Maple Avenue Evening High School - Progress Yearbook (Los Angeles, CA)

Text from Pages 1 - 118 of the 1923 volume:

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M .I K. -,:-.V.-W ni -V - 1, w .dim ab: f -- ff N VK V. ', V - -V - 11 .' ,, ',.V pc 4 J. , .ff -- VE . .,, 11 ?17:'x'f '-ge' -K .... ,,-.-v.w.fK.51,g .V+ ,-34-Vg, ,Ky fx 1 . V. x,,,5f?Q4 -I LV -dfrfv V V, K1 K iff: tml 5 ' . '- ' V, ' 4'-fs C: '- if 'SM w ' 'VV-ffwfiffffm-, ' -. L' f' '. -.- K if ' 'rw bf- fr -L. ,wi-11 -. ' - . Q-5-V A - . ,- gee -- .Vg VV , Rif f? f--V K .. V351 ui- V- EQ'VQaX,,JP1.' ,-'-xi ' '- ',- ,. K: H :- 4.-LMP: n :afar : 2-?4'5 3:53 - 2 . V .V V+. zfwfsz- ' Vw Y-1 .: wi- KX x xfi'-'W'sv fV. V , S-3, -Q :Tv .T I Y1.---- 'ff'-GV 71 if'w'N -':,-' H' ,. -. X ff'1VKV V- - '15-' . '.-1' ' -Jw' mil' H' 1131 AL. f 'f -uwzff ':f' a em F ri '5-7-4f'1l - - YM f'-'?'M'VSV'2QLfb-igfliw.. '- Y F 'rg A .. vr' 7 Q X? E-4 -Rayz.i5,EiQrL'QQ.xQV..i P52653 W M jaw! mf! Old Mission Scene in Westlake Park PROG .. 1923 L ANNUAL Issued by THE MAPLE AVENUE EVENING HIGH SCHOOL Los Angeles, California May - 1923. Out Where the West Begins Out where the handclasp's a little stronger, Out where the smile dwells a little longer, That's where the West begins, Out where the sun is a little brighter, Where the snows that fall are a trifle whiter, And the bonds of home are a wee bit tighter, That's where the West begins, Out where the skies are 'a little bluer, Out where friendship's a little truer, That's where the West begins, Out where a fresher breeze is blowing, Where there's laughter in every streamlet flowing, Where there's more of reaping and less of sowing. That's where the West begins, Out where the world is in the making, Where fewer hearts grow weary with aching, That's where the West begins, Where there's more of singing and less of sighing, Where there's more of giving and less of vying, And a man makes friends without half trying- That's where the West begins, -Arthur Chapman oreworb 0 THE- SPIRIT OF PROGRESS in the Arts and Crafts-the effort and ambition of those who are called upon to do the world's work to become thoroughly proficient in their chosen calling and acquire a greater degree of culture-this volume is dedicated. Skill and Culture is the motto of the Maple Avenue High School and Service is its aim. At' the end of nearly six years of arduous labor, pioneering rand planning and striving to accomplish often under rather trying and dif- ficult circumstances the service rendered has finally received a measure of recognition. Our principal has been promoted to a position the requirements of which call for the highest type of coordinating, organizing and direct- ing ability and the scope of the work of the school is to be expanded to include a system of day classes in regular trade extension work. This was recommended only after numerous representative men in the industries had expressed unqualified approval of the work of the school. - While those directly connected with the school have, through obser- vation and report, always known that a worthy service was being render- ed, the great mass of citizens are absolutely ignorant of what is going on just as they lack information on the actual workings and accomplish- ments of the great school system of the city which directs the activities of nearly 5000 teachers and cares for the educational needs of 200,000 pupils. It was the desire to awaken a greater interest, to acquaint more of these people with what is being done here and elsewhere along the lines of trade education and to encourage -and inspire the faculty and students of the school with a still greater interest and loyalty, that prompted the publication of this Annual. We have endeavored to truthfully portray, both in word and illustra- tion, the actual work carried on and at the same time to make the book as interesting as possible. Expressions of opinion have been obtained from representative people in the various activities of educational and industrial life and we have tried to gather such data as is pertinent and valuable. We hope you will like our little book and that you will bear in mind when inspecting it, that we are all working people, engaged in our regular occupations during the day and in school work in the evenings and that we have neither the time, opportunity nor facilities for getting out a large or elaborate Annual. A TRIBUTE E, the Executive Committee of the Student Body of the Maple Avenue High School, having full power and authority, are moved by the spirit to demand and insist upon being granted this one page on behalf of the members of the faculty and student body fora the recording of feelings that fill our hearts and demand expression. We are willing to grant you Mr. Editor, and the Principal, full range and freedom, unhampered and unrestricted, in the matter of what is printed elsewhere in this Annual but this contribution we insist upon being printed as is without censoring, alteration or blue-penciling in any least parti- cu ar. . Lucy J. Hummel, Sect'y. For the Committee. TO OUR PRINCIPAL O our beloved Principal, Sadie C. Atherton, upon the acceptance of the position of honor and responsibility to which you have recently been appointed by the Board of Education of this great city, we prof- fer sincere congratulations and best wishes for success. To be selected out of the large body of almost 5000 teachers of this city to fill the high position of Supervisor of Trade Extension Training is, indeed, no small honor but we feel that it is one well deserved and that the Board of Education is fortunate in securing the services of one so pre- eminently qualified for the position. We have watched your work in this school and have marveled at the manner in which you overcame all difficulties and the tact, courtesy and diplomacy you have exercised at all times. Only those on the ground know the peculiar circumstances that have surrounded the work here- and what tact and resourcefulness has been required to coordinate the various elements and overcome the many difficulties. Your devotion and untiring zeal, your self sacrifice, courtesy, under- standing and kind helpfulness, has won our hearts. Always fair, always pleasant and always able to find a way to surmount all obstacles, you have inspired us and challenged our admiration. No faculty ever had a fairer or more inspiring principal and no body of students was ever presided over by one who took a deeper interest in their progress and welfare. We take this opportunity to pledge you our fullest support and loyalty and to wish you all success in your new position. ' Cordially and sincerely yours, Unanimously by the Faculty and Student Body, Howard B. Berry, President. P 4 WW J 7. ' 0 w Faculty of the School JOHN C. ABBOTT Architectural Drafting Dept. HOWARD B. BERRY Architectural Drafting Steam Sz Elect. Engineering. HARRY CONNIAR Vulcanizing. DANIEL G. DAVIES Welding and Cutting. HOMER P. EARLE Spanish. AUGUST FLAM Mechanical Drawing. Shop Mathematics. SARAH JANET GRANT Commercial Art. HARRY E. GROSS Orchestra. Stuclent Bociy L. B. MacNITT, Architect'l. Drafting Dept. BESSIE FARLEY, Art. CHAS. W. RICE, Auto Electrics. ARTHUR E. OLSON, A Dramatics. J. RHYNARD, Electricity. JOS. G. HARDY, Mechanical Drafting. MICHAEL WILDE, KATHERINE HAGER Sewing and Designing. WILLIAM HART Sheet Metal Shop. Sheet Metal Pattern Drafting LUCY J. HUMMEL Dramatics :Sz Oral Expression. HARRY M. KOONS Jewelry. RALPH A. McMULLEN Plumbing. MAMIE PFAFFENBERGER Millinery. G. RICHARD WOLFE Electricity. GUY E. WRIGHT Auto Electrics. Committee ALBERT L. PORTER, Plumbing-Lead. L. S. ADAMS, 'Plumbing-Angle Meas. MRS. ELLA STIMSON, Sewing, Costume Design. H. G. CARLETON, Sheet Metal Shop. J. F. PALMER, Sheet Metal Pattern Dftg. C. H. McROBERTS, Spanish, ASA C. MARSHALL, Jewelry. Sta. Engineering. FLOY STAFFORD, HARRY CONNIAR, Millinery. Vulcanizing. W. HAYES, H. SOLLIE, Orchestra. Welding fOxy-acetylenej. HOWARD B. BERRY, President. LUCY J. HUMMEL, Secretary DAN'L. G. DAVIES, Treasurer. QOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOOQOOOQOQOOOOOQOO-oo-ooooooo-oooooo0ooo---og g SKILL CULTURE SERVICE 5 Q P R 0 G R E s s Q 3 M A Y - 1 9 2 3 3 8 SECOND ANNUALISSUED BY THE MAPLE AVENUE HKHISCHOOL 8 E A Vocational School Specializing in Trade Extension Work 8 540 Maple Avenue Los Angeles, Calif. 8 8 Telephone 823111 3 8 J. E. Timmons, Editor and Manager 8 8 Associate Editors: Lucy J. Hummel, August Flam, Howard B. Berry 8 5 Sadie C. Atherton, Principal-Co-ordinator 5 ' C9 QCDSQQQQSSQQSSSS QSQQQQSGDQQQSSSGSGQSQ QGXDGDQQBGXD NGO Forwarclv EBSTER defines the word Progress as meaning advance , im- provement , derived from the Latin word meaning 'igo forward . When this school issued the first Annual the name Progress was selected as being symbolic of the spirit and work of the school.. Sub- sequent developments have proved that the name was well chosen. When the little group of progressives in the local industrial field first projected the idea of trade extension training in this location even they, possessed of foresight and faith as they undoubtedly were, did not dream that their effort would be the germ from which would develop such an institution of splendid service. Shortly after the idea was put in practice it became apparent that the demand was going to be too great for the institution as then organized, to care for so the Board of Education was appealed to and an Elementary Evening School was formed. Later the work merged into the high school type and the school was organized into a regular Evening High School which was known as the Labor Temple Evening High School. About four years ago, at the suggestion of the principal, the name was changed to that of the Maple Ave. Evening High School as being more appropriate. Now, once again, a long step forward has been taken. A new Trade Extension Department has been created in the school system and Sadie C. Atherton, principal of this school has been appointed as Co-ordinator. This means that this school has been made the center of Trade Exten- sion Training with day and night classes. Verily the name Progress has not been misapplied. MEMBERS of FACULTY Mamie Pfaffenberger Ralph A. McMullen Harry M. Koons - William Hart Katherine Hager Harry E. Gross r G. Richard Wolfe Homer P. Earle August. Flam Harry Conniar Daniel G. Davies Howard B. Berry. John C. Abbott J. E. Timmons, Managing Editor Lucy J. Hummel Head of Diamatic Dept. Palm Canyon MAPLE AVENUE HIGH SCHOOL 540 MAPLE AVENUE, LOS ANGELES, CALIF. K Telephone 823111 Sadie C. Atherton, Principal-Co-ordinator. A Vocational High School For Men' in the Trades. Specializing in Trade Extension Work. ra e Extension Training The Why and l'low Of It By SADIE C. ATHERTON HE unsatisfactory condition prevailing in the shops and building trades as regards the labor situation is the result of the unscientific manner in which the matter has been handled for years back. The employer has not, until recently, made any effort to build up a system to adequately replace the Qld apprenticeship system long since vanished. Perhaps the California employer has been even more lax in this respect than others. With the exception of a few midsummer months there formerly was a steady influx of mechanics from other climes and the employer could, as a rule, pick up j ourneymen for a Wage but slightly in excess of that of a helper and so worried not at all about the labor sup- ply or scientific organization and classification of apprentice or mechanic. The War made a change and the restriction of immigration has had its effect, but the outstanding reason for the chaos which exists in industry, particularly in the building industry, maybe 'traced to the lack of a work- able system for the training of the necessary young men to take the place of those who have been called away or who drop out for one reason or an- other. - i Wage increases and demoralization of labor forces came with the war. Men without special training or experience forced themselves- into certain -Page Fifteen trades because of the higher wages and without any real love of the par- ticular trade or intention of making it their life work. From this cause and because of the tendency to specialization in the larger shops, one finds little of the old time pride that the genuine me- chanics formerly had in their trade. To get by for the time being seems to be about the highest ambition of a large percentage of the workers and many of them have no compunction about jumping from one trade to an- other if better wages offer. What is needed is quality. Skill and pride in workmanship and re- sponsibility on the part of the mechanic must be revived and encouraged. In this way will loss of time and waste of material be eliminated. The skilled mechanic is always a more responsible man. He knows what pains and labor it costs to produce fine work. He has learned to appraise values and to take into account the employer's investment, his responsibilities and risks. Therefore the thoroughly trained mechanic is at all times the most valuable, economical and satisfactory man on the payroll. He can do his work without direction and does not spoil or waste or occasion delay. Now, the question is, what shall be done and what is being attempted towards remedying the unsatisfactory conditions as set forth in the open- ing paragraphs of this article? The Remedy 1 Some means should be provided for the encouragement and advance- ment of the young men in their chosen calling and such care should be exercised in their selection, classification and promotion as will engender a proper valuation of the trade and an ambition and pride in it. Such a system of classification and operation should meet the wants of the several industries under all conditions without lowering any stand- ards of living or of work. Many plans along the lines of education and trade instruction have been evolved by various departments of industry whereby conditions may be bettered and a regular system set up. Large corporations have estab- lished schools within their own plants through which they endeavor to solve their local difficulties. Vestibule classes are being used by some firms where a particular process or machine is taught, short units in trade extension are given in evening classes in the public schools etc. These and many others but partially solve the problem and all seem to have certain drawbacks. In the oldtime regular trade school plan there is the 'necessity of devoting three to four years' time with considerable expense T Page l1Sixteen which eliminates the young person forced to earn a living for himself or family, Cand he is vastly in the majorityl and who is desirous to become something more than a laborer, helper or special machine man. It is essen- tial, if the community is to avail itself of the best that is in its man power, that such an one have the opportunity to become an expert, all-round me- chanic and it is also essential that he have that opportunity while young and capable of assimilating knowledge. The vestibule school runs all to specialization which is only valuable to the particular employer and employe while in the present relationship and of little value to the latter should he secure employment elsewhere and in a different branch of his trade. This, like other types of employers' schools, is objectionable also because it savors of patronage and exploita- tion. ' The short unit evening school instruction is splendid but does not go far enough. The private trade school may be dismissed as being too ob- viously open to exploitation, graft and the teaching of false doctrines. The most successful of all the workable schemes and the most compre- hensive in its scope of training is the cooperative part time line of instruc- tion between the industry and the public school. Here the worker gets the practical work on the job and receives, under the supervision of the public school, instruction in related and supplemental work. The Maple Avenue High School was established six years ago to co- operate with various industries in just this type of work. Classes have been formed as the needs became apparent, the initial enrollment of eighty- five growing until more than ten thousand people from the skilled trades have been served. Owing to the extensive building operations in Los Angeles during these years the classes have been principally along building trades lines. In some instances process work has been given such as lead wiping, vulcaniz- ing, welding, sheet metal work, jewelry making, sewing, millinery etc. but by far the larger groups of students have wanted plan making and in- terpretation, the laying out of work, mathematics, theory and laws of me- chanics, related sciences, design, history of art and such academic studies as are needful for general education. Day Classes Inaugurated Actuated by the crying need for better trained workers in all branches of industries if the progress of this community is to be maintained and in response to widespread and insistent demands on the part of large groups of employers and workers, the Board of Education has decided to inaugu- Page Seventeen rate a system of genuine trade extension work with day classes in connec- tion with the Maple Avenue School. Here the worker and apprentice who is getting practical experience on the job in the actual atmosphere of the trade may come for a certain num- .ber of hours each week and with full pay while so attending, attend classes in related and supplemental work under expert teachers with large prac- tical experience. In some cases it will probably be advisable to teach some units of actual process work in the school In such cases the industry will be expected to furnish the equipment while the public school system fur- nishes teachers, class rooms and such line of equipment and supplies as are customary. A It will be seen that we have here a very happy combination. The school gives to industry the benefit of its perfected system of scientific grading and classification and makes available to the worker all that is new and best in the arts and crafts, accumulated from the best practices and teaching everywhere. The school goes on the job and into the shop and ascertains the needs and provides that supplemental knowledge relat- ing to the trades that no employer is in a position to supply. Getting this supplemental and related instruction in conjunction with the practical experience on the job, the student acquires a certain measure of culture and confidence in himself and takes an interest and pride in his work. The knowledge that he knows, or has the means of learning, the latest and best methods and processes in use throughout the world and that he is gaining a scientific knowledge of the origin, composition, history and manufacture of the things pertaining to his trade such as materials, tools and etc., gives to him a wonderful assurance and pride which makes his work a part of him. Everyone knows that the reason the oldtime apprenticeship system be- came unpopular was because the learner was indentured or bound Cen- slaved they came to term itl to the employer and that was repugnant, especially to the American boy. ln the trade extension system we get the merits of the apprenticeship system without the objectionable features. The interest taken by the employer creates a bond between him and the employe and the fact that it is all being done through the public school system, eliminates any suspicion of patronage, selfish advantage to any one employer over another or exploitation of any kind. This is a wonderful opportunity for the young men and women in the various trades in Los Angeles and will undoubtedly be hailed as a great boon by the employers. Page Eighteen Courses of Stuclyg lvl ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING PLAN READING-ESTIMATING. A-1. Projection tal Orthographic tbl Isometric A-2. Lines, Lettering, Dimensioning A-3. Architectural Symbols A-4. Drawing to Scale A--5. Working Plans Cal Sketches Cbl Floor Plans Ccl Elevations Cdl Arrangement A+6. Plans in Detail fal Foundation details A-7. Typical Elevations A-8. Development of Details Kal Box sill construction tbl Box cornice construction fel Window details A-9. Framing Cal Walls tbl Roofs, pitches Ccl Steel square A-10. Blueprint Reading A-11. Tracing and Blueprinting A-12. Estimating Cal Excavations tbl Concrete work Ccl All other materials fdl Labor Lectures Cal Cement tbl Lime and plaster fcl Bonds in brick work fdl Types of structures Cel Fire-retarding construction ff l Material lists fgl Lumber A-13. aple Ave. High School ART COURSE IN COMMERCIAL AND , FINE ART. A- 1. Decorating A- 2. Scenic Painting A- 3 Designing A- 4. Life Class A- 5 Modeling A- 6. Perspective A- 7. Composition A- 8 Mural Painting A- 9. Illustrating A--10. Poster Drawing A-11. Show Card Work ' Drawing From Cast, Still Life and Figure Work from Life.. Mediums Pencil, Charcoal, Oils, Pen and Ink and Distemper. AUTO ELECTRICS A general course in Ignition and Electrics. DRAMATICS D-1. Pantomime Cal Fundamentals tbl Creative work--with costume D-2. Physical Studies ' fal Correct positions, gestures and use of body g D-3. Principles of the Speaking Voice D-4. Make-up D-5. Play Production D-6. Fundamentals of Directing Page Nineteen DRESS MAKING D-1. Commercial Patterns D-2. Fittings D-3. Finishings D-4. Pressing D-5. Elementary Costume Design D-6. Drafting of Patterns D-7. Alterations D-8. Fancy Dresses and Blouses ELECTRICITY Course in Practical Electrics Supplemental Work E- 1. Fundamental Operations.