Pine River High School - Pine Bough Yearbook (Pine River, MN)

Text from Pages 1 - 76 of the 1968 volume:

7 In August, flood waters of the Chena River m Alaska caused hundreds of millions of dollars in damage Fifteen thousand residents of Fairbanks were evacuated 8 In July. 4.700 Federal troops were called in to suppress noting in Detroit. Michigan Many other cities experienced similar riots during 1967. 9 On November 9. following years of preparation and the expenditure of billions of dollars, the first giant Saturn rocket was launched from Cape Kennedy 10 UCLA's basketball team, featuring 7 foot. 2-mch Lew Alcmdor. was undefeated in 1967 and could con ceivably set an all time win record during 1968 11 Secretary Robert C Weaver looks over a possible solution to part of the pollution problem, a minicar which features a small gasoline electric engine 12 In January, a record smashing 26 inches of snow fell in Chicago m 29 hours and brought the entire area to a virtual standstill for more than a week 12 Published by the 1968 Senior Class DEDICATION We, the Senior Class, do dedicate to you, Mr, Machacek, our 1968 edition of the Pine Bough. Because of your sincere interest in the students as a teacher and as a coach, we regard you with great respect. You have given counsel to those who asked it; you have offered generous contributions of time and effort for our benefit; and you have helped us to understand our needs for the future. For these, your services, we will remember you 2 SCHOOL LIFE The 1967 Homecoming was a smashing success. Voting for Homecoming King and Queen began the eventful day. The Queen candidates were as follows: Kay Edgeton, Joanne Hulke, Gayle Johnson, Mary Kreller, and Sharon Wolk-enhauer. Mike Bristow, Kike Grlep, Ken Lien, Jerry 'ails, and lake Orth were our King candidates. Attendant from the junior class was Judy Davidson; sophomore attendant was Kathy Foard. Crown bearers were Cookie Michaels and Randy Landwehr. The pepfest, held in the morning, was highlighted by the crowning of Queen Mary Kreller and King Ken Lien. The Homecoming parade passed down Main Street at 12:30. The eighth grade class took first prize on their winning float, which was entitled Make Hornet Hash of Clearbrook. The Tigers proved their supremacy by smashing the Clearbrook Hornets 27-0. A dance, sponsored by the senior class, ended the day, which proved to be a memorable occasion for all. 4 VARSITY FOOTBALL WON 5“ LOST 3 Pine River 41 Kelliher Pine River 0 HLackduck Pine River 13 Walker Pine River 26 Red Lake Pine River 27 dearbrook Pine River 2 Littlefork Pine River 25 Northome Pine River 34 Cass Lake 12 27 I 7 0 12 13 6 Seniors Mike Mike Ken Mike Dale Honest Coachl He was that bigl Tim Cec Sponsored by Dr. John T. Bastyr, Chiropractic Physician. 6 Front Row: Mr. Deik, Assistant Coach, Mike Orth, Dale Robideau, Cec Carlson, Ken Lien, Mike Griep, Mike Bristow, Tim Switajewski, Mr. Resanka, Coach. Second Row: Dale Famam, Seorge Coughlin, Kerry Cox, Sid Long, Pat Coughlin, Jon Gilchrist, Mike Haverley, Tom Zimmerman. Third Row: Carl Christensen, Keith Gardner, Richard Weiss, 3111 Riley, Tom Bristow, Steve Wolfe, David Smith. Fourth Row: Lynn Gearey, Joe Cloud, Mike Long, 3ruce Robinson, David Sandberg, Ted Vogt, Roger Ackerman, Galen Minette, Ricky King. 3ack Row: David Zimmerman, Scott Wolfe, Paul Volcke, Steve Cox. TEAM Kathy Vogt CHEERLEADERS The '67-68' Cheerleaders were chosen in mid-September by some of the faculty members. Twelve girls were elected on the basis of poise, personality, appearance, and ability. All twelve Cheerleaders attended the Cheerleading Clinic at Fergus Falls on October 12, 1967. CHEERLEADERS Both squads received their new uniforms in time for the beginning of 3asketball and Wrestling seasons. Working with the Pep Club, they have improved the pepfests and promoted better school spirit. As a result of their hard work, we consider the Cheerleaders to be the best in the area. Front Row: Shirley Vargo, Margaret Dougherty, Vicki Kelsey, Sandy Jesperson, Gloria Mitchell, Debbie Taylor, Lucinda Raph, Linda Renn, Joyce Johnson, Debbie Balken, Carol Stephan. Back Row: Linda Ytterdahl, Betty Garber, Bev Pitlick, Trissie Joenks, Lola Ecker, 3eth Volcke, Jan Udseth, Cathy Holz, Lois Kreller, Colleen Erickson, Patty Shamp, Monica Nelson, Mrs. Dullum, Advisor, Linda Nelson, Linnea Olson, Anita Jones, JoAnn Tollefsrud, Martha Kangas, Lila Eastvoid, Jane Stinson, Joan Rudlang, Vicki Goldenstein, Mary Dougherty. GAA OFFICERS n 12 President: Patty Jones, Vice- President: Margaret Kangas, Secretary-Treasurer: Carol Mc- Allister. 9 10 President: Lucinda Raph, Vice- President: Linda Nelson, Secretary-Treasurer: Debbie Tay- lor. Front Row: Wanda Cadwell, Linda Larsen, Sheila Riley. Second Row: Sandi Kelsey, Joann Holz, Donna Harrington, Diane Ackerman, Christine Swift, Leiloni Humphrey, Lynn Satchell, Rose Feakes. Third Row: Mrs. Dullum, Advisor, Donna Krel- ler, Melody Glover, Darlene Ingberg, Delsie Lohse, Naomi Sams, Mary Martinson, Betty Gearns, Margaret Arnold, Dee Ann Cox, Charlene Davis. Back Row: Vicki Eckman, Diane Frame, Rebecca Pohl, Carrie Renn, Marilyn Jacobs, Donna Matros, Susan Brown, Corlene Haff, Donna McCormick. ft ft Afto A o m 8 President: Mary Kay Gilman, Vice-President: Susan Paluch, Secretary-Treasurer: Linda Tu- lenchik. President: Linda Larsen, Vice- President: Wanda Cadwell, Sec- retary-Treasurer: Sheila Riley. Front Sow: Dora Cloud, Jan Cole. Middle Row: Mrs. Dullum, Advisor, Carol McAllister, Patty Jones, Margaret Kangas. 