111111i111'. 15120 1111111'1' 1111- 11-11111-1's11i11 111' Miss 1'1'l1111'11C11'11, 11111 1.l'21l'111,'1' 111' 11is1111'y. Its 11111'110s11 i 111 p'i1'1- 1111- 111111i1s 111'111-1i1-1- 111 11211'112l111l'1112l1'X 11111' 111'111'cc1111'11 111111 i11 111'1's11111i11g' 1111.511 1111'111.N 1'11'211'1.X' 111111 1.1l1'1'1'1'1111j' 1111'111151'11 111-1111112 '1'111- 1'111111111i11g' 111111-1-1's YY1'1'l' 1111-111111: 1'1'11si1111111. 1'f1iz11111'111 111. C1'11S11y1 V100 1'1'1-si111-111, 11111'is 1'I. N11111111Q S1'1'1'1'1211'X, 111l1'11111.Y 111. K1-11111-113 '1'1'1'11s111'1-1'. 3111111111 A 1111111. 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N11 111:11 11111 1'1l111 -1111 1 111111111111 Is111'f'1'w.N1'l11 1-111l11'1'. 11. 1'f. 11. The Dramatic Club During the autumn the members of last year's Dramatic Club met and organ- ized. Plans for the coming year were discussed and the following oflicers elected: President, Leverett T. Holderg Vice-President, Dorothy C. Peaseg Secretary, Ruth Williamsg Treasurer, J. Althea Patch. At the following meeting a large group from the upper classes joined the club. The club seeks to promote the social life of the school, to give its menubers an understanding of the different types of dramas by reading, and an idea of stage- craft and acting by the reproduction of plays. It is also the purpose of the organ- ization to give practical experience in handling such plays as can be used in school work. This year the club presented to the school. The Hour Glass, a powerful, one-act, moral play, by William Butler Yeats, and Nevertheless, a pleasing comedy by Stuart Walker. At the close of the entertainment the Dramatic Club received a pleasant sur- prise in the form of a seal, designed and presented by the Art Club. The Dramatic Club is one of the newer organizations of the school and has until now been without a seal of its own. It is the hope of the members that the club and its aims may become a vital part of the school. lbw ,G-Q i rcs' ? 'fS.,fxNj,iZi'iijU 'Cv 43' The Tenms Club In lhef fall HI' 1920. the club was 1'CU1'1I2ll1iZCd with over sox'o11ty-tive members. with Ihq- I'f'llfm'ix1:I Hlhce-1's: Sigfml H. Anclcrsfm. P1'c-siflcm: Rzuxhol Bowden. Yicc- Iwwiflf-rmx than-1' left svlwnlb I Mary I. Th-vamy. SUC1'Ul2ll'j'I Emma PI. Adams, Treas- 'vwrz Ilulh l'. Blamslhelcl. Iiwpq-1': Mr. Whitman. Fuclllly Advisolx 'l'h.- vluh zu-tixhitivs begun vaxrly this XL'2ll'. amd am iI1T.0l'ClllSS wulwlavnclmt was plm'--fi www z1I'T.vl' 1wv1'g'z1l1izz1tirm. The NK'illIlUl'S. Alice l'. 3IcNaum11'z1 and Marx' I. ll-'xv nf-jv fm' the Svnifn' wxhxxxvlwiul class. vlmllvllgucl tho I 2lCllllj'. amd :1 2111110 was ifhtyw fl vqirh NIV. Dffllvl' and M11 Sprfful. l't'SlllliNLl' in :1 iiv. Aw-tlw-1' lllU'l'l'IilsS tfrL11'11z11m-111 IS phnmvcl In ln'-E111 May Nth. Thv gzum-s will h-A 11149.-'rl vwhly. amd the tu.. lll2lft'l'S xvllh the hwhvsl swlm-Q wlll C'HlllDl,'l0 fm ,- r'Iw.x Imy. A lmqilwg-vllp will hp- uxx'u1'cl1-cl thi- wirmm-r. IJ. G. T. The Fen Club 'IW -- IU rl Vhzh ww 1'-Afn'p'm1iz-wl lhis yn-zu' wilh lH'HJlIh'l' aims. Thv IIIIVINISL' of M. 'AllieI4IIPl'4'fY1 1 IIl iH1 V9'FtNf'I'1.hf75VHH'H1lH'l'5fit'lhixf'fVn1n1l'Vf'i1llflvlulrtnllxni. '. im, 411'-'-exp--liglllx' fl-'Nil-1-mx ul' In-1-wxuuirmg' I'lIl'Th1'l' 1U'4lll2lill1Q'll with 5Illll'1Il2lINl :mtl its lmfl m1:',1Y1'x. KI-wh.-:whip iF limi!-'fl lnIhe'wIllll1'I1IS in thv ummm-1'1'iq1I l'HlH'5Q', ur. 'wi'-v' 11' iwm 1h-- 1-luh, muxt hm'--:1 Il1lNNiI1Q' mark in lhv1nzljm'wmmv1'ci:1l Ahh f V wvgfl ffrzL hxh. 'lh ?f'IIw.nmp' fvfM4 'l'N xx'-kr-A 1-1'-fl-Arl: AIIIVX' I. Il!'YQlll1'f'. l'rvsicl1-111: e.-Xliw li. IZ. hi ','. m, XM'--l'r--x1fi1'h1g Snpw- .Xrulvlwf-11, Sf-f'1w4lul'y': Uliu-tl. llmlgkilms, 'l'r'v:1s11n-1'. rim, Hr IM prfIp'r:.rhX Plp.x-'fmmxihxlwl Mtqnllix hx' I1H'lIlIN'l'4Uf'1'I4'SC'l1iUl'-'IJISS '. fhf aa' -'-.gn u'1-4w- - 11' Ihf inzxllw-W uf-rlrl. il rll':m1:1liz:l1i4v11 HI' illPl5lii'QlliUl1S fm' -, ITIHI1 ,m,fi1,hll' 'Ill Ihf Izllelllvxx S11-'xxgflvwl-Ilrip1Imw1nu'l11h1-.Xllm--r14w1n1nIH'--ss f fl-v sl gn fi f'f-mgmhj. :lt Vgurnhriflgff-. S. Il. .-X. 4, I :M va Junior Civics Club The object of the Junior Civics Club is to furnish an opportunity for the Juniors to study matters of civic interest and to have informal discussions on these sub- ,iectsg to take field trips ,and to do something helpful for the Salem Normal School. The club was organized the first of J anuary, with Florence W. Johnson, Presi- dentg Katharine Goodwin, Vice-President, Ruth M. Bullock, Secretaryg Irene Strom- dahl, Treasurer. At the first meeting there was a great deal of discussion about our work for the year. A committee, appointed from the club, judged the prize essays Written by the Juniors. At another meeting, Red Cross sewing was done, while Miss Fitz- hugh gave a talk on voting. In the future, We plan to have more sewing work, talks by other members of the faculty, and to take field trips. We expect to get a great deal of good from the club and to do much civic work. R. M. B. JUNIORS Who has seen us work? Neither I nor you. When we're opening books, A teacher's passing through. Who has seen us sad ? Neither you nor I. Soon you'll find us staid,- We'll be teachers by and by. :MARIE TWOMEY, 222. 45 An Experiment '- There's no shorthand teacher! was the joyful exclamation of the Seniors in September. It is to be wondered why they should be so concerned-so happily concerned! When the announcement was made that the Seniors were to teach the Freshmen, the Seniors were dismayed, because they were not used to the job, and the Freshmen thought it was absurd to be taught by Seniors. There was nothing to do, however, but to fall in line and follow the plan. The Freshmen were divided into small groups, with one Senior to teach and another to observe. The Freshmen had the opportunity of getting individual instructiong the Seniors had the chance to study individualsg the observer had the leisure to prepare con- structive criticism and to plan how she would perhaps do things differently. Later it seemed advisable to divide the Freshmen into two classes, those who were beginning the study and those who had had shorthand in the high school: and Seniors were assigned as before, one to teach and one to observe. The rest