Rocky Mountain College - Yellowstone / Poly Yearbook (Billings, MT)

Text from Pages 1 - 140 of the 1927 volume:

The Pol i Nineteen Hundred Twenty-Seven PUBLISHED BY THE STUDENTS of the BILLINGS POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE Polytechnic, Montana THE 1927 O L Y BILLINGS POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE BOARD OF TRUSTEES H. T. Hedden I. D. O ' DoNNELL Ernest T. Eaton P. B. Moss President Vice-President Secretary Treasurer James R. Goss, Charles Chapple, Rev. G. J. Powell, Rev. Raymond Walker, Marion Dietrich, Rev. E. R. Curry, Rev. W. Holt Smith, Lewis T. Eaton, Chandler Cohagen EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Lewis T. Eaton - Chairman Ernest T. Eaton _ . . Secretary H. T. Hedden, Charles Chapple, Marion Dietrich Willis E. Lougee Lewis T. Eaton Ernest T. Eaton MANAGEMENT New Bedford, Massachusetts Honorary President Educational Director Financial Director il Arthur O. Kline Registrar and Assistant Treasurer II TIE 1927 POLY li 3$ar?worb In preparin g this book we have endeav- ored to present only the more important events of the school vear. Since it is our wish that this book shall be of service, we have incorporated such features as may be of interest to those wishing further schol- astic training. W e sincerely hope that our efforts meet with your app roval and that this book will give the same joy which has been ours in prepa ring it. The Editor. z X o w H - ►J O Pi w K H O Oi 02 HI THE 1927 L Y TABLE OF CONTENTS I— Faculty - . 9 II — Junior College 17 III — Preparatory 28 IV — Departments 31 V— Athletics 51 VI — Organizations 57 VII— Midland Empire 67 VIII— Announcements, 1927-28 71 IX— Calendar, 1927-28 96 X— Advertisers 97 gj3 Hi f , THE 1927 POLY SPIRIT OF B. P. I. To add to the sum of human happiness and f jrther the advancement of Christian civilization. To make available to all who knock at its doors the fountains that make fertile the fields of self-realization and give life to the seeds of character. To instill within the breasts of those whom it sends forth higher ideals of service and g reater appreciation of the true values of life US gag T H 19 2 7 POL To build the Polytechnic took more than stones, cold mortar, and brick; it took great men, their hearts, their brains, their lives. Stone by stone, brick by brick, on a foundation of faith its walls were laid; each stone an added wrinkle, each brick a gray hair. IrMratum Nineteen years ago the Eatons came, full in the vigor of youth; men with enduring ideals and a dauntless courage. And now today the Polytechnic stands, an immortal monument to their great endeavor; to them this book we dedicate. sag 11 Is tVj„ T H E 1 L Y HAIL U. P. I. Oh wonderful for fellowship, For worship, work, and piny, For friendship, love, and loyalty That live and grow ahvay — Hail B. P. L! Our B. P. L! To thee our song we raise. IT hat e ' er we do, ivhere e ' er we go, He ' ll ever sing thy praise. Oh wonderful for eager youth, With mind and heart alight, With vision keen to see the truth, With purpose high and right. Hail B. P. I.! Our B. P. I.. ' Our hearts with joy abound. Our highest hopes, our noblest dreams. Our best friends here are found. Oh wonderful for Open Door, For faith in human kind, For kindly guidance, patient trust , For help our souls to find. Hail B. P. I.! Our B. P. L! Our best to thee we give, To thee, dear B. P. I. we owe, Our chance to learn and live. Oh wonderful for founders i reat Whose work with God is planned. With God they labor and create The best school in the land. Hail B. P. L! Our B. P. I.! Great school, you ' ll greater grow, We ' ll work for you, we ' ll boost for you, We wanted you to know! Guy L. Barnes T E 1927 POLY LEWIS T. EATON, M. S. Educational Director M. S., Lenox College President of College of Montana 1904-08 Pounder of Billings Polytechnic Institute Listed in Who ' s Who in America ERNEST T EATON, M. S., Ph. B. Financial Director M. S., Lenox College, Iowa Ph. B., State University of Iowa Financial Secretary of College of Montana 1904- 08. Pounder of Billings Polytechnic Institute. State Senator- Listed in Who ' s Who in America. R. E. ALBRIGHT, B. A. Dean of the Polytechnic Institute B. A., Cornell College Graduate work, University of Iowa Congregational Minister ii 10 THE 1 O L Y FREMONT DIXON, B. S. Head of Science Department Kansas State Teachers ' College University of Oregon University of Denver University of California J. CRAIG McCLANAHAN Head of the Commercial Department M. Accts., University of Kentucky Union College, Tennessee Bowling Green Business College Zanerian Art College Gregg School, Chicago FLORENCE M. SHIRK, A. B. Public School Music A. B., Washburn College 11 ■■■■ i. 1 , THE 1927 L Y ALEXANDER W. WADDELL Head of Manual Training Department Manual Training and Architectural Engineering Kansas State Teachers ' College HAZEL K. CLARK, B. S. Home Economics B. S., Oregon Agriculture College University of California University of Washington f | 11 II GARRETT A. HOLMES, A. B. Head of Department of English and Public Speaking Debate Coach A. B., Baker University Kansas State University George Washington University, Washington, D. C. President of Montana Inter-Collegiate Orator- ical Association 1 | jl M 12 gfl Hi Sia T H E 1 L Y MELVIN COLLINS, B. S. Athletic Coach B. S., University of Nebraska Missouri Valley All-Star. Honorable Mention All-American GUY L. BARNES, Ph. B. Head of Religious Education Depart- ment Billings Polytechnic Institute 1917 Ph. P.., University of Chicago Graduate work, Chicago Theological Seminary EMMA N. JOHNSON Mathematics and Continuation Studies Simpson College, Indianola, Iowa Highland Park Normal, Des Moines, Iowa Student work in University of Chicago IK 13 E 19 2 7 O L Y DONALD W. HOWE, B. S. Engineering and Mathematics B. S., Massachusetts Institute of Technology LOFTUS H. WARD, B. S. Dean, Conservatory of Music B. S., Drake University Harmony and Theory, Arthur Foote and Fred- erick Chapman Post-graduate work under Holmes Cowper Four years pipe organ under Addie van cier Tuyle Barnett CLARKSON F. ORVIS, B. S. Head of Agricultural Department B. S., South Dakota State College Two years Agriculture Rehabilitation Assistant, U. S. Veteran ' s Bureau 14 US E 1 L Y CARL ALDRICH Head of Automotive Engineering De- partment ELIZABETH H. FRY, B. S. Dean of Women Physical Education Chicago Normal School JB. S., University of Washington CLARENCE HOLT Farm Manager Graduate Polytechnic Institute Graduate work, Montana State College Hi 15 1M E 19 2 7 L Y ARTHUR O. KLINE, B. S. Registrar Assistant Treasurer Graduate Professional Course Graduate of Accounting B. S., Valparaiso University, Indiana LENA M. BEEBE Scire ary to Directors Make it your whole concern to furnish your faith with resolution, resolution with intelligence , intelligence with self-control, self- con rol with steadfastness , steadfastness with godliness, godliness with brotherliness , brotherliness with Christian love. For as these things exist in you and increase, they render you active and fruitful. ' [ ' •Si ' tV.J 16 SHi Hi = ==-= = n llZ,,Z«m,,L « «i ,m I ....JimiJiIIZlml., , I, Ill m„ZZZZlZZZZZZZZZ,ZZ,„nZ „Z Z,ZZ,CJ} THE 1927 POLY JUNIOR COLLEGE I i 17 it§ ' ' 3 ' 3 Z m Z 3 ' ZZZZ Z— !ZZZ Z!Zi! ;;3; i ;;3 ' 3 ' 3 , 3 , 3 • ■ ■  ' ■  • dfe ' ' ™ ' ™ §Hi ii ZZZnZZZmnMM.nH „i ..i Si T H E 1 7 POLY THE JUNIOR COLLEGE— WHAT IT IS The Junior College is not a substitute for high school or for the standard college courses. A new development in education, the Junior College has established itself in a field distinctly its own. While it is true that the Junior College graduate is fitted to enter any standard college with junior standing, the Junior College does not exist primarily to prepare students for entrance into other schools. The Junior College admits students who have two years high school credit or its equivalent, and in four years of practical, intensive training they are prepared for successful work in their chosen vocations. The Billings Polytechnic Junior College is organized on the quarter-year basis. This makes it possible for students to attend the school for three months, six months, nine months, or twelve months each year, and receive full credit for all work done. Increasing numbers of ambitious young people are finding that the Junior College furnishes exactly the preparation they desire and saves them much time and money. 18 Ti ;: . . ' • , Zl. E 1927 POLY 19 T M E 1 OLY ALFRED BARTZ Barber, Montana Class President Academy Graduate Liberal Arts Course Chief Justice, Student Government Editor-in-Chief, Polygraph Associate Editor, Annual Debate Oratory Glee Club Football Eagle I ' d Climb the Highest Mountain. JENNIE V. PEROE Billings, Montana Academy Graduate Liberal Arts Course Glee Club Alpha Too At any Parties and Too Many Pals. LORETTA E. PAGE Golva, North Dakota Academy Graduate Liberal Arts Course Glee Club Polygraph Staff Annual Staff Alpha Need Thee Every Hour. HENRY LASHER Custer, Montana Custer High School Liberal Arts Course Basketball Pioneer Work, For the Night is Corning. C A 20 -US J m _ __ „ i THE 1927 POLY LESTER PECK Park City, Montana Orange, California High School Honor Student Liberal Arts Course Lieutenant Governor, Student Government Editorial Writer, Polygraph P resident, Service Club Gospel Team Glee Club Quartet How Yo ' Goin to Keep ' Em Down On the Farm? RHEA E. KLINE Polytechnic, Montana Academy Graduate Liberal Arts Course Glee Club Quartet Alpha Class Vice-President Just a Weary in for You. ELIZABETH COOKE Billings, Montana Billings High School Liberal Arts Course Glee Club Alpha Class Secretary Let the Rest of the World Go By. MISS FLORENCE SHIRK Class Sponsor Five Foot Two; Eyes of Blue. : Jl 21 i v; THE 1927 O L Y MAN Man is his own star; and the soul that ran Render an honest and a perfect man Commands all light, all influence, all fate ; Nothing to him falls early or too late. Our acts our angels are, for good or ill, Our fatal shadozus that walk by us still. A human being is a wonderful thing. In fact what is there on this earth of ours which can compare with him? You are not flattering yourself when you say that a comparison is not to be found. The world is made up of many wonderful and beautiful things both living and dead. The living have ascendency over the dead. Man has as- cendency over all other beings as a result of one difference, and that one difference makes all the difference in the world. Flesh and blood and all material things have a limit to their possibilities, to their development, for the very reason that they are material. The difference between the material and the immaterial is God, the spiritual. Inasmuch as material things are bound down by their materiality, so is God contrastingly infinite. Man is a combina- tion of the material and the spiritual because he was given a soul, which is of the spirit of God, in his body of flesh and blood. There is no such thing existing as a perfect man because his possibilities are infi- nite as a result of his having in him something of the infinite. There are no heights to which a man may strive but there is something still higher for him to reach. In the Beginning it was said, Man shall have Dominion — . Little by little he has been achieving that dominion ever since. He is still striving at it and always will be. While I am writing there is a thunderstorm going on outside. Man seems a little thing in comparison, but I do not think it impossible that at some future time he will find means to control the elements. Other things have been impossible and have been accomp- lished, and man has been the agent. Let us look at him. A man is not the product of a moment, a day, a year; he is what his thoughts, his acts, his habits, his strivings through all his life have made him. He can never be a perfect product because there is nothing to which he cannot attain, provided he sees his vision and has the will, the perseverance to strive to achieve. To all students, and especially to those who are now going through a process called graduating the above should be a vision. Whatever a student is trying to prepare himself for, he can make of himself what he will, as from day to day he builds himself through his thoughts, his acts, and finally his habits. For it is very true that — Little drops of water. Little grains of sand. Make the mighty ocean, And around it the dry land. Lester E. Peck 22 Ms {Ml nm _. m _ _ _ «. _ ._„ ,„„ „„„_ M s zzrizizizzs j p Ij THE 1927 POLY . ]( || , || 1 1 : 1 I I - i i Till A m m II JUNIORS 1 11 11 1 1 . • 1 1 23 Ufa MM EHp_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ i|S THE 1927 L Y Seated: May Kuhl, Marie Paris, Ruby Henry, Miriam Skipp, Mildred Aldrlch, Marian Chick, Margaret Holmes Standing-: Wm. Chamberlin, Walter Peck, Baird Janr.ey, Bert Kronmiller, Faye Tooke, Herman Miller, Dudley Fulton I j ll i . .1 JUNIOR CLASS Bert Kronmiller, President Mr. G. A. Holmes, Sponsor Wm. Chamberlin, Vice-President Margaret Holmes, Sec.-Treas. This group of comely young ladies and handsome young gentlemen is one of the Poly ' s outstanding classes. We are not boasting for we have learned how to shovel in and dig out and have built up a mound of valuable knowledge. No class has been better directed and supported, as we have Mr. Holmes for our sponsor, who is a willing helper and a great help to us in advising and aiding. It ' s Who ' s Who that stands us on a high pedestal, though not too high to lend a ready and helping hand to the others. All of us have willingly done our bit to make the Poly and the out-of-town districts recognize real quality among us and other classes. In basketball and football Baird Janney, Faye Tooke, Wm ' . Chamberlin, Stanley Sloate, and Bert Kronmiller were players who sweated and worked hard in order to build up our fast-playing teams. In the music department are Baird Janney, Herman Miller and Stanley Sloate. The girls acted important parts in Blue Moon, one of Poly ' s most successful exhibitions, and in many dramatic stage productions. Also they have contributed much musical talent. This collective history of the Junior Class of ' 27 is an introduction to what the members will accomplish in the future. It is the first page to the many pages of interesting events and successful aims that will ripen and make names for us all. 24 A Sin ,£18 THE 1927 L Y ROLL CALL From Laurel comes William Bill Chamberlin, football guard, Secretary of State in the Student Government, and aspiring architect. High in Student Government, and fomidable in debate, Bert Kronmiller, of Deaver, Wyoming, the president of our class,and football tackle, is an all around man. Baird Janney, from Hardin, as a member of the male quartet, and in dramatics, has won the hearts of many audiences by his graceful bearing, pleasant manners, and tenor voice. Red also contributed to the strength of the football team as tackle and end. Herman Miller, also from Hardin, an accomplished musician and President of Dramatics club has added to the success of nearly every dramatic production of the year. Mildred Aldrich came from Ekalaka. Now Ekalaka is on the map. Dormitory life at Kimball Hall would sometimes lag without Faye Tooke, also an Ekalaka contribution. Faye played tackle on the football team, and is among the sixteen letter men. Ruby Henry comes from Midwest, Wyoming. Gay, willing, and a brunette, she gives the lie to that Blonde Idea. Another Midwest product is Marian Chick. Everyone knows the meaning of Chick. She ' s it. The grave responsibilities of chaperoning evening visitors at the library fall upon the unassuming shoulders of Walter Peck, of Park City. To prove that James Anderson, of Twete, is a regular fellow, he has been made a Fellow in Engineering. She May Kuhl (cool), but we think she will always remain the same irrepres- sible May who has helped make life lively. May is from Luther. A builder of homes and a helper of humanity is our always smiling and lovable Margaret Holmes. Margaret comes from Stanford. A great man is not necessarily a large man, as was found to be true when Kennan Skeen came to the Polytechnic from Worland. There is no joke about Dudley Fulton from Wibaux, though he is short and to the point. The leading role in The Brat gave Marie Paris a chance to demonstrate her dramatic ability. Marie ' s home is in Worland. From Billings comes Stanley Sloate, clever football quarterback, and letter man. HE 25 W t .i„ „i . i THE 1927 L Y Seated: Harris Swartz, Mabel McDonald, Mildred Coons, Miss Clark, Eula Frazier, Sadie Porter, George Levi Standing-: Robert Koraoll, Wm. Kline, Everett Klunder, Marcus Whitten, James Carmack Not Present: Thelnia Shiveiy, Ralph Matteson, Helen Broadus SOPHOMORE CLASS Last fall the Sophomore Class began a year of activity by being one of the first classes to organize. After some debating they chose Miss Clark for sponsor, Robert Komoll for President, Sadie Porter for Vice-President, and Harris Swartz for Secretary-Treasurer. The Sopohmore class boasts of having members in every student organization on the campus. There are three members who were on the football team and won their letters; five members in the chorus; one member on the stock-judging team which was sent to Bozeman to represent the Polytechnic at the Vocational Confer- ence; two members make a half of the male quartet; five members hold responsible positions in the Student Government ; one ranks high in the societies — and so it goes all the way down the list. In the way of social activities the Sophomores, combined with the Freshmen, are credited with the dance which was given on March 26th in honor of Mr. L. T. Eaton ' s fifty-eighth birthday. It was proclaimed by all to be the best dance given during the year. As the year 1926-27 closes, the Sophomore Class feels that they have just reached the half-way station, and that vacation is only a time when their energies may be renewed for another lap. sis 26 -§f| U -«.,„- -U tHU ME 19 2 7 L Y Seated: John Sweeney, Melvin Hanks, Lj ' dia Clark, Dorothy Chilcott, Cloyd Chatwood, Ralph Matteson Standing: Dean Whipple, Ray Heffern, Ted Hansen, Lawrence Levi, Mr. Barnes FRESHMEN CLASS Ted Hansen, President John Sweeney, Vice-President Mr. Barnes, Sponsor Cloyd Chatwood, Sec ' y.-Treas. We pass sorrowfully from our happy, care-free verdancy to the burdensome responsibilities of Sophomores, leaving a record which reflects to our lasting credit, credit. Among our number we have two who won their letters in football. Hansen, Hanks, Chatwood and Heffern answered Coach Collins ' roll call on the first line basketball team and contributed heavily to the season ' s victorious record. They wound up the season in a fitting way by winning the inter-class tournament. The Freshman Dance in March evidenced our leadership in social affairs. With the cooperation of the Sophomores, we sponsored the only class dance of the year ( if we may be permitted to take exception to the Junior Prom). No comment on the dance is necessary for every student on the campus and some from town were among those who enjoyed the fine music and good fellowship of the occasion. The Polygraph, Student Government, Oratory, Dramatics, the Service Club, the Church, and this Annual have all called for contributions of brain and brawn from our class, and we feel just pride in the way we have responded to the call. As this, our Freshmen year, ends, we have one regret which we share with all our associates. That is for the absence of our former friend and classmate, Jimmie Craw. 27 f l _ __ _ _, ,„„„z,„z,„r„„z„„iVi T EI E 1 7 L Y Seated: Mr. Ward, Zella Whitten, Doris Ekwortzel, Mabel Graff, Ervin Levi Standing: Harry Huntley, Ira VanDreal, Gifford Jones, Wm. Ricketts, Howard Orvis, Lawience Mullins PREPARATORY II Erwin Levi, President Mabel Graf, Vice-President Mr. Ward, Sponsor Doris Ekwortzel, Sec.-Treas. Under the guidance of our very able sponsor, Mr. Loftus H. Ward, the Prepar- atory II Class has culminated a very successful year and are now one step nearer the top of the ladder. Although we may be slow and as some say green, we have aspirations for reaching our tentative goal in the near future. We call ourselves the Preparatory Class because our motto is, Get a founda- tion to build upon. We have been somewhat handicapped by a small class-enrollment but we are proud of the fact that we have done our utmost to support and participate in all the campus activities. Next year we hope to hold the position which the Freshman College Class have bragged about so long. 28 (US ■ §H !||p_ _ _ _ _ mii _ „,„_ M THE 1927 POLY Seated: Wm. Duncan, Victor Rue, Sherman Swope, Jane Brown, Francis Mullins, Thomas Eaton, Holly Anderson Standing: Spencer Pavne, Clay Hoffman, Howard Peterson, Rondal Martin, Charles Levi, Carroll Kirk, Gilbert Giles PREPARATORY I Carl Aldrich, Sponsor Gilbert Giles, Sec.-Treas. Charles Levi- President Vernon Zook, Vice-President The Prep class was among the very first to be organized early in the year and everywhere — work, play, and at Prescott Commons, we have been well represented. Our basketball team stands in the ranks of the best. In the Student Government and the Societies, action and push harder has been our motto. The Seniors have reached the top of the ladder, and say we are green, but that is all right ; we will not condemn them for that for most things are more beautiful when green, we have green things on the table, and note — only green things grow. They have learned enough this year to know that they don ' t know very much. It is we who make it possible for the Freshmen, Sophomores, and Juniors to be. After all we are one of the most important spokes in the wheel. To the last will and testament of the Seniors we are looking forward to with anticipation, for we hope to inherit some such property as their seats in chapel. We only ask them to take their gun along with them, and in return for this we offer them one last bit of advice which is — speed up for we are coming and have no four-wheel brakes. We have one other asset which is envied us by many of the other classes. Our sponsor is Mr. Carl Aldrich. That is just further evidence of our superior industry, for ' as has been said, we were the first to organize. W 29 US [• !_ . IMII THE 1927 L Y The A a ofi « ' fi r oct A ™ sua !!§!_,.,._ _ _ _ _,„„_,„ E 1 L ¥ DEPARTMENTS 31 HI re ,„_ _ _ m THE 1927 POLY CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Loftus H. Ward, Dean Standing: Matteson, Lasher, Miller, Carmack, Bartz, Levi, Rieketts, Professor Ward, Janney, Peck, Martin, Sweeney, Komoll, Swartz, Chatwood Seated: Whitten, Porter, Shirk, Clark, Cooke, Peroe, Coons, Skipp, Kline, Paiis, Aldrich, Chilcott Mixed Chorus The Polytechnic Chorus is a mixed chorus (38 members, 1926-27) to which all students of singing and all students of the Institute who are properly qualified are admitted to membership. The work of the chorus centers around the. activities of the school year; and the regular Sunday vesper service, the chapel programs, the down-town appearances of the chorus in Billings, the Christmas, Easter, Commencement, and special day programs are supplemented by several trips during the season for concerts in different towns of the Midland Empire. The work of the chorus covers a wide field including music selected from opera, oratorio, the classics, and modern popular entertainment novelties. 32 t ' j ■§n T H E 1 L Y PILGRIM CHORAL CLUB Loftus H. Ward, Director The Pilgrim Choral Club under the direction of Loftus H. Ward is a choir of forty-five members supported by First Congregational Church of Billings. Students of singing in the Conservatory who can qualify are admitted to membership in this organization. The work done by the Choral Club consists of the highest grade oratorios and cantatas, four of which were presented during the year. Sections of the Messiah, and three complete cantatas by Dudley Buck were the works presented. Two anthems each week are sung in the regular Sunday morning services. 