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Page 17 text:
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M3414 1 Admini 5'Yr'o'YiQh
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Page 16 text:
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A HISTORY OF ONEONTA N EARLY days Mohawk and Algonquin roamed the hills of Oneonta. The Mohawks, a tribe of the Iroquois nation, owned all the land from the St. Lawrence River to Cooperstown. Along the banks of the Susquehanna lived the tribe which gave its name to that river. The name Oneonta itself is of Indian origin, and some take it to mean where it is stony. Another old Indian name is Otsego, The most generally accepted meaning is place of rock, after the boulder which lies off-shore in Otsego Lake at the source of the Susquehanna River. Although the Indians had no written language. so that exact translation is difficult, Susquehanna was supposed to mean Long Wind- ing Waters. Schenevus was probably the place where corn was hoed early, so named because the soil is warmer there in the spring than in the hills. There is an ancient Indian legend which states that it was in Manaho Gorge at Schenevus that Oneonta, beautiful daughter of the blind chieftain, Schenva, plunged to her death alter her father refused her hand in marriage to a young Delaware brave. Not far above the present site of Oneonta, it is said, .James Fenimore Cooper sat beneath the old covered bridge which spanned the Susquehanna and wrote parts of his famous Indian tales which immortalized the Mohicans, an Algonquin tribe. Before the Revolutionary War the territory surrounding Oneonta was the scene of many conflicts between different Indian tribes who desired it. The Delawares, who lived along the Delaware River, had possessed the upper Susquehanna River from time immemorial. However, long before the Revolution the Tuscaroras, warriors from Virginia, came up the Susquehanna from Chesapeake Bay and claimed the land as hunting ground. From that time until the beginning of the Revolution, Oneonta and its vicinity were the scene of one conflict after another, which finally ended in favor of the invading Tuscaroras. Soon afterwards this territory was held by the Six Nations. Large Indian villages were located within the boundaries of the town of Oneonta. At the mouth of the Charlotte Creek stood Adaquatingie. and Ahtigua was located at the mouth of Otego Creek. Both villages were apparently abandoned before the war of Independence. To the east of Oneonta, where Schenevus Creek ioins the Susque- hanna, stood the Indian village, Tiondadon. In I779 General CIinton's army swept down the valley from Otsego Lake to ioin General Sullivan to the west. On the way, according to various accounts, they laid waste all remaining Indian villages and homes. It is told as an old tradition that the Indians were so terrified by the Susquehanna's diminishing waters, caused by CIinton's damming up the river, that they fled from the valley, believing that the Great Spirit had turned His wrath upon them. After the passing of the army, the Indians never again made any permanent homes in this vicinity. Scattered members of the Tuscaroras and Oneidas put up temporary Ionghouses here and there, and made a living from the forests and streams. Finally, they were all removed to Oneida. An old Indian trail ran westward from the Schoharie Fort, followed the Schenevus Creek to its mouth, then crossed the Susquehanna and winding along the northern bank,
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