- Arithmetic faj lst. year apprentice E- 2. Elementary Magnetism E- 3. Ohm's Law E- 4. Laws Governing Repulsion and Induction CFaraday's Lawj E- 5. Single Circuit Calculations, d. c. E- 6. Electromagnetism E- 7. Generator Theory, d. c. E- 8. Motor Theory, d. c. E- 9. D. C. Windings E-10. Practical Generator Applica- tion, d. c. E-11. Fundamental Alternating Current fab Calculations in, a. c, tbl Motor theory, a. c. fel Generator theory, a. c. E-12. Transformer Theory fab Induction E-13. Circuit Calculations a. c. E-14. Motor Control, d. c. E-15. Motor Control, a. c. E-16. Industrial Application of Electricity faj All styles of remote control tbl Commercial application - Telephone and Radio E-17. Trouble' Shooting JEWELRY J- 1. Freehand Drawing Ccharcoal and pencilj fa Models J tbl Ornament Cel Designs Page Twenty J- 2. Mechanical Drawing J- 3. Modeling J- 4. Benchwork J- 5. Principles of Design J- 6 Soldering and Filing J- 7. Saw Piercing and Bending Wire J- 8. Engraving J- 9. Enameling J-10. Hub and Die Cutting J-11. Jewelry Making J-12. History of Ornament J-13. Raising and Hammering Metal J-14l Composition J-15. Stone Setting J-16. Use of Drop Hammer and Punch Press J-17. Polishing and Plating MECHANICAL DRAFTING Plate .... 1.-Line Sheet 2.-Lettering Practice ' 3.-Drawing Room Standards 4.-Projections 5.-Projections 6.-Bolt, Screw Heads, and Nuts 7.-Conventional Details 8.-Motor Shaft ' 9.-Standard 4 in. Flanged Fit- tings H 10.-Coupling and Pulley 11.-Stuffing Box and Gland 12.-Universal Joint and Handwheel 13.-Spur Gear and Pinion 14.-Bevel Gears 15.-Crank Shaft 16.-Piston and Details 97 59 H 17.-Connecting Rod and Cap 18 .-Steam Engine Valve and Stem 19.-High Pressure Steam Engine Piston 20.-Split Journal 21.-Hand Pump 22.-Vacuum Gauge Details 57 23.-Vacuum Gauge Assembly 24.-Globe Valve Details .-Globe Valve Details NOTE:-All drawings are traced on tracing cloth. Satisfactory completion of the above course entitles the student to 5 units of High School credit in day work. 71 MILLINERY Design Paper Pattern Making Frame Construction Different Methods of Cover- ing Materials-Their Uses Steam, Moulding Paper Patterns Wet Moulding for Frames Transparent Hats Trimmings Renovation Linings Flower Making ORCHESTRA Orchestra Routine and Drill in Ensemble Playing. PLUMBING First Year Work Gas and water fitting Soil Pipe Drainage-Testing of Gas and Water Piping Venting-Soil and vent stacks Traps-Construction, operation, siphonage Theory of Hot Water Circulation Building Methods-Simple and difficult installation. Ordinances. Mathematics- Shop problems, fractions, decimals. English. Drawing: faj Lettering, fbj Geometric problems fcj Drawing simple models fdb Free hand sketching feb Pipe plans - Blue prints. Second Year Work Fixtures, Connections, Installa- tions Hot Water Circulation Siphonage Lead Work, Soldering, Use of Soldering Iron P- 5. Mathematics and Angle Meas- urements: fab Percentage fbj Discount fcj Proportion fdj Mensuration pertaining to the trade P- 6. Drawing: fab lst. and 3rd. Angle pro- jections - fbj Intersections and projec- tions fcj Pipe fittings fdj Tracings feb Isometric V ffl Reading house plans fgj Laying out Work from house plans Economics - Civics SUPPLEMENTARY WORK FOR STATIONARY ENGINEERS . Free Hand Sketching . Measurement of Tanks and Cylinders Heat faj Heat boilers Chemistry Refrigeration Fuels: fab Oil fbj Gas fcj Coal Power: Steam Electricity fa? fb? fc! Hydraulics fdj Gas engines feb Diesel or slow combustion engines ffl Turbines 8. Vacuum Cleaning SHEET METAL S.M.-1. Elementary Shop Work: faj Rules and regulations for apprentices fbj Machines and their names fcj Elementary soldering fdj Laying out pipe elbows, pails, etc. fej Listing of materials from bue prints ffl Use of scale rule in con- nection with above Page Twenty-one ,J S.M.-2. Advanced Shop Work: faj Making funnels fbj Octagonal tee joints Qcj Scoops fdj Dripping pans Cel Measures if J Wash boiler covers and scale scoops Cgj Advanced soldering S.M.-3. Architectural and Cornice Work: fab Measuring and laying out of cornice fbi Gable molds fcj Panels fdj Lintels fej Block letters and figures S.M.-4. Marquee, Skylight and Window Work: fab Making of bars, cross bars curbs Cbj Laying out a skylight feb Photographeifs skylight Cdb Hipped skylight Cel Ventilator skylight Cfj Irregular octagon skylight fgj Monitor skylight Chl Different parts of mar- quee and store awnings S.M.-5. Exhaust and Blow Piping: Cal Measuring and laying out of blow pipe system S.M.-6. Test Plan Reading: faj Listing of materials from blue prints S.M.-7. Heating and Ventilating SHEET METAL PATTERN DRAFTING S.M.- M-1. Pattern Drafting Relating to All the Above Subjects: faj Parallel development fbj Radial line development fcj Triangulation SHOP MATHEMATICS Beginner's Course First Semester Common Fractions: 'fab Reducing to lowest terms .tbl Lowest common denomina- tor ' .ich Addition, subtraction, multi- plication, division P ' Cdl Mixed numbers Q Page Twenty-two M.. M- -2 M-3 -4 M-5 6. M-7 8. Decimal Fractions: Cal Addition and subtraction Qbj Reducing common fractions to decimals and decimals to common fractions ' fcj Multiplication and division of decimals CdJ The micrometer Percentage: faj Definitions - Qbj To find - per cent, amount, base rate Ratio and Proportion: tal Definitions fbj Ratios, proportion Measurement of Angles: fab Definitions and problems Measurement of Rectangles and . other Figures: faj The rectangle - the square Cbj Triangles Squares and Square Root The Circle: Cal Definitions Qbb Finding circumference and area . Beginners -- Second Semester M-1 -2 M-3 4. 5. Mensuration of Solids: Cab Solids of rectangular section fbj Cylinders fcj Tables etc. Elements of Algebra: Cal Algebraic notation Cbj Algebraic addition and N sub- traction feb Algebraic multiplication and division fdj Fractions feb Squares and square root Equations: faj Solution of simple equations and transposition of terms Logarithims and Use of Tables: fab Multiplication and division by logs fbj Squares, cubes, square, root and cube root, by use of log- iarithimsl - p 1 Elementary Principles of Tri- gonometry: 'I A tal Trigonometric tables ' ' ' fbj Solution--of right triangles V SECOND COURSE APPLIED MATHEMATICS First Semester M-1. Explanation of Mathematical Tables M-2. Calculation of Screw Threads M-3. Bolts and Nuts M-4. Tapers M-5. ' Shafts M-6. Spur Gears M-7. ' Bevel Glass M-8. Springs M-9. Pulleys M-10. Bearings Second Semester M- 1. Calculation of Rope and Chain Transmission M-- 2. Calculation of -Belts M- 3. Calculation of Horse Power Cformulaej M-- 4. Calculation of Horse Power findicator cardsj M-- 5. Calculation of Machine Weights M- 6. Calculation of Strengths M- 7. Calculation of Stresses M- 8. Factors of Safety M-- 9. Slide Rule Explanation M-10. Plotting curves and Their Use SPANISH S-1. Elementary Vocabulary fab Elementary grammar Cbj Conversation S-2. Continuation of Spanish 1 tal Words added to vocabulary Qbj Conversation fel Special study of verbs S-3. Reading and Translation l faj Conversation - tbl Composition S-4. Composition ' Cal Spanish andlmexican litera- , ture. STRUCTURAL ' STEEL DETAILING SS-1. Detail Drawings Plate- 1. Line Sheet 2. Lettering 3. Projections Plate- 4. Projections 5. Geometrical Pro- blems 6. Geometrical Pro- blems 7. Structural Shapes 8. Structural Rivets 9. Rivet Signs 10. Framing Angles 11. Framing 12. Details for Base of Column 13. Details of Beams 14. Connections 15. Connections 16. Details of Column 17. Details of Column 18. Details of Column 19. Details of Column 20. Details of Column VULCANIZING C213 tbl CCD Cd? V-1. .Auxiliary Knowledge: Tire and rim sizes and how to determine them Load capacities Theory of Vulcanizing Tire construction feb Tire defects and their causes V-2. Tube Repairing: fab Dismounting and mounting Cbj Inspection of tube and tire feb Determining cause of trouble V-3. Repairing: Cal Punctures tbl Blowouts C03 Splicing fdj New sections Cel ffl Valve bases New metal valves V-4. Fabric Tire Repairs: Cal fb? QCD Cdl fel ffl Cs? Q17 Q3 KJJ Ck? Making of reliner Surface patches Reinforcements Relining Bead sections Rebeading Recaping Retreading' Complete sections Steam relations Cost estimations V-5. Cord Tire Repairs: Kal tbl CCD Cdl - feb Cord separations Inside section Outside section Side section Retreading s and boots Page Twenty-three .-. L..-1' a.. ,Q ...-. WELDING AND CUTTING Oxy-Acetylene Process Assembling df Welding stations and Care of Apparatus Handling of Oxygen and Acety- lene Gases Operation of Torches Preparation of Work Use of Filling Roads Use of Fluxes Cutting of Iron and Steel Preparation of Cast Materials ' and Pre-heating of Metals Weld of Cast Iron. Expansion and Contraction of Metals W-10. W-11. W-12. W-1 3. W-14. W-15. W-1 6 W-1 7. W-18 NOTE Q 1-W ff' -' Weld of Malleable Iron' Brazing of Malleable and Cast Iron Brazing of Steel Welding of Brass Welding of Bronze Casting Welding of Copper Preparation of Aluminum for Welding Use of Puddling Rods Welding of Aluminum :-Properties of Metals, Fusion Conductivity, Oxidation, and absorption of Gas taught in connection with 7-9-10- 11-12-13-14-15-16-18. Plumbing Class-Lead Work. . ' Page Twenty-four Mrs. Susan M. Dorsey, Supt. of Schools Mrs. DOTSG37 EI1CiOI'SeS WOFiQ NOTE: When the Student Body announced the decision to get out an Annual the members were greatly pleased and encouraged to receive the following letter of commendation and approval from the Superintendent of Schools, Mrs. Susan M. Dorsey: The Letter: OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS h February 1, 1923. Committee on Publication Maple Avenue Evening School Annual, Los Angeles, California. Dear Friends: p You are to be congratulated upon your plans for issuing another An- nual setting forth the aim and accomplishments of the Maple Avenue Even- ing High School, especially in view of the merit of your former publication. Fine work is being done by principal, teachers and students. Long since this school passed the experimental stage. Your vocational Work is varied and excellent while the opportunities offered for improvement in English and the Fine Arts are increasing with each year. It must be a source of real satisfaction to all who have watched the school from the beginning to note the lengthening list of those Who have profited by its instruction and have become its loyal supporters. ' This phase of adult public education, through which the man on the job is helped to do his Work better and the woman who desires to improve herself in an occupational or academic Way has an opportunity for such betterment, is looming larger each year. It promises Well for the future of society and the state that increasing numbers of men and Women in school and out of school are recognizing that education is not a thing ac- complished in youth, but is a progressive and continuous process. ' ' Very truly yours, p Susan M. Dorsey, Superintendent. Page Twenty-six Day Classes lnaugurated fEclitorialD N recommendation of Superintendent of Schools, Mrs. Dorsey, seconded by Arthur Gould, Supervisor of High Schools and W. S. Kienholz, Director of Vocational Education, the Los Angeles Board of Education on Thursday, May 3, made an order appointing Sadie C. Atherton, who has been principal of this Maple Avenue Evening School ever since it was first organized, to the position of Co-ordinator in a trade extension division of the vocational department of the school system. This, in effect, creates a new department in local school activities and the -action was taken only after strong and repeated representations and petitions had been received from large and representative employers and groups of both employers and craftsmen in the industries, who View with alarm a condition that is fast becoming, in their opinion, a menace to the growth and prosperity of the community,-namely, the ever-increasing scarcity of fully trained mechanics and artisans and the lack of any ade- quate system of apprenticeship by which to replace the veteran mechanics who are naturally dropping out of the ranks from time to time. Since its inauguration six years ago, the Maple Avenue Evening School has been conducting work along trade extension lines. Although being but an evening school and consequently limited in scope, the work here has at- tracted attention and apparently proved beneficial as practically all of those Who have petitioned for a trade extension division withday classes, point- ed to the work here as being of the right. kind and an exemplification of what might .be accomplished on a larger scale with properlyorganized day classes. . . W Indeed for many months past, yes, years, .employersof the city have made inquiries of this school and requests for ,day classes. . In -recent months these requests became of so frequent occurence and were of so urgent a nature that it was decided to lay the whole matter before the properofficials of the school administration. r i Page ,Twentysseven These requests came, not only from employers and groups of employers but from groups of workers and mechanics also. A hearing was held on the proposition by the board of education on April 23rd. when letters were presented from many of the large indust- ries and representative men, some of whom appeared in person, petition- ing that a trade extension department be inaugurated. Following this meeting an investigation was made which verified the representations ofthe petitioners and showed a widespread demand for the work. Therefore, at the following meeting of the Board, the resolution was passed creating the department and appointing Mrs. Atherton Supervisor. It will be the duties of Mrs. Atherton to make a thorough survey of the field and organize classes in such of the trades and industries as are most in need of them. To these classes the younger workers will come a certain number of hours each week under full pay of the employer and receive supplemental training in their chosen trade. Such industries as the Tile and Marble dealers, Plumbers, Brick Masons, Manufacturing Jewelers and Plasterers have been for several months past, endeavoring to work out a plan of training along these lines and some of them have a considerable number lined up who are ready to begin attendance as soon as classes are started. Negotiations are under way, to procure a vacant lot adjoining the premises at present occupied by this school upon which to erect a building for some of the classes. The men interested in the brick industry-manufacturers, contractors and journeymen-have offered to furnish the necessary brick and erect the building and the plumbers have offered to furnish and install the necessary plumbing. The Building Material Dealers Protective Association has also signified a willingness to supply material. A complete description of trade extension work in the school will be found in other columns of this publication. It is rather a new departure and will be watched with interest. Thorough cooperation is the greatest essential and it will be necessary for both employer and worker to give the fullest possible cooperation. The faculty and students of the Maple Avenue High School are much pleased with the recognition and honor shown Mrs. Atherton and also with the approval bestowed upon the work of this school. Page Twenty-eight Where the School Dollars By BRUCE A. FINDLAY Come FOFIT1 Assistant to the Supt. of Schools. LTHOUGH School Finance may not be an absorbing subject to the lay- man from the standpoint of interest, it is, nevertheless, one of the most vital as every tax-payer is affected by it, whether he will or no. It is not the intention of this brief article to give an analysis of how the dollar is spent, but, rather, to give a little idea of sources from which school revenues are derived. The 'political units from which school revenues are derived are three: viz., state, county, and school districts. The first two units are well understood, but the third is not so familiar to the layman. The state law pro- vides that the elementary and high school districts shall be separate and distinct units, each having its own Board of Trustees. Al- though in many instances Cas is the case in the Los Angeles School Districtsj the same districts. The territorial boundaries of the - trustees act for both districts are different in our own case, the high school district covering some 900 square miles while the elementary district is considerably smaller. A The boundaries of the school districts are not confined to the limits of the city proper, the school districts including a much greater territory. The vast- ness of this territory makes school administration a real problem, as our districts cover from the mountains to the sea. The money which is contributed by the state is apportioned to the school districts on a basis of 9530 per pupil in average daily attendance. This is the case in both the elementary and high school districts, 330 be- ing allowed for each elementary and each high school student. For ex- Page Twentyfnine ample, if there are 200 school days in the school year and a student is present all of these days, the district will receive 5530. If the sudent is present only three-fourths of the time, or 150 days, the district will receive but three-fourths of S30 or 52250. Inasmuch as it costs no more in salary for a teacher to teach a class of thirty than it does a class of fifteeng and, as the amount of revenue from the state is twice as large for a class of thirty as for a class of fifteen, it is readily recognizable why teachers try so hard to keep up the attendance in classes. The method of computing the attendance for evening schools is slightly different, but it amounts to about the same thing in the long run. It is a well established principle of business that large scale production is more economical per unit than small scale. While it is more desirable from an educational standpoint to have small classes, it is a necessity from a financial standpoint to conduct classes of a reasonable size. It is, there- fore, most important that students who enroll in evening classes maintain a regular attendance. The second political unit is the county, from which the elementary and high school districts receive not less than a certain minimum which is fixed by law and any additional amount that may be necessary. Inasmuch as there is a legal maximum district tax, and as the revenue from this district tax is often insufficient to meet the requirements, the county is called upon to make up the difference. In other words, the amount of money received from the state is limited: the amount of money receivable from the school districts is limited, hence the county must furnish what is needed in excess of these amounts in addition to the minimum required of them by law. The third political unit is the school district. The money receivable from this unit may be used for the operation of schools. Schools may be built from funds raised by a special building tax. However, inasmuch as the funds necessary to carry on an extensive building program would necessitate a prohibitive tax rate, schools are built ordinarily out of the money received from the sale of bonds which are levied against taxable property in the school districts. The maximum legal bonded indebtedness of either elementary or high school districts may not in any case exceed five per cent of the assessed valuation of the property in the district. This provision is the protection against a possible over-bonding of the district. That education pays a greater dividend on the money invested than any other investment in the community is a well established fact. The com- munity that invests its money wisely in educational activities is bound to ' Page Thirty receive tangible results in increased productivity to the individual Which, of course, means increased productivity to society. In this day and age there is positively no excuse for ignorance on the part of anyone. Text- books are even furnished to the student by the community. This com- munity has been generous in meeting its educational needs.. It is hoped that those who are in a position to take advantage of these educational op- portunities will make the best possible use of them. Enrollment for Day Classes D a y Cla s s e sg Day Classes for Plumbers, Bricklayers, Tile and Marble Workers, Plasterers and Detail Plan Interpretation and Making for the various trades, are in process of formation and are open for enrollment. B ull e t i n sg Bulletins will be issued from time to time announcing additional classes, their time and places of meeting, with their courses of study. S t u d e n t sg All persons with previous trade training or experience or those who are at present employed in the trades, are eligible for enroll- ment in these classes. I n f o r m a t i o ng For information concerning day or night classes in any department, call 823111 and get in touch with the Co-ordinating