33 THE 1927 L Y Robert Komol Lester Peck Baird Janney James Carmack POLY MALE QUARTET The Polytechnic male quartet has become well known in the Midland Empire territory this year through their many appearances in Billings and other towns in eastern Montana. Quartet numbers have featured every concert of the Polytechnic chorus, and the quartet has been very much in demand during the latter part of the year for commencement programs and other community entertainments. The male quartet also took a leading part in the presentation of Blue Moon, the musical comedy presented by the Conservatory of Music. 34 1 9 L Y Lydia Clark Rhea Kline Mildred Coons Florence Shirk LADIES QUARTET Under the direction of Professor Ward, the Polytechnic Ladies Quartet has heen one of the popular numbers on the programs given by the music department in Billings and neighboring towns. Dressed in their Colonial costumes and singing old-fashioned songs, they have been in much demand, especially during the spring months since their fame has spread. Among the organizations which have enjoyed their talent are Montana Feder- ation of Women ' s Clubs, D. A. R., Christian Church, local Women ' s Clubs, and the Polytechnic student body. 1 AU E 19 2 7 L Y Standing: Zella Whitten, Wanetta Dennis, Mildred Coons, Sadie Porter, Amalia Schrupp, Marion Chick, Ruby Henry, Lydia Clark, Elizabeth Cooke, Mildred Aldrich, Dorothy Chilcott Kneeling: Marie Paris, Margaret Holmes Moon Lady: Jennie Peroe MOON LADY CHORUS Never was the moon more beautiful nor the stars more bright than on the even- ing of the 9th of May when Blue Moon rose over the stage at the Babcock theatre, bearing in its circle the Goddess of Love. Under the magic spell of the beautiful Goddess and her fairies, three innocent couples became entangled in the toils of in- cipient matrimony. This was only one of the many beautiful scenes in the production, Once In a Blue Moon, given by the School of Music under the masterful direction of Dean Loftus H. Ward. This production was voted by impartial judges to be the most successful home-talent performance ever witnessed in Billings. The theatre was packed ; the people were pleased ; and with such an achievement to their credit, we know that Dean Ward and his students have established our School of Music as second to none. . _ _; T M E 1 7 POLY Public Speaking Department DRAMATICS Seated: Rhea Kline, Henry Lasher, Miriam Skipp, Loretta Page, Melvin Hanks, Wm. Kline, Marie Paris Standing: Bert Kronmiller, Lydia Clark, Baird Janney, Dorothy Leavens, Sadie Porter, Professor Holmes, Herman Miller DRAMATICS CLASS Undoubtedly one of the most popular and live-wire organizations on the campus is the Polytechnic Players, the dramatic club organized from the members of the class in Dramatic Interpretation. Among the students on the campus are many who are interested in dramatic work, some of whom have evinced a great desire for an organization through which they could keep in touch with the drama of the day, and at the same time become thoroughly familiar with the technique of acting and the actual work of stage produc- tion. The dramatic club has been the answer to that question. The aim of this organization is to create and perpetuate a wholesome and endur- ing interest in dramatics ; to give students of ability an opportunity to exercise and develop their talent ; to give all students an opportunity to participate in this field of endeavor; to serve as an entertainment group — an advertising medium for the school; and to promote a greater spirit of cultural and democratic achievement among the students. The group has produced the following plays this year: A Night in an Inn - Double Crossed ----- The Finger of God - Wanted: 10,000 Young Milliners The Brat ------ The Other Wise Man (Christmas Pageant) Lord Dunsany Charles Mather Percival Wilde Thomas Mahew Maud Fulton Van Dyke 11 — 37 : ' .,,„ z r z,,,, 1 Hi „„,„„„„,„ l m„„„,u,„uM W T H E 1 7 POLY PUBLIC SPEAKING DEPARTMENT Oratory Alfred Bartz Barber, Montana In oratory, the Poly again manifested ability and high quality of work. Alfred Bartz was the orator chosen to represent the school in the State Intercollegiate Orator- ical Contest this year. Although he was only a college sophomore and was pitted against the best upper-class orators in the state, he made a fine showing, was highly praised by those who heard him, and succeeded in carrying off fourth honors. The Polytechnic was chosen this year as the place for the State Contest, and Mr. Holmes, president of the Montana Intercollegiate Oratorical Association, was complimented by the other schools on the fine manner in which our school fulfilled her duties as host. SH ™ ™ 38 zrZnZzzzz ' imZmZzizrziig _ PI _ _ -. _ - T M E 1 O L Y Debate George Levi Alfred Bartz Bert Kronmiller POLYTECHNIC DEBATERS On February 28th the Bozeman team came to the Polytechnic, debating the question — Resolved : that the Volstead law should be modified as to permit the sale of light wines and beers. They debated the negative side while the Poly boys upheld the affirmative. After listening to the arguments of both teams the audience gave the decision to Poly. Mount St. Charles was the next team to offer resistance, at which time our boys were defeated. But our debaters were not getting enough of action at home so they planned an invasion of the enemies ' territory. They departed for the western part of the state where they first attacked Mount St. Charles. There they had the best debate of the season. Issues were squarely met and just enough humor injected to make things lively. At Butte the Poly team took the negative, which they kept for the rest of the season. The debate with the School of Mines resulted in a two to one decision in favor of the Miners. Evidence of the change of sides showed up at Butte when the Poly debaters would forget themselves and argue on the wrong side of the question. This furnished amusement and slight disadvantage, but the same was short-lived as proved by their next debates. The next stop was Bozeman where the Polytechnic team pocketed a two to one decision. The last debate of the season was held on home soil, in Billings. There the Jamestown College (N. Dak.) debaters stopped off long enough to engage with our veterans of the West. They argued very ably their side of the question, but never- theless, the decision of the audience was almost unanimous in favor of Poly. For their coach, Professor G. A. Holmes, grizzled warrior of many debates, they have many praises. They reported some good jokes on him, but, since we do not have his report, we cannot quote them. 39 m ,_ _ _ jmz E 1 O L Y RELIGIOUS EDUCATION DEPARTMENT Guv Barn us. Instructor Seated: G. Levi, Carmack, Jones, Ricketts Standing ' : Barnes, Aldrich, Peck, Komoll Gospel Team Above, you see the picture of some of the boys who, under the careful and capable supervision of Mr. Guy Barnes, head of the Religious Education Department, have, with the willingness that is so characteristic of Polytechnic students, put into actual practice that which they have learned, by carrying the Gospel to all the outlying distr icts near Billings. Canyon Creek and Progressive school are among the many places where these Skypilots have held Sunday services with the regularity of a clock. Ready — go! was their motto. A storm, or muddy and slippery roads daunted them not. An incident which will probably live long in their memories is the time they were forced off the road and tore down a farmer ' s fence, and, upon examining their car with a skilful eye found no other injury than a bent radius rod. This they bent back into its proper relationship, scraped the mud from their clothes, and continued to their destination where they held the usual service. The spirit of these young men has been an inspiration to their classmates and the results of their work have been worthv of their efforts. in US A THE 1927 POLY DOMESTIC ARTS DEPARTMENT Hazel K. Clark, Instructor Seated: Chilcottt, Whitten, Graf, Ekwortzel, Aklrich, Brown Standing: Miss Clark, Skipp, Porter, Cooke, Peroe Sewing Class A love of beauty is a primal instinct of woman; good taste is The love of beauty. We are taught to appreciate good music, good literature, good food ; so, likewise, we must train our eyes to see color harmonies, beautiful lines, subtle propor- tions, and agreeable textures in everything that goes to make our homes better. With this always in mind the Domestic Arts Department endeavors to teach a truer appreciation of those things, together with ability to apply those standards of excellence in the home making arts. Our class has accomplished much during the past year. We have become better able to make ourselves and our surroundings more attractive, have spent many pleasant hours together, and have left behind evidence of our having passed. 41 THE 1927 L Y ii ii 42 T U E I 7 POLY SCHOOL OF COMMERCE J. C. McClanahan, Instructor Class Room The School of Commerce has a larger enrollment than any other branch of the school. In the department where the above picture was taken Mr. McClanahan con- ducts a real business laboratory where students build for themselves the firm founda- tion that is necessary for a business education. Old graduates will look at this picture and in their minds eye they will again see its blackboards containing their chart and figures; to their ears will come once again the clear, precise voice of their instructor as he explains the intricacies of account- ancy, irons the kinks from a knotty problem in business ethics, or propounds questions to test the fruits from the seeds he has planted and to tax the ingenuity of the ones that bluff. This year the School of Commerce turns out a large class who have been trained to cope with all the problems that confront a young person in industrial life, and who will follow the footsteps of hundreds who have preceeded them to prominence and at- tainment in this field. 43 THE 1927 L Y Department of Agriculture M DOWN ON THE FARM At five or six or seven o ' clock, At the Polytechnic dairy barn, When the grunts begin to grunt, The chickens start to cackle, The bovines raise their voices, And the horses join the chorus; When Jones and Zook and Lasher, To the medley add their clatter, There may be sunshine , rain, or snow, But another day has dawned, Down on the Polytechnic Farm. ii 44 ia.,: T H E 1 7 POLY There is pride in our manner when we speak of the Poly Farm, for it stands as a model of good farming. This year has seen the completion of the dairy barn, the finishing touches on the silo, and the installation of much new equipment. Improved steel stanchions and individual drinking cups have been added for the thirty aristo- cratic Holsteins that make up the dairy herd. The herd sire is happy in a new pen. A litter carrier, more calf pens, and improved feeding devices have been installed. A new stone and concrete hog pen, 28x64 feet, affords ultra-modern living con- ditions for sixty Hampshire hogs, and farm machinery is now housed in a 118-foot machine shed, where a completely equipped shop facilitates repair work. Both of these buildings have made their appearance during the past year and we take especial pride in their appearance and workmanship, for every stone was laid and every nail driven by our own hands. As an industrial factor, the Agricultural Department plays an important part in the life and growth of the Polytechnic. At Prescott Commons grim melancholy reigns when things go wrong down on the farm, for it furnishes the dining room with milk, butter, eggs, vegetables, and even honey. Its diverse jobs have in the past furnished employment to hundreds of students, enabling them to work for an education. Now and in future years the Pure Seed Industry, which is our chief undertaking at the present time, will furnish profitable employment for an ever-increasing number of Poly boys and girls. We now have more than two hundred acres of seed bed in condition for production. We are glad that it has been our privilege to initiate the beginning of this industry, for there is an unlimited field for expansion, and year by- year it will grow upon the foundations we have laid. When, on the morning after Commencement, trains are crowded with our classmates returning home for the vacation, many of us will remain behind to carry on during the summer. To us will be entrusted, not only the traditions of the school, but the keeping of its physical body. Those who answer to the roll call of those present when next October starts another year, will find us on the job and a summer ' s work done. To those who do not return, we say good-luck, Godspeed, and good-bye. The Farm Gang ma 45 THE 1927 L Y MANUAL TRAINING DEPARTMENT A. W. Waddeix, Instructor Wood Shop The Manual Training and Drawing classes have had some very practical exper- ience this year in their respective fields under the direction of Mr. A. W. Waddell. The drawing class has designed numerous pieces of furniture to be used in the various departments of the school. They have also drafted plans for the remodeling of the Wood Shop. From these drawings blue prints were made and the cost of materials computed. Then the Manual Training boys worked from these drawings and have some very creditable work to show for their labors. Next year individual project work will be carried on more extensively with advance students. In addition, the blue-printing equipment will be complete in every detail to meet every practical need. This year the Wood S hop has turned out, in addition to its regular work, thirty- six complete bee-hives for the new industry started this year. Next year they are planning to do some contract work along this line. Not only will this give the students practical experience, but also, it will be very valuable when the course is completed and the student steps out into the world to make a practical application of the course he has covered. 46 re.. THE 1927 POLY AUTO-TRACTOR DEPARTMENT Carl Aldrich, Instructor Auto Shop The practical instruction which is received in this department is well illustrated in the picture above. The spirit which prevails in this department; the thoroughness of the work; in fact, the whole scheme of life we feel is embodied in the examination given at the end of the first six weeks work. The examination consisted of only one question, the answer to which we quote below. Each student was instructed to learn and be able to write the following motto do the very best I know how; the very best I can; and I mean to keep doing so until the end. If the end brings me out all right what is said against me ivont ' t amount to anything. If the end brings me out wrong, ten angels swearing I was right would make no difference. Abraham Lincoln sll 47 ' §Hi THE 1 O L Y SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Fremont Dixon, Instructor Chemistry Laboratory Engineering may be defined as the application of the principles of science. But the requisites for success are to a large extent, integrity, industry, perseverance, per- sonality, and those other qualities which go to make up that composite we call character. Recalling the definition of engineering and the kinds of work done by engineers ' it is clear that the fundamental intellectual requirement is a knowledge of science and the manner of its application to practical problems. In addition to. the necessary intellectual ability, there is the important question of interest in and desire to do the things pertaining to a particular vocation. Perhaps one of the most important require- ments of life is earnestness of purpose. The young man with a definite and worthy object in life is to be envied, for he has a real incentive to make the best of himself and of his opportunities. It is always the purpose of this department to enrich the aims and purposes of its students. 48 Hi , „„„„„„„„Zl THE 1927 POLY ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT Donald W. Howe, Instructor Class Room M Verily, I say unto myself, marry not an Engineer, For the Engineer is a strange being and possessed of many devils, Yea, he speaketh eternally in parables which he calleth Formulae, And he wieldeth a big stick which he calleth a slide rule, and he hath but one Bible — a handbook. He talketh always of stresses and of strains and without end on thermo-dynamics. He showeth always a serious aspect and seemeth not to know how to smile. And he picketh his seat in the car by the springs therein and not by the damsel beside him. Neither does he know a waterfall except for its power, nor a sunset except that he must turn on the light, nor a damsel except for her live-load. Always he carrieth his books with him, and he entertaineth his maiden with steam tables. Verily, though his damsel expecteth chocolates when he calleth, she openeth the package to disclose samples of iron ore. Yea, he holdeth his damsel ' s hand but to measure the friction, and kisses but to test the viscosity. For in his eyes shineth a far-away look which is neither love nor longing — but a vain attempt to recall a formula. There is but one key to his heart, and that is the Tau Beta Pi key, and one love letter for which he yearneth, and that an A. And when to his damsel he writeth of love and signeth with crosses, mistake these symbols not for kisses, but rather for unknown quantities. Even as a young boy he pulleth a girl ' s hair to test its elasticity, but as a man he discovers different devices. For he would count the vibrations of her heart strings and reckoneth her strength of materials. For he seeketh ever to pursue his scientific investigations; even his heart flutterings he counteth as a vision of beauty and inscribeth his passion in a formulae. And his marriage is a simultaneous equation involving two unknowns and yielding diverse answers. MORAL: Marry not an Engineer. 49 ft G|g ,„_ |gp THE 1927 POLY WITH THE ENGINEERS AT MYSTIC LAKE It was an enthusiastic group of students who, on the 20th of May, started out on the annual trip of the Engineering Department to see and secure first hand infor- mation of the Mystic Lake Plant of the Montana Power Co., from which Billings, the Polytechnic, and nearby towns obtain their electrical power. The plant, located in the heart of the Beartooth Mountains, is one of the largest owned by the Montana Power Co., and is recognized as one of the greatest power plant engineering accomplishments in the world. The building is of concrete, sur- rounded by beautiful lawns and evergreen trees, while the interior is spotless and fragrant with growing plants and flowers. Bells, dials, switches, and various auto- matic control devices operate as if guided by unseen intelligence, and a human hand is hardlv needed to direct its enormous energy and control its machinery. Two miles distant from the plant and 1120 feet above it, at an altitude of 7674 feet, is the lake. The water leaves on its journey to the power plant through a tunnel nine feet in diameter and 1100 feet long, which is cut through the solid granite, and enters a penstock 54 inches in diameter and 9600 feet in length, winding its way around the side of the mountain to a point 2700 feet from the power house and 1010 feet above it. Hundreds of tons of dynamite were used in the construction of the tunnel and a foundation footing for the penstock, which appears to an observer below to hang from a sheer cliff. At the end of the penstock a steel pipe is connected, starting with a diameter of 48 inches and decreasing to only 28 inches at the bottom of its thousand-foot drop. There the pressure is almost 500 pounds per square inch and in order to stand the tremendous strain the pipe is one and one-fourth inches thick. At the bottom the pipe divides into two sections which terminate in eight inch nozzles. From the nozzles the water is directed against a Pelton Wheel and drives an eight thousand horse power generator, developing a voltage of 6600. The current then goes thru a transformer and is raised to 55,000 volts for transmission. At the present time there is under construction at the east end of the lake a concrete dam that will raise the water level twenty-five feet. It is a difficult job. Materials must be transported 44 miles from Columbus by truck, then loaded on a cable car and hoisted up a grade that is 45 degrees in places, loaded on another car that is pushed along a track by a Fordson tractor with special wheels, and finally handled with drag lines and cranes. It is a wonderful demonstration of engineering skill and is visited by many tour- ists. As many as 1700 visitors have inspected the plant in one day. This trip is highly anticipated by the Electrical Engineering students. It is an experience never to be forgotten and a very valuable asset to the engineering courses given at the Polytechnic. l j 50 ,m,,,,«,«,«.,,«, ll ,«,,, l |M,,,,,im,mu, 1 1 THE 1927 POLY A T H, L E T I C S 51 „ii I. I US THE 1927 POLY Standing: Coach Collins, Swartz, Clemow, Kline, Peck, E. Levi, Frazier Kneeling: Sloate. Bartz, Komoll, Hanks, Richards, Carmack, Dybvik Sitting: Jones, Bille, Janney, Tooke, Kronmiller, Nicks, Chamberlin 1926 Football Squad Melvin Collins, Coach The 1926 football season began with a squad of nearly thirty-five men reporting regularly for practice. They were all green men and it was no easy undertaking to shape out a first class team, but under the training of Coach Collins a team was whipped into shape that made a very commendable showing for themselves. The first game of the season was one of the best. Faced by experienced, well- groomed players from the Montana State College, the Poly boys gritted their teeth and went into the game with a determination which was remarkable. They emerged at the end defeated in score but with that never say die spirit from which football men are made. The boys played several other games during the season but the most interesting game of the year was with the Big Horn title-holders of Lpvell, Wyoming. Early in the game our boys put over a touchdown and, from then on, it was a nip and tuck affair, first one way and then another, until finally the Lovell team slipped through for a touchdown in the last few seconds of the game to tie the score at seven points. This game was an excellent climax to everything but an unsuccessful season. This game was also noteworthy for the home support which arrived so unexpectedly and about which we are not permitted to say more. HI in 8HL T E 19 2 7 L Y ROLL CALL Football history would not be complete without a mention of the meritorious players. Melvin Hanks, more commonly known as Red, was one of the few players who was experienced. Red, at left end, always showed the opponents the correct way of intercepting passes. Bert Kronmiller as tackle was a steady and dependable man. He made a name for himself as a clean sport and a football man. Heavy Swartz was entrusted with the position of center. Seldom did he fail to go through the opponents ' line to mess up their plays. Lester Peck as quarter and half-back was the leader. He showed his ability in calling signals. Baird Janney as tackle and end made a good showing and from him we expect great things next year. Bob Komoll can well be remembered as the man who could scarcely be seen while in line although he always made a hole through which the backs could pass for a substantial gain. Bill Kline was another end. Opposing teams never tried long end runs around him more than once. Stanley Sloate, cleverest and speediest man on the team, held to the position of quarterback. Bill Chamberlin as guard was a hard-hitting man and showed his stuff as an offensive player. Mark Clemow, speedy half-back, showed some class at making flying tackles and always broke through the opponents line. Ed Nicks as left tackle spilled many a half-back who was racing for a touchdown. Faye Tooke, half-back ' made off-tackle smashes that were really smashes and with his speed and weight was able to carry the ball to seemingly inaccessible places. Alfred Bartz played every minute of every game. With head