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Page 12 text:
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will take pride and interest in anything that they do themselves. This was tried in the Mondovi Public Schools and it worked surprisingly well. An unsightly spot between Whelan school and the high school was selected for the location of two large flower beds. All sorts of objections were offered. Some said that the children could not be kept off of the flowers long enough for them to come through the ground. Others said that the soil was too poor to grow flowers. The ground was not noted for its fertility. It was a loose, rather sandy soil which had a habit of blowing away when it was disturbed. It was thoroughly saturated with brick and stone—the refuse of an old building that had been long since torn down but whose foundation had never been dug out of the sand. It compared favorably with the piece of ground in the parable of the .Sower—“There was not much ea'th.” The crew of sturdy boys with their spades and hoes made short work of the stones and refuse that had been reposing in the ground for so many years. One boy donated the use of his Shetland Pony team to the cause. Plenty of manure was hauled and thoroughly mixed with the soil. These flower beds of astors. pansies, dahlias, marigolds, with borders of sweet alyssim. calendula, and trochia, with a back ground of giant castor beans and a big bed of cannas for a center piece was all the work of the seventh and eighth grade classes in Agriculture. They did not look upon it as work, but it was a pleasure from start to finish. They were justly proud of their work which proved to be a credit both to the school and to the town. The department of agriculture of the Mondovi High School believes in this sort of agricultural education. It combines experience with study and believes the place to begin it is in the grades of the public schools. LIVE STOCK FARMING. It has been proven many times and in a great variety of ways, that all-gram farming will ultimately end in failure. The fanner who depends upon getting his cash by hauling grain to market, is gradually selling the fertility of the soil. In many cases he may apply commercial fertilizers to even up the drain upon the natural elements of the soil. Such a course is, however, open to many objections. First, it is expensive. Nitrogen costs at the rate of eleven or twelve cents per pound when purchased in this way. Phosphorous and potassium about seven or eight cents per pound. In the second place, the chemical form in which these essential elements may be purchased is somewhat different from the state in which nature prepares them. It must be said, that selling a crop of live stock from a farm occasions absolutely no loss in fertility. The bones and flesh of an animal do contain a considerable amount of the essential elements of plant food. However, if the proper kind of live stock farming should be followed, it is possible to add fertility to the soil so that the total gain in fertility exceeds the total loss. The farmer should grow such crops as legumes. These are commonly called clovers, alfalfa, peas and soy beans. These plants will gather a large amount of nitrogen from the atmosphere. This valuable element becomes a part of the plant tissue. This will lie converted into animal tissue. A part of it re-
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Page 13 text:
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m H-E-W IIRRDR turning back to the soil to enrich it for other plants. Any fanner who raises live stock can atrord to purchase such concentrated feeds as wheat bran, oil meal, and seed meals. They are well worth their cost because of their feeding value in producing bone, flesh, and milk. I’he following figures give the manurial values of a ton of certain feeds. 1 hat is, the value of the residue after being fed to farm animals: Clover Hay ....................................$7.29 Wheat Bran ...................................10.1C Meal .......................................... 16.77 These figures show in a very convincing way the enormous advantage of live stock over grain fanning. ( George Cully, a noted English stock farmer once made this statement: “There is such a relation existing between the breeding of live stock and farming, that one cannot exist without the other.” lfobert Colling, another English expert is the author of the following favorite quotation: “An husbandman'can- not thrive without cattle and not with cattle without corn, for without the both he will become a buyer, a borrower, and a beggar.” In order to raise live stock successfully, one must have a liking for the business. Among the reasons why men fail in live steck farming is usually to be found this one: that they do not like the business. Animals are not machines, as is so often stated by men who know very little about them. There is a personal element that enters into the raising of live stock that does not appear in connection with the running of inanimate machines. An old and very successful stock man of this state says, “The most important quality of the breeder of live stock is this: Does he like bis animals? Second, but hardly less important, do the animals like him?” He must like to see them eat and drink. Xo stingy man will make a successful feeder of the stock. Mr. Scribner of the Wisconsin Jersey Breeders’ Association gave this illustration in Mondovi recently. “It is useless to expect an engine to do any work when it is only supplied with enough f :el to make its own wheels turn. No kind of work-chemical or mechanical, can be done without an expenditure of energy. If a man is unwilling to furnish energy in the way of good wholesome food, and plenty of it, then he can hardly expect his animals to accomplish very much.” It is said that the tenants of England are held accountable for the fertility of the soil which they till. A strict account is kept of the plant food which they add to or take from the land and at the end of their tenancy they arc required to make good in cash anv deficiency which they may have lieen responsible for. On the other hand they are paid for any excess of added fertility. Such careful cultivation has resulted in increased production of the soil. This is one reason why little England is able to feed its many millions. The importance of live stock farming however extends further than merely the improvement of the soil. Its most important results are to bo found in the comforts that arise out of material prosperity, such as better homes, shorter hours given to hard work rather than culture and refinement. It will mean more money to be spent for educational purposes. This will result in twttcr boys and girls, better men and women, and a more cultivated and permanent national life.—B. N. ’If!.
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