of the Seniors discussed with Mr. Sproul the principles and methods of teaching short- hand. There was also a series of lessons, given by a different member each day. with the entire class observing. This was very beneficial, as the lessons were talked over in the 'pedagogy class. The student teachers all had interesting characteristics. Miss Anderson. who hrmly believed that a moment wasted in the morning could never be made up dur- ing the rest of the day, rushed into class and began dictating at once. Miss Calla- nan, a trained Greggite, made a great sacrifice when one day she said to her pupils, Learn to know your system thoroughly. Miss Crosby often wondered, even marveled at the genius of the one who invented shorthand: nevertheless, she bravely conducted a class before the Seniors, receiving as a criticism, The lesson had some snap to it. The Freshmen did not like Miss Devaney's short cfs. Folks from the western part of the state pronounce peculiarly! Miss Tutein delighted in trying out a new scheme, arguing with us why the lesson should be just the same every time. Miss McCarthy used to teach the advanced class. We heard that some delighted Freshmen once thought of presenting a petition that Josephine McCarthy become their permanent teacher. Miss Kennett seemed 'to be very much concerned about the progress of her pupils, and incidentally she resolved always to stand erect before her class. Miss Hurley must have been born with a natural tendency to write and talk shorthand, because she could do it with no effort, and could spend some time and attention on her pupils themselves with- out fear of making an error. Miss Horan had had actual teaching experience. We noticed that nevertheless she usually carried the little red book with her. There is nothing much to worry about. said Miss Mehlman, who is always per- fectly at ease wherever she is. Miss 0'Donnell knew what the rules were and how to apply them, and she made her pupils follow her example. Miss Mctlinley was ellviefl by some ol' the rest ol' the members of the class because of her pleasing, ladylike manner. She has not missed her calling in choosing to be a teacher. One thing at a time appeared to be her method ol' procedure. Miss McNamara is a Senior, but no one would know it, for she is such a little girl. She was very popular with the l reshnien and her problem was how to appear dignified when in class. Miss Ward always went before her class in her usual good-natured and synipathetie way. She was reared on Gregg shorthand. but generously made no roniparisons. We suspect that she niakes a practice now ol' using l'itinanic. Miss Scully looked forward with eager anticipation to the week when she would leaf-li, she even had the weeks and days counted, and she was verv sorry when .111 the week drew to a close. Miss Ott was always a star pupil in shorthand. She will doubtless teach her pupils to be efiicient,-but with the end in view of getting through quickly so that they may spend more time on literature. We can imagine her giving them inspiration by reading a selection of Dickens. The whole year was educational, as well as enjoyableg in fact, it was so enjoy- able to the Seniors that every time a lady came into the room the members of the class were under a mental strain for fear it might be the new shorthand teacher. The tension was not relieved until the person was introduced as a visitor. The Seniors were also glad to have the opportunity to become well acquainted with the Freshmen. M. BLANCHE MILBERY, ':Z1. Freshman Impressions of the Experiment We Freshmen were frightened, When we first did appear In the class to learn shorthand,- 'Twas so strange and queer! Then picture our joy The day we were told We were not to recite To a teacher quite cold,-or old! The Senior Commercials Were to take full commandg We thought they'd be easy And would little demand! But they were efiicientg Indeed, it is true They weren't very strict, Yet they made us work. too. Each had her own method That she thought was bestg But we didn't like One more than the rest! Some days they'd be snappy Or bored, but 'twas rare: And they were good workers And treated us fair, Then hail to the Seniors! They're really so clever, We'll ne'er be so wise Though 'we study forever! The pupils who have them In high schools next year Will be mighty lucky. They'll succeed, never fear! LILLIAN G. Gownvo, '24. 47 1 - l if .ligilill f lil e 5 l i , ' Q Simi I X il 1 l'-I' is 5? 1174 'Ll ,JK i l f-- -JE L? , ,N ,l ' ' TLFQCI. 9, v 'Ei K ii -1 IQIA-iii?-N L -' hd l -ad, ip' ,fact-vxq l91 'ti,-Lx' in i iiii ' jg EJ' 23 f 7 X f 4 is X .,f- YZF yaase' 1? Zfe facffef- fvmnbdw Mary had a lunch box: She laid it on the shelf. A little inousie spied it, And freely helped himself. DOROTHY F. BURKE, 'Z21. LOST-One pound of flesh by all students who have been called upon to con duct chorus on Friday mornings. fl? , Y xxx I fig X X My i . 'X X I Y Ilfhffs I i l ljxoul' ffl! bagel? lookin! wlyqq G, ,. -Dlvfvf was faeaffny ffme. l lll'll'l lll'llllOllS Wl'l'll WITIIOITT We tiptm- in, wc- liplm- nut: We upon ilu' floor.-no tvzwlwi' llu-i'0,- Wi' 'lure not umlu- :i suumlg Vis lwfllillll lirolivn loose: Sf, fguif-tlx' ww 'now' :ilmut Wm- talk zilmul, our sm'i'c-ls slmrv. Wlif-li li-:u'lu-rs un- su-uuml. Il' vziuglit, we just vzunous0. ANNA cl. SIIALLOW, '221. .IH SALEM'S JOLLY STUDENTS. Tune: Solomon Levi. We come from Salem Normal School, The best one in the State: Where all the girls are jolly girls And busy early and late. We Work a lot and play a lot, And then we rest a while: But everywhere and every time We try a lot to smile. Songs THE FATE OF THE NOTEBOOKS. Tune: Pack Up Your Troubles. Pack up your notebooks in your hope-less chest And keep-them-there! While they're ieposing, you can take a rest: What befalls them. we don't care! What's the use of making plans? They give us all gray hairs. So! Pack up your notebooks in your hope-less chest And keep-them-there! SENIOR Two. CHORUS. Oh, Salem Normal! etc. RUTH BROWN, '22. J OY. Tune: Merrily, Merrily. Go, go, go to class, Every clay in the yearg Verily, verily, verily, verily, Life is real right here. Stay, stay, stay till four, Every day in the week. Steadily, steadily, steadily, steadily, For knowledge you must seek. Joy, joy, joy again. Vacation time is here. Merrily. merrily, merrily, merrily, No work until next year. DOROTHY R. CHENEY. A QUEER WORLD. Tune: Reuben and Rachel. Normal, Normal, I've been thinking What a queer World 'this would be, If the girls were all transported Far beyond the Northern Sea! Normal, Normal, I've been thinking How the teachers then would feel, They'd never need to tax 'their patience To make us our thoughts reveal! Normal, Normal, I've been thinking What a queer world this would be If the 'teachers were transported Far beyond the Northern Sea! Normal, Normal, I've been thinking Wouldn't the students think it fun They would no more need to worry If their lessons were undone! Ross I. FINKELSTERN. 