down, he bored through the opponents defense with the precision of an auger for small but safe gains. Lester Billie, as substitute, was a general utility man who played tackle and end. He was always on hand to give of his skill and brawn. Joe Richards was another general utility man who was ever ready to contribute in order that some tired player might rest. Credit should be given to those men who went through a regular routine of physical training, thus enabling the first team men to have a hard bunch to scrimmage against. They are : Carmack, Sargent ' Zook, Evans, McDaniels, Jones, Wheeler and Ervin Levi. With most of these men back next year and new men coming in, Coach Collins will have a sturdy, hard-fighting, and formidable aggregation. Coach Collins has planned for the coming year a training camp in the foothills of the Beartooth mountains. He will start training about the 15th of September so that the boys will be in readiness for battle by the time school starts — about two weeks later. UK Hi SH? T : n J_ _ _ _ US „l . I THE 1927 POL ill ™ ™ 54 MS HI San it 1 ,„„,„„„„„„„„;, , -dm THE 1927 POLY SB Ha Chatwood, Tooke, Heffern, Hanks, Janney, Coach Collin BASKETBALL 1926-27 The basketball season of 1926-27 started with an easy game from which the Poly emerged with thirty-three points against the Roberts quint ' s eight. From that time on, there were no more games until after the Christmas vacation. After this long rest-up the boys were full of pep and started intensive training. In the Y. M. C. A. basketball league the team played regular every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday night. Other important games were those with the University of Montana and Jamestown College (North Dakota). At center was Red Janney, a man to be depended upon. When it came to getting the tip-off he was never out-classed. Red Hanks as left forward ranked as scoring ace on the team. Red Heffern, as right forward, played a clean and fast game. Since this was his first year we expect great things from Red next year. Faye Tooke, with his avoirdupois, was always alert and ready to intercept the passes which were headed for the basket. Chat, as left guard, seemingly was everywhere, breaking up the fun of his opponents. But there is one other thing which the team can boast — they offered brilliance and artistry as well as basketball skill. Just note that three-fifths of the team were adorned with locks which are variously called auburn, triple-pink, and red. 55 Hi ,_ ap THE 1927 POLY M w 1 IWlM  . Sitting Jane Bn Viola Oh Fran Payton, •rlin, Lydia Clark, llclcn Broadus, Eula Frazier, Velma Reid Standing: Jessie Pease, Miss Fry, Dorothy Leavens, Dorothy Chileott, Ruth Frazier, Mae Greenup, Marie Paris, Mable Graff, Margaret Payton, Marie Singleton, May Kuhl, Pearl Payne, Margaret Holmes, Zella Whitten. Miriam Skipp, Athleen Cowan II HELD HOCKEY Elizaeeth H. Fry, Instructor Although there are a number of sports that come under the name of Girls Athletics we have chosen the picture of the girls in their hockey array to represent these activities. In playing hockey, it is real sport to get the ball in the wire and with skilful dribbles and passes advance into the territory of the enemy and, at last, score when the ball goes sliding by the powerful but unfortunate goalkeeper. Too often it was said, I wish we could come out every day and play, and had it not been for old Father Winter driving us into the gymnasium for other sports, we would have played hockey until summer time, forgetting that it is only a fall sport. A love for this fine activity has been imbedded in the minds of the girls, and next year more cars will be found parked by the roadside filled with enthusiastic spectators and rooters for the Whites— or will it be the Reds? Volley ball was played during the winter interspersed with early morning and evening hikes, and an occasional unorganized games day. If you don ' t think it is fun and calls for real skill to put the ball over the 8-foot net, why just come to the Polytechnic and try it. H 56 US m i US Ha, THE 1927 POLY ORGANIZATIONS ■Sfa- mi) r I r THE 192? Y „i J Seated: Holmes, Bartz, Paris, Levi, Chamberlin, Prazier, Kronmiller, Ohatwocd, Page, Peck Standing: Hansen, Kline POLYGRAPH STAFF 1026-27 Editor-in-Chief Assistant Editor Business Manager Advertising Manager Asst. Adv. Manager Circulation Manager Editorials Jokes Editor Literary Exchanges Sports Editor Classes and Chapel Typist General Sponsor Financial Advisor Alfred Bartz George Levi - Bert Kronmiller Ted Hansen Wm. Kline Wm. Chamberlain Lester Peck Loretta Page Marie Paris James Craw Cloyd Chat wood Margaret Holmes Eula Frazier G. A. Holmes J. C. McClanahan m ™ 58 tfii SB., THE 1927 O L ¥ HI ANNUAL STAFF Editor-in-Chief Associate Editor Associate Editor Advertising Manager Assistant Advertising Manager Assistant Advertising Manager Assistant Advertising Manager Business Manager Sports Editor Jokes Editor Activities ... Circulation Manager Financial Advisor General Sponsor George Levi Alfred Bartz Lawrence Levi Ted Hansen Ervin Levi Earl Beall A. W. Waddell Bert Kronmiller Clovd Chatwood Lor etta Page Harris Swartz Wm. Chamberlin J. C. McClanahan G. A. Holmes M ii SS 59 M Egg SH l J _ THE 1927 POLY STUDENT GOVERNMENT 1926-27 Seated: Swi Hansen, ( ' hamberlin, E. Levi, Komoll, Kronmtller, C. Levi, L. Levi, Hanks, Klunder, Peck, Swartz Standing: Bartz, G. Levi Skeen, Carmack, STUDENT GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS FOR 1926-27 First Semester Second Se nester Bert Krokmiller Governor George Levi Lawrence Levi Lieutenant Governor Lester Peck VVm. Chamberlain .Secretary of State... Wm. Chamberlin George Levi Prosecuting Attorney Melvin Hanks Asst. Pros. Attorney Faye Tooke Theodore Hansen State Marshal Robert Komoll Lester Billie Deputy Marshal Vernon Zook Ed. Nicks Deputy Marshal Charles Levi Alfred Bartz Chief Justice Alfred Bartz John Sweeney Associate Justice John Sweeney Lester Peck Associate Justice Theodore Hansen LEGISLATORS First Semester Robert Komoll Harris Swartz Bud Sennett Ervin Levi Warren Wheeler Cloyd Chatwood Gifford Jones James Carmack Melvin Hanks Second Semester Walter Peck Harris Swartz Herman Miller Ervin Levi Kennen Skeen Lawrence Levi Bert Kronmiller James Carmack Everett Klunder HI ' 60 §13 MI,„ZIIIZIZnZ = - , SB ,., „ ,„ , n THE 1927 POLY Seated: Zella Whitten, Miriam Skipp, Miss Fry, Sadie Porter, Lydia Clark, Loretta Page Standing: Mildred Coons, May Kuhl, Marian Chick, Margaret Holmes, Mabel McDonald, Ruby Henry, Marie Paris, Eula Prazier THE ALPHA LITERARY SOCIETY An Alpha Literary Society was organized in the early days of the Polytechnic and so named by the mother of the Mr. Eatons. In the fall of ' 25 it was called Optic but the Society was reorganized in ' 26 and is once more known as the Alpha. We sincerely trust that this organization will be a permanent one. We know this Society will continue to grow, and that in the future it will have as much spirit, if not more, than we have had this year. First Semester Second Semester Margaret Holmes President Margaret Holmes Mildred Aldrich Vice President Sadie Porter Marie Paris Secy. -Treasurer Lydia Clark Miss Fry, Sponsor 61 ■US- ERS r : lV ' 1„ Hi THE 1927 POLY EAGLE LITERARY SOCIETY Mr. E. T Eaton Honorary Members: Mr. L. H. Ward Mr. J. C. McClanahan A. O. Kline Officers: First Semester William Kline President Ervin Levi Vice-Pres.. Gifford Jones ----- Secretary James Craw -Treasurer. Faye Tooke Sergeant-at-Arms Mr. G. A. Holmes, Sponsor Second Semester Ervin Levi James Craw Charles Levi Gifford Jones Faye Tooke Clarence Holt Alfred Bartz Lawrence Levi Ted Hansen Marcus Whitten Ervin Levi Gifford Jones Sherman Swope Ralph Matteson James Craw Charles Levi Roster: William Ricketts Dean Whipple Howard Peterson Wm. Kline Walter Peck Trygvy Dybvik Gus Anderson Leslie Dell Morris Sargent Clayton Zook Clinton Philips Bud Sennett Otto Stensvad Rondal Martin Clifford Matteson Ira VanDreal Leslie Mierding Parker Anderson James Anderson Gordon Hayman Victor Rue Sylvester Barret The Eagle Literary Society is an organization of young men united in purpose to promote all phases of literary activity. It is an organization governed by its own constitution and by-laws and the officers are elected from the membership at the beginning of each semester. As to the future we are not making any wild promises. All we say is, Just bring us another year and we will show you what we are going to do with it. 62 A :|1 tfl z, i ,; i Zh,z, i ,m™mm m,ZhmZh HI E 1 7 POLY PIONEER LITERARY SOCIETY Officers for 1926-27 First Semester Office Second Semester Cecil Frazier President . J. D. Carmack PvObert Komoll __ Vice-President John Sweeney Wm. Chamberlin Secretary Howard Orvis Edward Nicks Treasurer Wm,. Chamberlin Cloyd Chatwood Sergeant-at-Arms Lawrence Mullins Mr. Carl Aldrich Sponsor Mr. Carl Aldrich L. T. Eaton Honorary Members: G. L. Barnes Roster Cecil Frazier Ray Heffern John Huntley Harry Huntley Clay Hoffman Melvin Hanks Herman Kuhl Robert Komoll Everett Klunder Bert Kronmiller Henry Lasher President Coolidge George Levi Herman Miller Francis Mullins Lawrence Mullins Edward Nicks Howard Orvis Harris Swartz John Sweeney Milton Whetstone Vernon Zook Hi em Mr. Carl Aldrich Holly Anderson Mr. Guy Barnes J. D. Carmack Wm. Chamberlin Cloyd Chatwood Delmer Clark Armstrong Corwin Wm. Duncan Mr. L. T. Eaton Kenneth Erickson Each qualified member of the Literary Society has a separate sheet in the Secre- tary ' s Record Book where each literary contribution of said member is recorded. Members may be given a place on the program of each regular Friday evening meet- ing by handing their selection to the chairman of the program committee sometime during the week. At the end of the school year all the individual records are looked over by Educational Director L. T. Eaton, and a medal of award for the best at- tainment record is given, with high literary honors to the member who has the best record. 63 r ; THE 1927 O L Y POLYTECHNIC CHURCH Rev. Raymond B. Walker, Pastor Polytechnic Church! To many of us this name signifies our first church. Our first puhlic acknowledgement of our Saviour Christ, our first open avowal of Christian experience and purpose; our first pledge of loyalty to the great Christian Fellowship; our first participation with friendly souls in the gladsome service of God and Fellowman. These things were ours through the Polytechnic Church. We love our Church, and treasure its fine history of Christian helpfulness. We honor the f ounders of our school for giving us this church. Seeing straight, dreaming true, huilding sound and sure, they have established and maintained the type of Church we need, the type of Church, we think, that Christ himself would want. Hundreds here have found their God. Hund- reds here have joined themselves to Christ. And here have hundreds learned to play their part as workers in the cause that serves and saves our world. This much alone, we think, does more than justify the noble investments of money and of lives that are represented in our great little school. We are beginning now to realize the larger vision of those who have dreamed and worked and sacrificed for Polytechnic Church. This year we have begun to share with neighbors round about the measureless good things that have been made available to us. We have established the Polytechnic Church Extension Service, and, through the splendid cooperation of faculty and students, we have been able to take the Gospel message into many rural homes. The response to this endeavor has been such that we are overwhelmed with the bigness of our opportunity. The day has come at last when our Church serves not only those who belong to the Polytechnic group, but also reaches out for miles around, helping in a ' practical way to gird with Christian friendliness, the life of our entire community. Two Sunday Schools are now permanently established in outlying sections, young people ' s groups are being formed, and the way is open for as much regular work as we can maintain, and more. For all of this, for all that Polytechnic Church means and can mean to the larger work of Christ for the world, we are thankful. We are thankful, too, for the high-mindedness and warm Christian spirit of our minister, M r. Walker. Under his leadership we know we can look forward to bigger and ever better things for Polvtechnic Church. Rev. Raymond B. Walker Wa 6t THE 1927 PO Willis E Lougee THE LOUGEE LEAGUE The Lougee League is an organization of young people founded in the fall of 1921 and named after two of the schools greatest friends and staunchest supporters, Mr. and Mrs. Willis Lougee. For many years prior to that time they had heen contributing both materially and spiritually to the upbuilding of Polytechnic. They visited here from year to year and saw Polytechnic grow from infancy and, in that way, made a place for themselves in the hearts of the young people. In the spring of 1921 the unexpected happened and Mrs. Lougee was taken away. The loss to Mr. Lougee cannot be expressed in words. The loss to the students is best expressed by the living evidence we have today in the form of the Lougee League whose purpose is to perpetuate the ideals and Christian principles which were theirs. The Lougee League is dedicated to the service of the young people in memory of her who is dead and in honor of him who lives. The League this year, as before, was quick to gain momentum. Meetings started with the beginning of the school year and have been held regularly ever since. Much of its success is due to the good judgment used by the League members when they selected as their President, Mr. Robert Komoll. No less wise were they when they selected Miss Ruth Frazier as Vice-President and Miss Margaret Holmes as Secre- tary-Treasurer. During the year all of the members have, at one time or another, taken an active part in the programs. In many cases they have found themselves for the first time when they tried to express their thoughts to others. They learned to think, act, speak; in other words, the greatest good accomplished was that members ordinarily passive became active. At the District Conference which was held at the Christian Church in Billings, Mr. Komoll was chairman. The League also made other contributions to the success of the Conference. They were always on hand to take an active part in the programs and furnished several musical numbers. Nearly all of the members of the gospel teams received their first training in the Lougee League and thereby carried out their motto of Enter here to learn; go forth to serve. The Lougee League conducted the last Polytechnic Church service of the school year. That service spoke for itself. Our prophecy for the League of next year, based upon history of the past, says its membership shall grow, its influence become more far-reaching, and from it more leaders shall come. ii 65 = i T E 19 2 7 OLY There comes a time in the history of every worthy school when the Alumni start doing things for their Alma Mater. This time always marks the beginning of a new epoch of stability and growth for the school. This year, 1927, the Polytechnic Alumni have come to life. The nucleus of a permanent Alumni Association was organized in March, and the evening of June first in Commencement week, will see the launching of a full-fledged Alumni movement. Already the Alumni are at work on a large undertaking for the school. They have organized the Billings Polytechnic Institute Endowment Association, and have launched upon a campaign to raise $100,000 endowment by July first, 1927. Through the cooperation of a large insurance company, loyal old students and other friends of the Polytechnic are being given opportunity to invest their savings in endowment policies of $1000 upward, payable to the school. From its inception, this endowment campaign has met with heartiest approval everywhere. To date, no efforts have been made outside the old student body, and no personal work has been done off the Polytechnic campus, and yet $10,000 in endow- ment have been secured from twelve individuals. Before July first the campaign will be carried to every old student who can be located. This endowment work is one that will live and grow from year to year as new students become old students and the circle of Poly friends gains recruits. There is no prophesying to what proportions the movement may Eventually develop. The Poly Alumni are on the job, active in the promotion of just that type of cooper- ation which has meant security and new life to good schools everywhere. Officers of the Endowment Association are : C. C. Holt, President ; Robert Shipley, Vice-President; Lilburn Wallace, Treasurer; Guy Barnes, Executive Secre- tary; Norma Van Duzer, Recording Secretary; Earl Beall, Field Secretary. i;i; ' Ar THE 1927 POLY Midland Empire r iome of Polytechnic , ' yjp: THE 1927 O L Y ■ _ . ,qss . y% .-•■ -, % : ..-- -■■ — ' ..-. ■ ' ■ ■ ' ' ; .. m. ' — • • ;. .-M l« r- •mtfUWBty ■--■ J ;. - 2 r Z6 $ft Airplane View — Billings THE MIDLAND EMPIRE— HOME OF POLYTECHNIC While the region in Montana and Wyoming which is known as the Midland Empire contains more than 60,000 square miles with a population of 250,000, we are going to limit ourselves on this occasion to that portion of this great area which is located in Montana. Of the 40,000,000 acres of Montana lands included in the Midland Empire there are more than 12,500,000 acres of excellent farm land with the balance producing the best grass that grows out of doors. 650,000 acres of irrigated land is under constant cultivation in this district, and there is a total of 20,000 farms and ranches with a production for last year from farm produce and livestock exceeding $80,000,000. These facts tell their own story. The 200,000 people that inhabit this territory are a forward-looking, progressive type of people who are interested not only in the production of income but in education and other cultural plans. Billings is the metropolis of the Midland Empire, with a population of 17,500 people, and is the outstanding railroad center of Montana, with the main line of the Northern Pacific, Burlington, and Great Northern as well as several branch lines. It is the county seat of Yellowstone county, which has a population of 30,000 and a farm crop and livestock production of $8,500,000 for 1926. The leading agricultural product in the Billings district is the sugar beet, and the Great Western Sugar Company ' s output last year was worth more than $4,250,000. Billings also handled more than $1,000,000 worth of beans. In addition to the incoming freight business, which is tremendous, last year Billings shipped 5,032 cars of livestock, flour, sugar, grains, hay, wool, butter, and eggs; and the value of these shipments was $10,250,000. The city has 70 manufacturing and wholesale establishments and is the home of more than 400 traveling salesmen who represent local and national concerns. The city has 68 KeSai. T HI E 1 7 POLY an abundant supply of natural gas with 3,600 local consumers; its electricity supply is absolutely dependable with as low a rate as is found anywhere ; it has 25 miles of pavement on its more than 50 miles of streets; its water supply, brought through its modern infiltration plant, gives the city the best water to be found in the country ; the library at Billings has more than 30,000 volumes with a reference section composed of 5,000 volumes. Billings has 10 local school buildings with a modern high school; 25 hotels with 1500 rooms for transients; four of the finest department stores west of Minneapolis; twenty-one churches ; three municipal parks with wading pools, tennis courts, etc. ; a splendid municipal tourist park with every modern facility ; a free municipal swim- ming pool; a Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A., both splendidly equipped; two modern hospitals with accomodations for 400 patients; the only orthopedic hospital in the Northwest; Rotary, Kiwanis, and Lions Clubs ' together with all the leading fraternal organizations of the country; a strong chapter of Daughters of the American Revolu- tion; an active Women ' s Club; and a Federation of Women ' s Clubs with 19 clubs affiliated. Billings also has a Commercial Club with its own building valued at $150,000, and throughout the season reliable road information is available at this civic headquarters. Billings, where all roads meet, is the gateway to the American Wonderland. This region comprises tens of thousands of square miles and contains scenery which for grandeur, charm and variety is declared by world travelers to be unsurpassed elsewhere in America and equal that of the Alps of Europe. Within its borders are 25 mountains over 12,000 feet high, among them Granite peak, altitude 12,990 feet, the highest mountain in Montana, and Silver Run Mountain, altitude 12,610 feet, the next highest. Also there are more than 50 mountains over 10,000 feet high; hundreds of lakes ' many of them of considerable size ; countless rivers and streams, with here and there falls and cascades of unusual beauty, some of them hundreds of feet in height, and numerous points from which may be viewed a stupendous panorama of peaks and plains. Here also are no less than 25 great glaciers, including Grass- hopper Glacier, a wall of ice covering three square miles, hundreds of feet thick and containing millions of frozen grasshoppers; also Iceberg Glacier, Phantom Glacier, and others each of which in its name reflects an individuality all its own. Here too is to be found the Pink Snow which, like the imprisoned hoppers, presents a puzzle for the scientist to solve. Well called the Switzerland of America, this region offers an infinite variety of scenic attractions. Most of it is still primitive wilderness, peopled only by the birds and beasts and fish whose abundance made it — in days now gone — the favorite hunting ground of the Indian tribes of the Northwest. Yet so great and so rapidly increasing is the demand for facilities to enjoy this Wonderland that already, scattered through all parts of it, there has been built up a score or more of charming and modern vacation resorts, varied in character and including so-called dude ranches, mountain camps, lodges, medicinal springs and summer hotels. Yes, this is the Midland Empire, land of scenic wonders, land of opportunity, land of promise, land of the great out-of-doors, and the home of Polytechnic, which beckons to vou. 69 [HP _ _ _ _ ■ l ■ THE 1927 POLY Do Yon Know ? 1. Do you know that the chief difference between you and a mere animal lies in the superior possibilities of your brain? 2. Do you know that your brain, like any other organ, can be developed only through proper exercise? 3. Do you know the value of real education ? 4. Do you know that b5 ' of Who ' s Who in America are college graduates? 5. Do you know the truth of the saying, The practical man knows how; the scientific man knows why; but the educated man knows both how and why, and authority flows from the man who knows? 6. Do you know that obstacles and difficulties run away when you tear into them in dead earnest ? 7. Do you know that you can do what you want to do, and be what you want to be, if you will make friends with Opportunity ? 8. Do you know that this book brings you face to face with Opportunity? 9. Do you know that B. P. I, spells Opportunity for you? vm THE 1927 POLY ANNOUNCEMENTS Billings Polytechnic Institute foi 1927-28 if - 71 I - ' I THE 1927 L Y TABLE OF CONTENTS Historical Sketch 73 Buildings and Equipment 74 Kirkpatrick Memorial Library 75 School With the Open Door 76 Administration 77 Activities 78 Student Air 79 Scholarships 80 Expenses 80 Junior College — Entrance Requirements 82 Classification 82 Graduation Honors 83 Standards and Credits 83 Numbering of Courses 83 English 84 Foreign Language 85 Mathematics 85 Religious Education 85 Social Sciences 85 Physical and Chemical Sciences ..