Oakfield High School - Oak Leaves Yearbook (Oakfield, WI)

Text from Pages 1 - 112 of the 1909 volume:

THE OAK LEAVES PUBLISHED BY THE STUDENTS OF THE OAKFIELD HIGH SCHOOL a OAKFIELD, WISCONSIN 1909 FOREWORD We greet the friends, as forth we send Our little High School treasure,— A memory of happy days. To answer thy best pleasure. Tis but a humble volume true. But it wafts a fragrance fair. Of the pleasure in our High School days,-Those days beyond compare. And so we dare to send it forth. This emblem of youth' day. Trusting twill touch an answering chord. And drive dull care away. EDITORIAL STAFF Editor-in-Chief Business Manager Junior Associate Editor -Sophomore Associate Editor Freshman Associate Editor Faculty Representative Jennie Pratt Claude Cragoe Jennje Norton Mariem Smith Della Parduhn L. G. Curtis FON D DU LAC PRINTING AND BINDING COMPANY . ure. DEDICATION We respectfully dedicate this volume to A, N. McChain, G. H. Moore, M. D., and W. E. Bristol whose work as members of the Board of Education has, thru their untiring efforts in behalf of the betterment of our school, been highly appreciated by the students of the Oakfield High School. A. N. McCHAlN. W. E. BRISTOL. C. H. MOORE, M. D. 9akftclt fidjool While we are in need of great Cni versifies and Colleges, we need equally good High Schools. Mere size is entirely unimportant. If the spirit of scholarship can he maintained in a small institution, several of them may he more useful to society than one large High School. There is a certain psychological limit of size beyond which organization becomes increasingly difficult, while a well organized small school renders to its students the greatest value. Oakfield High School is one of these small schools performing educational functions with great efficiency to its students. The teachers work as a unit and are competent to guide and direct the policy of the institution. Each teacher is held responsible for the whole to the whole. Each is a friend to every student, knows every student, his strength and his weakness, and each student is an intrigal part of the institution. Oakfield High School is one of these small schools, performing educational functions with great efficiency to its students. The Oakfield High School offers two strong courses of study to its students, is well equipped for its work, and is equal to any High School in the state of its size. It has a good building an excellent library and a well equipped laboratory. Several student organizations of tlu school make its school life pleasant and beneficial. The German Circle, organized by the influence of Miss Breitkreutz, serves the function of a factor in the social life of the school and makes the work of the German classes more efficient and practical. The lyceum gives the student body opportunities of public speaking, parliamentary practice, and social ease of unquestionable value to students in future life. The athletic asssociation has taken charge of all athletic sports and are now maintaining teams in foot ball, base ball, basket ball, tennis and field sports. The Oakfield High School courses of study are adapted to the needs of students. Thru them the practical side of life is developed and the student is given a training that will lit him better for the various occupations in life. The course is based upon the principle of training the student to do things by developing the power to do, to accomplish by accomplishing daily tasks of school life. The school has a strong corps of instructors. M iss Binnie has charge of the department of English and American History. Miss Breitkreutz, the department of German and Commercial subjects, and Principal Curtis of Mathematics and Science. Miss Watson, Miss duttin and Miss Donaldson have charge of the work in the Grammar, Intermediate and Primary Departments. The functions of a school board are performed by C. II. Moore M. I)., A. N. McChain and W. E. Bristol. To the interest and efforts of this board, to the earnest work of its teachers and to Principal L. G. Curtis the school owes its greai efficiency and progress. OAKFIELD HIGH SCHOOL THE TRUE CITIZEN “The ideal citizen is the man who believes that all men are brothers, and that the nation is merely an extension of his family.” Such a man will try in every way to better the condition of his country as he would his own family, and if he be a true citizen, he will place his country’s interests above those of his own. A true citizen will be well mentally, morally and physically. I am going to deal with the development of the moral side with a view of showing how a higher grade of citizenship may be established. But this moral side must not be the only one to be highly developed for the other two must be developed co-equally with it. A person generally proves to be a detriment to society in whom any one of the three is highly developed to the exclusion of the other two. An old writer has said, “Cultivate the physical exclusively, and you have an athlete or savage, the moral only, and you have an enthusiast or a maniac; the intellectual only, and you have a diseased oddity,--it may be a monster. It is only by wisely training all of them together that the complete man may be found.” Ever in life our attention is called to treatises dealing, more or less, with citizenship from the educational and the political points of view, but the other side of citizenship—the higher, the moral and ethical—is sadly neglected. In the path of life there are two trails. One lies upon the highlands where, as we climb higher, our toil gradually becomes easier. Flowers grow by the wayside and upon it the rays of the sun linger the longest. The other path lies on the lower fields where gloomy shadows gather long before the close of day. The true citizen follows the upward path and, as he draws nearer to the goal, his toil is crowned with success. This crown is the result of years of industry, perseverance, courage, honesty and faithfulness to duty. The follower of the lower path has been drawn there by the practice of procrastination, by the lack of self respect, courtesy, ambition and noble ideals. He looks back over his shoulder with longing as he presses onward. The life which a true citizen leads is formed by his ideals. What should these be? In prominence stands a warm fervor for his country with a strong desire to do something worthy of it; then the knowledge that life itself is the only thing worth knowing and not false standards; and finally that, as character is the greatest force in the world, he is going to be a man. Our success depends upon ideals like these. We can truly say that if a person aspires to be the most accomplished cheat ami succeeds in this, when compared with another man, he will still be below the man who has honestly striven to accomplish some good end, but has failed. Tho the former may lie educated intellectually and may speak words of learning and religion, he is still low. Therefore it is necessary, if our life is to be a success, to have high ideals. “No man ever really does a great thing who loses his character in the process” dust as soon as it is found that a man is going to preserve his manhood and stand by his ideals, against all opposite inducements, he becomes a power in the world. He is also the cause of leading many other persons to partake of a life like that. These ideals must be developed in the child and so the parents, teachers and associates are responsible, in this sense, for the standards of our citizens. The strength or a nation is not measured by the quantity of its natural resources and the amount of its possessions but by its citizens, and their character depends upon the character of their homes, their training and their associates. When we leave the home roof, our foundation as a citizen has been laid and insomuch as we loved our homes, so we will love our country. The home of our New England ancestors is the corner-stone of the United States citizenship. These homes were very simple in structure and lacked many of the conveniences which we enjoy to-day. But these people were strongly united by the ties of love, reverence and loyalty. Here the children had constant examples of riyid respect to duty, conscientiousness, strong courage and strict obedience. '1 hese children became men and women of character and developed into citizens of the highest order. If trained in such a home, the children of today will grow up with strong, firm characters and will be powers in their communities. It is in the family that we first learn the rules of government and to respect the rights of others. t hese are the fundamental rules which govern the town, state and nation. These are so made as to give to the individual as much freedom as will not infringe upon the rights of others. To accomplish this end, each separate township needs men who will inspire respect and command confidence. In the different communities, for this general welfare of all, are officers to look after the public schools, the poor, the highways, and other public property. It is their business to provide for the protection against fire, the offenders of the Jaw and to attend to the other general business of the town. These officers should be trustworthy men who will be willing to spend a good share of their time in this work. It is not necessary that every true citizen should fill one of these offices and thereby be serving his fellow-men, but he should use power of voting so that these places will be filled with noble men not only voting for them himself but trying to persuade other voters to do likewbe. He will try to bring about measures which will raise the standards of his neighbors, intellectually, morally and circumstantially. “Ours is a government of the people and is no better nor worse than the people make it.” This shows the need of true citizens both in office and among the voters. “God give us men. A time like this demands Strong minds, great hearts, true faith and ready hands. Men whom the lust of office does not kill; Men whom the spoils of office cannot buy; Men who posses opinions and a will: Men who have honor—men who wilt not lie; Men who can stand before a demagogue And scorn his treacherous flatteries without winking; Tall men, sun-crowned, who live above the fog In public duty, and in private thinking. ' 'Phe motto of every citizen should he, “The best means to promote the greatest good to the greatest number.” If all practice this it will bring the greatest general happiness to the country. There is something seriously wrong with the government of a nation if a large portion of its population is discontented. The true citizen will try to find the cause of this trouble and then use all of his influence to correct this defect. Many of the corruptions in our government exist not by the desire of our citizens but because of their ignorance of the presence of such evils. This brings out the great need for the purification of the ballot-box. This can l e best carried out by having a strict educational qualification for the voters. They should be able to read and write and at least have been a resident of the United States for ten years. A voter, not having these qualifications, can not be expected to understand the laws, customs and needs of our country; without these qualifications, such consequently become inefficient voters and citizens. The true citizen promotes this progress of civilization in the world by striving for measures which will bring more comforts to mankind and lessen their needs. The real man has the power of turning his inward thoughts upon himself and can judge his own strength with a view of putting it to the best uses. He will know for what he is best fitted and thus will not waste his time and energy in some occupation for which he is not adopted. If this simple practice were taken up by all, it would lessen the dissatisfaction and discouragements of mankind and each one’s natural talent could be extended to its fullest capacities; thereby doing the most good. Everywhere we see evidences of the good which is accomplished by our noble and true citizens. Abraham Lincoln has been endeared to the American people by his kindliness, honesty and lowliness of manner. He was undazzled by power or place and his moral courage which supported him against adverse politicians and hostile criticism, made him a citizen of the highest degree. Emerson always considerate and respectful of the rights of others, showed, not only by his books, but by many little acts of kindness and courtesy that he constantly bettered the condition of mankind. Gladstone is another good example of true citizenship in his labors for England and Ireland. Among the women are Francis Willard, Florence Nightingale and Harriet Stowe each of whom labored faithfully for the enlightenment of their fellow beings. Why is it, that in spite of the flight of time the reputation of these people grows larger? It is notso much the great works which they have accomplished as it is their pure, noble characters that have impressed their many admirers. What powerful illustrations these are of the fact that character is the greatest force in the world. With like characters we all become citizens of the highest order. We may not have the world renown that these people have but we can imitate them by keeping a clear record and tho we may find ourselves in just such a small circle, we can still practice kindness, affection, helpfulness, humility and true courtesy to our associates and thus in our small sphere we can still be true citizens. Eva Paynter THE ROMANCE OF CONQUEST The pages of history are filled with romances as entrancing and captivating as are contained in the best tales of love and adventure. There are many different phases of this historical romance, but none is more interesting than the Romance of Conquest, and to us in particular, the Romance of American conquest. Between the ideas of discovery and those of conquest there is a close connection. Every nation, in acquiring new territory, assumes the role of a discoverer, a claimant, a conqueror, and an organizer. If we will look back in History’s volume, to the early eighteenth century, we will find that not all nations have succeeded in carrying out these successive roles. The North American continent, tho discovered and claimed by Spanish, French, Portuguese, and English, was left, by the year 1763, almost entirely in the hands of the last who had conquered and colonized it. The years came and went. British rule continued and became oppressive. At last there dawned a day when the transplanted Englishmen, living in English colonies could no longer endure the rule of the mother country. As a result they created a new nation, giving to mankind a new name to place in the gallery of the worldpowers. The formal creation of this new nation took place on July fourth, 1776, in the form of a Declaration of Independence, by which the thirteen dependent colonies became the thirteen independent States of America. But tho this great event brings thrills of gladness to our hearts, tho we think of it with a swelling pride we must also call to remembrance the eight long years of gloomy war which followed it, in order that that Declaration might not have proven in vain, but might be instead, a glorious reality. And, when the war was ended and the independence of the little nation secured, a new and distinct race of people had been born, to us, prouder than all others,—the Americans. From that time on, this people has been making conquests of its own, and forming a Romance than which there is none more thrilling. After the United States became an independent nation, there were several years of distress and misery. The idea of a Federal government was laughed to scorn by Europeans, and the first attempt of the United States in that direction, the Confederation, prov ed a failure. But failure has never been able to discourage Americans, and a new Constitution was formed, which has ruled the people successfully ever since. Soon after the wheels of the national government had been set in revolution, the nation, obeying the true instinct of development, began to expand toward the west, crossing the hitherto impenetrable wall of the Alleghanies. There were two streams, one of New England Yankees, and one of Pennsylvanians. They met beyond the mountains and pushed on untiringly thru the great, unknown, western wilderness, lead by the desire for homesteads, and, perhaps, by the love of adventure. Another parallel procession in the South headed by Daniel Boone, crossed Kentucky and Tennessee. Soon in the valleys of the Ohio and the Cumberland, log cabins, churches, and school-houses arose showing the promise of the nation’s sure expansion. In this way began the great American Exodus, properly following the Genesis of the Constitution. While this western movement was going on. President Jefferson and some of the leading statesmen were busy in the East, laying the foundations of a broader, a greater, a nobler domain. Napoleon Bonaparte, the French ruler and dictator, surprised the Americans by offering them the large territory of Lousiana, then in his hands, for the sum of fifteen million dollars. This great tract included the grandest river valley in the world, and was one million square miles in area. President .Jefferson realized its value, and, stretching his Constitutional powers “'til they cracked,” as he himself said, he bought Louisiana, at the rate of two and one-half cents an acre. Thus the American flag, then glistening with seventeen stars, was made to float proudly over the wide west, doubling our national domain. The United States, being a progressive country, did not for long call Louisiana its latest possession. A new territory, Florida, was soon ceded to us by Spain, for the sum of five million dollars. This new land rectified our southern frontier and added sixty thousand square miles of territory to the United States. On July 10, 1820, the red and yellow flag of Spain was hauled down, and the “red, white, and blue,” with thirteen stripes and twenty-four stars, was hoisted. Our country was growing strong and powerful now, and was justly beginning to feel itself one of the national powers. Everything heretofore added to our domain had been gained by diplomacy and purchase, but a new strip of territory soon presented itself to the ambitious government as a very desirable addition to our country. Texas, then a part of Mexico, had been settled partly by westward-forging Americans, who rose in arms against Mexican anarchy, wrested the reins of government from the oppressor, founded an independent Republic, and soon applied for admission into the Union. The request, seeming very favorable, was granted, and and a state five time the size of England was soon represented on the flag. But, as was to be expected, Texas and Mexico became at once involved in serious boundary difficulties which resulted in war between the United States and Mexico. At its close the former had secured, whether fairly or unfairly, all the disputed territory and a strip of land composing New Mexico and California besides. Before the end of the Mexican affair, this ever progressing, ever-energetic country of ours was busy obtaining new territory in the far West. The great region of the North-West, between the Rockies and the Pacific, and between Russian America on the North and Mexican America on the South, lay an almost unknown region. But it was known that there were splendid mountains, rivers, and fertile lands there. In 17i 2 the foundation of the American title to Oregon was secured by the entry of Captain Gray into the Columbia river valley. American trading posts were established and in 1818 the United States and Great Britian, who also claimed the region, made a treaty for its joint occupation. American missionaries and settlers were soon pouring over the rugged mountains until the British began to be jealous of American supremacy. Happily, negotiations with Great Britian settled the disputes and brought within the sole possession of the American Government that part of the Oregon territory south of the forty-ninth parallel, thus adding to our domain a strip of land larger than Texas. Another cession of territory from Mexico at this time made the western strip still larger, and added the so-called Gadsden’s Purchase to the national domain. The country was now called to face the problem of expansion; consequently, great questions loomed up concerning the organization of all this western territory. It might have been a long time e’er these wild new regions became aught but sparsely settled, had it not been for the discovery of gold in California. When that news swept over the land, California, from having been a mere name in a romance or the geographical expression of an obscure region, was transformed into an alluring image whose face reflected light and magnetism all over the earth. Young and old, good and bad, were attracted to the Pacific slope, and in four years two hundred fifty thousand men of every sort and character were on the new El Dorado. Tho expansion and boundary questions were thus settled for a while, the Federal government was not to be left in peace. The great battle of Slavery was to be fought in Congress before it was was fought in the field. All compromises were in vain,—the North and South could not agree. We know the result, an inevitable clash between these people of one blood, one tongue and one government. The question whether this great nation of ours should keep on growing in size and wisdom and rerenown, or should be torn asunder, to lose all the power it had gained since its birth of independence, became one of momentous importance. There is no need to dwell on that war for we are all familiar with it. What we wish to emphasize here is that this nation came forth from that conflict whole and united. It had been proven once for all time by a terrible experience, indeed, that the United States was one Union, forever inseparable. After the passions of war had cooled, and the hatred and bitterness had died away, men turned once more to the ever new and enticing project of expansion. On the Pacific, the greatest of oceans, the Americans were, in their enterprise, far in advance of their possessions. Russia and England both laid claim to the power to rule navigation in the Pacific waters; and the American eagle found itself facing the new problem of trying to please both the Russian bear and the English