New York University College of Dentistry - Dental Violet Yearbook (New York, NY)

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if ll organic substances, we find that a flood of light has been thrown upon this most ,,q,!-,- ' ',,: 'lllIIF'1 - 'U . Ill llllfl Wlilill llll llllllillllllllllllll v ff I I, ,..l.1..,...,...... I ll.,....,.., ,ummm .1 ----. I y---. !,,,1m,,,..4-W , H I ,f 11.0.W..--.-'-nl! 1i'.n... wfwasamz fvrozga' al f,,, gi . .1.. ...A . ..llu.,. ,., llu lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll It lnuummm:munmumunumnll .J ...,. Ill.. ilu.. I ..i. 3 ': turesg he also was familiar with the structure and with the diseases of bones and 'EYQ 5 .7 of joints. Much that he Wrote in the long ago is still sound, although many of his E conclusions run counter to what modern experience has taught us. F: The stamp of truth may be afiixed to practically all the genuine work of mf ' - Hippocrates. He reported his results, good or bad as the case might be, resorting E E - to no attempt at extenuation in the narration. He described faithfully and graph- - E ically what he saw, demonstrating a clear conception of many of the surgical 5 ,, .. lesions which came to his notice. The surgical methods of treatment which he E ' :Q employed were rational. What he knew by experience he taught to others. -- Modern surgery received its greatest impetus as the result of the brilliant work 3 of Lister and of Pasteur, supplemented by the achievements of Koch and of ' 3 iii Ehrlich. Osler asserted that the outcome of the researches of Pasteur upon fer- 'i il mentation and spontaneous generation represents a transformation in the practice l if LE of surgery which has been one of the greatest boons ever conferred upon humanity. I if It had long been recognized that at times a wound healed without the formation iff of pus, that is without suppurationg but both spontaneous and operative wounds W elif were almost invariably associated with a suppurative process which frequently jf. fly assumed a putrid stage, the general system becoming seriously affected and the X patient dying of blood poisoning. So common was this occurrence that many QV lg fi surgeons feared to operate, believing that from without came the germs which gli il 3' caused the decomposition of wounds just as sugar solution, through the germs which came in contact with it, caused fermentation. A young surgeon in Glasgow, Joseph Lister, applied the principles of -N ,. .. -, 1 ,i fi Pasteur's experiments in treating cases of this kind. In the London Lancet H8673 2' i there appears the following from I,ister's original paper: 1, 1 : E ' - Turning now to the question how the atmosphere produces decomposition of j: I 1 I ' f L 5.5 as l l 'S- -E - 2 2 E E E' 2 3 un ' aug gag 5,55 its gag f-3 Pl. w Q 743 if i 2 l li.: fi . 5 i i l 5 A I 'l ORAL SURGERY-MORNING CLINIC ' 5 , lllllllllll Ilnmn ' umnlll N1-5n.':i-'55-.yi 1. ',,,,m,,, - SWS ui r. ......... .,.... , .... fr lf' l!!f!25!WQ Wj'3:g'f1'1L'll.1i11y',, , H920 'JL' n1'31...ll l H ::1: mnl1'friQiW!1u?Fll l llllQpj'l I K nu ,ILQAQ im lu 1 iyililu ll i H31