■ 86 School of Electrical Engineering 88 School of Commerce 89 Auto Tractor Engineering 90 Preparatory Department 91 Manual Arts 91 Agriculture 92 Losekamp Conservatory of Music 93 Calendar, 1927-28 96 W ™ 72 THE 1927 POLY • : i The Polytechnic Drive Billings Polytechnic Institute HISTORICAL SKETCH Billings Polytechnic Institute was founded in 1908. The purpose of its founders was to establish a practical institution of learning where young people could secure a training that would fit them to become not only useful cititzens, but leaders in the industrial, commercial, political, social and religious life of a great, rapidly developing empire. Some of the reasons for organizing such a school are the following: No region in the United States offers so few opportunities to its young people for securing a higher education as does that section embraced in the eastern two-thirds of Montana, the northern two-thirds of Wyoming and the western half of the Dakotas. Within this region the Billings Polytechnic Institute is the only institution of higher learning. This vast region is larger than all New England, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Ohio and has a population of nearly one million people. What was a few years ago a desert covered with sage brush and cactus, is be- coming, by means of irrigation, as productive as the Valley of the Nile; towns are being built and the foundations of mighty cities are being laid; its water power, coal mines, oil fields, and other natural resources are making it a mighty industrial empire. The most important resource of this or any other region is its young people. The complete development of this resource is of utmost importance. It is imperative that strong educational institutions be established to meet the peculiar needs of an in- dustrial people in a new and rapidly-developing country. The educational revolution of the past few years has swept aside much of the traditional in our courses of study and brought to the forefront the importance of industrial and technical education. It is now realized that hand training is mind training, and that the young man or woman who is not trained to do something and to do that something well, has not been half educated. The following is quoted from Marshall, the great English educator and economist: To be able to bear in mind many things at a time, to have everything ready when wanted, to act promptly and show resource when anything goes wrong, to accommodate one ' s self quickly to changes in details of the work done, to be steady and trustworthy; to have always a reserve of force which will come out in emergency; these are the qualities which make a great industrial people. 73 T THE 1927 POLY Science Hall Technical education for the higher ranks of industry should keep the aim of de- veloping the faculties as constantly before it as general education does. It should rest upon the same basis as a thorough general education, but should go on to work out in detail special branches of knowledge for the benefit of the particular trades. The Polytechnic was organized on these modern theories of education. It aims to fit its students for the practical duties and avocations of life in this region and at the same time give them that true culture of heart and mind which comes only through a thorough, general education. The eighteen years ' history of this institution has demonstrated that it was organized along right lines, at the right time, and in the right place. In spite of a great world war and its after effects; in spite of drouth and hard times which are always doubly hard on new settlers in an undeveloped country, the Institute has gone steadily on without any state aid. It has, through the liberal support of many eastern friends, developed a property valued at $550,000.00 and it has an income from a living endowment which amounts to $60,000 per year. It has given 2500 young people the opportunit y of securing a useful education and sent them out to serve in the great outside world. LOCATION, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT The Polytechnic was organized upon these modern theories of education. It aims vast region known as the Midland Empire and is linked with every part of it by railroads and excellent auto trails. Its farm contains 265 acres of irrigated land, just outside of Billings, and is con- nected with the city by a concrete paved roadway. The farrri is divided into orchards, gardens, dairy farm, and campus. Hundreds of shade trees of every variety that grow in the Northwest add to the attractiveness of the grounds. The north side of the farm is walled in by a rim of rocks 250 feet high, which protects the school from cold winds and also offers an inexhaustible supply of the very best building material. The rim- rocks also provide a unique park for rambles and picnics. In addition to the home farm the school has a wonderful mountain ranch of 320 acres on the Upper Stillwater, the gift of Mr. and Mrs. J. E Graves, of Bee Hive. This ranch forms a permanent summer camp and at the same time affords a fine opportunity for stock raising. Located as it is in the wildest part of America, with wonderful can- yons, snow capped mountains and glaciers nearby, and within hiking distance of Yel- lowstone National Park, this ranch will always be an asset to the institution. MODERN BUILDINGS The buildings and grounds have all been planned by expert architects and land- scape gardeners, under the guidance of Ernest T. Eaton, who has looked ahead to a working school of 1,000 students. The following buildings have been erected: 74 THE 1927 POLY w ■ ' i Kenney Hall SCIENCE HALL is planned to be the home of the physical, chemical and bio- logical departments. At present it is used as the administration building and contains a number of laboratories and classrooms for the engineering and science classes. LOSEKAMP MEMORIAL BUILDING. By the bequest of the late John D. Lose- kamp, funds were made available for this beautiful stone building. The Losekamp build- ing contains an auditorium which can seat 500 in sight and hearing of the stage. In this are held all chapel and church services as well as entertainments and lectures. The first story of the building is given over to the School of Commerce. The second has, in addition to the auditorium, the Library and a Music Recital Hall. The third story contains 16 studios for the music and dramatic departments. KIMBALL HALL. This stone building is a home for 50 girls. The first floor contains domestic science rooms. The second floor has a living room, apartment for dean of women, and rooms for 20 girls. The two upper floors afford accommodations for 30 girls. It would be hard to find in all the West a school that provides a more pleasant home for its young lady students. KENNEY HALL. The Y. M. C. A. building, known as Kenney Hall, is the center of social and religious activities of the young men. The lower floor contains a great lounging room, with open fireplace, two bowling alleys, and a billiard hall. The first floor contains game room, two literary society rooms, dean ' s apartments, and rooms for 15 boys. The upper two floors furnish accommodations for 60 boys. THE COTTAGES are frame buildings which furnish apartments for the dean and other faculty members and rooms for 75 boys. PRESCOTT COMMONS. The dining hall, known as Prescott Commons, con- structed of the grey stone of the bluffs, is one of the most artistic structures on the campus. The main dining hall is 85x35 feet in size, with great beam ceilings and big stone fireplaces. This room seats 250 students. It would be hard to find a more at- tractive dining hall anywhere. THE GYMNASIUM. This stone building is 50x100 feet in size and is the center of athletic and social events. INDUSTRIAL SHOPS. The industrial building is a three-story structure. The first floor is given over to the auto-tractor school and heating plant. The second and third floors are used for the Wood Shop and Electrical Engineering Departments. FARM BUILDINGS. A model dairy barn built of stone and concrete affords shelter for a herd of 30 cows. The dairy is not only a demonstration of what can be done on a Montana farm, but it furnishes milk to the dining hall and gives quite a number of young men the opportunity to earn their way through school. 75 THE 1927 L Y Kimball Hall THE KIRKPATRICK MEMORIAL LIBRARY This library consists of 6,000 bound volumes besides thousands of unbound maga- zines and pamphlets. This valuable collection of books has been brought about by Dr. Kirkpatrick of Chicago and many friends of the school, as a memorial to Miss Jessie Kirkpatrick, one of the early teachers in the institution, who died in service here. The library is open to students at all reasonable times. It is constantly growing, as hun- dreds of new books are added each year. In addition to this school library, the Parmly Billings Library in Billings has a collection of over 36,000 volumes which may be used by the students of the Polytechnic without charge. THE SCHOOL WITH THE OPEN DOOR Special Feature GIVES EVERY BOY AND GIRL A CHANCE. Those who established the Poly- technic, and have planned its courses and system of education, firmly believe that every boy and girl has a right to at least a chance to receive a useful training for life ' s duties. It is a well known fact that a large majority of our young people are growing into manhood without this chance to develop their God-given powers and possibilities. A very small percentage of our youth ever enter a high school and a much smaller number enter college or university. Many of the state institutions and county high schools are run at a great expense for the benefit of the few who happen to fit the standardized courses. The demand of the times is for schools that will reach the real needs of the great mass of our youth growing up untrained and will prepare them for places of usefulness in this coming Northwest Empire. New and changing conditions demand far different training from that which the past and present generations have had. THE BOY WHO HAS DROPPED OUT OF SCHOOL. The boy who has dropped out of school in his early teens usually does so because the studies he is compelled to take do not appeal to him or because he has failed to pass some examination. His teachers, too often, have had little training for their work and take but little interest in the school or their pupils. Is it any wonder that the boy quits school? After five or six years he gets a vision of the great world and then realizes that his chances for success are small without an education; but it is too late! The doors of the public schools are closed to him unless he goes back and takes up the work where he left off. To do this would be worse than wasted time. During the years he has been out he has gained much knowledge and is prepared to make very rapid progress in the subjects that are really essential to his success. The Polytechnic stands with open doors to this 76 T H E 1 7 P © L Engineering Building class of young people. Here there are no entrance examinations and the only require- ments are a GOOD CHARACTER and an honest desire to learn. Without these quali- fications any training will result in failure. COURSES ADAPTED TO THE NEEIDS OF THE INDIVIDUAL. Courses are adapted to the needs, ability, and inclination of the individual. Often technical sub- jects may be taken along with foundational studies that have been neglected. The average young man who has not gone further than the sixth grade in the public schools can, after a four-year course at the Polytechnic, take a higher standing in a college or technical school than the average high school graduate. Boys who came to the Poly- technic after completing the seventh grade have, after five years ' study, been classi- fied as seniors in standard eastern colleges. ADMINISTRATION REGULATIONS. It is not necessary for the school to lay down many rules and regulations as the student State makes and enforces the laws that seem to be necessary for a well-governed community. In order that the school live up to its constitution, the following three are mentioned and the laws made by the student State must be in harmony with these regulations: 1. No student is to leave the campus without a permit signed by a person in charge, except at certain designated times. 2. The use of tobacco or spirituous liquors is not allowed in the school buildings or on the campus. 3. All students must attend Chapel and Vespers regularly. The Polytechnic is a Christian institution and it expects each student to incorporate into his or her character the practice of common Christian virtues. At the close of each quarter the faculty will grade the student in citizenship, which will be of great importance in the recommendation of a student by the school. DORMITORIES. The Billings Polytechnic Institute is a home school, and unless the student is a resident of Billings and under the care of his parents or guardian, he must live on the campus, under the oversight of deans and faculty. The student re- ceives as much real culture and development by association with his fellows in the dormitories, gymnasium, dining hall, and by participation in the home life of the school as he does in the class room. If the school is to assume the responsibility of a student, it must have him under its control during the period of his enrollment. GRADES. Grades are given and recorded as follows: A, Very Superior; B, Su- perior; C, Average; D, Inferior; I, Incomplete; X, Condition. No credit is given for in- ferior work. dffe 77 yg§ TUB THE 7 POLY LOSEKAMP CONSERVATORY The mark I is given only when some portion of the student ' s work is unfinished. The mark may be removed and credit secured upon the completion of the work of the course so marked. The mark X may be removed and credit secured by special examination upon the work of the course so marked, or by any other means determined by the instructor in the course. EXAMINATIONS. Regular examinations are held at the close of each quarter; they are conducted chiefly in writing. At the close of the year, the final examination in a year course may cover the entire subjects of the study for the year. In addition to these regular examinations, tests and written recitations are held frequently during the year, with or without previous notice to the students as the instructor prefers. ACTIVITIES STUDENT GOVERNMENT. The student State of Polytechnic is a real laboratory of government. The young men students are organized to make and administer the laws by which they are governed, thus learning first hand principles of citizenship. This is invaluable to the school and works in a fine, co-operative way with the faculty and administration. THE POLYGRAPH. The students publish a semi-monthly paper called The Polygraph, which affords an outlet for student opinion and literary interest. Work on the Polygraph furnishes the best possible training for students who are interested in dis- covering their journalistic powers. LITERARY SOCIETIES. The young men have two literary societies, the Eagles and the Pioneers. The young ladies have one, the Alphas. These organizations give many private and public programs and add much to the social and literary culture of their members. Every student is expected to take part in the activities of one of these societies. Credit is given for active work and a demerit is given when the student refuses to take any reasonable part assigned. Y. M. C. A. The Polytechnic recognizes the great value of student Y. M. C. A. organizations, and gives every encouragement to the activities of this group. Members enjoy all the privileges of the Billings Association and participate each year in the ath- letic tournaments conducted by our friends in the city. The first floor of Kenney Hall (the boys ' dormitory) with its reading tables, billiards, bowling alleys, kitchen, and huge fireplace, is dedicated as a Y. M. C. A. Club room. There is every oppor- tunity for wholesome social activities and group meetings. POLYTECHNIC CHURCH. Since the organization of the school a non-sectarian church has been maintained. The church has charge of the Vesper service Sunday afternoons. This organization has exerted a far-reaching influence on student life, and many young people have gone out from the school to become real leaders in church HI L.A THE 1927 POL Prescott Commons work in their home communities because of the interest and training given at the Polytechnic. POLYTECHNIC CHURCH EXTENSION SERVICE. This is simply an extension to advance the cause of Christian friendliness in the communities near Billings. Stu- dents in the Department of Religious Education and members of the faculty have or- ganized the Polytechnic Gospel Teams. These teams have conducted an average of eight meetings each month during the past school year. We have also organized two permanent Junior Church Services, which are meeting with marked success. About one hundred boys and girls who would not otherwise attend any re- ligious service are attending these meetings regularly. LOUGEE LEAGUE. One of the largest and most active student organizations is the Lougee League, named for Mr. and Mrs. Willis E. Lougee, and aiming to carry out in a practical way the great, underlying principles exemplified as Helpfulness, Friendli- ness, and Prayerfulness. The influence of this organization is felt throughout the school. MUSICAL ORGANIZATIONS. The Men ' s Glee Club, Male Quartet, Girls ' Quartet, Vesper Choir, and Orchestra, are organized at the beginning of the year and systematic rehearsals are held. These organizations give many public concerts, both at the school and in nearby towns. FORENSICS. Great interest is displayed in Debating and Oratory. Each year the school is represented in the Intercollegiate Oratorical Contest and in Intercollegiate Debate. The Debating and Oratorical teams have reflected great credit on the school during the past several years. ATHLETICS. The Polytechnic places special emphasis on wholesome athletics and physical training. All young men take physical examination when they enter school and must follow the directions of the physical director regarding the character and amount of exercise taken. All young ladies are required to take regular class work in physical culture. DRAMATICS. Several public performances are given each year by the dramatics class and other students of the school. The plays are presented under the direction of the Department of Public Speaking. ALUMNI ASSOCIATION. During the spring of 1927, the organization of the Polytechnic Alumni Association took place. Commencement week will see the launching of a full-ledged Alumni movemnet. STUDENT AID STUDENT EMPLOYMENT. The number of working students that can be cared for by the school is of necessity limited to fifty. Students in this department must pay the regular fees and deposits and $150.00 on entrance . They may be able jfUr ■ 79 ft THE OLI Gyymnasium to earn $175.00 during the school year. They must pay prices quoted for the rooms they occupy. No student who can possibly afford to pay his way should ask for admission to this department, for there are many more applications than positions. If students in this department do not live up to all the regulations of the school and perform faithfully the duties assigned them, they will be requested to resign their positions to those more worthy. FELLOWSHIPS. Teaching and Laboratory assistant fellowships valued at $375.00 each are offered to advanced students who have majored in the department offer- ing the fellowship. Appointments are made by the administration upon recommenda- tion of the head of the department involved. Candidates are selected (1) for scholarship, and (2) for value in upholding the policies and ideals of the school. A fellowship is offered in each of the following departments: Natural and Chemical Sciences. Social Science and Psychology. Engineering. Fellowships will be awarded each year, and other qualifications being equal, senior students having had one year ' s work at Polytechnic will be given preference. SCHOLARSHIPS ELLA LOUGEE MEMORIAL FUND. Twenty-eight Thousand Dollars has been given to the Institute as a memorial to Mrs. Ella Lougee, who was a great help and inspiration to the school. The income from this fund is given each year in the form of scholarships to worthy young people. The selection is made by President W. E. Lougee, from among the students who are recommended by the directors. REBECCA JOSLYN FUND. Miss Joslyn has given $4,000 to the school, the income of which is to be loaned to worthy young men and women who do not use tobacco in any form. The student receiving a loan is to pay it back after leaving school, plus a small rate of interest. Thus this fund will increase fr ' om year to year. OTHER FUNDS. — There are several other smaller funds established for the benefit of worthy students. The school awards each year a number of scholarships for high endeavor. Fellowships and Scholarships are awarded only to students who are to be in school a full year. In return a student is expected to uphold the policies of the school and be a leader in school activities. In event of failure to live up to above require- ments, scholarship or fellowship may be revoked. EXPENSES The expenses have been reduced to the minmum. school is to help young people to an education. The great purpose of the SO SH3 Ti THE 1 L Y .Li BOARD. Good table board may be had at the school dining hall for $22.50 per 28 day month. This must be paid either by the quarter or month in advance. For periods of less than a month, or when arrangements have not been made in advance, the rate shall be forty cents per meal, or one dollar per day. ROOMS. Kimball Hall provides excellent home conditions for the girls, while Kenney Hall and modern cottages house the boys in first class condition. Students may have private rooms if they desire so long as facilities permit. However, the admin- istration reserves the right to place two students in any double room. All rooms are equipped with the necessary furniture, including bed with mattresses and pillow. Each student will furnish his or her own electric lamp. Rates are as follows: Corner rooms in both Kimball and Kenney Halls: Two in room, each $30.00 per quarter; $90.00 for school year. One in room, $40.00 per quarter; $120.00 for school year. All other rooms in both Kimball and Kenney Halls: Two in room, each $24.00 per quarter; $72.00 for school year. One in room, $35.00 per quarter; $105.00 for school year. Rooms in cottages: Two in room, each $15.00 per quarter; $45.00 for school year. One in room, $24.00 per quarter; $72.00 for school year. TUITION — General tuition rates apply for all students regularly enrolled in the Institute, and are: One month of 4 weeks, $15.00. One quarter of 12 weeks, $40.00 One year of 36 weeks, $110.00. FEES AND DEPOSITS. The following fees and deposits are required of all stu- dents enrolled: Room and Dormitory fee, $10.00 (returned less breakage). Chemistry, laboratory, $5.00 each quarter. Domestic Science, laboratory, $3.00 each quarter. Engineering, laboratory, $3.00 each quarter. Auto Tractor, laboratory, $10.00 first two quarters. Typewriting, laboratory, $1.50 each quarter. ♦Community fee, $5.00 first two quarters. ♦This is divided as follows: For athletics, including tickets to all games, $2.50; Library $1.00; Forensics $0.50; Physical Examination and First Aid Fund $1.00. COMMUNITY WORK. Each student is expected to do at least two hours com- munity work each week. TERMISl All bills, including board, room, tuition, fees and deposits, are due and payable in advance at the beginning of each quarter. Settlement must be made at the office within the first five days of each quarter or registration will be cancelled. If cash for the year is paid at the time of registration, a discount of five per cent will be given on the total amount. REFUNDS. No refunds are made during the school year. If for unavoidable reasons a student must leave school, an extension of his time will be made and he may come back later and use up the amount of his credit. If at the beginning of the next school year it is evident that the student is unable to return to school because of sick- ness, two-thirds of the amount of his credit will be refunded. SOME SUGGESTIONS A student should bring with him blankets, comforts, three or four sheets, two pillow slips, rugs, curtains, and whatever he wishes to make his room homelike. The school provides the necessary furniture, mattresses and pillows. Plan to be on hand the first day and remain until the close. Come with the determination to live up to the regulations which are laid down to help and protect you. Remember every one here is anxious to help you. Bring your trunk checks to the school when you reach Billings. The school will transfer them more cheaply than a baggage man can. Address all correspondence to — BILLINGS POLYTECHNIC, Polytechnic, Montana. y- ' r iiEi Ha TT OK i .