lion. Trouble was avoided, however, by a treaty with Russia in 1867, which added to the United States territory all of Alaska, a very valuable asset. Out in the Pacific, nearly midway between America and Asia, lie a group of twelve islands, forming a land area nearly as large as New Jersey. These islands, the Hawaiian, first came under the notice of the United States, when, in 1820, fourteen of our missionaries sailed to them and founded the modern history of Hawaii. Altho the islands struggled nobly for a Christian, republican Government, internal troubles hindered them greatly and they finally petitioned the United States for admission to the Union. In 1894 the Republic of Hawaii was proclaimed and soon became and integral part of the United States. Altho the Government was thus constantly gaining new territory, it was not satisfied, but turned longingly towards that island in the Atlantic, Cuba, known more poetically and descriptively as the “Pearl of the Antilles. One hundred million dollars were offered to Spain for the island and refused. In 1895 an insurection broke out there against Spanish rule and the United States quickly recognized the new Republic of Cuba. Spain gathered all her forces to put down the uprising, as well as the one which had arisen in the Philippines, and resorted to terrible cruelty, even the peaceable Cubans being driven from their homes and left to die of disease and starvation by the tens of thousands. Our government considered it proper to exert pressure upon Spain in order to make her recognize the Independence of Cuba, but the action was resented by the Spanish. Soon affairs between the two powers grew more complicated, and when our battleship “ Maine was blown up in Havana harbor, things were brought to a climax. War was declared on the eighteenth of April, 1898, and on December tenth of the same year, Cuba and Porto Rico were in the hands of the United States Government. Meanwhile, in the farther Past our soldiers were wresting the Philippines from the Spanish, inspired by the victories in Cuba. It was not long after, that the Treaty of Peace was signed, leaving those important colonies in our possession. And then the grand old “ red, white, and blue” was hoisted in the new accessions and Spanish mle in America was ended. Thus were added to the I nited States by the force of arms, two other great territories, bringing with them, responsibility indeed, but power also, and increased domain. In the light of this great romance of conquest, so proudly wrought by our Federal Government, together with the staunch Americans supporting it, the words of Mr. McKinley, spoken at Omaha, seem to be a sure and not too optimistic prophecy for the future:— “The genius of the nation, its freedom, its wisdom, its humanity, its courage, its justice, favored by Divine Providence, will make it equal to every task and the master of every emergency. Jennie Pratt. SENIOR ROLL CALL Ralph Randall “In the spring1 a young man’s fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love.” Clara Gordon— “Fair tresses man’s imperial race ensnares And beauty draws us with a single hair.” Guli Orvis— “A rosebud set with little willful thorns.” Jennie Pratt— “Age can never wither her, Nor customs stale her infinite variety.” Maggie Smith— “A woman she seems cheerful yesterdays and confident tomorrows.” Flora Morgan— “ hat a whirlpool full of depth and thinking is her head and what a whirlpool is all the rest about her.” Phebe Crumb— “A girl convinced against her will. Is of the same opinion still.” Hugh Worthing— “The baby figure of the great form yet to come.” Claude Cragoe— “He has common sense in a way that’s uncommon, Hates humbug and cant; loves his friends like a woman.” Eva Paynter— “For I hoped by something rare To prove myself a poet. But while I plan and plan, my hair Is gray before I know it.” Harold Bennet— “An earnest, hardworking lad.” JUNIOR JROLL CALL. Ralph Atkins “ Tis sweet to love, Init oh, how bitter To sue for a rii-l and then not get her.” Carl Cragoe— “Sometimes tlie best things on earth Are done up in small parcels.” Nora Locke— “I could range the world around for sake of somebody. HOW?” Allien Sampson “ ’Tis love that makes the world go round.” Ma.vme Shraven— “Gentle she is and of good intent.” Grant Shortt— “A girl, a girl, my kingdom for a girl.” Clifford Schoonover— “A stage! A stage! where one can act and express his feelings.” Jennie Norton— “Very few women choose women as their sole companions.” Ella Messnei— “Herself alone and none other she resembles.” SOPHOMORE ROLL CALL. Harry Atkins— “Thoughts are deeds.” Lida Best— “What sunny eyes and sunset hair.” Ethel Bristol— “Her looks were deep imprinted on his heart.” Ruth Brookins— “Led by simplicity divine, She pleased, and never tried to shine.” Bessie Burns— “None knew thee but to love thee. None named thee but to praise.” Lloyd Filbey— “What’s failure or success to me?” Nellie Hitchcock— “A wide-spreading hopeful disposition is your only true umbrella in this vale of tears.” Clyde Morgan— ‘‘Yet he chuckles, and crows, and nods, and winks As if his head were full of kinks.” Kelsey Me Chain— “There's never a faster foot I trow But still he seems to tarry.” Lillian Meyers— “The voice was very soft and low, An excellent thing in a woman.” Will Orvis— “For even tho vanquished he could argue still.” Elsie Parratt— ‘She is not conscious of her worth, as a musician.” ()!ive Susan— “A snail and she could walk together and never fall out of step. Jessie Reynolds— “To say why gals act so or so. Or don’t ’twould he presumin’.” Lula Riple.v— “What a spendthrift she is of her tongue.” Chester Shortt ()n ‘ who with a Hash begins and ends in smoke.” Mariem Smith— But what care I for words.” Hazel Worthing-— Her fatal dart, sticks in his side and rankles in his heart.” FRESHMAN ROLL CALL Robbie McClain “A bright little boy with laughing face, Whose every motion is full of grace.” Eddie Me Knight— No, little Eddie, this is today; Tomorrow is always one night away.” Gertrude Jones— “Like dew on the gowan lying Is the fa’o’ her fairy feet.” Helen Hatch— “A lady of majestic mien. By stature and by beauty marked a queen. Clayton Tuppei— I know a sweet girl. With a bonnie gray eye.” Ward Large— “I'm hardy of form and feature For endurance framed aright.” Will Renolds— “Toiling, rejoicing, sorrowing, Onward thru life he goes.” Della Parduhn— “And from her earnest eyes, A serious soul is looking.” Joseph Best— “Smooth runs the water where the brook runs deep.” Bessie Cragoe— “Meekly, truthfully, and disinterestedly, she treaes the path of life.” Marie Hoppe— “Constant quite fills my peaceful breast With unmixed joy, uninterrupted rest.” Hazel Merrill— “Thy smile is a benediction and your words a delight. Howard Ripley— “() excellent young man! How much more elder art thou than thy looks! CHILD LABOR. The question of Child Labor is an old one but it is none the less important on that account. It is one upon which great writers of literature have written. Nearly all these writers are agreed that it is the urgent duty of each individual to do what he can to eliminate this great national evil To turn the searchlight on the enemy is the first maneuver of a modern battle; let us therefore look carefully into the conditions surrounding this evil before suggesting the manner of its elimination. A generation ago, this land was deluged in blood because two million negros were held in slavery, but to-day two million little, white children in this land are hurried to the factories, where their health is injured and they are deprived of the pleasures and happiness of this world. The people of the north looked upon slave trade as a great evil and lives were sacrificed, home ties broken for the purpose of freeing the negro slaves but what is being done for the million of child slaves? The negro problem was a sectional one while the child labor problem is not sectional but national. It is one in which all parts of the world are interested and one by which all are effected, for from all parts of the country, come these bitter cries from children, robbed of home and childhood. We may truly say that child labor is worse than pestilence. No doubt you have all read of the black plague and yellow fever which at times raged thru out the Orient, killing thousands of little children. They killed their victims outright l ut did not leave an ever increasing number of human beings with degenerate nerves, broken bodies, stunted minds and dwarfed souls as child labor is doing in this Republic. Let us imagine ourselves for a short time in the anthrac ite coal regions of Pennsylvania. Here twelve thousand little boys, ranging in age from nine to fourteen years, are working in the coal breakers. Outside, the mountains are clothed in deep green, above, the fleecy clouds seem to fall like soft coverlets upon the distant hills, but these little, dwarfed, deformed images know nothing of these beautiful surroundings; their lives are spent in the darkness of the mines. Here they sit bent over their tasks eight or or nine hours every day. Their backs ache with the stoop as they throw the slate and rocks aside. During the first weeks of their labor, their hands are cut and torn, yet they do not complain. One of thousands of instances which illustrate the fate of the breaker boy is given in the story of “ Little Peter Swamberg.” This little boy while working, caught his arm in the belt of the scraper line, which tore it from the shoulder. At the age of sixteen, this boy was left to fight his way in life with an empty sleeve, no pension from our government, not one cent of recompense from the rich corporation for which his right arm was sacrificed and not even the thanks of a busy world. Still his region goes on feeding its little boys to the coal breakers, to have bodies maimed and minds dwafed. “He sorted shards in the breakers. Till his fingers were bleeding and raw; He tended the whirling spindles Till his dim eyes scarcely saw. All night where the molten bubbles Are blown, his sweat must roll. And sometimes it killed his body. And sometimes—alas—his soul. Then a people woke in terror And cried aloud for men. With a past of unmatched glory They would do great deeds again. So, standing poised on the bodies Of these fallen little ones. They stretched wide hands to heaven And cried, ‘ Where are our sons' ’ He answered, the God of Nations, With a sword in his terrible hand. T gave ye sons for the rearing up Of men to maintain the land. Ye bound them to crosses and slew them Oh, ye for whom Christ died Know not that the men you pray for Are the babes you have crucified.’ ” From the coal mines let us go into a dirty, filthy, damp cellar in almost any of our large cities. Here we will find, perhaps hundreds of small boys and girls at work making paper bags at four cents a thousand. RALPH B. RANDALL HUGH O. WORTHING GU LI ELM A ORVIS CLARYA L. GORDON W hat if they never saw the blue sky by day or the stars by night, so long as they go on making this endless supply of paper bags which are so neces-sary to our well-to-do merchantsi Some will say. it is not hard work no, it is not, for the paper comes already cut in size and shape; one turn of a quick hand folds an end or a side, one sharp, little blow from a punv list and the bag is complete. But think how many blows that tired, little hand makes in a day; and the bag when finished is worth the two hundred and fiftieth part of a cent. Let us go from the cellar to a large cotton mill and watch the children as they pour out. on their way home; their clothes are covered with fine, white dust and little Hakes of lint. Could we but see into their lungs we would see that they were filled with that poisonous dust, for they inhale it all day long. Perhaps there is no form of child labor in which worse conditions exist than in the manufacture of artificial flowers. Millions of American women wear these flowers on their hats, with never a thot of how they are made. They do not see the bloom stolen from children’s cheeks to paint their roses; neither do they read on the petals of the violets, how the light has been taken from childish eyes. Twelve dozen of these adornments must be made for nine cents. Many such examples could be mentioned; but in summing them up, we may say— wrapping cheap candies in Philadelphia; making cheap cigars in cellar factories in Pittsburg; making artificial flowers in New York; rag sorting in filthy cellars; making paper bags, pasteboard boxes and cheap picture frames—these are only a few of the occupations of these little children. One may say that child labor is a remedy for poverty but it is not. It is a cause of it. There are thousands of instances where the father absolutely refuses to work, as soon as his children are old enough and spends his time in the saloons, living upon the scanty wages of his wife and children. The results of child labor are many. W1 at is the cause of the high percentage of crimes that are committed in the I'nited Matesi We will answer child labor. Over two-thirds of the number of children who have gone to the reform school, or who have been turned over by the courts to the care of officers, have come from the children engaged in the street trades and it is true that these trades serve as a preparatory school ft r crimes. Consumption is contracted by ten per cent of those who work in mills, chests are caved in, backs are bent as if in old age, cheeks are hollowed, eyes are sunken, dull brainsare formed; but none of the perils of the body nor all of them combined, equal the moral perils of child labor. To kill a boy or girl by giving him too heavy burdens to bear is cruel but killing the soul is far more terrible. That is what child labor does for thousands of children each year. Wliat kind of citizens will these children make ( Each child of this class knows that he is inferior in body, mind and soul to his fellow citizens. They feel that they have been robbed in some way—not robbed of money or property, but robbed of life, of health, intellect and spirit. Even if they are not educated, they do know that a system of industry and a state of society have worse than murdered them. What will citizens of this kind do for our nation ? What can they do? There are many difficulties to he met in the attempt to emancipate child slaves. In order that this can be done, cases of poverty must be provided for, and local societies must he encouraged to raise and administer scholarship funds given as a pension to the child under the legal age, who must assist in the support of the family. The question of child labor is not a state affair but a national one. The reason why the states will not deal with it, is because they are controlled by these great and powerful manufacturing and mining interests which are the very ones who are responsible for the very existence of the evil. It would be useless for one state to have a good child labor law unless every other state had an equally good law; because the manufacturers and mine owners in the states where there were no laws would have a great business advantage over the manufacturers of a state where this law was enforced. One of the most important aids in stamping out this great evil is in arousing public sentiment. If we could only touch the hearts of the people! In any large city you may see a woman beautifully and richly dressed and in her arms cuddled up safe and warm an aristocratic, beribboned dog. But near by you may notice a little newsboy with ragged clothes Muttering in the cold, fierce wind; worn shoes, thru which show his little naked feet, asking for help. But she turns away, not even noticing him as her whole attention is devoted to the dog. This is only one of a thousand such examples. In the large cities, hundreds of children fall fainting in the streets from starvation while dogs are fed and cared for with a tender solicitude, which these little ones never knew. The future of this nation depends upon the citizenship of the generations to come; the children of to-day are those who later will shape the destiny of our land, and we cannot afford to neglect them. “How long, we say, how long, O cruel nation, Will you stand to move the world on a child’s heart,— Stifle down with a nailed heel its palpitation, And tread onward to your throne amid the mart? Our blood splashes upward, () goldheaper, And your purple shows your path! But the child’s sob in the silence curses deeper Than the strong man in wrath!” —Guli Orvis. OUR NATION’S IDOLS. An Idol is something which is adored; a nation’s Idol is someone who is adored by the nation. The greatest of America’s Idols are her greatest men. They have become Idols not only because of the service which they have rendered to their nation but because of the spirit in which they rendered these services and thru their high, noble, truthful and unselfish characters have secured a place in the hearts of the people. Among our nation’s many idols, may we not class George Washington, Daniel Webster, Abraham Lincoln, and William McKinley as the greatest of all' Let us now examine the lives of these men in order to ascertain the causes which have made them national idols. George Washington spent the early part of his life at Mt. Vernon, and the latter in the army and in public service. As his father was a prosperous farmer George received the best education which the times could offer. He became familiar with surveying and acquainted himself with the Indians who taught him the secret of winning their confidence. He knew in times of negotiation what to reveal and what to secret thus making him a powerful factor in settlement of Indian disputes. Owing to the confidence of the Indians in him and to their knowledge of his spirit of justice he is the only white man having the distinction of being admitted to the Indian Heaven. His wisdom and knowledge of Indian warfare saved the entire British army from annihilation in Braddock’s defeat at the hands of the Indians. Altho Washington was hardly well enough to sit in his saddle he rode about the field, delivering and endeavoring to enforce the orders of his deluded Superior. There was perhaps essential truth in the eloquence with which the Indian chief later described him. It was on the day, when the whiteman’s blood mixed with the. streams of our forest, that I first beheld this chief. I called to my braves and said, Mark yon tall and daring warrior, lb is not of the redcoat tribe, he hath an Indian’s wisdom, and his warriors light as we do,—himself, alone is exposed, quick, let your aim be certain and he dies.’ Our rifles were levelled, rifles, which but for him knew not how to miss—’twas all in vain, a power mightier far than we, shielded him from harm. He cannot die in battle. His experiences in this war were a long step forward in his career and when the colonies resisted British oppression everyone looked to W ashington for leadership and guidance in the approaching struggle of war. Altho in the second Continental Congress sat many men whose names have become immortal, there were none whose prestige was equal to that of Washington in spite of the desire of many of their own members for fame. I hey fortunately recognized the great necessity of Washington’s services and of all the steps this Congress took, none was more fortunate than the appointment of George Washington as the commander of the American army assembled at Cambridge. M it! 1 mt great events Washington would not have become famous blithe possessed the power of making events great by his ability in meeting them. I ims at the close of eight long years of tedious warfare lu led his small armies to victory, defeating one of the greatest nations in history. Again we find Washington, in 1789, founding the new government and laying the cornerstone of a great nation. lie has thus in the hearts of of his people been first in war, first in peace, and first among their many beloved idols. It was once said of him, “His life is the most valuable in America. There never was a man that might be more safely trusted nor a time when there was a louder call.” Shelly wrote, “As a warrior and statesman, he was righteous in all he did, unlike all who lived before or since; he never used his power but for the benefit of his fellow creatures. A man was needed who possessed a commanding power over the popular passions but over whom those possessions had no power. That man was Washington.” It would be useless to dwell upon the traits of character which made George Washington a national benefactor and a national idol. But because of the wisdom which he showed in the cabinet, valor in the field, and patriotism in both, he has been called the first and greatest pilot. There are three scenes in Daniel Webster’s life which mark three stages in his wonderful career. First, his father’s moans were limited. The narrow circumstances seemed to restrict his boyish ambitions to the humblest walk of life. However his father was determined that his boy should have an education. Webster’s school days were days of privation and yet he made great advance in acquiring knowledge, and was considered the quickest boy in school. He had a very good memory, learned many verses from the Bible and even learned the Constitution from a handkerchief. He attended Dartmouth College, graduated in 1801, and became a teacher. His dignity, even temper, and firmness commanded the respect of his pupils. Second, while a United States senator from Massachusetts, he heroically defended his New England from the attacks of Senator Hayne of South Carolina. It was here that he rendered his greatest services that can never be forgotten and which made him a national benefactor. It was here that he grandly stood forth as a parliamentary orator, a master of eloquence. This was the period of Webster’s greatest popularity as the defender of Northern industries which made him the idol of the merchants and manufacturers of New England. At this point, when he combatted secession and defended the Union, delaring, “It is one, and to be forever united in all its parts,” doubtless culminated the fame and intellectual power of Daniel Webster. Third, in 1852 Webster now quite an old man, crippled by an accident, stood on the rostrum of Faneuil Hall in Boston. He had not long since lost a part of his great popularity, in consequence of the course he had taken upon the slavery question and many of his former friends had fallen away. How fitting are the words of Whittier