Principal, Sadie C. Atherton, 540 Maple Ave. Page Thirty-one Problems of the Vocational School N O one can come in contact with employers in many cities, in dealing with apprentices particularly, without observing how badly informed they are on the functions of the Vocational School. Of this the average employer, superintendent, or foreman, has only a hazy idea. Usually he is prejudiced against them and this prejudice is often strengthened when he asks a vocational school pupil what is being taught him and receives an unsatisfactory reply. Here again Los Angeles has come to the front, and in her Part-Time Vocational classes has given to the average employer an excellent chance to find out to just what extent the public school can be of service to him. Vocational schools and vocational departments of our public schools are still in their infancy. Few realize what a multitude of problems the director has to face. His is a big job. There is as much difference in handling vocational students and students of the regular High School as there is between day and night. Results call for assistance from employer and employee, and one of the greatest problems lies here. Vocational classes in the public schools are for the purpose of furnish- ing employees with more or less general and less specific training than say-a corporation school, and in this way they lay the foundation for that later specialization. Preparatory vocational classes in industrial, trade and commercial work give elementary preparation to young people before they go to work. These classes have certain distinct and well-recognized values. They serve as a selective process, helping young people to find out before they go to work what are the things in which they are interested, and what are the things at which they are likely to be most proficient. This is helping a great deal in the more intelligent choice of a career and better fitting of employes to their work. These schools are rescuing from the scrap pile many boys and girls who are not interested in the re- gular public school work of the high school type-who find their best ex- pression in dealing with things concretely and learn best by doing-and who see things better when they are related to what they are doing. This is distinct salvage. Such schools are laying the ground work for a broader understandingand an appreciation of quantities, of problems, and of ap- plication of knowledge to industrial fields. Page Thirty-two Adult Education Essential By WILLIAM GIBBS McADOO Former Secretary of the U. S. Treasury Y experience in life convinces me that, no matter how long a man may live or how much he may learn in schools and colleges and in practical affairs, he can never get too much education The world is so vast in area and diversification, populations are so great and of such varied races, social, economic and political problems are of such com- plexity and magnitude, that human brains of increasing power and know- ledge are required to deal with them. These brains cannot be developed with- out constant application and study and even the most powerful brains, at the end of a long lifetime of strenuous and intelligent effort, will know little at best, in comparison with the vast storehouse of knowledge which a superman would have to possess to contend successfully with the greatest problems that are inseparably connected with human life and progress. It therefore behooves every man al and Woman to acquife 311 the know- Underwood 8: Underwood Studios ledge, theoretical and practical, that they can possibly get if they want to add to their effectiveness and increase their chances of success. Life is a continuous school and there is an unconscious and constant absorption of knowledge by the intelligent individual, in addition to the conscious knowledge he gains from actual and direct effort. Adult schools, especially of the vocational character, supply, I think, Page Thirty-three L one of the most admirable possible means of increasing the knowledge and power of those who use them and I can think of no advice I could give that would be more useful to the average man and woman of ambition and high purpose, than to gain all the benefit they can from this adult educational Work. It is not, of course, given to every man or woman to be great, in the sense that we ordinarily use that term but it is given to every man and Woman to become useful citizens through demonstrated character, ability and service and to become great in this respect, in the work that is allotted to them in life. ' It is the sum of the effort of citizenship of this character which lifts democracy to higher levels and makes a people, in the noblest sense, the leaders of an advancing civilization. .1 'W d'Jewelry'Class 'I H V E Page Thirty-four A plan Reading By HOWARD B. BERRY Head of Architectural Drafting Dept. HE old system of apprenticeship has broken down and nothing has been evolved to take its place. Now-a-days, when a boy leaves school, systematic training in his daily task ceases. Under the apprentice system he was required to work to a standard set by the master Workman. The apprentice was taught the how and why of things. Youngimen who go out in search of employment now, bluff their way along until hiring and firing becomes a frequent occurence. ,Schools must be provided, if this problem is to be solved, where every man who wishes to learn a trade may continue systematic study and practice in his chosen work. Lack of confidence and technical skill soon lower the stand- ard of production. If part-time day schools and evening schools were provided for the boys of apprentice age, many would avail themselves of the opportunity thus afforded. One of the biggest handicaps confronting the average present day mechanic is his inability to read architect's drawings. Cannot Build Without Plans Every .building structure of any kind is evolved from a set of pre- arranged plans and drawings, detailed and dimensioned sufficiently to ex- press the ideas of the architect or' person who conceives them. A practical knowledge of architectural drafting is vitally essential to the builder or contractor who expects to win success in the building business. The builder who is able to interpret plans readily has a decided advantage over the one who does not know the architectural symbols on a drawing or the method of projecting intersecting areas. The men who actually do the- work of erecting a building but cannot read the plans from which they are supposed to work, may be numbered by the thousands. Schools must be provided for them where they can ifaga-Pfhmyiiae learn to read plans. It is not essential for the men in the building trades to become accomplished draughtsmen but, if they can picture in their minds what the architect shows on a plan or an elevation, they can express in a concrete form to a better result than when they have to be told by some one else what the drawing means. Most hf us see objects in perspective, the designer shows objects in right lines at true lengths or to scale. The men in the trades can be easily taught to picture the object as it appears when assembled without spending years of study as draughtsmen. The blue print which the builder has on the job seldom shows the struc- ture in isometric projection. If it were so he would see the finished job beforehand because it would appear to him like other objects about him. It requires considerable training to become a skilled draughtsman but that is not necessary for the average builder. He should, however, study free- hand sketching which will enable him to express his ideas in such a way to the mechanic that there will be no doubt in the mechanic's mind. So much material is wasted and work bungled up through inability to interpret plans that, if the man-hours and man-days wasted daily on build- ing work from this cause could be counted, the sum would be appalling. - Many workmen who claim to be master workmen in their trade are inefficient because they cannot interpret blue prints. This is largely their own faultg it is comparatively easy to learn if one is willing to study along a definite line of endeavor. There are too many workmen today who content themselves with the idea that they know enough to get by , as the expression goes. The time is rapidly approaching when greater technical skill will be required. If higher pay is expected by the craftsman he must be able to deliver the goods and no one can do that without being prepared to the highest standard attainable. T To that end then, every artisan in any trade should be able to interpret plans of the work he is performing, learn the language of the designer and the result will be a better product, less waste, higher wages, lower cost to the buyer and satisfaction to all parties concerned. Page Thirty-six Sl-:iii and Quality the Demand Tracie Extension the Hope By D. C. CASSELMAN Secretary-Manager Los Angeles Builders' Exchange T no time in history has there been such a demand for skill, quality, and general efficiency in the building industry as V the present. While we may be equal, in a degree, to meet the exigencies of to-day, what of the future? Without elaboration or comparison as to other crafts, mention of the fact that Govern- ment statistics show that 53? of the plasterers of to-day are forty-six years of age or older, may be of interest. What is being done to supplant the retiring members of this partic- ular craft and others as Well? The Vocational Training and Trade Exten- sion Schools appear the very best short cut practical solution, and the thought and theory developing throughout the land is evidence that such schools as the Maple Avenue Evening High School should receive the united recognition and support of the community. The department at Washington, Board of Education, and civic organi- zations in general, have recognized the importance and beneficial results of such work, properly applied. This is not intended for the apprentice alone, in fact, the endeavor is beyond, all things included. The Worker who is ambitious, industrious, and far-seeing enough to realize the value of better trade training and to devote his spare time to Page Thirty-seven the acquirement of that knowledge, may be safely put down as a good citizen, a safe citizen and a poriftable citizen. The prejudice against trade schools - and there has been such pre- judice - has been that such schools put theory above practice and turned out mechanics on papern who became completely lost when they got into the thick of the work on 'a job. Any school which with necessarily limited quarters, claims to be able to take an untrained, inexperienced person and make a thoroughly equipped mechanic out of him in a few short months, is claiming something that any practical man in the industries knows to be an impossibility. A canvas of the situation as regarding Vocational Training at the present time would 'seem to show that the most necessary and advisable thing to do is to work towards -a system of practical trade-extension in- struction by Which the workers could be classified and the experienced mechanic who has learned his trade in the past, given the things which he lacks - the more scientific methods which the industry has evolved since the time he learned his trade - and the learner or apprentice given the necessary preparatory and supplemental training to perfect him in what- ever grade or year he belongs so that every step he takes may be along the most approved and scientific, and therefore most economic, lines, thus producing a finished and efficient mechanic. Page Thi!-ty-eig-ht Architectural Drafting Class All such instruction should be by teachers who, from practical exper- ience, know what is required from the man on the job and who also have the necessary academic training to enable them to successfully impart that knowledge to others. Such a system of trade-extension work would undoubtedly receive the enthusiastic support of employers in shops and on construction work and no intelligent mechanic could reasonably oppose it. The work as carried on in the Maple Avenue Evening School seems to be more nearly along the lines of practical trade-extension work than is generally found elsewhere. One is impressed that the effort is to put into practical effect and extend to the members of the various classes the knowledge of the value of skilled training. e Should the system of trade-extension work expand until a comprehen- sive and thoroughly organized institution for the teaching of it becomes a reality, I am sure it will be welcomed and supported by the building in- dustry of not only this city but the entire country as well. Five Features of Trade Extension 1.-Definite co-operative arrangement between an educational institu- tion and industrial plants, by which instruction is given in supplemental and related work by the institution and the practical experience is given by the industry, and both are co-ordinated in a systematic and progressive educational program. 'i 2.-Willingness on the part of industrial plants to make such adjust- ments in equipment, processes, and methods as are necessary for the pro- motion of educational aims. 3.-Willingness of the educational institution to eliminate non-essen- tials and to base theoretical instruction on what actually happens, and suf- ficient skill in organization to secure realization of theory through its practical application . S l - 4.-Careful selection of employes, instructors, and student workers who are capable of being inspired with a vision of the responsibilities as well as the possibilities of the plan. e ' 5.-Administration of the devices of alternating periods in such a way as to secure continuous and progressive action on the process or job in the factory, as well as in the work of the student and the instructor in the school. Page Thirty-nine Types of Trade Schools HEN trade schools are mentioned the average person thinks of the trade school of a few years ago - 'a splendidly equipped institution where a man, in the course of three or four years, finished a scien- tific study of his complete trade, comprising all theoretical and supple- mental lines and also becoming skilled in mechanical processes and mani- pulation. - This type of school is still functioning in some of the eastern cities and turns out very excellent j ourneymen in the various trades. A course in one of those schools means, of course, a devotion of several years time and a considerable expenditure of money which at once eliminates the young person whom economic necessity compels to help provide a living for himself or family but who at the same time is ambitious to acquire a thor- ough knowledge of some chosen trade before he becomes advanced in years. Next in importance to this type is, perhaps, the corporation school. Practically all large corporations now conduct, as a part of their institu- tions, a system of instruction whereby their skilled employes may still further improve themselves and the unskilled ones become finished me- chanics. Then there is the vestibule school. In various industrial institutions, both large and small, the superintendents, foremen and maintenance men, conduct what are called Vestibule Schools , where one or more learners are taught the operation of one particular machine. Again, all large industrial plants employing the foreign element have regular classes for the teaching of English, writing and elemental mathe- matics. These schools are conducted and maintained at the expense of the em- ploying corporation. Trade Extension the Latest and Best Perhaps the newest feature in trade instruction is in the line of trade extension and is a cooperative system embracing the three agencies - employer, employe and the public school system. Page Forty Under this system those confronted with the necessity of earning some money and at the same time anxious to improve and advance in their chosen trade until they become a thoroughly rounded out mechanic before the best years of their lives have passed, attend school a certain number of hours each week on full pay. Courses of study are drawn up jointly by the three agencies. Theoretical, supplemental and some process work, the trade science, applied mathematics - in fact all the work pertaining to the trades of the students that cannot be readily obtained on the job, is taught in the school. No work is duplicated in the school that can be better learned in the atmosphere of the trade. The aim is not to do away with the apprentice- ship system but to shorten it and to give the learner a complete and scien- tific knowledge of the entire trade with specialization in some one line. The expense of equipment is borne by the industry while the sch-ool supplies a place to house the classes and pays the instructor, also sees to it that only those things essential to the trades are taught. Heretofore night schools have conducted various types of supplemental work in trade extension, such as drawing, blue prints and mathematics. Although good results have been obtained, this system has the serious drawback of working against the fatigue of the day and being aside and apart from the real trade atmosphere such as is found in the day trade extension school. EXCERPTS FROM SAMUEL GOMPERS' SPEECH ON AMERICAN SCHOOLS AND THE WORKING MAN In order to be consistent with democratic ideals, public schools must meet the needs of all. They must fit not only for the administrative, di- rective positions in life, but they also must meet the needs of those, who by their creative labor powers and the coordination of their minds and muscles give existence to the ideals and purposes that are in the minds of those who control industry and commerce . An appreciation of education has resulted in the demand for a wider use of the schools in order that fuller and better opportunities for learning, culture, and sociability may be brought into the common life. Education is an attitude toward life - an ability to see and understand problems and to utilize information -and forces for the best solution of these problems. Page Forty-one in New information and a wider knowledge make possible the maintenance of this attitude as long as life shall last . ' 'Schools represent a public investment. It is common sense and national economy to secure the greatest amount of service from them . ' The Organized Labor movement makes this demand upon educational ideals: Give to the masses of the people, those who perform mechanical work, which of its very nature is monotonous and may become alsofstultify- ing, an imaginative understanding and such a wide comprehension of the wholeness of life that no vocation need be to them a rut. Enable each to see up and beyond with a vivifying mental grasp that shall interpret labor in values of human service, and to do the day's work with the joy of crea- tive labor . h LABOR FEDERATION JOINS EDUCATION FORWARD MOVEMENT The executive council of the American Federation of Labor has ap- proved the plan submitted by the American Federation of Labor committee on education, under instructions from the Cincinnati convention, whereby the Federation will be adequately and permanently represented in directing the activities of the Workers' Education Bureau, New York, N. Y., with which the Federation has hitherto co-operated under a temporary agree- ment. s Under the terms of this agreement, an executive committee of nine members was created to direct the policies and activity of the Bureau. The chairman of the Federation committee on education, Mr. Matthew Woll, has been elected chairman of the executive committee of the Work- ers? Education Bureau, and two other members of that committee, Mr. George W. Perkins a11d Mr. John P. Frey, have been elected members of the same executive committee. ' Writing to the various labor organizations on this subject, President Gompers of the Federation of Labor says: In accord with the convention instructions I wish to commend the work of this Bureau to you and your membership for the purpose of furthering adult workers' education. I earnestly urge all affiliated organizations to co-operate in this work through affiliation with the Bureau . Page Forty-two Education and Complete Living By W. S. KIENHOLZ Director Vocational Education Los Angeles School District DUCATION has been variously defined in the past. Many such de- finitions have been quite apropos for the age and the intellectual at- mosphere of the occasion. It is quite common for some educators to sum up a great educational conference by defin- A , ing education in terms of the prevailing thought. Many of these definitions are unquestionably good, but some of them were better when they were given than they are today or, perchance, will be tomorrow. A few definitions that have been given may interest. Education , says one writer, is the systematic development and cultivation, of the mind and other natural powers . An- other speaks of education in the following terms: Any full education must be the result in great ' ' part of instruction, training, and personal association . Another says, Education is the systematic development and cultivation of natural powers by inoculation, example, etc . One of our present day educators defines education