■ ' - ' ' .I T H E 1 L Y DEPARTMENTS The Billings Polytechnic Institute includes the following academic and vocational schools. Junior College, Preparatory Department, School of Engineering, School of Com- merce, the Departments of Auto-Tractor Engineering, Radio Engineering, Agriculture, Domestic Science and Manual Arts, and the Losekamp Conservatory of Music. JUNIOR COLLEGE The Junior College has been organized to meet a real demand for such a school in this section. Our State Schools are not prepared to give attention to the large number of young people that are seeking admission. The real need is for a school with a limit- ed enrollment, where the students may receive personal attention. A four-year course is offered, starting with what is ordinarily the junior year of high school and carrying the student through the first two years of college. A student is an upper classman here and has the opportunity to assume positions of leadership and responsibility, while his first two years at a university are almost meaningless in this respect. ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS For entrance to the Junior College a student must have completed the prepara- tory course, or have completed the first two years of high school or its equ ivalent. Advanced standing may be had for work done in n accredited high school up to and including the sophomore year. A graduate of an accredited high school may be ac- cepted with junior standing. CLASSIFICATION Classification is determined at the beginning of each autumn quarter according to the following plan: A student having secured at least 45 hour credits and 45 grade credits will be classified a Sophomore; 105 hour credits and 105 grade credits as a Junior; 150 hour credits and 150 grade credits as a Senior. General Requirements. For graduation from the Junior College each student must present as a minimum the following: English, 45; Social Science, 30; Chemical and Physical Science, 15; Religious Education, 10; Vocational Arts, 15 (if not presented for entrance) ; Physical Education, 18. Major and Minor Sequence. A candidate for graduation must present 210 hours, exclusive of physical training. In addition to the General Requirements listed above, students must select a major sequence from some department and a minor sequence from some correlated department. The minimum amount of work for a major sequence is sixty hours; the minimum for a minor sequence is forty-five hours. These requirements may be increased by various departments. The major and minor sequences include the hours required under General Requirements. For example, should a person choose as a major Scoial Science and a minor Chemical and Physical Science, in addition to the general requirements of thirty hours in Social Science, he would be required to present thirty additional hours. At least one-half the major and minor sequence must be taken in the five or six hundred group. Choice of a major and minor sequence must be made not later than the beginning of the Junior year. The choice of major cannot be changed except with consent of the heads of the departments concerned, and the approval of the dean. In selecting a major the student should have clearly in mind what later prepara- tion he proposes to take. Before making final decision, the student should confer with either the head of the department in which he anticipates majoring, or the dean of the college, or both. Two degrees are offered for graduation from the Junior College: Associate in Arts and Associate in Science. The basis of distinction is the Major Sequence selected . The degree of Associate in Arts will be granted upon successful completion of majors in any of the following: English, Music, Religious Education, Social Science, Vocational Arts. The degree of Associate in Sciences will be granted upon successful comple- tion of majors in any of the following: Agriculture, Engineering, Mathematics, Physical and Chemical Science. L 1 82 THE 1927 L Y GRADUATION HONORS Students will be graduated with distinction upon the following conditions: 1. Candidates for graduation with distinction shall not have received a grade below C in any subject during the entire college course. 2. In the department in which the honor is given, a grade of A must have been received in 30 hours of work that counts toward a major. Special examinations may be given at the discretion of the instructor to students who have failed to meet the distinction requirements on account of sickness, or for other good reasons, and who wish to make up the deficiency. Degrees WITH DISTINCTION will be indicated by cum laude for students who secure an average of 2.25 grade credits for each semester hour, by magna cum laude for those who secure an average of 2.50 grade credits and by summa cum laude for those who secure an average of 2.80 grade credits. In determining the grade index, all work taken in the Junior College at Billings Polytechnic Institute shall be counted. A grade once entered upon the records may not be raised to increase grade credits. STANDARDS AND CREDITS In order to graduate from the Junior College a student must complete satisfac- torily 210 quarter hours of work, 90 of which must be taken from the 500 and 600 groups, plus the 18 hours of required work in physical education. A quarter hour is defined as one hour of classroom work a week, or its equivalent, pursued for one quarter. (A reci- tation hour in the Billings Polytechnic Institute is of fifty minutes duration in the clear.) The required work in physical education covers three years or nine quarters. The normal amount of work for students in the Freshman and Sophomore years is twenty hours a quarter in add ; tion to work in physical education, choir, orchestra, glee club, or the Polygraph which, while they carry credit toward graduation, are con- sidered as extra curricular subjects and do not count as part of the regular class room work. Students in these years are expected to take courses in either the three hundred or four hundred group. Courses in this group presuppose a minimum of one hour prep- aration for each hour spent in the class room. When laboratory work is required, two hours constitute a period. The normal amount of work for students in the Junior and Senior years is fifteen hours per week exclusive of the extra activities listed above. Each hour of classroom recitation in these groups presupposes a minimum of two hours preparation and when courses require laboratory work, three hours constitute a period. Students wishing to carry more than the above prescribed amount of work may do so only when the work carried averages a grade of B with no grade below C . Grade of Work: A student must secure for graduation as many grade credits as there are hour credits required. This means that an average grade of C must be maintained for all work recorded, in as much as one grade credit is given for each hour graded C. Two grade credits are given for each hour graded B and three grade credits are given for each hour graded A. NUMBERING OF COURSES Courses in the Billings Polytechnic Institute are numbered in groups from 100 to 600. While there is nothing absolute about the sequence of courses indicated by the numbers, yet they do indicate in a general way the sequence in years as follows Courses between 100 and 199 are such as are ordinarily to be found in first year high school work. Courses between 200 and 299 are such as are ordinarily to be found in second year high school work. Courses in the 100 and 200 groups are classed as Preparatory, and are not ac- cepted for credit in the Junior College. The equivalent of 120 quarter hours or 8 high school units are required from this group for entrance to the Junior College. Courses in the 300 and 400 group are either advanced work based upon the work of the preparatory department or such beginning courses as seem best adapted to the trained student. In this group are included the subjects ordinarily taught in the last two years of high school. Courses in the 500 and 600 group are either specialized or advanced studies such as are usually given in colleges and universities. They include more than the work usually offered in the first two years of college. S3 I ' . T : .■ ' ' ' , i THE 1927 POLY ENGLISH 101-2-3. SENTENCE STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION.— Required of any student in the preparatory department who .shall not have completed the equivalent of the first year of high school English. This course covers the funda- mental principles of sentence structure, correct pronunciation, spelling, and writing of short compositions and letters. 5 hours each week, 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 201-2-3. COMPOSITION AND LITERATURE.— A continuation of English 101-2-3, which is a prerequisite. This course covers some of the more advanced principles of composition, paragraph structure, organization of ideas, application of the forms of discourse, and a study of the drama and novel. 5 hours per week, 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 301-2-3. ADVANCED COMPOSITION AND ENGLISH LITERATURE.— Advanced composition; vocabulary building; longer theme construction; editorial writ- ing; reviews; narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative writing. The student will receive in Literature, along with the composition work, a know- ledge of the development of the English language, its trends and influences upon the past and present conditions, its leading exponents and masters. 5 hours per week, 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 401-2-3. AMERICAN LITERATURE AND VOCATIONAL COMPOSITION.— The course in American Literature is designed to acquaint the student with our na- tional ideals, arouse his patriotic pride, and enable him to understand the writings of the present in the light of those of the past — in short to make him a better Ameri- can citizen. The aim of the Vocational Composition course is to help the student discover himself, his tastes, his abilities, and the handicaps he should remove or overcome. 5 hours per week, 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 501-2. RHETORIC AND COMPOSITION This course is the equivalent of the standard college freshman course. Essay and short story writing, reviews, reports, special articles, supplemented by original and individual research and writing on current problems. 5 hours per week, 2 quarters. 10 quarter hour credits. 503. 601. JOURNALISM.— News writing, editorials, special articles and features. 5 hours per week, 1 quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. SHORT STORY.— An intensive study of short story writing, its forms, its construction, and its leading exponents. 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. 602. PLAY WRITING.— Different types of plays, different roles, blocking out, construction, and actual writing. 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. 003. PROJECT WRITING — Special assignments for research work along the line of the student ' s major cou rse. 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. PUBLIC SPEAKING 311-12-13. PUBLIC SPEAKING.— Open to any student who has completed English 203. This course is an introductory course. in the fundamental principles of effective speaking with much practice in ail the forms of modern speech. 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 511. ORATORY.— This course consists of (1) the study of representative orations, their structure and effective qualities; (2) a general review of the history of oratory; (3) the preparation and delivery of an original oration. 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. 512. EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEAKING.— A continuation of Course 511 with special emphasis on speaking extemporaneously. A study of the principles of speech construction best adapted to extemporaneous speak- ing; application of those principles in original speeches on topics of the day. Aims to de ' velop poise and ability to think on the platform, and to give the student a larger, more accurate, and more ready vocabulary. 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. 521-22. DEBATE. — A careful study of the principles of argumentation, including analysis and brief draw- ing, with much practice in actual debate. A student should have at least three years of high school English before seeking admission to this course. Open to college stud- ents upon consent of instructor in charge. 5 hours per week, two quarters. 10 quarter hour credits. . ' 1 84 Hi SB Ha, ..SB T H E 1 O L Y 601-2-3. DRAMATICS.— Beginning play production, development of the English Drama, and the study and pro- duction of modern plays. Intensive study of three modern plays and the production of one, together with the history of the English Drama, and a study of dramatic technique. A practical laboratory course to prepare students to direct dramatic ac- tivities in schools and communities. 301-2-3. 401-2-3. 501-2-3. 601-2-3. FOREIGN LANGUAGE SPANISH ELEMENTARY SPANISH. — The elements of grammar, composition, and conversation for beginners, reading of easy prose selections, idiomatic translations, much oral drill, and conversation. INTERMEDIATE SPANISH— Review of grammar, reading, composition, and conversation. Open to students who present the equivalent of fifteen quarter hour credits of Spanish. ADVANCED ELEMENTARY SPANISH— Pronunciation, grammar, composition, reading, and conversation. MODERN SPANISH.— Advanced grammar, composition, and conversation. The modern novel, drama, and poetry. GERMAN AND LATIN Classes in German and Latin will be organized if there is sufficient demand. credit. MATHEMATICS All mathematics courses are five hours recitation each week and carry five quarter hours 101, 102, 103 ELEMENTARY ALGEBRA— 201, 202, 203 PLANE GEOMETRY— 301, 302 ADVANCED ALGEBRA— 303 SOLID GEOMETRY— 501 COLLEGE ALGEBRA— 502 TRIGONOMETRY— 503 ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY— 601, 602, 603 DIFFERENTIAL AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS— 506. ELEMENTARY SURVEYING- RELIGIOUS EDUCATION No education is adequate which does not include a satisfying spiritual experience and prepare one to participate helpfully in constructive Christian work in his community. Courses in this department are designed to accomplish these ends. We do not pretend to train young people for the Christian Ministry. Proper preparation for this highest of callings is provided only by the best of our modern graduate Seminaries. We do believe, however, that the student who looks to the Ministry as his life work may receive at the Polytechnic, in connection with his general education, a foundation in the realities of Christian faith and experience that will enable him to go forward into his Semi- nary work without the usual disturbing reorganization of his thought and life. But our primary purpose is always to prepare our students for Christian Citizenship that is intelligent and progressive, and to lead them to a positive experience of Christ. Since the courses here offered are in no way professional, the usual requirements of sequence are not followed. Students majoring in Religious Education must work out with the director of this department a sequence of courses to fit their need. In all other cases courses are open to students upon consent of the director. The following 5 hour courses are offered: 101 102 103 201 202 203 301 302 303 The Literature of the Bible. 401 Essentials of the Christian Faith. 402 The Life and Teachings of Jesus. 403 Heroes of the Bible. 501 Makers of Christian History. 502 Modern Christian Pioneers. 503 Student Standards of Action. 601 Social Requirements of Christianity. 602 Current Religious Literature. 603 The Meaning of Prayer. The Meaning of Faith. The Meaning of Service. The Faiths of Mankind. Christianity as the World ' s Religion. Modern Movements in Religious Thought. Old Testament History. New Testament History. Applied Religious Education. SOCIAL SCIENCES This department includes courses in History, Sociology, and Economics. The courses are arranged in such sequence as will give to the student having a public grade school education a comprehensive idea of social and economic conditions today, with a rational conception of how such conditions developed. 201, 202, 203 OUR WORLD TODAY AND YESTERDAY— Hours Credit 201 Ancient and Medieval History 5 202 Europe from Louis XIV to about 1815 5 203 The Modern World 5 301, 302, 303 OUR ENGLISH AND AMERICAN HISTORY— 301 English History 5 302, 303 American History and Government 5 iS 85 r I ' M THE 1927 L Y 401, 501, (iOl 603 511, 2111 301 402, 403 SOCIAL AND ECONOMICS PROBLEMS 5 502, 503 INDUSTRIAL HISTORY— 501 Industrial Revolution 5 502 Industry in United States 5 503 Industrial Reconstruction 5 602 POLITICAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF UNITED STATES— 1828-1926— 601 Period 1828-1860 5 602 Period 1860-present 5 THE FAMILY AS A SOCIAL INSTITUTION . ' 5 512, 513 SOCIOLOGY— 511 General Sociology 5 512 Social Psychology 5 513 Social Control 5 HISTORY 202, 203 OUR WORLD TODAY AND YESTERDAY— A one year course covering the field of human history from the earliest times of recorded events to the present time. 201 ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL HISTORY— Beginning ' with the life of early man it continues through the study of the ancient civiliza- tions centering around Egypt, Babylonia, Assyria, Persia, Greece, Roman World, also the civilization of the middle ages concluding with the seventeenth century. 202 EUROPE FROM LOUIS XIV TO ABOUT 1815— A continuation of History 201, covering the period in World History when nations of today were in their making while their chief concern was self-preservation or self-advancement. 203 THE MODERN WORLD— This period is chiefly a study of the outward look of nations realizing the international dependency brought about by the changed conditions following the Industrial revolution. 302, 303 OUR ENGLISH AND AMERICAN HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT— 301 KNGLISH HISTORY— A rief history of England giving special attention to those events in the political, social, economic and religi ous life of England which so profoundly influenced our early history. 302 THE ESTABLISHMENT OF OUR NATIONAL LIFE— This course covers the historical events with special notice of the development of our philosophy and machinery of Government covering the period up to the close of the War of 1812. 303 TAKING OUR PLACE AMONG THE NATIONS— This course begins with feeling of national consciousness following the War of 1812, cover- ing the critical period of the Civil War, concluding with our development into a world power. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES These courses are intended to give the student a broad and liberal education as a citizen, and to give useful and practical application along many lines. The industries are becoming more and more dependent for their greatest success upon the intelligent application of the sciences. A study of the sciences is essential to a thorough comprehension of the processes of nature and of human industry. The instruction in Science is planned so as to co-operate with other departments of the institution in preparing students to meet the needs of life. The aim of all courses is to give a strong fundamental knowledge of the basic principles and to enable the student to apply the knowledge thus gained. Special effort is, therefore, made to impress upon the student the im- portance of neatness, accuracy, and thoughtfulness in connection with his science work, and to point out the value for intelligent observation and ability to interpret the meaning of ob- served phenomena. Any student to register for any science in the 500 or 600 group must have had at least two years laboratory sciences. SUGGESTED COURSE FOR THOSE WISHING TO MAJOR IN THIS DEPARTMENT Preparatory Work Before Starting Science Course. FIRST YEAR SECOND YEAR English (English 101, 102, 103) 5 hou rs English (English 201, 202, 203) 5 hours Mathematics (Mathematics 101, 102, Mathematics (Mathematics 201, 202, 103) 5 hours 203) 5 hours Science, General (Science 101, 102, History, General (History 201, 202, 103) 5 hours 203) 5 hours Language (Language 101, 102, 103). ...5 hours Language (Language 201, 202, 203).. ..5 hours FIRST YEAR English (English 301, 302, 303) 5 hours American History and Civics (His- tory 301, 302, 303) 5 hours Mathematics (Mathematics 301, 302, 303 ) 5 hours Biology (Biology 301, 302, 303) 5 hours SECOND YEAR English (English 401, 402, 403) 5 hours Social and Economic Problems (401, 402, 403) 5 hours Physics, General (Physics 401, 402, 403) 5 hours Geology (Geology 501, 502, 503) 5 hours THIRD YEAR Chemistry, General (Chemistry 501, 502, 503) 5 hours English, College (English 501, 502, 503) 5 hours Mathematics, College (Mathematics 501, 502, 503) 5 hours FOURTH YEAR Qualitative Analysis (Chemistry 601) 5 hours Quantitative Analysis (Chemistry 602, 603) 5 hours Calculus (Mathematics 601, 602, 603) 5 hours Physics, Advanced (Physics 601, 602, 603) 5 hours Engineering, Drawing (301, 302, 303) 5 hours ' ' ■ : 1 HE I ' M as Hi,, T H E 1 O L Y 101-2-3. GENERAL SCIENCE— This course covers the whole field of science in a general way. It is designed to meet the needs of those who have had no previous science work or wish a general course covering the field of science. 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 301-2-3. BIOLOGY— The course in Biology takes up the study of plant and animal life. This course aims to present the subject of pl ant and animal life in its best and broadest relations to human interests from various standpoints. It gives an introduction to the nature and work of plants and animals, their classification, and their practical relationship to mankind. 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 401-2-3. GENERAL PHYSICS— The chief aim of this course is to present physics in such a way as to stimulate the student to do some thinking on his own account about the Hows and Whys of the physical world in which he lives. Physics is a study dealing with matter and energy. Our physical world and its phenomena, as well as the machines of man, is a world of matter and energy, no student phenomena, as well as the machines of man, is a world of matter and energy and no student should consider his training adequate without knowing as much as possible about it. 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 501, 502, 503. GEOLOGY— This course aims to present the fundamentals of geology. It consists of a study of the surface features of the earth with emphasis on the forces and processes which produce these results and are still at work bringing about slow changes. It consists of laboratory exer- cises on topographic maps illustrating the geological features studied in the lecture courses and of occasional trips during which the students are shown actual examples of many physiographic features, faults, folds and associated structures. 