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Page 21 text:
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%4 e d c c i s s i g An Historical Sketch of Queens College QRIOR TO 1770 there were in the province including Mecklenburg County only two academies which were chartered by the Legislature and approved by the King and Council, and which had the power to confer degrees. One was at Edenton ; the other at New Bern. However, there were within the province other classical schools having a more or less extended curriculum. Of these Queens College or Museum was the best. Thi , school was established at an early date and flourished about 17C6 under the Rev. Joseph Alexander, who was connected with Sugar Creek Church. On January 15, 1771, the Colonial Legislature granted Queens College a charter and empowered it to confer the degree of B.A. and M.A. upon its graduates. The notorious Edmund Fanning is named first in the list of trustees, and was the first president of the institution. Many of his interests were in the North ; so on June 21, 1771, he left North Carolina and went to New York with Governor Tryon. What time he had resided in North Carolina he had lived in Orange County ; consequently he could have had but little to do with the operation of the school, though the charter rec[uired that all the diplomas be signed by the president who had to be of the Established Church and who had to be licensed by the Governor after his appointment by the Fellows and Trustees of the college. The next session of the Legislature, in December, 1771, amended the charter so that degrees could be conferred in the absence of the president, who is now out of the Province. A section of this charter stated that a duty of six pence per gallon should be put on all rum or liquors brought into and dispensed in Mecklenburg County, which duties were to be collected and paid to the treasurer of the college. The amended charter was approved by the Royal Governor and the Crown Attorney, and was forwarded in March, 1771, to the King for his action. In April, one year later, 1771, the act was disallowed by the King. The furor raised by this disallowance led directly to the demand for the Education Clause in the Constitution of the United States. In April, 1777, the first Legislature of the State of North Carolina incor- porated the institution under the name of Liberty Hall, but referred in the act to its former existence and usefulness. Its operation had been disturbed just previous to this date by the Revolutionary War, during the year of which 13
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Page 22 text:
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the building, standing where M ecklenburg court house now stands, was used as a hospital by the American and British armies. The Presbyterians had transferred the college to Winnsboro, South Carolina, and brought it back to Charlotte again, before the Rev. Robert Burwell and Margaret Anna Burwell came in 1857 from Hillsboro, North Carolina, and took charge of the college and called it The Charlotte Female Institute. After the Civil War the school was under the management of the Rev. Robert Burwell and his son. Captain John B. Burwell. For some thirty years after this time, under the presidency of Dr. Atkin- son mainly, the Institute continued its existence in a building on what is known as College Street. In 1901 this building was replaced by a larger one whose cornerstone bore the title Presbyterian College for Women. At this time the school went under ecclesiastical control and for eleven years or more following Dr. J. R. Bridges was the beloved president of this college. With him was associated in administration Miss Lily W. Long, often referred to now as the perfect Dean. In 1912, after Dr. J. L. Caldwell was chosen by the Board of Trustees to be president of the college, the Board of Trustees determined that it was necessary for the location to be changed to Myers Park, if the college was to expand. Further, it was decided to give the Myers Park college the name it first bore : Queens College. The spirit of the new Queens College and the associate organization is not nobler than that of the past. The aim of the modern progressive Queens College is much the same as that of the first Queens College ; it is aptly expressed in the words which the present institution has made her own : Christian Women for Christian Homes. 14
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