as adjustment to spiritual possession of race with View to realizing one's potentialities and to perpetuate civilization . Another writer, discussing the function of edu- cation, has the following to say: It is a waste of public money to teach things that are not useful. Some test for relative value should be applied to all subject matter . Many other versions of education might be given, some accentuating the cultural, others the spiritual, still others the social and economic. When Spencer defined education as preparation for complete living , he touched Page Forty-three .4. upon the whole field of human activity. Education probably should not be confined alone to preparation for complete living. Education is complete living. Education must measure up and stand the test of completeliving today, and, at the same time, perpetuate civilization of the future. A brief analysis of 1ife's activities reveals certain demands which might be placed under three heads, viz., Individual, Social, Economic. Individual Demands First: Physical, which calls for the intelligent maintenance and growth of the human body, through proper food, exercise, rest, sanitation, protection from injury and disease, etc. If man would be physically fit and efficient, these demands must be understood and properly and scien- tifically observed. Second: Mental development. There can be no complete living with- out a high state of mental development and knowledge. It is fundamental that man learn to read, write, and speak correctly the English language and to have a working knowledge of the elementary processes of mathema- tics, that he develop ability to appreciate and use art, history, literature, and the sciences, that he have an appreciation of the aesthetic arts, such as music, etc., and develop the ability to use the arts effectively in situa- tions arising in every day life. Class in Millinery Page Forty-four Third: Spiritual development, soul culture, religion. In every normal individual there is an impulse toward good. This impulse should be cul- tivated and strengthened into habits of a moral sort, for morality is largely a matter of habit in thought, speech and action. Someone has said, mo- rality is not something added to man, it is the man . Thompson in his Philosophy of Teaching says: True moral teaching seeks to effect con- duct indirectly by the general elevation of life. Whatever brings out the features of the soul, develops fully and harmoniously its powers and fa- culties, directs the aspiring self to the highest claims of manhood, frees and stimulates the ethical possession among the forces of man's nature, reveals to the individual the beauty and worth of character, and inspires the soul with a passion for truth and righteousness that shall press towards abso- lute satisfaction, is moral teaching . Today, more than ever, there is this great need of moral education. Social Demands Clearly one of the prime objectives of education is to train for the duties and responsibilities of full citizenship. It becomes the duty of every individual to develop the ability to find available social and civic services and intelligently select from them and then to use such services with tact and judgment. On the other hand, the life complete calls for ability in taking the initiative in rendering service to the various social groups, the domestic group, neighborhood, vocational, political, religious, etc. Education that concerns itself with improving the social relationship in any or all social groups is social education. Improving the social groups means the improving of the individual in his relation to others. Such improvement calls for a clear understanding and regard for the social virtues and an absolute abhorrence for social vices. The man who possesses genuine social virtues is known in the family group as a good, kind, and considerate husband, father, brother or son. Among his vocational workers he is spoken of as a good foreman, straight shooter , square fellow, etc. In his community he is regarded as honest, dependable, law abiding and public spirited. In the Church he is praised for his Christian fellowship, fidelity, loyalty and piety. In politics he believes in the administration of justice, loyalty to institutions and policies that have been approved by the people and which aim to bring the greatest good to the greatest number. On the other hand, he abhors dishonesty, grafting, lawlessness, criminality etc. Since the social groups are growing more and more complex, while Page Forty-five . original nature changes but little, social education ,which because of its very nature might well include civic, moral and religious education, must be given more consideration by every thinking man and Woman in the future. Economic Demands ' , It is expected that the individual should contribute something to so- ciety and that he earn effectively and spend wisely, thus becoming an eco- nomic unit in life's activities rather than one who lives off the efforts of others. It means the developing of power to evaluate skills and abilities for which there is a demand. It means the acquiring of skills and auxiliary knowledge necessary to do a given work Well. It is expected that for services well and effectively rendered there be a just compensation, a wage that is compatible with the services rendered, and that the working conditions under which such services are performed be such as to bring about the best results and the greatest happiness to the worker. It is expected that the individual spend wisely, according to his means. The spendthrift soon comes to grief and the penurious bring unhappiness, not only to themselves, but to all those in their company. Probably never before in the history of the world has there been such a demand for skilled workers as today. With the breakdown of the old apprenticeship system, there has come a dearth of skilled workers in all lines of industrial pursuits. That a new apprenticeship must be establish- ed none can deny. In a measure, this new apprenticeship is being estab- lished through vocational training. Here is the opportunity for schools to render one of the greatest and most far reaching social services poss- ible. Someone has well said: With the ample resources at its disposal the school can initiate an apprenticeship which will continue through life and which will embrace for those who develop capacity, the very highest activ- ities in the fields of industry, science, and art . Industry to be successful must be built on truth and the true worth of every individual is only in proportion to his knowledge of the truth. If boys and girls in our schools are to have a fair chance in right choosing in industry,,there should be ample ,opportunities in trying out and becoming familiar withmnmanyioccupations. P c n , , V, . iWith the above analysis,f it must be evident that education has todo with all 1if,efs activities,.thatits scope isunlimited, and that its beginning is in the nursery and it continues throughout life. l Page. Forty-six. Life Class in Maple Avenue School By FRANK GERITZ, Noted Artist ENTHUSIASTS have talked to me at length about Los Angeles as a culture and art center-all of which I indulged with an incredulous smile. Then I was told of the public Life Class of the Maple Avenue trade extension school and again doubted for, while such public classes are com- mon enough in Paris and other European cities, they are not so common in this country, and I was agreeably impressed with the fact that the board of education here had sanctioned them. On finding such a class an actuality I beamed with satisfaction and my incredulity in Los Angeles as an art center was displaced by a feeling of possible belief g for, with such an initiative-such seed planted-the em- bryonic artist as well as the embryonic art of the community has great op- portunity to break through the common ground and grow. The organization of this class is indeed highly commendable. It of- fers an opportunity to many to find and develop their latent talents who, otherwise, through lack of finances or other circumstances, would either have to deny themselves the opportunity or postpone it until too lateg for if delayed too long the spark of art expression that might have blazed forth into brilliant art creation either flickers out through lack of stimulus or is snuffed out through accumulating responsibilities. Drawing from life is the greatest test of a student's talent and is a vital need for most lines of art expression, figure or portrait painting, il- lustration or commercial art of any description. A or Having closely observed the art class of the Maple Avenue Schoolon several occasions I can say that the work is carried on with ability and enthusiasm. . . - .. ' e - Page 'Forty-seven The Revival of Blocl: Cutting. By FRANK GERITZ, in California Southland THE revival of wood block or linoleum block cutting and printing is so widespread throughout the civilized countries' that noted art critics claim The Golden Age of block printing is imminent if not already here. Truly so when we see such masters as Brangwyn, Soper, Vilbert and others embrace it and that it is being added to high school courses where instruc- tors can be secured. In this revival California is taking her part and, in the south has Benjamin Brown, Howell Brown, May Geartheart, Howard Willard and the writer as active creators in this medium. Two factors are responsible for the revival ,of block cutting, a process which, contrary to general belief, originated in the early part of the four- teenth century, preceding printing. One factor is that there is a demand by art lovers with limited purses, for fine things to collect. An original painting by a master is out of the question but a block print by the same man quite within reach. Then too with bungalow homes and apartments with limited wall spaces the block prints are found to be ideal spots of color. The other factor, perhaps the most essential and vital one, is that the block process with its insistent imposition of simplicity and limitation was the compromise and haven of refuge to the artists caught in the cross- current of abstractions, realism and impressionism and a cure for the an- aemic art which is the product of machine reproduction. The blocks, with their limitation, modified realism and abstractions into strong decorative forms. Then too, the deliberate, definite and virile results have a charm of their own as well as the fact that it is an individual and creative process. The finished print, through all its processes, designing, cutting and printing, is the inspiration and product of one man. Is A Versatile Medium It is a most Versatile medium, expressing with equal force in black and white or a full gamut of color. First there are the black and white Page Forty-eight blocks with lines or strong inassesg next' some black line ' blocks serve as key blocks to a set of color, blocks and serve to 'bind the coinl' position and' carry the drawingg the Japanese prints are made in this Way. Passion, a character sketch, block print Then there are color blocks in which 'masses of color and value play against one another Without any lines to bind them. It is interesting with K Q Page Forty-nine a set of blocks to print them in different color schemes and note the sur- prising different moods so expressed. ' . Block printing, briefly, consists of drawing a design and tracing it with brush and ink on tracing paper and glueing this paper to the block, or drawing directly on the block, wood or linoleum, then cutting away with knife or tools all except that which is intended to print. This is charged with color and impression made by pressure or rubbing. Woodblock prints inthe early part of the fourteenth century grew out of the need of the people for pictures. Oil paintings, water colors or minia- tures, which then were in vogue, were too expensive for most people. Another factor was the need of the churches to disseminate religious knowledge. First Biblical scenes were cut and colored by hand with gaudy colors. Then illustrations for educational books, of which at first the let- tering was done by handg next the lettering was cut into block, too, and thus whole plates were made. Albrecht Durer, the great German master of the fifteenth century, carried woodcutting to a high development with his series of blocks, all in black and white. The Italians added color blocks and increased the size of blocks to proportions of paintings. There is one extant measuring six feet by two feet. It is said to be the works of these early Italian block artists that were carried by missionaries to Japan and started the Japanese making Woodblock prints. It is of interest that the German block artists are now accused of being too much influenced by the Japanese. Woodcuts were in wide use as illustrations, gradually evolving into fine wood engravings, and as photo-engraving was invented and perfected, the woodblocks were relegated to obscurity and only -an occasional artist thought to express himself in it. Now, seven hundred years later, in the reaction against the indiscrim- inate eyes of the photoengraving process, and the far too prolific emit- ings of the multicolor presses, and in the maelstrom and chaos of the art isms, it is being revived again, to act as a stabilizer, and revive art with comprehensive simplicity and strength. Page Fifty Gxy-Acetylene Weding and Cutting i One of the courses offered in the Maple Avenue School that has been in popular demand is that of Welding and Cutting by oxygen-acetylene process. Classes in this branch of the mietal industry are conducted every night in the week and -are always filled to capacity. During recent years this type of welding has supplanted the more la- borious form of hammer welding formerly used. Not only does it perform the function of the former method but it is used to advantage in joining plates and pipe sections where rivets were formerly employed. Like all advanced systems of operation, this method of cutting and welding makes a much better job than the old and is immeasurably faster. Another important feature is that almost all kinds of metal can be treated and difficult, partially hidden places can be repaired that would be abso- lutely impossible of treatment in the old way. The units most in demand in the school are those in steel, cast iron and aluminum. Many of the students have taken the course in order to qualify as pipe-line cutters and Welders largely employedby the oil and pipeline transportation companies. The average man who has some knowledge of metals can qualify in the unit of pipe and steel welding in twenty weeks-two hours per evening- five evenings per week. The instruction is given in both theory and prac- tice. ' Wages for pipe-line welders range from 56.60 to 310.00 per day. A About 2571 of the men who have been served in this department have attended for instruction in torch operation alone while another 25W have wanted the work pertaining to their particular lines of commercial Weld- ing. The remaining 50Z, are men who want to learn steel and pipe-line welding owing to extraordinary expansion in the development of public utilities throughout the state and the ever-increasing operations in oil. Best evidence of the thoroughness and practicability of the instruction given may be found in the fact that many of the large contractors and shop owners who have employed graduates from this department have X Page Fifty-one 3 . expressed the utmost satisfaction with their Work and have requested that they be given first chance Whenever others graduate. I Appended is a sample of many letters received by this department at- testing to the genuine quality of the instruction given: Acetylene Welding Class , HUNTER NICHOLSON Welding Contractor 209 Terminal Sales Bldg. Los Angeles, Calif., Feb. 28, 1923. Mr. D. G. Davies, Welding Instructor, Maple Avenue Evening High School, Los Angeles, Calif. Q Dear Sir:- I take great pleasure in recommending the acetylene welding class of the Maple Avenue School to anyone who desires to learn acetylene Welding. The men who have learned to weld at your school and who have come under my observation, have made good. I think anyone who wishes to learn welding of all metals and who will attend your classes with a determination to learn, will obtain an education that will fit him to hold a position in any branch of the welding industry. Hoping for your continued success, I remain, Yours truly, HUNTER NICHOLSON. Page Fifty-two H7777 g Vocational Mechanicalf Drawing By AUGUSLI' FLAM ' A ' Head of Mechanical Drawing Dept. A HE students in Mechanical Drawing in Maple Avenue Evening High School are drawn from a number of industries. An average class of fifteen students one term represented no less than twelve different occupations. Store clerks, carpenters, machinists, toolmakers, steam fit- ters, electricians, and salesmen are just a few to indicate the wide variety of experience brought to the work. I As a rule students seldom expect to enter the profession of drafting, although some have done so. When questioned as to what they expected the course in Mechanical Drawing to give them, the answers have' been found as varied as interesting. One man is desirous of being able to put his inventions on paper 5 another, so that he may be able to read blue prints, a third, so that he may attain a position of greater responsibility in his own line of work, a fourth brings in a specific problem from his own job. One prospective student asked if he could be prepared within three or four weeks for an opening in a drafting room which he knew existed. Men who spend daily from eight to ten hours and often longer at their work and then are willing to go to school for several hours more in the evening, must surely have something in their makeup worthy of recogni- tion. The aim of the Mechanical Drawing Course is to give the student as nearly as possible what he most requires, and that which will be of great- est assistance to him in his efforts to round himself out into an expert in the particular line of work he is engaged in. The equipment of the school has been very limited, but the work has been mapped out so that a student enteringican begin without any more tools and equipment than the school can give him. After the first three or four evenings he can generally decide whether he likes the work and the instructor well enough to continue, and is then expected to provide his own . Page ,Fifty-three instruments. Often it is found after an evening's trial that an applicant is not capable of doing the type of Work required in drafting. He may,- due to physical or mental defects,-be unable to measure distances with any degree of accuracy, or he may find it impossible to settle down to the steady nerve and eye straining effort so essential to successful draftsman- ship. If such is the case he is promptly advised to drop the subject and try something different. After he has completed six or seven drawings, the student is taught tracing. The Work is planned so as to approximate as nearly as possible, practical drafting room Work. The complete course consists of some 30 plates, each of which must be drawn and traced. The tracing cloth is furnished by the school. If all the Work is satisfactorily done, a certificate is issued to the student. The subject matter of the course embraces the common elements with which the beginner in a drafting room is most apt to come into contact. That those graduating have been able to utilize what they were taught, is amply attested by the fact that positions have been secured by several and that they have had no trouble doing the Work re- quired of them, and, in fact, gaining advancement. It is not claimed that a few months night school Work will fit a man to be a draftsman, but it has been demonstrated that the classroom Work, if faithfully done, will give ' Mechanical Drawing Class Q Page Fifty-four him the equipment which will enable him to gain a foothold in the profess- ion. His stay and further progress therein depends entirely upon his own efforts. A We have received, from several former students, letters of gratitude testifying to good positions secured or advanced Wages received as a result of instruction received here. 1 Electrical Department In our Electrical Department, as in all others, the aim is to stress the more practical and logical treatment of the subject rather than the techni- cal and mathematical methods. 