in showing his status in the declining years of his life. “All else is gone; from those great eyes The soul has fied! When faith is lost, when honor dies, The man is dead.” HAROLD D. BENNETT HELEN HATCH He was a genius, a great power in the land, a defender of the nationality of the states, an expander of the Federal Constitution and unalterably devoted to the perpetuity and integrity of the Union. His defects were pride, austerity, passions, extravagance but these were overbalanced by the warmth of his affections for his faithful friends, simplicity of manner and taste, courteous treatment of opponents, dignity of character, kindness to the poor, hospitality, enjoyment of rural scenes and sports, profound religious instincts, devotion to what he deemed the welfare of the country, independence of opinions and boldness in asserting them at any hazard and against all opposition, and unbounded contempt of all lies, shams and tricks. I hose traits have made his memory dear to all who knew him and because of his groat deeds, he has become one of our nation’s idols. Abraham Lincoln was also born a poor boy at a time when the country was in a poor condition, owing to the depression of trade and commerce. In Abe’s boyhood he was obliged to help support the family and consequently he early learned the use of the axe, maul aad wedge. Altho he had little opportunity to secure an education, he acquired a great love for reading, and each spare moment found him with a book. His desire for reading was so intense that he even carried a book to the field with him and sat up late at night reading by the glow of pine knots. He road of famous men and copied they sayings and when he began the study of anything he was never satisfied until he succeeded in getting to the root of all. He was for some years a lawyer in Springfield and nevertook a case unless he considered it just. Early in life Lincoln began the study of the slavery question and had formed a definite purpose of trying to accomplish its abolition. When he was elected to the presidency he realized that the nation put in his trust, was in danger of dissolution and war as a result of differences upon the slavery question. Rea'izing that to preserve the Union was his first duty and that the abolition of slavery was only secondary he heroically faced the problem of saving this nation with slavery rather than destroy slavery at the expence of national destruction. What other man was there who could have better taken charge of the government and guided the nation thru the Civil War, and proved to the South that the Union could not be destroyed ( He was so loved and adored that he was chosen for a second term, but only a few days of the second term had passed when he was shot in cold blood by an assassin. The nation mourned a great loss. Patient in defeat. calm in victory, Abraham Lincoln was recognized as a true savior of his country. The chief magistrate whose administration quelled a rebellion of eight millions of people, set free four million slaves, and vindicated the ability of the people, under all contingences, to maintain the government which rests upon their will, whose wisdom and unspotted integrity of character secured his re-election, a id who, finally, when his work was done, found his martyrdom which came to round his life and set the final seal upon his renown, has filled a place hitherto unoccupied in the annals of the world. M hy not this man who was incapable of animosity or revenge be called an idol { William McKinley, our twenty-fifth president was born in Niles, Ohio in 1843. 11 is parents were far from well-to-do and his education was not the best which the times afforded. When he was six years old, he went to the village school at Niles. When he was nine years old his father moved the family to Poland, Ohio. Here William soon became very popular; lie took great interest in debates and when a debating society was formed, he was elected president of it. He became a teacher and a iittle later a clerk in a Post Office. His mother speaking of him said: “I could always depend upon him. He never gave me a crossword and I don't believe he ever told me a lie.’’ Fires of the great Civil M ar had been smouldering for some time. When the call for volunteers came McKinley was among the first to enlist. He went into the army a mere boy of eighteen, knowing absolutely iOth-ing of service. He took part in some thirty engagements and served as Commissary Sergeant, Second and First Lieutaenants, Captain, Staff Officer and finally Major. He had but one furlough and was never absent from duty on account of sickness. General Hayes said, ” The night was never too dark, the weather never too cold, there was no sleet, or storm or snow or rain that stood in the way of his prompt and efficient performance of every duty.” Altho, while in his youth he was intended for the ministry, his ambitions led him toward the professions and he soon became a lawyer. When he was elected prosecuting attorney, he said: “I have been supported by many Democrats. I shall try to administer the office of prosecuting attorney with justice to all, and administer it with justice he did, as the records of the country show. Never was there a fairer prosecuting attorney than William McKinley. Every criminal prosecuted by him received what the law intended he should have, no more and no less. Because of his great integrity he was elected to Congress were he served for fourteen years and took an active part on the Tariff question. He was defeated for re-election a little later and was then elected governor of Ohio. He was elected President in 1896 and successfully piloted the nation thru the Spanish-American war. No one rejoiced more than he when the war was ended. He was so idolized by the American people that he was elected for a second term and while receiving his friends one day at the Buffalo Exposition, his life was boldly taken by an anarchist. He lingered only a few days and was carried to Canton, Ohio. As they laid him in that last resting place, a whole nation still in silent prayer and in tears. One thing worthy of notice about McKinley was that he made friends of his enemies with astounding rapidity. How well the words Mark Anthony said of Brutus may be applied to McKinley: His life was gentle, and the elements So mixed in him that Nature might stand up And say to all the world: ‘This was a man.’ ” Can anyone review the lives of these four great men and consider the services which they have rendered to the nation and the noble spirit with which they were rendered and then say that they are not Our Nation’s Idols? ' Flora Morgan. THE EVOLUTION OF MAN. The question regarding the origin and development of man is one of great moment and has greatly attracted the attention of scientific investigators during the past century. Some of our greatest scientists have spent their lives in the attempt at solving this great question. For hundreds of years science and religion had been so accustomed to see the origin of species and especially the appearance of man on the face of the earth hidden in impenetrable and unapproachable mystery that every attempt at clearing up this mystery naturally appeared to both as an attack upon the creative activity of God. The investigators of the past years have proven that the theories regarding the origin and evolution of man are not only in accordance with the Bible but can be used as proof of the validity of that work. The theory of Evolution, as given by Darwin, contains nearly the same ideas that all succeeding him have tried to prove and to show that it is in friendly relation to the Bible. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace were the first scientists to bring a theory of evolution before the minds of the people. They arrived at their conclusions at the same time and separately proposed them. Darwin’s theory as published then and later was composed of five principles:—first, the survival of the fittest of plants an animals; second, their increase in complexity; third, their struggle for existence; fourth, the process of heredity; and fifth, the development of man from lower animals. All plants and animals do not live forever, for, if they did, the earth would be soon over-crowded with them. It is only the strongest and the healthiest that do live. Thus when a plant produces three seeds, one of these seeds may be better adapted to the environment than the other two. The weakness of the two may be such that the plant produced will be unable to adapt itself to the unfavorable environment. The resulting structure will then be either exceedingly weak and inefficient or will quickly perish. The inability of these plants to live illustrates the principle of the survival of the fittest. Every plant or animal has its own individual differences from others of its own species. Every plant structure is the steady accumulation thru natural selection of those characteristics which are beneficial to the individual and give rise to all the more important modifications of structure by which the innumerable beings on the earth areablc to struggle with each other ami by which they are better enabled to survive. Nature uses the same rules in natural selection that man uses in his artificial and intentionla selection. As the farmer from year to year selects his best and healthiest looking coi n for his seed, so the plant develops those qualities which can produce a stronger structure and better enable it to perform its life’s work. The seedless orange is a good illustration of what man can do by selecting every year certain plants containing the characteristics desired. Therefore the increase in complexity of a plant or animal over its parents is due to natural selection. The struggle for existance in plants and the lower animals is very much the same as it is in the life of man. They meet with many obstacles and foes which may be overcome or avoided. They have to withstand many changes in their environment; thus some plants can adapt themselves to a changing in environment. On the other hand there are those who cannot thus meet the problems of life caused by a change of conditions. The former will thrive while the latter must perish in the struggle. This stug-gle for existence also develops many characteristics in plants and animals which enable them to protect themselves against their foes, as the deer’s horns, the lion’s claws, or the sword of the sword-fish. During the life of every organic being changes will occur because of its environment etc. If these characteristics are useful and necessary in the struggle for life, then thru the principle of inheritance these necessary traits will be given to its offspring. Each plant receives the characteristics of its parent together with the qualities they obtained during their life and it endows its offspring with its inherited features and those gained during its life; thus each plant receives the sum total of the characteristics of all its ancestors. A duck may be made to acquire nearly all the traits of a chicken if kept from the water and in the environment of the chicken but if after a number of generations, a duck is taken to the water, it would swim as its ancestors had. Thus a quality may lie dormant for years but can be awakened if put into the right environment. This is the law of heredity. From all these principles it can readily be seen that there must have been some original being from which all our different divisions of plants or animals have arisen. Darwin says that man has developed thru a number of different species from the monkey. This does not necessarily mean from what we know now as the monkey because the species may have been greatly changed thru the thousands of years it has taken for the development of man. This theory of Darwin’s may be merely a solution by hypothesis but it is substantiated by thousands of facts and by numerous illustrations found in the past and present natural history. One of the arguments that is commonly used against the theory of evolution is that, if this theory be true, then the Bible is not. Darwin’s expressions about religion are very general but since in his works we do not find and utterance contrary and hostile to religion we have a right to rank him among those who are convinced of a harmony between the realms of the religious and natural worlds. Alex Braun, a botonist has well said, “Some say that the descent theory of man denies creation and it is true. The Darwinians themselves cause this opinion by contrasting creation and development as irreconcilable ideas. But this contrast does not really exist. for as soon as we look upon creation as a divine effect, not merely be- longing to the past, or appearing in single abrupt movements, but connected and universally present in time, we can seek and find it nowhere else I ut in the natural history of creation. Natural history looked upon from its inner side is nothing else but the farther carrying out of the history of creation.” Take the position of the Holy Scriptures regarding development in general. The work of the six days themselves are in their succession nothing else but a development, a permanent differentiation of that which was not separated before, a continuous unfolding of the more simple until a more complex and always progressing preparation of the globe for newer and higher forms of existence, until finally man appears. The Bible itself is in friendly relation to the evolution theory. It does not permit animals to come forth from plants altho the later represent the lower and the former the higher forms and that even both kingdoms come forth from the inorganic of the earth. The Scriptures teach a creation of the world in six days. Are there not evidences in the Bible account itself which show that the author did not take these as creative earthly days of twenty-four hours' These days of the week are also, “Days of God,” for that which makes our earthly days was not created until the fourth day of creation. These days have no night, “And the evening and the morning were the first day.” (Gen. 1, 5.) What did God do in the six nights of his creation? The author did not mention night, because these days had no night and they had none, because as days of God they could have none, because with God there is no night. The end of each of the six days is mentioned but not of the seventh day. Therefore this seventh day must have been of long duration. This leads us to think that the six proceeding days must have exceeded the duration of the earthly days, for in St. Peter’s second letter we find the words, “One day is with the Lord as a thousand years and a thousand years as one day.” Religion and mortality have their automnous principle and realm which is not at all obliged to borrow tin1 proof of its truth from the present condit ions and degree of our knowledge, but carries it in itself although it stands in fruitful reciprocal action of the other realms of knowledge and life. The great evolutionists may not be very near the truth but are in common with a large and increasing body of scientific men. that are all agreed as to one thing; that evolution is a great and established fact, a wide and valid induction from the observed order of nature, tin complete elucidation of which is the grand scientific task of the future. Claude Craooe. SENIOR CLASS HISTORY President—Claude Cragoe ice-President—Piiebe Crumb Secretary and Treasurer—Maggie Smith Dame Fortune seems to have cast her most beaming smiles upon the class of 11)09. We were very fortunate to have as our instructors, Mr. Hansen and Miss Rakow during our Freshmen year. Mr. Curtis, Miss Bovee and Miss Hal bach during our sophomore year, Mr. Curtis and Miss Halbach again in our Junior year with Miss Curtis as assistant and Mr. Curtis again in our Senior year with Miss Binnie and Miss Breitkrutz as assistants. On entering high school in the fall of 1905, we were very proud of our class of fifteen pupils, some sent here from the district schools for a broader education, and some from the eighth grade of our high school. But we were soon to lie disappointed for on entering the Sophomore year we found we had lost two of our former classmates. This was not to be the only disappointment, for in the Junior year three more familiar voices were missing at roll call. But there is never a loss without a gain, and with sincere greeting we welcomed back our old classmate, Clifford Gleason, and two new pupils Edna and Ralph Randall, who had come here to complete their high school course, a part of which they had received at the state graded school at Hustisford. But fate seemed to hover over us for we found on entering our Senior year, we had lost two more member's. So the class of 1909, the largest in eight years, through four years of fortune and misfortune leave the Oaktield High School with eleven members, eight of whom we are proud to say we have kept thru the grades. We have not only been fortunate in having teachers who were interested in our eductional career, but have also enjoyed the advantages of a good library and a course which gave us the opportunity of taking up advanced studies which were not in the regular course before. A Lyceum Society was also added to the other social interests of the school and many of the members have proven to be very efficient in the art of declaiming, debating and discussing. An excellent tennis court has also added much to the interest of the school. During each of the last three years the high school has been remodeled in some respects each time making it more convenient for both pupils and teachers. Thus, this year we have enjoyed the use of the main room as a study room without being disturbed by the recitations of classes. We have also enjoyed the use of a separate laboratory with the privilege of working our own experiments. Claude Cragoe lias attended the Oaktield school, since the time he commenced his educational career. In years to come when we recall his name it will remind us of our most worthy President. Phebe Crumb who came here from Le Seur, Minnesota, entered the third grade of the Oaktield Public Schools in the year, 1899. Tho quiet and reserved, she is honored by all her classmates. Jennie Pratt became a member of the first grade in this school in 1897. Each year she accomplished her years work so well that at last, the year 1909 finds her salutatorian of her class. Harold Bennett received his common school education in the district school No. 3 of the town of Oakfield and in 1905 entered the Oakfield high school. Maggie Smith is another member of the class of 1909 who has received her education in the Oakfield schools. She has proven a loyal member and has gained a place in the hearts of her classmates. Clarya Gordon has received her entire education in the village school. Her happy disposition and staunch devotion to her classmates makes her much beloved by her fellow students. Ralph Randall received his early education at Hustisford. In 1907 he entered the Junior class of the Oakfield high school. Altho Ralph has not been with us long, he will never be forgotten by his classmates. Guli ()rvis received the early part of her common school education in Districts No. 6 and 8. Her parents moved to Oakfield in the year 1900 and she entered the second year of the Intermediate I )epartment at that time. Guli's devotion to duty and faithfulness in work has won the confidence of both teachers and students. Flora Morgan and Eva Paynter were two of the founders of the class of ’09 and now at the close of the Senior year we find both beloved by their classmates and Eva valedictorian of her class. Hugh Worthing received nearly all of his common school education in the Oakfield School and upon entering the High School, he became a member of the class of ?09. How could this illustrious class have graduated without the help of this famous arguer! Thus the class of 1909 has prospered and with light hearts, because of a knowledge of duty faithfully done, we leave the dear old schoolroom to enter upon our future course. But just what the future has in store for us we cannot say and can only hope for the brightest. JUNIOR CLASS President—Clifford Schoonover Vice-President—Allen Sampson Secretary and Treasurer—Carl Cragoe The Junior Class of the Oakfield High School has had its full share of losses and gains, of sorrows and joys. During our Freshman year there were seventeen members in the class, but the year later the number decreased to ten. At the beginning of the present school year we found that the short but strong class chain lacked two familiar links, Lenore Zielke and Emma Burleton, whose loss was felt by all. But a bright, strong link has been added in the coming to our school of Nora Locke, whom we hope will continue with us. In Lyceum work our class has made a creditable showing and the appreciation of the other students has been manifested in the election of Carl Cragoe and Allen Sampson to the presidency and vice-presidency of the Society for the first semester, and of Ralph Atkins to the presidency and Allen Sampson to the vice-presidency for the second semester. In debating we have distinguished ourselves, having defeated the great Seniors in the three inter-class debates which have been held. How well we recall the occasion of the great debate on the subject, “Resolved, that a big frog in a little pool is better than a little frog in a big pool.” Five members of our class—Ella Messner, Nora Locke, Allen Sampson, Carl Cragoe and Ralph Atkins belong to the High School Glee Clubs, and two of these at least have distinguished themselves as soloists. In athletics too, our boys are indispensable, every one taking part in sports of some sort. We claim the honor of havingthe “crack” basket ball player of the High School team. To all the branches of study open to us we have done full justice. How well certain of our illustrious members liked Geometry and how we all fairly dote on Civics. Probably some of the most enjoyable times of the last semester were the too infrequent Friday afternoon periods when our venerable brethern of the Economics Class met with their reverend sisters in the English room to receive instruction in English. Oh, the wonderful themes and poems which were inspired and composed there. The German Room has been the scene of many of our greatest successes in reciting, translating from German to English or vice versa, and in reading. in which last we exc-ell as our accent is above