1 41? TO THE SALEM NORMAL SCHOOL. Lift your voices upward, In a joyous song, Sing to Salem Normal, Sing both loud and long. Sing her worth and honor, Sing her strength and fame, Sing her many glories, Oh, praise her name. Lift your voices upward Now the sound prolong, Sing to all the Faculty, Join us in the song. Loyal, patient. helpful, Praises are their due, Salem Normal Faculty, We sing to you. Lift your voices upward, Far resounds our song, Listen to the message That we pass along. Sing to all the Students, Jolly workers, true, Salem Normal Students, We sing to you. BERTHA W. BROWNE, '20, TO THE SALEM NORMAL SCHOOL. Tune: In the Gloaming. When our normal course is over, We shall always think of you, And the many things, moreover, That you taught us how to do. As the years are swiftly fleeting, With a warm and heartfelt glow, We shall think of you and love you As we did once long ago. SENIOR H. THE ORANGE AND THE BROWN. ln the quaint old town of Salem, Through the happy years at Noimll 'l'here's a dear old Normal School, In the rooms we love so well. Where loyalty's the watehword With the friends we met and cherished And sympathy's the rule. Then a charm upon us fell. We-'Il admit no other hetter, Oh, that charm can never perish! No one shall ery her down We shall feel it still when we While we ran stand defender Far from Salem are a-wand'ring Of the Orange and the Brown. And look hack in memory. f'll0RIlS. Wi-'ll admit no other hetter, ete. go WATCHWORDS. Tune: Dolly Gray March. There's a Junior come to town, Normal School, Will you welcome her or frown, Normal School? There's a twinkle in her eye, She'll be heard from bye and bye, She's a worthy girl to try, Normal School. Put her wise in every way, Normal School, Tell her shirking does not pay, Normal School, Let her know your faith is strong She will help the cause along, She will join you in the song, Normal School. CHORUS. Salem Normal School forever, Hold your aim and purpose true, Loyal students never sever When there's work for them to do. Truth and justice are the watchwords, Love and loyalty are, too, Keep the altar Hres burning, Then forward, Normal School. PLAY AND WORK. Tune: Dixie. I know a school in the town of Salem, CHORUS. Good times there are not forgotten, Then we will sing for Normal, Play-away! play-away! play-away! HU1'1'3Y! HU1'1'21Yl Every day! For Normal School we take our stand At Salem Normal we are happy, To love aHd,Che1'j5h filler' Striving hard to get some knowledge, Humay' Huuay' Y Work-away! work-away! work-away! Oh' god Old, 531001 QQSRIQH1- , , urray. urray. Evely day' Our dear old school at Salem! AGNES E. HART, SCHOOL DAYS. Tune: Where the River Shannon's Flowing. If you Want to go to Normal, CHORUS. There's a place that's far from formal, Yes, to Salem we are going, Where the students dwell united, Alld WG'1l Stab' fl191'9 While W9 may? Jolly comrades one and all, We will make a goodly showing There we work and play together, In OU1' W01'k 9-Hd in OUI' Play- Quite Content, Whatever the Weather: Then, when school days all are over, And we think of days of yore, ' We will give a cheer for Salem, SALEM NORMAL EVERMOREI And we love, in spite of hard work This, our Salem Normal School. 51 DEAR NORMAL SCHOOL. Tune: Believe Me, if all Those Endearing Young Charms. Believe me, dear people, the world cannot show A more willing or studious group Than the teachers and students of dear S. N. S., Let them gaze where'er they may go. Thou wilt still hold a place in our hearts, dear old school, Let us scatter wherever we may, We'll be true to thy teachings, our dear Normal School, And follow them day after day. It is not while we stand here and sing of thy charms, But as out in the world we may go, That we'll earnestly try to live up to thy rules And be worthy of thee, dear old school. No, the principles taught we will never forget. And will strive to improve day by day, And thank thee forever, our dear Normal School, For the training thou gavest each day. MYRTA I. CRAWFORD, '21. THE S. N. S. FOREVER. Come, all who go to the S. N. S., From north and south, from east and west, Join in our song and sing your bestg Come one, come all, to work with zestg Work away, work away, with a zeal. Work away, work away, for the school For our school. Of your choice. Vnited tirm with every class United school and hearts and hands To make a school you can't surpassg Will make the greatest in all lands: Work away, work away, with a will, Work away, work away, give three cheers For our school. For our school. CHORUS. The S. N. S. forever! hurray! hurray! We'll sing a song of praise to thee, To S. N. S. forever! Hurray! hurray! the S. N. S. forever! Hurray! hurray! the S. N. S. forever! RUTH J. PITMAN, '19. GOOD-BYE, NORMAL. Good-bye, Normal ! Good-bye, Normal ! Good-lmye, Normal! We-'ro going to leave you now! lllaflly wo go to 1.l'2ll'!l, Co 1,0 il'2ll'il, QU 10 i4'2It'l1, fllzlflly we 110 to t02lC'h, Smnowlwrm- in 'ilu' State. SENIOR TWO. OUR NORMAL SCHOOL. Tu11e: Maryland. My Maryland! We'll strive eacl1 day to do our best, And NVllQll our tasks are it 111 cnc Normal School. our Normal School, Normal School. our Nllllllll Schoo And i11 you take an interest, To higl1er things we shall isccnd Normal School, our Normal School! Normal School, our lxfllllldl School' Oh, may our years i11 study spent Tl1e11 let us tLl1'll to thosc hcld dc ll Be full of joy, llllt discontent: Who stood hy us year aitci xc ll Show gratitude is our intent, Resolved that we should pcisexcic Normal School, our