Manchester College - Aurora Yearbook (North Manchester, IN)

Text from Pages 1 - 208 of the 1920 volume:

■ e ■ Aurora (Quarter Qlentenary Number 1B35-I32fl A Irirf (fuarte r (tatwtarg ijtstnnj nf Hanr ster tihtUup 1. 3. £ rl?uialm, A. M. Span of (Enlknp of Hiheral Arts anh B f nior Assistant lEiutnr Harrlt, 10£fl Prrfare HIS being the twenty-fifth anniversary of the transfer of Manches- ter College to the Church of the Brethren, it was thought expedi- ent that someone write a brief account of the growth of the school. To depict correctly all of the activities of an institution for a quarter of a century, to do justice to all concerned, to reflect the school life in all of its phases and make it real is no small task. Only those who have lived through the days can know how many things that reflect the spirit of the school elude the pen of the writer. The matter of organization in a work of this kind is a problem for the his- torian. We have found it convenient to divide the history into three periods. The first period 1895-1902, the period of Private Ownership, when the church assumed no responsibility for the financial support of the school. The second period 1902-1910, the period of Lease, when the school was owned by the church but leased to a board of management. The third period, 1910-1920, the period of Church Ownership and Control. The divisions, as all divisions in history, are arbitrary, and the plan has many objections, but it seems the most practicable for present purposes. Each period is divided into three parts — a section of Administrative History, a sec- tion of Eeligious, Literary, Social, and Athletic Activities, and thirdly a sec- tion of Contemporary Notes and Personals. A general conclusion sums up the whole matter. If Ave have succeeded in showing the main lines of activity and develop- ment of the Institution, and how it has been of use in preparing young men and women for Christian service, our purpose shall have been attained. An attempt has been made to select suggestive materials and to mention repre- sentative names. Errors may have escaped our notice due to a lack of time for verifying every statement with source materials. The writers express their appreciation for valuable source materials re- ceived from Professor I. B. Book who supplied them with an almost complete ale of College Standards; to Olive Miller, W. D. Fisher, Mrs. Otho Win- ger, D. O. Cottrell for pictures, papers and helpful suggestions. President Otho Winger and Prof. L. W. Shultz have read the manuscript and have of- fered several valuable criticisms. V. F. SCHWALM, Editor. ELIZABETH POSTMA, Assistant Editor. Page 7J Administrating Itatnnj (1895-1902) HE institution now called Manchester College has a history that reaches beyond its control by the church of the Brethren and its location at North Manchester. It had had a brief existence at Roanoke, Indiana, under the control of the United Brethren Church. Because of the smallness of the town and its poor loca- tion it was decided in 1889 to move the institution to North Man- chester. It was now called Manchester College and grew slowly but healthfully un- der the Presidency of Professor D. N. Howe for about five years. Professor Howe was energetic and able, a man who sacri- ficed and labored diligently to build up the school. But funds to support the school were not forthcoming as rapidly as they should have been. During the year 1894-5 the College was headed by a man named Professor Kriebel, who made large promises of endowment to the school, which he could not fulfil. At the end of the year he left and the following item appears among the Col- lege notes in the North Manchester Journal for April 18, 1895. Many hearts about the College were made sad on learning that the institution Avas likely to be sold. More so, when property worth $25,000 must be sold very low and $7,000 in notes must be sacrificed to pay a debt of $5,000. A hard pull and a pull all together will put us on solid ground again, without selling our cherished D. N. HOWE, First President of Manchester College College home. During the winter of 1894-5 Professor E. S. Young held a very successful Bible term in the North Manchester Church. He evidently must have been thinking of founding a college then. No doubt he saw that this was a strong center for the church and would prove an advantageous location for the Col- lege. On March 28, 1895, the North Manchester Journal stated that, For some time it has been generally known to the public that a Brethren College, sim- ilar to the one at Mt. Morris, Illinois, would in all probability be located in Northern Indiana during the present year. The editor then stated that two or three other towns had already taken steps to get the institution. He said North Manchester had done nothing but wish that the institution might be lo- cated here. On Friday, March 22, 1895, Rev. E. S. Young and S. S. Young, of Mt. Morris, Illinois, and David Hollinger, of Pittsburg, Ohio, as a committee, were here to look over the ground hurriedly, promising to return at some future time. The Journal is in earnest in saying that this school, conducted as Page 9J it will be, free from all hifaluting pretenses, is the best thing in sight for the town and at the proper time such steps as will insure its location here should be taken. Soon thereafter the trustees of the U. B. College appointed a committee of their own number to meet E. S. Young and the representatives of the Church of the Brethren. This committee was granted full power to dispose of the College property to the best advantage. On April 22, 1895, the above named Journal wrote : ' ' The College locating committee consisting of Elder E. S. Young, and S. S. Young, of Mt. Morris, Illinois ; L. T. Holsinger, of Ladoga, Indiana ; L. H. Eby, of Summerville, Kan- sas, and D. Hollinger, of Pittsburg, Ohio, have been in the city for several days past and a public meeting was held at the Grand Army Hall Monday evening, at which these gentlemen outlined the extent and purpose of the proposed College. In short they ask a donation of $15,000 from this place to locate a college here. A like sum has been guaranteed them by Nappanee but on account of other circumstances the committee is more favorably disposed towards locating at this point. At this meeting a committee consisting of A. C. Mills, L. J. Naftzger, W. H. Shaffer, George Burdge, B. Oppenheim, D. W. Krisher and Dr. Ginther was appointed to deal with the Brethren committee and if possible secure the College. A request for permission to found a College went to Annual Conference in 1895 but due to the fact that the request did not come thru a local church and a District meeting, the regular order, the request was not granted but assur- ance was given that if the request were made the next year in the regular way, the Conference would give its permission. Professor Young now proceeded with his contract with the town committee. The people of North Manchester were to give the Dunkard people the U. B. school property and $5,000 in cash. The Dunkard people were to raise $5,000 and invest it in the College. Of this $10,000 they were to use about $8,500 to build a new building and the re- mainder to put a new heating plant into the building. If there should be any failure to operate the school at any time the property was to revert to the town. In addition to this the church people will put a large endowment on the school as at first contemplated. In order to raise the money that the town had pledged, the committee ap- pointed by the town bought a farm on the edge of town and laid it out in lots. They then asked the people in town to buy these lots in order to raise funds to pay the amount pledged to the college. Within a few weeks enough lots had been sold to assure the project, though a few still remained to be sold. When the College property was purchased from the United Brethren there was only one large building on a campus of ten acres. The building was called Bumgardner Hall or, now, College Hall. On about June 19, 1895, E. S. Young and S. S. Young arrived in North Manchester to remain permanently and be- gin planning for their work. This institution thus provided for was incorporated as Manchester College and the Bible School. The purpose of the College is to promote the interests [Page 10 BUMCrARDNEE OB COLLEGE HALL of education in general and especially among the children of German Baptist Brethren. The object of the Bible school is to promote Biblical instruction parti cularly on the denomination- al line of the Ger- man Baptist Church. ' ' The school was to be under the control of trus- tees, all of whom were to be mem- bers of the Ger- man Baptist Brethren church. ' ' The trustees for the first year were Elder L. T. Holsinger, chair- man; S. S. Young, secretary; G. B. Heeter, treasurer; E. S. Young, David Hol- linger, L. H. Eby and G. L. Shoemaker. Of these trustees E. S. Young was to be President of the College and S. S. Young business manager. It was provided that the church could assume the control of the school Avhenever it desired. It also provided the financial support of the school shall be by endowment and otherwise. The trustees at once busied themselves to secure a faculty for the coming year. Three teachers from the United Brethren faculty of the year before published a letter in the North Manchester Journal in which they an- nounced to their former students that they had accepted under the new management the same positions they had held the year before. They urged their former students to return to their work, promising them better facilities for work. They also urged them to send the names and addresses of friends who might be interested in school. The names of these faculty members were Albert B. Ulrey, H. W. Ward and W. R. Oyler. When the faculty list was completed it contained the names of E. S. Young, Professor of Old and New Testament History and Hermaneutics. A. B. Ulery, Natural Sciences. H. W. Ward, Languages. E. M. Crouch, Mathematics and English. W. R. Oyler, Commercial and Business Course. Page 11] E. S. YOTTNCr, First Brethren President (1895-1899) Margaret Bixler, Vocal and Instrumental Music. Millard R. Myers, Elocu- tion. H. J. Beachley, Shorthand and Penmanship. During the summer and fall of 1895 the Brethren were busy on the grounds remodeling the old College building and pre- paring for the opening of the fail term. Plans were laid and the work was begun on the new building now called the Chapel building or Bible School Building. Emanuel Grossnickle was out soliciting funds for the school in Whitley, Kosciusko and Huntington counties during the summer. He reported inter- est in the College wherever he went. At last on September 11, the school opened with very flat ■ Boys are Boys tering prospects for future success. The attendance of people at the opening was very large and shortly after nine o ' clock President Young called the assembly to order in the Chapel, and read a Scripture lesson. Miss Bixler led the singing, ' All Hail the Power of Jesus ' Name, ' followed by prayer by Rev. Burton. The president made a short address, followed by Rev. Burton, Kuhn and others. After some announcements the audience was dis- missed — The chapel was filled to overflowing by an appreciative audience composed mostly of citizens here. The great number of aged people that were there is an evidence that many parents had come to look after the welfare of their children starting in school. Everybody seemed pleased with what they saw and heard. The Journal further says that, Owing to the short time in which the College people had to make their announcements they will feel well satisfied with one hundred students. The number will not probably fall much short of that figure. The total number of students enrolled during this first year were tAvo hundred and seven in the College and one hundred and twenty-four in the Bible School — thirty-one of these counted in both. The North Manchester Journal reports that during the first term eighteen new families moved to town because of the College being located here. During the first years of the school a great deal of extension Bible Institute work was done in the churches of the Districts surrounding the school. The instructors in these schools for the first few years were E. S. Young, David Hollinger, J. W. Rarick, Chas. Gibson, L. H. Eby, J. K. Miller, E. M. Cobb, and T. S. Moherman. During the first year of the school 1050 students en- rolled in these schools in Districts and local churches. Bible Schools were held at Girard, Illinois ; Monticello, Indiana ; South English, Iowa ; Lima, Ohio ; Ivester, Ohio ; Flora, Indiana ; Smithville, Ohio ; Union City, Indiana ; Baker, Ohio : DeGraff, Ohio ; Pittsburg, Ohio, and Mexico, Indiana. There can be no question but that these schools did great good in encouraging Bible Study, as well as arousing interest in Manchester College. During this first year of the School both the Bible Society and the Excelsior Literary Society were founded. A description of these societies and their work is given elsewhere. The College authorities also published a College paper called The Bible Student. The paper was published monthly for a while then bi-monthly. It was devoted almost exclusively to Bible study. It contained essays, mission news, prayer meeting outlines, comments on the Sun- day School lessons and sermon outlines as well as some personals and news of [Page 12 affairs about the College. One is impressed with the high order of the produc- tions in the paper. The period from 1895 to 1902 was a time of struggle for the school. It was the time of beginnings and experiments. The constituency of the school was not generally sympathetic, not to say interested in the school. The problem of finance was a hard one. The trustees of the College were often hard put to it to find a way out of difficulties. During the presidency of E. S. Young, the Young brothers and their helpers fought hard and bravely with these problems and the school grew slowly. During this era the church took no financial re- sponsibility for the school. The responsibility rested with the trustees and many of them sacrificed heroically for the cause of Christian education. The trustee board changed somewhat during the period. The table following gives the names of trustees for the period from 1895 to 1902 and the time dur- ing which they thus served the school. Trustees of Manchester College from 1895 to 1902 were : Elder L. T. Holsinger 1895-1897 Elder S. S. Young 1895-1899 Elder G. B. Heeter 1895-1902 Elder E. S. Young 1895-1899 Elder David Hollinger 1895-1902 Elder L. H. Eby 1895-1897 G. L. Shoemaker 1895-1897 Elder M. N. Rensberger. . .1897-1902 Elder J. Edson Ulrey 1898-1899 Elder R. C. Hollinger 1898-1902 Elder G. B. Knepper 1898-1902 Simon Burkett 1899-1902 E. C. Witter 1899-1902 H. P. Albaugh 1899-1902 J. B. Speicher 1899-1902 E. B. Hoff 1900-1902 E. M. Crouch 1900-1901 Mention should be made of David Hollin- ger who served as trus- tee throughout the en- tire period mentioned above. He gave much earnest effort and means for the school and great credit is due h i m and his wife, whose likenesses are herewith presented. The only other trustee whose name appears throughout this entire period is that of G. B. Heeter who, too, sacri- ficed much for the school. .All of these men deserve the respect of the young men and women who are finding Manchester College a blessing in their lives today. While the school property was held in the names of the above trustees and while they were responsible for financing the school, the church maintained an advisory relation to it thru a committee of Brethren called a Board of Pag-e 13J DAVID HOLLINGER AND WIFE Council, appointed by the trustees. This Board had for its members such Breth- ren as Elders W. R. Deeter, Jacob Snell, D. P. Shively, D. F. Hoover, L. II. Dickey, Samuel Sprankle, and W. K. Simmons. During the third year of the school, J. C. Murray, W. S. Toney, A. II. Puterbaugh and Hiram Kriegh- baum were added to this Board. A few other changes were made. The Board was discontinued after 1900. During the fourth year of the school Annual Conference appointed an Ad- visory Committee, later called the Visiting Committee. Elders J. H. Wright, Jacob Snell, and Dorsey Hodgden were the first members of this committee. The next year the committee consisted of Elders J. H. Wright, A. II. Puler- baugh, and G. L. Studebaker. These members were continued on this com- mittee until 1904 when Elder W. R. Deeter took the place of Elder Puter- baugh, who had gone to his long home. These brethren served on this com- mittee until the committee was discontinued in 1908. It is interesting to note that J. H. Wright served on this committee during the entire period of its existence and Elder CI. L. Studebaker during the whole time, save one year. The College Standard makes note of occasional visits of this Board to the College. Their coming seems to have been much appreciated. Elder A. H. Puterbaugh was often unable to attend because of ill health. The faculty mentioned above remained practically unchanged during the second year of school. Prof. E. S. Young was a hard working teacher and he expected hard work from his students. The note books of some of his students indicated rather insistent demands along this line. Many of his students re- ceived much practical knowledge from his classes. Professer E. M. Crouch Avho gave about fifteen of his best years to Man- chester College Avas a successful teacher in his chosen field. Ever and anon the College Standard published papers that had been written in Professor Crouch ' s classes in Latin and Greek. They show a high standard of work and are a compli ment to the teacher. Professor Crouch first came to Manchester College as a teacher of English and Mathematics, but he was soon transferred to the department of Ancient Languages where he did most of his work. He was at one time President of the Classical Association of the State of Indiana. One of the very popular teachers of these early years was Professor A. B. Ulrey, of the Science department. Professor Ulrey joined the faculty in 1895, coming from the former U. B. fac- ulty. He remained for five years. He was Secretary of the faculty for some time. He had the ability to inspire his students with the scientific spirit. The College pa- per of this time reports that he gave a talk in the Bible Society on The Value of Scientific Study to Religion. The picture accompaning this sketch shows one of his early Science classes. Miss Margaret Bixler was the [Pag-e 14 One of A. B. TTlrey ' s Science Classes popular director of music during this time. Professor Millard Myers had an interesting elocution class during the first year of the school. The picture shows them in action. Only a fow changes were made in the faculty for the second year of the school. For the third year the names of Professors Oyler, Snowberger and Hoover do not appear on the list, but the names of P. S. Calvin, M. D. Earlj Ella Syler and A. J. Blickenstaff were added to the faculty list while W. II. PROF. MILLARD MYER ' S ELOCUTION CLASS 1895-6 Ward, M. D. Early and Margaret Bixler discontinued their relations with the school. R. C. Hollinger remained for some time both as a teacher and trustee of the school. He was an enthusiastic and inspiring promoter of the Com- mercial Department of the college. In the spring of 1899 both Professor E. S. Young and S. S. Young severed their connection with Manchester College. There had been many difficulties to meet. Differences arose in the trustee body and so Professor Young resigned the Presidency. He had spent four years in hard toil and endeavor to put the school on its feet and deserves the credit that belongs to pioneers in any cause. The years 1899-1902 may be considered as years of transition in the history of Manchester College. In 1899 E. B. Hoff and E. M. Crouch joined the trustee body, H. P. Albaugh Avas elected President and M. M. Sherrick Vice Presi- dent. E. B. Hoff, T. S. Moherman, W. C. Perry, F. 0. Howe, Nellie Lancaster, C. S. Ikenberry, Mae Romig, D. F. Reigel, S. P. Early and some other assist- ants were added to the faculty. The faculty list was thus greatly enlarged. The year started out auspiciously. It looked as if the school would suddenly grow large, but before the end of the year trouble arose . Financial and ad- ministrative difficulties developed and as a result President Albaugh resigned and many students as well as some teachers left the school. Page 15J The next year the trustees elected Professor L. D. Ikenberry, of Daleville, Va., Chairman of the Faculty, and associated with him R. C. Hollinger, E. M. Crouch, T. S. Moherman and E. B. Hoff to form an executive committee. Two men destined to play a large part in the future history of Manchester College were added to the faculty in the year 1900. These were Professor L. D. Ikenberry and Professor I. B. Book. Professor L. D. Ikenberry came from Virginia. He had studied in Bridgewater College, Virginia, Mc- Pherson College Kansas, University of Kansas, and Ohio Northern University. He had taught Mathematics and Sci- ence and has been President of Dale- ville College, Virginia. He came to Manchester College in 1900 and has been a member of the executive committee ever since. Professor Iken- berry has rendered his services quietly and without display. Much of the business end of the College has been directed by him. He was one of the lessees of the school throughout the period of lease and sacrificed much to make the success of the school a possibility. Prof. I. B. Book was from Pennsylvania and had just taken his A. B. degree from Juniata College. Prof, Book gave to Manchester College fourteen fessor Book gave to Manchester College ioiirteen years of sacrificing service. During this period he was one of the lessees of the school from 1902- 1910. His work here and his services of love to many students will be remembered with kindness for years to come. For the year 1901-2 Professor E. M. Crouch was elected to the Presidency. I. B. Book, L. D. Ikenberry and T. S. Moherman were associated with him on the executive Board. Prof. W. I. T. Hoover was added to the faculty during 1901. For five years he remained the successful teacher of History and Philosophy in Manchester College, As has been stated above when the school was purchased from the United Brethren there was only one building on the campus. This was the College Hall. During the fall and winter of 1895 6 prop, t b. book [Page 16 PRESIDENT H. P. ALBAUGH (1899-1900) the Bible School Building or the Chapel Building as it is often called was con- structed. In the basement of this was later placed the central heat- ing plant. On the first floor was the large Chapel Room, on the second floor were the offices of the President and Treas- urer, the Bible Room and Library. The third floor contained the Commercial Depart- ment. In the summer and fall of 1898 was built the Ladies ' Home. In connection with this was a dining hall w h i c h , wit h the rooms in the dormi- tory helped solve the problem of what to do with the students. Many pleasant mem- ories are associated with the parlors and dining hall of this building. The century closes then with three large buildings on the grounds. The minutes of the faculty meeting of the first year of the school impress one that the pedagogy of these early days was not of the soft kind. Discipline was administered for various offences. Some were expelled and a number suspended. Some of those who departed from the narrow way were compelled to make apologies to the faculty and pledge to do better. Do not worry, we shall not give names here. Cite ran}, gbligum, Serial attfc Atljlrttr Artthttt? a 1B054902 Around an educational center there are so many incidents of life and in- terest, so many trivial happenings that go to make this life and interest, that it is difficult for the historian to be confined to chronological facts and log- ical conclusions. The aim of the founders of Manchester College was to provide an institu- tion where young men and women might receive an education in a Christ- Pag-e 17J PROF. L. D. IKENBEEEV Chairman of Faculty 1900-1901 ian environment. Emphasis was placed on the study of the Bible, perhaps, to a greater extent than in the acquiring of literary knowledge. Education means mental de- velopment but that alone with- out spiritual and social develop- ment fails to pre- pare the individ- ual for complete living. Various activities — ■ relig- ious, literary and social — were soon organized, and the origin, growth and progress of these organizations con- stitute an import- ant chapter in the history of the school. All public meetings were held in the chapel, which occupied the east half of the second floor in College Hall. This was furnished with plain ordinary chairs which had been bought or donated wherever they could be found. The first important organization was the College Sunday School. The in- terest and teaching were excellent and many students consider the lessons received as moulding influences in their lives. The accommodations and equip- BIBLE SCHOOL BUILDING- OR COLLEGE CHAPEL BIBLB STUDENTS 1899 ment soon prove d inadquate for the growing institution. The first Sunday when the supply of chairs was exhausted the audience arose and sang, Stand [Page 18 o o a H W O O tJ hi o o M o en w M Page 19 J Up, Stand Up for Jesus, and passed to their respective class rooms. Preach- ing services were held one Sunday in the Chapel and the next at the Church on Walnut Street. The organization of a nourishing Young People ' s meet- ing was effected under the direction of S. P. Early, a