Manual Training High School - Prospect Yearbook (Brooklyn, NY)

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Domestic Science at Manual The course in Domestic Science is intended chiefly to prepare girls to be successful housekeepers, and to interest them in the problems of the home-maker. NVith this practical end in view, a study is made of the various kinds of house- work that will be of value to the housewife, so that she may be able either to do her own Work easily, and with a sense of mastery, or to direct and instruct other persons Whom she employs. H p The trained housekeeper will be able to select articles for her home more wisely, and will spend her money more economically than the untrained woman 5 she will also have more leisure and freedom in her life, because she has learned to eliminate the unnecessary in housework, she will be more just in what she demands of other people who work for her. because she knows how much physical strength and mental energy are required to do a given piece of work, since' she herself has already done that work. Picture A shows the girls at work in a cooking class. Each girl has her own desk and utensils. Usually two girls work together in preparation of the article for the lesson. The foods studied are simple and nutritious and are taken up in about the following order: Vegetablesg flour mix- tures, such as biscuits, muffins and plain cake, bread, milky eggs: beverages, meatsg soups, fish, simple dessert, fried foods, such as crullers and fish-balls, pastry, canned fruits and vegetables, ice' creams and gelatine desserts. Not Only are these foods prepared as single dishes, but the meal as a whole is considered, studied and then cooked. But the best of food is unsatisfactory, unless daintily served. Picture B shows the model dining-room with the table set for a luncheon, or a single dinner. As soon as the guests are seated, a waitress will serve the meal, from soup to dessert. The meal has already been cooked in the kitchen CAD, and will be served from the pantry But no family would be happy for many days if the mother thought only of cooking and eating. The need for cleaning is almost as persistent as ,the demand for food. Therefore, in each lesson neatness and order are emphasized, along with the work in dishwashing and general cleaning. As occasion arises, the metal is polished, stoves are black- ened, clothes are washed and ironed, rooms are swept and dusted. And then there is the ice-box. It is a day,-s work to clean that alone. The model dining-room and model bed- room are kept in order by the students. Picture D illustrates a laundry lesson. - The duties of a housekeeper have not yet been exhausted. For where is the home in which the mother does not act occasionally as nurse? A few lessons are given in simple nursing, and on the emergencies that may arise daily. The girls learn to make bandages and tie up sore fingers, and what to do if any one faints. Even the boys of Manual have beenf known to come to the kitchen to ask help when they - I3

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have been hurt in the shops, and have permitted their lordly lacerated limbs to be bandaged. The work described above is covered in two terms, in the Sixth and Seventh Grades, and now that additional time has been allowed for the domestic science course, the class plans a model house or apartment, and is working out schemes of decorating and furnishing the house. The serving of luncheons and preparation and management of afternoon teas is also a part of the work of the advanced class. We all love most dearly the home which we ourselves Domestic Art as a Dr. Larkins, in an address given before the University of the State of New York, has defined his concept of the aim of the manual training school thus: The aim of the manual training school is to develop the pupils, capabilities. The personal end is a clear working brain, there is no imme- diate end. The constructive work is changed as soon as the pupil begins to be automatic in his processes. Accuracy is demanded in order to train the attention and the will. The main thing is growth and adaptability, or, as some one has put it, to furnish the pupil with a means of finding himselff, As a factor in this great educational scheme, the hand work, as taught in the domestic art department, was intro- duced and its outline planned. The department is not trying to train the girls to be seamstresses, milliners, or dressmakers. Should any of them, however, decide to take up one of these trades as a life work, T5 have helped to make. The actual making of some article, therefore, for our school home, is just now keeping the class busy and happy. Thus, whatever knowledge has been ac- quired previouslyiin construction and design is being used now in our model house. The girls are being sent out ready to meet and conquer the difficulties of the home-maker, and worthy to be praised in the words of King Solomon: She looketh well to the ways of her household and eateth not the bread of idlenessf' Factor in Education Hhaving found themselvesf, we believe that the course will gnake ap solid foundation to build on. T A Our aim is to develop the girl through material construc- tion. Through the study of detail, to reproduce, from good models, well-formed, well-made garments. Through the study of color and design, to make becoming hats and dresses. Through freedom in the expressing of one's ideas, to construct something which bespeaks the personal taste of the maker. During the hrst term a skirt is made-quick workers add a waist, darning stockings, mending or patching of garments completes the work. Next term the shirtwaist and cooking outfit fill the time. Illustrations for first year's work. The work is dropped for cooking during the succeeding year, followed by millinery, and finished with the making of a simple wash dress. V