reproach—usually. During the first semester our recitations were often brightened by the rendering of “Das Baechlein” by a special admirer of that literary gem, or by the reading of such masterpieces as “Der Loewe und die Mans.” But under our laughter and eager grasping of something funny, there has lieen a deep desire for knowledge, an honest wish to do right, and a loyal allegiance to our school, teachers and schoolmates, all of whom we feel are worthy of our friendship. We recognize and appreciate the kindness, patience and fairness which the members of the faculty have shown toward us, and hope that in the future we may do justice to their teachings. A Junior THE SOPHOMORE CLASS President—Clyde Morgan Vice-President—Marien Smith Secretary and Treasurer—Harry Atkins The Sophomore class, as everyone must realize, is a very bright and talented one. Have we not orators musicians, poets, and electricians among our members 2 When we entered the High School we numbered twenty-two, and altho that number has now diminished to eighteen, we still enjoy the distinction of being the largest class in the school. We have always been well represented in everything pertaining to school life and have often heard people wonder how anything was a success before we entered the High School. In our Freshman year we labored under many difficulties, for the other classmen seemed determined to convince themselves and us that we were of no importance. Even Mr. Curtis tried to keep us in the shadow by mak- mo- critical remarks concerning us, and refusing to lot us organize. But after a time we astonished the whole school, the faculty included, with our organizing ability, and thereafter we were treated with greater respect by everyone. The instrumental music for High School exercises is furnished by two of our Sophomore girls. W hen the Glee Club was organized during our Freshman year, one of our class was chosen pianist, and this year we still claim that position, while six of the Glee Club girls are members of the class of 1911. We are always well represented in the Declamatory Contests and have carried off both second and third honors each of our High School years. We still have two years to win the first honor. If anyone has any doubts as to whether we are bright or not, he can receive information on that subject from any of our teachers, whoareoften astonished with our brilliant and original recitations. There is surely some originality in the Sophomore who said that Sulla consumed the Sibylline Books. Again, can anyone forget that the poem which received the first prize at the faculty reception was composed by a SophomoreThen too, the Sophomore boys' knowledge of Electricity is the envy of many of the Seniors studying Physics. Perhaps, after all. the best thing that we can say for ourselves, or anyone can say for us, is that we have set an admirable example for the class of 1912 and have not even teased or persecuted them in any way, not even when they showed themselves to be exceedingly fresh. A Sophomore THE FRESHMAN CLASS Dear Reader: You probably haven't heard that the Freshman Class is made up of thirteen bright, active members. Thirteen is tin baker's dozen, an unlucky number, but so far, the class has been very lucky, thus disproving the old superstition. It is unnecessary to tell about our luck in the contest, for everyone knows how. Helen gained a glorious victory for us. The day before the contest we went to W ill Reynold’s home to practice our yells. You see, our yells were so good that we had to go where the Sophomores wouldn't hear us,-for fear they would take a liking to them. Well, after, we reached Will’s home, he happened to think he’d better put the cat out of doors because she might become frightened to death when we started to yell. After pussy had been tenderly removed and all the doors and windows securely fastened so that the people wouldn t mistake the house for a lunatic asylum, the yelling began. Eddie McKnight, a usually quiet boy, provided a great deal of amusement by jigging to the tune of our yells. We soon became hoarse, and then began playing with dolls and Teddy bears belonging to the host. Miss Gertrude. I ones entertained us by hammering forth on the piano, that ancient tune, “Red W ing. After a pleasant hour had passed we said goodbye to our host who hoped wed never come again. The following are the names of the Freshmen and their trades:— Howard Ripley, organ grinder; Robbie McClain, bear-hunter; Ward Large, door walker; Eddie McKnight, somnambulist; Clayton Tupper, parrot trainer; .Joseph Best, chimney sweep; Gertrude .Jones, globe-trotter; Hazel Merrill, poultry raiser; Della Parduhn, spinner of yarns; Marie Hoppe, rope dancer; Bessie Cragoe, teacher of manners; Helen Hatch, pie baker; Willie Reynoylds, chaffeur. For general exercises on April 20, the Freshman Class held an old fashioned school with Miss Helen Hatch as teacher. The scholars were Samantha, Sophia, Sally Ann, Hyacinth, Mehitable, Jeremiah, Abraham, Ebenezer, Solomon and Ezekiel. After the classes had recited, Samantha delighted the audience by speaking, “Twinkle, Twinkle Little Star,” Sally Ann, by singing “America,' Sophia by reading a composition on, “The Giraffe”and Jermiah by speaking, “The Book Elves.” Our old fashioned school was certainly a success. S you see, the Freshman Class has every reason to be proud of its wit. talent, knowledge and good sense. In October our physical geography class, attended by Miss Breitkreutz, took an excursion to the ledge. We obtained half a peach basket full of rock specimens which were taken home and placed on a shelf in the German Room, thereby causing the janitor much anxiety. After three months dust had accumulated on the rocks, they were packed in a box and put into the library for the next year's Freshmen. Then the janitor breathed a sigh of relief. Hoping you will appreciate this letter and favor us with a reply, I remain. Yours truly, A Freshman P. S. I almost forgot to send you one of our yells. It is as follows:— One zippah, two a zippah, three a zippah. zah Freshmen! Freshmen! rah! rah! rah! You want to be sure to remember this yell for you'll hear from us again, but then it will be, “Seniors, Seniors, Rah! Rah! Rah! “Long live the class of 1912.'' OUR LIFE’S AMBITION “Thy purpose firm is equal tothe-deed; W1 10 does the best his circumstance allows. Does well, acts nobly; angels could no more.” Every person has an intense longing to climb higher. We form ideals and it will be our aim in life to reach these ideals under any conditions that we may be working. One may have as high an ideal as another, yet under different circumstances the one may reach his ideal while the other may fail completely. Thus we may sometimes ask if it is worth while to try to reach our ideals, for tho the the world is judge, it seldom stops to consider under what circumstances we labor, and praises the successful while it condemns the one who fails tho he may have better deserved the praise. We can scarcely realize the importance of the question as to our aim in life, but should set our aim high altho only a few ever attain their aim. It is our lot to meet with many discouragements and after a succession of such experiences we look about and see those who have failed in their lofty aims after a manly struggle, and again the question is asked, “Does it pay to make such an effort to reach the height of our ambition?” But were Demosthenes or Webster battled by the discouragements that confronted them in their first efforts to speak to the public? Have the great men of our country to-day stepped back because they did not succeed in their first attempts? No, they have pushed on until they have become the greatest and most powerful men of which our country has ever heard. Let not discouragements move us to forego effort. “It is better to have tried and failed than never to have tried at all.” There is discipline in effort; even tho unsuccessful it is beneficial. There is virtue in failure for it admonishes us to avoid similar causes of failure in the future. “Experience,” says Coleridge, “is like the stern lights of a ship, il-lumating only the ocean that is past.” Life’s experiences are full of instruction, and we learn much from them. We may profit by them and win success thru their guidance. There are a great many ideals that we may hope to attain. Some may wish to be very wealthy that they may be looked upon as the wealthiest men in their communities. But is this a very high aim? No, for the ac-cummulation wealth just for wealth’s sake is not a lofty aim. If we wish for wealth we must do good with it; build colleges and universities where young men may become educated for useful lives; found hospitals and homes where old men may spend their declining years in rest and peace; endow libraries that will be of use to the public. When wealth is used in connection with these things we may say that our ideals are lofty and commendable ones, and if followed to a successful issue, will richly repay for the cost, labor, and time spent and those who achieve this will be joyful to have given happiness to their fellow men. Some may have the ambition to command great armies and thus become known to us as great lieutenants, captains and generals; others to lead adventurous expeditions for explorations and discoveries. In times of national peril we have seen the skill with which our great generals, Washington and Grant have managed their men and thus saved their armies from many defeats. Also the Drakes, Lewises and Clarks of history who have pushed civilization by their adventurous exploits, quickened the thots of men, and led them to their present advanced position. Thus far, 1 have referred only to those aims which have their origin and culmination in this world, but we may advance and succeed in our efforts to grow kinder, humbler, more patient and more in earnest to make mankind better. Have an aim in life! Live for something! Thousands of men breathe, move and live—pass from the stage of life and are heard of no more. Why? None have been blessed by them; not a line they wrote, not a word they spoke can be recalled and so they have perished. ill we thus live and die? We will do good and leave behind us monuments of virtue that the storms of time can never destroy. If it is not given us to win fame h.v exploration and discoveries, we may write our names in kindness, love, and mercy on the hearts of those about us and we will never be forgotten. Good deeds shine forth as brightly on earth as the stars in Heaven. What ever may be the height of our ambition, if we secure the higher aim, we are rendered more able to attain the lower, for only those who endure life’s strifes are the winners of the world’s prizes. Without a resolute and firm purpose, the best aid and means an of little worth, but with a firm purpose, the weakest become mighty. One who is deeply in earnest acts upon the motto of the pickax on the old seal, “Either I will find a way or make one. To resolve to attain is often almost attainment itself. Everywhere are the means of progress, if we have but the fixed purpose to use them, and if. like the old philosopher, we take as our motto, “Higher, forever higher,” we may rise by them all. He that is resolved upon any great end, by that very resolution he has sealed the greatest barrier to it, and he will find it removing difficulties, searching or making means, giving courage for despondency and strength for weakness; and like the star in the east guiding him nearer and nearer to the sum of all perfection. We must therefore set our ideals high and, tho we cannot reach them, our success is determined by the height of our ambition and the nearness to which we have come in reaching our ideals. “Nature that framed us of four elements W aring within our breast for regimen, Doth teach us all to have aspiring minds; Our souls, whose faculties can comprehend The wonderful architecture of the world, And measure every wandering planet's course. Still climbing after knowledge infinite. And always moving as the restless waves. Wills us to wear ourselves and never rest. Until we reach the ripest fruit of all That perfect bliss and sole felicity, The sweet fruition of a heavenly crown.” Clarya Gordon PYRAMID A TYPE Reading may be considered as the key which commands our entrance and gives us access to the various departments of science and literature. It enlarges the sphere of observation and affords abundant material for exercising the faculties of the mind. Through reading the educated constantly improve their minds and the uneducated gain knowledge. Yet it is a remarkable fact that ninety-nine persons out of a hundred when they were asked to describe the pyramids of Egypt, which are one of the wonders of the world, could not do it. These pyramids are large structures which were used by the ancients of Egypt both as tombs of the kings and for religious purposes. The largest pyramids are on the border of the Libyan desert. As one first sees them they appear as mountains, but on approaching the mass of stone one finds it to consist of platforms, each one being smaller than the one upon which it rests, giving the appearance of steps. These pyramids have been built by masons whose skill with the combination of material has made them to withstand the erosion of many centuries. They were not built in a few years, but are the result of many years of difficult labor. In constructing them especial attention was paid to the foundation or base, wrhich was sometimes of solid rock. In one of the pyramids the base forms a square, each side of wffiich is seven hundred and fifty feet long. To make the structure granite and stone were brought from long distances, which men today could not do without the aid of some machine to carry the material across the plains and to lift it upon the base. The brick wras made near by. Limestone w7as brought from the adjoining plateau. It would be hard for us to realize the enormous skill and labor which it must have taken for the construction of these monuments. As the object of building these pyramids wTas to make tombs for the kings, the interior was made of various passages which led in different directions, only one of which led to the tomb of the king. The main corridor is built of better material than the others. This is made of polished granite and the wall is covered with paintings, some of which seem as perfect and fresh as if they were just made. The door to this passage is the only one blocked with stone. After the pyramid wras completed the face of it was polished, giving the appearance of one stone with none of the joints showing. Although time and storm have wrorn away some of the stones in the pyramids, they have still retained most of their grandeur. The fact that the pyramids have stood so long is perhaps due to the arrangement of the stones, so that the weight would not rest on the ceiling. To a certain extent our lives may be compared to pyramids. As these structures have been built to withstand tempests and earthquakes, why not build our character against the storm of life? We all realize that around us is temptation w7hich it is our duty to withstand. Yet everywhere w7e see people whose early career was gay and promising, but whose life became as a waste because they allowed evil influences to conquer them. We should aim to mold our lives with, the best material so as to arm ourselves against the struggles of the world. We should not be discouraged because the eyes of the world are constantly trying to detect our errors and they will rejoice at our failures. In spite of everything we must cultivate the loftiest virtues and the highest elements of great character. As a true type of a great character let us consider Abraham Lincoln. Ilis life w’as not all made up of sunshine. There w7ere shadows, too, and yet in spite of them Lincoln alw ays aimed to look on the bright side of life. lie was a man who inspired confidence and respect and ever won the love of some who had been his most bitter enemies. If it were not for his well moulded character and his firm belief in an overruling Providence, it would have been difficult for him, in the midst of the complication of affairs, to keep his reason as president. As Lincoln’s character was made on a solid foundation, so should we make ready for life by laying a solii ,’oundation upon which we should thoroughly master some trade or a implishment. He is always the most devoted who gives the most sen e. Let us practice courage as the Egyptians must have done in carry ig the stones long distances across the desert and then raising them on the pyramid. Let us not be led in life by secret passages as in the pyramids. Character is what we make it. We are not very likely to find our proper path when in life, but if we do our full duty the path will very likely find us. If circumstances choose for us a way which seems too small, the only means of making it large is by our own determination. After we have chosen our proper sphere, let us then endeavor to decorate our lives with good deeds. As the building of a person’s life may be compared to that of a pyramid, so may the decorations of one’s life be compared to the decorations of a pyramid. Some people have the idea that education may be a decoration. It is to the extent that it gives a person culture and social position, but with these alone one would not be worthy of the supreme end of life. The only true decorations of life are good deeds. Every one knows the value of a good deed or sympathetic word in times of trouble. The benefactor perhaps does not realize at the time the real extent of his kindness, but sooner or later he will find himself repaid. There may be many years between the sowing of the seed and the reaping of the harvest. This is illustrated in Longfellow’s beautiful poem: “I shot an arrow into the air: It fell to earth I know not where: For so swiftly it flew, the sight Could not follow it in its flight. ‘‘I breathed a song into the air. It fell to earth I know not where; For who has sight so keen ind strong That it can follow the fligh' of a song. ‘‘Long, long afterwards, in ai oak, I found the arrow still unbvoke; And the song, from beginning to end, I found again in the heart of a friend.” The arrow may be a kindness, or it may be a wrong. The harvest will be for good or evil. Then let us strive and stretch and reach out for the highest and best. Harold Bknnett THE CONQUERING HAND A great man rises to great occasions or emergencies as the genius or leadership shows itself in him. It is he who wins a mighty battle when fate appears to be against him. It is he who seizes the opportunities which are presented to him and seems to be filled with inspirations at the very time that it is most needed and puts his plea in behalf of his ideals with such eloquence that the nation stands in awe. Such was Marcus Antony in his oration on the death of Caesar; Cicero, in his denouncing of the electors of Rome: Cromwell, in his denouncing the Long Parliament; Washington, in leading his army on to victory: Webster, in his great campaign against slavery; Clay, in his great struggle for peace, and Lincoln in his Gettysburg address. A man made to conquer must have high ideals of manhood, a power that is either natural or one highly developed. He must be a lover of mankind with their interests at heart. He must also have a strong power of personality so that he is able to lead his people in the time of a crisis. He must have a strong power of perseverance so as to stand the knocks and blows of war. Such powers are found in George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Patrick Henry and many others. During the latter part of the seventeenth century there came into existence two lads destined to lead their people in the era to follow, the eighteenth century. One was “the man of destiny, Napoleon,” and the other, “the great man of a great age, Wellington.” Napoleon gained his power on the spur of the moment by heading his people on to victory and battle. His success was crowned by victory after victory till in all his glory he stood at the zenith of his power, master of all Europe. But his excessive love of greatness and his disloyalty to his noble ideals soon caused his downfall. He made one great effort to recover his former glory and succeeded, only to be hurled down by the combined efforts of his enemies, to die a broken-hearted exile and a captive. Yet. after his death, his people wept that he was no more. Wellington was a man of a different character, of a different build and of a different people. He was a man of great stature and mind, having a sturdy will power for which he was named the “Iron Duke.” He gained his fame bv seeking the confidence of his people, by being one of them, by suffering with them: but after he had reached his ambition he betrayed their confidence by refusing to be any longer one of them, and his end was like that of many others who let their ambition be their guide. Shortly before the beginning of the new era in Europe which was the era of Christianity, there came into existence an exiled man known later as “the foremost man of all the world, Julius Caesar. Caesar was different from the general type of man. He was a man who made friends quickly and staunchly, and swept his enemies away before him. He was a man who sought the essentials of life. His home was the battle-field of his great civil wars. He sought for fame in this great field of battle, and in this field he gained what no other general had accomplished before him, the confidence of his soldiers. To so great an extent did they love him that they could not be forced to turn against him even when under the command of another general. lie was opposed by the greatest powers of the world combined, but bis superior training and knowledge of men enabled him to win. lie was made dictator, and as dictator lie formed the foundations for a great nation, lie brought civilization to hundreds of thousands of savages and enabled the different tribes to advance further in the life of progress, in government and in civilization, lie opened the country where Christianity was soon to take root and placed the impress of his genius upon all with whom he came in contact. He was assassinated before he could carry out his gigantic schemes for tin advancement of commerce, science and letters, but he left the path behind him well paved for Christianity that followed. When the great