'There seems to have been a generally accepted theory in the past that the whole subject of electricity and electrical research was a deep and mysterious and complicated one and that it could be approached only by highly technical and scientific methods and through complicated mathe- matical calculations. While mathematical methods cannot be dispensed with altogether and there is no attempt to do so, for they are an ,essential part of the subject, We realize that the great majority of the students this school is called upon to serve have been compelled to start to Work early in life and have not had the training of the high school graduate in the advanced fundamentals and our 'aim is to give them practical, everyday engineering and electrical practice through methods easily understood and in plain, everyday lan- guage. v All that is required of the student is a will and determination to learn with the necessary stick-to-it-iveness. r For those Who understand the elementals and have already advanced themselves Well along the Way to the higher technique, there are, of course, more advanced methods in electrical science and research Work but even here the simpler forms of language and the more practical methods are employed. So also With the,National Code, the Fire Underwriters' rules and the local ordinancesg the-aim is to teach such portions of these as apply to a certain subject in conjunction with that subject and in that way fix in the - Page Fifty-five student's mind the reason for the application of the particular rule to the branch of the subject being treated. We have found that this logical treatment of the subject of electricity in preference to the highly technical and mathematical methods, produces better results and more nearly meets the requirements of those enrolling in this school. In future it is the intention to classify the students in the electrical class having one department for those who have already had the advanced fundamentals but who desire more scientific research Work, another for those seeking practical Wiring and engineering Work and a third for the beginners . Class in Electricity QPage Fifty-six Tw There ls A Cultural Side e ALIFORNIA citizens are proud, and justly so, of the position their State holds in the field of education. A survey of the situation shows, California well to the front in all branches and holding a decided lead in many of them. In the matter of adult education splendid progress has been made and the people of California owe much to those who, both in administration cir- cles and in the school rooms, have given so much study and intelligent effort to this phase of the schoolwork. It has not been an easy task, for conditions change rapidly and the system had to be adapted to the changing conditions, and new theories and practices adopted. There were, besides, criticisms and doubts to overcome and prejudices to eliminate. ' However, those charged with the administration of education have long since realized that the educational system of at city means much more than the provision of education for immature people. Democracy demands that educational facilities be provided for all the residents of a community desirous of improving themselves either by acquiring a general education or receivingspecific instruction in a given occupation. No other form of school activity has met this demand more satisfactorily or successfully than the eveninggvocational work. gr Adult education differs from other aspects of education in that it expects from the student a greater sense of responsibility. The motives which lie behind the desire of the adults for education make a peculiar contribution to their studies because those motives are prompted by their daily experiences. The education of the young is controlled by others, in technical edu- cation of the young the choice of subject and method of treatment are de- ' 4 Page Fifty-seven termined by the ends in View but with the adult we have a different set of circumstances. Must Be Democratic Adult education is essentially co-operative in character and must be based upon democratic principles. It should afford opportunity for devel- opment of that power which will enable the students to understand and help in the solution of the common problems of society and better fit them for the responsibilities of membership in political, industrial and social agencies and activities. It should satisfy the desire for fuller personal development and compel recognition of the value of human personality. To be truly democratic adult classes should be as self-governing com- munitiesiwith freedom of teaching and discussion, the responsibility of the students for the conduct and success of the class not smothered by over- regulation. The workers themselves, through whatever organizations they may have, should be 'adequately represented on bodies administering adult education. The problem is not how to get the articulate workers to absorb the cul- ture of a higher social class but how to enable them to evolve a culture of their own. There will be elements common to both. What is needed, however, is that the artisan and worker should enrich the world with a cul- ture woven out of their own deep experiences of life. While it is true that learning has much to bestow upon labor it is equally true that it has much to gain from labor's peculiar knowledge and experience and its interpretations of history and society. It has been ob- jected that vocational training is narrow, common and more or less exigent and provides no beginnings for cultural development. This attitude has retarded progress in vocational effort. It presupposes castes and favorites in society and paints culture as a degree only to be attained by fortunate onespof high birth and financial means that exempts them from the neces- sity to labor and makes it possible for them to gain a higher education. This Earth and Labor Furnishes All V The truth of the matter is that every fundamental, every vehicle and tool and physical aid of art and science and invention is supplied by this old earth and the intelligent application of labor and every inspiration is derivedfronr a contemplation of the earth and planets and the love of ser- vice to mankind. . This being so the proper kind of vocational education must contem- plate cultural development as well as skill and advanced training in the Page Fifty-eight trades and vocations. What higher or more genuine culture can there be than that acquired by a study of the origin and composition of materials and their uses, of the evolution of mechanical processes and methods of con- struction and the invention and manufacture of the tools and instruments used? Going hand in hand with these is the study of mathematics and applied sciences. Indeed, this cultural aspect of vocational education is the one that is most emphacised at the present time. It is the attitude of disdain toward labor and of looking upon the trades as merely a means of earning a liveli- hood and forgetting the great quality of service rendered, that has produc- ed that hopeless spirit, that lack of pride in their respective trades on the part of so many artisans, that demoralization of industry, which has caused employers all over this country to turn to the public institutions of educa- tion and plead for a comprehensive system of vocational education and trade extension training that will combine skill and culture by showing that any knowledge worth while is knowledge of the things that give and have given the maximum of service to mankindg that will engender a pride in his chosen trade on the part of the artisan so that he will strive to excel and, taking pride and pleasure in his work, prosecute it with skill and vigor to the greater glory of God and service of mankind. Yes, there certainly is a cultural side to vocational education. 1 I Orchestra Class Page Fifty-nine Training for Service By C. J. McCORMICK Former member of School Board HE right to receive an education is guaranteed to every child in the State of California. For the benefit of those adults who did not exercise that right, often thru conditions over which they had no control, and who later realized the need of education, ia new form of in- struction has been provided known as the Evening School which is especial- ly arranged for the benefit and convenience of those engaged during the day at their regular duties and who desire to improve themselves through study of the subjects pertaining to the work in which they are particularly interested. The idea proved a success, but there was still a need for a different form of class workg an extension of the methods of teachingg an addition of subjects - something that would bring to the student a thorough idea of practical service and afford opportunity to work with the hands as well as the head and thus attain a practical and technical knowledge of doing things that would assist him in his life work. Educators were quick to grasp the possibilities of such a system with the result that Vocational Training was added to the curriculum and has been extended until it is now possible for one to receive a course of in- struction in any trade or occupation that one may choose. The leading educators of the country fand the school system of Los Angeles was one of the first to realize the importance of such trainingj are fast coming to the belief of President Eliot of Harvard that all schools should teach pupils how to do things instead of how to talk about them . We have in this day advanced to the place where we look back in amuse- ment at the folks of the olden days who used to cover' their hands as a sign that they did no manual work. The man who does not work to-day - who does not render service to his fellow man - is looked upon as a para- sitei . .Page Sixty A i ' ' The great gospel of service is being preachedg men are fast coming to realize that success is nothing but the attainment of happiness and there can be no truer happiness than that which comes through service to one's fellow man. He who is the most useful servant is the greatest man. A man must be measured, not by his Wealth, his learning or social position, but by the service he renders the World. The man Who is a good worker is invariably a good citizen. Good citizens make for good government. The place to train men and Women to become useful citizens is in the public schools. I believe the vocational system the most helpful and practical form of education because it equips men and Women with ability to create and initiate into every day life that which will benefit the peoples of every community. I can vision just a few years in the near future, When all schools Will send into the xi orld men and women who can do things - who can serve - and I am sure that the Maple Avenue Evening School, through the able guidance of the Principal and her corps of assistants, is contributing its full share to the great Work of providing that form of study which makes for success and happiness. Sheet Metal Pattern Drafting Page Sixty-one here, she was active in civic, club and industrial affairs. One of the things Mrs. Houck most persistently advocated, particularly among the workers in the garment industry with whom she was directly connected in an official manner, was a system of training 'and better education both in trade operations and in the understanding of and loyalty to American institutions and the American flag and also a universal knowledge of the English language. 1 i 4 A F It was Mrs. Houck who made arrangements and secured class rooms and equipment for the first school classes held in the Labor Temple build- ing. From these classes sprung what later developed, through the recog- nition and favorable attitude of the school authorities into the present Maple Avenue High School. Early in the history of this school two classes in power machine oper- ation were inaugurated and they were carried on in two of the large local factories during the day. In this department Mrs. Houck's expert knowledge of power machine operation coupled with a wide and friendly acquaintanceship with the manufacturers, proved of value. She became certificated as a teacher and had charge of one of the classes during all the time they were under jurisdiction of this school. Miss Adele Sterling, also an expert power machine operator, taught the other class. The factory owners generously donated the use of machines for the classes and the space in which to house them. More than that-they donated material which was made by the classes into clothes for inmates of the County Hospital and Charities Department of the County, Mrs. Houck having held a conference with the head of those departments and made negotiations for doing this. e Naturally this service was highly appreciated by the heads of the County institutions as well as by those who got the new uniforms to wear, This practice is, we believe, still followed by the power machine depart- ments of the schools. Page Sixty-four ARTHUR GOULD Assistant Sup't. of Schools This school, being an Evening High School, has been under the super- vision of Mr. Arthur Gould, who is supervisor of all High Schools in the Los Angeles district. ' Mr. Gould's sympathetic understanding and cooperation has been Very helpful. He has always kept in close touch with the Work of this school and never failed to do everything possible to procure for us the things we needed from time to timeg His guidance and advice, many times sought and always freely given, has been both valuable and encouraging. A We feel truly grateful for this and take this opportunity to express our appreciation of Mr. Gould's 'attitude and efforts. Page Sixty-five 1 Respect the Flag When you see the Stars and Stripes displayed, son, stand up and take off your hat. Somebodymay titter. It is in the blood of some to deride all expression of noble sentiment. You may blaspheme in the street and stagger drunken in public places, and the bystanders will not pay much attention to you, but if you should get down on your knees and pray to Almighty God, or if you should stand bareheaded while a company of old soldiers marches by withflags to the breeze, most people will think you are showing off. But don't you mind! When Old Glory comes along, salute, and let them think what they please! When the band plays The Star Spangled Banner in a restaurant or hotel dining room, get up, even if you rise alone, stand there, and don't be ashamed of it, either. Don't be ashamed when your throat chokes and the tears come when you see the flag flying from the masts of our ships on the great seas or floating from every flagstaff of the Republic. You will never have a worthier emotion. For of all the signs and symbols since the world- began there-is none so full of meaning as the flag of this country. Other flags mean a glorious past, this flag means a glorious future. It is not so much the flag of our fathers as it is the flag of our children, and of countless children yet unborn. It is the flag of tomorrow, the signal of the good time coming. It is not the flag of your king, it is the flag of yourself and your neighbors. Your flag stands for humanity, for an equal opportunity to all the sons of men. Of course, we have not yet arrived at that goal, injustice still dwells among usg senseless and cruel customs of the past still cling to us, but the flag leads the way to righting the wrongs of men. Our flag is the world's symbol of liberty. That piece of red, white, and blue bunting means five thousand years of struggle upwards. It is the full-grown flower of generations fighting for liberty. It is the century plant of human hope in bloom.-Alvin M. Owsley, of Texas, National Di- rector, Americanism Commission, American Legion, Indianapolis, Indiana. Page Sixty-six A Qur Common Language X By MISS 'RUBY BAUGHMAN Editor's Noteg' Miss Baughman was formerly Supervisor of Immigrant Education and Elementary Evening Schools in this city. When this school was first organized it came under the head of Elementary Even- ing Schools and as such of course, came under the notice and jurisdiction of Miss Baughman who showed a very helpful interest and was untiring in her efforts to help get the school going successfuly. ' Miss Baughman is now Supervisor of a similar department in the Uni- versity of Minnesota. The following article was written by Miss Baughman some cons1derable,t1me ago but it is so good and so pertinent that we decided to reproduce it here. One country, one language, one flag -these three, andthe chiefest of theseris a common language because upon' it depends the perpetuation of a government in common with a single banner. Upon a unified medium of expression depends the national' consultation upon thingsof vital and immediate importance to us all. W ' . i . ' i ' The Civil War is often spoken of as the one great attack on the unity of our nation. o Yet the federal government has been in fargreater peril at other periods of its existence. When the early migrations of settlers moved so far into the Western Wilds that they found themselves out of communication with the national centers of trade on the Atlantic seabord they became, by token of their isolation, numerous potential independent governments and only one thing prevented their development into such nations, namely, the mechanical perfection of transportation. The rail- road, the telegraph and the telephone actually eliminated the distance by making men able to talk things over at long range. This process of talk- ing things overeis the essence of democratic procedure. T But these 'intercommunicating networks of steel rails and copper wire brought about a social isolation that works as surely as geographical distance. The population of the nation has huddled into great cities. Here people live in a physical proximity far too closeg yet they are Widely separated in social relations. Violent group antagonisms result. Pro- ducer struggles with consumerg labor fights with employer, distribution Page - Sixty-seven struggles with productiong organization nullifies initiativeg racial group contends with adjacent racial jealousiesg everybody is fighting somebody about something. And the only peaceable remedy Call the professional re- formers to the contrary notwithstandingj is conference. There has been no Way devised on earth among men whereby struggling humanity may settle its differences, save only two-exhaustion by war and adjustment by conference. Of war we certainly have had enoughg it remains for us to devise practical ways of talking things over. Nationally speaking this can not be done so long as the attempts to reconcile the diversified groups are based on mutual scorn and contemptg reconciliation must be derived rather from an intelligent comprehension. This need not attain to the strength of friendly understandingg a mere intellectual compilation of the issues at stake and the opposing points of view will suffice as an initial step. A problem clearly stated is half solved. No adequate degree of such neighborly comprehension, however, can exist between American groups and immigrants in periods of storm and stress like the present for reasons easily apparent. Compelled by cir- cumstances over which they have no control, the newly-arrived strangers tend to agglomerate into colonies. Alien groups are necessarily adjacent to American institutions but not of them. For a very fundamental reason this occurs. Any human creature appears to disadvantage in an unfamiliar environment. The cow-boy sel- dom functions Cexcept in the motion picturesb as a model of correct and conventional procedure in the drawing roomg the genius of finance is a shining bit of human ineptitude when removed from his desk and placed on the back of a bucking broncho. The immigrant, by the same token, often appears dumb or stupid in the face of unaccustomed surroundings. As a matter of fact he is something infinitely more pathetic and serious -an intelligent human creature caught in the net of alien experiences which he does not comprehend and about which he may not ask and concerning which his neighbors are prevented by one great obstacle from offering any explanationg and that obstacle is the one thing that must be cleared away no matter what else may or may not be contributed to the general task of democratization. Indeed it is the factor that deter- mines most largely the thoroughness of democratization. There is small hope of sufficient social interpretation between groups until those groups possess a common medium of expression. , . .To furnish this one first .thing the nation has made no unified, comprehensive attempt. Indeed, we have been so remiss that we have Page Sixty-eight 7 not only neglected the education in a common language so essential in a democracy, but we have also permitted the immigrant to form his ideas of our national life by contact with its worst phases. Trickery, chicanery, poverty, dirt, vice, governmental inadequacy, industrial instability, treachery to our government--all these he finds expressed only too Well. So seldom does he meet the organized forces in society that are struggling to right these conditions that he often arrives at the conclusion that those activities do not exist. The only avenue by which they may travel to him and through which he may arrive at them is the language of the country. That he must learn. ' ' , This process by which adults acquire a second language is educa- tional. The nature ,of the process thus determines the social agency that must undertake the task. There is only one such agency in a democracy- the .public school. If it is now inadequate to the task, then it must be rendered adequate. ' And even the most casual observer of the signs of the times can perceive that the public school must be about that business quickly. ' f Sewing Class ' 4 Y ' Page Sixty-nine ,.1h.z:.r' ' What ls Progress? Taken from an article in the Thirty-third Year Book of the Inter- national Printing Pressmen, written by former President