Normal School! NO1'I1l2ll School, our Noi mal School WINIFRED M Bums P SONG FOR BETTER SPEECH WEEK. Tu11e: Smiles. There are words Ellld slang expressions That do make Good English pale, And if all her enemies aren't thwarted, Then Bad GIYIINIHZII' surely will not fail. He'll bring out all of his bad COIllD3.lllOllS, Mispronunciation, mumbling, slang, And 2Il1lOllg us se11d these hated allies, And they'll conquer us with their gang. Let us try with zeal renewed To iight o11 and l1old our place. We will make Good English keep her power Never yielding to a tl1i11g so hase. The11 it's Rise, Good English, always You will find i11 each of us a friend. Always true and faitl1ful, willing helpers To a cause wl1icl1 ill good must end. 7 TNTILDRED F. VVILLEY. '22 INTERMEDIATE SENIORS, 1920 WHO ARE THEY? -1 WAR! President Sickness had issued a call For volunteers in a hygiene war Against President Health and all his allies,- With hope of success in attack by surprise. The first to respond was the High-heeled Shoe, Hand in hand he came into view With a Bedroom Window closed up tight, And Impure Water and Improper Light. Behind all these came the Common House-Fly, With a million Germs en route nearby, And a Low-Necked Dress,-but worse than these, There followed in line an Uncovered Sneeze! But President Health found out their plans, And straightway he sent forth demands For all of his men to mobilize, And make an attack on those Common House-Fliesg And likewise, too, with the utmost skill, He formed in the schools the Tooth-brush Drill, And Soap and Water, and Air and Light Came one and all to assist in the fight. The battle as yet has never been ended, For years upon years the two have contended, But President Sickness is losing his ground, And when Peace is declared no Germs will be found. OLIVE G. HODGKINS, '23. SENIORS. The Seniors are going away, Come, cheer up. you Juniors! And they're happy, glad and gayg For next year you can say, llut the Juniors have to stay, Now that we are Seniors, 'Spite ol' all that they can say. We, too, can go away! Alas! you poor, poor Juniors, 'Twill always be the same, Juniors are only Juniors, And Seniors get the fame. MADELINE C. TUCKER, 22. PSYCHOLOCY. Mi No'1'if:1:ooit, , . ' . I 1 I HH L i I lsychology is an awful thing,- llf Il I C' HU 1' Nltbi I tnlwhuti ll:1lW2l5'Tl SHN! I lts praises l would blush to sing,- wri e town a my 1-ssons I like it i ll little pit-ce oi' lead. lt mqkcq me md. I 1 - A , I nt when a quiz 1-anie flown It makcg mc g.I,ld. . 4 , Un my unlucky hc-ad, It mqkw ml, gow. ' ' ' ' .K .I . I 4 , H 'l','Ml '5 L i'i','fi f '1s It olt tunes isa heastly bore, XX ii- in my hook instt-sul. But- Iioltls li. limos. 'ZZZL No matter what report cards show It is a fact,--l like it! lll'll.l'1N M. IAINDGREN, '22. Tl SUCCESS. Success in English means just this- Unity, coherence and emphasis. If in lit or reading you wish to win, Push those indentions three Hngers in. In history or civics, in order to pass, Give a helpful suggestion to all the class. Your progress in psych will receive no halts Unless you select a true and false. If in music you wish to have a good rep, Say not that a sharp raises half a step. Physical environment is the key To every talk in geography. For drawing use the favorite hue,- A combination of yellow and blue. To please in gym you just must learn There's quite a pause between hips and lirm. In arithmetic, you can well afford To copy all notes right off the board. If you hold to these things, you can't go wrong, You'll receive a diploma for only a song. RUTH A. CARROLL ff X ,, AN ,ffffif x f Q ' f 5-QS Lf f I Q cl f aw, as ' UT FEA 0. fl I jf!! IN X l c X l if, bw? ft Q157 A' '36 S' it Q2 Q L0 Xl 'll 50.51 ig. W THLXNQTXA' 55 EMMA E. ADAMS, Z FP L , fi, vx A8 I - 4 3 1 Q g ' LLP' 1 Iii ii A ff 1, X '12 V ,V f ff' I ff I 'W , , W5 I fog I 572 Ayft 7 i fag Z? , 444 ,I It f ey ,Z A -7 4.3 f I f ' Wy 111 XL A 5' 1, 1 I 17 . ,I I f Q.. - I ' ' X : I I ' fam? at' - , I If - 1 f I ' s v . ' K! X ff 111 X i ,x, ,Y IPM A ' 2, I it , :Nxjmff 5 X 5 J N li, f - 4 Q r AIJQI SFA Z J If f fr l' ' li 'E f X ,ff,, Z ll i I I il ffl ' X M 1 ,f W g . f i A ,C If wt, ' X' ' ' ' f-: if. e .44 X ,177 ix nr I, fr If I Q X is Mi 1 'i ma' f .QT-QIQ l I -I w 'f i or f f X A ' ' W' ' 49 f I I ? A I , ' I , ' fx X , f f L L f ' lx I 4 , 4 p TRAINING SCHOOL. I was sitting' in rm' schoolroom After il weary day, When there came :in QIIHIIW' woman, Who herated me this way: Why do you keep Who's as good as Why do you keep him from coming' I my Johnny, he can be,- At hull' past three? He always minds his futher, And minds his mother, toog You surely seem to punish him For what the others do. I reasoned with the mother, And tried to mzllie her see Sometimes her little HfI2ll'lllI1,1'U t'ould very nziugl itv he liut :ill in uiinl She went away With tlireuts to do me hzirm. lt wus :is muvli :ns I could do r n 1 1 lo lu-ep Ain outw-1rd callin. Well, tzilli :ilioiit .loh :uid his patient-4 .IX It'2lt'lll'l' in-mls muvli more lu csirrx' her through tht xxoil rw 1 y- - , f ' - ' im:-nt lhzit Iulls thus to her store. .Nt night l sit 'ind wonfler lloxx' lo luirl tlizit otli4-r boy, Who 1-suis'-s so murh iroulile 'l'o f-x'1-rx' 'iiollu-r's lov ll I only viilllfl expel limi Wlqt lov would then lie in1ue,ss lv A, No llIfIl'4' trials, IIH llifil'4' SHl'l'UXK'S Would ilu-ii my lu-:nrt 1-ntwiin-. I lcANr'i':s W. 