3ack Row: Joyce Rudlang, Harriet Da-blll, Judi Vargo, Gayle Johnson, Carol Richards, Carol Harrison, Kathy Gilman, Jan Travis, Annette Olson, Kathy Vogt. Mrs. Techam Mrs. Dullum moved to the vocal music department after Christmas vacation with Mrs. Techam taking her position in the Physical Education Department. 3oth have done a fine job for the GAA. Besides regular athletic activity, the members sponsored Parent's Appreciation and traveled to Bemidji College to attend a Hew Christy Minstrels' Concert. ft' a flfv n « r fa Front Row: Sharon Garrett, Susan Paluch, Mary Gilman, Sharon Holtz, Sharon Roubal, Darene Shamp. Middle Row: Kathy Mc- Coy, Janice Glover, Julie Matros, Bonnie Buss, Judy Stephan, Linda Tulenchik, Nancy Newman, Deanna Hanson, Dolores Ytter-dahl, Rose Price, Mary 3orman, Linda Richards, Julia Kramp, Diane Dushek, Faith Arboleda, Mrs. Dullum, Advisor. Back Row: Joanne Turner, Kay Wolfe, Pamela Carlson, Sharon Joenks, Shirley Wanner, Linda Glover, Carol Peterson, Bonnie Barn-heart, Darlene Lohse, Alana Houg, Becky Dabill, Sandy Ode-gard. 11 Secretary-Treasurer: Patty Jones, President: Carol McAllister, Vice-President: Gayle Johnson, Advisor: Mrs. Techam. The recently inactive Pine River Pep Club was reorganized during the 1967-68 school year. The purpose of the Club is to back our school's athletic teams and to lead the student body in cheering during pepfests. This year the Club was fifty members strong. They purchased large orange pins to wear on black shirts for uniforms. The Annual Staff extends best wishes for continued success of the Pep Club. PEP CLUB Front Row: Carol McAllister. Second Row: Patty Shamp, Dora Cloud, Joyce Johnson, Pam Carlson, Betty Johnson, Kathy Vogt, Gayle Johnson, Kay Edgeton, Marilyn Anderson, Sally Balk, Pearl Swift, Peggy Swift. Third Row: Linda Larsen, Nancy Nelson, Cor-lene Haff, Rose Feakes, Delsie Lohse, Dee Ann Cox, Charlene Davis, Sharon Joenks, Leiloni Humphrey, Christine Swift, Susan 3rovn, Kay Wolfe, Margaret Dougherty. Fourth Row: Lola Ecker, Donna Kreller, Scott Kline, 3etty Gearas, Vicki Kelsey, Gloria Mit- chell, Carol Stephan, Cheryl Peterson, Linda Richards, Connie Johnson, Gary Sechser, Wayne Ross, 3eth Volcke. Back Row: Mrs. Techam, Advisor, Trissie Joenks, Colleen Erickson, Sharon Garrett, Debbie Balken, Pat Jones, Harriet Dabill, Mary Dougherty, Jan Travis, Mike Rubey, Shirley Vargo, Anita Jones. Front Row: Sid Long, Tom Soukup, Tom Zimmerman, Mike Haverley, David Fisher, Jon Gilchrist. Middle Row: Dale Robideau, Kerry Cox, George Coughlin, Mike Orth, Steve Amy, Mike Griep, Tim Switajewski, Joe 3alk. 3ack Row: Ken Lien, Tom 3ristow, David Smith, Dale Farnam, Pat Coughlin, Nick Flategraff, Joe Cloud, Richard Weiss, Mike Long, Zee Carlson, Paul Volcke, Roger Prigge, Mike Bristow. LETTERMEN Coaches: Mr. Delk, Mr. Coburn, Mr. Rezanka, Mr. Maohacek, Mr. Garber, Mr. Sears. The Lettermen's Club is an organization that all future athletics want to be a part of. The fellows who are members have been initiated and approved by the coaches of our school. They should be proud to represent their school and always maintain a good record for Pine River High. The Club annually sponsors the St. Patrick's Dance as their biggest moneyraising project. 13 Stage Band Front Row: Brian Robinson, Steve Weiss, Judy Davidson, Mary Gayle Klein, Linda Rexroat, Middle Row: Ivan Bowen, Bob Peterson, Pam Carlson, Bon- nie Kronschnabel, Marlayne Goldenstein, Becky Doty, Connie Kouba, Romona Anderson. Back Row: Bruce Robinson, Kris West, Scott Wolfe, Brian Doty, Mr Winch, Director. BAND The Pine River High School Band had a busy year. They held a forty-minute practice every noon hour, working hard to prepare for the upcoming events. Each member also had a weekly practice to improve their individual skills and techniques. The Band started the school year by playing at the football games and marching in the Homecoming parade. The Fall Concert was held on December 1 4-. The purchase of sweatshirts for the Pep Band to wear at sports events added distinction to the Band. After the basketball season ended, the Princeton Band arrived for an exchange concert on March 15 Our Band traveled to Princeton on March 30. The Stage Band put many hours of hard work into the musical production, Swinging High, which was performed for the public in April. The 3and ended the year with their annual Spring Concert. Front Row: Kay Edgeton, Dennis King, Jean Anderson, Nikki Behme, Grace Ek, Marilyn Anderson, Doni Kline, Cathy Swift, Joan Peterson. Second Row: Betty Johnson, Elsie Knutson, Sue Kicker, Evonne Davidson, Joanne Schuster, Cindilea Stall, Grace Gensmer, Lindsey Kayala, Laurie Raph, Penney Raph, Brian Robinson, Steve Weiss, Linda Rexroat, Mary Gayle Klein, Judy Davidson. Third Row: Pearl Swift, Peg©r Swift, Barbara Pelzl, Lois Kreller, Susan Hildebran, Colleen Ruigh, Gerald Anderson, Sally Balk, Mark Strom, Ricky King, Ivan Bowen, Cynthia Olson, Bob Peterson, Bonnie Kronschnabel, Joyce Torkelson, David Swift, 3rian Doty, Tim Velsvaag, Marlayne Goldenstein, 3ecky Doty, Connie Kouba. 