Woodrow Wilson. I am forced to be -a progressive, if for no other reason, because we have not kept up with our changes of conditions, either in the economic field or in the political field. We have not kept up as well as other na- tions have . All progress depends on how fast you are going and where you are going, and I fear there has been too much of this thing of knowing neither how fast we were going nor where we Were going. I have my private belief that we have been doing most of our progressiveness after the fashion of those things that in my boyhood days we called tread- mills ,-a treadmill being a moving platform with cleats on it, on which some poor devil of a mule was forced to walk forever without getting anywhere. Elephants and even other animals have been known to turn treadmills, making a good deal of noise and causing certain wheels to go round, and I dare say grinding out some sort of product for somebody, but without achieving much progress. Progress!. Did you ever reflect that that word is almost a new one? No word comes more often or more naturally to the lips of modern man, as if the thing it stands for were almost synonomous with life itself, and yet men through many thousand years never talked or thought of progress. They thought in the other direction. Their stories of heroisms and glory were tales of the past. The ancestors wore the heavier armor and carried the larger spear. There were giants in those days. Now all that has altered. We think of the future, not of the past, as the more glorious time in comparison with which the present is nothing. Progress, development-those are modern words. The modern idea is to leavethe past and press on to something new. Page Seventy -1 The Dramatic Department High Spots of the Past Year By THE CLASS CRITIC HE Dramatic Class in the Maple Avenue Evening, High School has come to be known far and wide as the Cellar Players . Oh! yes, gentle reader, there is a dramatic department in this school and it fits into the scheme of things most admirably for, besides furnishing an opportunity for the histrionically inclined to acquire train- ing in that subject, it provides an opportunity for valuable, first-hand practice for several of the other classes, such 'as the sheet metal, electrical, art and orchestra departments, in stage building, lighting, decorating and music. To this dramatic class young men and women come from various trades, callings and professions to receive training in correct pronunciation, enunciation, diction, voice and poise, to cultivate their memories and, per- haps most important of all, to acquire the art of correct public speaking - the art which, above all others, helps people to make a success in the world in both business and social activities. Here also they get a knowledge of stage effect, the art of make-up and of the staging and direction of plays and pantomimes which fits them to take part in entertainments and theatricals without embarassment. Working in conjunction with the sheet metal, electrical and art classes, a stage set is erected and fittingly decorated and the necessary footlights, telephones and other contrivances installed and occasionally a Cellar Players' night is announced, when, assisted by the orchestra class, a short entertainment is given to which the students of all the other departments are summoned. Always, following one of those Cellar Players' nights a most happy, satisfied throng may be seen wending its way up from the school quarters. L Page Seventy-one How Class Was Named But how cum this name Cellar Players' you would probably like to ask. Well now, if you will just sail on, like Columbus of old, you will learn. Some three years ago a few ambitious young people came to thefrooms of the Maple Avenue School in the basement of the great building at 540 Maple Avenue Where vocational and trade extension Work was being taught, and applied for a classiin dramatics and oral expressionf The request Was favorably received by the principal of the school, Mrs. Sadie C. Atherton, Whose constant enthusiasm and encouragement has been a great help and inspiration to this department ever since. V A meeting was held in the basement or cellar and a dramatic class formed under the direction of Miss Araxie Jamgochain. Later as this class progressed and commenced to give amateur entertainments some one named it the Cellar Players' and by that name it has come to be gener- ally known. i This class met three times a Week in the largest room in the down- stairs quarters - their studio. Studio is quite the appropriate name for Members of Dramatic Class l In Scene in The Pot Boilers be Page Seventy-two it is the room used by the Art class on other evenings and scattered throughout are fine old jugs, vases, plaster casts, murals, charcoal draw- ings and easels. There are two large pillars or supporting columns near the center of the west side of this room and between these colums the stage is set and the rehearsals and plays are held. Two years ago Miss J amgochain resigned to take up dramatic work in another field and Miss Lucy Hummel, noted local instructor in drama and voice, became director of the Cellar Players. No doubt, reader, you question the possibility of producing noticeable results with but a few hours training three nights per week and often, too, with students weary from their day's work in shops, offices, banks, motion picture studios, magazine staffs etc. Nevertheless, results have been and are being obtained. Plays Make Hit Just to prove that I am not giving you mere words let me give you a brief outline of the activities of the Cellar Players during the past year. You will be surprised. Four successful performances were given in the school studio. Each performance ran two nights. The first night is al- ways for the student body and the second night is for the friends of the players. By the way, instead of using programs for these performances a large easel is placed at one side of the stage and on it is placed placards bearing names of the plays and cast of characters. Two girls in artist's smock, and tam, act as ushers. Then there is the prologue girl, also in smock and tam, who, before each play begins, steps out in front and gives the audience a bit of the atmosphere of that play. More about this talent- ed prologue girl and her clever creations will appear in another column. Often, after these performances, the guests are invited to remain and enjoy a cup of tea and often a dance or two. Twelve other performances were given throughout the district on in- vitation of various organizations and lodges such as the Modern Woodmen of America, Y. M. C. A. of San Pedro, Lincoln Heights Library, Fraternal Brotherhood, Los Angeles Eastern Star Chapter, Indiana State Association, Soldiers' Home at Sawtelle and for the invalid marines on the Navy Hos- pital Boat, Mercy, in San Pedro Harbor. Of all theseiprograms the one given aboard the Hospital Boat Mercy, was perhaps the most thrilling. Automobiles conveyed the Players to San Pedro where a tinylchug boat was waiting to take them out to the Mercy. Page Seventy-three Upon arrival aboard the Mercy the players were greeted by the Marine Band. The rooms of the chaplain and one of the officers became for the evening theatrical dressing rooms . The sailors, all who were well enough. gathered on one end of the ship and here, without the aid of stage or scenery, the players entertained them. The players and their plays were enthusiastically received and applauded, it was, indeed, with a bit of regret that the players bid their adois and stepped once more into the ever-ready little chug boat for the return trip. ' Entertain Masons Quite in contrast from this program was the one given for the Los An- geles Eastern Star Chapter in the Masonic Temple. This was given at the request of Mr. Schroeder, manager of the Morosco theater and patron of the above named Chapter, who had heard of the Cellar Players thru a per- formance previously given at the Henry S. Orme Lodge. Once again the players performed without the aid of a proper stage, scenery, lights and etc. The spacious Chapter room was crowded with handsomely gowned women and prominent men from the extreme rear of the room to within a few feet of where the play was staged. This fact, however, did not seem to effect the players in the least, even the fact that Mr. Schroeder, him- self a theatrical expert of note, stood close by throughout the performance, did not seem to disconcert them. On the contrary, these things rather seemed to act as a stimulus and, did the players react? well, judge for your- selves after I tell you that Mr. Schroeder later proclaimed that two of the playlets given were worthy of Orpheum time. 1 Scene in The Vampire and the Camel Page Seventy-four All other entertainments given throughout the year were received with equal enthusiasm and approval. 9 4 Below is reproduced comments printed in various publications on en- tertainments given by the Cellar Players of the Maple Avenue Evening School for entertainment of various lodges and associations: In the Cellar, night by night We Players play with all our might, And day by day, in every way, We're getting famous - people say . From San Pedro Daily Pilot Jan. 30, 1922 CELLAR PLAYERS PLEASE BIG CROWD AT Y. M. C. A. Before a crowd which filled the Y. M. C. A. building on Harbor boulevard to capacity, the Cellar Players of Los An- geles appeared Saturday night in three excellently given one-act plays. The entertainers so pleased the crowd with their clever work in presenting the playlets, that Sec. Lorimore, has booked them for a return engagement here in March. The first playlet was The Pot Boilers , the second, The Person In the Chair , and the last, In 1 9 9 9 , which was especially entertain- ing and kept the audience in continual laughter. Hollywood Daily Citizen, Feb. 16, 1922 Several schools became interested in the patients in the tuberculos annex at the hospital at Sawtelle, through Miss Annabel Thornton. Two plays were presented, under the direction of Miss Lucy Hummel. They were The Pot Boiler , by Alice Gurtzenberg and a skit by William DeMille. From HTRESTLE BOARD Henry'S. Orme Lodge No. 458. March, 1922. ANOTHER BIG NIGHT COMING April the 26th has been set aside' by our Worshipful Master for an evening of entertainment for the members of the Lodge, their friends, and families, The famous Cellar Players will give three one-act plays in the Commandery room. These players have become very popular under Miss Hummel's direction the past two years, and the evening promises to be one of a very pleasant nature. The evening will be one of special interest, due to the 'fact that one of the plays to be presented was written by a member of Henry S. Orme Lodge, Wm. C. De Mille. Jot -the date down now, and you won't be sorry you did not hear about it in time. Copy of letter received from the secre- tary of Henry S. Orme Lodge 458, F. 8: A. M. C. J. Cresmer, C. Vernon Lewis, Worshipful Master , Secretary HENRY S. ORME LODGE NO. 458, F. 8: A. M. May 4, 1922. Dear Miss Hummel: This is to convey to you the sincere appreciation of the members of Henry S. Orme Lodge for the delightful program so kindly arranged by yourself for the pleasure of the members and their friends on the evening of April 29. We will also appreciate if you will express to the members of your company our hearty thanks for the pleasant and profitable evening and one that we will all remember as a very happy one. Cordially yours, C. Vernon Lewis, Secretary. Page Seventy-five From- 'fTrestle Board?', May, 1922. Were you present at the Henry S. Or- me entertainment April 29th? Almost every one that ever 'heard of Henry S. Orme Lodge was there, but for the be- nefit of a few who were unable to be present we will say that you missed some wonderful entertainment. V A The Worshipful Master and Brethren are deeply indebted 'to' Miss Hummel, director of the Cellar Players, and great- lv appreciate her efforts in putting on the playlets by her troupe, which helped to make Henry S. Orme's First Annual Theatrical Night such a wonderful suc- cess. Extract from The Camp Fire , Golden State Camp No. 7110, Modern Woodmen of America. June, 1922. That entertainment given at our hall on 3rd of May by the Cellar Players was a dandy, wasn't it? Watch out for the next one. - Miss Lucy Hummel is a hummer , isn't she, when it comes to directing a play? And her students do credit to her a so. The prologues, prepared and delivered by Miss Doris Mortlock, were catchy and fitting and they proved talent of an ex- ceptional order on the part of their author. Jess Crandell, as Poor Old Jim , in so many ludicrous situations on account of the habit of drink, which he was try- ing hard to master, had the house roar- ing with laughter from start to finish, while Earl McConnell, in his part as Cole, in the Brink of Silence , won the hearts of the audience as they fancied him sac- rificing his life upon the altar of love for those whose happiness he valued more than all else. Dick Todd, Arthur Olson, Jean Waver- ly, Marguerite Hummel, Peggy Taylor, John Mortlock, Consuelo Crafts, Bertha Klosen, Doris Mortlock, Nell Van de Viere, Edward Nugent, Araxie Jamgo- chain, Helen Moore, and Catherine Vidor played splendid parts, to name one is to name them all. Miss Hummel deserves praise for the work she is doing in the City Schools. .Page Seventy-six' Copy of letter: . A . ' OLIVER MOROSCO Chas. C. Chapman Bldg. 8th 8: Broadway Henry A. F. Schroeder, 4 Western Manager Los Angeles, Cal., June 13, 1922. Miss Lucy Hummel, 823 E. Adams, City. Dear Miss Hummel: A Herewith wish to sincerely thank you for the playlets put on by you at the Los Angeles Eastern Star Chapter No. 168, on the evening of June 5, 1922. Wish to say that your sketch Poor Old Jim , and In 1999 , are worthy of Orpheum time, as to subject, your direc- tion, and pupils' adaptability, and would suggest your trying to get bookings for them, and reap the reward which your merit so richly deserves. With sincere good wishes, I remain, Yours very truly, Henry A. F. Schroeder. From The Camp Fire , Nov, 1922. Did you attend the entertainment on October 11, provided by our Entertain- ment Committee? If you did, you will agree with me that it was good. It was furnished by the Cellar Players, a dra- matic club of the Night School, Maple Avenue. All the players did credit to themselves and their Director, and the City Night School of Los Angeles should claim the hearty support of its citizens when it can develop such talent asvthis club exhibits. ' The work in all the plays was all so well done that it is difficult to pick out the outstanding lights in the casts, but perhaps it would be fair to say that Ar- thur Olson in The Pot Boilers , and in In 1999 , deserves special mention. Others deserve mention also but to men- tion one would mean all should be named. It is an exceedingly well-balanced cast of players. From San Pedro Daily Pilot Jan 16, 1923 LARGE CROWD AT PROGRAM SATURDAY An exceptionally fine program was given at the Army and Navy Y. M. C. A. last Saturday evening to a very apprecia- tive audience of service men who filled the Auditorium. The program was given by the Cellar Players a group of twen- ty people from the dramatic class of the Maple Avenue Evening High School of L. A. of which Mrs. S. C. Atherton is principal. Two of the players were tak- ing part for the evening in two of the theatres in Los ,Angeles and their parts were taken by other members of the class. The entertainment was a great success and credit is due Miss Hummel, instruc- tor, for her careful and inspiring work. The program consisted of three one-act comedies, Poor Old Jim , Playgoers , and The Camel and the Vampire . Talent Recognized Recognizing the talent developed some of the playhouses have engaged members of the dramatic class for parts in public entertainments. The names of the students and some of the theaters in which the.y have played are given below: Literary Theater: Jesse Crandall, Arthur Olson and Edward Nugent. Repretory Theater: Doris Mortlock, John Mortlock and Jesse Cran- dall. Playcrafters: Consuelo Crafts and Jesse Crandall. l' A ll .Wil ?2?f'Qi j?Q' , if it f Elf -f.guf..as- .ar 1 fs i 54 it 1 Page Seventy-seven , The uprologue Girlv W me i p In the preceding article by the Class Critic reference is made to the prologue girl, Miss Doris Mortlock. Always on Cellar Players' Night , preceding the raising of the cur- tain, Miss Mortlock, in chic smock and tam, steps out in front and, in her own inimitable style, introduces the theme of the play about to be given with a catchy prologue composed by herself. Herewith is produced the prologue to Neighbors , one of the most appealing and amusing of the plays given: We have uprooteda country village And brought it here to you, To show that a humble existence May be, after all, the most true. Do you know what it is to have neighbors, Coming to borry your latest recipe An' talk about the church bazaar An' the sunday school's summer treat An' the huskin' bee that's a' comin' Three months and four weeks from to-day, When daughter's gonna' wear gran'ma's wedding dress That's in the attic, all packed away. Oh! you don't know what it is to have neighbors? Well, we've brought them here to you And before this play is over, You'll know them and like them too. rage Seventy-eight Educational Facts and Figures Los Angeles City Schools From report issued from the office of Superintendent of Schools: 6 The total Los Angeles school enrollment for 1923 at the present time is 154,164. The average increase for the last 4 years has been 20,000 per year. For the last four years, Los Angeles has shown an increase in school enrollment just double that of Detroit, a city with a population of approximately a million, as the schools of Detroit show an annual increase for the last four years of slightly more than 10,000 per year. The area of the Los Angeles City School district is somewhat more than 900 square miles, as compared with that of New York City school district, which is approximately 315 square miles. J ' There are 16,668 students enrolled in evening schools at the present time, This shows an increase of slightly over 1,500 over the preceding year. The subjects studied range from vulcanizing to economics, and the ages range from 15 to 65. There are also day classes for immigrant women in which approximately 3,000 are enrolled. During 1920 there was about 357,900,000 spent for schools in Los An- geles. During the same year, the Los Angeles' amusement bills totaled S,S40,000,000., according to Scott Carter, Chief of Income Tax Division of Local Internal Revenue Office. This included admission to amusements, and such luxuries as chewing gum, candy, cigars, cosmetics, etc. N The schools' share in the nation's wealth as shown in Survey, July 16, 1921, was revealed by the following interesting facts: For joy rides and pleasure resorts was spent ...................... 33,000,000,000 For all departments of education in the entire nation ......,. -.1,000,000,000 For sundaes, sodas and drinking fountain delights ....... V- .- 0 350,000,000 For higher education in the entire nation---.. ,.......,.., 137,055,415 For chewing gum in one year ................................... 50,000,000 For Normal School Training Teachers ...... ........ 2 0,414,689 ' ' Page Seventyenine For face lotions and cosmentics ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,--,,,,,,,,, 750,000,000 F 01' public elementary schools .... ...............,.....................,.....,.. 7 62,259,154 There are in operation at the present time in Los Angeles 181 regular elementary schools, 14 parental schools, and 27 junior and senior high schools, including the Part-Time High School. There are many more in process of construction. Interesting facts indicating the size of the Los Angeles City Schools as a business institution show that: It takes thirty clerks and stock men to handle school supplies, hard- ware and electrical repair material. Fifty men are kept busy refinishing desks, building supply cabinets and tables, kindergarten tables, playground apparatus, basketball courts, painting and finishing. There is a clock man to take care of school clocks, a head key man and two assistants to take care of locks. The warehouse and business department covers 41,000 square feet, in a five floor and basement building. The shop department employs one head and four foremen, with three hundred men of different trades in general work, repairs and improvements. All education is coordination and correlation of related qualities. Training and Life are equivalent terms. When both producers and consumers can join in insisting that the problem of life training is neither a question of how to produce the great- est number of an article at a minimum cost or of how to obtain it at the lowest price, but rather of how to so base our production upon brains, that quality shall count for more than cost or quantity, then we shall have made a beginning.