Rochester (CA 124) - Naval Cruise Book

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TEN YEARS UF HISTORY The years from 1945 to the present have been packed with painful change for the free peoples of the Orient. The Communists stepped up their war effort upon the surrender of Japan to the Allies and by 1949 what was left of Chaing Kai-Shek's battered forces were retreating to the island outpost of Taiwan. The Korean war was next on the red time- table, lasting over three years and ending in a draw, followed by the conquest of North Vietnam. Next came the amphibious invasion of Ichiang, making the Tachens no longer tenable and forcing their evacuation. IT WAS 1945 and the United States Marines received a wild welcome as they landed at Tientsin, China as conquerors, ending Japanese domination of the area IN I954 Indochina was partitioned forcing anti-communists in the Northern half to flee to the south by any means available Some trudged south with their entire households in tow. Others boarded U. S. Naval vessels, their faces reflecting both fear and hope AS THE R.OCHE.STER was heading to. the Far East, the Seventh Fleet was evacuating Nationalists from the Tachens, off the coast of Communist China. Underwater demolition teams preceded the amphibious craft into the evacuation area, as the Chinese waited --TGDAY THE' UNANSWERED QUESTION 1'emains--Will the U. S. aid Chaing's government in the defence of the Matsus and Quemoy? Vice Admiral Pr1de's Seventh fleet stands by for orders while the Nationalist government continues preparations to defend them at any cost Q 'Ti wx.. Xr ---

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,. ,L V, ,, ,,,. them means that vital sea and air lanes stay open. If Formosa falls the com- munists will have a base situated di- rectly between their strongest Asiatic enemies. From Keelung, Kaoshiung, . A V . and Taipei communist planes and ships could harass trade routes which now keep Free Asia strong. From Formosa an enemy could pincer Japan with two claws-the one, northern Korea, and the other, the un- attractive island where we spent so much time in the spring of 1955. From Formosa he could threaten lines of supply which strengthen all of south- east Asia-Indochina, Thailand, Burma. From Formosa he could look west to the mainland, confident that it is just a matter of time-and not much of that-until he has all of Asia. Q He could turn and look north to Japan, south to the Philippines, west to the mainland, and eventually east to Okinawa, only three hundred miles away and vulnerable. Okinawa, the last prize catch of World War Two, is the free world's most important small island base in the Western Pacific. Formosa's location is one of its biggest defenses. From Okinawa-and the communists know this-the mainland is an hour's jet-ride away. With For- mosa in his hands he would be prepared to do something about the situation which must give him such concern. But turn it around a minute. Look at the situation from a positive point of view. Look at it the way the com- munist leaders on the mainland see it today. Formosa stands seventy five miles from the fortresses of China, a FULL I-IONORS are rendered to Vice Admiral Pride as he returns from a conference in Taipeh. The quarterdeck was kept busy with the constant How of arriving and departing oiiicials who had business with the Admiral and members of his staff. The port city of Keelung looks like this from o nearbzf hilltop. Mist and rain were the usual oocurwnce during shi7o's stay in Formosa. In Threatened Pacific Waters, tlwe Seventh Fleet Stands Ready to Carry Out American Foreign Policy poised stronghold from which the com- munists can be attacked at any time. Chiang's troops await only the word that now is the time to return to the s. ' Q 1 . 1 'ir b X M N -r- w 1Nx , homeland, and the communists know lg I I fi: fi'v ' 0 I I' this. To protect themselves they must ,q,,,,,,.e, EP ' t ' keep armies and air wings close by. They must keep elaborate lines func- tioning to supply those armies and planes. How much more he would rather have his strength in a position to force the issue in southeast Asia or Korea. He must feel frustrated as he watches his enemy's supply lines flow- ing unhindered while his sea ports are bottled up, his interior lines of com- munication lying open to attack. From Formosa the free world looks on him at close range and sees his movements, his build-up positions of strength, his plans. It is not surprising that he has X.. L-:uni 'Bl announced he must take the island. And that's where Free China enters the picture. To millions of Chinese on the mainland Chiang's promises to keep up the fight, to return to the mainland, are the principal source of hope. CONTINUED ON PAGE 7 3Q1lll' r NATIONAL DEFENSE MINISTRY in downtown Taipeh is the focal point of Nationalist ' ' ---ig !.1--.---l-- - A --ti-n..n..4L1.Q4-L war effort. Here ardent leaders constantly plan for the push back to the mainland.

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THE MIGHTY ROCH RESTS IN HER NEW HOME PORT OF KEELUNG, SERVING AS THE SEVENTH FLEET FLACPSHIP Why We Came Chiang's armies train only seventy five miles away, and their daily object is getting one step nearer the trip home. There is still hope on the mainland. If, then, Formosa is the largest single morale factor for Free China and her friends on the mainland, what of the rest of Asia? For the other nations Formosa is an experiment in the ability of the United States and her allies to stand up to communism. Thus far-and we might as well admit it-we haven't had much luck. Korea was a draw, and to some of the Asians who watched the conHict, a sell-out. Indochina was a communist victory. To Thailand, Burma, and Indo- nesia, the advance of communism is an immediate problem of immediate con- cern. How best can they cope with it, they are asking themselves. Should they compromise voluntarily to save themselves from a war which could only end in burned earth? Should they defend themselves, and if so, with what? Should they rely on the protec- tion of the United States, and if so, how valuable would that protection be in a showdown? Right now they are waiting, stalling for as much time as they can get, sitting on the fence, wait- ing to jump whichever way they decide is most advantageous to their national defenses. If Formosa stays free then the small nations will realize that the United States means what it says and that it will back its word with power, if that is necessary. 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