'I'o IOITIO mu-:xg '21, Reference Books PEDAGOGY S. C. Parker. General Methods of' Teaching in Ele- mentary Schools. Ginn 8: Co. S. C. Parker, Problem Solving or Practice in Think- ing, Department of Education, University of Chicago. G. E. Freeland, Modern Elementary School Prac- tice, The Macmillan Company. S, E. Davis, The XVork of the Teacher, The Mac- millan Company. F. N. Freeman, The Psychology of the Common Branches. Houghton Mifllin Company. XV. S. Monroe, Measuring the Results of Teaching. Houghton, Mifflin Company. Strayer 8: Norsworthy, How to Teach, The Mac- millan Company. XV. C. Bagley, School Management, The Macmillan Company. McMurray, How to Study, Houghton Mifflin Co. The following yearbooks of the National Society for the Study of Education: The Nineteenth Yearbook, Part ,I, New Materials of Instruction: The Twentieth Yearbook, Part I, New Materials of Instruction: Part II, Silent Reading. Public School Publishing Company, Bloomington, Illinois. XVhite, Elements ot' Pedagogy, American Book Co. Mt-Murray, How to Study, Houghton Mifflin Co. Cabot, Everyday Ethics, Henry Holt 8: Company. James, Psychology IBriefer Coursel, llenry Holt :Q Company. Monroe, Text-Book in the History of Education, The Macmillan Company. Thorndike, Principles of Teaching, A. G. Seilcr. English Leaflets, published by the New England Association of Teachers of English, A. B. de Mille, sec. and treas., Milton, mass. 151.00 fee for membershipj ENGLISH EXPRESSION Subject Matter Gardiner, Kittredge 8: Arnold, Manual of Composi- tion and Rhetoric, Ginn 8: Co. Thomas 8: Howe, Composition and Rhetoric, Long- nians, Green 8: Co. XVogllgy, Handbook of Composition, D. C. Heath o. Kittrcdge 8: Farley, An Advanced English Gram- mar, Ginn 8: Co. Bucgiler, A Modern English Grammar, Newson 8: 0. Teaching Driggs, Our Living Language, University Publishing Co., Chicago. Leonard, English Composition as a Social Problem, Houghton, Mifflin 8: Co. Thomas, The Teaching of English in the Secondary Schools, Houghton, Mifflin 8: Co. Bryant, How to Tell Stories to Children, Houghton, Mifflin :Q Co. Bailey. For the Story-teller, Milton Bradley Co. Keyes, Stories and Story-telling, D. Appleton 8: Co. Language Books Bryce 8: Spaulding, Aldine First, Second, and Third liiangguage Books with Method, Newson 8: Co., Driggs, Live Language Lessons, Books I, II, III, lfniversity Publishing Co., Chicago. Pearson 8: Kirchway, Essentials in English, Books I, Il, American Book Co. King. Language Games, Educational Publishing Co. Canfield 8: Carpenter, Elementary Composition, Houghton Mifflin Co, fJunior High Schooll. Huntinghon, Elementary English Composition, Houghton Mifflin Co. Uunior High Schoolj. Periodicals English Journal, University of Chicago Press, Chi- cago. ART Sargent, Fine and Industrial Art in Elementary Schools. Ilzirtmann, Ilistory of American Art. Meyer, Handbook of Ornament. Hichens, Egypt and lts Monuments. Liihke, History of Art. Ccnsult any good art library. INDIVIDUAL STUDY AND READING Thayer, IVm. Roscoe, The Art of Biography, Scrib- ner's Sons. Bishop, Theo. Roosevelt's Letters to His Children, Scribner's Sons. Patri, Angelo, The Schoolmaster of a Great City, Macmillan Co. Cook, The Play YVay, Stokes. Lowes, Prof. John L., Convention and Revolt in Poetry, Houghton hlifflin Co. Plummer, Mary, The Seven .loys of' Reading, XV. H. XVilson 8: Co. Clark, H., The Interpretation of the Printed Page, Rowe, Peterson 8: Co. Fairchild, Arthur H., The Teaching of Poetry in the High School, Houghton Mifflin Co. Erskine, .lolm K Trent, XV. P. The Cambridge Igistory of American Literature, Putnam Pub. o. Perry, Bliss, A Study of Poetry. Erskine, John, The Kinds of Poetry and Other Essays. Broadhurst 8: Rhodes, Verse for Patriots, Lippin- cott. Braithwaite, XVm. Stanley, Anthology of Magazine Verse, Small, Maynard 8: Co. Phelps, YVm. L., Essays on Modern Dramatists, Macmillan Co. Aldrich, Mrs. Thos. B., Crowding Memories, Houghton Mifflin Co. Lodge, Henry Cabot, The Pilgrims of Plymouth, Houghton Mifllin Co. Lowell, Amy, Tendencies in Modern American Poetry, Houghton Mifflin Co. The Autobiography of Andrew Carnegie, Houghton Mifflin Co. ARITHMETIC Methods Hoyt 8: Peet, A Course of Study in Arithmetic, Houghton Mifflin Co. Suzzalo, The Teaching of Primary Arithmetic, Houghton, Mifflin Co. Stone. The Teaching of Arithmetic. Brown 8: Coffman, How to Teach Arithmetic, Row, Peterson 8: Co. Stamper, The Teaching of Arithmetic, American Book Co. Klapper The Teaching of Arithmetic, P. Appleton 8 Co. Jessup 8: Coffman, Supervision of Arithmetic, Mac- millan Co. Smith, Number Games and Rhymes, Teachers' Col- lege Bureau of Publications. h Smith, The Teaching of Elementary Mathematics. Macmillan Co. Young, The Teaching of Elementary Mathematics, Longmans, Green 8: Co. Nunn, The Teaching of Algebra, L0l'1gm21Y1S. GFf'f'il 8: Co. Experimental Studles XVilson, Survey of the Social and Business Usage of Arithmetic, Teachers' College. a g Counts, George S., Experimental Studies in Arith- metic, Educational Monograph, Vol. 1, No. 4, University of Chicago Press. ' . Rugg. Scientific Method in Reconstruction of Ninth Grade Mathematics, University of CIllC3.g0 PFGSS- For Children Smith, Number Stories of Long Ago. Ginn Rc Cf'- HISTORY Methods Johnson. Teaching of History, Macmillan Co.. N. Y. Robinson, The New History, Macmillan Co., N. Y. Kendall LQ Stryker, History in the Elementary Svhnnl. Tryon, Teaching of History. Simpson. Supervised Study in History. Tut-ll. Study of the Nations. Dynes. Socializing the Child, Silver, Burdett Q Co. Krackowizt-r, Projects in Primary Grades, Lippin- cott. Historical Outlook, Monthly Publication, McKinley Pub. Co.. Philadelphia. Allen. .I. XV., The Place of History in Education, IJ. Appleton Co. H lstorical Masterpieces XVorks ot' Parkman. Fiske, Trevelyan, Turner, or James Ford Rhodes. Survey of United States History Guitteau, XV. B., Our United States, Silver, Burdett Co. Excellent tt-acher's manual. Fite, Emerson, History of United States, Henry Holt 8: Co. Reference Books for Pupils In Junior High School Old South Leaflets. Directors of the Old South Work, Old South Met-ting House. Hart, Source of Book of American History, Mac- millan CO. Iilsnn, Side Lights in American History, 2 volumes, Macmillan Co. Sparks, Men Who Made the Nation, Macmillan. Mowry, American Inventions and Inventors. 1'arlcman, Struggle for a Continent, Little, Brown AQ Co. Roosevelt, lYinning of the XVest ll volume editionl. Mi-Master, XVith the Fathers, D. Appleton 8: Co. Iiruce, ltoinance of American Expansion. I-'urd, True George XYash'ington. Paxson, Last American Frontier. Channing k Lansing, Story of the Great Lakes, Macmillan Co. ChIIdren's Books In History Suitable for the Ele- mentary Grades Ardrews, Ti,-n Boys from ltoad of Long Ago to Nayv, Ginn 62 Co. Stow- M I-'im-kett, livery Day Life in the Colonies, IJ. C. Heath M CO. Stunt- it I-'ieki-tt, Days and Det-ds One Hundred Years Ago, II. C. Ilcatli M Co. liggleston, American I.ife and Adventure, Ameri- can Iiook Co., X. Y. lfaris, Iteal Storics from our History, Ginn dk Co. 12or4ly, Aint-ri:-an llerocs and Leaders, Charles Sf'I'ilina-'35 SUIIS, Y. 