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Ill ,MINI II 'l 1 ' CNC, ' lx lll 4 .. ' L' lllllllllllIlllllllllllll unnuu lllll l uli il I II nununnnnnunnnnu 111 ml if ' ..l 11111 Ill I 1 111m 11.11511 '1 ill ,AAA ,,, , , F E E 1 llll - 442042 fWf,' S .,,V 1 1 ill ogg S ex - . .r 2.4 , I Ill IIII S so i gg gi S .ff IX X S lllllll I ao WINTER . . I Z l rofessor fClznzcal m me on ' IRVING SALMAN Z Instructor: LOUIS V HAYES E 5 DAVID C BAKER FRED L WHITING 5 EDWARDI LEMBECK ' LEO WINTER 2 E 5 212 ORAL SURGERY Leo WINTER, D.D.S. : .': ' 1 I5 E : ': V 1 The history of Oral Surgery is merged with that of Medicine and General Surgery. Hippocrates, the Father of Medicine, practiced medicine which included ,1 surgery. Even before his time and prior to the years in which his immediate ill' 5 ancestors practiced the healing art, medical practice, including surgical procedures, had its place in the affairs of men. For more than a thousand years, the surgery practiced in Egypt meant some- thing to the world of medicine. The ancient Egyptian custom of embalming the dead had given these practitioners a knowledge of anatomy which, of course, was crude. Still the history of medicine shows that the Egyptians trephined the skull ll 3 -1 : .:: E. ?if:I E32 - -. 2 F: 2 E :- - 'J gg: ,--- '11 E E - 1: s- , :. -. E 1: SWS aaa i 3 ESE F 1 1 l'i 2 Z V 'l1 mfuu 1'--un'---u InlunInlumlIlmlunllllulllllllllll I' - lmulmm1111111111111uuumlllllllll ll 'll ' llll' lllllI 4 -ff!-?2'3 F5522-EQ.: ww.. ' 'I' . l OW ll l U lil .ul elnlll- up r-'HH lllifxgffq 42305321 ll ,lg I 1, - JIIII11- Illl11,1-, 'E-Wpefrxaafg 7 -1,11 llll lll all ll,111' , 'Qv,,PL 1 .11 lln.. rl 1 1 I 111 1 1 Ill 111111111 1 1 Ill l . .ull I1 1 Q: 1.22 . ' , 1 ,. . x , lrihsii E M.- 1? 'iv' C W 5 , , , , , - H lf' Q N N 1 if I Ayffgi 767,13 i Ki? ffgi' if ,iff it X! K M1 f, f 1 KXIXI X f f 0yC! ffidifnef I if mi ' ,ff i - , Wifi' ' 1 f ff 5 5 W7 li f ff N ,Q g E 227 V1 '01 1 ff : E 2 - V1 ' 1 ... Q E E : 1 '- as 1 E1 s '99 E - X f A f ' f E f, I I 1 'H - E E 1 W' : S E viflff , f s s 5 2 Nfl ' 1 swf f 414 ' ' 2' E 5 fi! X ,Lmffy 1 1' , Q .. : , W' f 1 1l'11rvJ1 , X X E E 5 Z, ' 1 .. E ' of ,, f ff 'JT' ff f 'N f 1 f ,f fa, f f J swf f 5 E if X dv if ' fffy 72X 4? A,f,f' Q' f ff ff' 7? ff 1 , ' f'g!f! ff ff' 'ff E : 1: ' :- 3 2' E il Jos :1 A - A 2 X E E E 2 E A E 5 l 5 P J E I 5 2 2 3 its sf. 5 f E , : X E E 1 a S ' 5 5 K .. ' F f 5 5 . E , E I E ,A1 : f I 2 X 2 Z f ' : - :- s ll '-' l E 5 s i to relieve migraine and to lessen epileptic attacks. They also removed superficial tumors and set broken jaws. Among the ancient Jews, surgery was not unknown, and much of what they : practiced in this connection was taught them by the Egyptians. There were arti- ficers of wooden legs as also dentists among them who made and put in place false teeth. Accomplishments of this nature show that even in this far removed period advances were made in surgery even though much of the so-called history -IE EWG .mi gif of the leech is a myth The activities of Hippocrates stand out in bold relief and are devoid of the 5 mythical He was the first to discuss intelligently and elaborately regarding frac- as .1111 1 T 11111.N ' III Sis M5 2 :Ili FQ I 9 1 1. 1 l 1 4 ii .1-4, ijts A-1 , -----. I 1 ulll ll! ' r V 1 III I 'wg 11111 111' 11 -' film!!!!!F :::1a,E,'Tfaw1a:::!f1'!!!!.l-ff,f1,'.1l1 11926 ,JIT1-112-7?..Pf..' 'FEMS i521

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'-H ll I 'l ' ' 'l ' I '11-ya ':2C'fa,v llII Lf1s51!!!!!?F 9lmmarfff:fs:::fF'F..!!ll-ff.ff'.,'.il., i ,,l,.'..'f1'.2f-Tl!!!..' t1'::zafs'faaiiaa:1:! F1..!!lE:'1,P my was .5 +-' to ,,5 , U 5 important subject by the philosophic researches of M Pasteur who has demon f- i f' 1: strated by thoroughly convincing evidence that it is not to its oxygen or to any : 'E of its gaseous constituents that the air owes this property but to minute particles i--- - suspended in it which are the germs of various low forms of life long since 5 - revealed by the microscope and regarded as merely accidental concomitants of - g putrescence but now shown by Pasteur to be its