political struggle of the United States became prominent there came to tin front “the expounder of the constitution, Daniel Webster.” Webster was a man of great build, not only in body but in voice. He was often called “the roaring lion of the north,” and many men seemed to fear him after they had heard him speak because of his great delivery of speech. He was elected to the upper house, where he sat for a quarter of a century with only tin short intermission when he was acting as secretary of state. As secretary of state he secured the ratification of the Ashburton treaty, which put an end to the land dispute that was fast leading-us to war. lie was a great enemy to slavery, and when he could see that a great civil war was overshadowing our nation he delivered bis immortal speech: “When my eyes shall be turned to behold the sun in heaven may I not see him shining on the broken and dishonored fragments of a once glorious union, on states dissevered, discordant, belligerent: on a land rent with fends, or drenched it may be in fraternal blood.” lie passed away with the dying words on his lips, “I still live.” Let us now look upon the career of “the great liberator, Abraham Lincoln.' Lincoln is a type of the lower class of men, one of the plainest and sincerest of men who showed the people the condition of affairs in the south. He was a man of heart, gentle and tender as a woman, but had a will as strong as iron. He was a lover of mankind, a hater of slavery and every form of despotism. But he had a love for the slave and a determination, a will, that justice, strong and unyielding, should be done when the time might come to act. As battle after battle of the Civil war was fought in American history and the bloody business grew familiar alike to men of peace and war, he never changed. He never turned from a man or a woman in need. He was a man of humor and played with nature as light as the winds upon summer seas. He demonstrated that when free men settled the matter by ballot it was useless for the minority to appeal to the bullet, lie said it first: he made it true afterwards, lit was a living example of the effectiveness of gentle and moral persuasion as opposed to the force of arms. lie was an example of patience and forbearance. Orphans considered him their father, patriots their savior and slaves their liberator. Until the father of his country had finished his life it was not known that human nature could produce political careers as unselfish as that of George Washington. Poets and dramatists had not even planned such a man, one so true a human imagination to the care of reality, lie was a man who depended wholly upon force. Force because it was the only law that men recognized. lie was a man of genius in bringing on a fight. He sacrificed a portion without harming the remainder rather than destroy all. By treating all mankind on an equal he gained the confidence of his people. He won in battle at great odds. He struck the enemy when and where he was least expected, and held his men together. He never gave up in despair, but always continued as long as there was a lingering hope. He rallied his troops at every point of distress, and when the battle was against him he often turned it into victory. He had not the opportunity to manage a large army, but he did greater things with his small army than any general ever did with the largest of forces. He was in himself more like the heroes of the dark ages, for his armor and lance were too heavy for his colleagues. He introduced the doctrine of man’s equality in birth; by the privilege given to the babe that it might put forth its limbs; to the man that he may reach out with his intellect, and that the United States has offered a sanctuary to the foes of kings. He founded a new nation, a republic, where all men are equal and truly independent. Hugh (). Worthing SCHOOL EVENTS THE LYCEUM SOCIETY The Lyceum society, which was organized in 1907, has been continued during the years 1908 and 1909 with great success. This year each student has been required to gain four points instead of three. New features, such as mock trials and farces, have been introduced into the programs which have greatly increased the interest in the society. Several interesting debates have been given, the one which received most undivided attention being: “Resolved, that a big frog in a little pool is better than a little frog in a big pool.” Many declamations have been rendered, and we will long remember how Willie Reynolds laughed with the rest when the forgotten words failed to come to his mind. One of the best numbers given this year was the very interesting talk on Thomas Edison by Lloyd Filbey. The members of the Lyceum also greatly enjoyed the farce entitled “An Economical Boomerang.” A great deal of enthusiasm w’as shown in the mock trial in which Grant Shortt, the plaintiff, caused the arrest of Will Orvis for assault and battery. During its progress we were very much surprised to learn that Grant and Eva were such intimate friends, and we could not figure GIRLS’ HIGH SCHOOL GLEE CLUB out how one living in North Dakota could dwell across the road from one who resided in Wyoming. The defendant was declared “not guilty” and accepted his acquittal with a grin and a sigh of relief. The students have gradually become more familiar with parliamentary practice and are now able to speak more fluently upon the questions which arise. It is not every Lyceum society that has the privilege of securing outside advice, but we claim to have had that opportunity. Will we ever forget it? Although this society has advanced during the past year, there is room for still greater improvement. We are all very thankful that we have had the opportunity of securing the training given us in this school society. ________ DECLAMATORY CONTEST The annual declamatory contest was held at Worthing hall Friday evening, March 26, 1909. Several weeks before the contest the Juniors, Sophomores and Freshmen elected several of their members to represent them. The following students were elected: Clifford Schoonover, Junior class: Ethel Bristol, Nellie Ilitehcock and Ilazel Worthing, Sophomore class, and Helen Hatch, Freshmen class. The contesting students worked ardently and diligently to gain the first honors for their respective classes. As usual, when contest night arrived the weather proved to be very unpleasant. In spite of this, however, the contest was well attended, showing the interest which our citizens take in the school work. The following program was rendered: Chorus ................................................ “Anchored” High School Glee Club. “The Southern Negro”............................Henry Woodfen Grady Clifford Schoonover. “The Boy Orator of Zepata City”................Richard Harding Davis Hazel Worthing. “Gentlemen! The King!”..................................Robert Barr Ethel Bristol. Instrumental Solo ......................................... Selected Elsie Parratt “Some Other Birds Are Taught to Fly”............Kate Douglas Wiggin Helen Hatch. Music ..................................................... Selected Boys’ Glee Club. “The Cry of the Children”. . ..............Elizabeth Barret Browning Nellie Hitchcock. Chorus...............................................“Santa Lucia” High School Glee Club. Decision of judges: Third place was awarded to Ethel Bristol, second to' Nellie Hitchcock, and to the great joy of the Freshmen Helen Hatch received first place. The judges were Prof. J. F. Taintor. Ripon college: Princ. O’Niel. Oshkosh high school, and Prof. Stevens, Milwaukee Normal. During the fall, steps were taken by our instructor, Miss Breitkreutz, in organizing a German club. This action was favorably received by the members of the Senior and Junior German classes, and on November 5, 1908, the first meeting was held at the home of Miss Flora Morgan, at which time officers were elected. The purpose of this organization was to enable members to speak the language more fluently. “Die Gesell-schaft’’ held meetings at the home of different members every three weeks. At these gatherings programs were given which consisted of German songs, recitations, quotations, stories and essays. After the programs German games were introduced, which were thoroughly enjoyed by all. Although the circle did not meet during the later part of the year, we hope it will be continued in the future, and that its educational benefits may prove a valuable aid to the German classes. GIRLS’ HIGH SCHOOL GLEE CLUB The Oakfield High School Girls' Glee club (of 1909) has developed greatly since the year of its organization in 1908, and judging by the prominence thus far attained it bids fair to be very successful in the future. When the club started its work for this year three old members, Lola Pratt, Lucile Edwards and Lenore Zielke, were found missing. As this left only ten members, a meeting was called and Bessie Cragoe, Eva Paynter and Nora Locke were elected to fill their places. The members at present are: Jennie Pratt, president: Clarya Gordon, vice- president: Hazel Worthing, secretary and treasurer; Olive Susan, pianist: Ethel Bristol, Ella Messner. Lulu Ripley, Bessie Burns, Flora Morgan, Elsie Parr Jt, Eva Paynter, Nora Locke and Bessie Cragoe. To our instructors, Miss Jessie Watson and Miss Winnie Donaldson, we wish to offer a word of praise for their untiring patience, and the willingness, readiness and cheerfulness with which they have sacrificed the hours they might have called their own to aid us in our work. It it through their efforts that the Glee club has won such hearty applause at every public appearance and has made a name and fame for itself in Oakfield. And not in Oakfield alone has it won success, for we cannot forget how Principal O’Niel of Oshkosh said from the platform at our declamatory contest that the Oakfield Glee club rivalled the one at his own school. Although the boys have recently organized a glee club in opposition to our own. we feel that they will not cast the girls in the shadow, but will rather be a valuable help in spreading the fact that the Oakfield high school possesses abundant and excellent musical material, and boys and girls who are willing to use their talents. BOVS’ GLEE CLUB President, Ralph Randall. Vice-president, Carl Cragoe. Secretary and treasurer, Claude Cragoe. Members: Harry White, Ralph Atkins, Allen Sampson, Carl Cragoe, Clayton Tupper, Claude Cragoe, Ralph Randall. During the latter part of this year a new and important feature of school life was introduced in the form of the organization of a Boys’ Glee club. The idea was eagerly accepted by the male singers of our school, especiallv as it offered an opportunity to defy the long-envied Girls’ Glee club.' After many weeks of diligent practice they appeared for the first time in the program of the declamatory contest. The number was most enthusiastically received by the audience, which so encouraged the boys that they smilingly reappeared with an exceedingly “cute” encore. This splendid success was due to the efficient leadership of the Misses Watson and Donaldson, to whom the boys are truly grateful. It is the first time in the history of our high school that such an organization has been formed among the boys, and it proves that our school is certainly progressing. It is an easy matter for the girls who have been used to “showing off” in public since they could walk, talk and perform before a crowd of critical listeners, especially as they realized that their fine frills, furbelows and curls would detract attention from the errors in their rendition, but it is an entirely different proposition with the boys. They are looked at and listened to for their musical abilities alone; therefore be it resolved that the boys deserve more honor and credit for the formation of their club than do the girls. (Plague ’em!) FACULTY RECEPTION The assembly room of the high school was the scene of a jolly time Saturday evening, Feb. 13, when the teachers entertained the members of the high school and the school board at a Valentine party. Upon entering the room one saw nothing to suggest a school room, the desks having been re- moved and rockers and easy chairs provided for the guests. The blackboards were hidden by white crepe paper decorated with red hearts of every size. Red portieres with heart pendants adorned the doorways. The library laboratory, and corridors were decorated and lighted by Japanese lanterns. Each guest was presented with one of Cupid’s darts and requested to find the heart corresponding with it in number. On these hearts each one found his fortune. The fortunes were then read aloud and caused much amusement by the peculiar adaptation of some of the fortunes to their readers. Each guest was then blindfolded in turn and requested to pin his dart as near as possible to the center of a large heart suspended on the north wall of the room. Altho a number found the heart many darts were lodged upon the east and west walls. The prize was awarded to Ralph Randall. Using the word, ‘‘Heart ’ each guest was requested to write an arcostic poem. There were many good poems written and Ethel Bristol was awarded the prize for the best. Partners for supper were procured by choosing the girl’s hand as it was extended thru an opening in a great red heart. A fine supper was served, the table being decorated with red hearts and carnations. After supper a peanut contest was engaged in, W. E. Bristol winning the first prize, having carried the greatest number of peanuts upon a knife across the room in one minute. The two carrying the smallest number, Nora Locke and Claude Cragoe, then engaged in another race. The unfortunates were placed in chairs opposite one another, each given a dish of salted peanuts and a spoon and after being blindfolded requested to feed each other. Miss Locke’s attempts to feed Mr. Cragoe ended in filling his coat collar. Thruout the contest was exciting and caused much merriment. The guests departed at midnight all agreeing that the evening could not have been more enjoyably spent. JUNK)R-SENI()R RECEPTION The evening of December 11, 1908, witnessed a scene of gay festivity at the Bank hall. The room was beautifully decorated with the Junior and Senior colors and presented a cozy and home-like appearance. One corner especially attracted a great deal of attention. The pupils, two-by two, were seen to drift slowly toward it, casting many glances about them to see if anyone had “got the start” of them. Those who found no one there would hastily slip into the pleasant seat, amid the sofa pillows, to spend a few minutes in a peaceful tete-a-tete. The entire evening was thoroughly enjoyed by every participant. Many novelties in the way of entertaining had been prepared by the Juniors which showed that they had spent a great deal of time in preparation of the event. The fore part of the evening was spent in interesting contests, which called out the thinking capacity of each person and granted to the brightest (or most lucky) prizes. At 11 o’clock an elaborate luncheon was served. The tables were daintily decorated with smilax and presented a very pleasing appearance. During the Inter part of the evening:—or was it the early part of the morning:?—the participants entered heartily into an auction sale, followed by some grood old-fashioned grames. All went home feeling: that the Juniors were most royal entertainers, and were to be complimented on their first class reception. SENIOR RETURN RECEPTION The faculty and members of the Junior class were very enjoyable entertained at the Bank hall on the evening: of April 16, 1909, the occasion being: tIk return party by the Seniors. The hall was beautifully decorated with the colors of the two classes, and also with a variety of banners. During the evening a great many guessing contests were engaged in. one very interesting one being the guessing of silhouttes of the members present. Shortly before midnight luncheon was served in the “cafe” corner, where the prettily decorated tables and festooned walls presented a most captivating appearance. The place cards for the occasion were cardboard squares daintily painted with the Seniors’ class flower, pink rose, and the Junior pennants of lavender and cream. After sundry “after-dinner games the guests departed, being well pleased with their evening’s entertainment. LYCEUM Of. all the hard tasks throughout the year, About the worst is to appear Upon the Lyceum program; But what good does it do to balk, On empty air we waste our talk About the Lyceum program. The Freshies say, and rightly, too, “We are too green to come in view Upon a Lyceum program.” But as the sun will dry green wood. Those programs do the Freshies good, Those awful Lyceum programs. The Sophomores say, “We are smart Enough to fill in every part Upon a Lyceum program.” But if a power some gift would give ’em, To see themselves as Seniors see ’em. They’d say, “No Lyceum program.” The Juniors say, “The path is rough, And here we can’t put up a bluff On an old Lyceum program.” And so they strive as best they can To free them from that awful ban To appear on Lyceum programs. The Seniors say, “Our work is fierce; We ought to have the right to pierce Our names from Lyceum program. Hut, oh, alas, they can't escape. And ’round them, too, must ever drape The pall of Lyceum program. WOMEN OF AMERICA When one reads of the great deeds of men and women who have given their lives for the betterment of humanity, they find themselves thrilling with genuine inspirations and they sometimes long to he like those nobler ones, to follow in their footsteps. Daily we read or hear of the deeds of some of our noted men, but how rarely do we hear anything said of the self-sacrificing devotion of our women; and where, may I ask. can we find more inspiring examples than in the lives of many noble American women? As a general fact, the most remarkable development in civilization has been achieved through associations, and thus we find, on looking into the lives of our women, that those who have done the most far-reaching good, as a rule, were leaders in some class of women s societies. An English woman, at the end of a year spent in traveling over the United States, exclaimed: “The most American thing in all America is the American woman’s club!’’ Although men long ago discovered the benefit of organization in finance and in all the trades and professions, women, having lived a more or less solitary life, have awakened to the power of union only within the last few years. The piincipal classes of organizations of ■women found in our country at tin present day, are church, civic and social societies. We learned that women organized first in the church: most of the practical charity of the tlreek and Roman ( atholic churches was rained on hv women. These churches have always rewarded the women who showed executive ability by committing great interests to then-charge, by covering them with honors and by conferring upon them great authority. The Protestant communities have followed the example of the mother church and today the practical charity of dl t hristian communities is in the hands of women. The deaconesses of the Methodists, the sisterhood of the Anglican church, the home and missionary societies of all tin- churches are controlled by them. After women had organized in the church they took anothei step by forming civic societies for the improvement of themselves and the rest of humanity. Some of these are the Temperance Union. Suffrage Association and many others that deal with various Questions, such as child labor, pure food, hygienic conditions, prison reform, education, and, in a word, all the great philanthropic movements of tlie time. The good accomplished by these women cannot be overestimated. Then, again, during later years, the women of our country have started organizations of a social trend. These societies correspond to and aid the associations of men. Of these, we have the Woman’s Relief Corps, the Eastern Star, Rebeccas, Royal Neighbors and Ladies of the Maccabees. It is a well known fact that these societies, in their efforts to brighten the social life of a community by offering pure, wholesome amusement to its people, are bettering conditions around them. Right here it might he well to bring forward to the eye a few illustrious characters who have been great figures in the progress of our country, but have nearly faded out of sight in the rush of new events and interests. A beautiful illustration of the heroism of our American women can well be found in the life of the greatest woman philanthropist of our generation, Frances E. Willard. We can merely touch here upon the labors and services of this woman, who devoted the best part of her life to laboring for the good of the race, confining her efforts particularly to the cause of temperance. She was born in Churchville, N. Y., in 1839. Educated in private schools, she early became a teacher, first in a primitive red school house, ten miles from Chicago, then, in 1862. professor of the Pittsburg college. During the early years of her life she showed an earnestness in her work and an independence of spirit along with sentiments in regard to slavery and intemperance that bore abundant fruit in after years. She soon left the profession as a teacher, and for a quarter of a century engaged, heart and soul, in the work of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, of which for nearly twenty years she was president. As a speaker, as a leader, and as a writer Miss Willard gained rare credit, and when. Feb. 17. 