'tVrii:ht, Uliilrlre,-li's Storin-s in American History, Vliurln-H Sr'rilnier's Sons, N. Y. Sinitliwnrtli, ltniltlt-rs of Uur Country, 2 volumes. Ir, ,tlipln-Inn N t'n, Ilnrt, Source lt:-:uh-rs in Ami-rim-an History, -I vul- nina,-5, I, tjuloiiinl 1'liildri-ng II, Cainp and Fire- yuflt-, nl ,Xlll I'I1'JlIl ltevolntionp Ill. How Our lplgiiulfntlicrs I.iv--il, IV, ltoniance of Civil lYar, Blsiflnillnn tio., N. Y. Ilnll, Hur Am-1-r4tors in liuropc, Sllvt-r, Burdett Co. GENERAL SCIENCE Itinvvyilmf vl nl., 4'ln-inislry of Vlillllllllll Things, Allyn N Itncnn. W-----I, l'h--niirdiy in th-- II-unc, Ame-ricnn Hook Co. lfull-tr. llinn-clmlwl I'liyr-I-'r4. Whilvonih 6: Iinrrowz-1. Millilciii, 12:iI-- tv I'5l1-. I'r:u-llwil I'Ilyxlf':4, filnn 8: l'n, Iinili--r, lfirut 1'-vuiivug in Sfiviiw-. III-nry llolt R ffo. Ilofluvloti. I'2lf-ni:-nhiry HI-iivml Srlctwn-, lllnlls, Ilny- flf ll N l'Il1ll'1-alll , 'l'r.i1lon, S'Il'll'l' --f Ilonu- :intl 1'onnnnnIty, 'I'ho Mn' nilllzin H, llunlfr A- Whllninn. Viylv' S ll'llf'l' In tha- Iloinv, Aim-russia Ilfuilt Vo llvuiii-r A- Whilninii, Vlxlf' Sf-Ivncv In tha- 4'mn- rriniiilv, Arn-vifnii Iinok VH. MH'-I'.', 'I'rff-4, Stnrw nvivl Iiirvlx-1, XYol'lfl Hunk VH. Iziui.-, 'Vhf Sim 1. 1-I' 'Sri-nt Inv--nllonu, Ilnrlwr lirfw. HYGI ENE For Children Gulick. Hygiene Series, Ginn k Co.: A comprehen- sive, practical, well-graded series of text-books. WinsIoxK'. Healthy Living, Books I 8: II, Charles E. Merrill Co.: Up-to-date books dealing with the most important facts of personal and community hygiene, emphasizing the formation of health habits. O'Shea 8: Kellogg. Good Health Series, Ginn 8: Co. For Teachers Hough dc Sedgwick. The Human Mechanism. Ginn 8: Co.: Xvritten by scientists. but not technical. Rose. Mary S., Feeding the Family, Macmillan Co.: Thorough, simple, practical. Fisher 8: Fisk, How to Live, Funk 8: Wagnallsz Authorized by the Hygiene Board of the Life Extension Institute. Adress, J. Mace, Health Education in Rural Schools, Houghton Mifflin Co.: Suggesting cor- rective measures that are feasible and prac- ica . PHYSICAL TRAINING Bancroft. Jessie H, Posture of School Children. Macmillan Co.: Indispensable to a director of physical training. Ba.ncroft, Jessie H.. Games for Playground, Home, School and Gymnasium, Macmillan Co.: Com- plete and fully illustrated. Clark, Lydia. Physical Training for Elementary Schools. Sanborn Co. GEOGRAPHY Allen, The New Europe. Cinn. Bowman, South America. Rand, McNally. Branom, The Teaching of Geography, Ginn. Cushing 8: Huntington. Commercial Geography, VVorld Book Co. tin pressl. Heigzertson, Man and His XVork, Adam 8: Charles ac t. Huntington, Asia, Rand. McNally. Iluntington dk Cushing, Principles of Human Geog- raphy, John Xviley 81 Son. Lackey, Principles of Geography. Rand, McNally. Salisbury Barrows Sr Tower, Elements of Geogra- phy, Henry Holt. Semple, Influences of Geographic Environment. Henry Holt. Sinithi J. Russell, Commerce and Industry, Henry 0 t. Smith, .l. Russell, The lVorld's Food Resources. Henry Ilolt. Vnstead k Taylor. General and Regional Geogra- phy, Geo. Philip K Son. Bartholomew, Atlas of Economic Geography, Ox- ford Univcrsity Press. Finch 8: Baker. Gt-ngrapliv of XVorld's Agriculture. Govt. Printing Orllce, 'Washington Atlas ot' Rt-construction. Rand. McNally. Journal of Geography tmonthlyl, 2249 Calumet Ave. Chicago. National Geographic Magazine tmonthlyl, Nat. Geog. Society, lVashin5rton. Asia tmonthlyi, Asia Pub. Company, New York. Travel tmonthlyl. Daily Connnercc Reports tdallyl, Supt. of Docu- ments, XYashIni:ton. th-oirraplilc News linllctln. Bureau of Educntlon, NVashinp:ton. Material on Gt-ograpliy, Bulletin No. 69, E. III. S. N. S. Charleston, III. 1920. NATURE STUDY Voiiistock, Anna ll., llnndhook of Nature Study, Comstock I'uh. Co., ltlmcn. N. Y. Ke-llomr. Vcrnon I... Amcrlcnn Insects, llenry Holt Sz Po, Illnnclmn, Nt-Itjv, lllrd Nt-Iglihors, llouhlcdny, Page Sz Vu IIoITmnn, Ralph. A Guido to thc Illrds of New Eng- lu.nal und l'1:i:4tcrn New York. lflonghton, Mllilln Vu llogf-rs. .lnllu IC., Thc 'l'rce Ilook. llouhlcdny. P020 N Vo. Ki-1-li-r, Ilnrrlct I... Hur Nntlvc Tri-es, Clmrlcs S1-rllmt-r's Sons, N. Y. Ilnnn, Mrs. lVm. Stnrr, llow to Know the VVIId I-'low'-rx, f'lUll'll'H Scrlhnu-r'H Sons. I r1-nch. Alla-n, The- lit-irlnna-r's tlnrdon Ilook, Mne- mlllain Po. 1-I-1.-rimn, M, fl., llnw to Know the XVIId Fruits. Mncnilllnn Vo. Slinrp, lmllns Iiorc, Tho XVlioIe- Your Round. Hough' ton Mllllln l'o. WWW! . J . gf x ll 'x,r . ,. .NA Q 'fffizfx Q 5 , , K f- k- 'g:. gel .,,fXAli.,f' 1717 r' L 9' 1 X T SK -Ja fir N TK' ,fix X X ix :iii-f. xg Yeh N V.,-e 5 V e 9 X it W1-' ' 5- x 1 f FN? X f 'S K' f xx 1 ' 5 - :elif X' f ,,N LYS V Xgvv Zi 1-X ' JI x l X if I f I ,IV M to JL S lf' al x A 1 , Y 'ii ..,. , 4 . Lpgfmll ' 12' . X' Z T d lx ' l ff' W 4 Q! l Liu ll' , ,yi ll 3+ , , T pjf sf I l I - J I I 'g li! f , X 1 Xl l T l X Q T 7 ll x 1 -1 ax 1 . W Tl21'ill5i'Z bcnepce S M- I 1 if fl 1 - yhfi W1 : Q' 'A , .f ,f f X if T 01. '1..f',lEX7f Xwfyjidg, T Q ,J ' so ' V 4 ' K -- --- 4 f 1 N',,.-x fl 'VW ' if kffe f X ' xr,-Ax . - ' -I-A L, 1' '-'HIIII H-uyll1': ' -Yr f.:-if4 xl -cg-dh 52 5 ' asia? ' M MW- S' AW TMN- -Nji 4f..- M ii?'s 'l' uhllueve. ave Jfoujofny my lpfefgl,-,,a,1.? M 5 -v-is-,1.g.sxXX - -Q .SNXNNNLZQ eo'-it to the garden, siv-,nglye Sdfdn ..,-. W.o!king in 'the Garden . SENIOR TWO. Dear friends, if you would like to know And when there's som What girls can really do, We invite you just to make a call On the girls of Senior Two. They're intelligent and witty, Their hearts are kind and true: In all true sports none can excel The girls of Senior Two. ething needed, Gr something comes up new, They're always Johnnies on the spot, The girls of Senior Two. So, friends, we're bound to show you That what we say is true,- Just follow us into the world, The girls of Senior Two. MYRTA I. CRAWFORD, '21, 59 ! 'NN K. 'lp ll FE X K ?f fix f f A X Vi is M XX . so - -' tt .