Mount St Joseph High School - Mount Tower Yearbook (Baltimore, MD)

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- A Forevvor So vital a role in the nation's war effort does Baltimore play that it has been listed as the second city most liable to be bombed should enemy planes come Within bombing range. And the reason is obvious, for out of Baltimore and its environs come, among other things, the Martin monsters of the air, the steel for ships, tanks and guns, and the ships that bear the important cargoes of men and ammuni- tion on their determined voyages to the far parts of the World. From that lune day in 1608 when Captain Iohn Smith first mapped out the area now occupied by Baltimore, to the present, Maryland's story is based on the theme of service. With the desire of serving his fellow Catholics, persecuted in England, George Calvert, the first Lord Baltimore, obtained a grant of land from Charles I in 1632. Dying before the grant was completed, he never saw the city which bears his name, and it was his son, Cecil, the second Lord Baltimore, who carried out the plan by obtain- ing a very liberal charter from the king. After the first settlement, led by Leonard Calvert, younger brother of Cecil, was made at St. Mary's in l634, the colony grew rapidly. Many flocked to it because of Lord Baltimore's liberal policy toward all settlers. Christians of all kinds found Welcome and religious liberty as Well as political equality. The Toleration Act of 1649 was a milestone in the spread of religious freedom and found echo l41 years later in the Constitution of the United States. 'S if WL ,fm In l Zee. It L,-- 'G' ' T' tag, t xx, , ' ' X. HP mfm. 'v.v K it Lu-J If . s tt it, xi vi A -55 H, A , , lift N :fa :ll ,xt 1 ti f -it it it lift-itistli , l x Still 5 . it QV,x lQil L l li' I X -al rl l ' tl 1' :L , 4 f -f A ,E Y' K V '- c -it if 'f J lfll .i 4 Z L d il ' ti ff i 2 4 4 We Present a Story That ls

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Although Lord Baltimore lost control of the colony in M588 as a result of the English revolu- tion, it was restored to his family in l7l5 and remained in their possession until the outbreak of the American Revolution. When Charles Mason and Ieremiah Dixon, English surveyors, marked out the boundary line between Mary- land and Pennsylvania in l763, they not only settled a boundary dispute but also created the famous Mason and Dixon Line, indicative of the dividing line between North and South. The name Maryland resulted from Terra Mariae which was applied to the infant colony by the first settlers in honor of Henrietta Maria, daughter of Henry IV. Subsequently Maryland acquired several nicknames, such as the Old Line State, because of the Mason and Dixon Linep the Free State because of a mock edi- torial written in l923 by Hamilton Owens argu- ing that Maryland should secede from the Union since it was acting rebelliously in not passing a State Enforcement actp and the Ter- rapin State because of its specialty in sea foods. Baltimore Town was officially erected on August 8, 1729, and when it was incorporated as a city in 1797 Iames Calhoun became its first mayor, having previously been a general in the Continental Army. In the shaping of the government of the United States Maryland took a conspicious part. It was the bold Charles Carroll of Carrollton who typified the spirit of those who drew up and signed the Declaration of Independence, which set the stage for the new government: the of Carrollton was added to let the English know, should reprisals follow, just which Charles Carroll had signed. The eventual land policy that followed-from the creation of a public domain is traceable directly to her insistence that the states cede their Western lands to the central government. Not until states claiming these lands should cede them to the national government would Maryland ratify the Articles of Confederation, and she insisted that these lands in time be formed into new states. At a meeting at Annapolis, the Constitutional Convention was decided upon. Conspicuous among those who attended that historic con- vention was Maryland's Luther Martin. Colorful as well as practical has been Mary- land's role in the military history of the United States. Not without reason is Baltimore called the Monumental City, and its monuments de- pict much of her military glory. In the turbulent days before the Revolutionary War, the burn- ing of the ship Peggy Stuart with its English cargo showed the temper of Marylanders. The Maryland regiment which bore the brunt of the battle of Long Island and eventually routed the enemy helped to save the American Army at a crucial period. Men from Maryland made spectacular his- tory in the War of l8l2. Off North Point fifty English ships lay at anchor. Quartered in the home of farmer Robert Gorsuch, against his protests, were the British officers. The Mary- land regiment sent against them engaged in a preliminary skirmish, during which the English General Ross, who had set fire to the capital shortly before, was killed. But it was the Eng- lish attack on Eort McHenry which is best remembered of the War of l8l2. For it was the heroic defense against the terrific bombard- ment lasting from midnight till 5:30 which in- spired Francis Scott Key's The Star Spangled Banner, our national anthem, and prevented the sack of Baltimore. When news of the war with Mexico was received, Colonel Watson offered the govern- ment a corps called the Independent Blues. A Maryland regiment of 6000 men under Major Ringgold went to Mexico, helped take Brazos, and took part in the campaign against Mon- terey. OPPOSITE PAGE Did you see Yardley's cartoon this morning? A tea- ture in the Baltimore Sun. one ot the nation's leading newspapers. is the daily cartoon of Mr. Y. Graciously he sketched into this map of wartime changes in Baltimore a puzzled St. loe lad caught short by the shoe rationing edict of the government. The map tells the story ot the daily life of this hectic city with all its novel scenes and changes. The ever present Mr. Y is sharing the pedestal with George Washington. and the well known cat looks quizzically at the goings on at Lexington Market.