essential cause resolving the E - -E I complex organic compounds into substances of simpler chemical constitution just E : E as the yeast plant converts sugar into alcohol and carbonic acid E L. 2 i From these beginnings modern surgery lifted up its head into a clearer i Q E - atmosphere as to cause and effect and the- whole subject of wound infection from 2 : - that point on has become one of the most brilliant chapters in the history of Pre- 5 'l ventive Medicine 5 :i : Time with experience brought about importint modifications in Listers 5 2 E practice but his theory remained steadfast and accepted. Specific antiseptics were 13. E - ? devised and advised. Most of them come upon the stage passed in review before ' 5 ' medical mentors and disappeared with but a memory of their existence : Air the atmosphere which we breathe for a long time considered a dreaded - j W enemy that carried disease came to be recognized as a kindly friend when properly E : E 2 treated Surgical cleanliness a germ-free environment-such are today recognized 5 X f ' ' - - i E n - - 5 Al 2 as the essential factors in the proper practice of surgery. E 5 Efmj E Instead of having our oHice shelves littered with many varieties of so-called g I NE 2 1: E E antiseptics and our emergency kits choked with medications, we now resort to heat,. E E E l-'E to light, to soap and water and to the nail brush, while our medicinal armamen- E :. 5 ,E ' E12 tarium consists of alcohol and a few simple chemicals. :A- z -.. :' E ga:-E E25 5.5 Asepsis has supplanted antisepsis. The great underlying truth that wound . infection comes from without the wound and that it flourishes under appropriate Ek? Q 1 i conditions, but that it may be eliminated by appropriate measures, today holds I N 285 i E5 sway. l Modern Oral Surgery-that is, the type of oral surgery which we acclaim as ' E . 1 I i . E a 5 E being most worthy of the name-dates back to the advent of local anesthesia. The 5 p l pioneer work in this particular field is not limited to any one individual. 2, 5 Q ig Richardson in 1866 obtained anesthesia of the skin by means ofthe ether 5 gn: EE spray, the application of which in a limited degree, is considered correct practice E 5 to this very day. Koller in 1884' demonstrated the remarkable anesthetizin owers of Cocaine. -- 8 P - - E - : E 5 Halstead fBaltimorej in 1885 suggested conduction anesthesia, a method S E F:-.-c - gifwwp I Ilmm -mlllflm im-ni llnuuuuunmnmm llllllmg' 1nIlrjl inunn u Tull R11 in-plum. y , ..1 . ,M I m - in ill ll fn ' gj-fvjlgi. nu m' llllrnlll .lllihml IT.llllllllllllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllilllllll li W-E5 ei 'IllIlllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllll ig' l In .init illlll-.llhlrirn 1, A . ' . Lf vid E 3 ' S li E S , I 2 E E 9: ' ' I E a 2 vt i E E 5 :- E , E E' E ' i . E Z S 2 - E 3 . 5 Z I5 , , . . ' 5 fl S : : : : - ' ' : : 2 - , E E Eli . . sig E fl j . . E fx E : xx 5 , : lf E . , E I e A A which is used so successfully today. Instead of injecting the anesthetic solution near the tooth to be anesthetized, he injected it near the trunk of the inferior dental nerve. I ' ' I D E-ig Cocaine, lauded as a blessing to mankind, because of a long trail of operative 5? and post-operative by-effects, maintained its supremacy merely because no sub- stitute had been found for it which eliminated the dangers concomitant upon its i employment. Many practitioners of dentistry dreaded to use this powerful anes- Q 5 thetizing agent because of the dangers coupled with its uses. i E f 345 E15 T Eli W 5 i f ffm in ' 'H I nl. W' 1- II ' l54l