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 511-12-13. CHEMISTRY, GENERAL— In this course the fundamental principles of chemistry are considered. The non-metallic elements are studied as well as the metallic elements and their compounds. The aim is to furnish a complete foundation in all the fundamental principles of chemistry. Detailed instruction is given in the preparation and properties of inorganic elements and compounds. The production and uses of the most important industrial products are considered. Three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 3 hours recitation, 6 hours laboratory per week. 521-22-23. BOTANY, GENERAL— A lecture and laboratory course dealing with the development of plant life and the structure and function of typical plants and plant organs in each of the great groups during first two quarters. The last quarter is planned to meet the needs of those who contemplate a study of pharmacy or premedical courses, 3 hours per week, laboratory 6 hours per week, 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 531-32-33. ZOOLOGY, GENERAL— The first two quarters deal with the facts and principles of zoology with reference to structure, functions, classification, heredity and evolution of animals. In the last quarter the natural historj ' , classification, morphology, physiology and economic importance of the vertebrates is taken up. Three hours per week recitation and six hours laboratory, per week. Three quarters. 5 quarter hour credits. 601-2-3. ADVANCED PHYSICS— This is an advanced course taking up more fully the study of mechanics, hydraulics, heat, light, sound, magnetism, and electricity. The laws of physics are used in all scientific- investigation; hence physics is the fundamental science. The instruction consists of lec- tures, recitations, tests, and laboratory work. In these courses the aim is to develop more fully the resourceful side of the student in the laboratory, therefore much of the work will be experimental. 3 hours per week recitation and six hours laboratory. Three quarters, 15 quarter hour credits. 611. QUALITATIVE CHEMISTRY— The practical applications of the principles of qualitative analysis are emphasized. The aim is to teach rapid, accurate analytical methods in conjunction with the underlying principles, and to serve as proper preparation for systematic laboratory work. The usual systematic course in qualitative analysis is given. All manipulations are required to be made with such correctness as will properly prepare the student for subsequent quantitative work. 15 hours laboratory per week. First quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. 612-13. QUANTITATIVE CHEMISTRY— In this course the uses of apparatus and utensils employed in quantitative analysis are taught. The course covers elementary eolumetric and gravimetric analysis. Stress is laid upon accuracy, care, and integrity, necessary for successful quantitative work. The labora- tory work includes the analysis of various minerals, ores, alloys, and industrial products. The course is continuous starting with the second quarter and is open to those who have completed chemistry courses 501-2-3, and 601. 15 hours laboratory per week. Two quarters. 10 quarter hour credits. EM SB 87 , - . IV J US I: i ! T 19 2 7 OLI SCHOOL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Courses offered aim to train the student for responsible positions. This may well be called the Electrical Age. There is an increased demand for young men to take responsible positions in power plants and to do expert work in the fields of Radio and Telephony. It will be noted that a graduate from the 8th grade may start on the preparatory years of this course, and in the second year he will be taking the fundamentals of engineering. Graduates of high schools may select the technical subjects in engineering and finish the en- tire course in two or three years. The teacher in charge is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and has had successful experience in teaching. SUGGESTED COURSE FOR THOSE WISHING TO MAJOR IN SCHOOL OP ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PREPARATORY 1— FIRST YEAR English (101, 102, 103) 5 hours Algebra (101, 102, 103) 5 General Science (101, 102, 1035 5 World History (101, 102, 103) 5 FIRST V FAR English (301, 302, 303) 5 Advanced Algebra (301, 302) 5 Solid Geometry (303) 5 Mechanical Drawing (301, 302, 303). 5 Engineering (D. C.) (301, 302, 303).. 5 SECOND YEAR English (401, 402, 403) 5 Physics (401, 402, 403) 5 Mechanical Drawing (401, 402, 403).. 5 Engineering (A. C.) (401, 402, 403).... 5 PREPARATORY II— SECOND YEAR English (201, 202, 203) 5 hours Plane Geometr (201, 202, 203) 5 Manual Training (201, 202, 203) 5 Engineering (Fundamentals 201, 202, 203) 5 THIRD YEAR Descriptive Geometry (501, 502, 503) 5 College Algebra (501) 5 Trigonometry (502) 5 Analytical Geometry (503) 5 Chemistry (501, 502, 503) 5 Foundry (501, 502) 5 Surveying (500) 5 FOURTH YEAR English (501, 502, 503) 5 Physics (601, 602, 603) 5 Calculus (601, 602, 603) 5 Engineering Design (601, 602, 603) 5 EE 101-2-3. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY— This course is given over a period of several months and is primarily for those wishing a short course in electricity. The work covered is the fundamentals of problems confronting the shop electrician, such as practical house wiring, construction and maintenance of stor- age batteries, ordinary cells, and motor and generator repair. A student may enter this course at any time during the school year. The entire course covers a maximum of nine months work. EE 201-2-3. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY— The work covered is the broad general principles of electricity, including in the first two quarters the study of magnets, magnetism, volaic electricity, primary cells, resistance, and Ohm ' s law. The third quarter deals with electromagnets and electrodynamics, construc- tion and repair of electrical instruments, electrical development of heat and electromagnetic induction. Recitation 4 hours, laboratory 2 hours per week. Three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. EE 301-2-3. DIRECT CURRENT MACHINERY— The work covered is a theoretical study of Direct Current Machinery supplemented with numerous practical problems and laboratory practice. Direct current generators and motors, armature and field winding, direct current lighting, are lamps, incandescent lamp circuits, three-wire systems, and an introduction to Alternating Current, are included. Pre-requisite EE 203. Recitation 4 hours, laboratory 2 hours per week. Three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. EE 401-2-3. ALTERNATING CURRENT MACHINERY— The work covered is a theoretical study of alternating currents and alternating current ma- chinery, supplemented with numerous practical problems and laboratory practice. It in- cludes introduction to power transmission, series and parallel circuits with voltage and current relations, a study of power, power factor, inductive reactance, and alternating current generators and their repair, together with a study of armature windings of alter- nating current machines. Pre-requisite EE 303. Recitation 4 hours, laboratory 2 hours per week. Three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. EE 601-2-3. DESIGN OF ELECTRICAL MACHINERY— This course covers a brief review of the operation and maintenance of direct and alternat- ing current machinery, and a study of the construction of electrical measuring devices, a study of the design and construction of motors, generators, transformers, switches, etc. Recitation 4 hours, laboratory 2 hours per week. Pre-requisite EE 403 and mathematics 503. Three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. RADIO ENGINEERING The aim of this School is to familiarize the student with the broad principles of this rapidly advancing science. We inquired of the Radio Service of the United States Department of Commerce the possibilities for young men in the commercial field, and the following reply was received, We are in need of commercial operators, if you think you can qualify, notify us. There are ten classes of Radio Operators which are as follows: (6) Commercial Cargo Grade. (7) Experiment and Instruction Grade. (8) Amateur Extra First Grade. CO Amateur First Grade. (10) Amateur Second Grade. (1) Commercial Extra First Class. (2) Commercial First Class. (3) Commercial Second Class. (4) Commercial Second Class — Broad- cast grade. (5) Commercial Grade 4. Due to the fact that the Commercial Extra First Class requires eighteen months actual service as a licensed First Class operator, we do not prepare students for it. Those students who complete the course in Radio Engineering, EE 304, 305. 306 with the required prerequisite should have no difficulty in qualifying for the Commercial First Class operator ' s license. IV I iH E|P _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _,„„,_ _ _ _ imll- _,„,_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ „,„„, _ _ _ _ _l| THE 1927 POLY | 1 The so-called Short Course in the Elements of Radio, EE 104, 105, 106, is given for the = i benefit of the student who is able to attend school only a few months during the year. A ■ I student who is able to take the course for the maximum of nine months is qualified to pass I i the examination of Commercial Second Class operator. We recommend that a student taking j I this course combine with it some work in the other departments of the school, such as English, - | typewriting, or science. I i In case of mature students who have only a limited amount of time for preparation 1 I Radio Engineering 304, 305, 306 together with the necessary prerequisites, may be completed I | in nine months by spending eight hours per day in the laboratory. e | To the student who is unable to remain throughout the year and complete the course I = some of the lower class licenses would be open, the class depending upon the amount of work I i covered by the student. 1 I COURSES !l EE 111, 112, 113. ELEMENTS OF RADIO : = This course is given over a period of several months and covers radio blue print reading, I i Continental Morse Code, the fundamentals of assembling both transmitting and receiving I | sets, storage battery maintenance, motor and generator troubles, and United States Radio J | laws and regulations. A student may enter this course at any time during the school year. I | The entire course covers a maximum of nine months work. I | Recitation 3 periods per day — 5 quarter hours credit — maximum 15 quarter hours. j I EE 311, 312, 313. RADIO ENGINEERING e I The work is practical radio supplemented with the necessary theory. | i 311. Continental Morse Code, blue print reading cf modern receiving and transmitting I = sets, use and care of storage batteries, and elementary principles of radio. Recitation | i 4 hours, laboratory 2 hours per week — 5 quarter credits. I | Autumn quarter — Prerequisite EE 203. | | 312. A continuation of Morse Code, the operation, care, finding and correcting of faults | | of motors and generators and radio theory continued. | 1 Recitation 4 hours, laboratory 2 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. j| Winter quarter — Prerequisite EE 311. I | 313. A continuation of EE 312 with the adjustment, operation, care, finding and correcting j| of faults of transmitting and receiving apparatus; international regulations governing 1 = radio communication. | i Recitation i hours, laboratory 2 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. I | Spring quarter — Prerequisite EE 312. I I SCHOOL OF COMMERCE j i The School of Commerce is designed to prepare students to enter the business world ! I equipped to do bookkeeping, accounting, stenography, and in short to do efficiently general | = office work as required by the commercial professions. ! 1 The courses offered which may be applied on the Commerce Major are listed below. I | All students majoring in Commerce should complete all these major courses, although grad- | | uation will not be refused should it be necessary to omit some of the courses. j| 301-02-03. Elementary and Partnership 401-02-03. Corporation Accounting and ! = Bookkeeping. ' Banking. p 311-12-13. Elementarv Shorthand. 411-12-13. Advanced Shorthand. 321-22-23. First Year Typewriting. 421-22-23. Advanced Typewriting. | | 331. Business Law. 431-32 Business English and Corre- I i 332. Commercial Arithmetic. spondence. • = 333. Industrial Geographv. 433. Salesmanship. I | 441. Office Practice. ! I 301, 302, 303. ELEMENTARY AND PARTNERSHIP BOOKKEEPING ■ i Parts I and II of 20th Century Bookkeeping are used, which include elementary and part- I I nership bookkeeping. The fundamental principles are emphasized, and entries are made j I from the business papers. All the principal books are used, and this year ' s work prepares I I the student to keep the accounts of the ordinary business in systematic order. j | 5 hours per week, 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. II 311-12-13. ELEMENTARY SHORTHAND j 1 This course covers the study of the fundamental principles of shorthand. A speed of 1= 80 words per minute from general dictation is required for credit. I 1 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. j I 321-22-23. FIRST YEAR TYPEWRITING I 1 The first year course in typewriting includes the completion of the text and mastery of | 1 the touch system. Accuracy is emphasized during this course. To receive credit student ! | must make 40 words per minute in 15 minute test. | | 10 hours per week (laboratory) 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. ! I 331. BUSINESS LAW j 1 A study of the more important and common aspects of law as they affect business practice. 1 1 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. I I 332. COMMERCIAL ARITHMETIC i 1 This course provides a review of all the fundamental processes and principles, with par- j i ticular emphasis on drill in rapid calculation. i: 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. I 1 333. INDUSTRIAL GEOGRAPHY I = This subject has two marked characteristics. First, it is on the economic basis, expressed ■l in the terms, primary production, transportation, manufacturing, and consumption; second, it combines a large number of stimulating problems with an interesting text that guides I | the pupils in working out practical problems. 1 1 5 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits ! | 401-2-3. CORPORATION ACCOUNTING AND BANKING This is a broad, general course, covering corporation accounting and 20th Centurv Banking ! i Cost Accounting, Auditing, and other special lines of accounting may be substituted during I 1 this course at the option of the student, with permission of instructor. ! i 10 hours per week (laboratory) 3 quarters. .15 quarter hour credits m! tJ8 c .j 1 1 : .i„ r ! r ! „i i THE 192? Y 411-12-13. ADVANCED SHORTHAND This is a continuation of Shorthand 313. Speed and accuracy are emphasized. General dictation, law papers, and court reporting are used for practice. A speed of 150 words a minute is required for graduation. 5 hours per week, three quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 421-22-23. ADVANCED TYPEWRITING This is a continuation of Typewriting 323. Speed, and practice in transcribing shorthand are emphasized. Student must attain a speed of 60 words per minute in a 15 minute test for credit. 10 hours per week (laboratory) 3 quarters. 15 quarter hour credits. 431-32. BUSINESS ENGLISH AND CORRESPONDENCE A review of the parts of speech and grammar, with drills on the correct use of both oral and written English, and punctuation. Business letter writing in all its forms. 5 hours per week, two quarters. 10 quarter hour credits. 433. SALESMANSHIP. A straightforward presentation of the principles of selling. It presents the psychology and the ethics of square dealing, and gives the general principles of salesmanship rather than specific directions. 441. OFFICE PRACTICE. A course designed to acquaint the student with equipment found in the modern business office, such as adding machine, mimeograph, multigraph, etc. General clerical training and actual office experience is given to some extent in the administrative offices of the school. 10 hours per week, one quarter. 5 quarter hour credits. A student majoring in the School of Commerce will select such other subjects as may be required in the 500 and 600 groups of English, Economics, Sociology and History. SHORT COURSES For the mature student and for those who cannot afford to spend a longer time in school, short, intensive courses in bookkeeping, shorthand, typewriting, business English, busi- ness artithmetic, commercial law, and salesmanship are offered. These courses will be adapted to fit the special needs of the individual student. These courses may be mastered in from six months to two years, according to the ad- vancement and industry of the student. In addition, special preparation is offered for those who wish to enter the government service as stenographers, typists, bookkeepers and clerks. This field offers many attractions. Many students have entered the civil service from the Polytechnic commercial courses, and there are at present several of our graduates in departmental service at Washington, D. C. AUTO-TRACTOR ENGINEERING Courses offered: 101. Motor 102. 103. 113. 201. 202 203 Transmission. Chassis and Steering Gear. The Gas Tractor. Battery Construction and Repair. Starting and Lighting. Magneto Ignition. The Auto Tractor School offers two distinct courses: the Automobile Course and the Tractor Course. The Automobile Course is a two-year course comprising the subjects listed below; the Tractor Course is a one year course, the requirements of which are listed below. Attention is called to the fact that the same Motor and Transmission Courses are required in both the Automobile and Tractor Courses. In other words, the first two quarters of each course are the same. The work in the Auto Tractor School is planned so as to allow students to take other school work at the same time. Students are urged to carry some regular Academic English, Mathematics, Science, History, or Commercial courses in conjunction with their auto work. The broader education thus acquired is very desirable. The work of the ' Automobile Course is on a two year basis. The student is expected to put three hour periods per day in the auto shop. The Tractor Course is planned on a one year basis, expecting the student to put in three hour periods per day in the auto shop. However, in case of high school graduates or mature students who have only a limited time for training, the work of the Auto Course may be completed in one year and the work of the Tractor Course completed in 18 weeks by working eight hours each day in the auto shop. By special application the student should be able to finish the combined Auto-Tractor Course in nine months. Automobile Course 101. Motor. Motor construction, materials used, adjustments and names of parts. Disassembling and assembling, marking of parts, firing orders, valve timing and principle of operation; also cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, bearings, crank and cam shafts, valves and tappets are considered. Autumn quarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. 102. TRANSMISSION. Different types, selection, planetary, etc., their location, adjustment, bearings and etc. Clutches of different types are considered. Mechanical drawing is considered under this heading, differential and drive methods, axles, semi three-quarters, full floating, etc., universal joints, drive shafts and housings. Winter quarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. 103. CHASSIS AND STEERING GEAR. Side and cross members, distribution of weight, springs, etc., wheel base alignment of wheels, different types of steering gear, spindles, wheel bearings, are all considered. Spring quarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. 201. BATTERY CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR. All second year students are assigned to definite jobs along this line of work. Autumn quarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. 202. STARTING AND LIGHTING. The objective of the starting and lighting work has been designed and is broad enough to cover most starting and lighting systems with sufficient reference for the student to 90 M f| [ j SsJ„ THE 19 2 7 L Y 203 101 102 113 understand the complete electrical system. This instruction is intensified and is of vital importance to the student. Winter quarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. MAGNETO IGNITION. The magneto ignition objective is to give the student an understanding of the principles involved in magneto operation, their troubles, causes, and remedies, disassembling and as- sembling, pride in workmanship. In order to take second year work a student must prove that he has had a year ' s practical work with cars and tractors. Spring puarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hour credits. Tractor Course MOTOR. (Same as in Automobile Course.) TRANSMISSION. (Same as in the Automobile Course.) THE GAS TRACTOR. The tractor department offers a short, intensive course of instruction on operation and re- pair, and the student should be able to successfully handle a tractor and make his own re- pairs. Students are given actual work of tractor operation, trouble shooting and repair work: also lectures on tractor sizes and tractor driven machinery, lubrication, fuels, cooling systems, ignition and operation are given. Any student sixteen years of age may enter this course. Spring quarter — 15 hours per week — 5 quarter hours. PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT This department is planned for those students who have not had the first two years of high school work. Eighth grade graduates will be prepared for the suggested courses as listed below. Those who have not finished the grade work will be given special instruction until they are able to take up the suggested courses. The work of this department, or its equivalent must be completed before admission to the Junior College is granted: The minimum requirements in this department are: (15 quarter hours being the equiva- lent of one credit or a subject meeting 5 class recitation periods per week for 36 weeks.) English 30 hours or 2 units World History 15 hours or 1 unit General Science 15 hours or 1 unit A suggested course for the two years fc FIRST YEAR English 101, 102, 103 Algebra 101, 102, 103 General Science 101, 102, 103 Vocational Arts (Sewing or Bench Work or Auto Tractor) 101, 102, 103 Physical Training Mathematics 15 hours or 1 unit Vocational Arts 15 hours or 1 unit Elective 30 hours or 2 units SECOND YEAR English 201, 202, 203 Geometry 201, 202, 203 World History 201, 202, 203 Vocational Arts or other elective Physical Training Home Economics The Home Economics Department is planned for young ladies who wish to prepare themselves thoroughly to become home makers. All girls who are taking any regular courses in the school are expected to take some class in this department during the first two years. In the Domestic Arts Class, there will be a study of clothing, plain and machine sewing, garment making, costume designing, and tailoring. The Domestic Science Classes will take up the study of food, practical cooking, human nutrition, and diatetics. A complete four-year course in Home Economics will be arranged for those who wish to specialize in this department. If there is a demand for them, classes will be organized in Basketry, Rug-making, Batik Modeling, First Aid and Home Nursing. MANUAL ARTS The Manual Training Department offers practical courses which train for life in indus- trial efficiency. The following courses are offered: 201-2-3. ELEMENTARY CABINET MAKING. This course includes the study of mortise and tenon, paneling, simple cabinet and case construction, and the efficient use of woodworking machines. Three quaters — 10 hours per week — 15 quarter hour credits. 