graduate student of the second college class. This was before the Christian Workers ' Meeting had been authorized by the Church. Prior to the holiday season of the first year the students of the Bible De- partment, believing that growth in spirtual life and consecration could be best obtained by giving expression to the impressions received from day to day in the study of Divine Truth, organized the Bible Society. The interest and enthusiam manifested soon made the society a potent influence. The charter-membership was only eight or ten, but by the second year this num- ber had increased to sixty. The membership was limited to Bible Students and all were active. The constitution and by-laws framed for the Bible So- ciety at Mt. Morris College in 1892 were adopted. J. Kurtz Miller was the first president. Others Avho served in this capacity and were influential workers were : M. N. Rensberger, Alice King Ebey, J. Edson Ulery, J. W. Rarick, Adam Ebey, J. F. Souders, S. P. Early, J. H. Schrock, J. F. Layman, Kate Hollinger Preachers of the Year 1900-1901 (Compare with the Picture of Preachers of 1919-20, elsewhere in this Issue) BACK ROW — Left to right — C. W. Metz, D. Warren Shock, O. D. Foster, J. J. Anglemyer. MIDDLE ROW — Prof. W. C. Perry, S. P. Early, J. B. Leatherman, J. L. Guthrie, Prof. T. S. Moherman. FRONT ROW — Prof. L. D. Ikenberry, Prof. E. B. Hoff, J. B. Speicher, Prof. I. B. Book, S. S. Gump. W. W. Barnhart, J. B. Spiecher, Otho Winger, F. S. Moherman, L. D. Iken- berry, Vina E. Shoemaker, Mrs. Laima Brower, Nora Arnold Lichty, Jose- phine Powell. A. W. Ross, Mrs. L. M. Lautzenhiexer, and Mrs. Emma Bowman. [Page 20 Mrs. Bowman was one of the charter members and has been closely associated in the work during all these years. She was the founder of the West End Mission. This was first opened in a small rented room where for six years Mrs. Bowman labored faithfully in teaching the Gospel story to the children who were deprived of church and Sunday School privileges. She was ably assisted in this work by Mrs.. Lou Lautzenhizer and others. The programs were held in the Bible room every Monday evening, until 1902 when increased numbers made it necessary to meet in the chapel. These consisted of orations, essays, readings and debates all on Biblical subjects, as well as special missionary addresses. A Ladies ' Quartette com- posed of Una Cripe, Elma Burkett, Gladia Swartz and was an innovation that added much to the interest and enjoyment of the programs. The following is gleaned from the Bible Student July 1897: The most meritorious fea- tures of the Institution are that the various departments are presided over by specialists in their respective lines and who have had a number of years of successful experience in teaching. Such persons attend the school as are in- spired with a brimming zeal to make the world better intellectually, morally and spiritually. In harmony with these ideals the Bible Society was inspired to reach out into practical mission work. On April 18, 1898, at a call meeting the Society decided to creat a fund to assist worthy students in preparing for the mission field and in September, 1902, issued the first scholarships at the beginning of the school year. Later this fund was turned over to the College Management and was the first sum given to what is now known as the Educa- tional Fund for the aid of ministers and missionaries in their preparation for Christian service. Correlated with the Bible Society was the Missionary Read- ing Circle. Books on Mission work were read and discussed every Wednesday evening. On Sunday afternoon a staff of workers was sent out to visit the sick and the aged who were deprived of Church privileges. Literary Societies. The Excelsior Literary Society was organized for the benefit of the Col- lege and preparatory students and met on Saturday evenings for a while in the chapel, and later when the hall was divided by a movable partition the Society moved to the west side of the partition. The Bible Student November 1896 gives perhaps a very fair estimate of the merits of the work of this Society. The Excelsior Literary Society commands the attention and praise of a large audience every Saturday evening. The characteristics of the society — progress- iveness, thoroughness, growth, purity, charity — are to be commended. The pro- grams are spicy. The hall is filled to overflowing each evening by the students and citizens of the town, and all say there must be a sister society. So be it. Next term? Yes. The Excelsior Literary Society held its last meeting Nov. 28, 1896. At that date the society was dissolved. The members had unitedly worked together for one year and one term. As they separated they called themselves societies A and B. After a short program the lists of names for the sections were read. The first named on the lists then came forward and decided by chance the halls to be occupied by the sections in the future. Miss Adah Baker ' s name headed the list of section a. She guessed the exact num- Pag-e 21 J ber of the page of the book that gave the west hail to the Lincoln Literary So- ciety. Twenty-four years later she was again in college and assisted in the dis- solving of the Majestica Society and graduated with the class of 1920. No rec- ords have been found giving the details of the organization of section A. A constitution and by-laws were adopted and R. C. Hollinger was chosen the first president Nov. 28, 1896. His son, Harold, was elected to fill the same position THE LINCOLN LITERARY SOCIETY (1900-1901) in Feb. 1920. Among the charter members were : Adah Baker, Mina Bosserman, Elma Burket, A. J. Blinckenstaff, C. M. Holderman, W. H. Howe, A. E. Kemp, Phoebe King, Mr. and Mrs. Ira Early, E. C. Miller, Ella Ulrey, Maude Wheeler, L. D. Wright. One who later helped to make Manchester College famous was Ollie Miller who was the first lady president chosen by the Society. She was an excellent writer and speaker and much of the early success of the Society was due to her untiring efforts. At present Miss Miller is assistant librarian. Other active and faithful members were : Curtis Hollinger, Lelia Miller Culler, Wealthea Miller Long, C. W. Stutsman, Verna Ulrey, Ida Mae Miller, Ella Miller Brubaker, Wm. Howe, Laura Cripe Smith and G. E. Hamilton. The two sections were organized on the same basis and the procedures re- corded of Section B is representative of section A. Those members belonging to section B passed to the east hall and quickly effected a tem- porary organization. Milo Hale, F. M. Neff and Lucy Buck were appointed as a committee to draft a constitution. The result of their work was presented and adopted the following week and since that date section B has been known as the Adelphian Literary Society. Motto, Lux et Veritas. The charter members were, active : C. W. Bowman, Lucy Buck, J. C. Brower, Owen Cottrell, Cal Forney, Milo F. Hale, Wm. Horner, Nellie Lancaster, Cora A. Miller, F. M. Neff, Edna Puterbaugh, Gertrude Smith, J. H. Werking, G. [Pagre 22 E. Wright, C. C. Wright. Inactive : Jerome Iresberger, W. H. Working. Hon- orary : M. R. Myers, M. D. Early, Mrs. Ada Early. The first election resulted in the choice of F. M. Neff, President, Edna Puterbaugh, Vice President, Gertrude Smith, Secretary. The hall had been newly papered during the summer. A few chairs, a lamp, and a stand with a broken leg comprised the furnishings. A purchasing committee was appointed THE ADELPHIAN LITERARY SOCIETY (1900-1901) to provide a carpet for the stage, better lighting and other necessary im- provements. There immediately sprang up a sharp rivalry between the two societies as to numbers and talent. Some excellent talent was developed — poets, essayists, debaters, and silver tongued orators. The first part of each program consisted of literary productions. This was followed by a fifteen or twenty minute intermission in which all enjoyed a purely social time together. Although separated by a movable partition, despite society spirit and rivalry, the same unity of action must have largely prevailed as formerly. Echoes from Lincoln Hall report that evidently the social side of our society is performing remarkable service for some of its members. These observations were verified in the fall of 1899 whn Miss Lucy Buck, an active Adelphian, and E. C. Miller, an active Lincoln, were united in marriage by President E. S. Young in the College Chapel. Following the social period there was either a debate or paliamentary drill. D. 0. Cottrell became noted for his ability in this line of work. No instrumental music was allowed for some years. A committee was appointed by the Society to wait on the President and plead for permission to be granted for its use but after an hours conference in which all of the eloquence at their command had been used, nothing was accomplished. Space does not Page 23] allow the mention of all of the names of prominent and influential members even if they could be had. Ida Miller (Winger) was the first lady president of the Adelphians. George Culler, Andrew Long, Mr. Hildebrand and Mrs. Kreichbaum are among a few of those Avell remembered. Also Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Bowman, Ralph Cottrell, Ora E. Hoover, Isaac Cripe, J. F. Sanders, George W. Tanreuther, Otho Winger, Andrew Long, Alva Spacht, Elizabeth Garner, Grace AVine Wright. Social Life. Not much emphasis was placed upon the directing of the social life of the student. A careful surveillance of the general deportment of individuals and a rather rigid disclipine was maintained, but the students were allowed to find and direct their own social affairs. However an item which appeared in the North Manchester Journal Sept. 29, 1898 is expressive of this lack of social understanding and of a desire on THE TIMBEBLIN BOARDING CX.TJB the part of the faculty to bring about a closer relationship between students and instructors. North Manchester Journal, Sept. 29, 1898. A committee from the faculty has been appointed to give direction to the social instincts among us. An occasional meeting of faculty and students elsewhere than in the president ' s office is desirable. A long felt want has [Pase 24 undoubtedly been filled and a way opened for the addition of some pleasant features to College experiences. Previous to the erection of the dormitories the students found room and board in boarding clubs. There was the Timberlin club on Wayne St., the Old Dormitory located on the site now occupied by Pror. L. D. Ikenberry ' s home. The present new apartment house on Home Avenue and one in Mr. Richer ' s house, conducted by Mrs. Dollie Zern. These clubs were like large families and had an atmosphere of real home life that was highly prized by the students. These clubs were also the center of social activities and were the scenes of some notable events. On January 1, 1896, in the parlors of the Old Dormitory occurred the double wedding of Mr. D. L. Forney and Miss Anna M. Shull, now missionaries in India, and Mr. J. Kurtz Miller and Miss Louise Shelley. President Young performed the ceremony. The following extract from a letter written by an old student presents a very vivid picture of school life and is also significant of the changes wrought by time. The social life of the college was more on a common plane in the old days than it has been since the school has grown larger and more prosperous. Everybody knew everybody else, and there was a fraternal feeling which does not exist now to such a marked ex- tent. Life was more simple and society was not so complex. There were fewer comforts and luxuries, yet with all these d isadvantages there -was that present which causes every student to look back with pleasure and satis- faction to the good old days at Manchester College. The early spirt of the College was the pioneer spirit — the spirit of a common desire to help build up the college and to establish the reputation of the school. There is a spirit of felloAvship found among pioneers that is lost when prosperity comes and there is not so much need of dependence on each other. A spirit of independence and formality enters that destroys sociablity. (Ermiemporary Notpa nnh Personals Perhaps in no way can the spirit of an institution be so well portrayed as by a reproduction of some of the literature and news notes of the days under consideration. It is for this reason that the following notes and personals are quoted from contemporary literature published at the College. It is hoped that these notes will call up memories of associations of former days to many readers. Many other interesting notes had to be omitted for lack of space. North Manchester Journal , September, 9, 1897. Edson Ulrey brings with him a wife to aid him in his work. Perhaps this assistance may be material as they are both in college work. Professor U. R. Young, formerly of the Servia schools, L. D. Wright and A. E. Kemp have enrolled with us for work. — North Manchester Journal, September 9, 1897. The Reunion last Saturday afternoon was a pleasant event among college people, — One of the students who rode two hundred miles on his wheel said the effect of the reunion on him was to make him want to stay. : ' HoAvever, he said, I shall be in for the Spring Term as soon as my school closes. North Manchester Journal, September 9, 1897. A reception was given to the Trustees in the dinning hall to thank them Fag-e 25] for the Ladies Home. Miss Lydia Stauffer expressed the thanks and apprecia- tion of the Ladies. —North Manchester Journal, Nov. 17, 1898. Messrs. Troy Smith and A. E. Kemp are in the field this summer in the interests of the College. Both are Avell along in Liberal Arts work and are able to represent effectively the ad- vantages of the school. — The College Standard, July, 1900. Elder David Hollinger who has been for some years connected with the College as chairman of the Board of Trustees has sold his property here and moved to Greenville, Ohio. Both Brother and Sister HolHnger a Koom in the Dormitory have g i Yen muc h time and energy in the interest of Manchester College. They are deeply interested in the school, and it has cost them not only in labor, but sacrifice of much of their means. — The College Standard. August, 1900. Brother Winger, another of our Bible School Avorkers who is in the field in the interest of the College, spent a few days with us last week to renew his enthusiam for further work. — The College Standard. March, 1900. Professer C. S. Ikenberry is fitting up his music room with carpet and newly papered Avails, chart ets. All the buildings are being renoA ated through- out. ' ' S. S. Gump after spending his vacations in the field cairvassing is again at work. He is taking a three year ' s Bible Course. — The College Standard. August, 1900. Otho Winger for the first time published his lecture on The Big Four, in the aboA e issue. — The College Standard, November, 1900. It seems as lasting as the R. R. of like name. He still rides Four. ' ' The Big Bible Society Notes. We were made to say fareAvell to tAA o of our beloA T ed Avorkers who were recently chosen as missionaries to India, and who more recently concluded to make one plus one equal one. Those Avho were at the Annual Conference remember the announcement of the election of Brother Adam Ebey and Sister Alice King Ebey. They were the backbone to our Society during its earlier history. Sister Ebey Avas formerly an instructor in the Bible Department of this institution. If AA e retain only one Avord from Sister Ebey ' s last address in the College Chapel it will be that endearing one ' Mizpah. ' — The College Standard. September ' 1900. Miss Ollie Miller, one of our faithful members of former years, is AA r ielding ' the rod of empire ' in a Michigan schoolroom this AA ' inter. — The College Standard. September, 1901. [Page 26 Prof. L. D. Ikenberry ' s face is lighted up with an effulgent smile. A little angel daughter recent- ly joined his home cir- cle. — The College Standard, Feb. 1901. ' ' We need more original ideas in the presentation of our So- ciety work. Let us not wear out our few pet expressions w here there are so many others. ' ' — Amelia Wat- son. — The College Standard, November, ADAM AND ALICE KING- EBY 1901. ' ' Prof. E. B. Hoff who has spent some months traveling in the old country gave us a talk a couple of weeks ago on Mt. Vesuvius. —The College Stan- dard, April, 1902. D. W. Shock, ' 00, and Daisy Hollinger, ' 00, were recently united in marriage at the home of the bride at Greencastle, Ohio. - — The College Standard. May, 1902. (While this history was in prepar- ation the death of Mrs. Shock occurred in their home in Illinois). Geo. F. Tanreuther, A. B. ' 00, matriculated in Antioch College, Ohio, last September. He writes that he was given full credit for his four years ' course in Manchester Col- lege. — The College Standard, Jan- uary 1901. On July 24, 1802. Otho Winger and Ida Miller were united in marriage. Both have been students in Manchester College. Mr. Winger for the past four years. They will locate this fall at Bloomington where Mr. Winger will enter upon advanced work in the University. In a talk before the student body Mr. Winger remarked that he had gained one Id(e)a in Manchester College that would stick to him. ' ' —The College Standard. September, 1902. Freshman born for great things Juniors born for small Seniors are not recorded Why they are born at all. — The College Standard, November, 1901. Mr. L. D. Wright ' 98 continues teaching near Claypool, Indiana. He still wears that pleasant hopeful smile. — The College Standard, Jan. 1901. Page 27] Isn ' t It Strange? On Christmas day, 1900, Professor I. Bruce Book and Miss Etta Mae Stine of Adel, Iowa, were uunited in marriage. The bride and groom arrived in North Manchester on New Year ' s eve and were greeted at the pleasant home of Dr. and Mrs. Shoemaker who had arranged a reception for the happy couple. The College Faculty was present as were also Elders I. D. Parker and A. L. Wright and their companions. A program had been planned. Prof. T. S. Moherman was master of ceremonies. Professor Book responded to the toast Why are we Here. Refreshments were served after which one of the Professors was called to present to the Professor and Mrs. Book a fine rocker in the name of the Faculty of the College. This is an age of literary culture and of many books. But no book in our bibliopolis has attracted so much attention as the central -volume of this occa- sion ; and no other is likely to be read with- greater pleasure, save the com- panion volume which has recently been added. It was never a question with the multitude of readers as to binding, whether Half Russia, English Calf, or Full Morocco. It was the coveted contents that ravished the reader. They were interested not only in the letter, but also in the spirit. In this age of cheap books and distorted fragments of literature, it be- comes a profound pleasure to the Faculty of Manchester College to testify to the superior merits of one volume viz: Prof. I. Bruce Book ' and this apprecia- tion is not to pass as a matter of mere verbal expression, but now becomes tan- gible in the form of this admirable rocker which I now present to Professor and Mrs. Book in the name of the College Faculty. Contrasts. 1 1 ■ : For Board (club rates) Tuition, Room Rent, Fuel, Incidental Fee for Fall Term of 12 weeks, from $31 to $34. From $104.50 to $117.50 pays for board, tuition, room rent, fuel and incidental fee for the entire school year (39 weeks). — The Bible Student, August, 1896. Trustees 1902-1920. Since the School has been under the control of the Church tht following Trustees have served on the Trustee Board. Name Church District Time of Service Elder I. D. Parker .N. Indiana (3 902-1904) Frank Fisher M. Indiana (1902-03 and 1907-11) Daniel Snell .M. Indiana (1902-09) S. F. Sanger N. Indiana 1902-03 and 1904-10) M. J. McClure . . . . S. Illinois (1902-1904) ' ' Jacob Wine S. Illinois 1902-03) L. A. Bookwalter. .S. Ohio (1902-1907) J. B. Light N. W. Ohio (1902-06) S. S. Ulrey M. Indiana (1903-09) D. D. Thomas . . . .N. W. Ohio (1905-10) ' ' L. W. Teeter S. Indiana (1905-20) [Page 28 Name Church District Time of Service Elder Jacob Coppock S. Ohio (1907-13) J. D. Mishler M. Indiana . (1909-11) Manly Deeter N. Indiana (1909-15 and 1918-20) a. A. Snider N. W. Ohio (1910-20) D. B. Garber M. Indiana (1910-20) J. L. Cunningham ..M. Indiana , . (1911-1920) J. F. Brubaker . . . . S. Ohio (1913-16) Frank Kreider . . . .N. Indiana (1915-18) John Calvin Bright.S. Ohio (1916-19) Geo. F. Culler Michigan ...(1916-19) G. S. Strausbaugh . . N. E. Ohio (1916-20) J. Edson Ulrev . . . .Michigan (1919-20) Levi Minnich S. Ohio (1919-20) AbmttttBtrattup tatnrij— Slip Pmoii nf ffintsr 1902-19111 There is one truth which our own generation has learned which was not s - well established a quarter of a century ago, — the truth that a College is not a self supporting institution. The Trustees of Manchester College luund that Manchester College was not a gold mine. True the Church gave some toward the maintenance of the school, but not sufficently to keep it from running hope- lessly in debt. Finally it became evident that some new plan of conducting the school would have to be advised. One of the Trustees expressed it in this way to the writer, We had the bear by the tail and had to get help to let him go. AVhen the College was thus encumbered, one of the Trustees revealed the sit- uation to Elder I. D. Parker, a lover of education and a man of influence in the Brotherhood. The trustee said to Elder Parker that he would turn his share of the College over to the church if the church would take it and that he was sure the rest of the trustees would do likewise. Brother Parker thot about it for some time and then planned his campaign. He Avent to various District Meetings of Indiana, Ohio, and Illinois, and asked the church whether it would take the school if it could be turned over to the church, free of debt. After getting, Northwestern Ohio, Southern Illinois, Northern Indiana, Middle Indiana, and Southern Ohio, to agree to take the College, he went to work and solicited the money to pay off the debt. About $27,000 was raised, the debt was paid and on May 6, 1902, the old trustees consisting of S. Burkett, E. B. Hoff, R, C. Hollinger and M. N. Rensberger, signed the transfer that made the school the property of the church, to be controlled by trustees elected by the church. The trustees elected by the church then entered into articles of asso- ciation in which they state The purpose of the association shall be to pro- mote the interests of Christian Education under the auspices of the German Baptist Brethren Church. Among other provisions it is stated that : ' no financial liability of any character whatever which shall be incurred by the trustees of this association shall become a lien upon the real estate or personal property of the Manchester College above named, and the trustees shall incur no debt or financial obligation unless there are sufficient funds provided to meet such obligation. Page 29] These articles of association were signed by the following trustees : I. D. Parker, S. F. Sanger, Daniel Snell, Frank Fisher, M. J. McClure, Jacob Wyne, L. A. Bookwalter and J. B. Light. Too much cannot be said in honor of the man Avho above all others made possible the securing of Manchester College. No one who had less iron in his will than Elder I. D. Parker would have faced the lukewarm indifference and determined opposition that he faced to raise the money necessary to save Manchester College and to put it under the control of the church. The College Standard for September, 1902, records the following interest- ing story. The morning of September 2nd seemed like a new era for Manchester College. All debts against the institu- tion being cancelled last May, it seemed fitting to dedicate the College, . . . .All seemed to fully realize that the College, in spite of its days of hampered possibilities, had safely come through the crisis and has been planted upon a sound basis for future work. Elder I. D. Parker stood out as the most prominent figure on the occasion, being recognized and revered as the man who solved the financial problem of the school, having solicited dur- ing the past two years sufficient funds to cancel all claims against the Col- lege. Elder S. F. Sanger of South Bend, after some appropriate remarks, led in the opening prayer. Elder I. D. Parker followed with a brief historical sketch of the institution. Then followed the address by Elder A. H. Puterbaugh, which was an able effort, setting forth the purposes of an institution of learn- ing. This discourse, profound and intensely spiritual, emphasized the symmet- rical ideal, which gives normal development of the physical, mental, and moral powers. Brother Puterbaugh spoke with unusual strength, and punctuated with telling emphasis that t he institution must stand for the highest interests of the church, and that what is needed now is not criticism but help, that the school deserves the patronage of the Church and should have it. Brief general talks followed by Elder L. H. Ebey, B. A. Helm, Dr. Shoe- maker, Elder I. L. Berkey, Elder L. A. Bookwalter and Phoebe King. Manly Deeter was to speak, but could not attend. He wrote his regards to Bro. Parker saying : I shall never live long enough to do for Manchester Col- lege the one hundredth part of what the School has done for me. ' ' [Pag ' e 30 ELD. I. D. PARKS Elder Daniel Snell spoke last on ' The Outlook of the College. ' He said he was glad that he had lived to see the day, and felt like Simeon of old, ' Let me die in peace because I have