1898, the telegraph flashed the news to all parts of the American continent that Frances Willard was dead, it carried grief to the hearts of millions. It is seldom that the death of one person brings sorrow to so many souls as in the case of Miss Willard. What had she done? Why was she so greatly beloved the world over? It was her philanthropic spirit, her labors for the good of humanity, her great deeds and her devotion, in particular, to the cause of temperance. Frances Willard was great in that she formed a union, but she was surely greatest when she made a woman's union, concentrating and combining all the highest womanly forces for the moral uplift of home and native land. Another brilliant example of sacrifice found in the field of philanthropy in America is the beautiful and useful career of Clara Barton. What Florence Nightingale was to the Old World, Clara Barton has been to the new. But her services have not been confined to the New World, for she has done the same work in France and Armenia and then devoted her ceaseless activities to the relief of the starving Cubans and to the sick and wounded American soldiers in Cuba. Therefore her name is well chosen as a representative woman. A marvelous amount of work has been crowded into this one life. She was born in Oxford, Mass., in 1830. She early learned to earn her own living, was a thorough housekeeper and, as clerk and bookkeeper for her brother, she learned the rules of business. Educated in the public schools, she became clerk in the United States patent office, but lost her position because slit' was suspected of holding anti-slavery sentiments. When tIn Civil war began she devoted herself to the care of wounded soldiers on the battlefield and brought comfort to thousands of families by tracing the fates of more than thirty thousand men. In 1881, on the organization of the Red Cross Society, she became its president, and in this office her noble work at home and abroad in mitigating the human suffering caused by war, pestilence, famine and calamities has set a very noble example of self-denying labor. Tier’s is certainly a beautiful life, and still active, earnest, vigorous, diligent. Soldiers are exempt from war at forty-five years of age, but Miss Barton does not exempt herself at sixty-eight. Another name that can well be brought forward as a type of true womanhood is that of Susan Brownell Anthony, one of the pioneers in the suffrage movement in America, who devoted her life to the struggle for the betterment of the conditions of her sex. She was born in South Adams, Mass., in 1820. After receiving her education at a friend’s hoarding school, in Philadelphia, she taught in New York for fifteen years. Iler public career began in 18-17, when she began lecturing on temperance and became prominent as an agitator for the abolition of slavery ; but she is best known by her labors to secure equal civil rights today it is o realized fact that the women of America have fully kept pace for women. Miss Anthony’s active participation in the movement for woman's suffrage started in the fifties. As early as 1854 she was arranging conventions throughout New York to “emancipate woman, mindful, no doubt, of her recent experience as a school teacher, on the munificent wage of $1.00 a week. She was instrumental in obtaining for women the right to speak, vote, serve on committees in educational and other conventions and in 1892 she became president ot the National American Woman Suffrage Association, in which office she remained until her death in 1906. Our attention is here claimed by another noted American woman Julia Ward Howe, reformer, agitator and also a poetess. Mis. Howe may not be so well known to the public as some other women of our country who devoted their lives for the good of others, but she was none the less devoted to this work. She was born in New York ( ity in 1819. All through her life she was interested in the welfare of others. It was after she was married to Dr. Samuel Howe that she became universally known. She took a deep interest in her husband’s philanthropic labors and aided him in editing the “Commonwealth,’ an antislavery magazine. She was also a zealous worker in the cause for woman’s suffrage. For a number of years she was president of the Woman’s Advancement Association. There are many noble women in America busy in various directions, in literature, in education, in religious work: women distinguished as reformers, on the platform and in associated charities, but the most brilliant examples of sacrifice ar � found in the field of philanthropy, and with the men in the making of our history and in the making of it noble. Phebe Crumb LITERATURE AS AN EDUCATOR Literature is of great value as an educator. By literature we mean the written expression of human thoughts embodied in various forms of composition. It embraces history, poetry, criticism, essays, novels, stories, biographies and travels: in fact, all books where moral truth and human passion are touched with a certain largeness, sanity and attraction of form. There are thousands of these books read all over the world every day, but the class which seems to have found favor among the people of all nations is the novel. Many people read these books for amusement and pastime without any view of improvement. Thus they often select books with attractive titles which, though interesting, are of little educational value. After reading these books they find they have gained nothing except a few bad expressions and have wasted a great deal of time without bein repaid. If these people were told that literature improved the mind they would say that it was of little value as an educator, but only of value as a pastime. If they would read some book in which the author has put his best thoughts and ideas their mind would be improved unconsciously, since in these books he has striven to give us the best. They are freighted with thought and, though written in a simple style, there is something which will cause the reader to think, and the books which help you most are those which make you think most. There are two kinds of novels: the one that instructs and does positive good and the one that has not even one merit, but does a great deal of harm. The first is beneficial, and read and appreciated only by the educated or those wishing to improve their minds. The latter is commonly known as the dime novel and is read only for amusement by people who have no idea of the great value of literature. The instructive novel deals with facts which are worth remembering and presents them in an interesting way. Its object in education is to open the mind, to correct it, to refine it, to enable it to comprehend and digest its knowledge, to give it power over its own faculties, application, flexibility, method, critical exactness and expression. If one reads with these as liis aim his reading will richly repay him. Such books are the voices of the past and present, the true levelers of society’. The.v give to all who will faithfully use them the society and spirited presence of the best and greatest of our race. Good literature gives us an idea of the life of the people before us, of their efforts and temptations, their failures and successes; of the good they have done for later generations and of the conditions and circumstances which caused their deeds. By doing this it contributes to the reader’s knowledge of things, broadens his ideas and is a world of sweet company for any mood and hour. In these books great men talk to us, give us their most precious thoughts and pour their souls into ours. It is chiefly through them that we enjoy intercourse with superior minds and understand the character of the different races without mingling with them. But if they are to help us in life we must know exactly what each author said and not merely remember vaguely that in a certain book he said something that would suit our present purpose. It is in this way that great speakers are always able to express their ideas in good form. They have retained the best passages and thoughts of the greatest authors and made them of value to them by using them to bring out their own thoughts. It was by reading such books that the minds of our greatest authors and heroes have been influenced. Take, for instance, Benjamin Franklin, a man noted for his high ideals and his great services to the colonists and even to the people of today, both as a statesman and author. When still a youth he was a lover of books and read with the view of improvement. One day he read Cotton Mather’s “Essay to Do Good.” This book had the power to influence his later life. In his “Poor Richard’s Almanac,” the influence of this book is shown. In Poor Richard’s sayings, he gives good advice to the people with a view of improving and bettering their taken from other authors and made over to suit his purpose. That they were appreciated by the people is very evident, as they were in many cases the only literature found in the house. They were circulated and practiced among the colonists and even found their way into England and France. They are of such great value that even the people of the present day are heard to repeat them and observed to put them in practice. The dime novel is read for amusement and pastime and without any idea of the little good it is or the great harm it does. The readers do not realize the unwholesome and vicious tendency it creates in their thoughts and actions. It is written with a view of exciting the interest by a series of thrilling events. Thus the mind is kept in a continual state of excitement and instead of resting, the nerves are kept in a strained condition. It is received by the mind as a stimulant, seeming to rest it conditions. Most of his sayings are not his own, but noble thoughts while acting upon it, but when its stimulating effects have passed off it leaves it weak and tired from the heavy strain. People who read this kind of literature are never satisfied with the calm, restful story. They must have something which is very exciting or they are not satisfied. As literature acts as a suggester of thoughts, the reading of trashy literature should lie avoided and only such as leaves good impressions and inspirations should he read. The good literature selected should create good images, as they have the power over strong as well as weak minds. Evil communications received by the reading of trashy literature corrupt good manners and tend to lower a person’s morals. The perfect novel must be clean and sweet, it must tell its tale to all mankind; righteous and sinner, pure and defiled, just and unjust. It must have the magic to fascinate and the power to hold its reader from first to last. And most important of all, it must give something of value to the reader in exchange for his time and energy. The reader must not read the first book he comes to, but must be guided by his own judgment. A reader who pays little attention to the selection of books is apt to learn nothing which will be of value to him. lie must go about his reading with some definite aim or purpose if he wishes to get a great deal out of it. If he has a special aim in mind, as the study of law, it will be to his advantage to read systematically: that is to read only such books as will help him obtain knowledge in this line. By so doing he will not waste his precious moments on, literature which will not help him to secure that which he desires. A good way for every reader to do is to have a pen or pencil in hand while reading, and take down what is striking, interesting or suggestive. This should be kept in a note book with everything under a head, division or subdivision. This will help to concentrate the thoughts on the passage and make him alive to its real point and significance. The best of these passages should be learned in order to make our reading of value to us in active life. This is the reason pupils in school are requested to learn passages from their reading or English lessons. Literature is used in nearly all studies in school, either directly in the class work or in the supplementary exercises. If a class is studying about a battle in history and is able to read an interesting story connected with this battle it is much more easily remembered. This is because it appeals by details and suggestive words to the pupils’ imagination and emotion and thus by connecting it with some interesting event enables him to better remember it. It aids in grammar and English by giving the pupil a taste in the choice of words, teaching him the correct use of good English, good form of expression and extending the vocabulary by the correct use of many new words which can be obtained so easily in no other way. It helps the student to interpret to himself his own impressions and judgments. One of the pmrposes of a school education is to enlarge the pupil’s imagination. A good aid for this is the reading of good literature. If the imagination, however fanciful its vision, must be enlarged, it must use pre-existing materials which can only be found in nature or its literature; it must find them in the state of things as they are, or in the great records of the human mind, literature. Therefore the reader should be very particular in his choice of literature. He should choose such books as will be of value to him and still serve his purpose, whether it be improvement or pastime. If the mind is easily governed by passing opinions, he should be all the more careful in his choice and seek for some book which will elevate and strengthen his ideals instead of lowering them. He should profit by the experiences of the great men before him, who have given to him their best thoughts, and he alone is to blame if he does not secure something of value in exchange for his time and energy. Maggie Smith A SLAVE’S CHAMPION Negro slavery originated in Africa and was first introduced into the United States in 1619. At this time a Dutch trading vessel stopping at the Jamestown harbor sold our southern planters nineteen of these people, thus forming the greatest curse to our progress. The south soon began to consider the slave as an essential factor in its progress. Slavery consequently grew very rapidly until the year 1808, when further importation was forbidden. At the beginning of the Civil war the slave population numbered eight million souls. We thus had as a result of over two hundred years of slavery a large class of worthless and ignorant people. Yet we do find instances where the negro slave, when given an opportunity, has won a name and place in our history. Such is Frederick Douglas. He stands in the history of our country as one of America’s greatest orators, even rivalling the great Webster in voice, in richness of tones and in directness of delivery; an orator that held his listeners spellbound and one whom they never could forget. Through his oratory and his experience as a slave he stands as a champion of his oppressed race. This famous negro was born at Luckahoe in the eastern part of Maryland. His father was a white man and his mother a negro slave, one of the field hands. She was tall, stately and very attractive. Although only a hired hand, she had the distinction of being the only slave in Luckahoe that could read. The first seven years of Douglas’ life were spent playing with other negro children at the cabin of his grandmother, Betsy Bailey. At the age of seven he was taken to the home of his master. Although tyrannized over by a cross old cook, he was happy in this new home because he could occasionally see his mother, but the joy was fleeting from him, as she soon died. At the age of ten he was sent to Baltimore to be an errand boy for a relative of his master, Hugh Auld. Mrs. Auld, a kind-hearted lady, took a liking to the boy and taught him to read the Bible, thereby sowing seeds which were destined to bring forth fruit. He obtained three books, the Bible, a Webster’s speller and the Columbia Orator, all of which he studied secretly, and by bribing his white playmates to give him lessons in spelling and reading he soon became a proficient scholar. He knew he would have to learn to read and write if he were ever to carry out his long-nurtured plan of escaping to the north. Many of his leisure hours were spent in his master’s shipyard, where he noticed the carpenters writing something on the lumber after dressing it. By asking questions he was told the names of those letters, and by practicing each over and over again in the privacy of his room he learned them. But his easy life soon came to an end. for his old master died. Douglas was then taken to St. Michaels. Md., the home of his new master, Thomas Auld. Here he was very unhappy, and because he did not submit willingly to the abuses and hardships of slavery was sent to spend a year with a celebrated slave holder and breaker. In after years, in speaking of his life here, he said: “I never had sufficient time to eat or sleep, except on Sundays. The overwork and the brutal chastisements of which I was a victim, combined with the ever-gnawing and destroying thought, ‘I am a slave—a slave for life!’ rendered me a living embodiment of terror, both of mental and physical.” When this year was over, however, his life became more cheerful, for he was hired out to a kind gentleman by the name of William Prieland. Here he had time to plan his escape, which he carried out by dressing as a sailor and carrying a sailor’s certificate. Douglas traveled by rail to New York, a little boldness and good luck carrying him through. It was in this place that he received the name of Douglas, being given to him by a negro named Johnson because he saw a likeness between the runaway and the fugitive in Scott’s “Lady of the Lake.” Douglas then moved to New Bedford and worked as a day laborer, at the same time studying evenings and attending anti-slavery meetings at which Garrison and other leading men were present. His first speech was made in one of these meetings. He did so well that lie was immediately offered employment by Mr. Garrison. From this time Douglas grew rapidly in knowledge and expression. He became such an efficient factor in aiding against the Door Constitution and in other anti-slavery questions that lie was appointed to the “One Hundred Conventions” of the New England Anti-Slavery society. These speakers were often mistreated, and especially Douglas on account of his color. 11 is association with such men as Monroe, Phillips and Garrison produced good effects on such a person as Douglas. Although eight years ago he was a slave, lie was now writing his own experiences under the name of the now famous Frederick Douglas. As his writings were-being widely read, he was now in danger of being captured and taken back to slavery. To prevent this he went to England. Here he spoke on the slavery question and was received with hearty welcome by all who heard him. After he had been in England two years, Douglas was willing to come hack, even if he were in danger of being brought back to slavery, but his English friends bought his freedom and gave him enough money to start a newspaper. During the period of John Brown’s raid no one took more interest in this than Douglas, for Mr. Brown and Douglas were great friends. The former had been planning to free the slaves, and now, in spite of the entreaties of the latter, foolishly made a failure of it. The fact that Douglas had gone to see Brown in an abandoned stone quarry in Penn- sylvania the night before the raid caused him to become known ami Douglas tied to Canada, and thence to England, lie, however, returned home within six months to aid Lincoln in his first campaign. When the war broke out Douglas urged England not to recognize the seceding states. Me was to suggest the employment of colored troops in the federal army. lie warned his friends to he ready and his two sons, Charles and Lewis, were the first to enlist in the army of New York, both surviving the war, in which they fought with great bravery. At the end of the war Douglas was satisfied by seeing his people free. They were, however, still below the white people in education, lie devoted the remainder of his life in encouraging these people to better prepare themselves for their new life and was recognized as a great factor in uplifting his race. In 1870 he was appointed a member of the Santo Domingo commission by President Grant and after his return he was appointed presidential elector for New York. He also served as minister to 11 ayti and at the time of the World's Columbian exposition he acted as commissioner for it. Mrs. Douglas died in 1892 and two years later he married Miss Pitts and soon retired to Cedar Hill, near Washington. Here he quietly spent the remainder of his life. It was in February, 1895, that he fell suddenly ill and passed away before assistance could be secured. 