211-12-13. WOOD TURNING. Consists of instruction in the use and care of lathe tools, making a series of exercise pieces which give familiarity with principles involved, and face plate, chuck, and mandrel work. Three quarters — 10 hours per week — 15 quarter hour credits. 221-22-23. MILL WORK. This course emphasizes the use and care of power wood working machines, together with practical application of theoretical methods of production. Machines used are: universal saw, band saw, jointer, mortiser, tenoner, lathe. Three quarters — 10 hours per week — 15 quarter hour credits 301-2-3. ELEMENTARY DRAFTING. This course gives practical instruction in the use of instruments, and the theory and prac- tice of mechanical drawing. Drawing, lettering, geometrical definitions, mensurations, and brief blue printing are covered. Three quarters — 10 hours per week — 15 quarter hour credits. 311-12-13. FREE HAND DRAWING. This course is designed to develop ability to give accurate and rapid expression by means of sketches, and includes the principles involved in the various methods of pictorial rep- resentation. It is especially adapted to the needs of the practical man. Pre-requisite Ele- mentary Drafting. Three quarters — 10 hours per week — 15 quarter hour credits 401-2-3. ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING. The aim of this course is two-fold: First, to give the student a practical conception of architectural construction and methods of drawing: second, to create in his own mind Hi 01 i V i .J„ II T 192? POLY desire to be able to combine beauty with right construction. The course covers the details of building construction, specifications, estimates, and blue printing. Before receiving credit the student is expected to draw up plans for ideal or simple model cottage, including floor, basement, roof, and elevations. Prerequisite Drawing 303. Three quarters — 10 hours per week — 15 quarter hour credits. 301-2-3. DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY. This course is intended chiefly for those who desire to specialize in mechanical drafting. It deals with problems relating to point, line, surface, intersections, developments, and with abstract objects in different planes. Prerequisite Drafting 303, and Plane Geometry 203. Three quarters — 15 hours per week (laboratory) — 15 quarter hour credits. Agriculture The course in Agriculture is arranged especially for boys who want to become successful and intelligent farmers, and for those who are preparing to become teachers of agricul ture in high schools. It is conceded that the farmer ' s life is the most pleasant and useful of any pro- vided the farmer has received a general, all-round education and the special training for his vocation. The school farm of 265 acres now being developed for pure seed production will be the basis of all the practical agricultural work of this course; the farm for general agriculture, the orchards, nursery, and gardens for horticulture, the livestock for stock breeding and feeding, and the dairy herd for dairying-. Each branch of Agriculture given will have practical field work as a foundation for text-book instruction. Excursions to the farms and ranches of lead- ing farmers and live stock growers afford an excellent first hand study of successful agriculture in practice. An expert agriculturist with wide experience in managing farms is superintendent of farm operations. The following courses are offered: 101-2-3. GENERAL AGRICULTURE. This course, with some wood-shop and auto-tractor work, will enable the farm boy to go back better equipped to solve the problems arising every day on the average farm. A general text book covering all phases of agriculture will be used. Much practical work in the various departments of the farm will be done. This work will be seasonal and aimed to accommodate the desire of the individual student. A thoroughly practical course any student can understand and use. 201-2-3. ELEMENTARY COURSE. The aim of this course is to cover in a general way the subjects Soils and Crops, Types and Breeds of Livestock and Paultry, and Cereal Crops, thereby giving the ele- mentary knowledge required before taking up the advanced course in Agriculture. Each subject occupies a one quarter. 5 hours per week, 3 quarters — 15 quarter hour credits. 301-2-3. SOILS AND CROPS. This course will consist of a complete study of soil types, methods of tilling, fertilizers and their application, crops and their relation to man and animals, the relation of soils and crops to each other, crop rotation, farm management problems, etc. In connection with this course the Chemistry Department offers an opportunity to study elementary agri- cultural chemistry. 5 hours per week, three quarters — Ja quarter hour credits. 401-2-3. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY. Livestock History, breeds, stock judging, beef cattle, dairy cattle, horses, swine, sheep, feeds and feeding, veterinary anatomy, physiology and common diseases, with their pre- vention and treatment, are taken up in this course. • From among students taking this work a stock judging team will be selected to repre- sent the Polytechnic at the Vocational Conference held at Bozeman in January. 5 hours per week, three quarters — 15 quarter hour credits. 501-2-3. FARM MANAGEMENT. Farm management concerns itself with all those things that have to do with the profitable operation of a farm. Instruction given covers farm accounting in every phase of operation, including survey and study of markets. The purpose is to give the student a basis for training by which he will be better fitted to solve the problems of management that are so vital to the successful organization and operation of the businss of the modern farm. 5 hours per week, three quarters — 15 quarter hour credits. 511-12-13. FARM SHOP. As a part of Agricultural Engineering the farm shop course teaches the correct use of tools, how to build farm equipment, make estimates, and do farm repair work in general. The knowledge gained therefrom is very essential to successful farm operation. 5 hours per week, three quarters — 15 quarter hour credits. 601-2-3. DAIRY HUSBANDRY. The school dairy herd, headed by a proven pure-bred government Holstein sire, is used for study in class work. This large herd, a member of the Cow Testing Association, con- sists of high grade pure-bred and grade Holstein cows. Thorough study in the following subjects is conducted during the year: Breed types and histories, feeding and manage- ment, buildings and equipment, silos and silage, records and pedigrees, milk and cream testing. 5 hours per week, three quarters — 15 quarter hour credits. 601-12-13. PROJECTS. Projects of poultry, livestock, crops, horticulture, or any division of agriculture, may be taken up by the student and full credit be given. The plan and plant of the school is especially well adapted for project work. 5 hours per week, three quarters — 15 quarter hour credits. ' ' ST HP THE 1927 POLY LOSEKAMP CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC LOFTUS H. WARD, Dean. By the bequest of the late John D. Losekamp, funds were made available for this beautiful stone building which is dedicated to the Conservatory of Music. The Lose- kamp Memorial contains a recital hall with an adequate seating capacity and a large stage, so that it may be used for all types of Institute activities. The building also pro- vides well equipped practice studios for the Conservatory. The Conservatory of Music The special mission of a school of music is to provide the student with advantages which the private teacher cannot furnish. The well trained musician must be more than a mere performer; he must have a well rounded personality in harmony with the best of education and life. The Conservatory fulfills this requirement because it is an integ- ral part of the Institute where other branches of cultural and practical study may be followed. Also, the student is placed in a stimulating atmosphere where there are other students, many of wh om are already successful musicians, and in an environment where there is constantly a close personal touch with instructors who are themselves artists. In addition they are cultured men and women, devoted to their calling, who are per- sonally interested in the progress and training of each individual student. The Polytechnic Chorus The Chorus is an organization composed of both men and women of the Poly- technic Conservatory. The work consists of the study and presentation of standard compositions by the best authors, light opera and oratorio. Three programs are present- ed each year near the end of the three terms. Membership in the chorus is required of all students of voice, and is open to any regularly enrolled student of Polytechnic Institute who can qualify as regards singing ability and general musicianship. An in- teresting feature of the chorus work is provided by the out-of-town concerts of the or- ganization. Three term hour credits for seventy rehearsals. No credit is given for less than a full year ' s work. The Men ' s Glee Club One of the principal activities of the Men ' s Glee Club is the annual concert tour. Polytechnic Glee Club has earned a very favorable reputation for high class singing on these tours in the past few years. Membership is compulsory for students of Voice, and is open to all qualified students of the Institute. Three term hour credits for seventy rehearsals. The Women ' s Glee Club The work of the Women ' s Glee Club is similar to that of the Men ' s Club in all particulars except that the music studied is of a nature which gives particular training in the handling and directing of school choruses. Membership is required of students of Voice, and is open to all qualified students of the Institute. Three term hour credits for seventy rehearsals. The Quartets The Male Quartet, Ladies ' Quartet, and Mixed Quartet furnish a most popular sup- plementary activity for advanced students in Voice. There is a keen popular demand for the work of these organizations and they have been heard at many points through- out the state. Chapel Programs In order that students in the Music School may appear in public performances frequently, and in order that all students of the Institute may have the privilege of receiving general musical information, the Conservatory presents the Chapel program every Tuesday morning during the school year. These programs are varied and con- sist of every type of musical performance by the Faculty and students of Music, as well as short lectures on various musical subjects by the Dean of Music. SPECIAL STUDENTS Advanced students who are not working for certificate credit will be accepted for indi- vidual lessons in Voice, Piano, Organ, and Violin; other special students not working for certificate will be accepted for either individual or group lessons in Voice, Piano, and Violin. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION Voice Our plan of teaching Singing is based upon the Italian method in which the chief aims are quality, clearness, and beauty of tone. These are attained onlv through correct breathing and placement of tone. The requirements of each individual pupil are given careful attention. Stress is also laid upon the study of interpretation, rythm, enunciation, followed by more difficult vocal technique. More advanced work includes the study of opera and oratorio and its presentation in recital. HE- 93 F . cV j f In THE 2 7 O L Y Piano The course of study for the pianoforte is arranged to meet the advancement of the indi- vidual pup il. The purpose of all technical study is finally to develop artistic executive ability and con- sequently the greatest care will be given to the aesthetic and interpretative sides of playing. Pipe Organ The Conservatory offers complete instruction in the various schools of Organ Music with special attention given to the playing of church music, accompanying, registration and the mechanism of the instrument. Violin In the beginning work particular attention is paid to the correct manner of holding the violin and bow, as well as the general position of the student while playing. Careful in- tonation and good tone quality are insisted upon as well as accuracy of notes and rythm. As the student advances more attention is given to interpretation, and representative composi- tions of the entire field of violin literature are studied. CERTIFICATE COURSES Admission Requirements: For credits to apply toward a certificate course in Music the entrance requirements shall be the equivalent of High School graduation or graduation from the Academy department of the Institute, college preparatory course. Certificate in Piano English 18 •French or German 9 Harmon v (501-502-503) 6 Harmony (601-602-603) 6 Historv of Music (521-522-523) 6 Piano (551-552-553) 12 Piano (651-652-653) 12 Music (600) 1 Eleetives (Selected from the 500 and 600 groups with the approval of the Dean of Music) .20 Total Credits 90 Certificate in Voice Chorus 6 English 18 •French or German 9 Harmony (501-502-503) • 6 Harmony (601-602-603) 6 Historv of Music (521-522-523) 6 Voice (561-562-563) 12 Voice (661-662-663) 12 Piano (551-552-553) 6 Music (600) 1 Eleetives (Selected from the 500 and 600 groups with the approval of the Dean of Music) 8 Certificates in Pipe Organ English 18 ♦French or German 9 Harmony (501-502-503) 6 Harmony (601-602-603) 6 Historv of Music (521-522-523) 6 Organ (571-572-573) 12 Organ (671-672-673) 12 Music (600) 1 Eleetives (selected from the 500 and 600 groups with the approval of the Dean of Music) 20 Total Credits .90 Certificate of Violin English 18 •French or German 9 Harmony (501-502-503) 6 Harmony (601-602-603) 6 History of Music (521-522-523) 6 Violin (581-582-583) 12 Violin (681-682-683 ) 12 Piano (551-552-553) 6 Music (600) 1 Eleetives (selected from the 500 and 600 groups with the approval of the Dean of Music) 14 ii 521 if 531 1 1 ii 541 Total Credits 90 Total Credits 90 •Note: This language credit must be in addition to the entrance requirement of two units in language. SYNOPSIS OF COURSES 600. MUSIC. Recital. Each student who is a candidate for a certificate shall be required to present either all or one half of a recital program during the Spring term of his senior year. One term hour credit. 501-502-503. MUSIC. Harmony, intervals, scales, triads, four part writing, cadences, dominant seventh chord, the leading tone triad, secondary seventh harmony in major and minor, chords of the ninth, enharmonic chords, transition and modulation, melody writing and harmonization. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 6 term hour credits for the year. 601-602-603. MUSIC. Harmony. A continuation of Music 503. Mixed chords, non-harmonic tones, modulations, suspensions, passing tones, especially applied to key-board and chorus harmonizations. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 6 term hour credits for the year. 511-512-513. MUSIC. Ear Training. Single related tones, unrelated tones, simple intervals, triad positions, simple melody dictation, rythmic exercises, notation of related and unre- lated tones and one and two part melodies, introduction of chromatics, memory training. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 6 term hour credits for the year. ■522-523. MUSIC. History of Music. Primitive, Greek, Roman, Medieval and Modern through the eighteenth century. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 6 term hour credits for the year. ■532-533. MUSIC. Music Appreciation. A critical understanding of musical form beginning with folk music and dance forms through sonata, symphony, oratorio, and opera. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 3 term hour credits for the year. ■542-543. MUSIC. Public School Music Methods. A two-hour course designed to meet the need of those who are preparing for vocational work in the public schools, covering elementary methods for the first six grades. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 6 term hour credits for the year 611-612-613. MUSIC. Chorus and Choir Direction. This course covers the theory and prac- tice of chorus direction, and practical work under the direction of the Dean of Music will be given in periodically directing musical organizations of the Conservatory. Students en- rolled in this course will also be reouired to be members of. the Pilgrim Choral Club in the City of Billings. m i 94 THE 1927 L Y Prerequisite — 45 credits in 500 group subjects which must include not less than 6 term hour credits in Voice. Pall, Winter and Spring- quarters — 3 term hour credits for the year. 551-552-553. MUSIC. Piano. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than twelve hours per week practice, the work covering Bach Two Part Inventions, Mendelssohn Songs Without Words, MacDowell, Grieg, and works of similar difficulty. Czerny studies. Prerequisite — Music 543. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 651-652-653. MUSIC. Piano. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than twelve hours per week practice. Beethoven sonotas, Chopin nocturnes and waltzes, Grieg, Foote, MacDowell, Czerny studies. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 561-562-563. MUSIC. Voice. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than nine hours per week practice with piano. A study of fundamental principles of tone, breathing, and diction using technical studies of Sieber. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 661-662-663. MUSIC. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than nine hours per week practice with piano. Vocalises of Vaccai, songs, interpretation: a continuation of Music 563. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 571-572-573. MUSIC. Pipe Organ. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than twelve hours per week practice. A study of mechanics and registration, of pedal play- ing, and pieces from Whiting, Dunham, Stainer, Bach. Prerequisite: completion or its equivalent of Music 653. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 671-672-673. MUSIC. Pipe Organ. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than twelve hours per week practice. A continuation of Music 573. Works of Stainer, Whiting, Foote, etc. Special attention to choral accompaniment and uractical church serv- ice playing. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 581.-582-583. MUSIC. Violin. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than twelve hours per week practice. Studies from Sevcik, Kreutzer, Dvorak, scales and arpeg- gios, three octaves. Scales in octaves. Prerequisites: Music 483. Fall. Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 681-682-683. MUSIC. Violin. Two half-hour individual lessons per week and not less than twelve hours per week practice. A continuation of Music 583, scales, octaves, thirds, and sixths. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. Z51--252-253. MUSIC. Piano. For beginners. Touch, notation rythm, scales, one octave. Two lessons per week, either individual or group lessons. Fall. Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 351-352-353. MUSIC. Piano. Major and minor scales, two octaves. Works of Kuhlau, dem- enti, Loeschorn. Two lessons per week, either individual or group lessons. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 451-452-453. MUSIC. Piano. All scales and arpeggios, Heller Etudes Op. 45. Krause Trill Studies, Sonatas of Clementi, Mozart, etc. Two lessons per week, either individual or group. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. 481-482-483. MUSIC. Violin. For beginners, taking from beginning finger exercises, scales, and arpeggios to the works equivalent to Laoureux Part III. Two lessons per week, either individual or group. Fall, Winter and Spring quarters — 4 term hour credits each term. Note — One lesson per week in any Applied Music subject will give two term hour credits per term. BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT In order that boys and girls may acquire an early interest in Music, and In playing the piano, the Conservatory provides class instruction in piano at exceedingly low cost (only a few cents a lesson) for children between the ages of five and twelve. A piano in the home is not necessary for the first term ' s work; consequently, parents may know before purchasing an In- strument whether or not their children have latent talent in music. These classes are con- ducted according to the most successful modern methods of group piano teaching, and are de- signed to teach piano playing in a most interesting and efficient manner. EXTENSION DEPARTMENT Through the extension department the Conservatory outlines and plans the courses in public school music for School Boards, and members of the Conservatory faculty personally supervise the work carried on throughout all the rooms of the various school districts. Arrangements for this service of the Conservatory may be made by contract with the Dean of Music. TUITION RATES IN THE CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC Rates for lessons are based upon a term of twelve weeks. Less than full term enrollments will not be accepted from other than advanced students: in which case the rate is Four Dollars per lesson, and arrangement must be made with the Dean of Music. Students enrolled in other departments of the Institute may obtain a discount of fifteen per cent from the rates for indi- vidual lessons. Group and class lesson rates are the same in all classes, however. Students enrolled in the Conservatory will be permitted to enroll without added charge for subjects in other departments of the Institute to the extent of three term hours for each 130.00 of Conservatory tuition. Voice, Pipe Organ Two lessons One lesson Piano, or Violin per week per week Individual lessons $55.00 $30.00 Group lessons 30.00 15.00 Theoretical Subjects Class lessons 6.00 Beginners Department Piano Classes 7.50 Ik SHE 95 r : r i. T E 19 2 7 O L Y „i . i CALENDAR FOR 1927-28 1927 Oct. 3... .....19th Year Opens Oct. 4 Class Work. Begins Oct. 7 Student Mixer Oct. 8 Faculty Reception Oct. 14 Literary Societies Organization Nov. 1 Special Six Month Term Nov. 24 Thanksgiving Dec. 20 Inter-Society Dehate Dec. 22 Term Examinations Dec. 23 Fall Term Closes 1928 Jan. 2 Winter Term Opens Jan. 27 Candle-Light Banquet Mar. 23 Term Examinations Alar. 2i Inter-Society Oratorical Contest Mar. 26 Spring Term Opens May 18 May Day Exercises June 10 .Baccalaureate Sermon June 11 Public Speaking Contest June 12-13 Term Examinations June 14 Commencement Day ji 1 1 i : ii 96 is PI - THE 1927 POLY li STYLE ! Our apparel shops present the smartest Paris and New York styles. The newest accessories, too, are found here in complete assortments. li if if II if VALUES ! Greater values are made possible by our 44-slore New York Group Buying Organization, with a buying power of over 1 75 millions annually. momtanas Gmatcst omv Ciooos Toai 97 = I m _ - THE 1927 L Y Hello, ? Ws 98 81 THE L Y Newest Footwear at Popular Prices $ SHOE- STORE BILLINGS MUL SAYS: Poly students walk now but when their education is complete they will certainly ride in a Willys-Knight. Overland Mulvaney Go. When you write home remember the Post Office is Just across the street. The Montana Power Co. LIGHT Desk Lamps Boudoir Lamps Mazda Lamps P O W E R A. B. C. Washer Royal Vacuum Cleaners Motors for Every Purpose HEAT Electric Ranges Hot-Point Toasters Universal Percolators Simplex Ironing Machines SPECIAL Watch for Our Special Sale on Electrical Appliances PHONE 1735 ELECTRIC BUILDING 99 = i •m PI _ - - _ .