3ack Row: Scott Wolfe, Betty Norman, Barb Pierce, Kris West, Anita Hedlund, Donna Nelson, David Smith, Bruce Robinson, Chuck Balk, Mr. Winch, Director. Missing: Romona Anderson. Seniors: Front Row: Penney Raph. Back Row: Kay Edge ton, Linda Rexroat, Connie Kouba, Kris West, Marilyn Anderson. Director Mr. Wind Secretary Linda Rexroat President Kay Ediretoi Vice-Presider Connie Kouba Corny Penney Marilyn v Kneeling: Cecil Carlson, Pat Coughlin, Steve Amy, Ken Lien, Tim Swltajewski, Tom Bristow. Standing: Dave Hanson, Student Manager, Mr. Machacek, Coach, George Coughlin, Mike Bris- tow, Brian Doty, Carl Christensen, Keith Gardner, Mike Orth, Dale Robideau, Mr. Garber, Assistant Coach, Joe Balk, Student Manager. VARSITY BASKETBALL First, you have to play defense... This year the Tigers were small; in fact, the smallest team in the conference, but great hustle and determination put the Tigers in third place in the Lake Region Conference. This year's record of 7 and 11 is a poor indication of the 1967-68 team. They were much stronger than most teams in the conference, and only a very cold shooting night in the first game of the Sub-District Tournaments proved to be their downfall. Coach Machacek with seniors Cec, Ken, Mike, Mike Dale, Tim. Sponsored by Shamp's Meat Market 16 Sponsored by Pfeiffer Drug WON 7—LOST 11 Pine River 56 Backus 47 Pine River 61 Walker 67 Pine River 51 Pequot Lakes 53 Pine River 64 Sebeka 46 Pine River 60 Motley 67 Pine River 56 Ramer 47 Pine River 64 Deer River 90 Pine River 51 Vemdale 63 Pine River 70 Pillager 47 Pine River 51 Backus 52 Pine River 47 Sebeka 70 Pine River 62 Menahga 75 Pine River 67 Pequot Lakes 39 Pine River 58 Motley 64 Pine River 74 Pillager 71 Pine River 57 Menahga 50 Pine River 73 Walker 80 Pine River 54 Aitkin 64 SUB-DISTRICT TOURNAMENT Pine River 49 Menahga 53 Coach Machacek; Captains Cec, Mike, and Dale. What do you mean—njy feet stink?I Kneeling: Gerald Swift, Terry Volcke, Jim Harrison, Bill Riley, Kenny Dura, Brian Robinson, Student Manager. Standing: David Smith, Student Manager, Mr. Machacek, Coach, Mike Murrer, Pat Coughlin, Roger Prigge, Arlo Knutson, Tom Zimmerman, Keith Gardner, Tom Bristow, Ted Vogt, Randy Smith, Mr. Garber, Assistant Cdach, Bruce Robinson, Student Manager. Front Row: Kerry Cox, Joe Heino, Bob Miller, Louie Rollins, Jim Filibeck, Terry Fisher. Back Row: Mr. Miller, Coach, Dan W|ynn, Doug Kuschel, Bill Satchell, Mike Haver- ley, Frank Bryant, Jon Gilchrist, Dave Hanson, Manager. TRACK Slowed down by a lack of participation due to bad weather, the 1967 track team, under the guidance of Coach Alton Miller, placed third in the Lake Region Conference. Louis Rollins was a dual winner, taking first place in the discus and the shot put. James Filibeck won first place for the Tigers in the high jump: other valuable points were won by the relay teams. The Tigers participated in the Staples relays and in the District 24 track meet at Wadena. Louis Rollins won points in the District Meet by placing second in the shot put and third in the discus. WRESTLING Seniors: Tom Soukup, Dave Fisher, Frank Howell. Coach Coburn; Captains Fisher and Soukup Despite the fact that the competition was heavy, this year's wrestling team worked very hard and did a commendable job. Their record of three wins and ten losses was not an indication of the determination which each individual put into his practice and matches. For a young team, great expectations are promised for another year. The Tigers were the hosts to the seven other teams for the District 24 Wrestling Tournament held on February 16-17. Brainerd won the team championship. Front Row: Scott Wolfe, Terry Long, Galen Minette, Nick Flategraff, Tom Soukup, Frank Rowell, Joe Cloud, Arnold Mykkanen, Rick Rowell, Douglas Jones. Middle Row: Mr. Sears. Assistant Coach, 3rock Pelzl. Dale Houg, Manager, Tony hfykkanen. Doug Gilchrist, Larry Nelson, David Peterson, Scott Kline, Dave Hanson, Manager, Mr. Cobum, Coach. Back Row: Dave Fisher, Jon Gilchrist, Tom Adamson, Sid Long, Mike Haverley, Mike Long, Bob Loons, Dale Weiss, Bemie Olson, Wayne Ross. Front Row: Dale Farnam, !ianager, Dale Robldeau, Ken Lien, Chuck Bair, Ken King, Pat Riley, Mike Riley, Mark 3ristow, Cec Carlson, Tim Switajevski, Paul Volcke, Manager, Back Row: Mr. Johnson, Assistant Coach, Steve Wolfe, Mike Long, Bill Riley, Steve Amy, Joe Balk, Mike Griep, Sid Long, Randy Smith, Bill Thiers, Terry Volcke, Nick Flategraff, Mr. Rezanka, Coach. BASEBALL Coach Rezanka with seniors Ken King, Chuck Bair, Pat Riley, Mark Bristow, Mike Riley. The Tigers, under the direction of Mr. Rezanka, tied for the conference championship and finished as runner up in the Sub-District Tournament. Teamwork plus the performance of Pat and Mike Riley, who led the Tigers throughout the season, contributed to Pine River1s success. Front Row: Carol Mc- Allister, Linda Rex-roat, Sharon Vfolken-hauer, Janice Maker, Joe 3alk. Jack Row: Maggie Wolfe, Julie Knutson, Debbi Sand-bere, Marilyn Anderson, Under the guidance of Mr. Fields, the Annual Staff worked many hours to put out an interesting and professional book. In order to learn the basic techniques, Jan Cole attended the Journalism Conference at Silker Studios in Little Falls. The Staff attended the Twenty-first Annual Journalism Conference at 3emidji State College last fall to get ideas for the 1968 Yearbook. The annual is a very time consuming activity. Other than taking pictures, layouts must be made, the content of the book must be decided, and finally the book must be put together. Although all of us worked hard to meet the deadlines and to do the assigned jobs, we wish to extend a special thanks to Jan Cole, our Editor, to Dave Hanson, our Business Manager and Photographer, and