11 is sudden death was a great shock to his friends and the nation, lie was the leader of the negroes, and, to some degree, of the white man. The appreciation of his greatness is shown by the erection of a beautiful bronze monument to his memory in Rochester Ralph Randall GLE-E C 1__U -BS MR. CURTIS’ DREAM Our principal sat in his office, All tired and weary and worn, Bolstered up in his chair and the desk there, He looked, O! so sad and folorn! His eyes, with a weary light in them. On great piles of papers did gaze Until, with a sigh of exhaustion. They were lost in a dim sleepy haze. And if you had looked in upon him. He would seem in a sweet sleep to be lost, With his lashes on hollow cheeks resting, And his black hair all carelessly tossed. But the quiet of sleep was not for him, Nor fields of oblivion sweet. What was it that loomed up before him. With wild eyes and such monstrous feet? Oh! well knows he that form familiar, Retribution and Ward all in one; And he trembles and shivers with terror. And wishes, in fear, he might run. Thru the stillness there comes a voice awful, ‘‘Now Prof., you may march to the front, And Olive will pass to the organ, And you may do my former stunt. The principal seemed to obey him. Soon marched he to music so rare That he ought to have stepped in fine order, But somehow he couldn’t march there. With eighty wide eyes fixed upon him. With Ward shouting. “Faster you go! He got so mortified, really, That the tears were ready to flow, He marched down the stairs to the music. And he marched thru the room once again. And what were the tortures remaining, I can’t suitably tell with my pen. ATHLETICS The Athletic Association has now become a fixed department in the High School. Although it is not in what you might call a prosperous fi lancial condition at present, it expects to be on its feet agiin soon and carrying on the good work during the coming school year. In the past year the association has put o it two good teams in football and two in basketball. The football season was not continued very long as the team was hindered by a lack of material. The basketball season was one of the most successful ever had in this high sch 1, the team playing six mitch games. The interest in tennis has not diminished. One evidence of this is our new stone court which has been built this year. The work on it started at the beginning of the school year but after it was nearly finished it was found that it would be too soft to play on until after the winter had packed the surface. The court was finally finished in the spring and has proved itself a success beyond all expectations,, so that we now have as fine a tennis court as can be found in many colleges. The football team was organized after some difficulty, from the high school and grammar departments. The team spent some time practicing' under the coaching of Mr. Curtis. I he first game on Oct. 3rd proved to-be the hardest of the season. The team met the Horicon High School team on the IIoricon grounds. Horicon had greatly improved since the defeat they suffered at our hands two years ago and their team proved to lie as husky a bunch of players as an Oakfield team had ever had the pleasure of meeting. They were to much for us and although we succeeded in scoring once we could not repeat the act. The score at the end of the game was 2—5. On Oct. 10 we met the Brandon High School team on their own grounds, and although our boys fought nobly to score on them, the game was called, with the score standing IS 0 in favor of Brandon On Oct. 30 the Brandon team came to Oakfield. The game was full ot L T I! — strife and contention and after several small disputes with the referee the game was called off without either team having scored. The Oakfield line up is as follows:— Basketball was looked forward to with great expectation this year, as everything seemed to be in favor of a successful season. Both boys and girls organized two teams each and practice games were soon in progress. The first game played was at Brandon, Nov. 26th., 1908. This was the first game for some of our players and all were somewhat handicapped by the height of the hall. The game resulted in a defeat for Oakfield but one not to be ashamed of as the score was only IT—11. A game was scheduled for Dec. 4th with Oshkosh, but the team failed to appear and instead, a game was played between the city and high school teams. This game proved an easy victory for the boys and resulted in a score of 22—12. Jan. 28th, 1909, our team again went down to defeat before the Alumni team, all of whom were former stars of our High School. The game with Fond du Lac on Jan. 15th was the best game of the season. As a curtain raiser the two high school girl teams were matched. They were loudly applauded by the spectators and highly complimented on their excellent playing. The boys’ game was hotly contested from start to finish but the Fond du Lac team proved to have the greater endurance and snatched what looked like a victory from our hands in the last few minutes of play. The score stood 35—21. On Feb. 19th our team met the high school team of Rosendale at that place. Although we were somewhat out of practice and handicapped by the height of the hall Oakfield succeeded in coining out ahead by a score of 17—12. The last game of the season resulted in another victory, the defeat administered by the Brandon team being wiped out on Feb. 26th, when the teams that met in the first game came together. The score was 32—10 in favor of Oakfield. The team was as follows:— Left Half Back Right Half Back Full Back Quarter Back Left End Right End Left Tackle Right Tackle I eft Guard Right Guard Center Allen Sampson -Captain Claude Cragoe Hugh Worthing Clyde Morgan Eddie McKnight Ralph Randall Grant Shortt Chesti r Shortt Halbert Ball Harry White Clifford Schoonover Center Right Forward Left Forward Right Guard Left Guard Hugh Worthing—Chester Shortt Claude Cragoe, (Captain) Carl Cragoe—Ralph Randall Allen Sampson Ralph Atkins CLASS POEM The glorious class of “nineteen nine ’ Is worth well to hear It's praises sung by Milton blind, By Longfellow, Keats, Shakespeare. But since by force of circumstance Such rights could not be had. The class will have to be content With a rhymer very bad. Whom shall we first now eulogize If not our President, Who’s th’ “candy-kid” of all the school By unanimous consent. For Claude has many offices. All big enough. I’m sure. To turn his head entirely round, If ’twern’t fastened in front secure. Next comes dear gentle Phoebe, With a winning smile for all, Unless she’s mad at Physics. And plans to attend a grand Bawl. But then, she never has done that yet, So far as I can learn, And we’re all much attached to Phebe Whose failing is—Boys to spurn. Unless it were for Maggie Smith, Our class would lose so much Of dignity and repose, We’d quite forget their touch. For type writing accomplishment Miss Maggie’s such a love. She dived right in with all the boys, To learn the keys to shove. Ralph R.. the Hustisford import. We dearly love to tease, But we don't see why, when we talk of his Pc lie can't be at his ease. He’s the lad. oh don't you know, Who's got the real “Dutch” twang, And when we hear him spouting that, We’d like to let “Dutch” go hang! What would we do, I’d like to know, Without Miss Eva fair? For she's the Valedictorian, And she’s smart enough to scare! Why Eva, she could write a theme On. “Training Hands and Feet,” And the last part of that essay. Just simply couldn’t he beat. Miss Guli is the daintiest Miss You’ll ever want to see, Tho the report has got around She's particular to a degree. Now Guli can do most anything, That she takes a notion to do, And she's quite a notional miss, you see, So she comes, well, quite a few. Flora an original pillar is, Of the class of “nineteen-nine,” She came thru tears and smiles alike, From Grade one,—pretty good sign. She knows a lot about boys and books, And say, but I'd like to know, Which one she really enjoys the most, The “Beloit One” or Physics, O ho! If it hadn't been for the honorable Hugh, How many and many a time, We'd have missed a grand old argument. Which I can't explain in rhyme. It once was reported of Hugh, I believe, That lie voted with his class, And whether that is a truth or no. We'll have to let it pass. There’s a girl belongs to this dandy class, With yellow, curly hair. And tho her name is Clara G., To call her “Fatty” we dare. She's very good-natured about it all, But then, she well may be. For she has got a lot of beaux, Wh. T, more than two or three. Harold is indispensable too, To this class of eleven strong. He'll do whatever you ask of him, Unless its very wrong. He used to be awful bashful, too, When he first eamc here to school, But since we've Brothered” him so much, He's not bashful now, as a rule. Jennie P. is the last to appear, Within this jangling rhyme, And she's the least in size in the class, So she's last and least this time. Miss Jennie’s affinity is, I guess, To teach wee little folks, And always, ever, to see the point, To all good passing jokes. The rhymer bad must stop her play, For the class is now dissected, And you have your ideas of each one, As by these lines directed, And pray remember this brilliant class, For it's worthy of your thought. And tho poorly represented. Great things in its course has wrought. LIMERICKS We all have a school mate named “Brother.” And like him, there is no other, And try to beat him If you can at a grin This schoolmate of ours named Brother.” There once was a Clayton, so slim. Who, believe me, was certainly trim. His collars and cuffs Were certainly no bluffs And he made a figure, quite trim. There once was a good boy named Chessie.” Who tried with a stick to poke Bessie But the teacher, O Lor’ Let him down on the floor. Then he said. This is no joke, I guessie.” Ralph is laboring under a spell Cast around him by Pearl, the Belle. He cried most a quart Which was more than he or't When one morning they said, “Farewell.” PROPHECY One evening, as I was sitting in my chair, I began thinking of the class of 1909 of the Oakfield high school and wondering what they might be doing. As it was about ten years since I had been on earth, I decided to take my aeroplane and ride there. I had not quite resolved whether I should visit my friends on the other planet or whether I should ride around over earth and perhaps, by chance, see them. My curiosity in regard to tFem was becoming greater, and so at last I decided on a plan which seemed to me rather delightful. To the aeroplane I fastened eleven long wires with little magnetic balls at the end of each, which had written on them the names of the class of 1909. These balls had such magnetic force that by letting them fall they would be attracted to the person whose name might be on them. I also had a large ogenscope which would be called a telescope in your country. By the aid of this I was enabled to see into the interior of different buildings. The balls and ogenscope wrere a new invention which I had never tried before, so I will relate to you the success of my venture. As I was sailing in the vicinity of Venus I noticed the peculiar agitation of one of the metallic spheres. Before I had time to wonder at this strange action, one of the balls went whizzing through the air in the direction of this planet. I immediately suspected that some one of the class must be located here. Looking through my ogenscope, I was enabled to see into a large amphitheater crowded with throngs of people who seemed to be restlessly awaiting their speaker. As I gazed a stately form appeared that seemed strangely familiar, and as I looked closely I recognized Hugh, a member of the class of 1909. On one side of the platform was a large map, and on' the other side a long pole, to wThich w as attached a small “Lock.” At school Hugh was ever trying to convince his classmates of impossible things, and now as I saw him before this audience with this map and pole I could plainly see that he wras trying to convince his listeners by means of his map that he had found the north pole on earth, and had brought it to the planet to show the people there. He was likewise trying to convince his listeners that he wras unable to do this remarkable feat without bringing the “Lock” with him. As the ship had by this time become restless, I decided to move on in the direction of earth, and I immediately pressed the button of a secret spring and was soon flying through the air. When I was about fifty miles from earth I threw over the side of the ship four of the long wires whose balls had inscribed on them the names Eva Paynter, Ralph Randall, Maggie Smith and Guli Orvis. They circled around and around for some time, when suddenly one of them hit the window of a large building in Paris. I then looked through my ogenscope and my attention was drawn to a young lady seated before an easel. She had a number of street urchins posing before her, so she was deeply absorbed in her work. Suddenly she stood up to inspect the results of her labor, and I caught sight of two merry gray eyes framed by an abundance of shining hair. On a second glance I discovered it was Eva Paynter, who, I should judge from the specimens around her, w7as becoming renowned as a sculptress and artist. I watched her for a few minutes, and then decided to investigate, the destination of one of the other balls. This time I was led to a magnificent building surrounded by beautiful grounds, situated on the shore of Sugarbush river, Arabia. I wondered and wondered who might be seeking “Pearls” in this distant country, and. to my astonishment, I saw7 a young man overseeing a force of men who wrere breaking clam shells. I looked critically at him for a few minutes and soon recognized Ralph Randall. It seems that he must have been very successful in his chosen field, as everything around him indicated luxury. Leaving Ralph hunting for “Pearls,” I then followed the third w7ire, which led me directly to Boston, Mass. Who should I see this time but Maggie, who at the present v7as conducting a school of domestic science in that city. I was especially interested in this establishment because Maggie had invented so many improved methods that she w7as able to prepare a meal in a few moments. But her greatest invention was that of a concentrated pill, which w7as so concocted that one of them contained sufficient nourishment to sustain human life for a w7eek. These w7on much favor among intellectual people, but not among epicureans. I disliked very much to leave this interesting school, but as I knew I must be back at Mars upon the following day I immediately turned to follow7 the next wire. This time I found myself looking down upon the ruins of Alexandria, where Guli in one of the old libraries w7as engaged in the stupendous task of compiling the ancient tablets w7hich had been buried so long. It seemed as though she must have had a Sampsonian powrer to accomplish this wonderful work, as many people had tried before to found a library in this old intellectual city, but had been unsuccessful. As I had seen and heard so much of the success of these few of the class of 1909. I now became highly interested in this unique work, and at once released five more balls. The first one conducted me to the banana groves of the Philippines surrounding a low, rambling, colonial structure that proved upon closer inspection to be a girls’ seminary, at the head of w7hich was Phebe Crumb. It had always been her wish to be at the head of a large school, and now7, it seems, she had realized her ambition. I then noticed that one of the other magnetic balls seemed to be not far distant, and upon following it I found myself upon an orange ranch in Texas. Whom should I find here but Clayra, who I knew had been a great contralto singer in Europe, but had been obliged to come to Texas to recuperate, and now, during her leisure hours, she was contributing valuable material to the “Scribner’s Magazine.” Noticing that another one of the wires had come to rest, I adjusted my ogenscope and to my great surprise found that I was looking upon the city of Chicago. I at once noticed the bettered conditions, of the children of the slums, who seemed to be having more of the pleasures of life. I found that this was being accomplished by the ennobling power of Jennie, who had used her elocutionary ability for this charitable work to influence the wealthy class in behalf of these poor children. The next ball had descended upon the tropical island of Porto Rico, where I found Harold, who was becoming successful in placing agriculture upon a scientific basis. Hitherto this great occupation had been carried on here in a shiftless, unintelligent way, but Harold, by his many inventions, had succeeded in making it exceedingly successful. There was only one ball left that connected my ship with earth and this proved to be one that led me directly to London. Here, seated before a king, was a young woman who seemed to be displayi ’g a new typewriter. At first I could not tell how the machine worked, as no one was manipulating the key board, but upon closer inspection I observed that there must be some mental telepathy at work, for there was a strange, intent expression on the face of the demonstrator, who proved to be none other than Flora Morgan. By this time the ship was becoming restless, which I found was due to the magnetic power of the last ball. This irresistible power caused my machine to be drawn rapidly in the direction of Neptune. This power became so great that the ball broke- through the bottom and shot like a flash to the planet. When just a few feet above the latter the aeroplane collapsed and fell in ruins. I then hastily followed the path of the ball, which led me directly to Claude. I found him at work upon some geometrical devices, by the construction of which he was proving to the people here that he had found the fourth dimension. Upon informing him of my inability to return to my own planet, he told me that through his scientific discoveries he would be able to construct an aerial highway between Neptune and Mars. Being of an optimistic nature, I implicitly believe that he will accomplish this. HAPPINESS The Seniors pass with happy face, And now they have no solemn pace. From their heart you hear no sigh, But they gaze with cheerful eye, You pause and think, ‘T wonder why?” One looks on you with conquering eye; For don’t you know that they are done With those orations, everyone. So al] night long they take their rest. For well they know they’ve done their best. Now dreadful sights of an oration No more fill up the night’s duration. IMAGINE Imagine Nora if she were tall. Imagine .Jennie if she were small. Imagine Ralph R. without a blush. Imagine Grant with a crush. Imagine Curtis without a joke. Imagine Clifford without a smoke. Imagine Ethel without a banker. Imagine Gertrude if she were a Ianker. Imagine Clara without a beau. Imagine Hazel M. without a foe. Imagine Miss Binnie without those eyes. Imagine Miss Breitkreutz making pies. Imagine Ruth running a race. Imagine Bessie Cragoe without a smile. Imagine Ward marching a mile. Imagine Brother with some fair maid. Imagine Bessie B. if she weren't afraid. Imagine Kelsey in awful haste. Imagine Jessie if she were chased. Imagine Jennie in church doing stunts. Imagine Lulu disconcerted once. Imagine Clayton without a girl. Imagine Howard’s head in a whirl. Imagine Helen with her hair “pugged. Imagine Mariem stealing chickens. Imagine Nellie raising the dickens. Imagine Robbie not looking cute. Imagine Lida if her hair were black. Imagine Clifford sitting down on a tack. Imagine Phebe chased by bees. Or imagine nothing just as you please. PESSIMISM So cram that when examinations come, To write upon that subject which shall lead To failure and confusion and distress, Thou go not cool and quiet and possessed. As do the ones with sense in our fair school, But with a falt'ring trust approach thy doom, With tears and sighs and groans incessantly; And thou shalt that mysterious path have trod, Which all who flunk have ever trod before. APOLOGIES To the “Cynic’s” Calendar. Recitation:—Stand not upon the order of your reciting- but recite afc once. Seniors:—They think too much; such things are dangerous. Teachers:—They come from haunts to make us learn. The Explosion:—N. B. blew up the freshmen. School:—Pupils may come, and pupils may go, but exams go on forever. Senior Orations:—Theirs is not to reason why, but to do or die. Freshmen:—Give thy thots no tongue; nor any unlikely thot your act. Boys’ Glee Club:—Soft music wafted on the breeze. Die Germanstiche Gesellschaft:—Konnen sie Deutsch sprechen? Ach! da! Ja! ! Ja! ! ! ! MORE FALSEHOODS ABOUT SOPHOMORES The Sophomores took a great deal of interest in the study of Physiology this year and made excellent progress in it. Ethel Bristol studied all her lessons for a week. It is reported that Lillian Meyers talked loude nough for every one in the room to hear her. Chester Shortt always wins when he fights. Olive Susan sometimes surprises the whole school by arriving five minutes before the bell rings. Clyde Morgan always knew that you can bear more weight on a straight than on a crooked stick. Elsie Parratt is always willing to play for anyone. Jessie Reynolds did not ask the teachers’ assistance in her studies for three days. Lulu Ripley, the professed boy hater, does not believe in bluffing thru all her studies. Lloyd Filbey, a studious boy, has decided to take five studies next year. _ it Lida Best commenced reciting once before she had said, Why?” Ruth Brookins sometimes comes to school without curls. Will Orvis has promised to stop arguing during class periods. Nellie Hitchcock always gives short but interesting current events in English class. MariemSmith never helps any of the other Sophomores with their studies. The report has spread thruout the school that Harry Atkins’s step is slowly decreasing in its loudness. Hazel Worthing always uses the right word in Ancient History. Bessie Burns always has her lessons. Kelsey McChain always prefers High School girls. FAREWELL POEM ) glorious June, to thee all hail, And to thy name all praise, Thou art the heart of all our songs. The theme of all our lays. Around thee, June, will memories cling, That sweeter, fairer, seem. Than any pleasures we have felt, Since childhood’s faded dream. How is it, June, that thou canst bring, Such joy of joys with thee, And yet, within our heating hearts Canst plant, too. Sorrow’s tree? For while with lips we gladly smile, Our eyes betray the tear Of sadness lurking in the heart Which prompts both joy and fear. O June, thou truly knowest best How to make dearer still, These deys that seem all joy and hope, All ripple, song and trill. For thou dost send the sorrow, too. That we may truly prove How Memory Idled alone with joy. Would us well behoove. And thus it is that dune-tide fair A parting sad doth bring, Between the friends, before so near. Who now are taking wing. Each one of us who now belongs To the glorious class of “naught nine” Must think with sorrow that so soon Its brightness must decline. And did I say the word, “decline”? Nay, that word meant I not, For there’s no member of that class. Can e’er its fair name blot. But oh, we know, by dune-tide’s hope, That those of “nineteen nine,” Will live to cast an added fame On our long Alumni line. Dear teachers,—schoolmates it is time, For us to say “Farewell,” Tho ’ tis so hard in Howery dune, A goodbye word to tell. W e will not soon forget you tho. Our guides and friends so true; We wish you all the joys of Life, We wish you sorrows few. Each one of us must go his way; No longer side by side Can we upon Life’s pathway tread; The knot is now untied. So then—Goodbye, with handclasps strong, We leave the old home shore; But we tread on to a brighter land. Where parting is nevermore. IN THE SUPREME COURT DEFENDANT OFFENCE PLAINTIFF PLEA PUNISHMENT JENNIE PRATT Practicing her oration before daylight and thereby disturbing the peace of that portion of the city where she resides. Elsie Parratt Guilty. Work out ten Physics experiments. LULA RIPLEY Kidnapping Cats. Residents of the street where she lives. Guilty. The use of powder is prohibited. EVA PAYNTER Writing bad rhymes. Oak Leaves’ staff. Bad example Write another oration. ALLEN SAMPSON Robbing the students of 200 hours of valuable time during study period. Faculty. Overflowing with life. Shall not grin for ten minutes. RALPH RANDALL Trying to give the girls electric shocks. Mr. Curtis. Didn’t mean to. Shall work until honest sweat is seen on his brow. CLAUDE CRAGOE Putting two or three original phrases in his oration. Rest of Senior Class. Accidental variation. Deliver the oration. HAROLD BENNETT Neglecting the girls. Lots of girls. Hash fulness. Take two girls home from church every Sunday night for two months. HUGH WORTHING Winking. Nora Locke. How could I help it when I looked at her. Not to bother any girl for a week. ELLA MESSNER Managed the Junior party. Rest of the class My natural failing. He absolutely silent for one day. CLIFFORD SCHOONOVER ( Yacking too many jokes. Too numerous to mention My natural humor. Give up dramatics. PHEBE CRUMB Enthusiastic desire to teach school. Will Orvis Not guilty. Teach a country school for six weeks. GULI ORVIS Indifference. Lots of boys. Haven’t time. Smile seven times at one boy. JENNIE NORTON Growing too tall. Ella Messner Natural inclination. Wear a brick on her head for ‘one year. (Eommmrmrnt ibserriara SONG—Bridal Chorus Boys’ and Girls’ High School Glee Clubs INVOCATION Rev. Sabin Halsey SALUTATORY AND ORATION—The Romance of Conquest Jennie Pratt SONG —Morning Invitation. Boys’ and Girls' High School Glee Clubs VALEDICTORY AND ORATION—The True Citizen. Eva Paynter ADDRESS Prin. L. G. Curtis VOCAL SOLO—June Miss Elwina M. Donaldson PRESENTATION OF DIPLOMAS W. E. Bristol SONG—Goodnight Girls’ High School Glee Club (Eammrnr?m?nf (Ealm ar Sunday. May 30, 7:30 P. M. Baccalaureate Sermon Methodist Church Rev. Sabin Halsey Thursday, June 3, 8:15 P. M. Class Play—The Silent Detective Worthing Hail Friday, June 4. 