seen the salvation. ' Brother Snell ' s remarks thrilled with enthusiasm. The property that was thus secured for the church was then leased to a com- mittee of Brethren to conduct a school according to the highest ideals of Christian education and in harmony with the principles of the German Baptist Church. It was provided that all instructors and persons occuping respon- sible positions in the College shall be as far as practicable members of the German Baptist Brethren Church. Such members shall exemplify in life and teaching the doctrines and peculiarities of the church as interpreted by her General Conference. The property of the school was then turned over for the use of the lessees who were to yield it up at the expiration of the lease in as good condition as when they received it, save for material wear. The first committee to whom the school was thus leased was E. M. Crouch, I. B. Book, L. D. Ikenberry and T. S. Moherman. In 1904 T. S. Moherman with- drew from the Executive committee which had leased the school and M. M. Sherick took his place. In 1906 M. M. Sher- ick withdrew from the committee and from then on until June 1, 1910, President E. M. Crouch, Treasurer L. D. Ikenberry, and Secretary I. B. Book leased the school un- der conditions that differed but slightly from the original lease. This was a period of hardship and sac- rifice almost equal to the struggle of the first four or five years of the history of the school. Educational sentiment was but slight and the financial support of the school was very meagre. Many times the Board of Management gave their time and labor with almost no remuneration. Year after year they labored on hoping that next year would be better. Students were few at times, financial conditions were strin- gent and the outlook discouraging. Teach- ers taught in the College then at salaries which make the College Professor of today gasp for breath. These men, who, thru long years sacrificed and labored, ever hoping for a better day just ahead, deserve credit, more credit than we are inclined to give to those who stay by the stuff when prospects are not flattering, and the cause not popular. It is unfortunate, tho not unusual, that someone must suffer and sacrifice for a cause so that it shall prosper and live. The work of these years, though not as productive of growth and development as was the desire of those interested, nevertheless saw some substantial contributions to the institution. It was during these years that the Young Men ' s dormitory Fag-e 31] FBES. E. M. CROUCH (1901-1910) was added to the buildings on the campus. President Crouch alone spent four hundred and seventy days in the field soliciting funds, and he personally raised most of the money to build this large building. The management of the school kept in close touch with the state educators and Manchester College won a place of respect in the state. In 1908 the new school law of the State of Indiana went into effect and in preparation for this work Manchester College was accredited to do Normal work for class A and B teachers on June 2, 1907 and for class C teachers in 1909. About this time arrangements were made with the town Board of Education by which a training school could be conducted in the College building for the use of the Normal school. This served as a North Ward for the town and took care of many children that could scarcely be provided for in the school build- ings in town and at the same time proved a great help to the College. Some of the very best critic teachers in the state have held positions in the College Training School. During the summer of 1908 Professor M. L. Sandifur was secured as head of the Department of Education. For about seven years he served in this capacity. Under the direction many teachers were trained for their work in the public schools of Indiana and Ohio. BOYS ' DORMITORY An effort was made in 1900 to conduct a summer Normal School in Man- chester College. This was not a very great success. In 1907 is was decided to make another attempt. In this year a six weeks normal was held. There were thirty-one students in attendance. The next summer the term lasted twelve weeks and there were ninety-four students. Ever since that time the Summer Normal has been a success and a valuable feeder to other departments of the school. But in spite of these achievements of the management which had leased the school, the income from students and the support from the churches was not sufficent to make it possible for this plan to continue. It became evident that [Pagfe 32 some change would have to be made and a new plan of conducting the school devised. The Board of Management released their claims on the College property June 1, 1910, and returned the same to the trustees. Already during the winter of 1909-10 the trustees had had several meetings in which they attempted to discover some plan by which they could help the situation. As early as April 6, 1909, a plan of giving the trustees power to ' ' assume the general management and control of the institution as soon as satisfactory arrangements can be made was submitted to the Board. This plan which asked for power for the trustees to raise funds and conduct the school as they saw fit, was then sub- NOBMAL SCHOOL 1907 mitted to the District Meetings of the Constituency of the Church. Some of these accepted the plan and others rejected it. But before this could be rejected or put into operation a modus vivendi had been discovered. Teachers were so hired by the trustees that if for any reason salaries cannot be paid within thirty days after they become due the con- tracts shall become null and void unless both parties agree upon terms of con- tinuing. All back pay is to be provided for. however as soon as possible from College income. It is said this practical suggestion came from Professor Otho Winger. By this plan the trustees are not obligated to go into debt contrary to their former instructions from the church and yet allowed them to hire teach- ers and make provisions for conducting the school. With this plan the trustees assumed control of the school. Page 33J 4) M ca £ 0) o K u G 01 C bo 01 I? e3 x 01 oT ' jJ . • s« ffl 2 1-1 o) ca -rfiO, £§ - S 2 . 5? H « o W 5 • P o 9.83 OHgo o D3 2§ Ph ..2 k CO « OJ ? ° Ph !aT w ° ■gP o n O  ■ 8 « 3 3 . H c . 0) Q Ol -M w X u - GSrM III o 0) o 1 X u  O .2 s u S fe,BQ H [Page 34 SItfrrarg, Seltgtflua, Mortal attfc Afljbitr AritktfoB 1305-1910 During this time not so many changes were made in the organization of the various activities of the school as in the former and in the later period. The beginnings of the earlier days developed and bore fruitage. Literary Societies. The general order of the literary society work was not changed during this period. The Lincolns and Adelphians continued to be close rivals as to member- ship and talent. The literary work was of a high standard of excellence. Public programs were given every Saturday evening. The general public was invited to these programs and the citizens from the north end of town embraced the opportunity and attended in large numbers. Both halls were often quite well filled. Readings ; piano and vocal solos, duets, trios, and quartettes ; essays ; or- ations and debates constituted the leading features of the programs. Occasion- ally a mock trial, or a scene from some historical or literary masterpiece was presented. An annual oratorical contest was an event that created much enthu- siasm in the Lincoln society for a number of years. Interest ran high and par- ticipants on the program vied with each other for excellence of production and presentation. Many who are now in public service of some kind received in- valuable training in their college days in these literary halls. Among the Lincoln notes of the college publications of these days appear the names of H. S. Hartsough, E. E. Dessenger, Vinnie Filburn, Ida Davenport, Sabina Higgle, Sadie I. Stutsman, Anna Hicks, C. N. Stutsman, Joe Cunning- ham, J. J. Anglemyer, Delia AVright, H. A. Studebaker, Wilma Burkett, Jessie Boone, Kathryn Porter, Ethel Eby, Howard Workman, Chester Petry, C harles McCorkle, Jessie Brumbaugh, D. L. Stoner, N. 0. Shively, Blanch Einehart, Mary Stoner, R. G. Keever, Nora Shively, T. 0. Shively, Cordelia Crouch, D. E. Sites, V. F. Schwalm, T. S. Ikenberry, Ernest Crum, C. H. Yoder, Grace Mur- ray, Alma Weddle, and John I. Kaylor. Harvey Hartsough was known as the class orator and philosopher of his day, iSadie I. Stutsman as a reciter and musician of note, Joe Cunningham as an ora- tor and elocutionist, — especially of the humorous. Delia Wright had many friends and her early death grieved many hearts. H. A. Studebaker was an orator, debater, and vocal soloist that did credit to his society. Jessie Boone was the first girl College graduate. D. L. Stoner was known as the Lincoln Orator and his sister Mary as the poetess. Blanch Rinehart was the fem- inine philosopher ; R. H. Miller a debater of power. Many others are worthy of mention. These few will help to call up memories of past experiences to many. In the Adelphian we find the following names prominent during the period : [. B. Wine, Wilmer Toney, Andrew Long, A. 0. Harris, Perry Lint, Edith Bru- baker, Roy Puterbaugh, 0. E. Metzger, Stella Neher, F. W. Gibson, R. C. Cott- rell, P. S. Bookwalter, Anna and Bertha Shoemaker, Lulu Niswonger, Alice Richer, C. C. Grisso, Carl Hicks, William Horner, Roy Dilling, Earl Hicks, Davis Cruea, J. H. Werking, Leta Phillips, La Von Garber, Lois Thomas, Lova Dickey, C. S. Morris, Owen Kintner, J. C. Smeltzer, Lou Emma Crouch, Ora Hoover, Arthur Sellers, A. M. Stout, and Elgin Moyer. Page 35] 0. E. Metzger is much praised for his work in the society. The Cottrell brothers often gave talks that elicited favorable comment. Roy Dilling, Perry Lint, Roy Puterbaugh, and Wilmer Toney for some time formed an excellent quartet. C. S. Morris did a great work in building up the society at a time when it was rather weak. Joshua Werking often entertained with humorous readings. Other substantial workers were Elgin Moyer, A. M. Stout, Arthur Sellers, Owen Kintner, and Ora Hoover. Many names are perhaps omitted that should have a place here, but not all can be given and these are perhaps typical. Both societies fluctuated in membership and strength ; both had their periods of seeming superiority and of decline. The Bible Society continued to increase in membership and to achieve great success in developing spiritual growth in its members. The regular programs of the society were given on Friday evening in the Bible Room in the northeast corner of the second floor of the Bible School Building. The programs were usually about an hour in length. They consisted of readings, talks, orations, ser- monettes, news items, and special music. The room was rather small and was usually filled, and this brought the members close together. Very spirtual meet- ings were often held, ideals were raised and resolutions strengthened as a result. Some of the very helpful members of the society lived in town and con- tributed their share to the programs throughout various years. Among these are : Mrs. Stutsman-Murray, Mrs. Dr. Shoemaker, Mrs. Emma Bowman, Mrs. E. L. Lautzenhiser, and Mrs. Lavina Brower. Among. the names that appear on the lists most often are : Otho Winger, S. P. Early, J. J. Anglemyer, Mrs. Emma Garver, S. S. Gump, Ida Miller, C. S. Ikenberry, Levi Feightner, Mattie Cun- ningham, C. C. Grisso, Lulu Sanger, Harvey Hartsough, Amanda Rowdabaugh, Katie Patterson, Sylvia Cripe, William and Mrs. Ulrich, C. H. Yoder, Clyde Cripe, Alice Mummert, Samuel Borough, James Hazlett, H. S. Bowers, Cora Wise, W. D. Keller, H. H. Petry, A. J. Spacht, Josie Powell, W. H. Wertem- baker, E. P. Yoder, William Netzley, Charles Ronk, Verna Frantz, John I. Kaylor, Lulu Jackson, G. F. Wagnor, Mary Stoner, H. Helman, Gertrude Netz- ley, D. W. Paul, Jesse Byerly, Olive Miller, G. L. Wine, J. P. Dickey, S. G. Hollinger, Rosa Wagoner, T. D. Butterbaugh, and Lulu Hollar. The Bible Society had a large membership, and excellent interest was man- ifested in the preparation of topics that appeared on the programs. In March, 1905, an amendment was made to the constitution which provided for what was known as the Bible Society Extension Work. This extension work em- braced the directing of the Missionary Reading Circle in the College and vicin- ity, the organization of Bible study classes to be conducted by the students, the encourgement of the organization of a Volunteer Mission Band, the arranging of missionary meetings among the churches with specially prepared p rograms, the providing of occasional lectures by missionaries or other competent speak- ers, the securing of a mission fund for the support of one or more missionaries on the field, and arranging for home visitation. Two months later on May 24, 1905, the Volunteer Mission Band was organ- ized at the home of William Ulrich, with the following officers: Moderator, [Pag-e 36 James H. Morris ; Vice-moderator, Mrs. Anna Ulrich; Secretary, Clara E. Stauf- f er ; Treasurer, William Ulrich. The charter members were Mr. and Mrs. Wil- liam Ulrich, Dorothy (Shafford) Sower, William Eiler, Clara E. Stauffer (Wolfe), and James H. Morris. This small band soon entered into aggressive mission work. The first deputation program was given in the East Eel River Church January 14, 1906. In all, four programs were given in as many churches during the year. The membership was never large during these early years, but talent, zeal, and earnestness were predominant characteristics of those who had pledged themselves to give all to the service of the Master. Y. M. C. B.— 1902-1910. The young men who had accepted Christ met February 16, 1903, and organ- ized a Young Men ' s Christian Band for the purpose of creating a greater de- gree of spirituality among them. The motto, Love thy neighbor as thyself, is indicative of the aims of the organization to promote a spirit of consideration and brotherly love among the boys as they associated together day by day. The first corps of officers were : Leader, Jessie Anglemyer ; assistant-leader, Ralph Cottrell; secretary, Frank Gibson. November 26, 1908, a reorganization was effected on the same plan as the Young Men ' s Christian Association. In their weekly meetings the topics discussed were practical and those that pertained to every-day life. The meetings were held in the Bible Room on Tuesday even- ing. One of the charter members reports the usual attendance as from fifteen to thirty. J. Earl Cripe was one of the first delegates to a state Y. M. C. A. Convention. In February, 1906, H. A. Studebaker and James H. Norris were sent to the Volunteer Convention at Nashville, Tennessee. Both delegates re- turned filled with inspiration and a determination to do more for their Master. After the building of the boys ' dormitory in 1906, the meetings were held in the parlors of the dormitory. The organization did not definitely affiliate itself with the Y. M. C. A. organizations of the state, but it co-operated with them and sent delegates to the conventions. For all practical purposes within the school it served the school as a Y. M. C. A. Many young men learned to ex- ercise in prayer and give talks along Christian lines in this organization. Y. W. C. B.— 1902-1910. In November, 1903, the dormitory ladies met to consider the benefits of a stronger and closer Christian union among the girls. Following some discussion a Young Women ' s Christian Band was organized with Jessie O. Harter, pres- ident; Laura Harshbarger, vice-president; Edith Brubaker, secretary; Cora M. Stotler, chorister; and Anna Hicks, bell ringer. The records do not show the number of girls in this first meeting, but by December of the same year there was a membership of thirty-nine. The Band held its weekly meetings in the parlors of the ladies ' home on Tuesday evening of each week and dis- cussed topics that tended to raise the social standards and improve the spiritual life of the members. Occasionally some member of the faculty addressed them. Devotional books were studied under the direction of the Y. W. C. A. These meetings provided opportunity for Christian development through exercise and self-expression along spiritual lines. The influence of the Y. M. and Y. W. C. B. is marked upon the school and its surroundings. Page 37] From year to year the Band sent delegates to the state Y.W.C.A. convention. Visits from traveling secretaries added much to the interest and encourage- ment of their work. Athletics 1902-1910. Manchester College did not have a gymnasium during this time. For some years a basket ball floor was provided on the second floor of College Hall. Here some of our early basket ball teams got their practice and played their games. Intercollegiate athletics were reluctantly permitted, if at all. BASKET BALL TEAM (1903-1904) In the springtime baseball and tennis were the leading games. During the years along about 1903-1904 M. C. had some excellent baseball players, and the college played several surrounding schools. Athletic interest rose and waned in proportion to the number of athletically inclined students found in the stu- dent body. Several tennis courts on the campus were used by the ladies and the men who were less inclined to the more vigorous game of baseball. A croquet ground also graced the campus, on which those who tended toward the aged and corpulent spent their superfluous energy. The campus is decorated with a few memorials left in this era. Just in front of College Hall is a stone memorial left by the Normal English and Prepara- tory class of 1904. The excitement created by the unveiling of this monument has left a lasting impression on those who witnessed the scene. Class rivalry was so keen and sharp that it came near costing the reputation, if not the heads, of the participants. In the summer time girls find this a very convenient seat while they read their letters from their parents and loved ones. The Normal English and Bible classes of 1905-1906 seemed more con- cerned for comfort and so arranged their monument more convenient for those [Pag-e 38 a hi H O H n H hi s H ! Page 39J who would while away the weary hours on a soft ( ?) seat in the campus. They left a double header seat, vulgarly known as the spoon holder, in a very conspicuous place on the campus in front of and rather between the college THE FOUNTAIN buildings. It is difficult to know whether to praise or blame this ambitious class for the temptation they placed in the way of lazy lovers. Contemporary Notes and Personals (1902-10) A College Athletic Association was formed in 1900. By December forty-five members had enrolled, and according to t he College Standard of that date was attracting attention (some of the fellows were actually learning to skin a cat). Two tennis courts were laid out and two basket ball teams were formed, also a base ball team. Some of the specialists and their specialities ; Baily runs, Markham throws, Layman Avalks, Winger swims, France makes goals, Miller falls down, Anglemyer umpires. D. 0. Cottrell preached his first sermon on Dec. 15. — College Standard,- Sept. 1901. Mr. A. J. Spacht is winning much praise and admiration as an orator. — College Standard, Feb. 1902. Prof. Book and Ikenberry have been kept busy recently in the anti-saloon fight waged before the county commissioners at Warsaw. — College Standard, Dec. 1903. Our president, Delia Wright, has shown excellent excutive ability in the past administration. ' ' - — College Standard, March 1902, Lincoln Notes. . In the course of these efforts (to raise money to pay the school debt) the school was greatly enthused by the ' Students Monumental Fund. ' The Students of the College, through an organized effort of their own, soon subscribed to this fund some thirteen hundred dollars. This act of the students will always chal- lenge the admiration of true friends of education. ' ' — College Standard, March 1902. [Page 40 Miss Cora Miller, of Charm, 0., a former student, has made a marked success as teacher of music, having studied in the Chicago School of Music, since leaving M. C. She is at present conducting a large class at Nappanee. ' ' — College Standard, Nov. 1902. Ethel Ebey and Sadie Stutsman are fast gaining reputation as public re- citers. —College Standard, Oct. 1902. Messrs. Glen Wright and Jesse Richer took leave for Indianapolis, where they will enter upon a course in dentistry. — College Standard, Oct. 6, 1902. Under the title ' Death Loves a Shining Mark ' is recorded the death of Delia M. Wright, daughter of Eld. and Mrs. John Wright. She died the 12th. of Sept. from the effects of severe burns. Delia was a splendid girl and had many friends. ' ' — College Standard, Sept. 1902. S. S. Gump, Jessie Anglemyer, and Mattie Cunningham are working on the third year of the three years ' Bible term. — College Standard, Sept. 1902. S. P. Early who graduated Bachelor of Arts, class ' 02, and Miss Emma Wine, New Carlisle, Ohio, were united in the holy bonds of matrimony, Aug. 27. — College Standard, Sept. 1902. Proper exercise helps to preserve the peach blossom on the student ' s cheek and contributes much to efficient study. — College Standard, Sept. 1902. Geo. F. Culler and Lelia Miller were united in matrimony in August. They spent a number of terms in Manchester College, making a fine record in their work. Mr. and Mrs. Culler are talented and deserve success. — College Stand- ard, Sept. 1902. Jerome Isenbarger and Florence Hoover were married in July. Both were former students and held in high esteem. Mr. Isenbarger is principal of the Laketon high school. We predict success for him. — College Standard, Sep- tember, 1902. Mr. E. E. Dessenberg, ' 04, is winning applause as a soloist. — College Stan- dard, Dec. 1903. Eld. A. H. Puterbaugh dies at his home, Feb. 28, 1903. — His last words were : ' Sunshine, sunshine, Oh ! give me sunshine. ' ' ' — College Standard, Jan. 1904. Just a few months before Eld. Puterbaugh had given the dedicatory address at Manchester College. W. I. T. Hoover seems pleased with his classes. Besides a class of twenty in General History, there is a class in College Ancient History. — College Standard, Sept. 1902. Otho Winger and wife visited friends around the College. Mr. Winger is making a fine record in his work at Indiana University, Bloomington, Indi- ana. — College Standard, Jan. 1903. Professor W. I. T. Hoover ' s chapel address, ' Important Matters in Student Life, ' was pointed, practical and helpful. — College Standard, Jan. 1903. Pag-e 41] The expenses are nominal : Enrollment fee $1.00 Furnished room, per week 50 Fuel, per Aveek 30 Board, per week in club 1.90 Board, per meal 10 —College Standard, Nov. 1903. it. ' ' Oratorical Prize by Lincoln Society given March 26th, won by Wm. Wert enbaker. — College Standard, April 1904. Bible Society Program for Jan. 15, 1904: Reading — Palestine- — Mrs. T. S. Moherman. • Essay — Christian Responsibility — Josie Powell. Memory Scriptures — Psalm 1 — W. Wertenbaker. Quartette — Can a Boy Forget His Mother? Recitation — Bear Ye One Anothers Burdens — Mrs. Lavina Brower. Reading — Put to Good Use What You Have — Mrs. Emma Garver. Essay — The World for Christ — Mrs. Emma Bowman. College Standard, Jan. 1904. i i I : The (Adelphian) society was honored Jan. 16th. by the presence of Rev. E. M. Cobb, a former Adelphian, who gave us some of his experiences, when on the island Malta. — College Standard, Jan. 1904. The Chapel and Bible Room are now lighted by electricity. The improve- ment meets another long felt want, - — College Standard, Jan. 1904. H. H. Petry died Oct, 16, 1904. He was much loved and his death cast a shadow of glooom upon the College. He was on his fifth year as a student in M. C. — College Standard, Oct. 1904. Married: Clarence Bowman of So. Bend, Ind., and Miss Sylvia Toney of Walton, Oct. 18, 1904. —College Standard, Oct. 1904. ' ' Married : Miss Wilma Burkett and Mr. J. A. Spracht, by W. I. T. Hoover. Aug. 31, 1904, Mr. S. B. Haugh and Miss Laura E. Harshberger. Also in August, Mr. Wm. Wertenbaker and Miss Sara Horning. College Standard, Sept, 1904. Geo. E. Hamilton, Honored. ' All the journals have been throwing bouquets at a student of Manchester College who has been awarded the first Indiana Rhodes Scholarship in Oxford University. ' ' It will be remembered that this noble young man has worked his way through college. In Manchester College, Mr. Hamilton was first in the class room, first in the literary societies, and first in the hearts of his teachers. — College Standard, Sept. 1904. Miss Gladys Dickey has the gift of entertaining with the violin. We are ex- pecting more in the future. — College Standard, Oct, 1905. [Page 42 ' ' Joshua Werking ' 04 after graduating took up his abode at Woodland, Mich., where he moved and won the heart of Miss Effie Early, one of our high- ly esteemed students. Joshua and his bride have located at North Manchester, Ind., Mrs. Werking taking work in the Bible Department. Mr. Werking is a skillful mechanic. — College Standard, - Sept. 1905. Two of our Lincolns, Mr. Jas. Newcomer and Miss Nannie Byer spent Thanksgiving day at Huntington. — College Standard, Dec. 1905. Heaven ' s Sunbeams. A kindly word, a kindly way May heal a broken heart A loving smile, a word of cheer May make some woe depart. A little flower, a loving deed Unto a brother given May change a life of bitter woe May save a soul for heaven. Mary C. Stoner. —College Standard, May 1906. R. C. Cottrell recently gave come well defined facial expression out-lines with crayon, displaying different types of humanity. — College Standard, Feb. 1906. An essay read by Nettie Culler on the subject of ' Bubbles ' was appreciated by all and perhaps you would enjoy a few quotations from it. ' A bubble has an existence of but one moment ' s duration. It appears on the scene of action, grows to maturity, and bursts. - — College Standard, Mar. 1906. 