Mr. Fields for all the help he has given us. ANNUAL STAFF Editor: Jan Cole, Advisor: Mr. Fields, Business Manager: David Hanson. Front Row: Gayle Johnson, Margaret Kangas, Connie Kouba, Teresa Smith, Kris West, Annette Paten-aude. Back Row: Ag- nes Shamn, Ken Lien, Annette Olson, Kay Edgeton. Missing: Gloria Odegard, E-laine Kline. Front Row: Colleen Riley, Gayle Johnson, Dale Famam. Middle Row: Steve Amy, Mag- gie Wolfe, Margaret Kangas, Janice Baker, Carol Harrison, Claudette Foard, Annette Olson, Sandy Tollef-srud. Back Row: Julie Knutson, Joyce Rudlang, Penney Raph, Sharon Wolkenhauer, Kathy Vogt, Doug Peterson, Mike Griep, Kris West, Charlotte Foard, Judy Vargo, Jean Anderson. NEWSPAPER STAFF The purpose of the Pine Bough Staff is to put out six interesting issues a year and to learn the techniques of journalism They have made a conscientious effort to publish a paper free of typographical and grammatical errors. Last fall the Staff attended the Twenty-first Annual Journalism Conference at Bemidji State College. Various ideas on photography, editing, reporting, and other required skills necessary to produce a good paper were discussed. Due to a tragic fire, Teresa Smith was forced to resign as editor. Under the guidance of Mr. Johnson, the advisor, and Janet Travis, the assistant editor, Connie Kouba was selected to be the new editor. We wish Connie the best of luck in her new job, and to Janet vre extend all our good wishes. Feature Editor: Jan Cole, Assistant editor: Jan Travis, Editor: Teresa Smith, Advisor: Mr. Johnson. Front Row: Pam Carl- son, Judy Davidson, Sherry Peterson, Carol McAllister, Mike Hav-erley, Kathy Gilman. Middle Row: 3etty Johnson, Linda Dabill, Dora Cloud, Agnes 3'namp, Ken Lien, Barb Pierce, Linda Rexroat, Marilyn Anderson. Back Row: Annette Patenaude, Karen Du-shek, Debbi Sandberg, David Hanson, Gloria Odegard, Connie Kouba, Bonnie Kronschnabel, Beverly Norman, Gloria Martin, Laura Norman. Front Rows Dale Houg, Hike Shamp, Wayne Gregory, Conrad Bristow, Lynn Gearey. Middle Row: Patty Jones, Kathy Gilman, Leiloni Humphrey, Kay Edgeton, Agnes Shanqs, Debbi Sandberg, Debbie Taylor, Sand! Jesperson, Laurie Raph, Lucinda Raph, Barbara Pelzl. Back Row: Richard Weiss, Tom Bristow, Kerry Cox, Ken Lien, Jan Cole, Kris West, Teresa Smith, Joe Balk, Dave Hanson, Doug Peterson, Lowell Farnum, Jim Blanchard, Carol McAllister. Missing: Bonnie Kronschnabel, Linda Rexroat, Connie Kouba. STUDENT COUNCIL The Pine River Student Council, the student governing body of our school, includes class officers, organization presidents, and representatives elected by each homeroom. The Council plans many of the activities that add to the school year as well as instituting and enforcing school rules. Several new events were added by the Council to this year's activities. Sno-Daze during the week before Christmas, several sock hops after home basketball games, and a student exchange with Pequot all added interesting notes to the 1967-68 school year. The Council also sponsored our annual Homecoming on September 29 and our yearly Sponge Week, renamed Dum-Dum Daze, March 11-15. This year the Student Council discussed the new truancy law with members of the Board of Education before the law was put into effect. Also, to enforce the dress code, a student board consisting of Jan Cole, Kay Edgeton, Kris West, Kerry Cox, Joe 3alk, and Ken Lien was set up. The Student Council has done a fine job and should be commended on their efforts to make this an interesting year. Advisor! Mr. West Vice-President: Joe Balk, Treasurer: Teresa Smith, President: Ken Lien, Secretary: Kay Edgeton. 24 Advisor: Mr. Fields. Active Members: Jan Cole, Connie Kouba, Julie Knutson, Linda Rexroat, Carol McAllister, Kris West, Marilyn Anderson. Secretary: Julie Knutson, President: Jan Cole, Vice-President: Linda Rex- roat. Scholarship, leadership, character, and service— these are the qualities necessary to belong to the National Honor Society. Membership in this Society is one of the highest honors that a high school student can achieve. Although they receive little notice from the rest of the students, the members must work hard to maintain the standards required by the Society. After being selected the students must serve a year of probation before they become active members. The Investiture, held in the spring to honor the members and their parents, is the highlight of the year. NATIONAL HONOR SOCIETY Probationary Members: Front Row: Annette Olson, Annette Patenaude, Jean Anderson, Jon Gilchrist, Kathy Gilman, Grace Ek, Janet Travis. Back Row: Kerry Cox, Kathy Vogt, Mike Haverley, Patty Jones, Barb Pierce. Front Row: Dale Weiss, David Zimmerman, Tom Adamson. Middle Row: Pearl Swift, Peggy Swift, setti Garber, Mrs. Brenness, Advisor. Back Row: Donna Nelson, Mary Jo Coughlin, Sandra Hulke. SPEECH In the past Pine River has excelled in speech and 1968 has proved to be no exception. The local contest was held on Monday, May 18, and contestants were sent into district competition from all of the following divisions: humorous interpreta- tion, serious interpretation, memorized and original oratory, extemporaneous reading, extemporaneous speaking, story telling, and discussion. Preparation for the Speech Festival involved hours of hard work for both the contestants and the coaches. Mrs. Kellett advised the senior high speakers, and Mrs. Brem-ness coached the junior high students with their selections. Though speech work involves tremendous effort, most contestants agree that they were well rewarded for their endeavors. Front Row: Grace Ek, Marilyn Anderson, Mrs. Kellett, Advisor, Kathy Vogt, Annette Olson, Janet Travis, Linda Rexroat, Barb Pierce. Middle Row: Joyce Rudlang, Judy Vargo, Tom Soukup, Joanne Hulke, Carol McAllister, Gayle Johnson, Kay Edgeton, Cheryl Peterson, Martha Kangas, Kathy Gilman. Back Row: Sandy Tollefsrud, Margaret Kangas, Patty Jones, Harriet Dabill, Mike Haver-ley, Steve Any, Kris West, Dale Famam, Jon Gilchrist, Jan Cole, Judy Davidson. 