-The College President. A man educated in the modern sense will forego the somewhat doubt- ful mental discipline received from formal studiesg he will be contentedly ignorant of things for learning which no better reason than tradition can be assigned. Instead his education will be obtained from studies that serve real purposes. Its content, spirit and aim will be realistic and ge- nuine, not formal or traditional . Abraham Flexner. Page Eighty , Adult Schools Responsive To the Needs of the People From report of the California Commissioner of Industrial and Vocational Education for the biennial period ending June 30, 1922: In general, the school authorities do not attempt to decide beforehand, and finally, just what subjects will be offered, and just what the exact content of these subjects will be. In this type of school and class, such matters are usually decided by the students themselves after advising with school authorities. If they were otherwise decided, no one would attend the classes. After a school has once established one or more adult classes it usually adopts the policy of providing instruction in any subject, if a certain number of persons desire the same. The local school district must bear the entire expense of maintaining such instruction during the current school year. However, during the fol- lowing year it is partly or fully reimbursed by state or county for the cost of such instruction. Thus, any expansion of the program for adult education must depend upon the balance of local funds that may be legiti- mately applied to the work. As a matter of fact, few, if any, high school districts of the state have been able to meet all of the legitimate demands made for adult classes. Subject to financial limitations, some of the high schools have adopted the policy of setting up, at any time and for any period, instruction in any subject desired by at least fifteen residents of the district qualified for the work. These schools also follow the policy of discontinuing any class maintained, if the number of persons belonging to it falls below the num- ber mentioned above. s Without doubt, one of the greatest factors leading to the rapid devel- opment of adult education has been the policy of consulting the wishes of the prospective students as to the type of work to be maintained. Yield- Page Eighty-one ing to the demand of the students has, in vocational lines, been equivalent to yielding to the educational demands of the craft. This, and the modi- fication of the methods of instruction in language, for adult immigrants, has established a confidence on the part of the public that the schools can, and actually will, provide instruction that can be fully applied to a solution of every day problems. Adult Education meets the Demands of Life Less than a generation ago the school and education were looked upon as something apart from the common affairs of life. At that time the adult would not have thought of turning to his local public school for help in securing instruction relative to his occupation. Today he turns to it with full confidence that he can secure the help needed in better qualify- ing himself as a citizen worker. Relative Values of Subjects of Instruction in Adult Schools Part ll of Statistical Table XXVII shows that an average of 20 per cent of the persons attending the adult classes and schools had no special aim in mind other than a desire to satisfy the inner urge for more school- ing. If funds are available for the purpose, the local school is justified in maintainning instruction for such persons. If, on the other hand, the funds of the district are limited to the extent that the opporunities for adults to secure further education must be curtailed, then this group of persons should be the first to be refused service . The subjects of instruction that may be maintained by adult schools and classes are not of equal importance. All will agree that illiteracy is intolerable on the part of either an American or a foreign born person. Therefore, Whether or not opportunity is offered to adults to secure instruc- tion in other subjects, every high school district in the state ought to pro- vide the instruction necessary to completely eliminate, within its confines, illiteracy. Most persons will also agree that the employed adult who finds himself handicapped because of a lack of knowledge of the English, mathematics, science, and drawing necessary to enable him to advance in his chosen occupation, should be given an opportunity to remove these deficiencies. Likewise, any resident of the community who feels that further schooling would better qualify him as a homemaker and citizen of the community, the state, and the nation, should be given an opportunity for further study. Page Eighty-two It appears that the order of importance of the fields of instruction for adult schools and classes is as follows: First, the removal of illiteracy. Second, vocational extension. Third, naturalization and civic instruction. Fourth, and least important, education for leisure. In our opinion there is no place whatever in evening schools for per- sons who desire merely to be entertained at public expense. A Friend What is a friend? I will tell you: A person with whom you dare to be yourself. Your soul can go naked with him. He seems to ask of you to put on nothing-only to be what you are. He does not want you to be better or worse. When you are with him you feel as a prisoner feels who has been declared inocent. You do not have to be on your guard. You can say what you think so long as it is genuinely you. He understands those contradictions in your nature that lead others to misjudge you. With him you can breathe free, you can take off your coat and loosen your collar. You can show your little Vanities and envies, your hates and vicious sparks, your meannesses and absurdities and in opening them up to him they are lost-dissolved on the white ocean of his loyalty. He understands. You do not have to be careful. You can abuse him, neglect him, to- lerate him. Best of all you can keep still with him. It makes no matter, he likes you. He is like fire that-purifies all you do. He is like water that cleanses all you say. He is like wine that warms you to the bone. He understands. He understands. You can weep with him, laugh with him, pray with him. Through and underneath it all he sees, knows and loves you. A Friend, I repeat, is one with whom you dare to be yourself. Page Eighty-three V, - . l Page Eighty-four Entrance to Girls Collegiate School i ln Lighter Vein Caught the Spirit of the Thing . The bucolic one had been asked his opinion of scarecrows. No good at all, he grunted, Hleastwise against the crows in this dis- trict! Only last year we put up what we thought was a fine Scarecrow- a man pointing a gun . Well, what happened ? Why all the crows in the world seemed to be feeding in the field, and while one crow' perched on the gun and worked the trigger, another was falling down, pretending to be shotf' A Q ...-i.-,T As Others See Us In the old prize-fighting days one of the best-known men of the fancy in South London was a stutterer. Having beaten most of his local contem- poraries he sighed, a fistic Alexander, for more worlds to conquer. Even- tually an opponent was brought for him from the Midlands. He proved to be a miner, who also suffered from a vocal impediment. There were long-drawn-out pourparlers for the match, but when everything was finally arranged the South Londoner shook hands and remarked to his opponent: And if y-y-you c-c-can not f-f-fight b-b-better than you c-c-can t-t-talk it's a W-w-w-walk-over for me. -London Daily News. i In the Nick of Time Two gentlemen riding on a train were both very much intoxicated. First Gent-What time is it? Second Gent fafter extracting a matchbox from his pocket with much exertion and gazing at it intentlyb-Thursday. First Gent-My God! I've got to get off here.f-Everybody's. ' , Page Eighty-five f Wafted from the Dramatic Class Room The Vamp :-That was a smart one Freddie De Bolt pulled on his doctor. The Sheik :-We're all in the dark, tell us about it. The Vamp :-Well, it was like this 3 you know Freddie has passed his thirtieth birthday and he was all run down and debilitated. He consulted this doctor who guaranteed to make him a boy of 18 again for the sum of 55000. V r The Sheik :-Glands I supposeg did he succeed? The Vamp:-Yes, but Freddie refused to pay the bill and the doctor threatened to sue him. 0 The Sheik :-And what did Freddie do then? The Vamp :-Laughed in his face, told him he couldn't get judgement against a minor. Perfect-Plus This happened at a conference of negro preachers. A visiting bishop was looking at the various ,examination papers, and came upon one marked 101 per cent. .- See here, Brother J ones, he asked of the worthy who was conducting the test, what does yo' base yo' answers on ? ' One hundred per cent, advised the minister. But how does this man come to be marked 101 per cent? Oh, yo' see, suh, answered the darky, he answered one question we didn't ask him. F Will-They say that many important discoveries were the result of accident. Bill-You're right! If I'd never eaten an apple in the dark I'd never have known how delightful a worm tasted I-Judge. Is it true that you and your wife had some trouble yesterday, Sam ? asked his employer. Wall, wasn't no trouble to mah wife 'tall, mostly jest fer me, replied Sam sadly.-Judge. Page Eighty-six Jos. W. Fordney, Michigan Congressman, tells this one: It was a summer Sunday evening and the man and his wife were at- tending church. Outside the church window, the crickets were making considerable racket. Inside, the choir-a very fine one-was finishing an anthem. As the beautiful final notes of the music died away the wife turned to her husband and whispered: p g Oh, John, wasn't it wonderfull Wasn't it marvelous! Yes , said John, and the most wonderful part is that they do it all with their hind legs. Fifty-Fifty She- Dearest, now that we are married, I-I have a confession to make to you . He- What can it be, sweetheart? ' She- Can you forgive me for deceiving you? My right eye is made of glass . ' g He- Never mind, love bird, so are the diamonds in your engagement ring .-Nebraska Awgwan. ,Overheard at the Soda Fountain C h o 1 l y :-Christmas will soon be here, I don't know what to get for Mabel. Guess I'll get her a book. P ea rl: - For the luvva Pete, don't get Mabel a book, Mabel has g o t a book. One of our home town merchants wrote to a delinquent who had mov- ed away, regarding a long overdue account, and received this reply: Dere Sir-I got your letter about what I owe yoh. Now be pachunt. I ain't forgot you. If this wus judgment day and you wus no more prepared to meet your maker than I am to meet your account you sure would have to go to hel. Trusting you will do this I am- Canadian QTeX.J Record. , Page Eighty-seven J Scientist Discovers Everlasting Material l I Dr. Alexander Scott of London, England, claims to have isolated haf- nium, a practically indestructible material with a meltingfpoint over 3657 degrees Fahrenheit. By mixing it with paint or concrete, they may be made everlasting, or at least impervious to the heaviest traffic. It also will produce everlast- ing paint, it is claimed. i Practical Training Needed There is a rapidly growing feeling among industrial men that merely theoretical advisers to a board engaged in industrial projects are not need- ed by administrators as badly as men with business sense and practical engineering training who can assist boards and directorates whenever and Wherever engineering problems arise. Small Son--I say, Daddy, when people go to heaven do they become angels right away, or have they to pass a lot of stupid examinations first? -The Passing Show fLondonJ. Magistrate- Are you married ? Prisoner- No, I got this black eye from a friend .-Simplicissimus fMunichD. il.l...l-1 The Comeback One of them city fellers tried to sell me the Woolworth building . What did you say ? I sez, 'All right, young feller, Wrap it up .-Judge. ill..-if That's a nice dog you've got there, boy Yes, sir. He's bit over 40 people .-Judge. i V' Page Eighty-eight Free Speech is Sacred Without free speech no search for truth is possibleg without free speech no discovery of truth is usefulg Without free speech progress is checked and the nations no longer march forward toward the nobler life which the future holds for men. Better a thousandfold abuse of free speech than denial of free speech. The abuse dies in a day, but the denial slays the life of a people and entombs the hope of the race.-Brandlaugh. 1 ' True Politeness The spirit of politeness is a certain attention to contrive that by our Words and manners, others may be pleased with us and with themselves. ,li It has been said that there are two kinds of men: Those Whom you can trust and those who agree with everything you say. ll- He has Won success who can do his work Without supervision. Books are the treasured wealth of the World.-David Thoreau. To do all the good one can, To love liberty above everything And even if it be for a kingdom, Never to betray truth. -Beethoven. Page Eighty-nine N Museum of History, Science and Art-Exposition Park Los Angeles Los Angeles Fruit Packing Plant Page Ninety rienos an ell-'dlllisbcrs Following is a statement of endorsment from prominent citizens and officials whose names are printed below and who have assisted us in getting out this Annual: To the Principal and Student Body, . Maple Avenue High School: ' We congratulate you on the good Work being done in the Maple Avenue Evening School. An opportunity such as is presented in that school forthe Worker, during his spare evening hours, to add to his know- ledge and skill, is a golden one and the results are certain to- be of great value both to the worker and the community. The new plan for trade extension with day classes where those learn- ing trades may come for a part time technical education is undoubtedly a splendid one. I May continued success be yours: . FRANK R. WILLIS, Judge of the Superior Court ELLIOT CRAIG, .Judge of the Superior Court JOHN W. SUMMERFIELD, Judge of the Superior Court GEORGE E. CRYER, Mayor of Los Angeles JOHN W. SHENK, Judge of the Superior Court FRANK E. wooDLEY, Supervisor of Los Angeles County L. II. VALENTINE, Judge of the Superior Court EQJ. DELOREY, Commissioner of Public Works JOHN M. YORK, 1 Judge of the Superior Court Jon GRAII., Attorney WM. I. TRAEGER, Sheriff, Los Angeles County WILLIAM C. DORAN, Judge of 'the Superior Court DAVID B. LYONS, Registrar of Voters SIDNEY, N. REEVE, p Judge of the Superior Court LOUIS D. OAKS, Chief of Police LESLIE R. I-IEWITT, Judge of the Superior Court E. F. BOGARDUS, Member Board of Public Utilities Page Ninety-one ririiw w w'w'v'v'Jv'-'JShINfw'w'vAw'w'w'-A-'J'vlrrr?w'?+INlN6ININf-'v'v'w'v'w'JfISINfv'rv'w'w'w'6w'v'v'w'?v'v'4NhlNINhlNfv'v'v'v' Soon To Take Over Entire Business The Adams Sz McKee Hardware Co. is one Los Angeles concern that has the distinction of inaugurating a system of genuine co- operation. This company was founded some 28 years ago by H. B. Adams and S. M. McKee, starting first with a tinsmith shop and store at the present location, 128 So. Main Street. Later a complete stock of hardware was added and the company has grown until now it ranks among the solid and prosperous mercan- tile establishments of the city. Mr. McKee, who is one of the best known hardware men in the county, is still an active partner in the business, while Mr .E. B. Adams, son of the original H. B. Adams, is his partner. ' Over a year ago the members of this firm suggested to the em- ployees the question of co-operation and an association was for- med having for its object the pooling and investing of the sav- ings of the latter in some profitable manner. The scheme became a success. Later the form of organization was changed somewhat to permit of a larger participation in the profits of the store. The association is now known as the Adams Sn McKee Trading Co. and numbers in its membership, besides the employees, many patrons of the store. Stock in the Company may be purchased on the instalment plan. Last year the members drew dividends of ZZMZZ and there are still greater profits for the future the officers assert. Eventually the Trading Company will own and operate the entire business. Mr. E. B. Adams is president of the company and Mr. J. P. Lopez, for four years an employee of the firm, is secretary. An- other long-time employee, Mr. V. P. Wilson, is treasurer. The officers will be pleased to give information regarding operations of the company to anyone calling at the store. ADAMS Sz McKEE TRADING COMPANY 128 So. Main Street Los Angeles, Calif. I Adams. C? ,McKee Company Employees .-e.-.-.-.-e.-fee.A.-.-f.-.-ev-.-+f.l.-.-ee.-. iiii 2!W' Page Ninety-two 'w'w'w'w'v'w w v w v w'w'w'v'bIshfv'w'v'w'v'v'v'fINfw'w'+hhNV?w'w'w'w'w'w'w'v'h Merchant Plumbers, Statement NOTE: The following, from an article by R. E. Maloney of the Apprentice- ship Dept. of the National Trade Extension Bureau, Evansville, Indiana, is reprinted here at the request of the Los Angeles Merchant Plumbers' Asso- ciation as a true expression of the sentiments of that organization on the Apprenticeship question: - Since the first Rameses undertook the building of the Pyramids, skilled workers have handed down their knowledge and experience to each succeeding generation through apprentices. Apprentice- ship is as old as industry itself. During medieval times boys were indentured to master crafts- men for a period of years in order that they might learn a skilled trade. These apprentices served a long time with little or no compensation other than the assurance thatf some day recognition as a master craftsman would be theirs. In recent years there has been a tendency on the part of society to ignore or at least to be uninterested in the overall phases of life. The direct result of this attitude is that fewer boys have entered the skilled trades. At the present writing there is a serious shortage of competent skilled workmen in the building trades. - Society must realize that for any civilization to progress there must be advancement in all essential branches of that civiliza- tion. Construction is an essential branch of civilization, for civil- ization first began when primitive man settled in one place and made himself a permanent shelter. The progress of civilization and the progress of the building industry have come down through the ages hand in hand. Our judgment of the civilization, refinement and culture of each age is based upon the buildings it has left as monuments. As component members of society, each of us owes a duty to future generations that the knowledge and skill handed down to us through the centuries be not lost. Building must go on. There must be skilled craftsmen to carry on this work. Page Ninety-three 'flflflfltw'iiw'w'Jnlslvhhbf?w'v'w'J'IfIflSl'v'w'JNIfININIffw'Jw'v'w'w' Briclclayers State Position Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers International Union No. 2, strictly believing that no material shows to better advantage in the construction of buildings than brick-if the lines are proper- ly designed and all designs neatly executed under the skilled hands of properly trained mechanics-gladly welcomes any effort that promises greater skill and efficiency. The apprentice that can supplement his job experience with training in the school part of the time will surely be better qualified to assist in carrying out the designs and plans of the master mind-the architect. We insist upon the right of men to control their own lives and we believe in a good standard of living but we insist, also, that good and adequate service be rendered for the compensation re- ceived. We are in accord with the work given in the Maple Avenue Evening School and we are elated that day classes are being estab- lished. It is our belief that apprentices-especially the American boys-should be encouraged to learn this art and trade of brick- laying and we are always willing and ready to co-operate with contractors in their efforts to secure apprentices. In this con- nection we want to say that the propaganda, emanating from certain sources, charging the Bricklayers with endeavoring to prevent apprentices from learning the trade, is entirely false. We have now, population considered, more apprentices in Los Angeles than in any of the large Eastern cities such as New York, Chicago, etc. ' We are looking forward with hope and confidence to good results from the systemiof Trade Extension courses as outlined for day and evening work in the Maple Avenue High School. This Organization will give fullest co-operation to the plan. Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers Union No. 2 Los Angeles, California Geo. F. Ryan, Financial Secretary Ahhh! Jfbliblviv'4'l'lVSh??v'-INFiv'v'v'4Nfv'i1PwAw'JVNIflfIflNrv'w'w'w'w'v v'v'w'v'v'v'w'Jvv'v'v'w'v'v'v'v'4V?v'v' Page N inety-four Y---Y--Jslslsfv-r-v-v--:vweislslflvvsrervgg- ggiggitlsl-wev-Jvvsrrev-rw-arev---v-Y--Y---Y--Ar-ev--4 A A A A A A A -vw -Y--v-Jslslvslvvsrv-Jslslvslvsrvvv-v Los Angeles Local No. Z Operative Plasterers and Cement Finishers International Ass'n. of the United States and Canada. Room 201, Labor Temple - Phone 66112, Main 2183. fContributedJ The organized Plasterers of Los Angeles welcome with enthusiasm, the advent of trade extension schools-which is long overdue. The present apprenticeship system in someinstances fails to turn out competent mechanics. Thus when a young man has finished his apprenticeship, he has to do lots of hustling in order to acquire that portion of his craft which he has failed to learn during his apprenticeship. This failure can in no Way be attributed to a lack of interest on the part of the boy. The business of the Contractor with Whom the apprentice has served his time, principally consists of plain plastering. There- fore the young man lacks all 'knowledge of ornamental work. We are looking forward with confidence to the school supplying this long felt want, and feel sure that it will result in providing more proficient plasterers for Los Angeles and vicinity. Plasterers Local No. 2, has at present more apprentices than any other city in the United States-in proportion to their mem- bership, therefore, we shall be glad to take advantage of the app- rentice school for our boys. . WALTER A. REDMOND, Business Representative. vv+hhN+fwwwwvww wwww-.vw-vvvv ww vwvv AA+bbfAAAAAAAA4ilv?C,rAAAA AAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAA Page Ninety-five w'v'w'w'vNhI+I?w'w'w'+0w'v'iw'v'w'-hfw'w'w'w'w' Yours: For better Sanitation, Comfort and Health. For Skill, Culture and a Decent Standard of Living. For Increased Production and Fair Dealing. 0 2 g 0 5 Lia. - L el- Elgin . 1 6+ in Local Union No. 78, ' wpp 53 ff ' ' ' Z is -:M United Association ,GS ,,ru1r5,,,0 lb Q5 ASSUQQ ,vw E335 U: - g Q 'Q MB of Plumbers and 0 . W ii 5 if a it i PX QJMTESQ K ' ,' Steam Pztters of QQ if A L55 , aa ' ,cy United States and M 2 49 90 40? M- Canada IEW sl ff 5 X SZELPEQIEQDH This Organization sincerely congratulates the Maple Avenue Evening School for past good work in the Plumbing Department and looks forward with hope and confidence to the establishment of day classes in a practical and truly Co-operative System of Trade Extension Training. For years We have endeavored, through proper legislation, to secure Better Building, Improved Conveniences, Proper Sani- tation and the greatest possible protection for the Health and Lives of all the people. We Stand Ready to Furnish Competent Men -for all Branches of the Plumbing and Steam Fitting Trade. CHAS. A. COON, Secretary-Treasurer. Office: Room 212, Labor Temple.-Phone 63237. --AAN:-:Q-v--Y-Jvvsfe-Nlvslv-r:-A:-ee---Y-J-Y-4-Alsrv-A --rer-Nlflvvftrr:Nbrw-2-Jvvsrw'4Jvflvwtvtvw'-'v'v'-v-v-w-v-v-vvslvsrw-e Page Ninety-six of Clean, Wholesome Bakery Goods is to Buy Products of Firms that Co-operate with us. WE HAVE practically succeeded in abolishing the Filthy Shed and Basement Bakeries and are now fighting Slovenliness and Disease of the Person and the Overlong Work Day which endangers the Health and Life of the Worker. K 3 Q Here is produced the Bakers' Label. It is your true W YOUR GUARANTEE C z 'mill . ', 2 2 2,, , ,,g,, friend-The Stamp of Quality. If you will call us up, We Will gladly furnish the names of bakeries that co-operate with us, and produce clean and reliable bakery goods. BAKERS, UNION, LOCAL NO. 37, 540 Maple Avenue, Los Angeles, Calif. Phone, Pico 3595. N 4 THE ELECTRICAL WORKERS OF LOS ANGELES, represented in Local Union No. 83, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, are in sympathy with the movement for better training for those engaged in the industry. The electrical industry here lacks system and the question of more thoroughly trained mechanics is a vital one. The ineffic- iency. of the worker, so much complained of, is the result of this lack of system. The workers in the trade have not been encouraged and protected as they should be. The proper co-operation is lacking. This Organization has honestly endeavored to promote skill and productivity by advocating a system that would put the industry on the highest possible level of efficiency by striving to advance and protect those engaged in it. We Welcome a system of technical training along the trade extension lines and offer fullest co-operation. . T ELECTRICAL WORKERS' UNION, LOCAL NO. 83. Room 112-540 Maple Ave., Los Angeles, Calif. Page Ninety-seven IT PAYS 5 WAYS CASH INCOME FOR YOU AND YOURS 1. SICKNESS: S200 a MONTH to YOU while laid up. When illness keeps you away from work the Multiple Income Policy pays your bills with a monthly check. 2. ACCIDENT: 3200 a MONTH 'to YOU while disabled. Accidents will happen. The Multiple Income takes care of doctor's bills and extra monthly expenses. 3. PERMANENT DISABILITY: S300 a MONTH to You for one whole year and S100 a month thereafter for life. Every month through life the permanently disabled man receives his check through the Multiple Income Policy. 4. OLD AGE: During old age after 65 YOU receive a MONTHLY in- come for life. Old age and happiness go hand in hand for the man who has wisely provided for an old age income. 5. DEATH: S100 a MONTH during life of your beneficiary in event of your death and 510,000 extra should your death be accidental. Insure the comfort and care of your family by making provision for a monthly income for life. FIVE BENEFITS FOR ONE PREMIUM A Small Premium Paid Protects You and Yours Five Ways. Send for book that tells you all about the Multiple Income Policy. PACIFIC MUTUAL LIFE INS RANCE C0. 545 So. Olive Street, Los Angeles, Calif. Telephone, Pico 4580. ---.,,,-x.w,,,,,,,,',--------------.,,,,,.--------,,,----.,.-.4,,,,,,,,,,,,-.4,,,,,,---------- wwww www wwwwwwwwwwwwwww wwwwwwww- wwwww ww ww wwwwwwwwww Page Ninety-eight QiJflslsfw'v'v'v'v'v'w'v'iAN'rw'w'v'v'v'v'v' EMSCO HYDRAULIC LINING WOVEN LINING CLUTCH FACINCS ARE DEPENDABLE v-v-NwNwN-v-Nwwv-v-:v-NN- Mason Contractors .Association 315-316 DOUGLAS BUILDING Corner 3rd 8: Spring Streets, - Telephone 61540 First Class Workmanship in all kinds of Masonry. Estimates Furnished. Compliments CT. F. Br-lzzoni ARCADE CORNICE WORKS 721 E. 12th Street, Los Angeles, Calif. Page Ninety 5IShfv'?+INlNfw'v'w'v'w'v' 'v'v'v'6v'4'INI'v'w'v'v'w'v'v'w'w'v'w'v'w'v'v'4NINIwIw'6w'v'Jv'v'v'v'v' Cohne Goldwater Companq Main Factory and Salesrooms 513-25 E. 12th St. -Where in comfortable well-lighted quarters, under ideal working condi- tionsg contented, well paid union labor is engaged in the manufacture of these popular, widely advertised gar- ments. ches v'r+AhhbhN ' PALMDAYL The BOSS Shirts-Reinforced Elephant Trade-Mark Athletic Union Suits Overalls-Work Suits-Hiking Bree CARHARTT'SWMg OVERALLS-GLOVES-TROUSERS -First in the Hearts of Union Men- HAMILTON 200 No. Los Angeles St., L CARHARTT, MANUFACTURER os Angeles, Calif. Page one-hundred - '-bfiw'v'v'w'v'v'?-I'I'fv'v'v'Qv'-I'IilNlSfw'v'JNIVVNlV'w'v'w'w'v'w'w v'v'w'w'w'w' v'v'i-lV'fv'?v'JNISIVv'v'v'JVNl'l?v'v'v'v' rr?49986v'w'4'lV'bfv'rw'w'v'w'v'v'w'rw'w'+w'w'+IVV?v'v'?v'w'?+l??v'v'?v' ,FACTS EVERY TIME YOU BUY AN ARTICLE into the manufacture of which the toil and sweat of little children has entered YOU be- come an employer of CHILD LABOR. WHEN YOU PURCHASE A GARMENT made under bad Work- ing conditions where women are driven YOU become a party to the wrecking of the lives of the mothers and future mothers of the nation. Here is cut of the 1551155 gy I to AUTHQRITY OF G in factories H135 Label of the Un- D G I- are conducte ited G a r m e n n 5 3 9, RIGHT. It is the Workers. Gar- 0 S If E stamp of Quality ments carrying it 5 ao iq ao AME E and F air Deal- , ID QF are made RIGHT 'WSTERED , ing. When purchasing Suits, Shirts, Night Shirts, Pajamas, Play Suits for Children, Overalls, White Coats, Khaki or Corduroy Outing Clothes for men, women or children MAKE SURE that this Label is attached to each article. Insist upon being shown-It is a duty you owe. UNITED GARMENT WORKERS OF AMERICA Local Union No. 125 635 Marsh-'Strong Bldg., Los Angeles, Calif. - Phone 13702 VVih L Fon MEN WHO CARE MERIT SHIRTS STYLE AND QUALITY P. A. NEWMARK E? CO. JVVSIVVS Page One-hundred-one ve-----4sNvsAlsAre-v-v--v--.- -ev--+Y--:Y-Y--Y-we--Y--Y- NISISISISINISISINISINISINININISISINI' rY,YAY,Y,W,Y,vQ'jg!f,y.v.v.w.v.'.,,,,,w.w.v.w.w.v.v.v. LUE PRINTS So. Cal. Blue Print Co. Phones 63942 and 62551 Pasadena Blue Print Co. Phone Fair Oaks 958 Fred A. Willis, Prop. DRAWING MATERIALS Los Angeles Pasadena 644 Roberts Bldg., 3rd Sz Main, 218-219 Braley Bldg., 35 S. Raymond Ave. Main 1429 66497 ELECTRIC LICHTING SUPPLY C0. EVERYTHING IN ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES 216 WEST THIRD STREET, Los Angeles, Calif. A-Aw'-IfIfIw'w'w' N-Y-Y-Y--:Jvvvsn-Y-.-Y-.-.-Y-.---.--+.--Y--Y-.snvv-.--e.-.-.vN.-Y--Y--NN.-ewwmw.-.-Nwuwnvwm Electrical Service Complete O' EARL TRESSLER' Prop' VICTCRY Electric Company Electrical Contractors and Engineers 1312 S. Hill St. Los Angeles, Cal. Telephone 25197 Lighting Fixtures and Electrical Supplies w'v'w'v'JNIVVSISI'w'w'v'JVSlNlNfv'v'v'v'-lSblSFv'w'v'iv' Page One-hundred-two Phone, Pico 2122 Tresslerllrnamental Iron Works Elevator Cars and Enclosures Fences and Gates Brass and Wire Work Fire Escapes-Folding Gates 717 EAST NINTH ST. Los Angeles, Cal. Success to the Trade Extension School Any approved, workable scheme that offers opportunity to the beginner in the bricklaying and allied trades to become an all-around, expert crafts- man, has our hearty approval. Carefully made BRICK, properly erected by skilled masons, produces a building which, for durability, attractiveness and economy in maintenance, is not excelled by any material. J. V. Simons ' R, T. S' Ralph Simons Brick Co' W. Gilllenini H. W. Simons Los Angeles and Inglewood R, W. Kenny ESTABLISHED 1888 R. G. SIMONS, President. ' Office Phone 11366.-Yard Phone 41239.-Res. Phone So. 1307W. 101-102 Stimson Building, Los Angeles, Calif. We have the BRICK to fill the bill . ev'rv-v-A--Ivvsrweev-ev-Jvvvv-ev-we-A+v-:Q--Ivff-ve:Y--w--JxNl-ee-Av-v--Y-hlslslshlslsls The Maple Avenue Evening High School has very con- vincingly demonstrated its usefulness in the educational life of Los Angeles. Best Wishes 'for the con- tinued SUCCESS of the school. Irving H. Hellman. Jv'-lvvvsI+lfrw'w'vvvvvshr+-r-rv-er--:J-:rv-rv Page One-hundred-three Phone, Broadway 3270 Fred W. Dee Sheet Metal Contractor Builders' Exchange 1732 East 14th Street, Los Angeles, Cal. Shop Phone, Pico 434 Residence Phone, West 3795 A. Tappeiner Registered Plumber Plumber and Tinner Estimates Furnished 143 WELLER STREET, Formerly Wellington St. Los Angeles, Calif. GET THE HABIT- Habits are a controlling force in everyone's life. To a large extent, the measure of your success will be determined by the habits you culti- vate or permit to grow upon you. Get the saving habit. It is truly a desirable one. Any sum to start, 4 per cent per annum, compounded twice yearly on Term Savings Accounts. ECURITY'B.I.S1'. L 6lSAVINGSvBANK HEAD OFFICE: 5th 8: Spring Sts. Capital and Surplus 310,525,000 Resources Exceed S195,000,000 Phone 271-074-Res. West 3284 Frank Crosson Sheet Metal Contractor 906 East Fourteenth Street, Los Angeles, Calif. --J4vslslvsr-Y-Arv-Av'+-'v'+Alshl-lslsr-v-+-v-- -Y-Av'-ahwvvh National Cornice Works Qlncorporatedj 1323-1335 Channing Street, Los Angeles, Calif. Phone, Pico 7464 Av'v'JSlV'w'w'v'JNFINIVNIVQAw'w'-bw'w'v'v'-INIVSIVSINISINAv'J'w'v'v'v'iv'-'Vffv'v'v'v'wNlNl'INfv'v'v'w'w' Page One-hundred-four fl CALIFORNIA SPRING COMPANY, Inc. HERBERT ATHONS, Manager AUTOMOBILE and TRUCK SPRINGS Blacksmithing Phone 22033 1720 So. Los Angeles St., Los Angeles, Calif. --Jvvvvvk---slslvsls---sr-ls--Y-:vvvw----wx Telephone, South 443 TYRE BROS. GLASS CO. - dealersin GLASS Plate Window Glass and Mirrors - Headlights, Wind Deflectors and W I N D S H I E L D S FOR ALL PURPOSES WE SPECIALIZE IN PLATE GLASS 31st 8z San Pedro Sts. Los Angeles, Calif. lvvv Phones: 63143 Main 5433 International Electric Co. F. T. BROILES, Mgr. AMOTORS REWINDING - REPAIRING POWER INSTALLATION MACHINE SHOP Electrical Engineering 8z Contracting 523 S. Los Angeles Street, Los Angeles, Calif. We Buy, Sell, and Rent Electric Motors, also Rock Crushers and Mining Machinery. Los Angeles Electric Works V Gncorporatedj Contractors Engineers M O T O R S SALES and RENTALS SWITCHBOARDS 1128 South Los Angeles Street, Los Angeles, Calif. 63931-Phones-820054 Page One-hundred-five v'v'v-v- w-rw-w--+-'-w---w--v-Qrw'--4vv---4sI-v-+--'4-- if f P or every urpose Drafting Supplies Scriver 8: Quinn Paint Manufacturers Wm. T. l..llldSh'0m C0. ES'EabliSl1ed 1838 At Second and Main Sts. 127 EAST 6th Street' lg P Drawing Instruments LOS A118'eleS, Calif- Telephone 65255 Main 565 PHONE Pico 4073 r-Jvvsr-weak:-AwereJvslslvsr-Q--:safeY-vslslslvsl--eve-A+rw-ev-Jslslsfv--AY-AJvsl-Ivslw-Aw-we-ev'-A:4srvslslslsr---Avlis:--vvsls 4, California Clothing Co. Boot and Shoe 1: Julius-SALMONSON-Isidore ' Hospital Clothing, Hats, Shoes, . . . ALLEN BROS., Proprietors Furnlshlngs V We Cash Your Checks BEST REPAIRING 126 Snuth Main Street, Agency for W. L. Douglas Shoes 1g Between lst and 2nd Sts. 543 South Main Street, 5 Los Angeles, Cahf. 15 Phone, PiC0 664 Los Angeles, Calif. O I Amusement AdV6l'tlSlI1g Co. Licensed Outdoor Advertisers Bill Posting, Card Tacking, Etc. Phone, Main 1465 J. F. KENNEDY, Mgr. 547 S. Los Angeles St. Page One-hundred-six PHOTOS OF PRINCIPAL AND FACULTY In This Annual ' Furnished by MURILLO STUDIOS 5th and Olive Streets, Los Angeles, Calif. ENTZ 64 RUCKER TOOLS FISHING TACKLE AND HAQDWAQE 218-zzz EAST FIFTH 511 LOS ANGELESIALIF. Write for Our Catalogue N l Brown, Caldwell and Ladd PHOTO - ENGRAVERS 317 So. Hill Street, Los Angeles, Phone 63551 Calif Page One-hundred IN CONCLUSION. With, perhaps, certain misgivings but a large measure of confidence and satisfaction withal, we now approach the comple- tion of our book. One regret is that, owing to limitations of time and space, We have not been able to mention in detail the names and acts of all our numerous friends whose kindly helpfulness has been a great aid and encouragement. The aim has been, however, to give as broad and thorough a treatment of the subject in hand as the allotted space would permit and thus make the work as constructively educational as possible and we know that our friends and benefactors will be satisfied if good results are obtained and will take for granted, our appreciation. It has been a pleasure to Work with the associate editors and the student body committee and the invaluable assistance of the principal and the helpful interest shown by the faculty, have helped to make the work easier. The superintendent of schools, Mrs. Dorsey, and the assis- tant to the superintendent, Mr. Findlay, have been exceedingly gracious and kind and the entire school administration -and board of education have shown a most friendly attitude. A Word About Our Advertisers. It is not amiss to explain here and now that the student body of this school has no source of revenue and the publication of this Annual was undertaken without funds. Consequently, we had to depend on the sale of space in the advertising columns for the necessary money. It was not deemed advisable to employ regular advertising solicitors and those connected with the school are too busily occupied to devote time to this phase of the Work. However, the generous patronage so freely given by those whom we found time to call upon is very gratifying. If we are not to be charged with the base sin of ingratitude and with being lacking in the proper spirit of appreciation and co operation our people will make sure to carefully peruse the advertising herein displayed and give their patronage to those who have co operated with us May we ask our friends to do the same? THE EDITOR - . , . Page One-hundred-eight H Ein Elppreciation THE Student Body Committee of the Maple Avenue High School having in charge the publication of this Annual, desires, on behalf of the school, to express full appreciation for the good will and co-operation so freely given by individuals, organizations and business firms. Leaders in thought and education, representatives of employers, business associations and trades people, prominent officials and busi- ness men-all intensely busy people-have taken the time to notice our work and contribute kindly messages of approval and encourage- ment and valuable treatises on the subjects in which this school specializes. Associations of employers and of labor and the shops and busi- ness institutions whose announcements and cards appear in this Annual, have been generous with their patronage, as have those officials and prominent citizens whose signatures of endorsement appear. These we will remember gratefully for it is only through their co-operation that it has been possible for us to complete this publica- tion. If, through the publication of this little book, a more lively interest is aroused in the campaign for the elimination of inefficiency and for greater skill and competency in the Trades and Vocations, we shall feel that our efforts have not been in vain. ,-,-N.-.-,-,-.-,i ??!i------wvv--www Nwvw Page One-hundred nine Summary of Contents California Scenes ..,,.....,............................. Title Page ......,..............,................................ Poem, Out Where The West Begins ....... Foreword ...... ................................................ A Tribute ...............................................,... Our Principal ................,.......,................,..,... Faculty and Student Body Committee .,....,.. Editorial ...... .............................................,.. Members of Faculty .......,................,............................................. Palm Canyon, CA sylvan sceneb ...,..,..,,.,......................................... Trade Extension Training, By Sadie C. Atherton, Principal Courses of Study, Maple Avenue School ...................................... Lead Class in Plumbing at Work Clllustrationl ........................ Mrs. Susan M. Dorsey, Supt. of Schools ,....,....., Letter of Endorsement from Mrs. Dorsey ................................ Day Classes Inaugurated CEditorialJ ................................,............. Where The School Dollars Come From, By Bruce A. Findlay ....... Enrollment For Day Classes ..........................,................................... Problems of the Vocational School, By Sadie C. Atherton ..,. Adult Education Essential, By Wm. Gibbs McAdoo ...,......... The Jewelry Class at Work Clllustrationb .............................. Plan Reading, By Howard B. Berry ............. - ...,,..................... -. Skill and Quality the Demand, Trade Extension the Hope By D. C. Casselman .,...................................................... Architectural Drafting Class flllustrationh ........ Five Features of Trade Extension ....................................... Types of Trade Schools fEditorialJ ......................................... Opinions of Samuel Gompers on Education and Schools ...,.... Education and Complete Living, By Wm. S. Kienholz ........... Page One-hundred-ten Page 33 33 3 3 3 3 3 H 33 33 33 33 33 37 33 33 33 37 33 33 33 37 33 33 37 33 37 Life Class, In The Maple Ave. School, By F. Geritz, Noted Artist 47 Revival of Block Cutting and Printing, By Frank Geritz ' in California Southland ............................................ .... ' 48 Oxy-Acetylene Welding and Cutting ................................. ' 51 Vocational Mechanical Drawing, By August Flam ......... 53 Electrical Department .................................,.......,........... 55 There Is a Cultural Side, CEditorialJ ............ ' 57 The Orchestra Class Clllustrationl .................... ' 59 Training For Service, By C. J. McCormick ....... ' 60 Friends We Esteem ................................,.............. 62 Respect the Flag ..........,.,............................................ ' 66 Our Common Language, By Ruby Baughman .......... 67 Sewing Class Clllustrationh ................................,..... 69 What is Progress? ........,............................................... 70 The Dramatic Department, By the Class Critic ............,....... ' 71 Educational Facts and Figures .......,.................,........................... 79 Adult Schools Responsive to Needs of People, From Report of State Comm. of Vocational Education .................. 81 A Friend ......................,.,,...................,........,.,,.............,.. ' 83 Entrance to Girls' Collegiate School CEngravingJ ....... ' 84 In Lighter Vein - CHumorous Itemsj .,.....,.............. ' 85 Free Speech is Sacred and other Truisms ........ 89 Friends and Well-Wishers ............,................. 91 Advertisements ...... .,....... ' ' 92 Appreciation ...... ,.,,.,...... ' ' 109 Summary of Contents ..... 110 O Page One-hundred-eleven I M. B. T 0 u r n 0 u X C o., Printers, Los Angeles, Calif. H Fda, fa i ',,fg5f??Fj'?'f- YJ ..f 5?gY.S ' -1, f,,- :1'--mv- ---.::w. . ,A . M x- 1 ' f- ?21'1-wa F5 ,um . :wa -' L . ' . . as - - 1 5 ., 4 - q,5,qu.+, -,-.4-.iff iv .- mg, I-1-va.,-1 . - 5 -1.35 I , 32? -.1--35?--'ei i f-325557 Fi? I v. -H+ .. -- f' - ' - , -s 1 , -if A - -' fx,-11-, we-. ,rw-f-r, m -f,-vp-. .1 ,. , , .. V -. -- ---v ,.-- , - , 1,-M, f , ff ' '1-.,,v T7rj7:v '-'fb-L N 2.4, . ,nf , ,g . .a - -Wi ,V -1-.N-V -5. .af ,gg L. '-53,5 .V -- -Lf. fag - f'iiE'acx. 1- . 51 'fi eg f , - 145 , ' ,fs -' -we pWEWQQ3 , A- A f , ,. :ln ,,. . . , ry, x Q. X,-. .4 -x . 15,4 if 1,-ne,-, ff - -'-r.2L.,.,JQ1': .edrf 7 If fnffg., K ,. , :H -Kg, I? 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