- ixxx V xl . k EAU XQN id X 5' f 1 5 x fir , 'Q 199-1 ,Styles of Hairdiicssingf They always talked and hinted and joked, And sometimes even seemed provoked To think that we just did not care About the way we combed our hair. For do and say NVl'13.tG,91' they might. Those horrid puffs still 'peared in sight. Now something must be done, we said, To help relieve those teachers' heads. One day we wore our hair tight backg For once we did those big puffs lack. All day the teachers laughed and joked, And never more did seem provoked About the way we combed our hair,- But still we never seemed to care. EDITH KOLB. '21 . W HY '? Oh, who can tell the reason why The girls who come from far away Are sure to be here right on time? And very strange it seems to be That those whose houses we can see Come in at halt' past nine. Dorcorm' R. CIIENEY. '2l. We-'ve studied and wt-'ve crammefl, And our hearls with knowledge jzimmecl, l'ill our brain-4-ells overflow with llll'0l'lTl1l llut now we'lI turn about. Anrl pour :ill this wisdom out, 'l'o hem-lit the coming generation. Ni-:i,1.n-: D. l ARMl'IR, 'ZZl. lui THE IVIERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK QW Avitxios DEPARTMENT ACCEPTS DEPOSITS gi off SMALL AMOUNTS AND DEPOSITS DRAW INTEREST ERoM THE DAY OF DEPOSIT ....... . THE OLDEST BANKING INSTITUTION IN SALEM 253 - 255 - 257 ESSEX STREET IT PAYS TO CROSS OVER We take this opportunity of thanking the students of the Salem Normal School for their patrona e duri g ng the year 9 and those who return next fall, together with the new students, will find us here with afull line of DRUGS, CANDY, ICE CREAM, TOILET ARTICLES, Etc. SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO PRESCRIPTION WORK Express Money Orders Public Telephone Circulating Library Forest River Pharmacy 59. 335 Lafayette Street, Salem, Mass The next time you want BRICK ICE CREAM- get the LYNNWOOD BRICKLifII AT EATZIXI 2- THE DRUGGIST Cgatp!z'n1en!f af ..... A FRIEND 61 AN ECDOTES Mr. Doner: You will be able to make plenty of I's if you watch me carefully. Teacher fin sciencel : What device for using fuels have you looked up? Student: The fireless cooker. Found on a test paper in nature study: In transplanting a tree, first cut a round circle. Student: Are flies injurious? Miss G.: Flies are an absolute, abominable, unmitigated nuisance! Heard in hygiene: Chocolate causes dissipation. Student finterested in nature l : Miss Goldsmith, I saw a kind of a, sort of a gray-like bird. What do you think it must have been? Nellie Farmer reports that Oliver Goldsmith had recently embarked for America, but he lost his ship. Heard on the train. Gen. Ceager for informationlz Oh, Miss Batchelder, I saw some little blue birds with white on the tail. What were they? bu Miss B. fseornfullylz Little! Why, Gen, they must have been blue-jaysg t they're bigger than blackbirds! Gen. imeeklylz Oh! Mr. S.: You know Jacob sold his birthright for a mess of pottage. E. H. faside. to a classmatel: I know that. That's in Aesop's Fables. Heard in literature: Barkis, an acquaintance of the renowned Mr. David Cop- perfield, has a phlegmatic temperature. Freshman fdoing amanuensis work for Mr. Whitnianl : What degree is M. I. T.'? Miss II. falludingz to a passage which had just been readl: Where does one hw-ar about Mt. Sinai? M. D.: In Grecian stories. Miss S.: I want to tell you that I think your class takes criticism very well. li. V.: VVc'rc used to it. Student: Is th:-rc a complete copy of Kipling's poems in school? Bliss H.: No, that book costs hve dollars. 1, Qlul-521 This Sign Stands for 143 EEBBBX Street The Smartest Corset Made 1' X ew A I - te . ,935 . at Coggigilfn Individualized Tailor Fitting K CORS ET A ELASTIC - - - CA 'T CL N65 BROCHE Constructive, Corrective, Aesthetic Work M SATIN Endorsement of a wide circle of - R2 52.00 - 535.00 . Pfoml X I nent, inlluential, enthusiastic people H. W. Peters Company CLASS RINGS, CLASS PINS, FRATERNITY AND SORORITY EMBLEMS MAKERS OF THE NORMAL SCHOOL RINGS H. VV. Peters Company 5178 VVashington St., Boston, 32. Mass. J. RICHARD O'NEIL - - - General Manager COMPLIMENTS OF Winship, Boit 8: Co. HARVARD KNITTING MILLS WAKEFIELD - MASS. HARVARD MILLS IHAND FINISHEDI UNDERWEAR 6 Salem Five Cents Savings Bank -2lO ESSEX STREET :-: SALEM, MASSACI-lUSETTSf so A OFFICERS : 'Presidenl, HENRY A. HALE Treasurer, HARRY P. GIFFORD ,Hssislanl Treasurer, ORLANDO S. LElGHTON Hours: 8,45 A. Nl. IO l.l5 P. M. Daily Saturday evenings from 6 to 8 for Deposits - High Grade CHOCOLA TES- Chocolate Sodas- -College Ices- -Ice Cream ....fBE5T QUALITY. . .. BOYD DRUG CO. 239 Lafayette Street HARRY BOYD, Proprietor From the Training School Pupil: Wliat's that? r I'i-zu'livi': Pzistv. Pupil: Oli, mv mutlu-i' uses swim- ol that on hill' lzicv. r l'vzu-lu-r: What uw- goorl tzililv iiiziiim-i's'? Pupil Ili umpz r ' : i not take your soup plate 1 1 ' ' ' - i'- uiy. l'c-zu-lim' tin clrawingj : Draw some olmjc-ct illustrziting fm'vsliui'tvii0d c'ii'c'li-s Pupil rlrf-iv fwfr sl1m'fwnwl c-irc-les. 'llf'2lf'lN'l' lrlisr-ussiiig f'olumlius llziyj: Why do wi- lizivv il lioliflziy tmiioi'i'im l Pupil: Sf, Vuliiiiiluis win liziw ai flziy ull. Bliss S. tiii tlic- first urzulvl: Wlu-iw flu you liw, lloln-i't'? v Imlu-i't: Un Nziplvs llmul. Nliss S.: l usi-rl to liw- ull Nzipli-s llfrsul, liui l iivvi-i' saw you ilu-rv. l.f,lii-rt: l wasnt llu-rw. I was iii lu-:iw-ii, Vliilil fm liltli grzula-li My iimtlu-i' luul :1 iii-xi' lmsilwy. liut it ilu-cl. 'l'f-:wlu-i'2 'lbw lmfl. Vl'li:it wus ilu- lllllll1'l'..' Vliilfl: We-ll, tlu- rlfwlm' sliut ilu- ling up lim liirlit lliait lu- lirmiglil it iii. fij um uid cliiiili lium it iiliiii tluit is r 101 TREMONT STREET, BOSTON Tim you, on gi Szxttirday night in August, personally travelled sciscntcaii milcsto hunt me up in J strangc place away from Ironic to secure me this position. shows the persistcncy of the Exchange. --Salem Normal Graduale in The Help4Book Q In tl conversation with you I lc.1rnc.ln1ore aliout the psychology nfzipply- ing for positions than I had previously known. -Cily Superinlenden! in The Helo Book THE HELIWBOOK our new manual, teaches How to be Stronger Candidates. It is free. Ask thc Exchange about positions which pay Candidates' Commissions. Re gister for the Best Paying Positions The Salem Evening News Daily Circulation over The NEWS is a real metropolitan newspaper-the only one in this part of Essex County. It has a big mechanical equipment, telegraph wires running to its editorial rooms, and is in every Way an upfto-date journal. Advertisers find THE NEWS very profitable I i .l I I IN AMERICA I I THE AIR IS FULL OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR THOSE l ABLE TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THEM .59 -.85 .3 .3 I OPEN AN INTEREST-BEARING ACCOUNT IN THIS lx INSTITUTION : ADD TO IT SYSTEIVIATICALLY : AND I I YOU WILL BE SURPRISED HOW SOON IT WILL ACCUIVI- l I l ULATE TO FURNISH YOU THE MEANS OF MEETING l 3 AND MAKING THE MOST OF YOUR OPPORTUNITIES I SAVINGS DEPARTMENT ll NAUIVIKEAG TRUST COMPANY l I SA I E E T T S il li l I Qi Q J f T , ff' I ' I fx . 