1 1 - : D. L. Stoner enjoyed the reunion on July 18 and added much to the occa- sion by his excellent address, ' ' Our Possibilities in Manchester College. ' ' — Col- lege Standard, Aug. 1907. Our chorister H. A. Studebaker deserves the commendation of all music lovers for the music that he has been furnishing the society ; solos, quartettes, duets. (Eodgers Sisters) etc. — College Standard, May 1906. Prof. Winger: Going to Band to-night, Clarence? Smith : I am sorry that one of the valves in my cornet does not work and 1 cannot get it fixed until Christmas. ' ' Prof. Winger: Oh, I mean the Y. M. C. B. Smith (later) : I don ' t see why he didn ' t say Christian Band right away so I might know what he meant. Lincoln Orators: Stoner, Studebaker, Shively, Boone, Hankins, and Culler. We are glad to add Chas. Ronk to our list of debaters. — College Standard, Oct, 1906. Miss Kathryn Porter conducted the music for the summer term and did the work very creditably. — College Standard, Aug. 1907. Page 43] Harvey L. Hartsough, known as the philosopher of class 1904, having closed his third year teaching, is again with us taking work in the Bible De- partment. — College Standard, April 1907. Otho Winger, superintendent of schools, at Hope, Ind., has been elected to take the chair of History and Education the coming year. With three years in Manchester College, and graduation (A. B.) from the University of Indiana, together with a number of years of experience as Superintendent and Instruc- tor, Prof. Winger comes to this position well prepared to fill the place. He will receive the degree Master of Arts from Indiana University next June. — Col- lege Standard, April 1907. A SUMMER REUNION One of the Social Events of Each Season After a brief illness, on July 24, 1905, Norena (Paulus) was called up higher where she will enter school under the Great Teacher. Manchester College remembers how faithful and true she was, loved by all for her beautiful and sincere life. - — College Standard, Sept. 1905. Many families have desired to locate near Manchester College, but on ac- count of distance to public school have been somewhat deterred from coming. The hindrance has now been removed since the Model Training School has been opened up at the College. — Bulletin, February 1908. Prof. P. B. Fitzwater, Principal of the Bible Department, preached the opening sermon of the new school year, Sept. 20th, his subject being, ' A Young [Page 44 Man in College, ' based upon the experience of Daniel. It was an excellent dis- course. — M. C. Bulletin, Oct. 1908. Prof. Winger ' s History Classes show an increasing interest. — M. C. Bul- letin. Dec. 1908. Jtenoo of (Eljurri! ©umersfjip attb (Emttrol Administrative History (1910-1920). Beginning with June 1, 1910, until the present time Manchester College has been under the direct control of the trustee body. They elect the officers of the school and hire the teachers. In their name all money is raised and all property is held. Since most of the trustees are not school men and live quite a distance from Manchester College, they select an executive board to conduct the school in harmony with the policies outlined by said board. The first board elected by the trustees to direct the work of the institution under the new plan consisted of E. C. Bixler, of Elizabethtown, Pennsylvania, who was elected president of the school; Otho Winger, vice-president ; L. D. Ik enberry, secre- tary; and J. D. Mishler, treasurer. This board was instructed to arrange for a faculty for the nexx year. The year 1910-11 may be considered another year of transition. It became necessary for the trustees now to assume many of the duties form- erly perfomed by the board leasing the school. The minutes of the Trustee Board meetings show an immense amount of business transacted. The new president had thrust upon him a doubly hard task. He came into an entirely new environ- ment and came at a time when the school was undergoing an important change in its adminis- pres. e. c. bixi .r, (i9io-ii) tration. Vice-president Winger was a valuable assistant to the new president. The Executive Board as organized for 1910-1911 remained only one year. The next year Otho Winger, who had been vice-president during 1910-1911, was elected to the presidency. Prof. Winger came to Manchester College from Grant County, Indiana, about 1898, a rugged, energetic, though somewhat un- couth country lad, to take a Bible course, but soon felt the need of further pre- paratory work and entered on his literary career with a capacity and vigor that made his college mates prophesy that he would some day be president of the college. From here he went to Indiana University, Avhere he took his A. B. and A. M. degrees. His work in the University was done between the years 1901 and 1907, during which time he also taught and served as superintendent of schools at Sweetzer and Hope, Indiana. He came to Manchester College in the fall of 1907 as Professor of History and Education. The next year he was elected to the chair of History and Philsophy, which position he held when elected to the presidency in 1911. Page 45] Prof. Winger had always taken a very active interest in all the activities of the church and was widely known and highly respected among the congrega- tions to which Manchester College belongs. This asset served him well in his new position. Under his presidency Manchester College has enjoyed a steady growth. With Pres. Winger on the Executive Board were associated L. D. Ikenberry, secretary, D. B. Garber, treasurer, and G. L. Studebaker, business manager and field representative. The Board remained un- changed for two years when Elder Manly Deeter took the place of G. L. Studebaker. This board continued in office until 1917. A reorganization then resulted in Otho Winger being elected pres- ident; J. L. Cunningham, secretary, L. D. Ikenberry, treasurer ; and G. A. Sni- der, field representative. In the fall of 1919 V. P. Schwalm was elected as an advisory member of the Ex- ecutive Board. Under the able leader- ship of Pres. Winger and his associates, especially Prof. L. D. Ikenberry, who has so long managed the fi- nances of the institution, Manchester College has made substantial growth in students, in financial stand- ing, in courses offered, in PRES. OTHO WINGER (19H-1920) bllildhlgS, aild ill the COI1- confidence and support of its constituency. In fact every department of the school has been materiallv strengthened. ■• ' The student body has rapidly increased so that the annual enrollment for 1919-1920 will exceed six hundred. One of the most hopeful features of the in- creased attendance is the fact that the most advanced courses have the largest enrollment of students. In past years there were times when the students grad- uating from one year courses composed the larger share of the graduating classes, but now the students in the Liberal Arts, Normal, Academic, and other advanced courses compose the majority of the graduates. [Page 46 As the school has grown larger it has seemed best to separate departments and divide administrative duties. Accordingly, in 1916 a Principal of the Academy Department was selected, whose duty it was to supervise the work of this department. Prof. L. W. Schultz was first elected to this position and has held it for four years. Under his direction the work in the Academy has been raised to a very high standard. Three teachers give full time and several advanced college students teach one and two classes each, in the department. During the last year an Assembly Room and an Office have been provided for the Academics in the Science Building. Over one hundred names were counted among the list of students for 1919-1920. In 1918 a further division of labor was provided for in the election of a Dean, whose duty it became to supervise in a general way the educational work of the College of Liberal Arts, to enroll and supervise the teaching in this depart- ment, and in consultation with the president to plan the schedule of courses to be offered. V. F. Schwalm has held this office since its creation in 1918. Manchester College Avas accredited in Indiana for classes A , B , and C normal work duuring the presidency of Prof. E. M. Crouch. Since then the school has been re-accredited and still has this standing. During the summer of 1919 it also was accredited as one of the schools to prepare teachers as provided by the Vesey school law of the same year. According to this plan Manchester College offers a two-year Provisional Certificate Course for common school teachers and a four-year Provisional Certificate Course for High School teach- ers for the state of Indiana. The work done in the Manchester Normal has also been recognized by the Ohio School authorities and for some time many teachers from that State have received Normal training in Manchester College. The School is now prepared to train teachers in the one-year course, which permits them to teach in the Elementary grades for one year without examination; the two-year ' s course which leads to a Provisional Certificate for teaching in the Elementary grades; and the four year ' s course which leads to the High School Provi- sional Certificate. Endowment. There had been some talk about an endowment for Manchester College even before its founding, and this had continued throughout its entire career. But not much substantial work along this line had been done until within the last nine or ten years. Soon after Prof. Winger became president, we note articles in the college bulletins discussing the need of an endowment. The reasons for an endowment were presented and illustrations were given of the benefits realized by other schools that were well endowed. An endowment of $100,000 was called for during the first years. Various ways Avere suggested by Avhich the consti- tuents might remember the school — through cash gifts, pledges, annuities, etc. Elder G. L. Studebaker Avas Field Representative from 1907 till 1913 and did some excellent Avork in arousing sentiment for an endoAvment for the college. He Avas an enthusiastic believer in greater Manchester College and raised some funds for the college. Page 47] ELD. GEO ST¥BEBAKEE Soon, however, it became evident that $100,000 was only a beginning, and then there began to be a call for an endowment of $200,000 as a necessary amount for the standardization of the college according to the regulation of State Educational authorities. Elder Manly Deeter succeeded Elder G. L. Studebaker as Field Representative and did some valuable work in soliciting for the school both for en- dowment and for buildings. He served in this capacity from 1913 to 1917. During all this time Pres. Winger was doing an incredible amount of work in this as well as in every other way to help in the work. Whenever he could spare an odd moment, he took the field and canvassed for funds. Since 1917 G. A. Snider has been Field Rep- resentative. He, too, did very valuable work among many churches in raising funds and cre- ating sentiment favorable to the college. Dur- ing 1919 Elder J. W. Norris was employed by the college as Evangelist and Field Worker. Since that time he has been giving his time to preaching and canvassing as representative of the College. Various workers gave valuable assistance in this work of raising funds, such as A. D. Helser, Leo H. Miller, Russel Wenger, J. L. Cunningham, Lee Roy Smith, William Hatcher, and others. At last the goal seemed reached and the State Board was notified. In the spring of 1919 representatives from the board visited the school and expressed their approval of the work. On June 14, 1919, the State Board passed the resolution which recognized Man- chester College as a standard college. To no one is more credit due than Pres. Winger, who through all kinds of difficulties per- sisted undaunted against indifference and unbelief until the necessary funds were secured. , But no sooner was this goal reached than other ideals appeared. Instead of having fin- ished the work, a new standard is raised and now Manchester College is looking forward to bigger things in the future. G-. A. SNIDER Fres. Board of Trustees and Solicitor Buildings. Manchester College came into the possession of the Church of the Brethren with only one large building on a campus of ten acres. This was what has been [Page 48 called. Bumgardner Hall or College Hall. During the fall and winter of 1895- 1896 the Bible School Building was built. Under the leadership of the Young Brothers there was also erected the Ladies ' Dormitory during 1898. A central heating plant was installed in 1905. No more buildings were added until the summer of 1906, when the large Men ' s Dormitory was erected. This is a large substantial brick building just west of the Bible School Building, having three floors, and consisting of about THE GYMNASIUM forty-eight rooms for students, besides parlors, bathrooms, etc. Much credit is due Prof. Crouch for this excellent building. Intercollegiate athletics have not been much encouraged at Manchester Collge, but healthful exercise has always been encouraged. A gymnasium was much needed; so in the fall of 1911 the students and faculty of the college decided to construct a temporary gymnasium. Several hundred dollars were pledged by them. Then school was dismissed for a day, and all worked at some task, turning the proceeds of their labor to the ' ' gym fund. Much of the car- penter work was done by students. A frame building was thus constructed which at least in part met the demands of the athletes. This building has since been enlarged, with a spacious stage and dressing rooms on either side. It is now often used for an auditorium. About seven or eight hundred people can be accommodated in this building. The next building to be added to the list was the heating plant. This is lo- cated due north of the Bible School and gymnasium, and was built in the sum- mer and fall of 1913. It is modern and well constructed, and is forty by fifty feet with a smoke stack eighty-five feet high. Two large boileis of 125 horse- power each produce enough steam to heat the whole college plant. The coal bin holds several car loads of coal. During the summer of 1915 the class of 1914 built the green-house seen on the campus between the Science Hall and the Heating Plant. It is a splendid memorial left by the class, and is of value to the Department of Biological Sciences. Page 49] In the same year the Science Hall was erected. It is a four story building fifty by seventy feet and is built of brick. On the basement floor are the chem- THE GREENHOUSE ical and agricultural laboratories. On the first floor are the domestic science, physics and biology laboratories. On the second floor are four large, well lighted SCIENCE HALL and ventilated class rooms. The Academy Assembly now occupies two of these [Page 50 rooms. On the third floor is located the Art Room and Museum. This is a very useful building. The last building added to the list was the addition to the Ladies ' Home. The whole building was reconstructed and a very large addition put on the south side, practically doubling the number of rooms for girls and greatly enlarging THE LADIES ' DORMITORY and improving the dining hall. It is, from all appearances, the most attractive building on the grounds. During the winter of 1918 19 it was an- nounced at the col- lege that a certain brother and sister who wished to with- hold their names had donated suffici- ent money to the col- lege to buy and put into perfect repair the large house one south of the chapel for e frame block college hospi- tal. The house was purchased, painted and equipped for its new function. During the last year the hospital served the college in an excellent way, during both the influenza and the small-pox epidemics. The modesty and generosity of these donors should be Page 51] , THE HOSPITAL an example to provoke others to similar good works. Mrs. Edward Kintner was the first patient in the hospital. The Mission Chapel in West Manchester, the building of which is described on another page, was dedicated on Feb. 2, 1919. It, too, is the property of the col- lege, and is a real monument to those who made possible a blessing to the folks in West Manchester. It also provides opportunity for the students of the col- lege to do some practical Christian work. For the summer of 1920, during the twenty-fifth year of the history of the school, there will be added to this list of buildings a large administrative HP ¥ ' ' J- — ' •-•?•«-- I 1 I 1 • j M THE MISSION CHAPEL building. This building is to be built between the College Hall and the Bible School Building and is to connect these. It is to be the grand central building of the institution and will contain offices, an enlarged chapel and library, class rooms and laboratories, and literary society halls. This building is not only wanted, but is needed for the increased number of students that overcrowd the present plant. Miscellaneous. One other achievement of the presidency of Otho Winger, which is perhaps largely to his credit, is the enlarging of the constituency of Manchester College by getting two more state districts to elect trustees to Manchester College. These are Northeastern Ohio and Michigan. Both of these districts selected trustees during 1916. This greatly enlarges the opportunity of the college, but at the same time also enlarges the responsibility of the school. Elder George F. Culler was trustee from Michigan from 1916 to 1919, when [Page 52 Elder Edson Ulrey succeeded him. Elder George Strausbaugh has been the only trustee from Northeastern Ohio. He has held this position since 1916. In 1913 Manchester College announced for the first time an affiliation with Bethany Bible School, by which arrangement students in either school can receive credit for work done in the other school under certain specified con- ditions. A student may so choose his work that he can finish the Liberal Arts and Seminary courses in six years. A large number of students have taken advantage of this opportunity, and both schools have found it a helpful arrangement. A very close relationship has existed between the student bodies and faculties of both institutions, and each year many Manchester College students are found at Bethany and vice versa. Brief Sketches of the Faculty (1919-1920) Due to the fact that many members of the faculty were continuously con- nected with the school throughout this and part of the previous period it has seemed best to speak of them all in the same connection. A number of changes took place in the faculty during the years. Only those who filled some import- ant position or remained for some time can be noted in these sketches. M. M. Sherrick was a teacher in Manchester College from 1898 to 1900 and form 1904 to 1906. During the year 1899-1900 he was Vice President of the College. As a teacher, he had charge of the department of German and Educa- tion. He has since been connected with Mt. Morris College where he holds a prominent place in the faculty. His students remember his courses with pleas- ure and profit. E. B. Hoff was for two years teacher in the Bible school of Manchester College, 1899-1901. Prof. Hoff was also a member of the Trustee Board for a few years. His ability as a student and teacher of the Bible is unquestioned. His connection with Bethany Bible School of recent years has given him a place of large usefulness in the church. When President Albaugh resigned in 1900 the trustees of Manchester Col- lege were perplexed with the problem of finding a successor. After careful consideration they called on the President of Daleville College in Virginia to act as chairman of the faculty for a year. This was Prof. L. D. Ikenberry. Prof. Ikenberry had but little ambition to be a president but he reluctantly consent- ed to act as chairman for a year. Since that time he has been a member of the Executive Board. Besides teaching in the Mathematics department Prof. Iken- berry has been the Treasurer of the school for most of this time. He moves quietly about the place and in a very unostentatious way provides for the material needs of the school. He is remembered and respected by thousands of students. He holds office in the city council and is held in high esteem by his fellow townsmen. During the same year Prof. I. B. Book came to join the Manchester College faculty. He was a graduate of Juniata College and unmarried then. He was Professor of Literature and Modern Languages for many years. He was a member of the Executive Board during his entire stay at Manchester College. Prof. Book, too, held a high place in the hearts of many students and friends Page 53] of the institution. He was ever ready to befriend a student in need. He left the school room for the farm in 1914 and now devotes his energy to farming and church work. He is prominent in the church work in his district. For several years Dr. G. L. Shoemaker was connected with the faculty as Professor of Physiology and Hygiene. Professional duties crowded out the class work and Dr. Shoemaker discontinued with the College. During the years from 1899-1904, Prof. T. S. Moherman was teacher in the Bible Department, and for part of this time he was Head of the Department. He was a practical and inspiring teacher. He is now President of Daleville College. From 1901-1904 W. I. T. Hoover was a member of the faculty, as teacher of Bistory and Science. From 1904-1906 he was Professor of History and Philos- ophy. Prof. Hoover is well known in the Brotherhood. He was a popular and inspiring teacher. Popular among the teachers of the Commercial and Penmanship departments was O. D. Foster. As an artist with the pen Prof. Foster had few equals. He took his A. B. from Manchester College in 1906. He later took advanced degrees at Oberlin and Yale. He now holds a prominent position as supervisor of Theological Seminaries in connection with the Inter-Church-World Move- ment. Prof. C. S. Ikenberry was Professor of Vocal music from 1899-1902. He was a popular teacher and has since been a prominent member of the faculty of Daleville College. D. O. Cottrell, one of the early graduates, was assistant Pro- fessor in Science and Latin. His name often appears in the early literature of the school. His articles and talks elicited much favorable comment, especially his articles growing out of his advanced Latin study. Samuel Borough, a graduate from Manchester College, was the efficient head of the Commercial Department from 1804-1910. Under his direction the department grew and graduated a number of students who afterwards filled prominent com- mercial positions. In 1905 Prof. P. B. Fitzwater began his work as Head of the Bible Department. He occu- pied this place until 1911. During this time the Bible Department was very popular. Prof. Fitzwater, with his logical mind and forceful personality, so impressed his students that they never forgot the les- sons he so vividly presented. Many of the students who took Avork in this department during Prof. Fitzwater ' s stay, look back with genuine pleasure to the hours spent in the old Bible room. Prof. Fitzwater was also known as a preacher of power and he did much preach - ins: during his stay at Manchester College. He now holds a responsible position in Moody Bible Institute. [Page 54 DR. P. B. FITZWATER Since the fall of 1907, Otho Winger has been a member of the Manchester College faculty. Much is said of his achievements elsewhere. Prof. Winger ' s work in the classroom is unusually strong. It shows marvelous funds of infor- mation, clear insight and an enthusiasm that is contagious. Very few teachers are his equal in the mastery of detail, in forceful presentation and in the im- parting of inspiration. In 1908 Prof. M. L. Sandifur became head of the department of Education in Manchester College. He held this position until 1916. Prof. Sandifur was a very interesting and popular teacher. His work was very practical and thus helpful to the many teachers who came under his instruction. Prof. Sandifur was an excellent musician and he contributed liberally to the musical programs of the College. In 1907 Miss Sadie Stutsman became a member of the faculty of Manchester College. She has been on the faculty since that time save for a few short inter- vals when she was on leave of absence for advanced work. Miss Stutsman is gifted in several lines — in Art, in Music, and Expression. She has been teacher AN ART CLASS of Expression for a number of years and under her direction some unusually fine work has been done. As an artist Miss Stutsman has shown us much abil- ity. As a leader of song, she has no equals. She has rendered excellent service to Manchester College which shall not soon be forgotten by her many students and admirers. Walter S. Long was Professor of Science from 1909-1911. He was a quiet but conscientious man. He is now teaching in a prominent University in Kan- sas. In 1910 M.E. Studebaker became Head of the Commercial Department. Prof. Studebaker was an enthusiastic promoter of this work. Under his direction the Commercial Department reached a high standard. Many strong stuudents were graduated and secured excellent positions. Advanced courses were offered and an excellent grade of work was required by the Department. Prof. Studebaker Page 55] has since held lucrative and prominent positions in Pittsburgh High School and in the Indiana State Normal at Muncie, where he is