26 PHOTOGRAPHY CLUB Front Row: Nick Flategraff, Joyce Rudlang, Frank Rowell, Linnea Olson. Second Row: Tim Jallen, Jim Tulenchik, Pat Smith, Gary Minette, Jon Gilchrist. Third Row: Martha Kangas, Rick Rowell, Wally Joenks, Tom Soukup, Richard Weiss, Patty Sharp, Debbie Taylor. Back Row: Dave Smith, Mike Haverley. The Pro7 The Photography Club, under the direction of Mr. David Goddard, flourished in 1967-68. The goal of the Club is to encourage students to learn the techniques involved in photography and darkroom procedure. Dave Hanson, one of the members of the Club, improved his skill with a camera and assisted with the annual by taking many of our pictures. A lecture with slides presented by Mr. Richard Barton, an expert in the field of photographic science, contributed, along with the diligent efforts of the members, to the success of the Club. Our photographer? 27 Vice-President: Mike Griep, Advisor: Mr. Goddard, President: Dave Hanson, Secretary-Treasurer: Judi Vargo. I Margaret Wolfe I Pine River Journal I Ellsworth Jewell HU Agnes ihamp Ml Tollefsrud Motor Co. The Minnesota Diversified Vocational Club has had a very active year. The rifle raffle, candy sales, toothbrush sale, clothing drive, and meetings with officers from other clubs were some of our projects. The employer-employee banquet was held in the spring. Erickson's 3ody Shop VI Jerry Mills H W Welding Elementary School Library Day's Machine Shop Silbaugh's Dept. Store Didn't think you'd make it. Take Her. She's Mine, by Phoebe and Henry Ephron, was presented on November 18-19. 1966 by the Junior Theatre. Under the direction of Mis3 Ellen Reed and the student direction of Linda Rexroat, the cast and crew spent hours rehearsing and building the set. The play told the story of a young college girl who went away to school and learned that sophistication was not for her. Kristine West in charge of sound and Joe 3alk in charge of lighting used many difficult and advanced techniques. Jan Cole was in charge of properties and Annette Patenaude and Gayle Johnson were in charge of the costumes. ACT PLAYS The Leprechaun Two one-act plays, under the direction of Mrs. Kellett, were prepared for the District 29 Play Festival held in Crosby-Ironton High School on January 27, 1968. The cast of juniors and seniors, with the able assistance of the crew, worked hard to give successful performances of both The Leprechaun, by Rugh Angell Purkey, and Three on A Bench, by Doris Estrada. Of the two plays, Three on A Bench, with a cast of four, was chosen to represent Pine River at the contest where it received a C rating. 3oth plays were presented at the high school and the elementary school. CHRISTMAS DANCE I think my ulcers are acting up. Seniors Tim and Joanne. The Christmas Dance was held on December 22, 1967. Candidates for Snow Prince and Princess were: 7th grade—Sheila Riley and John Eckman; 8th grade—Mary Kay Gilman and Dale Weiss; 9th grade—Beth Volcke and Jim McAllister. Sophomores Linnea Olson and Tom Tulenchik; Juniors Carol Harrison and Kerry Cox; and Seniors Joanne Hulke and Tim Switajewski were candidates for Snow King and Queen. Norbert Ackerman, 1966 Snow King, was there to crown Tim Switajewski as his successor. Linnea Olson was crowned as the new Snow Queen by Kathy Gilman since the 1966 Snow Queen, Sharon Wolkenhauer, was unable to attend. Mary Kay Gilman and Dale Weiss were crowned as Snow Prince and Princess. Many people enjoyed the festivities and the music provided by the Bitter Ends. I'm dreaming of a White Christmas. Wake me up when it's over. n 32 Grand March IN THE MISTY MOONLIGHT Th« Junior Cla«9 o' Pine River High School The Junior-Senior prom was held on Saturday, May 13. 1967. at eight in the evening in the Pine River High School Auditorium. The theme was In The Misty Moonlight and the juniors spent long, hard hours at the task of decorating. The center of the floor was accented by a bridge over a small lilly pond and a revolving mirror ball hanging from the ceiling reflected the lights. The junior class owes much to the decorating chairman, David Hanson, and our advisor, Mr. Thompson. The banquet was served by members of the sophomore class. The girls wore tent dresses of pastel shades and the boys wore matching sashes at their waists. The program for the evening began with the welcome speech from the Junior Class President, Cecil Carlson, followed by the acceptance speech given by Duane Norby. The Class Prophecy was read by Mike Bristow and the Class Will by Gary Gilman. Songs were sung by Jim Filibeck. Music for the evening was provided by the Royal Covingtons. It was a very memorable occasion for all. Presents I THE MISTY MOONLIGHT Saturday Evening May Thirteenth Nineteen hundred sixty-seven MENU llam Sweet Potatoes Green Beans Jello Salad Relishes Dinner Rolls Coffee or Milk Punch Strawberry Ice Cream Dainty Cookies Smile! You're On Candid Camera. 