8:00 P. M. Commencement Exercises Worthing Hal Tuesday, June 22, 8:00 P. M. Alumni Banquet Worthing Hall CLASS COLORS—Pink and Light Green CLASS FLOWER Pink Rose CLASS MOTTO—We Climb tho the Rocks be Rugged Eva A. Paynter, Jennie M. Pratt, Claude H. Cragoe, Flora J. Morgan, Maggie P. Smith, Harold Gulielma Orvis, Ralph B. Randall, Clarya Gordon, Phebe E. Crumb, Hugh O. Worthing, D. Bennett. SENIOR CLASS PLAY “THE SILENT DETECTIVE” Thursday Evening, June 3rd, 1909 CAST OF CHARACTERS Marcia Gray—Engaged to be married to Fred Howells Jennie Pratt Josephine Howells—A sister worth having Clary a Gordon Nellie Gray—Marcia’s Aunt Eva Paynter Mrs. Howells—Prefers a rich daughter-in-law Maggie Smith Sarah Chapman—An artist in love with Fred Howells Guli Ohyis Susan Wilkins—An old fashioned wife who sometimes writes poetry Phebe Crumb Chloe—Marcia’s Negro Nurse Flora Mom;an Mr. Gray—Marcia’s Father Harold Bennett Fred Howells—In love with Marcia Claude Cragoe Dr. Alcott—In love with Aunt Nellie Hugh Worthing Bert Hawley—A lawyer in love with Josephine Ralph Randall Jerry Wilkins—In love with his wife Clifford Schoonover PROGRAM President’s Address - Claude Cragoe The Swing Song - - - Girls’ High School Glee Club ACT I Scene 1. Sitting Room in the home of Mr. Gray Instrumental Duet - - - Elsie Parratt, Olive Susan Scene 2. Same as Scene 3—the following day. Song. The Spinner - - - - Grammar Department ACT II Sitting Room in the Howells’ Home. Three months later. Song—King’s Champion - Boys’ High School Glee Club ACT III Dining Room in the home of Jerry Wilkins One Week Later Class Song ....... Class 1909 Standard Lime Stone Co. OAKFIELD, WISCONSIN. -— Wholesale and Retail Dealers in- Lump Lime, Ground Lime, Hydrated Lime, Portland Cement, Plaster Paris, Plastering Hair, Crushed Stone Etc. Try Our Ground Quick Lime It is the Latest and Best Lime Product WE MAKE A SPECIALTY OF FUEL WOOD BY THE CORD OR CARLOAD We Carry a Full Line of Pressed and Common Brick, Partition Tile and Drain Tile WE SOLICIT YOUR PATRONAGE ... ADIEU... A little hook in a High School grew, A little book which we ne’er will rue, Warming the hearts of many and few It grew. One day, passing the school room through This little book was devoured by two Of a brilliant class who had nothing to do These two. Up at the ceiling the book they threw Which was full of slams as well they knew And then how angry at the jokes they grew Boo-hoo. She made a face, he his did screw And then the trouble began to brew Don’t all be angry like these two— All you. We only wish good luck to you And hope you’ll pardon us, please do For we likewise have been hit too— We, too. And when you’ve read it through and through This little book of a greenish hue Why, then you see its mission is through— Adieu. SWELL SHOE STYLES For Those Who Care to Dress Well A WELL KNOWN FACT “If It Is New and Swell We Have It” SPECIAL ATTENTION TO CORRECT FITTING E. E. WHITAKER 152 SOUTH MAIN ST. G. W. HALL .R. 8. HALL C. W. BALL SON ...Dealers in... FRESH AND SALTED MEATS FISH IN SEASON CASH PAID FOR HIDES We Carry the Finest Line of Pickles and Canned Goods in the City . . . HEINZ’S 57 VARIETIES IT IS HIOH TIME that you appreciate the fact that we are Headquarters for WEDDING and GRADUATION GIFTS JOHN P. HESS FOND DU LAC, WIS. Up-to-Date Jeweler and Optician . . . 88 S. MAIN ST. ..MILLER.. MAKER OF PORTRAITS BY PHOTOGRAPHY FOND DU LAC. - WISCONSIN “Be it known unto you that work done by us has that snow white finish? MOTTO:—Everything returned but the dirt. We Iron By Electricity Family Wash a Specialty Fond du Lac Steam Laundry l. BOGIE, Agent E. G. HEATH, Mgr. JOHN HUGHES ...WHOLESALE AND RETAIL... Dealers in SHELF AND HEAVY HARDWARE QUERIES Sophomore—We do not know the name of the Freshie who stopped a street sprinkler and told the man his wagon was leaking. Ethel—Wear gloves to keep the chaps away. Hazel- -A veil is much better than powder to hide the freckles. Nora—No, it is not good for your eyes to have them turned to the S. W. corner of the room. They are apt to get out of focus. C. T.—Yes, Clayton, you will find it an easy task to teach a ‘‘Parrott’' to repeat endearing phrases. Inquisitive Freshman—The reason a Senior had his head tied up was because a thought struck him. L. R.—Yes, Lulu it is much better to talk less in study periods and more in recitations. C. L. G.—Yes, Clarya, Texas will make a very good home for newlyweds because of its many secluded places. E. B.—Yes, M iss Breitkreutz, from the specimens you described, it is easily seen that they will never speak German like a native. I am sure they will stick to their own sweet way. Inquisitive Sophomore—No, the size of the owl on the Senior class pins does not represent the amount of their wisdom. Freshman—To cure “Greenness” soak your head in brine and do it well. The brine should be made of Cologne (University water) and Attic salt. Spice with Originality for scent. E. B.—Y es Miss Breitkreutz, each Freshman has procured a fifty cent bottle of “Common Sense” which they will use hereafter in Commercial Geography. We hope the investment will bring large results. Did you know that Ralph W. Emerson, Oliver W. Holmes, James K. Lowell and Jennie M. Pratt were all class poets of their respective classes? Why doesn’t Miss Breitkreutz think that the Senior German Class is perfect? Why does Ralph Randall sit up in the front seats with the girls in German class? Will Eva please explain “The men froze in different places?” Why did Miss Breitkreutz think that this need not be explained to Clara:—“Das Madchen sturtz in seine Arme?” Do not all of us love this question, “Konnen Sie erzahlen was wir gelessen haben? Was it absent mindedness which made Mr. Curtis use a patent fastener for a pointer in Physics class? When was Eva shocked in Physics class? Who is the Sophomores shining light? Ans. Lida Best. Why does Robbie always say enshine” for engine? What made Hazel M. think that pineapples grow on palm trees? When did Ralph make a mistake and study the ten commandments instead of the ten ammendments? Why does the Sophomore Physiology class remind Mr. Curtis of the Wisconsin Legislature? Albert E. Isaac We will be pleased to show you our assortment of Waists at $1.00 and up. ... SPE CIA L SHO WING... LINGERIE DRESSES LINEN SUITS WASH SKIRTS RAJAH SUITS WHITE SERGE SUITS SILK AND WORSTED GOWNS Albert E. Isaac MO South Main FOND DU LAC, W1S. WHEN IN TOWN ...STOP JIT THE... Cremout S. S. READ, Proprietor TELEPHONE NO. 57 OAKFIELD, WISCONSIN L. R. BOGIE UP-TO-DATE BARBER SHOP AGENT FOR . . . FOND DU LAC STEAM LAUNDRY We have taken this add, in this beautiful book to help the schools of Oakfield. We sell the Good, Better and Best in Pianos. And this is what we want the sons and daughters of Oakfield to know. Now, all we ask in return, is to give us a chance to show our Pianos to you We cut the price close to the Manufacturers’ cost. We give you the Square Deal. Can we do more? J.W. TROTJT 109 SOUTH MAIN ST. FOND DU LAC, WIS. THE CLOTHES YOU LIKE CAN BE HAD We tailor for Men. Make clothes to your measure with style, in our own work shops by experienced tailors. Try us and note the care we take to please our patrons. Suits $25.00 and up. ...AT... Kaufman Koehn Fond du Lac Wisconsin 75 South Main Street We also sell Modern Clothes Ready-to-Wear for Men. Prices $10.00 and up. Roswelle $3.00 Hats Lion Brand Shirts $1.00 ™d $1.50 F. L. CULVER ...DEALER IN... GENERAL MERCHANDISE CALL PHONE NO. 43 AND HAVE YOUR GOODS PROMPTLY DELIVERED GEORGE W. WHITE W. F. SOMMERFIELD REH IMIONE OO KEH. PHONE 54 G. W. White Company FURNITURE DEALERS, UNDERTAKERS AND EMBALMERS STORE PHONE 13 OAKFIELD, WISCONSIN QUERIES Why does Miss Binnie go into the office at 11:10 every day? “Did you get any mail for me?” Why did Mr. Curtis never find more than two lady slippers? Why is it that girls never hurt their heads when playing basket ball? Why does Clayton look toward the office door so often? Why does Elsie go to Lamartine? Who did Hugh take to supper at the Faculty Reception? Was Olive thinking of Ward when she played for us to march into the class rooms ? Why are there so many remarks about Ward’s feet? Why doesn’t Ward jump down the stairs so often anymore? Isn’t Nora’s complexion of a lovely hue? (Hugh) LAUGH PROVOKERS A little laughter in our classes Is tonic for the lads and lasses. Freshmen—If you wanted to commit suicide what would you do? Senior—Write a physics exam right after one on Geometry. One senior while taking out his materials for the Physics exam was heard to murmur:— “Lord God of Host, be with us yet. Lest we forget, Lest we forget.” Two Freshmen were earnestly discussing the subjects of debates. “I am on the confirmitive side,” said one. “No,” said the other, “you mean, you are on the infirmitive side. Then the stately Sophomore interposed, “Allow me,” she said condescendingly, “to correct you mean you are on the inttamatory side.” WANT ADS. Wanted—Some one to bother me like I bother the girls. Hugh Worthing. Wanted—Time to breathe. Seniors. Wanted—To bleach my rolls. Ethel Bristol. Wanted—To get stung. Clifford Schoonover. Wanted—The “Best” boy in school. Bessie Cragoe. Wanted—Some more rolls for my hair. Lulu Ripley. Wanted—A collar like the other jays wear. Freshmen boys. Wanted—The privilege to whisper all I want to. Lida Best. Wanted—The disease of Insomnia. Eddie McKnight. Wanted—A comb for my hair. Lloyd Filbey Wanted—To sing like the girls do. Boys Glee Club Wanted—To get our pictures taken too. Juniors TO THE PEOPLE OF OAKFIELD AND VICINITY who come to Fond du Lac, we extend a cordial invitation to visit our Store, Corner Main and Second Sts. You will always find here a good assortment of seasonable merchandise such as Ladies’ ready to wear articles and materials to make them. House Furnishing Dry Goods, Notions and in fact every thing usually found in a first class Dry Goods Store. The foundation of our business is built upon reliable Merchandise, correct treatment and as low prices as is consistent with sound values and fair business methods. Wagner Dry Goods Co. FOND DU LAC, WISCONSIN We are Sole Agents for The Collingwood Mills Dress Goods. Munsing Underwear for Ladies and Children. UTOPIA YARNS AND MANY OTHER GOOD THINGS THAT CANNOT BE FOUND ELSEWHERE. We Pay Your Railroad Fare One Way on Every Purchase of $5.00 or over, both ways on a purchase of $10.00 or over. NOT OUR” BANK YOUR BANK A place to go when you are in need. A place to come when you are overloaded. Never hesitate to make your wants known in our line of business, as it is a pleasure to conform to them. BANK OF OAKFIELD OAKFIELD, WISCONSIN F. J. BRISTOL, Pres, C. G. MORGAN, V. Pres. W. E. BRISTOL, Cashier ...The Noble Restaurant... INVITES YOUR PATRONAGE MJIIN STREET OPPOSITE FOREST JIVE. FOND DU LAC, WIS. And All the New Eyeglass Guards that STAY ON Have you had trouble in getting what you want in Eyeglasses We think we have what you want. We know that we can make them stay on if you can wear eyeglasses 122 McEWAN THE OPTOMETRIST For Perfect Results. BOYLE THEATRE ANNEX IF YOU WAN!' THE “BEST” YOU WANT A “HUMPHREY” W. J. CHEGWIN Furniture and Picture Framing We carry one of the best stocks of Reliable Furniture in the city and name the lowest prices. We will furnish your house in part or complete and save you money. Remember we stand by our customers. WE SELL THE — ■ Humphrey Sectional Book Case in Desk, Magazine Drawer and Phonograph Sections. 145 South Main St. Fond du Lac, Wis. Holstein Friesian Cattle 'BEST DJURY CJITTLE ON EARTH Best for Milk. Best for Cheese. Best for Veal. The equal of any as economical Butter producers. Our herd is very strong in the best blood of the breed. Call and look us over. Visitors always welcome. F. J. BRISTOL SONS CO. OAKFIELD, WIS. DR. H. H. WEICKEL ...RESIDENT DENTIST... OAKFIELD, - WIS. PHONE 28 ALL WORK GUARANTEED Wanthd—Some wisdom teeth. Lula Ripley Wanted—The privilege of retaining my head during Parliamentary Practice. Ralph Atkins Wanted—To find the Merry Widow for which I am looking. Ralph Randall. Wanted—An Up-to-date Spelling Book. Class of 1909. Wanted—A neck-tie like the Senior boys found in Fond du Lac. A Sophomore Guy. Wanted—An alarm clock to wake me up in the morning. Clayton Tupper. Wanted—A cure for my heart trouble. Ralph Randall. Wanted—A seat in the labratory. (?) Marie Hoppe. Wanted—Permission to go down to the basement whenever we please. Three Freshmen Girls. Wanted—Some one to do my work for me willingly and correctly. I would prefer a boy. Lulu Ripley. Wanted—Some money to keep up our credit. Athletic Association. Wanted—Some other girls to take Typewriting with me. Maggie Smith. Wanted—A “Lock (e)” for my arms. Hugh Worthing. Wanted—Hair that will curl without any effort on my part. Eva Paynter. Wanted—A bird for a pet. Clayton Tupper. HEARD IN THE CLASS ROOM Miss Binnie—Why was Caesar assassinated' Ha .el W.—Because he was going to be dedicated king. Miss B.—What did Sulla do to the capital and to the Sibylline Books of Rome? Lula R. He burned the capital and consumed the Sibylline Books. Mr. Curtis—Describe the head. Bessie B.—It has many cavities and is a block. W.—What was the color of Lincoln’s eyes, grey or blue? Miss B.—I don’t remember. G.—The form of my example is different. Mr. C.—What is your form, Gertrude? G—It is in ( ). N. B.—How did the travelers get across the Appalachain mountains? G. ().—In row boats. N. B.—What was the Dread Scott Decision? C. C.—It was something about some negro. I don’t remember his name. N. B.—Whom did the French send out in 1608 to establish settlements in America? II. W.—Champange. “Do as You would done by” This is the way we conduct our business. We are treating people fair and square,-that’s the only way to do business. We sell honest goods at honest prices and believe such treatment should please honest people. We are making a great effort to please you and if you are not pleased, we would be pleased to have you tell us about it. Yours for business, COWLES-CARPENTER CO. “Honest Prices and Fair Treatment The Busy Corner The Day Light Store Hill Bros. Dry Goods Co. CORNER MAIN AND FOREST A VE. HILL BROS. Where you will see the largest, most carefully selected and attractive stock of New Suits. Cloaks and Furs. DressCoods, Silks and Women's Accessories. To choose from in this part of the State. Rugs. Carpets and Curtains This Department is very much appreciated for the large assortment and good values. Economy prices prevail all over the big store. DRY GOODS CO. FOND DU LAC, WISCONSIN What We Advertise We Sell What We Sell Advertise Us C. HENNINGSEN LUMBER, COAL ...AND... SEWER PIPE Make a Date Right Now With the'' “ Oakfield Telephone Co. and have a phone installed in your office or in your residence tomorrow. This phone will be on duty day and night and on every day in the year at the rate of only $1.00 PER MONTH O. H. ECKE W. W. HUGHES COLLECTIONS GERMAN SPOKEN ...ECKE HUGHES... Office Hours: 8:30 to 12.00 ATTORNEYS AT LAW With Good Will For Even body , . rv v PHONE RED 921 1:30 to 6:00 COURT COMMISSIONER 92 SOUTH MAIN STREET NOTARIES PUBLIC FOND DU LAC, WIS. We Carry an Up-to-date Line of yt Fancy Work, Novelties, Embroidery Materials, Stamped Linens and Lion Brand Yarns--the Best Made Leather Pillow and Table Covers in Burnt and Air Brush Work Also the Plain Colored Leathers Beautiful Hand Tinted Cards “Good Motto” and Birthday Greetings. Handkerchiefs, Gloves, Hosiery and the best $1.00 Corset made. Pictorial Review Magazines and Patterns STAMPING A SPECIALTY GIVE US A CALL The Misses McCourt m°aisn s?H (NEAR SECOND STREET) EVERY KIND OF SCHOOL BOOKS ...AT.. GRACE 8c LYNCHES BOOK 73 So. Main Street Fond du Lac, Wis. Second Hand School Books Bought and Sold ARE YOU LOOKING FOR A POSITION IN LIFE? THEN START A BANK ACCOUNT 3% Interest on Savirigs The Commercial National Bank FOND DU LAC, WIS. C. H. C. M. TOLZMAN. Pres. J. P. HEISLER. V-Pres. HEISLER, Sec. Treas. and Gen. Manager incoppopateo i nocp me laws or THE STATE or Wisconsin _ ns Nand Eastern Granites. Monumental ™ Building Purposes. ALL LETTERING, CARVING AND STATUARY DONE WITH PNEUMATIC TOOLS OFFICE. STUDIO AND WAREHOUSE NO. 16-17 COURT ST. PHONE BLACK 1059 ENGAGE THE WORTHING OPERA HOUSE ...FOR... Parties, Shows, Dances, Lectures and for all Public Entertainments T. E. WORTHING, Prop We make a specialty of Young Men’s College Clothes, the finest nobbiest Young Men’s Clothes on this market, from the “World’s Best Makers.’’ If you come to Fond du Lac to buy your School Suit or Graduating Dress Suit we will pay your railroad fare if your purchase amounts to $10.00 or more. Dress Suits $12.45 to $25.00 LU I ’ FOND DU LAC. W S School Suits $7.50 to $20.00 BEAUTIFY YOUR HOME A. N. McGHAIN Oakfield Elevator Go. ...Dealers in... GRAIN, FEED, FUEL AND SALT Artistic and Up-To-Date Decorator.... OAKFIELD. WIS. CALL ON “• .. Joseph Paynter.. Bring Your Apples FOR HORSE SHOEINC AND ..TO.. D. E. HOAG GENERAL REPAIRING PRICES RIFHT JND ALL WORK GUARANTEED And have them made into Cider and Cider Vinegar OAKFIELD HIGH SCHOOL BOARD OF EDUCATION A. N. McChain, Director C. H. Moore, M. D. Secretary W. E. Bristol, Treasurer FACULTY L. G. Curtis, Principal Nora Belle Binnie, Assistant Elsa Breitkreutz Assistant Jessie J. Watson, Grammar Dept. Ida C. Juttin, Intermediate Dept. Winnie Donaldson, Primary Dept. COURSES OF STUDY FRESHMAN YEAR 1st Semester 2nd. Semester Algebra Algebra English English Physical Geography (24 wks.) Botany (12 wks.) Commercial Geography Spelling, etc. Physiology Bookkeeping English Ancient History Botany Geometry Mediaeval History English German Economics SOPHOMORE YEAR JUNIOR YEAR Elect two Arithmetic English Ancient History Business Law Geometry Civics English German English History SENIOR YEAR Physics American History Elect two English German Advanced Algebra Physics American History English German Theory and Art; Reviews Wall Papers, Window Shades, School Supplies, Athletic Goods, Souvenir Post Cards, Paints and Oils HEADQUARTERS FOR — Strictly Pure White Lead and Linseed Oil. All the Latest Designs and Colorings in Wall Paper at Popular Prices A Large Stock °f School Supplies, Athletic Goods, Souvenir Post Cards and Windorv Shades Come and tell us your wants before buying Wall Paper or Paint and Oils BURNS BROTHERS OAKFIELD, WIS. TAYLOR % PRICE ...Dealers in... AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, PORTLAND CEMENT, PATENT PLASTER AND FARM SEEDS MANUFACTURERS OF CEMENT BUILDING BLOCKS OAKFIELD, - - WISCONSIN Hot Air and Hot Water Plumbing and Furnaces. Pipe Fitting Heating A. A. EWALD HARDWARE MACHINE AND TIN SHOP AND EAVES TROUGH HANGING ... AUTOMOBILE AND ALL KINDS OF REPAIRING ...AGENT FOR... U. S. Cream Separators, New and Second Hand Gasoline Engines, Mitchell Feed and Litter Carriers, Woven |Fence Wire and Iron Stock Gates OAKFIELI), - WISCONSIN Chesterfield says: ‘Style is the clothing of thoughts.” The “style given to our Printing and Binding is brought about by “thought” the “style that appeals to all, and makes pleased customers. Printers, Binders, Paper Rulers ...and... Account Book Manufacturers MAY WE ABB YOUR NAME TO OUR LIST OF BELIGHTEB CUSTOMERS PATRONIZE ..OUR.. ADVERTISERS How dear to our heart is the cash for your ad. For which nineteen-niners will ever be glad, But the one who don't help, we refrain from description, For reader, perhaps, we have not your subscription. W. W. Morrison Incites You to Inspect General Hardware, Cutlery, Stoves, Tinware Plumbing. House Pumps. Pipe. Paint. Oils and Lead Building Paper and Roofing Material OAK. FIELD, W IS. School Opens Sept. 6 Frank Zangl Horse Shoeing ...AND... General Repairing ALL WORK GUARANTEED LIVERY, FEED mSALE STABLE HADDY MESSNER Proprietors FIRST CLASS RIGS FURNISHED AT ALL TIMES FOR SALE ' —- GUERNSEY CATTLE, DUROC JERSEY HOGS YOUNG STOCK ON HAND AT ALL TIMES Pleasant V Farm J. H. BEIRNE, Prop. F. B, WORTHING A. J. WORTHING ...DEALERS IN... Live Stock FEED GRINDING AND GENERAL ..MILLING.. CALL ON JOHN THILL OJtKFlELD, [VIS. THOS. J. CRAGOE DOUBLE AND SINGLE HARNESS BARBER SHOP IN CONNECTION ALL KINDS OF HORSE AND HARNESS GOODS Agency for MODEL STEAM LAUNDRY WORK OAKFIELD, WIS. C. G. MORGAN OAKFIELD, . WISCONSIN REAL ESTATE AND MORTGAGE LOANS EXCHANGES OF PROPERTY A SPECIALTY Northern and Western, improved and unimproved Land for Investment or for Farming Purposes Mr. H. W. Hawley Miss Elizabeth Brennan I rincipal C omniercial Department Principal Shorthand Department C. F. MOORE. Pres. M. M. MOORE. Vice-Pres H. W. HAWLEY. Sec'y. and Treas’ FOUNTAIN CITYJUSINESS COLLEGE INCORPPRATED Capital Stock $5,000.00 PHONE BLACK 634 138 SOUTH MAIN ST. FOND DU LAC, WIS. Address all Communications to Fountain City Business College Colleges — FOND DU LAC. MANITOWOC, KENOSHA, RACINE, BURLINGTON Departments - COMMERCIAL, SHORTHAND, TYPEWRITING, ENGLISH The Fountain City Business College has been a good progressive school since 1900, purchased the Fond du I.ac Business College 1908, and since that time has been one of the best in this part of the state. Never was there a time when a business education was needed more than the present. We give individual help to each student. Students enter at any time and progress just as rapidly as their ability and application to study permit. Both day and evening sessions. Write for further particulars and catalogue. V