now located. Mention should be made here again of the work of E. M. Crouch who taught in Manchester College from 1895 until 1910. Prof. Crouch was an able, o Eh W VI Hi o Hi H o  S S o o inspiring teacher of the languages. His duties as President limited the amount of teaching he could do, but the work he did was well received. He is perhaps best remembered for some of his chapel talks. His ability along this line was quite marked. In 1911 Prof. S. S. Blough became Head of the Bible department, Prof. Blough held this position for seven years. He was prominent in the local church and in the District while in the school. He was a member of the District Mission [Page 56 Board during his time here. Prof. Blough is now pastor of the church of Astoria, 111. Miss Julia Wilkie became Professor of Ancient and Modern Languages in Manchester College in 1911 and held this position until 1916. Miss Wilkie per- haps has the distinction of having been the best informed woman teacher Manchester College has ever had. She was a prodigious reader and remembered what she read. She demanded work from her students and got it. Woe to the slackers! Miss Wilkie is remembered by her students for the very thorough work which she did and demanded from them. She has since won distinc- tion in educational circles. Chas. Leckrone, a former student of Manchester College became Professor of Latin and Mathematics in Manchester College in 1913. He had done considerable work in various Universities and had taught for a number of years, notably in the St. Louis High School, and then returned to Manchester College. He was a thorough scholar and a man of pleasing personality. He resigned in 1917 and took a position in the Chicago High School. When Prof. Winger became president of Manchester College, he started on the policy of building up a faculty of graduates of Manchester College, who would know the school, be interested and willing to sacrifice for its welfare because it was their Alma Mater as Avell as their church school. He has at least partially succeeded in this policy, as we shall see. The first eleven names following, belong to the list of M. C. graduates who have been returned to the faculty of their Alma Mater. Prof. Kintner was one of the graduates of the school who returned and joined the faculty in 1911. Prof. Kintner ' s record as a student was to be mar- velled at and his record as a teacher is no less so. His genial, sunny disposition, his inexhaustable fund of information and his genuine Christian character have given him a place of respect among all his students. He has been Professor of Chemistry and Physics but has also taught about all the other sciences during some time or other. The department of Chemistry has under his direc- tion made a record that speaks well for his work. He has been on the faculty continously since 1911. H. A. Studebaker, a graduate of the class of 1912, also did some teaching in the Academic department of Manchester College and was known as a forceful and interesting teacher. He is now pastor of the First Congregational Church in Sterling, Illinois. In 1911 Mrs. Cora Miller Stahley became Director of Music, a place which she has held since that time. Under her direction and due to her tireless energy the Music department has grown and has done much practical work among the churches. For a number of years Mrs. Stahley has given an Oratoria which represented much work and skill. She has the unique ability of winning her students ' affection and getting from them their best efforts. Prof. V. F. Schwann has been a M. C. faculty member since 1911. He received the A. B. Degree from this institution in 1913 and the A. M. degree from Chi- cago University in 1916. He has been Prof, of History and Political Science since 1913 and Dean of the College of Liberal Arts since 1918. During these Page 57] years of study and teaching he has proved himself to be a man of brain and vision. Prof. Schwalm has made a host of friends from his association and splendid work in the class room. As Dean of the College he is doing all within his power to make Manchester College a bigger and a better school. — (Written by L. W. Schultz). In 1916 Lawrence W. Schultz became the Principal of the Academic Depart- ment of Manchester College. Prof. Schultz was a graduate from Manchester College with the class of 1914. For two years he was Superintendent of the Lancaster Township High School in Huntington County, Indiana. Prof. Schultz made an enviable record as student, teacher and High School Superintendent. He has many warm friends among his students and has done a noble work for the Academic Department of the school since his connection with it. He is respected for his sincere Christian character, and his willingness to render un- selfish service. In 1915 Prof. I. J. Sollenberger, a graduate of Manchester College joined the faculty. He was a diligent and earnest student and a conscientious teacher of the Sciences. He has done much advanced work at Ohio State University where he is at this writing pursuing a post graduate course. J. W. Leonard became Prof, of German and French in 1916 and held this position for two years when he entered the service of Uncle Sam. He was an interesting teacher who secured a high grade of work from his students. He is now teacher in the Louisville, Kentucky, schools. Mr. 0. W. Stine followed M. E. Studebaker as Principal of the Commercial Department and he in turn was followed by Mrs. Orpha Workman Keever, who for several years directed the Stenographic work very acceptably. In 1919 Prof. W. W. Peters became Head of the Department of Education and has alreadj given evidence of great ability as an organizer and teacher. Profs. Russel Wenger and C. A. Wright were the directors of the Bible de- partment during the year 1919- 1920. Under their leadership the Bible classes are taking on new life and interest. H. S. Hippensteel formerly from North Manchester but later from a Normal school in Wisconsin, gave up a very lucrative position to come to Manchester College as teacher of English in the spring of 1916. He had been here only a few weeks when he was attacked by appendicitis and died from its effects. He had been here long enough, however, to endear himself to the students. Manchester College suffered a great loss in his death. Prof. J. E. McMullen became Professor of English and Education in 1916 and held this position for three years. He was an admirable Christian man, who had written a book on Literary Analysis and understood his subject very well. Dr. D. C. Reber, former President of Elizabethtown College became Pro- fessor of Education and Languages in 1918. He is a very thorough, conscien- tious student. He loves and believes in his work. He is also Librarian of the College. A. R. Eikenberry, formerly Professor of Mt. Morris became the first Head of the Agriculture department in 1918. Prof. Eikenberry ' s genial personality [Page 58 and practical teaching ability has already won for him a large place in the life of Manchester College. PROF. EIKENBERRY ' S AGRICULTURAL CLASS Miss Esther Shivery was a teacher in the country and College training school, almost continuously from 1909 to 1916 and for some time had charge of the Methods and Observation work. She was an able, conscientious Chris- tian woman. Her work with the children and Normal students was thorough and uplifting. Miss Erma Brown (Christie) Avas a popular Critic teacher in the Normal School from 1915 to 1917 and teacher of Home Economics and Methods from 1917 to 1918. Her work and influence in the school was helpful and far-reach- ing. In 1919 came Prof. J. R. Shutz as Professor of French and English who has already proved his worth as a teacher and as a man. John E. Dotterer became Prof, of Mathematics and Physics in 1919. He is an enthusiastic Mathematician and successful teacher. Others who should be mentioned are Miss Annetta Snell for several years the efficient teacher of Stenographic work. She was succeeded by Miss Orpha Workman (Keever) who has since filled this place with great credit. E. E. Barnhart, and C. G. Blough were teachers in the Commercial department. Both men were graduates of M. C. and succeeded in their teaching. Inez Sharp was piano teacher in 1916-17. Ruth Ewert (Krieghbaum) was a very pleasing and successful teacher of piano from 1917 to 1919. Margaret Delk, a graduate from the College with the class of 1918 has since then had charge of the de- partment of Home Economics. The department has prospered under her direc- tion. Daniel Boyer and Bertha Neff began their work as teachers of voice and piano respectively, in 1919. Both are doing successful teaching. Elsie Miller has, for the years 1918-1920, been the efficient teacher of Latin and History in the Academy. Page 59] Mr. R. A. Adams joined the Academy faculty in 1919. His long experience in High School teaching has prepared him well for the work he is now doing. A HOME ECONOMICS CLASS 1910-1920 LITERARY, RELIGIOUS, SOCIAL AND ATHLETIC ACTIVITIES. Literary Organizations. The Adelphian and Lincoln Literary Societies continued much the same line of activity for a few years after the period described above. The membership changed with the years but there were no fundamental changes in organization or plan of conducting the societies. As the school grew, and especially as the Liberal Arts department increased, the membership of the societies became so large that many could not appear on the programs a sufficient number of times to get much benefit. Sentiment was created among the students and faculty to found a new society for the College students. Accordingly in the fall of 1912 a committee consisting of C. S. Morris, E. N. Stoner, Elgin S. Moyer, H. A. Brubaker and Florence Burkett was set to work to draw up a constitution to provide for the same. When it was completed it was found to provide for a literary society composed of students of college standing. All College students above Freshman standing were compelled to bid farewell to Lincolns and Adelphians and join the new society. The new Society was given the very high sounding name Majestica and E. N. Stoner was its first presi- dent. The new society had no hall of its own so the first meetings were held in a class room on the second floor of College Hall. The new Society gave [Pag-e 60 three private programs a month and one public program. It cannot be said that the society was a very decided success during any period of its existence. At least three reasons for this may be given. During the first few years some of the members were so attached to their former societies that they could not sever all relations but hankered after the fleshpots of Egypt. This was es- pecially true of a few who had special friends back in the old society. The new society had no hall of its own and this made a society meeting seem too much like a class session. Then, too, the society had no rival. Despite the fact that the society wasn ' t all that was expected of it, a great deal of substantial work was done during its existence. The private programs gave opportunity for those who were not used to speaking in public to get experience before smaller groups. Some very fine public programs were given. These were al- ways rendered in the College Chapel. One of the great achievements of the Majestica society was the publication of the College paper Oak Leaves. The editorial staff was selected annually by the Society and under the auspices of the Society this staff did its work. This plan continued until 1920 after the Majestica Society had been dissolved when a publication board was selected by the A arious new societies. The Ma- jestica Society also organized the first Triangular Inter-Collegiate debate with Mt. Morris and Goshen Colleges. This work was after taken over by the Civic and Oratorical League. In the meantime the Lincoln and Adelphian Societies carried on their usual work. The membership was now composed of College Freshmen, Academy stu- dents and others not of College standing. Their membership was often rather low and it was somewhat difficult to keep up the work. However, the members received excellent training by having to appear regularly on the programs that, perhaps, is not obtained when the membership is so large. For the past two years all College students have been required to join the Majestica Society. This has left these societies in complete control of those of Academic standing. They continue to meet on Saturday evening in their old halls. These halls have been improved, however, and the stages make a very impressive appearance. In the fall of 1919 the school had grown to such proportions that it became necessary to subdivide the Majestica Society into two or more societies if the best work was to be done by the students. After careful consideration and some deliberation it was decided by the faculty to recommend to the students that the Majestica Society be dissolved and that in its stead four new socie- ties be formed. There were to be two men ' s societies and two women ' s socie- ties. The student body being almost unanimously in favor of the recommen- dations, the changes suggested were made. Majestica gave her last public program December 6, 1919. A farewell program was given to all former Ma- jesticans on December 13 and she was no more. Four new societies were then formed, each with a membership of approximately fifty. The women ' s societies were named Philomathean, Philolethian, and the men ' s, Philophronian, and the Philorhetorian. The men hold their meetings on Friday evening at 6 o ' clock and the women on Thursday evening at 6 :30. The work done by these Pag-e 61] societies thus far has been of a very high order. All College students are re- quired to join one of these societies or the Bible Society. Absence or failure to serve on programs are considered as grave offenses and the members have shown a loyalty that is commendable. We shall expect great things from them in the future. In the fall of 1914 a new organization called the Civic and Oratorical League was formed. The purpose of the league was, to develop the ora- torical talent of its members, to produce interest in civic, industrial and social questions and to hold public discussions on matters of General Welfare. The new organization was to have charge of all college debates, to furnish such a part of the Majestica programs as may come under its line of work and to carry on a kind of extension work in the way of civic discussions held in communities where such arrangements can be made. R. H. Miller was its first president, Royal M. Neher, vice president; C. A. Wright, recording secretary ; W. W. Peters, corresponding secretary ; Carl W. Holl, treasurer; William Tinkle, hall manager, and M. D. Neher, usher. The league has conducted the inter-collegiate debates and held oratorical contests. For the past few years a community play of high merit has been staged in the gymnasium. In 1919 the play Kindling the Hearth Fire, was given with great success in several communities. Since 1916 the college lecture course has been under the auspices of the League. A committee is elected by the League which manages the course. The Inter-collegiate debates of most interest in connection with Manches- ter ' s history are the Triangular Contests with Mt. Morris and Goshen Col- leges. These began in 1912-13 and have been continued to the present exeept that during the war period 1917-1919 no debates were held. Each College an- nually selects two teams, a negative and an affirmative team, to discuss a question previously agreed upon by all the colleges. On a given night all six teams meet in the three colleges and during the same hour three debates on the same question are in progress. Great interest and much enthusiasm is gen- erated during these discussions. Much hard work is expended on them but the rewards to the debaters are perhaps in proportion. During the first few years Manchester lost more than her share of the debates, tho the latter few years she has been somewhat more successful. The debaters for the first year Avere Joseph Dunbar, Norris Stoner and L. W. Shultz at Mt, Morris and W. E. Boomler, W. W. Peters and V. F. Schwalm at North Manchester. R. H. Miller, G. L. Wine, Noah Shideler, I. J. Sollen- berger, Carl W. Holl, Floyd Irwin, H. F. Richards, Burton Metzler, L. J. Yoder, Carman Blough, C. A. Wright have appeared on these debates. L. J. Yoder and Carman Blough have the highest record for victories won. The team for 1919-20 consists of J. D. Bright, Lloyd Hoff, Delia Lehman, George Beiswanger, Ralph Rover and Warren Heestand. For some time oratorical efforts were somewhat on the wane about the Col- lege. After the regular oratorical contests held by the Lincolns were discon- tinued, there seemed to be no incentive to oratorical effort. Some members of the faculty feeling this need, pledged money for prizes to be distributed among [Fag-e 62 the winners. In this way new interest was revived in oratory and during the last few years annual contests were held. Other helps along this line were the state contests staged by the Peace So- cieties, the International Prohibition Association and the University Exten- sion League on governmental problems. A number of Manchester College stu- dents have participated in these contests. In 1915 Mr. C. A. Wright won the first prize in a state peace contest with an oration on The United States of the World. He then went to District Inter-State contest in which five states participated, and there won second place. It would be an encouragement to oratorical effort if someone would perma- nently endow a fund the interest of which should be an annual prize to stu- dents of promise in oratorical ability. Our church needs preachers of ability and nothing so assures us of progress and development as real effort made dur- ing college days to excel in public speaking. The class of 1913 started or perhaps revived again the annual lecture course at the College. For some years no course had been given, but the town Wo- men ' s Club had been rendering one in the town theatre. When the College Senior Class gave their course the town course was soon discontinued. For a while about half the numbers of the course were given in the town theatre. Of recent years all the numbers are given at the college. Since 1916 the Civic and Oratorical Society has managed the lecture course. Some noted lecturers have been brought to North Manchester in these courses, among them being George R. Stuart, Russell Conwell, Newell Dwight Hillis, Col. George Bain, Burns of the Mountains, Elias Day, and others. Musical programs and drama- tic readings compose a good share of the numbers. The committee of 1919-20 has arranged for next year one of the best courses yet offered at the College. Bible Society. The Bible Society continued to meet as usual and carry on its work much as before. It held its meeting in the Bible room for some years following the beginning of this period. Among its list of officers we find the following names : D. W. Paul, Gertrude Netzley, Lulu Hollar, Jesse Byerly, Mrs. Winger, Grace Potter, Charles Ronk, Bessie Kaylor, Edward Kintner, A. M. Stout, C. H. Yoder, Mary Norris, C. C. Kindy, Lillian Grisso, Elgin Moyer, Anna Grafe, L. W. Shultz, Effie Tuttle, Delia Moyer, V. F. Schwalm, Lela Moyer, G. F. Wagner, H. II. Herman, H. A. Brubaker, Elizabeth Waybright, C. A. Wright, Emma Bowman, Gertie Hire, W. W. Peters, Beulah Manahan, Floyd Irwin, Leah Wright, Ora Stine, Nettie Senger, Pearl White, Iva Brubaker, J. A. Smeltzer, D. W. Bright, Pearl Grosh, William Tinkle, Elsie Miller, Reuben Boomershine, D. D. Funderburg, R. H. Miller, Irwin Weaver, Ida Press, Moy Gwong, Cora Heestand, Delia Lehman, Fern Grosh, Floyd Mallott, Nellie Creddlebaugh, Ralph White, C. C. Cripe, W. C. Stinebaugh, Anna Huffman, W. J. Heisey, C. 0. Miller, Trade Mishler, C. H. Shamberger, Elizabeth Kint- ner, Esther Eisenbise, Evelyn Krieger, Ida Fields, Glen Moyer, Pearl Jobes, Nettie Brown, Edith Weybright, Burton Metzler, Everett Fisher, 0. A. Mote, Mrs. 0. A. Mote, G. F. Culler, Kathryn Rover, Anna Beahm, Mary Shaffer. Page S3] In the fall of 1915 because the old Bible Room was used for enlarging the library the Bible Society moved to the Chapel where its programs have since been rendered. Since the fall 1917 Manchester College has had school on Sat- urday and has had its weekly vacation on Monday. After this change was made the Bible Society gave its programs on Monday evening. During the winter of 1919-20 when the Majestica Literary Society was dissolved and the four new Philo societies were formed, the Bible Society was reorganized on a new basis. An effort was made to raise its standards on a par with the stand- ards of the College societies. The work of the society is of a high order and deserves the support of the best students in the school, especially of those who look forward to a career of Christian service at home or abroad. Literary work is required of all College students, and the work in the Bible Society is accepted on an equality with the work in the other College Societies. Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. The Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. both continued their activities much as before. Meetings were held in the parlors of the respective dormitories on Tuesday evening. Religious and social service was rendered by these organiza- tions thereby helping the students to keep up their devotional life and to make social adjustments more easily. Programs of a devotional character were interspersed with those giving suggestions to young people for the regulation of their lives in their relations with their fellowmen. Occasionally addresses were given by members of the faculty, ministers of the town churches, or visi- tors at the College. Representatives were usually sent to the state annual Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. conventions and to special conferences that were called by these organiza- tions. State workers visited the College and often brought most helpful sug- gestions for the local work. During the winter of 1919-20 physicians were sent to both the Young Men ' s and the Young Women ' s organizations by the na- tional organization to lecture on questions of eugenics. Dr. Holmes, a lady who had been a practicing physician for 18 years, gave four helpful lectures to the girls. These lecturers were sent out by the national Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. organizations as a result of their discoveries in the recent war. This instruc- tion presented at the fountain heads of our civilization ought to bear fruit in better living. Volunteer Mission Band. The Volunteer Mission Band of Manchester College has been a very potent organization in creating and directing the religious life of the school. The Band is organized on such a basis that any one may become a member who ex- pects to give his or her life in Christian service at home or on the foreign field. The Band has been large, at times numbering over a hundred. The work of the organization is two-fold. It helps students make the decision to give their life to some phase of Christian service, and having made the decision, it helps them keep true to their purpose. This is done by means of weekly programs and devotional meetings. At times mission study classes are conducted which [Pag-e 64 help create interest in foreign missions and give helpful information to pros- pective missionaries. The other type of service rendered by the Band is the deputation work. A group of students, perhaps four, prepare special programs of talks, readings and music on missionary subjects and go out among the churches to create missionary sentiment. A large number of these deputation programs have been given during the last few years. These have done a great deal to increase the interest in missions in the churches and to interest young people in the College and its work. The largest number of members in the Band during its existence was in the winter of 1916-17 when it numbered 110. The following report for the years 1915-16 throws light on the activities of the Band. Number of signed volun- teers, 47 ; of this number 20 are foreign volunteers, — Books studied, two — ' ' The Christian ' s Secret of a Happy Life, ' ' and ' ' Christian Heroism in Heathen Lands. ' ' Deputation programs rendered, twenty -two. Mission work : — homes visited, 36 ; Extension Sunday School : average attendance, forty ; Mission study class enrollment, 108; Delegate sent to state Convention of Student volunteers. Money raised for traveling secretary, $9.11. Later years show an increase in many of the above items but these are typical of the general work undertaken. The above report shows an item that refers to Sunday School work. For some years there had been some Sunday School work done in the west end of the town of North Manchester which is a factory district. On May 17, 1916, a committee of the Mission Band was authorized to rent a house for the use of the Sunday School. On March 4, 1917, a committee was appointed to con- fer with the Manchester and West Manchester Churches concerning the pur- chase or erection of a permanent building for the Mission. Permission was granted by both churches to solicit funds and A. D. Helser was given charge. Largely through his untiring personal effort and contagious zeal the necessary amount was secured. Some of the money was secured from North Manchester and com munity and the remainder from outlying churches that made dona- tions to this fund. On Feb. 2, 1919, a beautiful chapel, equipped for Sunday School and preaching services, as well as Manual Training and Sewing