'IF ' rf ffl .4 I -Q I I s .. Q A6 H, I ,I WU :X .Ig HU A I I III HMI Ig I I Slum 14 lgclf 4? I 4 N . lxzzj III . N ' ' f.. wif ' , IQ, l...IlI-, .. fy, . Qkfgldkz xg. V 'f Yr: h':z - f qi- f V Q 'qvfmzi' I J NA I L 41. ' 7 If 3 '11-X l I ..,.T1.,-. . , ,. ,..,,, I I ,,., ,, I I I 1 . 'I if S., I 1','g I -.I I I Class of 1920 I I I I I II'IIXII-Ax' SIIIIII-VXI-I IIIQII SI-IIIIIII I'Iif:IIIIIIII .IQIIIII-Q IIHIIHI JxI! 'lll II'I'NII'III'II IIIIIP II. .IIIIIIINIIII I':Xl'I'l'II II:IIII-III'II SI'IIIIIIl IlI':IIII' M IZIIXIIIII I IIl'Il if .IIIIIIINIIII IIN IIIIX QIIIIII-Ay XIIIIIVIWI I.. .IIIIIIINIII fllplxll N. III.-IQ.-gl xI.lI'I4lIl If .IIISIKIIII XYQIUIIHIH IIIWIQN NI1'1II'III'II III'II'll I . III iIII I-:MII-I-11 -I-II I.1XIIlI .IIIIIIIIIA IIIQII SI-IIIIIII JIIIIIIII- I . KI-III-I' Dany-mx I'IIxIIII- IKIIIIIII-I II.IfIII IiiIl:IIII I.VlllI 'I IZIIIIIII IIIIIIIII- IIIQII SI-IIIIIII I'NIII1'I' N. IQIIIIIIIII XII-I-I-ifmu SI-IIIi:I. X. Y I'I'IsI'iII:I XI. NI:II-:IIII:Iy QIIIIII :IXI LII-IIIIfi,-III IIII-II:II'II IX. XII'l':II'III.x' IIKIIIIII III-II-IIN 'I' NI:IIII-III-XII-I' III-II:I NI. XIIIIIN Quimy I'I,I- .IIIIIIlII' IIIIIII SI'IIIIIII, VIII-If9:I IIIIIII XIIIIPI XYIIIIIIIII1 IIIIUINUII I IZIIIAXN XIHIII1- Ilnllixgnu ILIIIP' Cl'lIIPI1III1I II'II'III-I If, XIIIIIIII Xl,-I-I-imm I-IQIIII-II IIIIIIIIVIX IZI-:III'iI'I- X, XIIIIIIIIN VIII-lg, I IIIIIQII l.IIIiIII'.x XIDIIII' XI. NI INIIII I-'IIVQI YIIIQILI IIIPX I.IIlIllI'X Ill1!II. XIIIXIN IQIIILIIK I5I:lIHI fII:gIIIIII IJIIIIIUAX II'II'Il'I' II, II'IQ1'I'I'I IIQIIIIIQIIIIII ' L' IIZIIIII'-I I II!1lIII'lIl I' I'IIII.lIII IIIIIIIII ' SIIIIIII III-IIiIIgII:IIII I4'II:I II, I'II-II:IIII l'III-Iv I N II IIIIIIII IIIXIIII-II I I:IIII'III- I'IXIIIIx l'II:IIIIII.III, XI:IiIII II I I III' I- QIIIIII-I IPIII'IIIII.x S, I'IIllI.llI I'lgIiIIIiIlI I I I I 'IIILW' I:l'XI'I'l' I IIf2lIII'lIl II I'1I1II4 Qqliqlly I I I IIIIIIIII XII-IIIIIIIII III':IIIIIl' XI. IIIIIIIII LIIIII II III-II:III II- IIIWI-I'I' XIII'I- IQ. IIII'II:II'IIXIIII PIII-IN, I 4 II I,III I..Xllll NIIIIII-I II, IIII'III'I' I,IIIII I I III,-II.IgIII I,yIIgI NI II'vX Il. IIIIIIIIIIIX VII.-IQ,-I I II IIII' ,III 'I'IIII-,III-III I'II:I II. IIIINN QIIIIIII If II T1 IIIIXIIIII I IIII'I I , IIIIIIQI SIIIIIIWI Illq 4 I I I':I':II IQIIIIIII'-I I Il'I'Xll IZIIxNI-II l':Nl'l'Q'II I II II XIIHIID-II'4I I1'II2I f4:lII'I I,.l5I IIIINIIIII I'I-:IIIIIIII XIIIIQI XI, SIHIIIIIIII SIIVIIIJIII-III. N I I I IIII-I S:III5'II- XIIIl'II'I II, SIIJINX I'fxI-rn-II I I III- II FxI:IIIIlI I'IIII I LIIII-III' III QIIIIII-IIIII III'II'II I II I ,III,II':II- I.,XlIIl II.IIIIIII If. SI:II III1IL'l'IIl'III, Y, I I II III'-IIIII IIIIIII- NI.II'IIIII II. NIIIIVII IJIIIIIKX I .. III IQ,-IIIJVIIII IIIIIIIIIIII lf. SIIIIIXJII IIIINII I N, II,,,I ,,.-I Nl II I XI. 'I Il'I'Ill I SIIIIIII IZLI-I IIII:IIII I II A MI 5-I,,4.HIHy., I II- II I . vI'4lXI Il,XQ'IIlI I:1'Il'Il I llwl HI XI,IIIIII'Il' X, IuIIIIII'x l,AXllII H .N gum' H 'HV I'X.lIIIl'l IIIII- Ll IIXIIIIII I'I'l:IIIIIIIx uI'I'IIII11' I' I n'I' :4'XQ'I I'I I XIIII.I I' XXI IIIIIIIIIII WI-SI NII'IIIw:II I I , I I IIIIII I', IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIII I ' 'I-IIIIIIIII NI.III .I, xxlllll IIII-IIIIII NORMAL GRADUATES and COMMERCIAL TEACHERS Are in Constant Demand Teachers' -wk ALVIN F. PEASE, Manager 6 Beacon Street, Boston, Massachusetts VVir1ship Long Distance Telephone , Office and Residence The FICKETT TEACHERS' AGENCY EIGHT BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS Edward W. Fickett, Proprietor ef- We find each year excellent positions for many graduates of both the elementary and commercial course RUFUS E. CORLEW GRACE M. ABBOTT Proprietor MSU-HBH THE CORLEW TEACHERS' AGENCY 120 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON ll, MASSACHUSETTS ais- THE FISK TEACHERS' AGENCIES EVERETT O. EISK 8 CO., Proprietors 2 A Park Street, Boston, Mass. S09 Title Building, Birmingham, Alabama 225 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York ZS E. Iackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 402 Dilyea Building, Syracuse, New York 317 Masonic Temple, Denver, Colorado 549 Union Arcade, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 604 lournal Building, Portland, Oregon 2560 Overton Park Circle, Memphis, Tennessee 2161 Shattuck Avenue, Berkeley. California 510 Spring Street, Los Angeles, California 07 GREGG SHORTHAND Taught in the high schools of 87 W of the cities and towns in the United States whose high schools teach shorthand. No other idea in the commercial educational field has ever been indorsed by so large a percentage of schools and teachers. q, . INSIST ON GETTING GREGG . THE GREGG PUBLISHING COMPANY NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON SIN FRANCISCO LONDON SALEM SAVINGS BANK tOPPOSlTIi THE POST-OFFICEN A Mutual Savings Bunk Mr More Than 0110 Hllrzdrcfd Yvnrs Starting in 1818, this Pmanlt has grown steadily until it now has deposits of nearly S l 2,000,000, and has distrihuted dividends of ahout 518,900,000 to the depositors. We invite you to open an ucount with tts. lnterest liegins the l5th of cztch month. Recent llivitlcntls nt thc rntcol-1'3'Z1 per annum I 5 -ul' ND 4. iv o .N 4 . 5: 4 Q I f 'v Qt, 1 1 ,ff 0 O I . Q I JI. S sf q O .'N, 1-.P A, F Q .1 - Q 'nf 1 I -ya c -1 K I , .kr , fu ' Q , 4 , I p ' Ps s 'I r 'li J . 1 , 0 Y. 1 I xl 6. .8 v C 7 2 J I A v 1 P M NJ 9 ei Q. I. Ti 1 !'iL ,Ir I .1 SE' T P 1 .. fy I i V v I , . I 4.74 .- yin-' ' x I , xa- , if . . N 'n 19 fn- Q ' ' - 7 1 K J- 'IX :VW .,,, ... ..4. ,Q W -J WZ. 'f 4, . . X 4- , 1, : -R. i 'f' 54. W 1 ,,: -,I .u . ex y J Q. 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