„. jm THE 1927 POLY c ; ■ ■ E 1 O L Y We manufacture our own Candies from highest grade materials. Mail Orders given special attention Fratt Building Phone 6874 Johnson ' s and Whitman ' s Candies Kodaks Films Developed — 9-hour Service B roa dway Pha rmac v The REXALL Store Northern Hotel Building See us for a complete line of Hardware, Paints and Oils, Gas Stoves, Ranges, Fishing tackles that are fit for good fishing. Rent a tent for your vacation. If it ' s Hardware, ive have it Stroii]) Hardware Co. Yegen Block Billings, Montana DODGE BROTHERS SIX l£ ' The Class of 1927 ' £ A. T. HANSORD CO. Billings, Mont. Blackboards Slate Composition Rolling Partitions Building Specialties Frank W. Richardson, Inc. Hedden Building BILLINGS PHONE 6554 101 ilp _ _ _ _ _ IB Zu,Z„,Z„,Z„.Z,„ZtVi THE 1927 POLY clti ! ™ ™ ™ ™ 102 ' ™ till T M E 1 7 POLY Cleanliness! is one of the main passwords to success. We can ' t keep you clean — but we can keep your clothes clean. For quick, sure service send your clothes to the Rex Laundry PHONE 1166 CONEY ISLAND Red Hot — Quick Lunch Bottled Drinks 2717 FIRST AVENUE X. THE NAME SPEAKS FOR ITSELF Quality Merchandise GOLDEN RULE 2709 Mont. Ave. Remember Always ' Every shoe in our entire stock is new — up-to-the-minute style. 108 NORTH BROADWAY 103 EH! §R,. „iHs 19 2 7 O L Y Cjoyv ' boqin INTRMNINg P°!l yovw. !i M !i II M il Sept. 20- i = Sept. 21- i ! Sept. 24- Sept. 30- ! i Oct. 1 M Oct. 3 li Oct. 4 il Oct. 8 1 = Oct. 9 11 Oct. Oct. 12 13 11 il i! School Calendar -Opening of school. -Faculty reception. -Student Mixer. -Student Caucus. -Annual weiner roast. -Three girls campused. -Political mass meeting. -Societies organized. -New students initiation and dance. -Student Government officials inaugurated. -Student Government banquet. 1 1,, tin 104 Egg ilk. THE 1927 L Y There ' s no place like ours for- jl DRY CLEANING PRESSING REPAIRING Our Odorless Process pleases everybody. No odor of cleansing ' fluid is left after work is done. BILLINGS LAUNDRY CO. ODORLESS DRY CLEANERS 105 THE 1927 O L ¥ POLY STUDENTS— We invite you to make our store your headquarters when down town, and we trust you will bear in mind that if it is something a student needs — You can get it at CHAPPLE ' S Drugs, Kodaks, Books, Stationery 1711— Telephones— 1712 NASH LEADS THE WORLD IN MOTOR CAR VALUE McTAVISH MOTOR CO. Billings, Mont. Oct. 14 Oct. 16 Oct. 18 Oct. 19 Oct. 20 Oct. 23 Oct. 28 Oct. 30 Oct. 31 -New members admitted to German class. -Weiner roast in rims. L. T. departs for East. -Poly vs. M. S. C. football. Dance afterwards. -Kiwanians our guests. -Young People ' s Conference; Student Mixer. -Football, Poly vs. Sheridan. -Civic Club organized. -Party in Kenney Hall. -Hallowe ' en Party. (Continued) WHEN YOU THINK of New Clothes, Shoes and Furnish- ings, think of us. We sell only adver- tised goods. The Popular Department Store 2621 Montana Ave. Billings, Mont. We clean and block Men ' s and Women ' s H-A-T-S. We have added this new department for the convenience of our customers. You may now have your garments cleaned and pressed along w T ith your hat. The entire work complete. WETZEL ' S PHONE 1239 117 North 30th St. 106 THE 1927 POLY Stationer)- School Supplies Office Supplies Party Goods in complete lines Williams Stationery Co. Babcock Theater Bldg. HARRY TRUSCOTT Merchant Tailor CLEANING AND PRESSING PHONE 1616 205 N. BROADWAY ELLIOTT SEED CO. — Seeds — BILLINGS - MONT. Don ' t HASH for Good Teeth HAVE Them Why envy the person with perfect teeth? They merely give their teeth the atten- tion they require. You need only do the same to reap big dividends in good looks, good health and popularity. The Modern Dentist Corner Broadway Montana Distinctive in Quality and Service BILLINGS BOOKBINDING PRINTING CO. JOB PRINTING : : BOOKBINDING : : PAPER RULING RUBBER STAMPS : : CORPORATE SEALS LINOTYPE COMPOSITION 111 North 29th Street Phone 1687 Billings, Mont. FOR THAT CAMPING TRIP- We have Tents, Stoves, Dishes, Camping Beds, Fishing Tackle and Auto Accessories I! CUSTER HARDWARE CO. 107 T M E 1 7 POLY BALTO Developed in Shell Gray Kid with ;ray Gingham Kid, puffed bow. Also Parchment with large puffed bow of lark Blonde Kidskin— $8.50. Many other styles, priced $6.50 up. THE BOOTRY Han nig Vassan 2704 First Avenue North Phone 6849 Securities Building M BILLINGS, MONTANA Distinctive Portraits Commercial Photography Kodak Finishing Picture Framing pHOTu«;RAHIS Tell the Story PHOTOGRAPHS Live Forever Nov. 1 — First meeting of student Legislature. Nov. 2 — E. T. elected to Senate of Montana. Nov. -I — Black-Eye Club introduced by Service Club. Nov. 5 — Football, Poly vs. Billings High. Nov. 11 — Football, Poly vs. Lovell, Wyo. Home support. Nov. 12 — Students still arriving from Lovell. Nov. 18 — First snow. Nov. 20 — Big Dance. It ' s theUNUSUAL GIFT that pleases — little luxuries that people secretly desire — but do not feel justified in buying for themselves — these are the most welcome GIFTS. Whether it be a beautiful W ATCH— DIAMOND— JEWELRY- SILVER— CRYSTAL— STERLING DRESSER SILVER— IM- PORTED OR DOMESTIC NOVELTIES— see our rare GIFT things. II [| [| II i( FORTOEY-PEASE CO. The Hallmark Jewelers -at the Sign of the Clock Fratt Block, Second Avenue Everybody Appreciates Jewelry 108 3H E 1 7 POLY Malin- Yates Co. GROCERIES IMPLEMENTS Billings and Broadview, Montana The following are the interesting questions debated during the year. Re- solved that, The Poly faculty should be subject to recall. The ' Flunking of College Seniors ' should be declared illegal. All members of the Poly orchestra should be required to play the same piece, at the same time, in the same key. A prune is more nutritious than a peanut. HOMELIKE SURROUNDINGS— CONGENIAL ATMOSPHERE Soda Fountain misrjF l!) ffitj y z ) Chocolates and Candies Fanc Sundaes nHtfM 0 Made in our own Fanc Drinks L£ li!ty@ iw ' M®f® Establishment Breakfast, Noon Luncheon and Evening Dinner Served AFTER THEATRE PARTIES will find our food and service very delightful TWELFTH ANNUAL MIDLAND EMPIRE FAIR Montana ' s Largest Livestock and Agricultural Exposition September 13-14-15-1.6, 1927 Billings .-.-... Montana 109 US «3 THE 1927 L Y TIRE REPAIR SERVICE WALLY for TIKES GOODYEAR MEANS GOODWEAR DRIVE-IN SERVICE 106 North 30th A RELIABLE PLACE TO BUY CLOTHING Nov. 25 — First basketball of the season. Toikey served a la mode. Thanksgiving I mean. Nov. 26 — Societies initiate new members. Dec. 2 — Lights out at 10:30. Dec. 9 — Kronmiller and Levi mix in chapel on prohibition. Dec. 10 — Beet factory expedition. Dec. 1 1 — Entertainment by all organizations. Dec. 15— Student Government election. L. T. returns from East. Dec. 17 — Alpha ' s give entertainment. Permanent Waving, Marcelling and all the latest Hair Cuts Northern Barber Shop NORTHERN LUMBER COMPANY Retail LUMBER— COAL— HARDWARE 423 N. 33rd St. Phone 1051 no ma. L.A THE 7 POL Fresh Meats Grocery Meats Sturm Drake The Quality Store Remember, we are headquarters for fresh and canned fruits, pickles, and salads. We carry a full line of choice Lunch Meats. In fact, an ideal place to fill your picnic baskets, for every occasion. 14 North 29th Street NIELS KAFN, Inc. Sheet Metal Works Heating and Ventilation Pennsylvania Gas Furnaces Siracco and Ventura Fans 115 North 27th Street Phone 1216 BILLINGS, MONTANA Someone you know — Knows us — Get their opinion. Why be Satisfied zvith Anything Less than the Best? -in your cleaning, dyeing and pressing work ? SWISS DYE HOUSE 112 N. 26th St. Phone 1251 Hr ' in ' A THE 1927 L Y Insist on- PURITY Package Drugs and Household Reme- dies on sale AT ALL DRUG STORES Wiggenkorn Brois., Inc. Wholesale Distributors Continental Drug Co., St. Louis, Mo. The Billings Ho nw oj Ford Products II Dec. 18 — Polytechnic visited by Santa Claus. Dec. 19 — Xmas cantata at the Babcock. Dec. 21 — Presentation of The Three Wise Men. Dec. 25 — Christmas came on this day. New Years Day — No change. Jan. 3- — School renewed. Jan. 8 — Dance sponsored by the girls. Jan. 10 — Basketball, Poly vs. Jamestown (N. Dak.) Jan. 13 — Public speaking class entertain class from town. Jan. 15 — Damage suit. Eagle Literary Society vs. Joe Richards. Jan. 16 — The Three Wise Men presented at Congregational Church. Service Before Self The Motto of THE FEDERAL BUILDING LOAN ASS ' N. Billings, Montana A Mutual Savings Institution SAVE and HAVE 112 ip _ _ _ m THE 1927 POLY North Brothers REALTORS Insurance Loans Bonds 212 Broadway, Billings ' Best College in Northwest ' THE TEMPLE Meats and Groceries Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Corner Broadway and 3rd Avenue Phone 1760 EEYMER MACHINE CO. Automotive Machinists Cylinder and crankshaft Grindings Phone 6525 Billings, Mont. Efficiency — Demands eyesight that is 100 per cent good. Start out right in life by having us examine your eyes, and if they are not 100 per cent good we will make them — w i t h correct lenses. WOO I 1 OPTIC SSL Billings Mqnu na (Hi - 113 II THE 1927 L Y BELATOEE JONES EAT AT THE— Prescription Druggists Phone 1212 2703 Montana Avenue ( D rijCfft The Ol Icst Drug Store in BilHnffS JL We carry a complete line of Drugs ( m 9 and Sundries, Fountain Pens and Pencils, Kodaks and Films, Perfumes, The leading and most popular cafe in Billings for thirty-five years. Fancy Soaps, etc. Service is just Quality , Service, Popular Prices Always Jan. 17 — Mr. Waddell lost a box of apples. Jan. 20 — Basketball, Poly vs. Red Lodge. Jan. 21 — Candle Light banquet meets with success. Jan. .22 — Play by Dramatics class. Jan. 26 — Basketball, Poly vs. Hardin Independents. Jan. 28 — Basketball, Poly vs. Hardin. Jan. 29 — Service Club entertains with a moving picture. Feb. 3 — Basketball, Poly vs. Missoula. Feb. -1 — Basketball, Poly vs. Missoula. Feb. 8 — Glee Club goes to Laurel. Feb. 9 — Basketball, Poly vs. Hardin. PHONE 1343 P. O. BOX 215 CllOSSEE MEAT CO., INC. Wholesalers of Fresh and Cured Meats We specialize in Lunch Meats and Sausages GA 114 ip _ E 1927 POLY HEDDEN ' S DEPARTMENT STOKE Has the largest buying power and the most economical sell- ing system of any store in Billings. That is why we give you value. 1)11. EKED J. KIMMEL Dentist Room 12 Midland National Bank Building Billings :- : Montana SWEEPINGS FROM KENNEY HALL Love is an ecstatic sensation that renders the unfortunate victim utterly destitute of common sense and good judgment. — Win. Ricketts. GAS GENUINE FORD PARTS VULCANIZING BRAKE LINING SERVICE — better buy Generals NOW than buy and buy TORGERSON BROS. Rov S. Hansen OIL 3006-14 First Avenue PHONE 6333 life 115 r : T H E 19 2 7 L Y Something «• every day. This store appreciates the patronage extended by the students and faculty of the Billings Polytechnic. Mfole J: ompanu il Style II ithout Extravagance -Girls have Valentine party. Girls only. -Baskethall, faculty vs. Locomotives of Laurel. Dramatics class entertain in Shepherd. Scarlet fever scare. -Collins receives shower of Valentines. -Public Speaking and Draamtics classes have banque t. -Glee club entertains in Canyon Creek. -Extemporaneous writing contest. -George Washington ' s and Miss Shirk ' s birthday. -Sadie Porter wins extemporaneous speaking contest. -Service club entertains with movie. -Dance sponsored by the boys. Feb. 11- Feb. 12- Feb. 14- Feb. 15- Feb. 18 Feb. 21- Feb. 22- Feb. 23 Feb. 25 Feb. 26 NEW GRAND HOTEL BILLINGS FINEST HOTEL L j 116 SB _ _ jm jl jl 11 !i II THE 1 7 POLY Mul Says — Poly Students walk today, but when their education is com- plete, they ivill want a Willys Knight. v e r 1 an d - M u 1 v an ey o . When writing home remember the post office is just across the street. SPORTING GOODS Goldsmith Guaranteed Athletic Goods Baseball — Football Tract — Basketball Tennis Equipment BEHBENDT BROS. 24 N. 29th St. Billings, Mont. OT ' ' ™ 117 Z,TZrzrzrzrZ ' ZrZ M I ' M THE 2 7 O L Y Til OS. A.TOBIN —CLOTHIER— Northern Hotel Building He congratulate the Polytechnic graduates of 1927 and wish them success in the jut lire. Feb. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. 15 Mar. 16 Mar. 19 28- 3- 5- 7- 8- 9- 11- 12- -Debate, Poly vs. Montana State. -Quartet sings at Congregational Church. -Polytechnic laborers tidy campus. -Inter-class basketball tournament starts. -Mixed chorus sings at church. -Sadie Porter departs for State writing contest at Bozeman. -Debate, Poly vs. Mt. St. Charles. -Debaters entertained at Mrs. L. T. Eaton ' s home. -Debaters depart for Helena. Meet Mr. St. Charles. -Debate, Poly vs. State School of Mines, at Butte. -Debate, Poly vs. Montana State at Bozeman. FOR SERVICE— FOR SECURITY— FOR SATISFACTION— bank with THE MONTANA NATIONAL BANK Broadway at Second Ave. Billings, Montana 118 m i Ufa .HO THE 1927 OLY LATEST AND BEST An INCREASING, lifelong Monthly Income if Totally and Permanently Disable I by accident or disease before age 60. No further premium payments. $100 a month during first 5 years $150 a month during next 5 years $200 a month thereafter for life. And then $10,000 at your death to your beneficiary. Total disability lasting 90 clays regarded, during continuance, as permanent. $20,000 if death, at any age, is accidental, payable in a single sum, or as income for a term of years or for life. Policies issued in larger or smaller amounts. A $10,000 Estate sold on easy payments. The Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York Billings, Montana TODAY WE ARE GIVING TO WOMEN The same Disability Benefits as to Men at the Same Rates. C. F. CARTER, Dist. Mgr. 306-7 Securities Building America ' s First Life Insurance Company GROWTH OF THE MIDLAND EMPIRE The most rapid growth of the Midland Empire dates from the building of the beet sugar factory at Billings in 1906. The beet acreage has grown from 6,000 acres in 1906 to nearly 25,000 acres in 1927, with marked benefit to the agricultural and commercial life of the valley. Let ' s keep up this healthy growth by continuing to support one another in all w T orthy community activities. Buying and using home products boosts community growth. BUY GW SUGAR AND ASK FOR IT BY NAME THE GREAT WESTERN SUGAR COMPANY Billings, Montana {Montana ' s Pioneer Sugar Refinery) -Jl 119 m m 1 i|S ml _ imp THE 1927 POLY THE RED CEOSS DRUG STORE The Rexall Store KODAKS— SAN TOX— NYALS Let Us Print Your Kodak Pictures. We Guarantee Our Work. Corner Broadway and Second Avenue Billings, Montana Mar. 22 — Debate, Poly vs. Jamestown College (N. Dak.) at Billings. Mar. 2-1 — Lecture on puppy love by Mr. Eaton. Glee club sings at Industrial show. Mar. 26 — Sophs and Frosh give dance. All Fools Day — Well supported. Good time by all. Skip day. April 6 — Student-Faculty baseball game. No school. i [ TIRES AND VULCANIZING GASOLINE AND OILS YELLOWSTONE TIRE VULCANIZING CO. One-Half Block East of Postoffice A Comblete Service Station CAR WASHING ALEMITING CHAMBERS II OWE. CO. HOPPER ' S BILLINGS FLORAL Quality Guaranteed — Prices Right PHONE 1620 LEADING FLORISTS 21 North 27th Street 103 North Broadway Telephone 6 BILLINGS, MONTANA BILLINGS, MONTANA BUCKLEY-DOYLE E. L. ROBBINS Men ' s Tailoring Ladies ' and Misses ' Hatter and Haberdasher 2717 First Avenue North READY-TO-WEAR GARMENTS BILLINGS, MONTANA H .j,, THE 1927 POLY GAS The Clean Efficient Fuel A warm house in winter and a cool house in summer is what every user of Gas Fuel enjoys at a nominal cost. Gas Fuel at your service every day, every hour, every minute. Heat when you want it. Billings Gas Co. If It ' s Heat You Want, You Can Do It Better With Gas SET 121 W....— 1 1 1 1 „,_ ma THE 192? POLY April April April April May May May May May May AYATLA sM) IMPLEMENT CO, 3015 1st Avenue North Dealers in Farm Implements and Field Seeds 7 — Bugs take residence in A Dorm. 13 — Bugs of A Dorm evacuate their domicile. 18 — Rooms Inspection committee gives Judge Bartz some publ icity on the bulletin board. 26 — Alfred Bartz wins oratorical elimination contest. 4 — Barnes, Beall, and Holt tell stories in chapel. 9 — Blue Moon at the Babcock goes over big. 11 — A cat jeopardized. 21 — A regal event, Junior Prom. 22 — Baccalaureate sermon. 25 — Vines dedicated by Seniors, Sophomores, and Agriculture class. 1100.00 TEE MONTH For your entire life INTERESTED! ! PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. PAUL C. VORNHOLT FRED P. RIXON sH 122 Ig« ■ eH T H E 1 L Y -IP GIFTS For — Weddings Anniversaries Birthdays Engagements Graduation and all other occasions. KOPPE JEWELRY CO. Famous for Diamonds Consult us about your eyes. You will look well and see well if we prescribe your glasses. A. C. JOHNSON Optometrist and Optician 112 Broadway M li The American Plan, or Open Shop, was put in operation in Billings in the spring of 1921 and more than 90 per cent of her industries are now being operated under this plan. Results — increased efficiency, greater earnings, elimination of strikes and better conditions all around. Absolute fairness to employe and employer alike is one of the foundation principles on which Americanism rests. ij THE AMERICAN PLAN FOR GOVERNING RELATIONS BETWEEN EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE 1. We will work for the improvement of industrial relations, the elimination of class prejudice, which generally results from misunderstandings, and the establishment of equitable and uniform working conditions fair alike to employe and employer. 2. We will always use our united influence in opposition to injustice, whether practiced by employers or employes. 3. We stand for the American plan, which means absolute fairness to all classes of workers, whether union or non-union. It unalterably opposes the closed shop, which shuts the doors of industry against the American workingma-n who is not a member of a labor organization. 4. It is un-American to interefere with the personal rights and constitutional lib- erties of the individual. Therefore, we shall oppose the use of force or intimidation by anyone endeavoring to persuade workmen either to join or to resign from a labor organization. 5. We hold that both the employe and the employer are privileged to terminate their relations whenever either chooses to do so. unless, of course, there be contracts between them. 6. We do not countenance limitation of the amount of work which may be ac- complished in a given time, or the manner in which payment shall be made for such work, whether by hourly rate, piece work, contract or otherwise. We believe that every workman should have an opportunity to earn a wage proportionate to his ability and productive capacity. 7. By encouraging fair dealings and broadminded policies, we hope, with the co- operation of the thinking public, to bring about working conditions and wages which will make Montana known as a good place in which to work, to live and to raise children. BILLINGS ASSOCIATED INDUSTRIES US Sir 123 M r . r-sj i§P|„ r j „LV I THE 1927 L Y Florists Flowers and Gifts for All Occasions May 26 May 26 May 27 May 28 May 28 May 28 May 29- May 30 June 2 June 3- -Dixon gets organized in chapel. -Senior ' s Plug Hat and Cane Week. -Students enthusiastic over Holmes ' Brat. -Lougee League banquet. -Dramatics class banquet. -Senior picnic. -Last Vesper services. -Holmes ' silver-tongued tornadoes declam. -Commencement Exercises. -Good Luck to you. Why Delay? Start now to put a part of your savings regularly into this strong, dividend- paying Association, and lay the founda- tion of financial independence. The hard part is to start- After that it ' s easy. Security ittlahtg 8c Coatt JVssncmttcm Assets over $4,000,000.00 PHONE 6557 RYNIKER-WINTER Sheet Metal Works 25th Street and 2nd Avenue lumes Smoke Stacks Furnaces Electric Welding Cornices Ventilators Skylights Tanks Roofing Steel Ceilings Copper Work Head Gates Gas Work ' hone 1857 Billings, Montana 124 HI T H E 1 7 POLY FARMER BROS., Inc. 29th Street at First Avenue North We undersell, but never under value. Everything for men to wear at the low- est prices in America for high quality merchandise. Sales and Service — Used Cars Miller Tires Billings Hudson-Essex Co. Distributors of Hudson and Essex Motor Cars Third Avenue and North 30th Street Phone 6558 Billings, Montana Mason Lumber Company Building 1 Material Phone 6458 2123 1st Ave. North A Little Cash, Balance Easy — You can buy anything in our store on those easy terms. We hav a well-stocked furniture department; we carry a full line of heavy and shelf hardware, stoves, tinware, sporting goods, and fish- ing tackle, guns and ammunition. BILLINGS HARDWARE COMPANY Money ' s Worth or Money Back SHi ' 125 THE 1927 POLY Keene Motor Car Co. DISTRIBUTORS BILLINGS AUTO PAETS Cut your bills in half. Good used parts for all makes of cars. Over 250 models of cars wrecked. Satisfaction Guaranteed BILLINGS AUTO WRECKING CO. 2413-15 First Avenue ' North PHONE 6709 DO YOU KNOW? Most factories make only one corrective last, but Walk-Over makes a corrective shoe for every type of foot. They are the largest makers of corrective shoes in the world, carrying in stock TWELVE CORRECTIVE LASTS in many patterns. The Main Spring Arch is an exclusive feature in Walk-Over Corrective Shoes. Priced from $8.50 to $12.00 BOOT SHOP MONTANA H ILL ' S EVERYTHING IN SCHOOL SUPPLIES, CONFECTIONS, GROCERIES 4th Avenue and 30th St. North Dear Lydia: The eyes you have made I still re- member them, but some other girl has beat your time. Hope you have better luck next time. A Friend. Mr. Barnes in Religious Ed. — There is but one thing that we know about death. Dean Whipple — And what is that? Mr. Barnes — It is always fatal. The GIESE CREAMERY INC. Manufacturers M i 1 k — ( ' ream — Butter and Ice Cream Phone 6163 126 iH8 p_ _ ,„„,„„„„ T H E 1 7 POLY Poly Students When you wish the old shoes ;o appear new, and want quick service, step into — The Brown Shoe Shop We especially recommend Flex Oak Leather Sole 105 No. 29th St. Billings In the Fall when the task of studies dominates the minds of the students — the new BABCOCK THEATEIi will be presented to Billings and Eastern Montana. It will furnish its share of Edu- cational features for the whole community. Billings, Mont. Midland National Bank i The Bank of Personal ii il service IK 127 as _ ,„„„_ _ „ l .1 ,„„, THE 1927 POLY HERB ' S TIRE SHOP Quality, Service and Satisfaction 109 North 29th Street BEAUTY SPECIALISTS Broadway Pharmacy Phone 6791 J. T. WEBB Carpenter and Contractor 124 Jackson :-: Phone 2650 (J HANI) CAFE Dinner, Lunches and Short Orders Home Made Candies Ice Cream and Sodas Open Day and Night Roundup Montana H. B. S ' TRIDIRON TELEPHONE 1872 §H THE CENTRAL CORNICE CO. Roofers and Sheet Metal Workers Manufacturers of PATENT GALVANIZED FLUME— TANKS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION JOHNS-MANVILLE ROOFING COLUMBUS GAS FURNACES 107 North 29th Street. Billings, Montana SHOPS OF SUPERIOR SERVICE Complete Department lor Ladies COSMOPOLITAN— Phone 6355 METROPOLITAN— Phone 6423 SANITARY — Phone 6702 ROTHROCK— KOLB— HONADEL 128 ill 1927 POLY ii M M ii The Billings Gazette Job Printing Department 1 1 is the most complete in Eastern Montana and Northern Wyoming. 1 1 If you require printing of any character we are prepared to do the Avork in ! I shipshape manner and at a reasonable price. Submit your requirements and 1 1 we will be pleased to confer with you. 1 1 Rapid and accurate service is our motto. Exclusive agents for Tatum = I loose leaf and binder supplies. 1 = j 1 We also maintain a first class book bindery, rubber stamp division, engraving j | and embossing department. = I And as to newspapers — the Gazette is incomparable in its field. It ' s I I I I coverage of the Billings trading territory is complete. Above all, its a clean, 1 1 dependable newspaper. || The Gazette Printing Co. ii jl BILLINGS, MONTANA 129 ' -W T M E 1 L Y PIGGLY WIGGLY MONTANA CO. Scient ific A 1 erch an disi ng of Good Things to Eat Located in the Principal Cities of Montana LAGGIS BEOS. The newly, beautifully decorated Con- fectionery Store, Babcock Theatre Building, sells the choicest Creams and Candies in the West, manufactured in our own place. He Serve Merchant Lunch from 11 to 2 Our sales room is equipped with Pull- man booths for the comfort of the pub- lic, therefore we solicit your patronage. SMITH ' S FUNERAL HOME Established 1896 SMITH ' S TAXI PHONE 1235 130 tY: 1 ' ™ cili THE 1927 POLY us — We Leave It With You 131 THE 1927 L Y 132 m m Kv Sr ,r ■{2. XT m I §§£§ Y, J - £ KS l Y m -y- V Qsa Vj