rooms for the children was dedicated. Sunday School is held here every Sunday aft- ernoon, followed by a short sermon by some minister of the town. On Satur- day, Sewing and Manual Training classes are conducted for the children of the district. This work is done through the Volunteer Band, and offers splendid opportunity for practical mission work. The people in the district of the Chapel have responded in a beautiful way to the service rendered them. The Chapel is now the property of the College, but the conducting of the work there is in the hands of the Mission Band. Annual State Student Volunteer Conventions are held in various colleges of the state, to which Manchester usually sends a number of delegates. A great deal of missionary information and enthusiasm is gained through these conventions. Manchester had fifty delegates at the DePauw Convention Page 85] in February of 1917. The convention for 1918 was held in North Manchester. Unfortunately on the day the convention was to assemble, the College was quarantined for supposed scarlet fever. The convention was then held in the Church on Walnut Street, On Sunday afternoon a little service was held on the street in front of the College Chapel with the visitors on one side of the street and the Manchester students on the other. Manchester College has an enviable record in the number of missionaries it has sent out. These are serving on the fields of China and India. Many more are now in preparation and will leave for their fields of service in the near future. Of those who have gone in recent years all were members of the Mis- sion Band, and received from it great help. Below are the names of the Missionaries who have been students in Man- chester College during some time in their life : In India — D. L. Forney, Anna Shull Forney, Adam Ebey, Alice King Ebey, Nora Arnold Lichty, Amos W. Ross, Stephen P. Berkebile, Nora F. Berke- bile, Ella Miller Brubaker, Josephine Powell, John I. Kaylor, Rosa Wagoner Kaylor, Anna Ebey, Dr. Laura Murphy Cottrell, Goldie Swartz, Lillian Grisso, Elizabeth Kintner, Nettie Brown. In China — Minnie Flory Bright, Minerva Metzger, Nettie Senger, Laura Shock, Elizabeth Waybright Overholtzer, Mary Schaeffer, Walter J. Heisey, Sue Rinehart Heisey, 0. C. Sollenberger, Hazel Coppock Sollenberger, Roxy Lefforge. Deceased. ■ . ' :■!, ' A PHYSICAL CULTURE CLASS [Page 66 Athletics 1910-20. Tennis continued to hold a prominent place on the College Campus in the spring and fall. Several new courts were prepared and boys and girls found it one of the most helpful kinds of recreation. Six good courts are now on the campus and all are busy during athletic hours. Croquet is still indulged in lightly by a few. Baseball received less attention because the regular school year closed too early to allow the outdoor practice necessary for baseball. The building of the gymnasium in the fall of 1912 greatly increased interest in athletics. After this time athletic directors conducted classes in physical culture for boys and girls, which provided exercise for many more students. Calisthenic drills and other kinds of exercises were provided, and sometimes public exhibitions were given. In 1913 Manchester College purchased the library and gymnasium equip- ment of the old College at Dixon, 111. Indian clubs, dumb-bells, parallel bars, mats, a spring board and a couple of horses were thus secured. Basket Ball received a great impetus with the building of the new gymna- sium. Each year there are several games by various groups from within our own College and usually several with other Colleges. Games have been played with Indiana University, Indiana Dental College, Mt. Morris, Wheaton, Wi- nona, Goshen, Huntington, and Defiance College. Manchester has made a good record in Basket Ball. The girls also have shown interest as well as skill in Basket Ball. Several public games have been played by groups of girls of our own school. Library. The library of Manchester College has been built up by a process of ac- cretion. Slowly, from various sources, books were added until a good work- able library was secured. Many good books were the gift of individual donors. In 1913 Manchester College purchased the library of Dixon College, of Dixon, 111., securing about 1200 good books. This made a rather substan- tial addition to the books already on hand. Each year a number of new books are added. Bound volumes of many of the best magazines are being collected. At present the library consists of about 5000 bound volumes. Museum. For a number of years the College has been collecting a Museum. The col- lection was formerly placed on the second floor of the Science Hall. Since the building of the Science Hall the collection has been kept on the third floor of that building. L :-- The collection already made is prized very highly and represents valuable specimens in geology, minerology, ores, fossils, marbles, corals, archaelogical specimens, marine shells, some textile fabrics, ornaments, weapons, heathen idols, and miscellaneous articles from various fields. A good beginning has Page 67] been made with a collection of mounted birds. Various friends of the College have remembered the school very kindly and have sent their contribution of specimens. The donations all bear the donor ' s name and are properly re- corded. (ttnntmpnranj Nntea nnh fferannalfi 1910-1920 A visit by Charles Morris, a former Adelphian, was paid us during the fall term, and with a heart full of grace, he addressed the society. ' ' — College Bulletin, Dec. 1910. To provide for the advanced students, classes in college history and col- lege mathematics have been maintained. Messrs. Schwalm, Shultz, Strickler, and Boyer have established new records for the amount and high character of the work done in these classes. — College Bulletin, August 1910. The Lincoln Literary Society has chosen as her next president Oscar Win- ger and as vice-president, Lofa Eikenberry. — College Bulletin, Feb. 1911. ' ' The parlor of the Young Men ' s Hall has been repapered at the expense of Brethren Coppock and Studebaker. In the last issue of the Bulletin we spoke of the lecture given free by Hon. John B. Stoll of South Bnd. From the pro- ceeds of this lecture the chapel was papered and put in an inviting condi- tion. —College Bulletin, 1911. Some wondered why President E. C. Bixler was in such a hurry to get back to Maryland so soon before the holidays. This was fully explained a little later. On Dec. 29, at New Windsor, Maryland, he was united in marriage to Miss Margaret Englar. After a wedding trip to Niagara Falls, they ar- rived at the College on Jan. 2. The next evening the faculty gave them a re- ception at the home of Prof. L. D. Ikenberry. About fifty were present and the event was a very pleasant one. President and Mrs. Bixler were presented by the faculty with a handsome silver baking dish as an expression of their best wishes. — College Bulletin, Feb. 1911. Mr. G. L. Wine has opened up a barber shop in Room No. 44, Boy ' s Dorm He solicits College patronage. ' ' — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1911. Miss Brown (at the summer reception) — I am glad to be here this even- ing. I always did want to attend a girls ' school. Mr. Hampton (a little later)— I, too, am glad to be here, for I also have wanted to attend a ladies ' school. Prof. Otho Winger Avas selected as a member of the General Mission Board of the Church of the Brethren. —College Bulletin, June 1912. Miss Stutsman (to M. D. Neher in painting class) : Here, my dear, I be- lieve you can do the rest of it now. ' ' D. E. Sites, the ' orator, ' is making things buzz in the Manual Training room during the summer Normal. — College Bulletin, June 1912. Prof. H. A. Studebaker has spent most of the summer in Southern Ohio canvassing for students. — College Bulletin, Aug. 1912. Page 69] On the evening of Aug. 14, Prof. Winger performed the marriage cere- mony for Tressa Burr and Charles Myer. • — Oak Leaves, Sept. 1913. No Excuse For the Accident. Prof. Kintner (speaking to the Chemistry class in the laboratory for the first time) : There is no danger if you exercise a reasonable amount of care. However, some accidents happen rather easily. I have seen boys sit just out here under the trees on the campus and get their arms out of place. ' ' Gladys Dickey : ' ' Why is Miss Press always late to History 1 ' ' Medford Neher: Don ' t you know we have freedom of the Press here? E. H. Miller is hard at work on his College course. He had a very flatter- ing offer to accept a good position at the opening of the year, but he decided that it was best for him to remain in school. — College Bulletin, Dec. 1913. Prof. Schwalm and Mr. Shultz conceived of a new and useful way of spending the Christmas vacation. They accepted the invitation of Elder J. W. Norris to come to Marion, Ind. Here they held meetings every night taking turns at preaching. But they did not stop at this. They went into the homes. They saw the needs here and made an appeal to their friends and to some churches to send aid. With what they received they were able to bring needed help and a joyful Christmas to many homes. They were ably assisted in this work by A. L. Sellers and Daniel Boyer. Their example should be an inspira- tion to many to do more next year. - — College Bulletin, Dec. 1913. You can go far and near, With your eyes shut and thinkin ' ; Say, fellows, isn ' t it queer, You can always find a Lincoln. ' ' —College Bulletin, Dec. 1913. Famous Sayings. Prof. Winger: After Kant all philosophers either agreed or disagreed with him. Prof. Winger: If people are going to be small, we must be big enough to balance up for them. Prof. Sandifur (talking about lodges in Sociology class) : I am a mem- ber of one lodge that is composed of five members. I am the vice-president. My wife, you understand, is the president. — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1913. In faculty meeting. Prof. Plough : ' I think that each member of the facul- ty should bring one person to the faculty program. ' Miss Wilkie, in dismay: ' Will we be compelled to bring some one? ' — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1913. When my father whipped me and said that it was to train my mind, I thought he had the poorest sense of location I ever heard of.— Evans. Mrs. Otho Winger has gone to Chicago for several months where she will take treatment for her throat. — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1913. [Pag-e 70 The Volunteer Band has increased their numbers to nineteen. The mem- bers of the Band have decided to take up the study, Jowett ' s ' Passion for Souls. ' —Oak Leaves, Oct. 1913. Shultz: Miss Dunbar, are you a typewriter? Miss Dunbar: No, but I write on one. - — Oak Leaves, April 1914. Dec. 16, the girls of the College gathered in the reception room and pre- sented Mrs. Hendricks, the matron, with a fine rug as a token of their regard for her. ' ' — Oak Leaves, Jan. 1914. Friend — Is your daughter still pursuing her studies at school? Mary Snider ' s Father — I guess so, she hasn ' t seemed to catch up with them yet. ' ' Miss Ruth Ewert spent part of her Christmas vacation in South Bend at the home of H. Lisle Kriegbaum. The boys of the Dormitory have been divided into groups of seven or eight each, and each group meets every evening for a short devotional ser- vice. — Oak Leaves, Feb. 1915. Prof. Winger has been away from the College a large part of the time dur- ing the past months, giving commencement addresses, visiting other schools, and working for Manchester College. We have heard several reports of ap- preciation from some of the schools he visited. — Oak Leaves, May 1915. Mr. Swank (in Biology) : The planaria has brains. Miss G-win : ' ' That is the first example of brains in this class that we have ever had. ' ' ' ' One of the memorable Chapel talks was the one given by Rev. Otho Mor- ris of Wabash. His subject was, Black the Heels of Your Shoes. - — Oak Leaves, Dec. 1915. ' ' Daniel Boyer and Oda Mitchell were married near Center Point, Ind., May 27, by Bro. George Hahn, of Indianapolis. The most unique wedding ever seen at Bethany Bible School took place when two couples were married. Elgin Moyer and Lela Sellers were united in marriage by A. C. Wieand as were also A. R. Coffman and Carrie Cassel. Mr. and Mrs. Moyer expect to go to China this fall. ' ' —Oak Leaves, Aug. 1916. Mr. Mote heard a noise in the hall late at night. Upon investigation he found two boys (names omitted by request) in rather violent argument. As he approached, he heard these words: You are the biggest fool I have ever seen. ' ' Mote immediately stepped forward and said: Here, sir, don ' t forget that T am present. ' ' On Thursday, Sept. 14, J. H. B. Williams, of Elgin, 111., led chapel. He told us that one of the first things a College student learns is that being is bet- ter than possessing. He also said that the greatest words in the English lan- uage are sacrifice and service. Page 71] This year we have two Chinese boys in school. Besides Moy GTwong, who was here last year, Thomas Chung, of California, is here. We as students are glad to have him here, and he seems to be enjoying his work. You may expect an article from him to appear in the Oak Leaves soon. — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1916. Man is made of dust. Dust settles. Are you a man? Have you paid for your subscription to Oak Leaves? On Aug. 6, at the home of the bride ' s parents in North Manchester oc- curred the marriage of Florence Burkett and Norris Stoner. — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1916. ' ' On Aug. 1, Bro. D. R. McFadden performed the ceremony of the marriage of C. S. Sollenberger and Cora Horst, at the home of the bride ' s parents, near Lodi, Ohio. — Oak Leaves, Oct, 1916. During commencement week it was rumored that one of the College seniors was to be married soon. In a short time invitations were received to the wed- ding of Robert Miller and Maud Reiff. They were married on the evening of June 8, by Rev. Gorman Heeter of the Church of the Brethren at Burnetts- ville, Indiana, - — Oak Leaves, Aug. 1916. Annie Keim in B chorus — There is no interval between Ray and me. We also have in school a girl from Denmark, Celesta Wine. She is a daughter of A. F. Wine, missionary there. She made the journey alone being on the Atlantic ocean eleven days. She is here to take College work which she could not get in Denmark. — Oak Leaves, Oct. 1916. Dr. McMullen: ' Why are you late to class this morning, Mr. Mummert? ' Mummert: ' Because you began before I got here. ' — Oak Leaves, Sum- mer Number 1917. Rowena Stoner and Woodford Peters were married at Ladoga, Indiana, on June 21. They will be at Tippecanoe City, Ohio, where Mr. Peters is Town- ship Supervisor. ' ' — Oak Leaves, Summer Number 1917. Galen Kintner: Father, how did the whale come to swallow Jonah? Prof. Kintner: I guess Jonah was fishing for inside information. i Eva Shepfer and H. Spencer Minnich were married at the bride ' s home on June 2. Deane Dunbar and Roger Winger were married June 2, at the home of Mr. and Mrs. V. F. Schwalm. They are spending the summer at Bethany Bible School. — Oak Leaves, Summer Number 1917. Anna Ikenberry and Joseph Dunbar were married at the home of the bride ' s parents, Prof. Ikenberry and wife, on June 10. They are spending the summer on a farm near Darlington, Ind. — Oak Leaves, Summer Number 1917. Some girl: Oh, sugar. Mr. Beahm: Don ' t use such extravagant cuss words. [Pagre 72 Professors Leonard and Ewert chaperoned a bunch of youngsters to Markle, Sunday, Oct. 14. Mr. George has entertained Miss Fish quite frequently of late, and he says he expects another visit soon. — Oak Leaves, Nov. 1917. The reports of the terrible things that are happening in the battle fields of Europe, and the fact that the Y. M. C. A. seems to be the only means of im- proving this critical condition made the students and faculty of Manchester College realize there was great necessity of giving this organization their sup- port. This was manifested by the spirit in which about $1300 was contrib- uted to the Y. M. C. A. to carry on the work. — Oak Leaves, Nov. 1917. Mr. Stoner: The ladies ' quartet was made up of women. Prof. Winger spent considerable of last month working for endowment. We are glad to report that he is having good success. A. F. Wine visited with Celesta and Roscoe a short time and preached at the city church one Sunday evening. — Oak Leaves, Dec. 1917. Dr. Winger : ' ' What is the meaning of Anthropormorphous ? ' ' Mr. Helser: Well, anthropos means little animals; so it means the form of little animals. Dr. Winger: That was a heroic guess but a magnificent mistake. Prof. Kintner has been smiling the last few days. No wonder, — he has a tiny baby boy at his home. Congratulations, Prof. ! ' ' —Oak Leaves, Oct. 1917. Miss Stoner : I ' d like to cook for you. Mr. Rhodes: That ' s rather sudden. Our new Professors, Reber and Eikenberry, are here and are hard at work. Prof. Eikenberry is teaching Agricultue. ' ' — Oak Leaves, Aug. 1918. Messrs. Helser and Ulery attended the Y. M. C. A. conference at Lake Geneva. — Oak Leaves, Aug. 1918. The following announcement appeared on the bulletin board : ' ' Will the person who took Hazen ' s ' Europe ' since 1815 from the library, please return it at once? Mr. Shamberger closed his talk on table etiquette by saying, ' Don ' t use your bread for a mop. ' — Oak Leaves, March 1919. I love its gentle gurgle, I love its placid flow, I love to wind my mouth up And listen to it go. — Forbes Norris. Page 73] Having seen the beginning and something of the growth of the institution, a brief summary of the items of interest about the College in 1920 will per- haps be interesting. The facts here presented will be impressed by looking over the remainder of this book, which is a synopsis of the activities of the year just closed. In 1919-1920 Manchester College offered at least ten distinct courses. There was a faculty consisting of eighteen well trained teachers who taught courses of College rank ; three regular teachers gave full time to the Academy depart- ment while four assistant teachers gave part time ; besides these there were nine special teachers for various kinds of work. The total number of students for the year 1919-1920 was 613. Of this number 236 were students pursuing College Courses. k The school now has buildings valued at $165,000, equipment at $25,300, and a campus valued at $20,000, making a total of $206,300. The school has a productive endowment of nearly $200,000. From a campus with one building the College has grown so that it now has on its campus seven large buildings. Workmen are now at work on the build- ing which is to be the largest and best on the campus. Friends of the school feel that its future is assured. From far and near new friends are rising. Manchester College is now in a position to render a great service to the church and to humanity. The Greater Manchester College of which men have been dreaming is becoming a reality. Greater days are yet to come. [Page 74 Alumni The following list has been revised to date and made as nearly correct as possible. i T ou will confer a favor by reporting any inaccuracies immediately to President Winger. HONORARY DEGREES 1914 — B. B. Hoff, A. M 1916 — E. S. Young ' , D. D 1916 — A. C. Wieand, D. D 1918 — J. P. Dickey, D. D 1918 — M. M. Sherrick, D. Litt. 1918 — L. D. Ikenberry, L. L. D. 1919 — D. N. Howe, L. L. D. ... 1920 — W. I. T. Hoover, L. L. D. • Teacher Bethany Bible School. , Former President of Manchester College. .President Bethany Bible School. . Teacher of LaVerne College. .Teacher of Mt. Morris College. .Vice President Manchester College. .Former President Manchester College. .Teacher LaVerne College. MASTER OF ARTS 1918 — Randolph, Ida (Press) Student University of Chicago. 1919 — Grosh, Pearl M Student Wisconsin University. 1919 — Eikenberry, A. B Teacher Manchester College. BACHELOR OF ARTS 1900 — Smith, Troy Teacher Portland, Ind. Tannreuther, George W. . . Teacher in U. of Mo Columbia, Mo 1902 — Early S. P Pastor Windber, Pa. Layman, George Teacher Roanoke, Va. 1903 — Cottrell, D. O Director Forward Movement .... North Manchester Ind 1906 — Foster, O. D Teacher in Y. M. C. A. College. . . Chicago, 111. 1908 — Studebaker, Jessie (Boone). Deceased 1909 — Stoner, D. L Deceased 1910 — Studebaker, M. E Teacher Muncie, Ind. 1912 — Kintner, Edward Science Teacher Manchester College Stout, A. M Teacher Sebring, Fla. Studebaker, H. A Pastor Sterling-, 111. 1913 — Beery, Geno Student of Medicine Chicago, 111. Morris, Charles Teacher McPherson College McPherson, Kan. Schwalm, V. F. . History Teacher Manchester College 1914 — Moyer, Delia Deceased Moyer, Elgin Teacher Chicago, 111. Schultz, D. W Principal of Academy Manchester College Sollenberger, I. J Student of University of Ohio. .. Columbus, Ohio Stine, O. W Goshen, Ind. Stoner, E. N Farmer Ladoga, Ind. Stoner, Florence (Burkett) Ladoga, Ind. Wagoner, G. F Teacher Atlanta, Ind. 1915 — Blough, S. S Pastor Astoria. 111. Boomershine, Reuben Teacher Arcanum, Ohio Boomler, W. E Ranchman Shepherd, Mont. Bover, W. F Bookkeeper North Manchester, Ind Brubaker, H. A Pastor Pasadena, Calif. Brumbaugh, J. C Teacher Carro Gordo, 111. Dunbar, J. E Farmer Bowers, Ind. Grisso, Lillian Missionary. India. Grossnickle, Russel Student of University of Indiana. Bloomington, Ind Helman, H. H Pastor South Bend, Ind. ' Irick, Simion Teacher Moran, Ind. Myers, C. I Teacher Edgemont, S. Dak. Oberholtzer, Elizabeth Missionary Peking, China (Weybright) Peters, W. W Teacher Manchester College Sellers, Arthur Teacher Arcadia, Fla. Senger, Nettie Missionary Peking, China. Smeltzer, Jesse Teacher Girard, 111. Peters, Rowena (Stoner) North Manchester, Ind. Ulrey, Loraine Teacher North Manchester, Ind. Yoder, C. H Los Angeles, Calif. 1916 — Bonewitz, Beatrice Teacher North Manchester, Ind. Eley, Theodore Teacher Bradford, Ohio Flory, Rolland Teacher Sherwood, Ohio Holl, Carl Teacher Blue Ridge College New Windsor, Md. Hoover, O. L Student Columbus, Ohio Kessler, Agnes Student Chicago, 111. Leonard, J. W Teacher Louisville, Kv. Miller, R. H Pastor LaVerne, Calif. Murray, Grace (Barnhart) Wabash, Ind. Shively, T. A Teacher Denver, Ind. Shideler, N. M Pastor Greencastle, Ind. Shock Laura Missionary Teacher China. Smith Freadus Chemist in Tar Distillery Birmingham, Ala. Smith. Lois Teacher . Frankfort, Ind. Snavely, Everett Teacher Kingsley, Iowa. Sollenberger, C. C Pastor Johnstown. Pa. Stutsman Sadie Art and Expression Teacher Manchester College Swartz, Goldie Missionary India. Tinkle, William Student Chicago, 111. Winger, Roger Student U. of Chicago Chicago, 111. Page 75] 1917 — Wright, Charles A Teacher Manchester College. Royer, Galen B Student Bethany Bible School. Barker, Marie (Kindell) Covington, Ohio. Yoder, Leslie J Student Manchester College. Blough, Carman G Teacher Don du Lac, Wis. Randolph, Ida M. (Press) Chicago, 111. Minnich, H. Spencer Assistant to Secretary of General Mission Board Elgin, 111. Holl, Dio L North Canton, Ohio. Dunbar, Anna K Bowers, Ind. (Ikenberry) Sollenberger, O. C Missionary Peking, China. Heisey, W. J Missionary Shou Tang, China. West, Daniel Teacher Pleasant Hill, Ohio. Mallott, Floyd History Teacher Blue Ridge College. Gingerich, Jacob H Kxpression Teacher Bethany Bible School. Shively, Marie Teacher Laketon, Ind. Randolph, H. S Teacher Mt. Morris, 111. Grossnickle Warren M. ... Teacher Rockfleld, Ind. Minnich, Eva Belle Elgin, 111. (Shepfer) Funderburg, Drue D Student Bethanv Bible School Chicago, 111. Miller, Marcus C Lima, Ohio. Phillips, George W Student Bethanv Bible School Chicago, 111. Grosh, Pearl M Medical Student Madison, Wis. Schubert, Carl S Business North Manchester, Ind. Irvin, Floyd M Pastor Homeworth, Ohio. Dickey. Orville J Teacher Omaha, Neb. Frantz, E. E Peru, Ind. Ulrey, A. L Banker North Manchester, Ind. Schaeffer, Mary Ann Missionary Ping Ting Skien, - Shansi, China. Stinebaugh, W. C Student Bethany Bible School. Buckley, Wm. J Pastor Dayton, Ohio. 1018 — Byerly, C. C Teacher Farmers City, 111. Keim, Annie (Keim) Nam pa, Idaho. Sollenberger, Laurel Teacher Fletcher, Ohio. Eisenbise, Esther Chicago, 111. Keever, J. C Teacher Marathon, Iowa. sBoyd, Anna K Teacher Manchester College. Warner, Lozier Teacher Two Harbors, Minn. Miller, Elsie Teacher Manchester College. Hoffman, Albert C Teacher Plymouth, Ind. Royer, Nellie Chicago, 111. (Creddlebaugh) White, Ralph Student Bethany Chicago, 111. Beahm, Anna Student Bethany Chicago, 111. Keim, C. Ray Teacher Nampa, Idaho. Delk, Margaret Home Economics Teacher Manchester College. Wenger, Russel Bible Teacher Manchester College. Woods, Beulah Teacher Nampa, Idaho. Plaugher, Leroy Beaverdam, Ohio. Jobes, Mrs. Pearl Teacher Arcanum, Ohio. Mummert, Cletus B Huntington, Ind. Weaver, Myrtis Goshen, Ind. Brookins, Mary Teacher New Waverly, Ind. Miller, Leo H Pastor Eaton, Ind. Huffman, Anna Deceased 1919 — Helser, Albert Student Bethanv Bible School Chicago, 111. Kessler, Emma Teacher Fruitland, Idaho. Minnich, Ruth Teacher Greenville, Ohio. Shamberger, C. H Pastor Fruitland, Idaho. Flory, Margaret Teacher Huntington, Ind. Eppley, Garrett Supt. of Schools Francisville, Ind. Garver, Miriam E Teacher Trotwood, Ohio. Heestand, Cora L Teacher Huntington, Ind. . Heeter, Tressa Teacher Roann, Ind. Metzger, Ida Medical Student Los Angeles, Calif. Jobes, Herschel M Teacher Arcanum, Ohio. Tohn, Ora K. (Hale) Chicago, 111. Wagner, Dora Deceased Irvin, Trude (Mishler) Homeworth. Ohio. Bechtel, Lola Nurse ' s Training Chicago, 111. Brown, Nettie Missionary India. Weybright, Edith Student Bethany Chicago, 111. Kintner, Elizabeth Missionary India. NORMAL ENGLISH 1898 — Wright, Glen Dentist North Manchester, Ind. 1899 — Petry, Harry Deceased 1902 — Wright, Grace (Wine) North Manchester, Ind. 1903 — Bookwalter, Parker Surveyor ' s Office Dayton, Ohio. Cunningham, J. A Doctor Chicago, 111. Haines, Ida (Davenport) Goshen, Ind. Spacht, Wilma ( Burke tt) Norwich, N. D. 1904 — Baily, Paul Farmer Ashland, Ohio. Bouldin, Rhoda (Neher) Hollywood, Ala. Bowers, Harvey Minister and Teacher Wakarusa, Ind. [Page 76 Hartsough, Ida Deceased (Matthews) Leadbetter, Stella (Neher) Hollywood, Ala. Richer, Glea (Brown) South Whitley, Ind. Shively, T. A Superintendent Denver, Ind. Workman,, Howard Banker Mt. Vernon, Ohio. 1905 — Cripe, Earl Doctor North Manchester, Ind. Dickey, Otis Osteopath Joplin, Mo. Flook, Ruth L Deceased Rarick, Carl Farmer Muncie, Ind. Ross, Lizzie (Tridle) Sidney, Ind. Sellers, Vinnie (Filburn) Wenatchee, Wash. 1906 — Cattrel, Ralph O Optician Marion, Ind. 1907 — Keever, R. G Teacher Rockfleld, Ind. Light, Charles Farmer Howe, Ind. Penny, La Vergie (Long) . Potsdam, Ohio. 1908 — Druley, Rose (Rinehart) Boston, Ind. Fisher, Tony Farmer Mexico, Ind. Hankins, Roxy Student of Bethany Bible School. Chicago, 111. Hughes, Ethel Mechanical Draftsman Rochester, Ind. Shively, N. O Teacher Chicago, 111. Speicher, Lillian Sec. of W. C. T. U. of Indiana. . . . Urbana, Ind. 1913 — Bonewitz, Beatrice Teacher North Manchester, Ind. Brandt, Mary Teacher Greenville, Ohio. Delancy, Rose Teacher North Manchester, Ind. Gebhart, Irvin Teacher New Carlisle, Ohio. Kimmel, Emma Teacher Goshen, Ind. Witwer, Ruth Teacher Greenville, Ohio. 1914 — Byerly, C. C Teacher Farmers City, 111. Helman, H. H Superintendent Unionville Center. Ohio. Peters, Effie Teacher Tippecanoe City, Ohio. Reynolds, Jeanette Teacher Arcanum, Ohio. 1915 — Bright, Daniel Student Manchester College. Cripe, Nora North Manchester, Ind. Eley, Theodore Teacher Bradford, Ohio. Frantz, Lela Teacher North Manchester. Ind. Keener, Anna Student Manchester College. Lautzenhiser, Esther Teacher Hamlet, Ind. Miller, Elsie Teacher Manchester College. Royer, Galen Student Bethany Bible School. White, Anna (Karns) Herreil S. D. 1916 — Boomler, Leslie Montana. Bowser, Roy Teacher Brookville, Ohio. Bright, Lydia Teacher • Lima, Ohio. Brumbaugh, Glenn Teacher Tippecanoe City, Ohio. Campbell, Esther Teacher Bowers, Ind. Defries, Harriet Teacher Gas City, Ind. Funderburg, J. T Student Manchester College. Geiger, C. Harve Teacher Winona Lake. Ind. Grosh, Fern Student Manchester College. Jordan, Beulah Teacher Clear Creek, Ind. Jordan, Garrett Teacher Bippus, Ind. Fish, Lena (Karns) Davton, Ohio. Kneisley, Edna Teacher Dayton. Ohio. Minnich, Ruth Teacher Greenville, Ohio. Neher, Elsie Teacher Tippecanoe City, Ohio. Senseman, Harvey Teacher Tippecanoe City, Ohio. 1917 — Miller, Ada Student Manchester College. Shepfer, C. Ray Sugar Creek, Ohio. Smith, Carrie Davton, Ohio. Hurst, Grace Roann, Ind. Geyer, Blanche : Nappanee, Ind. Hill, Augustus W Deceased Kreider, Verona M Arcanum. Ohio. Bechtelheimer, Neva Walton Ind (Hostetler) Garber, Ernest Deceased Keller, Mabel C Student Manchester College. Dredge, Nellie M New Carlisle, Ohio. Dillman, Ruth Teacher North Manchester, Ind. 1918 — Kline, Pearl Teacher Silver Lake. Ind. Stover, Olivia Teacher . , Bradford, Ohio. Thayer, Edith Lima. Ohio. Krieger, Evelyn Chippewa Lake, Ohio. Ross, Pearl Teacher Danville, Ohio. Nyhart, Howard Student Manchester College. Poppaw, Mary Student Manchester College. Mote, Mabel Student Manchester College. Shively, Mildred Etn a Green. Ind. Miller, Floyd Teacher New Weston. Ohio. Senseman, Treva (Karns) Tippecanoe Citv, Ohio. Moyer, Faye Student Manchester College. Ridgley, Freda North Manchester. Ind. Stoner, Edna Bremen, Ohio. Bechtol, Lola Nurse ' s Training Chicago, 111. 