33 The trend for boys in 68 was long hair in front. Both long and short hair were in for the girls. Pea coats were in for both boys and girls this year; furry coats were also popular. Many girls wore knee-high leather boots for the winter weather. 34 The girls wore a variety of dress styles such as the A-line tent, baby-doll, turtleneck, and the cage dress. Sweaters, vests, or blazers were seen on the girls. Textured stockings were very popular, also. NSH!0 Loop-knit sweaters were popular with the boys this year. The girls wore round or square-toed shoes with wide heels and the boys were seen wearing wing-tips. 35 FUTURE HOMEMAKERS OF AMERICA Historian: Judy Vargo, Vice-President: Bonnie Kronschnabel, President: Gayle Johnson, Treasurer: Claudette Foard, Advisor: Mrs. Lofstron. Parliamentarian: Holly Thompson, Secretary: Linda Rexroat. The Pine River Chapter of the Future Homemakers of America was reorganized this year and it became a more active organization in our school. Soon after it was reorganized, several members attended the district meeting at Bertha, Minnesota and later in the fall a pizza party was held one afternoon after school. Nearly everyone participated and it proved to be a lot of fun. Mrs. Lofstrom, our advisor, hopes that next year will be even better for the local chapter of the raA. Kneeling: Mary Voges, Carol Peterson, Linda Peterson, Edith Cusey. Second Row: Pat Fils- myer, Carol Lovegreen, Mary Jo Coughlin, Mary Arnold, Dora Cloud. Third Row: JoAnn Tollef-srud, Carol Voges, Betty Norman, Laura Norman, Linda Dabill, Carol Richards, Joyce Rudlang, Linnea Olson, Debby Taylor, Sue Kicker. Fourth Row: Linda Nelson, Har- riet Dabill, Jan Travis, Nancy Cusey, Patty Shamp. Back Row: Lucinda Raph, Charlotte Foard, 3everly Norman, Betty Johnson, Vickie Kelsey, Sand! Jes-person, Martha Kangas, Kathy Foard, Joan Rudlang. Linda Rexroat Class Motto: Listen To Others But Decide For Yourself. Sharon Wolkenhauer When people your decisions try to sway. Joanne Hulke 9e careful of accepting all they say. Kay Edgeton Timothy Svitajewski 41 Mary Kreller But yet your best attention you should lend. Annette Patenaude And heed the helpful things they recommend. John Mottling Rose Flategraff «r� Robin Fuhrer Linda Eastvold Terry Swift Diane Cusey Determining the values that they hold. Deborah Sandberg Agnes Shamp Douglas Wynn Milton Kottschade Advice from others can so often be Gloria Odegard David Fisher Our leader OxydolJ! 3o—you didn't knowl Here cones the bride... Togetherness After hours Anybody lookin'? 31eeping Beauty SENIOR SNAPS Baby, it's cold outsidel The butler did it. JUNIORS Front Row: Caroline Richards, Joyce Rudlang, Cathy Gilman, Jon Gilchrist, Dan Wynn, Conrad Volk, Judith Davidson, Jean Anderson, Judith Vargo, Middle Row: Linda Dabill, Claudette Foard, Charlotte Foard, Betty Johnson, Dora Cloud, Romona Andersor Pamela Carlson, Beverly Norman, Karen Dushek. Back Row: Grace Ek, Richard Davis, Marlin Torkelson, James Taray, Larry Peterson, Roger Wynn, Roger Thiers, Gary East-void, Tom Ackerman, Sandra Tollefsrud. Front Row: Dennis King, Carol Harrison, Patricia Jones, Dale Farnum, Kathleen Vogt, Barbara Pierce, Janet Travis, Tim Jallen. Middle Row: Melvin Israelson, Dwight Johnson, Ralph Hulke, Harriet Dabill, Robert Peterson, Kelly Huffman, Kerry Cox, Sid. ney Long, Doug Peterson, Bonnie Kronschnabel. Back Row: Rick Rowell, George Cough- lin, Donald Lohse, 3rian Doty, Jesse Dabill, Mike Haverley, Paul Volcke, Carl Christensen, Bill Voges, Steve Amy. 50 SOPHOMORES Front Row: Jerry Raph, Bill Thiers, Martin Heino, Cathy Swift. Deborah Balken, Mike Harrington, Steven 3asore, Mary Dougherty, I ren Mur re r, Becky Doty, Forest Rothwell, Terry Volcke, Steven Martin Middle Row: Peter Turner, Pat Smith, David Sandberg, Kenneth Dunn, Deborah Taylor, Duane Williams, Richard Weiss, JoAnn Tollefsrud, Pat Coughlin, Tom Tulenchik, Gordon Shellenberger, Victor Olson. Back Row: Gary .tatros, Daniel Mick, Alan Peterson, Tom Bristow, Arlo Knutson, Linda Nelson, Tom Zimmerman, David Smith, Wally Joenks, Mike Bunn, Roger Prigge, Conrad Satre, Bill Satchell Front Row: Duane Heofs, Don Volk, Steven Feakes, Gerald Swift, Dennis Werke, Linda Renn, Vickie Goldenstein, Steven Wolfe, Nick Flategraff, John Terwilliger, Arnold Jtjrkkanen, Jim Tulenchik. Middle Row: Sandy Jesperson, Holly Thompson, Kathy Foard, Suzette Chantland, Cheryl Peterson, Marjorie Israelson, Jim Harrison, Martha Kangas, Linnea Olson, Debbi Kline, Gloria Mitchell, Vickie Kelsey. Back Row: Lila Eastvoid, Anita Jones, Joyce Johnson, Patty Shamp, Nikki 3ehme, Mary Gayle Klein, Charlotte Peterson, Carol Stephen, JoAnn Schuster, Colleen Erickson, Lucinda Raph, Joan Rud-lang, Monica Nelson. 51 FRESHMEN Front Rows Ivan Bowen, Darlene Matros, Lois Kreller, Marjean Frimood, Todd Swit-ajewski, Maurice McAllister, Sandra Hulke, Dave Taray, Ricky Siltman, Scott Wolfe, Carol Voges, Vilee Frimood, Kurt Rothwell, Jim Terwilliger. Middle Rows Phyllis Zupon, Marlayne Goldenstein, Joyce Torkelson, Karen Neuman, Mary Arnold, Jerry Sat-chell, Mike Shamp, Ricky King, Lola Ecker, Beth Volke, Gaylen Minette, Tim Mills, Robert Schulte. Back Rows Joe Cloud, Kathy Holtz, Susan Kicker, Edith Cusey, Carol Lovegreen, Janice Dushek, Steven Schoon, Patricia Filsmeyer, Carol Peterson, Linda Peterson, Jan Udseth, Sally 3alk. Front Rows Lynn Gearey, Rick Rowell, Mary Voges, Roger Aokerman, Da .d 3aenger, Linda Ytterdahl, Mary Coughlin, Sharon Schoon, Lynn Raph, Anita Hedlund, Judy Staples. Middle Rows Lindsey Kayala, Ted Vogt, Steve Wannebo, Beverly Pitlick, Jane Stinson, Peggy Swift, Randy Smith, Bruce Robinson, Ted Murrer, Pat Maas, Steven Cox, Daniel Norman. 