1919— Angel, Irene Crowell, Ind. Coy, Bertha A Teacher Tippecanoe Citv, Ohio. Fritsche, Carolyn Teacher Piqua. Ohio. Irvin, Fern Teacher Creston, Ohio. Koons, Mary Dayton, Ohio. Page 77] Mattern, Marguerite Wabash, Ind. Mmnick, Florence Marion, Ind. Richcreek, Florence Syracuse, Ind. Royer, Hazel Arcanum, Ohio. Seitner, Nora Roann, Ind. Wenrick, Etoile Piqua, Ohio. Zahm, Marie Wabash,, Ind. THREE YEAR NORMAL 1914 — Irick, Simon Teacher Moran, Ind. ACADEMY 1897 — Calvin, Frona Transfer, Pa Hale, Milo Teacher Kansas City Mo Kemp, A. E Conneaut, Ohio Lancaster, Nellie Deceased Miller, Lucy (Buck) South Bend, Ind 1898 — Eby, Phoebe (King) Marcilla, Mich Gnag-ey, Silvia (Cripe) Glendora, Calif Hollinger, R. C Real Estate Redcliff, Alberta, Canada Smith, Sarah (King-) Nurse Kansas City, Mo Miller, Ollie Librarian Manchester College Wright, L. D Real Estate North Manchester, Ind 1899— Cottrell, D. O North Manchester, Ind. Cripe, Isaac Teacher Gas City, Ind Little, R. E Freight Clerk Grand Trunk R. R. . Chicago, 111. Miller, Clessie Dealer in Autos New Lisbon, Ind 1900 — Bowman, Clarence Postal Clerk South Bend ' Ind ■ Howe, W . H Printer Kalispell, Mont. ' Englar, Ida (Miller) Surra v, N. D. 1901 — Stutsman, Noble C Manson, Wash. 1902 — Bailey, Frank Mail Clerk Cleveland Ohio Holderman, C. M Deceased Hunt, Jasper Deceased 1903 — Naber Iva Landis Elkhart, Ind 1904 — Harris, Otto Lawyer Chicago, 111. Hartsough, Harvey Teacher Nappanee. Ind. Hartsough, Ida Deceased (Matthews) Hicks, Carl State Agent for John Deere Im- plement Co Indianapolis, Ind. Lichtenwalter, Earl E Factory Employer .-Los Angeles, Calif. Metzger, O. E Deceased Metzger, Anna (Shoemaker) South Whitley, Ind. Shoemaker, Bertha Teacher North Manchester, Ind. Toney, Wilmer Deceased Wine, Irvin B Bookkeeper Dayton, Ohio. 1906 — Lint, P. A Teacher Norway, Mich. Matthews, Roy Teacher Indianapolis, Ind. Putterbaugh, Rov Teacher LaFayette, Ind. 1907 — McCorkle, Chas Teacher Sidney, Ohio. Mourer, Harry Teacher Idaville, Ind. Studebaker, H. A Pastor Sterling, 111. 1908 — Jones, Vera (Brown) Evanston, 111. Weybright, Nettie (Culler) Syracuse, Ind. 1909 — Cobb, Charlotte (Davis) Lordsburg, Calif. Crouch, Cordelia Teacher New York, N. Y. Crum, Earnest Collecting Agency Warren, Ind. Dickey, Orville .• North Manchester, Ind. Moyer, Elgin Teacher Bethany Bible School. Miller, Edith North Manchester, Ind. Miller, Cora (Hazlett) Bradford, Ohio. Sellers, A. F Teacher Arcadia, Fla. 1910 — Groff, Forest Teacher Clarks Hill, Ind. Miller, R. H La Verne, Calif. Schwalm, V. F Teacher Manchester College. Sites, D. E Salesman Colorado Springs, Colo. Studebaker, Alma (Weddle) Muncie, Ind. Sollenberger, Cora (Hurst) Johnston, Pa. Wagoner, G. F Supt. of Schools Atlanta, Ind. 1911 — Bush, Grace Roann, Ind. Butterbaugh, Chas South Bend, Ind. Cable, Etta (Chambers) Chicago, 111. Barnhart, Grace (Murray) Wabash, Ind. Stoner, Florence (Burkett) Ladoga, Ind. Winger, Lofa (Eikenberry) Muncie, Ind. 1912 — Barnhart, Murl . .Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Basicker, J. W Mechanic Wabash, Ind. Dunbar, J. E Farmer Bowers, Ind. Friend, J. Q Salesman Colorado Springs, Ind. Greenwalt, Lois (Thomas) Rawson. Ohio. Kindy. Floyd Clerk in Hardware Store San Francisco, Calif. Kindy, Glenn Teacher Huntington, Ind. Smith, Freadus Chemist Birmingham, Ala. Smith, Lois Teacher Frankfort, Ind. Weaver, T. G Bank Cashier Wakarusa, Ind. Yoder, C. H Teacher Los Angeles. Calif. [Pag-e 78 Yoder, Paul Teacher Lakeland, Fla. Dennison, Alta (Grady) Goshen, Ind. Whitehead, Delta (Grady) Goshen, Ind. 1913— Beighley, Elmar Farmer Dayton, Ohio. Beery, W. H Student in U. of Michigan Ann Arbor, Mich. Christman, James Teacher Wheatland, N. D. Cripe, Grace Deceased Culp, C. M Head Book Keeper Elgin, 111. Delk, Margaret Student Manchester College. Eikenberry, M. L Salesman Akron, Ohio. Dunbar, Anna (Ikenberry) Bowers, Ind. Myers, Willis B Deceased Myers, Paul Rubber Works Akron, Ohio. Minnich, H. S Elgin, 111. Rawdabaugh, Seth Student of Purdue University . . . Lafayette, Ind. Shaffer, A. C Teacher Auburn, Wash. July, Sudie (Sites) North Manchester, Ind. Toney, Linnie Boston, Ind. Alwine, Beatrice (Yaney) Decatur, Ind. Yoder, L. J Student Manch ester College. Yader, Mary (Shively) North Manchester, Ind. 1914 — Barnhart, Wilbur Teacher Indianapolis, Ind. Blough, C. G Teacher Fon du Lac, Wis. Boomler, Lillian Shepherd, Mont. Culp, Everett Furnace Agent Dayton, Ohio. Halladay. Mae (Dunbar) Bradford, Ohio. Harley, Robert Student Bowling Green, Ky. Hornish, Ruth Teacher Defiance, Ohio. Leedy, Nell Supervisor of Penn Struthers, Ohio. McKillips, Donald Wabash, Ind. Moyer, Lela Student in Cook County Hospital. Chicago, 111. Schubert, C. C North Manchester, Ind. Sellers, Elsie ( Shirk) Arcadia, Fla. Stout, Ella Cottrell Sebring, Fla. Wilkie, Edward Student Indiana University Bloomington, Ind. Williams, Cecelia (Walker) Toledo, Ohio. Winger, Oscar Teacher Muncie, Ind. Wright, Chas Teacher Manchester College. Ulery, Grace (Hoover) Leesburg, Ind. 1915 — Ballard, Mary Esther Arcanum, Ohio. (Eikenberry) Boone. Clara North Manchester, Ind. Blickenstaff, Marie Student Manchester College. (Butterbaugh) Byerly, Lois Student Manchester College. De Fries, Harriet Teacher Gas City, Ind. Dodge, Arthur Bucyrus, Ohio. Dunbar, Austin Bowers, Ind. Hiller, C. M Student Manchester College. Jobes, Pearl Teacher Arcanum, Ohio. Kriegbaum, Chas Banker Leiters Ford, Ind. Lautzenhiser, Bertha Student Manchester College. McKee, Cuba Bookkeeper North Manchester, Ind. Minnich, Ruth Teacher Greenville, Ohio. Noll, Lulu Butternut. Mich. Olwin, Chester Oklahoma. Petcher, Marie Citronelle, Ala. Schultz, Cora (Winger) Manchester College. Smith, Eunice Teacher Indiana. Stout, Raymond Kitchell, Ind. White, Pearl Teacher Tibbie, Ala. Yaney, Augustus Farmer Decatur, Ind. 1916 — Bittle, Win Student Manchester College. Blickenstaff, Floyd Student Manchester College. Brown, Chas Mooreland, Ind. Byerly, Mabel Decatur, Ind. Dodge, Gertrude (Netzley) Bucyrus, Ohio. Funderburg, Ethel Teacher Manchester College. Wilson, Mary (Gump) California. Heestand. Cora Teacher Huntington, Ind. Hawbaker. Merlin Student Manchester College. Bechtelheimer, Neva Walton, Ind. (Hostetler) Jobes, Herschel Teacher Arcanum, Ohio. Joseph. Hattie Teacher Lima, Ohio. Kline, Pearl Teacher Silver Lake, Ind. Pulley, Harry Student Bethany Bible School. Snavely, Lawrence Wabash, Ind. Sollenberger, Ethel Teacher Germantown, Ohio. Strauss, Ada Teacher Nappanee, Ind. Plaugher, Marie (Weaver) Lima, Ohio. Yaney, Edith Decatur, Ind. 1917 — Baker, Adah Student Manchester College. Rhodes, Roy M Nampa, Idaho. Hawbaker, Lee North Manchester, Ind. Stutsman, Winifred Penant, Sask.. Canada. Younker, Franklin Student Manchester College. Seitner, Nora Roann, Ind. Mahan, Chloa (Kreider) Delphi. N. Y. Moy Gwong Canton. China. Pagre 79] Fisher, G. Frances Bowers, Ind. Krieghbaum, Iden South Bend, Ind. Barnhart, Mabel E Indianapolis, Ind. (Stutsman) Miller, De Leon Gaston, Ind. Kintner, Elizabeth Missionary India. Styers, Henry Akron, Ohio. Wolfe, Ernestine Teacher Gas City, Ind. Hunter, James Rockfleld, Ind. Stebbins, Mark Student Manchester College. Crone, Arthur Ashland, Ohio. Winger, Mabel Student-Teacher Manchester College. Kelly, Otto Wabash, Ind. Mohler, Sherman Mogadore, Ohio. Krieghbaum, Golda South Bend, Ind. ( Cunningham ) Foster, Carl North Manchester, Ind. Heeter, Ira Student Manchester College. Wright, Leah Deceased Dunning, Ada Wenatchee, Wash. Daffer, Floyd E Bremen, Ind. Weaver, Ervin Pastor Illinois. 1918 — Hess, Dale Goshen, Ind. Freed, Irene Williamstown, Ohio. 1919 — Stauffer, Robert Student Manchester College. Thomas, Lena Student Manchester College. Butterbaugh, Dorothy Student Manchester College. Ikenberry, Marie Student Manchester College. Wyne, Paul Student Manchester College. Smith, Ida Music Teacher Galveston, Ind. Workman, Mabel . : Student Manchester College. Young, Helen Student Manchester College. Burger, Quinter Student Manchester College. Driver, Gladys Student Manchester College. Driver, Blanche Student Manchester College. Hoff, Eva Teacher Rolla, N. Dak. Tombaugh, Harold Student Manchester College. Shively, Minnie Teacher La Place, 111. Reber, Ruth Student Manchester College. Wolfe, Mildred Student Manchester College. COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT Commercial Teachers Master of Accts. 1901 — Miller, A. E Teacher Muncie, Ind. Miller, E. F Business Grand Rapids, Mich. 1902 — Gibson, Frank Minister Springer, New Mexico. Stutsman, C. N Farmer Manson, Wash. 1903 — Horner, Wm Farmer Osnaburg, Ohio. 1905 — Petry, Chester Teaching Minot, N. D. 1913 — Miller, Claude Grocer College View, Neb. Minnich, W. B Teacher Brazil, Ind. Myers, W. B Deceased 1914 — Bowser, L. D Teacher Racine, Wis. Dickey, Orville Teacher Omaha, Neb. Hyre, Clyde Teacher Kenton, Ohio. Gump, Clyde Teacher Des Moines, Iowa. Stine, Ora Bookkeeper Goshen, Ind. Yoder, Paul Teacher Lakeland, Fla. Bachelor of Commercial Science 1915 — Matthews, Roy Teacher Indianapolis, Ind. 1916 — Blough, C. G Teacher Fon du Lac, Wis. Miller, Clara Lima, Ohio. Tinkle, Lulu (Rench) Taft, Texas. Bachelor of Accounts 1905 — Sellers, Lowell Farmer Wenatchee, W r ash. 1906 — Wise, Lula (Haines) Middlebury, Ind. Shively, N. O Teacher Chicago, 111. 1907 — Minnich, LeRoy Bookkeeper Lordsburg. Calif. 1908 — Edgeworth, C. B Teacher Holyoke, Mass. 1911 — Barnhart, Eldon Teacher Wabash, Ind. Ronk, Chas Pastor Glendale, Ariz. Keever Orpha (Workman) .Stenographic Teacher Manchester College. 1912 — Gump, Clyde Teacher Des Moines, Iowa. Lehmer,, D. F Commercial Teacher Bisley, Ariz. Mvers, W. B Deceased Shroyer, Viola (Musselman) New Carlisle, Ohio. 1913 — Barnhart, Murl Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Gulp, C. M Bookkeeper Elgin, 111. Grady, E. S Teacher Elkhart, Ind. 1914 — Burr, Thurl Stenographer Chicago, 111. Martin, Robert Teacher Superior, Wis. Ulrey, Earl Farmer Leesburg, Ind. 1919 — Jenks, Winifred Wabash, Ind. [Page 80 Commercial Teachers ' Course 1902 — Metz, C. W Minister Weston. Ore. 1904 — Bailey, Frank Mail Clerk Cleveland, Ohio Hollinger, W. P Greenville, Ohio. Werner, Paul Farmer Armstrong, Calif. 1905 — Cottrell, Ralph C Optician Marion, Ind Petry, Michael West Manchester, Ind. 1906 — Newcomer, James Doctor Elgin, 111. 1908 — Butterbaugh, Chas Stenographer South Bend, Ind. Grady, Emory Teacher Watertown, ' Wis . Hart, Earl Railroader Richmond, Ind. Hopper, T. A Farmer Onward. Ind. 1909 — Bridge, Lloyd Farmer Monticello, Ind. Dickey, Orville Student Manchester College. Dilling, Wilbur Delphi, Ind. Evans, Earl Bookkeeper Goshen, Ind. Hostetler, Cassius Teacher Wisconsin. Kaylor, J. I. Missionary India. Kitson, Forrest Teacher Troy, N. Y. Noffsinger, W. K Business Union City, Ohio. Reelhorn, A. R Teacher Arizona. Wright, Nora (Shively) Peebles, Ohio. 1909 — Shock, Ezra Farmer Syracuse, Ind. Smeltzer, J. C Teacher 1910 — Butterbaugh, Anetta (Snell) Manson, Wash. Cripe, Rose Stenographer Dickinson, N. D. Hostetler, Forrest Farmer Greentown, Ind. Musselman, L. J Teacher Beaver Dam, Wis. Smeltzer, Carnah Covina, Calif. Studebaker, M. E Teacher Muncie, Ind. Wright, Ruby Stenographer Pittsburg, Pa. 1911 — Halliday, Mae (Dunbar) .. .Bookkeeper Bradford, Ohio. Judy, M. S Farmer Petersburg, W. Va. Miller, Dorsey Farmer Mansfield, 111. Montel, Emory Farmer Claypool, Ind. Neher, C. R Teacher Kenosha, Wis. 1912 — Heestand, Noah Carpenter Elkhart, Ind. Judv, Lillian (Dunbar) Petersburg, W. Va. Sink, Gertrude (Hoff ) Flora, Ind. Speicher, Wm Teacher Lynchburg, W. Va. Winger, Oscar Teacher Muncie, Ind. 1913 — Dickey, J. C South Bend, Ind. Dohner, Valorie Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Eikenberry, M. L Salesman Akron, Ohio. Friend, J. Q Salesman Colorado Springs, Colo. Neher, Ruth (John) Covington, Ohio. Miller, Calvin Collector Omaha, Neb. Phillips, Leta North Manchester, Ind. Toder, Edward Undertaker Jacksonville, Fla. 1914 — Keely, Agnes Teacher Midder.sh, Miss. Miller, Earl Farmer Versailles, Ohio. Speicher, Bertha Urbana, Ind. 1915 — Gochenour, Floyd Farmer Rossville, Ind. Gump, Eff ie Garrett, Ind. Hiller. C. M Student Manchester College. Lefforge, Alta Stenographer Indianapolis, Ind. Metzger, Herschel Farmer Rossville, Ind. Replogle, F. G Commercial Teacher Mt. Morris, 111. Driver, Gale Student Manchester College. McFann, Inez Stenographer South Bend, Ind. 1917 — Emerick, Hobart Deceased Baer, Eva S. (Cripe) Urbana, Ind. Gilbert, Amber Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Klinger, Lucile Wabash, Ind. 1918 — Rager, Bertha Laketon, Ind. Gripe, Raymond Rossville, Ind. One Year Commercial 1916 — Berkley, Geo Contractor Elkhart, Ind. Martin, Harry Robbins, Idaho. Miller, E. C Evangelist South Bend, Ind. 1897 — Bowers, Frank F. M. Bowers Co Indianapolis, Ind. Crouch, Mrs. E. M Kingsport, Tenn. Dewey, Warren Banker North Manchester, Ind. Early, E. C Farmer Lima, Ohio. Gibson, Elmer Banker Gerard, 111. Hollinger, Curtis Real Estate Agent Medicine Hat, Alta, Can. Jenks, Ulysses Farmer North Manchester, Ind. Koontz. H. L Ranchman Jireh, Wyo. Neher, L. M Real Estate Warsaw, Ind. 1898 — Fisher, O. E Packerton, Ind. Gillispie, John Elwood, Ind. Hicks, Edward Luther, Ind. Miller, S. P Deceased Ockerman, L. R Minister Kokomo, Ind. Parrett, E. S Linotype Setter Sears Roebuck, Chicago. Scott, Earl Warsaw, Ind. Stutesman, F. A Lumberman Triblet, Miss. Watson, G. A Girard, 111. Page 81] 1S99— Eikenberry, J. W Farmer Arcanum, Ohio. Funderburg, Cyrus Farmer Springfield, Ohio. 1900 — Berkey, Chloa (Johnson) Elkhart, Ind. Circle, Eva (Kemp) Sidney, Ind. Flook, C. R Deceased Johnson, Chas Manager of Rice Mill Oakland, Calif. Mellinger, Edmund Wenatchee, Wash. Mellinger, Amy (Reed) Wenatchee, Wash. Puterbaugh, Roy Teacher Lafayette, Ind. Replogle, O. L Washington. Shock, Daisy (Hollinger) . . Deceased Slabaugh, O. H Elkhart, Ind. Snell, Anna Deceased Zollers, R. R Des Moines, Iowa. 1901 — Fenstermaker, E. E Farmer Pyrmont, Ind. Long, Andrew Farmer Beaverton, Mich . Metzger, O. E Deceased Overholtzer, W. E Minister Warsaw, Ind. Toney, Chas Farmer Walton, Ind. Wertenberger, Winnie North Manchester, Ind. (Pierson) 1902 — Kitson, Chester Syracuse, Ind. Landis, J. L Lumber Dealer North Manchester, Ind. Markham, Chas Bookkeeper South Bend, Ind. 1903 — Berkley, Landon Contractor Elkhart, Ind. Hollsinger, J. N Carpenter Delphi, Ind. Neher, Harvey Minister Milf ord, Ind. Swihart, Harvey Akron, Ind. 1904 — Burrows, Willard Indiana. Petry, Chester Teaching- Minot, N. D. 1905 — Brown, Minnie Stenographer Miles City, Mont. Newcomer, James Doctor Elgin, 111. Shively, N. O Teacher Chicago, 111. 1906 — Singer, Ada ( Weybright) . Elgin, 111. 1907 — Beasley, Chas Camden, Ind. Brumbaugh, Jesse Gen. Agent U. S. Rubber Co Dayton, Ohio. Brumbaugh, Chas Stenographer South Bend, Ind. Dewey, Warren Banker North Manchester, Ind. Grady, Emory Teacher Watertown, Wis. Hanawalt, Alma (Shively) Bourbon, Ind. Kaufman, Ola Beaverton, Mich. Kesling, Annis Farmer Peru, Ind. Shaffer, Mary Bellevue, Mich. Wright, Nora (Shively) Peebles, Ohio. 190S — Miller, Minnie Oakwood, Ohio Overholtzer, Mary (Miller) Goshen, Ind. Shock, Ezra Farmer Syracuse, Ind. Smeltzer, J. C Teaching Tulare, Calif. Hidy, Opal Stenographer Indianapolis, Ind. Hithrock, Elizabeth Los Angeles, Calif. 1909 — Lefforge, Rhea Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Miller, F. A North Manchester, Ind. 1910 — Brown, Arthur Salem, S. D. Bush, Glen Salem, S. D. Judy, M. S Farmer Petersburg, W. Va. Roberts, Jesse West Alexandria, Ohio. Speicher, Wrn Teacher Lynchburg, Va. 1911 — Kendall, John Cashier Amboy, Ind. Kinter, Jesse Business Indianapolis, Ind. Pinney, La Von (Helm) North Manchester, Ind. Syler, Clay Grain Dealer Fredricktown, Ohio. Ohmart, Mary (Timberlin) Detroit, Mich. Whitehead, Neal Chicago, 111. McKuley, Beatrice (Miller) Disko, Ind. 1912 — Blosser, Hazel Nappanee, Ind. Brubaker, Tom Wabash, Ind. Brubaker, Vern Bookkeeper Detroit, Mich. Conde, Paul Employee in Crow Auto Co Elkhart, Ind. Neher, Ruth (John) Covington, Ohio. Toney, Harnion Business College Corner, Ohio. Toder, Edward Undertaker Jacksonville, Fla. Kamp, Virginia (Sailors) North Manchester, Ind. 1913 — Bollinger, Loyal Banker Pioneer, Ohio. Fetterhoff, Larry Farmer Pyrmont, Ind. Hively, Anna Elgin, 111. Myers, Paul Akron, Ohio Miller, Henry Farmer Bradford, Ohio. Toung, Fred Stenographer Akron, Ohio Tilman, Noah Banker Indianapolis, Ind. 1914 — Busser, Grover Draftsman Akron, Ohio Hoke, Katie Teacher Greenville, Ohio. Lehman, Galen North Manchester. Ind. Workman, Richard Farmer Fredricktown, Ohio 1915 — Gebhart, Irvin Teacher New Carlisle, Ohio. -. ,, . c ? ee - Cuba North Manchester, Ind. 9 G 6 ,-F lsl1 ;. Le roy • Dayton, Ohio. 1917 — Martin, Loyal Pioneer Ohio Payne, Howard ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' .. ' . ' . North Manchester, Ind. Wood, Ralph Princeton, Ind. [Pag-e 82 Stenographic 1897 — Leinenger, O. L Elkhart, Ind. Straw, Bessie Deceased 1898 — Miller, Mina (Bosserman) Bradford, Ohio. Foglesonger, Ruth New Paris, Ind. (Whitehead) 1899 — Ader, Harry Peru Ind. 1900 — Butterbaugh, E. A Clerk North Manchester, Ind. Circle, Eva (Kemp) Sidney, Ind. Landis, J. L Factory Laborer North Manchester, Ind. Stroh, J. B Oakland, Calif. Johnson, Chas Manager of Rice Mill Muncie, Ind. 1901 — Miller, A. E Teacher Norwich, Ind. Spacht, Wilma (Burkett) . Norwich, N. Dak . Wertenberger, Winnie North Manchester, Ind. (Pierson) 1902 — Ruse. Hazel Stenographer Wabash, Ind. 1903 — Cloyd, Gertrude Union Citv. Ind. 1904 — Brubaker, Ira Traveling Salesman Decatur, 111. Kranning, Flossie Peru, Ind. (Albaugh) Werner. Paul Farmer Armstrong, Colo. 1905 — Gripe, Elmer Clerk, Sears Robuck Co Chicago, 111. Hopper, T. A Farmer Onward, Ind. Paulus, Norena Deceased 1906 — Gripe, Clarence . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' Rossville, Ind. Haines, Lulu Edith Middlebury, Ind. Harter, Nita Bookkeeper North Manchester, Ind. Shively, N. O Teacher Chicago, 111. Stewart, Mabel Marion. Ind. 1907 — Abbey, Stella Mae Rossville, Ind Davis, Edith (Andrews) ...... .. ' .. ' . ' . ...... ' . ' .. ' .. ' .. ' . ' .. . ' . Oklahoma Citv, Calif. Butterbaugh, Anetta (Snell) Manson, Wash Shaffer, Blanche North Manchester, Ind. Singer, Ada ( Weybright) . Elgin, 111. 1908— Curry, Lulu Stenographer Marion, Ind. Qverholtzer, Mary (Miller) Goshen, Ind Miller, Minnie ' . ' . ' ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . ' . Oakwood, Ohio. Ohmart, Ethel North Manchester, Ind. Shaffer, Bernice (Moe) Sturgis, Mich Keel, Dessie (Ream) ' I!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!-!!!!! North Manchester, Ind. 1909 — Lefforge, Rhea Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. 1910 — Reelhorn, A. R Teacher Lajunta, Colo. 1911 — Barnhart, Eldon Teacher Wabash, Ind. Reiff, Linnie (Heestand).. South Whitlev, Ind. Kintner, Jesse Business Indianapolis, Ind. Miller, Dorsey Farmer Mansfield, 111. Montel, Emory Farmer Claypool, Ind. Brooks, June (Mummert) . Kansas. Neher, C. R Teacher Kenosha, Wis. Syler, Clay Grain Dealer Nappanee, Ind. j.911 — Whitehead, Neal Chicago, 111. Keefer, Orpha (Workman) . Stenographic Teacher Manchester College. 1912 — Gump, Clyde Teacher Des Moines, Iowa. Neher, Ruth (John) Covington, Ohio. Judy, Lillian (Dunbar) Petersburg, W. Va. Kamp, Virginia (Sailors) North Manchester, Ind. Lehmer, Frantz Teacher California. Shroyer, Viola Teacher New Carlisle, Ohio. (Musselman) Speicher, Wm Teacher Lynchburg, Va. Ohmart, Mary (Timberlin) Detroit, Mich. 1913 — Miller, Mary (Bright) Trotwo ' od, Ohio. Miller, Calvin Collector Omaha, Neb. Barnhart, Murl Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Culp, CM Banker Nappanee, Ind. Dickey, Jessie Teacher South Bend, Ind. Dohner, Valorie Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Eichberry, M. L Salesman Akron, Ohio. Frantz, Mae Milliner North Manchester, Ind. Hively, Anna Private Sec ' y of Mission Board. . .Elgin, 111. Minnich, W. B Teacher Brazil, Ind. Phillips, Leta North Manchester, Ind. Yoder, Edward Undertaker Jacksonville, Fla. 1914 — Burr, Thurl Stenographer Chicago, 111. Hoke, Katie Greenville, Ohio. Keeley, Agnes Teacher Maphis, Edna Student Manchester College. Martin, Robert Teacher Superior, Wis. Miller, Earl Farmer Versailles, Ohio. Speicher, Bertha Urbana, Ind. Teel, Lucy Cashier in Bank in Peru Peru, Ind. Thomas, Edna Deceased 1915 — Grochenour, Floyd Farmer Rossville, Ind. Gump, Eff ie Garrett, Ind. Lefforge. Alta Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Mummert, Thelma Ashtabula. Ohio. Replogle, F. G Commercial Teacher Mt. Morris, 111. 1916 — Driver, Gale Student Manchester College. McFan, Inez Stenographer South Bend, Ind. Page 83] Tinkle, Lulu (Rench) Taft, Texas. 1917 — Sterzig, Ruby (Long-) North Manchester, Ind. Clymer, L. Vannas Stenographer Indianapolis, Ind. Brown, Olivia Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Gilbert, Amber Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. Wood, Ralph Princeton, Ind. Klinger, Lucile Deceased 1918 — Ruse, Hazel Stenographer Wabash, Ind. Hale, Lena Stenographer Spokane, Wash. Minnich, Florence Marion, Ind. Shock, Bonnie North Manchester, Ind. Derf , Pauline Wabash, Ind. 1919 — Jenks, Winifred Bookkeeper Wabash, Ind. Lindower, Marie Stenographer Fostoria, Ohio. Lutes, Laveta Syracuse, Ind. Miller, Florence Sterling, Ohio. Rager, Opal North Manchester, I nd. Strauss, Merle Stenographer Nappanee, Ind. Smith, Nila North Manchester, Ind. Oyler, Elsie (Walker) Kokorao, Ind. . Young, Edythe Stenographer North Manchester, Ind. AGRICULTURE 1913 — Myers, Paul Akron, Ohio. 1914 — Fetterhoff, Larry Farmer Pyrmont, Ind. BIBLE DEPARTMENT Three Year Course 1903 — Anglemyer, J. J Minister Williamstown, Ohio. Dolby, Mattie Mt. Morris. 