3ack Rows Pearl Swift, Margaret Dougherty, Shirley Vargo, Trissie Joenks, 3etty Garber, Nancy Cusey, Keith Gardner, Walter Peterson, Mike Long, Tom Arnold, Allen Glover, Lowell Famum, Jim McAllister. 52 Front Row Lavem Volk, Richard Taray, Nancy Newman, Darrel Goochey, Laurence McAllister, Wayne Ross, Gary 3echser, Randy Sllbaugh, Scott Kline, Merlyn Johnson, Deanna Hanson, Dale Houg, David Swift. Middle Row: Pam Carlson, Linda Tulenchik, Bonnie Barnhart, Evonne Davidson, Janice Glover, Delores Ytterdahl, Clyde Renn, Julie Matros, Sharon Holtz, Mary Kay Gilman, Judy Stephan, Faith Ann Arboleda, John Mykkanen. Back Row: Kaye Wolfe, Sharon Joenks, Shirley Wemmer, Diane Dushek, Julia Krarap, Carol Peterson, Colleen Ruigh, Steven Weiss, David Smith, Greg Leverington, Michael Peterson, Rick Edgeton, Terry Long, Tim Burnett. Front Row: Alana Houg, Jerry Anderson, Steven Mick, Tim Strom, Cathy McCoy, Dan Bridge, Bill Stanforth, Wayne Gregory, Brian Robinson, Ted White, George Oberfell, Mary Borman, Sharon Roubal, Darene Shamp. Middle Row: David Zimmerman, Joanne Turner, Elaine Eckraan, Darlene Lohse, Brenda Glover, Linda Richards, Susan Poluch, John Knott, Duane Goochey, Larry Stall, Bernard Olson, Carl Kreller, Tom Adamson, Dale Weiss. Back Row: Sharon Garrett, Bonnie Buss, Clay Schulte, Sandra Odegard, Brock Pelsi, James 31anchard, William Wayt, Richard Blanchard, Rebecca Dabill, Larry Wolkenhauer, Doug Kusehel, Donovan Coulter, Mike Rubey. 53 SEVENTH GRADE Front Row: Terry Switajewski, Billy Smith, John Riley, Douglas Gilchrist, Tim Vels-vaag, Rose Price, Dee Ann Cox, Margaret Arnold, Carrie Renn, Susan Hildebran. Middle Row: Jack Gard, Delsie Lohse, Donna Kreller, Cindilea Stall, Betty Geams, Dar- win Ingberg, Connie Johnson, Charlene Davis, Marie Brogle, Douglas Jones, Melody Glover. Back Row: Naomi Sams, Mike Lael, Jerry Frimood, Ronnie Tollefsrud, Conrad Bristow, Linda Larsen, Mary Martinson, Darlene Ingberg, Grace Ginsmer, Patty Jones, Stephen Windorski, Cynthia Olson. Front Row: Mark Strom, Diane Frame, Leona Benson, Doni Kline, Donna Matros, David Roubal, Duane Werke, Rod Kline, Vicki Eckman, Roger Martin, Wanda Cadwe11, Tony fykkanen, David Rudlang. Middle Row: Diane Ackerman, Joann Holz, Tom Terwilliger, David Peterson, Corlene Haff, Chuck Long, Donna McCormick, Leiloni Humphrey, Dale Ecker, Suzanne Nenoff, Ray Torkelson, Chuck Balk, Donna Harrington, Ralph Dougherty. Back Row: Sheilla Riley, Susan Brown, Joel Flategraff, Barbara Pelzl, Lynn Satchel! Marilyn Jacobs, Rose Feakes, Rebecca Pohl, Sandi Kelsey, Christine Swift, Elsie Knutson, Gearey Kline, Gary Ecker. 54 Superintendent: Mr. James Filibeck. ADMINISTRATION The class of 1968 wishes to express its appreciation to the administrators of Pine River High School. Although their many services are often taken for granted, they go beyond their ex -pected duties by offering counsel and encouragement to the students. Through their diligent efforts we have been offered opportunities in academic and extra-curricular fields comparable to those of much larger school systems. Principal: Mr. Allan Fields. 55 Special Educationt Mr. Goddard, Spanish) Mr. Manetas, Librarians Miss Larson. Sponsored by Gambles Furniture and Appliance Mathematics: Mr. Skalsky, Mrs. Sontag, and Mr. Coburn. Physical Education: Mrs. Dullum and Mr. Sears. English: Mrs. Kellett, Mrs. Russeth, Mrs. Bremness, and Miss Reading. Home Economics: Mrs. Lofstrom and Mrs. Lueck. Shop: Mr. Garber and Mr. Thompson. FACULTY The class of 1968 owes much to the faculty of Pine River High School. Through the years they have given us knowledge, guidance, and friendship. Much of the development of our character can be attributed to their dedicated efforts. Discipline when needed, praise when deserved, and constructive criticism have all helped to prepare us for the future. For these many services we are sincerely grateful. Physical Education: Mrs. Techam Science: Mr. Nelson, Mr. Miller and Mr. Lind. Business Education: Mr. West and Mr. Johnson. Student Teachers: Mr. Anderson, Mr. Trueblood, Mrs. Mclnnis, Mr. Guida. Cooks: Edith Ross and Mabel Hand, Secretariesi Frances Qualley, Beverly Tulenchik, and Joyce Vogt. PERSONNEL Throughout the past five years, the senior class of Pine River High School has often called upon the personnel. Many times their work has gone unnoticed and we wish to take this opportunity to express our gratitude for their many services. Kneeling: Leonard Trust, Herbert Hecht, Madge Dura, Chuck Buss, Roger Williams, Floyd Farr, Larry Campbell. Standing: Jerry Campbell, Cub Min- ette, Edwin Dura, George Dabill, Gerald Hoefs, Fred Weiss, Peter Jewell, Warren Leek, Walter Norman. Not Shown: Richard Rubey. Custodians: Henry Stine and Norbert Ackerman. Nurse: Mrs. Pauline Griep. 58 ARROW LAND BUSINESS • HOMES • LAKESHORE • FARMS D. E Robinson and Associates Pine River In The Beautiful Country OFFICE PHONEi 587-4471 CARLS FOOD MARKET INC. FRESH MEATS • PRODUCE . VEGETABLES SHOP WITH CONFIDENCE AMPLE FREE PARKING PHONE: 5S7-4M 9 INC OUPOU Ml 1) Pine River NORTHLAND FUNERAL HOME EFFICIENT AND RELIABLE 2k HOUR SERVICE SPACIOUS CHAPEL AND FACILITIES Owned and operated by Mrs. J. A. Brezinsky Member of N. F. D. A. PHONE: 587-4412 TOLLEFSRUD MOTOR CO. CHRYSLER, PLYMOUTH, DODGE SALES AND SERVICE PINE RIVER ACE SERVICE STATION Gas for less GARDINER HARDWARE Furniture-Zenith TV Paul A Kenneth Gardiner Pine River ACE SNACK BAR and TOP LOADING MACHINES Jim A Betty Harrison Don A Alpha Haff Pine River BILL'S SKELLY SERVICE A JOHNSON DISTRIBUTING Pine River BRADFIELD'S V STORE You Always Get More Price, Quality, Selection At Your Home-Owned V Store 587-2 70 Pine River Serving you around the clock. HARDWARE HANK Pine River, Minnesota L. M. SEVEREID AGENCY Service of all kinds Insurance-Bonds-Other Phone 587-237 M. W. Gregory L. M. Severeid PINE RIVER CLINIC Dr. Charles Pelzl Pine River PINE RIVER STATE BANK Complete Banking and Insurance Services Pine River CO AST-TO-COAST Lewis Famum, Owner Pine River H W WELDING SWENSON CONSTRUCTION Pine River DURKEE MANUFACTURING COMPANY Pine River Guy Wannebo 3ulldozing-Excavating-Grading Free Estimates Phone Ideal Corners 3 3-4780 Guy Wannebo Pine River. Minnesota BEST WISHES TO CLASS OF 1968 Dr. Gerald Fields Lumber Supplies Building Hardware Pine River KEN'S IGA MARKET Lowest Everyday Prices Pine River KLEIN'S SPORT CENTER BARBER SHOP A BUS DEPOT PINE RIVER LOCKER CO. Don D. Lundrigan PHILLIPS 66 PRODUCTS KOUBA'S TACKLE Attorney-at-Law Marv A Joe Zigmund Lorraine A Ernie Kouba Pine River Pine River OLIN BEN FRANKLIN A OLIN REXALL DRUG Pine River OLSON'S COFFEE SHOP Homemade Pastries Home-Cooked Meals Big Hamburgers French Fries Delicious Malts PINE MOTOR CO. CHEVROLET AND OLDSMOBILE Glen MacMillan PINE RIVER MOTEL SILBAUGH'S DEPT. STORE SMITH'S PINE RTVER FEED CO. Pine River Pine River Home-Owned Feed-Seeds-Fertilizer Independent Dept. Store Exclusive Nutrena Dealer Walter Sllbaugh Pine River Phone 587- 55 WILSON'S Paint and Specialties Wallpaper Floor and Wall Tile Don A Lola Wilson GILCHRIST REALTY Business Opportunities Resorts Lake Homes A Lake Shore VERN'S 3AR3ER SHOP One Block North of Bank Pine River Dr. F. D. Armstrong Veterinarian 587-2 38 PINE RIVER BODY SHOP Ken Erickson Pine River GODDARD'S RED OWL Pine River ANDERSCN AUTO ELECTRIC Your Automotive Parts Distributor Pine River GRAVDAHI— ROBIDEAUX John Deere Pequot Lakes HOUSTON MOTOR COMPANY Ford Sales Service Pine River AQUA WASH LAUNDROMAT Pine River CHRISTY'S PLUMBING Fairbanks Morse Pumps Elmer Christensen Son Ph. 587-4510 Pine River FARMERS STATE 3ANK Pequot Lakes PINE RIVER LANES We Have Certified Instructors Martin Ruigh GRIEP'S JEWELRY 587-4429 Keep-sake Diamond Rings Pine River SHERWOOD'S Standard Oil Products Johnson Motors McCulloch—Pioneer Chain Saws Sales and Service COFFEE TORSKE'S Kermit Torske Pine River HARDWARE A AUTO PARTS Evard A Natwick Pine River BOB'S TEXACO The Best Friend Your Car Ever Had Pine River BYE'S BEAUTY SHOP One Block North of Bank 587-2177 BRYANT'S RECREATION John G. Bryant Pine River PINE RIVER READY-MIX Floyd Smith Pine River PINE RIVER BAKERY Frank A Edna Knutson DAM SITE STORE A A A W Rootbeer John Gearas MARY JANE'S BEAUTY NOOK Pine River UNITED FARM AGENCY REAL ESTATE National Advertiser Box 113 Pine River DAIRY QUEEN Don A Carol Johnson Pine River W. C. DAY WELDING SHOP Pine River 587- 502 LANEWEHR TAXIDERMY Pine River 587-2126 PINE WOOD CAFE Across From Railroad Depot in Pine River Special Sunday Dinners ROSE PLUMBING AND HEATING Henry Rose Pine River SOLAR GAS Natural Gas Anywhere Pine River PINE RIVER JOURNAL Read It Every Week Pine River GARRETT FLYING SERVICE Minor and Major Aircraft Repairs Pine River MARLOW THEATRES John Rohr COMMUNITY OIL Gas A Oil Pine River In Review INTERNATIONAL EVENTS 1. British hippies claim that their aim is different from that of American hippies they don't want to drop out” of society, but to stay m and change it 2. French President Charles DeGaulle stirred up a lot of controversy during 1967-here he explains why he feels Britain should not be a Common Market member 3. Soldiers of the U S. 4th Infantry Division rest atop Hill 1338 following a fierce battle with the North Viet namese for the hill in the Dak To area 4 Israeli soldiers fly their flag from a mosque m the Sinai desert captured by the Israelis during the short lived Arab Israeli war in June of 1967. 5. Waving red-colored booklets of Mao s quotations, pro-communist Chinese swarm in front of the Governor's House during May demonstrations in Hong Kong. 6. Mrs. Svetlana Alliluyeva, daughter of the late Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin, was a bit surprised that her defection created so much stir in the U. S. K ( -■ 7 In lone. Soviet Premier Alexei N. Kosygin came to the United States to address the UN about the Arab Israeli war and later talked with President Johnson. 8 An Army vehicle bears the casket of former West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer from Cologne Cathedral. April 25. following a Requiem Mass. 9. Suits came back into fashion during 1967 This one was designed by Lito Manalang for a young fashion house, the year old British Moderns of New York. 10 This wide angle view of the moon's hidden side was taken on August 6. 1967 and transmitted back to the Jet Propulsion lab in Pasadena. California. 11 Heavy monsoon rams turned most of South Viet nam into a quagmire during the summer of 1967. Here. U S. marines prepare to board a Chinook helicopter. 12 President Johnson, shown here in Vietnam, staunch ly defended the nation's participation in the Vietnam war despite widespread protests and demonstrations.