111. (Cunningham) 1905 — Hubbard, L. O Minister Berlin, Pa. Petry, H. H Deceased 1906 — Hazlett, James Minister Rossville, Ind. 1907 — Borough, Samuel Osteopath South Bend, Ind. Sowers, Dorothy (Shafford) Freesoil, Mich. 1908 — Kaylor, J. I Missionary India. Weybright, Nettie (Culler) Syracuse, Ind. 1909 — Wine, Mary (Stoner) Polo, 111. Yoder, C. H Student of U. of S. California Los Angeles, Calif. 1910 — Dickey, J. P Bible Teacher Lordsburg, Calif. 1911 — Byerly, Jesse Farmer Decatur, Ind. Ulrich, Wm Pastor Sterling, 111. Ulrich, Mrs. Wm Sterling, 111. Wine, G. L Pastor Polo, 111. Two Year Course 1896 — Forney, Anna (Shull) Returned Missionary Chico, Calif. 1897 — Baugh, Etta (Tombaugh) Birchwood, N. D. Ulrey, J. Edson Minister Onekana, Mich. 1898 — Hollinger, Elma (Burkett) Redcliff, Alberta, Can. Kreider, Emma (Peterson) South Whitley, Ind. Lichty, Nora (Arnold) . . . .Missionary Deceased. Shanefelt, Mary Cerro Gordo, 111. (Blickenstaff) Steele, Una (Cripe) Walkerton, Ind. Wright, Delia Deceased 1899 — Arendall, Nora (Helmic) Covington, Ohio. Hollinger, S. G Ranchman McFarland, Calif. Layman, J. Theodore Minister Amsterdam, Va. Miller, Mittie Manager Bonnet Co North Manchester, Ind. Parsons, Franklin Mexico, Ind. Smith, Laura (Cripe) Portland, Ind. Speicher, J. B Deceased Souders, F. J Pastor Preston, Minn. Stauffer, Lydia Bible Teacher Elizabethtown, Pa. Winger, Otho Pres. of Manchester College North Manch ester, Ind. 1900 — Garber, Mrs. Emma Fey Bonnet Co Oak Park, 111. Shock, D. Warren Minister Girard, 111. 1901 — Dolby, Mattie Mt. Morris, 111. (Cunningham) Leatherman, J. B Deceased 1902 — Anglemyer, J. J Minister Williamstown, Ohio. Powell, Josie Missionary India. 1903 — Grisso, C. C Pastor Clarkshill, Mich. 1904 — Dull, Lulu (Sanger) Seattle, Wash. Gnagey, Sylvia (Cripe) Glendora, Calif. Keller, W. D Pastor Canton, Ohio. Petry, Harry Deceased Wertenbaker, Wm. H Pastor Los Angeles, Calif. 1904 — Wise, Cora Office Asst. Dr. Stoltz South Bend, Ind. 1906 — Morris James Student Bethanv Bible School ...Chicago, 111. 1906 — Hollinger, S. G McDoel, Calif. Netzley, Wm Farmer Union City, Ind. 1910 — Netzley, Lulu (Jackson) Union City, Ind. Yoder, E. P Belief ontaine, Ohio. [Page 84 1911 — Kaylor. Rosa ( Wagoner). . .Missionary Deceased. Paul, D. W Farmer Huntington, Ind. Butterbaugh, T. D Farmer Silver Lake, Ind 1915 — Brubaker, Mrs. H. A Pastor Pasadena, Calif. Smeltzer, Mrs. J. A Chicago, 111. Sunday School Normal 1912 — Abshire, Bessie VVirtz Va Boyer, Oda (Mitchell) North ' Manchester, Ind. Brown, Nettie Teacher Mooreland, Ind. Grisso, Lillian Missionary India Miller, Edith North Manchester, Ind. Mitchell, Lunette Stenographer Indianapolis, Ind 1913 — Moyer, Lela Student Cook County Hospital ... Chicago, 111. Rarick, Ralph Evangelist Covington, Ohio. 1914 — Haynes. Ira Swayzee, Ind. Hiatt, Ira Minister Muncie, Ind. Mishler, Roy Pastor Kewana, Ind. Wright, Leah Deceased 1915 — Haynes, Walter Swayzee, Ind. 1916 — Dodge, Gertrude (Netzley) Bucyrus, Ohio. Funderburg, Daniel Farmer Markle Ind Funderburg, Flora Markle, Ind. Seitner, Nora Roann, Ind. 1917— Erickson, Olive Tekoa, Wash. Heeter, Tressa Roann, Ind. MUSIC DEPARTMENT Four Year Voice 1913 — Toney, Linnie Boston, Ind. 1917 — Boyer, D. W Music Teacher Manchester College. Four Year Piano 1910 — Studebaker, Alma (Weddle) Muncie, Ind. 1915 — Krieghbaum, Ruth (Ewert) Student Indiana University 1917 — Neff, Bertha Piano Teacher Manchester College 1919— Mertz, Ruth Student Indiana University. ' Three Year Piano 1907— Borough, Lova (Dickey) . . .Osteopath Doctor South Bend, Ind. Rockwell, Mary North Manchester, Ind. Collegeiate Instrumental 1900 — Anglemeyer, Amanda Williamstown, Ohio. (Rodabaugh) Vocal Teachers 1897 — Stahley, Cora (Miller) Vocal Teacher Manchester College 1901 — Brubaker, Ella (Miller) Bast Orange, N. J. ' Culler, George Minister Woodland, Mich. Englar, Ida (Miller) Surray, N. D. Funderburg, Alice (Richer) Atwater, N. T. Stutsman, Margaret Wenatchee, Wash. (Whitmore) 1902 — Stover, Mrs. Isabella Fort Wayne, Ind. 1904 — Dessenburg, E. E Minister Ashland, Ohio. Dessenburg, Anna (Hicks) Ashland, Ohio. Giddley, Ethel (Lower) Kokomo, Ind. 1907 — Stutsman, Sadie I Art and Expression Teacher Manchester, College. 1912 — Heestand, Zuma Student Manchester, College. Morris, Miriam (Fast) .• Mt. Morris, 111. Toney, Linnie Boston, Ind. Weberg, Edith (Tyler) River Falls, Wis. 1913 — Boyer, Daniel Student Manchester College. Flory, Lillian (Moomaw) Defiance, Ohio. 1914 — Chambers, Ruby Music Teacher Middleton, Mich. Myer, Tressa (Burr) Somerset, Ind. Sellers, Elsie ( Sherck) Taylorville, 111. Shultz, Cora (Winger) . . . .Student Manchester College. Wright, C. A Student Manchester College. 1915 — Kriegbaum, Lisle Student in Osteopathic School. . .Kirchsville, Mo. 1916 — Dodge, Gertrude (Netzley) Bucyrus, Ohio. Shepfer, Eva Belle Student Manchester College. Sollenberger, Cora (Harst) Circleville, Ohio. Weller, Russell Farmer Copemish, Mich. 1917 — Robbins, Glenn Grass Creek, Ind. 1918 — Seitner, Nora Roann, Ind. Mertz, Ruth Student Indiana University Bloomington, Ind. 1919 — Heeter, Tressa Roann, Ind. Smith, Ida Galveston, Ind. Vocal Certificate 1907 — Dilling, Josie (Stauft ' er) Chicago, 111. Oaks, Phoebe Nurs-i Woodland, Mich. Page 85] Rose, Nettie Stoner Ladoga. Ind. (Studebaker) 1912 — Delauter, Eva (Domer) Canton, Ohio. 1913 — Stayrook, Mabel (Wren) Belief ontaine, Ohio. 1914 — Pletcher, Edith Goshen, Ind. 1915 — Anderson, Etna North Manchester, Ind. (Wertenberger) Noll, Clara Manchester Bonnet Co North Manchester, Ind. Wine, Mary (Stoner) North Manchester, Ind. 1916 — Hill, Mattie Student Manchester College. Throne, Vera Pioneer, Ohio. Winger. Anna (Ulrey) North Manchester, Ind. Wise, Mabel Wauseon, Ohio. 1917 — Weaver, Mrs. Hattie Bremen, Ind. 1918 — Freed, Sara Williamstown, Ohio. Calendar, Harry Milf ord, Ind. Piano Teachers 1902 — Flora, Elizabeth (Garver) New Windsor, Md. Shroyer, Carrie New Carlisle, Ohio. 1904 — Richer, Glea (Brown) South Whitley, Ind. Wright, Mayme (Swank) Elkhart, Ind. 1906 — Neer, Edna Deceased Porter, Kathryn Akron, Ohio. Rockwell, Mary North Manchester, Ind. 1907 — Miller, Cora (Hazlett) Bradford, Ohio. 1908 — Brandt, Oscar Piano Tuner Lucerne, Ind. Power, Rose (Miller) York N. D. Studebaker, Alma (Weddle) Muncie, Ind. 1910 — Workman, Orpha Stenographic Teacher Manchester College. 1911 — Dodge, Gertrude (Netzley) Bucvrus, Ohio. 1912 — Lesh, Fay (Blue) Flora, Ind. Werberg, Edith (Tyler) River Falls, Wis. 1913 — Moyer, Lela Student Cook County Hospital. . .Chicago. 111. 1914 — Chambers, Ruby Music Teacher Middleton, Mich. Holladay, Ruth (Rarick) . .Deceased Shultz, Cora (Wringer) Manchester College. 1916 — Iffert, Anna Teacher Nappanee, Ind. Ryan, Gladys Music Teacher Bowers, Ind. Piano Certificate 1905 — W r alters, Grace North Manchester Ind. 1912 — Delauter, Eva (Domer) Canton, Ohio. Stayrook, Mabel (Wren) Belief ontaine. Ohio. Oaks, Phoebe Nurse Woodland, Mich. Rose, Nettie (Studebaker) Ladoga, Ind. Dilling, Josie (Stauffer) Chicago, 111. 1914 — Hartsough, Grace (Miller) North Manchester, Ind. Leslie, Wealthy (Workman). Briceton, Ohio. Searer. Myrtle (Cocanour) Wakarusa, Ind. 1915 — Gottschall, Alpha (McKee) North Manchester, Ind. Noll, Clara Manchester Bonnet Co North Manchester, Ind. 1916 — Throne, Vera Pioneer, Ohio. Winger, Anna (Ulrey) North Manchester, Ind. Weaver, Elma Middlebury, Ind. Supervisor ' s Course in Music 1914 — Boomler, Lillian Shepherd, Mont. Brumbaugh, Portia Teacher Covington. Ohio. 1915 — Dickey, Florence Student Bethany Bible School . . . Chicago, 111. Shinkle, Lauretta Teacher Sidney, Ind. 1916 — Ryan, Gladys Music Teacher Bowers, Ind. Shively, Kathryn Clerk North Manchester, Ind. - EXPRESSION 1904 — Brubaker, Edith Reader Los Angeles, Calif. Cunningham, J. A Doctor Chicago, 111. Opperman, Maude Indiana. Werking, J. H Carpenter Detroit, Mich. Warner, Lulu (Niswonger) North Manchester, Ind. 1912 — Greenwalt, Louis (Thomas) Ohio. Kessler, Agnes Student Bethany Bible School. Lautzenhiser, Bertha Student Manchester College. Lewis, Harriett (Wright) Ohio City, Ohio. Shultz, Cora (Winger) Manchester College. Stoner, Florence (Burkett) Ladoga Ind. 1913 — Culp, Ruth (Fast) Dayton, Ohio. Barnhart, Grace (Murray) Wabash, Ind. Olwine, Beatrice (Taney) Decatur, Ind. Toder, Mary ( Shively) North Manchester, Ind. 1914 — Brookins, Mary Teacher New Waverly, Ind. Parmelee, Treva North Manchester, Ind. (Eikenberry) Wilson, Mary (Gump) California. Halladay. Ruth (Rarick) . . Deceased Smith, Lois Teacher Frankfort, Ind. [Page 86 Stoner, E. N Farmer Ladoga, Ind. Thomas, Edna Deceased 1915— Noll, Lulu Butternut, Mich. 1916 — Campbell, Esther Teacher Bowers, Ind. Def ries, Ruth Milf ord, Ind. Bechtelheimer, Neva Gaston, Ind. (Hostetler) Keim, Annie Nam pa, Idaho. Keim, Silas Student McPherson College. Sollenberger, Cora (Hurst). . ' Johnstown, Pa. Tinkle, Lulu (Rench) Taft Texas. Woods, Beulah Teacher Nampa, Idaho. 1917 — Heeter, Tressa Roann, Ind. Stutsman, Winifred i Penant, Sask, Canada. Barnhart, Mabel Indianapolis, Ind. (Stutsman) Leckrone, Orpha North Manchester, Ind. Fields, Ida Student Manchester College. 1919 — Lehman, Delia Student Manchester College. Leslie, Mary Nappanee, Ind. ART DEPARTMENT 1910 — Weddle, Effie Casstown, Ohio. (Butterbaugh) Keever, Orpha (Workman) . Stenographic Teacher Manchester College. 1912 — Friend, Esta (Workman) Colorado Springs, Colo. Myer, Tressa (Burr) Edgemont, S. Dak. 1914 — Holloday, Ruth (Rarick) . . Deceased 1915 — Schubert, Ilo (Gottschall) . . North Manchester, Ind. Wolfe, Grace North Manchester, Ind. 1917 — Tombaugh, Ruth Peru, Ind. 1918 — Humke, Nelle North Manchester, Ind. Thomas, Edna Deceased Wright, Leah Deceased Sollenberger, Opal Teacher Fletcher, Ohio. Supervisor ' s Course in Art 1916 — Ryan, Gladys Teacher Bowers, Ind. Lannerd, Kathryn North Manchester, Ind. HOME ECONOMICS 1916 — Byerly, Lois Decatur, Ind. DeFries, Harriet Teacher Gas City, Ind. 1917 — Reddick, Hazel Plymouth, Ind. Aughinbaugh, Delia North Manchester, Ind. (Peden) Bowman, Edith Huntington, Ind. Snyder, Leia (Grossnickle) Mishawaka, Ind. Delk, Margaret Home Economics Teacher Manchester College. 1918 — Stoner, Edna , Bremen, Ohio. Thomas, Marcella Teacher Kokomo, Ind. Fouts, Ethel Teacher Castine, Ohio. Whitehead, Cecil Syracuse, Ind. Bechtol, Lola Nurses ' Training Chicago, 111. 19 19 — Bonewitz, Marian Teacher Wabash, Ind. Leslie, Mary Nappanee, Ind. Page 87] Aurora (§xxt (§xxm fear in 2tetritttf 1919-1320 TO PROF. KINTNER, Head of our School of Science, who has ably built up his department by his broad scholarship and unstinting efforts as a teacher; who has gained the confidence and good will of the students by his durable optimism and consummate fidelity, as a man. we, the Senior Class of 1 920, dedicate this Aurora. [Page 90 ®lj£ iFamthj ( tmx$ Back Row — (left to right) J. L. HERSHEY — Assistant Business Manager. I. W. MOOMAW — Business Manager. BERTHA LAUTZENHISER— Literary Editor. PROFESSOR V. F. SCHWALM— History Editor. ELIZABETH POSTMA— Assistant History Editor. E. R. FISHER— Photographer. P. D. STONER — Assistant Circulating Manager. C. O. MILLER — Circulating Manager. Middle Row — IDA FIELDS— Art Editor. W. M. BEAHM— Editor-in-chief. MABEL WINGER— Assistant Editor-in-chief. ANNA KEENER— Humor Editor. Front Row — FLORENCE MOYER — .Assistant Humor Editor. MILDRED HOKE — Assistant Literary Editor. Page 91] MARCH! TIME DOES. TIDE DOES. The Flood of Years rolls on apace. The Senior Class has finally come to us. We have no criticisms for those gone before. We have no suggestions for those who follow. We claim no originality — little independence. There have been good Auroras before. There will be better ones hereafter. But this we know: This is our best book. Moreover, it is the best for 1920. It is the Peerless Silver Wedding Memorial. It is the consummation of our efforts to give You a cross-section glimpse of our Alma Mater. It is yours. We also are Sincerely, Class of 1 920. And live we how we can, yet die we must. [Pag-e 92 . L- „.J - Jfc. Virtue is a stronger guard than brass. OTHO WINGER, A. M., D. D., L. L. D. President Professor of Philosophy and Sociology The soul of this man is larger than the sky Deeper than the ocean, or the abysmal dark Of the unfathomed center. — Coleridge. LEVI D. IKENBERRY, A. M., L L. D. Secretary and Treasurer Professor of Astronomy and Geology If there ' s anything- new to be built he will build it, and stay with it till it ' s done if he has to lay the bricks himself. — Miraj. VERNON F. SCHWALM, A. M. Dean of College Professor of History and Political Science He teaches best Because he feels the hearts of all Men in his breast And knows their strength or Weakness through his own. — Taylor. Rally round the teacher. [Page 94 EDWARD KINTNER, A. M. Professor of Chemistry and Biology Deep-sighted in intelligences, Ideas, atoms, and influences. -Butler. J. RAYMOND SHUTZ, A. M. Professor of English and French His heart was in his work, and the heart Giveth grace unto every Art. ■ — Longfellow. WOODFORD W. PETERS, A. M. Professor of Psychology and Education Tis education forms the common mind; Just as the twig is bent, the tree ' s inclined. — Pope. JOHN E. DOTTERER, A. M. Professor of Mathematics and Physics A man of cheerful yesterdays And confident tomorrows. — Wordsworth. Pag-e 95] Faith, hope and salary, these three hut, etc. DANIEL C. REBER, A. M., Pd. D. Professor of Ancient Languages Homo doctus in se semper habet. — Phaedrus. VEDA VOSE, A. M. Professor of English and Composition Reading - maketh a full man. conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. — Bacon. SADIE I. STUTSMAN, A. B., B. E. Professor of English and Expression Yet in herself she dwelleth not Altho ' no home were half so fair No simplest duty is forgot Life hath no dim and lowly spot That doth not in her sunshine share. — Lowell. RUSSELL C. WENGER, B. D., A. M. Professor of Bible Literature and Doctrines A glory gilds the sacred page Majestic like the sun It gives a light to every age It gives but borrows none. — Young. It is a wise head that makes a still tongue. [Pag-e 96 CHARLES A. WRIGHT, B. D., A. M. Professor of Religious Education Religion crowns the statesman and the man, Sole source of public and of private peace. — Young. DANIEL W. BOYER Professor of Voice and Harmony God sent his singers upon earth With songs of sadness and of mirth That they might touch the hearts of men And bring them back to heaven again. — Longfellow . CORA M. STAHLY, B. Mus. Director of Music Music is a thing of the soul — a rose-lipped shell that murmured of the eternal sea — a strange bird singing the songs of another shore. — Holland. BERTHA NEFF Professor of Pianoforte She comes from a musical world, To make our world musical. -Ista. Page 97] Wisdom crjes out in the streets and no man regards her. AMOS R. EIKENBERRY, A. M. Professor of Agriculture God Almighty first planted a garden. — Bacon. MARGARET DELK, A. B. Professor of Home Economics Nothing lovelier can be found In woman, than to study household good. And good works in her husband to promote. — Milton. ORPHA WORKMAN KEEVER, B. Accts. Professor of Stenography and Typewriting To business that we love, we rise betimes. And go to it with delight. — Shakespeare. T. E. GEORGE, Ph. D. Pastor and Lecturer Religion ' s all. Descending from the skies To wretched man, the Goddess in her left Holds out this world, and in her right, the next. — Young. Nothin ' to say my daughter. — Papa Delk. [Page 98 ANNA BOYD, A. B. Critic Teacher I am nothing-, if not critical. — Shakespeare. LILLIAN DINIUS, A. B. Superintendent of Training School Men must be taught as if you taught them not, And things purposed as things forgot. — Page. WILMA BOLINGER, B. E. Critic Teacher Love to one, Friendship to many Good will to all. Pag-e 99] Happy leap year to you. Uttu And now — no more the mimic, life-aped joust, The buttoned sword ' s assault on blunted lance, The studied poise of squirehood ' s copied prance ! We have but played at living. NOW WE MUST! For we have taken knightly vows and donned Our maiden armor, and our spirits chafe To hoof life ' s climbing path — beset, uns afe, With dragon snares. Yet we shall ne ' er despond, But ring a mortal challenge on our shield ' Gainst wroth, or subtly tempting, Monster-Lies, Assail and batter down closed doors, despise Not Evil ' s strength, but, rident, scorn to yield And scale life ' s mountain, as each must, alone, Whose summit is of Heav ' n the threshold stone. President— A. F. MORRIS. Secretary— ANNA KEENER. Treasurer— J. L. HERSHEY. Faculty Adviser— PROFESSOR J. E. DOTTERER. MOTTO — Impossible is un-American. COLORS — Maroon and Cream. FLOWER — American Beauty Rose. To climb steep hills requires slow pace at first. [Page 100 MOY GWONG, A. B. Canton, China Major — History Philophronian — Y. M. C. A. — Volunteer Band. Deputation Committee. First foreign student to graduate from Manchester College. Seest thou a man diligent in his business, He shall stand before kings. Page 101] Forgive others often, yourself never. ALBERT D. HELSER, A. M. Thornville, Ohio Major — Philosophy Student in Bethany Bible School. He has that in his countenance one would fain call master. ARTHUR MORRIS, A. B. North Manchester Major — Agriculture Philophronian; Treasurer M. C. A. A. President C .and O. League. President All-Senior Class. President College Senior Class. 1 count life just the stuff to try the soul ' s strength on; educe the man. « CELESTA WINE, A. B. Chicago, III. Major — English Student in Bethany Bible School. Appareled in celestial light, The glory and the freshness of a dream. BURTON METZLER, A. B. Nappanee, Ind. Major — Bible Student in Bethany Bible School. An intellectual ocean whose waves touch all the shores of thot. Virden, III. LILA BRUBAKER, A. B. Major — Bible Student in Bethany Bible School. Who comprehends her trust and to the same Keeps faithful with a singleness of aim. Wise men ne ' er sit and wail their loss. [Page 102 PAUL STONER, A. B. Ladoga, Ind. Major — Biology Philophronian. Assistant Circulating Manager Aurora. M. C. A. A. — Membership Committee. Y. M. C. A. — Vice president C. and O. League. His eyen twinkled in his heed aright As doon the sterres in a frosty night. MARY TAYLOR, A. B. La Verne, Calif. Major — Home Economics Philolethean— Y. W. C. A. Economics Graduate. Nothing but death shall e ' er divorce my dignities. JOHN METZLER, A. B. Nappanee, Ind. Major — C hemistry Philophronian — C. and O. League. Glee Club. — Manchester Quartette. Y. M. C. A. It is his nature to blossom into song as it is the tree ' s to leaf itself in April. BERTHA LAUTZENHISER, A. B. North Manchester Major — English Philomathean — Literary Editor, Aurora Staff. C. and O. League — M. C. A. A. Volunteer Band. Happy am I; from care I ' m free, Why aren ' t they all contended like me. MERLIN HAWBAKER North Manchester Major — Chemistry Philophronian — Y. M. C. A. Science is like virtue its own exceeding great reward. Page 103] Bless your heart this world ' s a good one. EVERETT FISHER, A. B. Mexico, Ind. Major — English Philophronian — Photographer Aurora. M. C. A. A. — Vice President Volunteer Band. Ten thousand difficulties do not make a doubt. MABEL WINGER, A. B. North Manchester Major — English Philolethean — Assistant Editor-in-chief Aurora. C. and O. League— Y. W. C. A. Volunteer Band — Academic Faculty. She is of so good, so kind, so blessed a disposition that she holds it a vice in her goodness not to do more than she is requested. GLEN A. MOYER, A. B. Alvordton, Ohio Major — Bible Philorhetorian — C. and O. League. M. C. A. A. — Home Visiting Director. Senator Student Council. A man he is of honesty and trust. ANNA KEENER, A. B. Greenville, Ohio Major — Education Expression Graduate — Philolethean. Glee Club — Humor Editor of Aurora. M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A.— Volunteer Band. C. and O. League — Sunday School Teacher. This world ' s no blot for us, Nor blank; it means intensely and means good: To find its meaning is my meat and drink. CLEMMY O. MILLER, A. B., Hagerstown, Ind. Major — Chemistry Philorhetorian — Circulating Manager Aurora. C. and O. League— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. Home Visiting Director. Tho vanquished he would argue still. The dreams ahead are what make each life. [Page 104 I. W. MOOMAW, A. B. Canton, Ohio Major — Agriculture Philorhetorian — Business Manager Aurora. C. and O. League — M. C. A. A. Y. M. C. A. Cabinet — President Student Council Superintendent of West End Sunday School. Volunteer Band. Rich in saving common sense, And, as the greatest only are, In his simplicity sublime. IDA FIELDS, A. B. New Paris, Ind. Major — English. Philomathean — Art Editor Aurora. Secretary All-Seniors — M. C. A. A. Chairman Y. W. C. A. Program Committee. Volunteer Band. Siveet promptings unto kindest deeds Were in her very look We read her face as one who reads A true and Holy Book. JOHN HERSHEY, A. B. Lititz, Pa. Major — Bible. Philorhetorian — Asst. Business Mgr. Aurora. Glee Club— M. C. A A. Chairman Y. M. C. A. Program Committee. Treasurer Volunteer Band. College S. S. Teacher. A full rich nature, free to trust Truthful and almost sternly just. MILDRED HOKE, A. B. Huntington, Ind. Major — Home Economics Expression and Home Economics Graduate. Philomathean — Asst. Literary Editor. C. and O. League— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Volunteer Band. And ' ts my faith that every flower Enjoys the air it breathes. WILLIAM M. BEAHM, A. B. Nokesville, Va. Majors — History and English Philorhetorian — President Volunteers. Editor-in-chief Aurora. West End Sunday School Teacher. M. C. A. A. — C. and O. League. you choose to play. ' — is my principle. Let a man contend to the uttermost For his life ' s set prize. Page 105] There are no Alps. ARTHUR MOTE, A. B. Woodland, Mich. Major — Bible Philophronian — Y. M. C. A. Superintendent of College Sunday School. Advisory Senator of Student Council. Superintendent of Young Men ' s Home. His life was gentle and the elements so mixed in him that nature might rise up and say, ' This was a man. ' ORA MOTE, A. B. Woodland, Mich. Major — Bible Bible — Program Committee of Y. W. C. A. College S. S. Teacher — Volunteer Band. Smooth runs the water where the brook is deep. FRED AUGHINBAUGH, A. B., No. Manchester Majors — Bible and History Philorhetorian. I ' ll see before I doubt, when I doubt prove. ETHEL AUGHINBAUGH, A. B. North Manchester Major — Home Economics Home Economics Graduate. President of Philolethean — Glee Club. The ruffled silence spread again, Like water that a pebble stirs. Baltic, Ohio W. D. FISHER, A. B. Major — History Philophronian — C. and O. League. It is not a few faint wishes But a life long struggle that makes us valiant. Who speaks not truly lies. [Fag-e 106 JESSE SHULL, A. B. Girard, III. Major — Bible Philorhetorian. Pastor Auburn Church. ' Tis with our judgment as our watches; none Goes just alike, yet each believes his own. ADAH BAKER, A. B. Greenville, Ohio Major — Education Philomathean— Y. W. C. A. Volunteer Band — College S. S. Teacher. Editor Oak Leaves. will be conquered, I will not capitulate. MARIE BLICKENSTAFF, A. B. North Manchester Major — Bible Bible — M. C. A. A. — Volunteer Band. Love and be silent. ELIZABETH POSTMA, A. B. Lone Star, Kan. Major — History Philomathean and Bible Society. Ah! if our souls but poise and swing Like the compass in its brazen ring Ever level and ever true. J. D. CROWELL Union City, Ind. Majors — Education and Science Philorhetorian. For here abideth brains, work and counsel, but the greatest of these is counsel. Page 107] Who steals my purse, steals trash. Haitbamua What need to praise our class abroad As class Historians do? What need to laud our valiant acts? We have achieved, and facts are facts. And all we said could never make The past a bit more true. Our splendid work, our worthy deeds, Are all the praises ' 20 needs. Rather we sing the praise of him Whose work has brought us here. The man who risks his life, his name, To help mankind — no thought of fame- He bids us worthily advance The work he holds most dear. Give praise where ' tis supremely due, Dear Prof. — all goes to you. All-seeing heaven, what a world is this! [Page 108 President— DELLA LEHMAN. Vice President — WILBUR BOLLINGER. Secretary-Treasurer — HAZEL DICKEY. Faculty Adviser — SADIE STUTSMAN. COLORS — Crimson and White. Pag-e 109] A habit cannot live on neglect. Lift your horn and cry, Hello! [Pag-e 110 npljnmnr a President— C. E. BAGWELL. Secretary— FLORENCE MOYER. Faculty Adviser — A. R. EIKENBERRY. Page 111] COLORS— Blue and White. Ev ' ry rose is sweeter for the rain. Grief boundeth where it falls. [Page 112 OpeN SesdLne, President— C. M. HILLER. Vice-President— HARRY BOWERS. Secretary and Treasurer — RUTH REBER. Faculty Adviser — W. W. PETERS. COLORS— Ruby Red and Steel Gray. Page 113] So wise, so young, they say do never live Ion? w v •- ? 3 rum batyrh 33 c wer£ The fox barks not when he would steal the lamb. [Pag-e 114 Page 115] Small things make base men proud. 0).. ■ 1 w 4- be j- 0 fl i— -hj P 02 ui 03 0) 02 fl o ft o +J 02 3 02 O fl nj s- o c bo M fl fl ft 01 o 3 Ph a to cp O bn C S ft 02 1— I H H M 02 fl Ul 0) D O S +- +J 5 0) c aj 4-J 03 5 02 3 B 0) rv O Ih 4) 03 03 0) Ph 0 4-1 C-. to 5 a w d S ft 5 e •l-t fl _be EC S to o b bfl 2 5 pq 03 4J s 4) be 4- fl o O OB fl O fl o ■3 C 03 i- o fl B fl 2 3 c C 13 C O ft 02 02 O G 02 4-1 aS 3 a Ul M ft aS O 4-J 03 0) e? bfi fl . 3 PQ 03 w ft £ ' in Ph 0) be 13 3 ft fl aj PP fl (h 0) o 3 03 a) 2 O o be aj w +- 03 3 +J aS o A . 0) 13 0) o Ul b 0) 3 m u o 02 O r- 0) Ph 0) 4-J 3 w T! m 02 ,fl fl 4-J 02 O 4-J O d fn 02 ft 02 02 ph O S ft m J-M 13 aS Ojfl jO 0) £ §S 02 = 4-jrQ O - A 5 4-J O hH ? +j be C fl 4-J 0) 2 02 fl H 02 fl h ■ 0) « Q2 OJtt-J M o flfl gft 4-J fl bo ' E g 03 O +J O j c 02 Q2 fl +J O 4-J V aS pq 0 . X © - s- o £fl (1) - fl 4-J a 0) 4-j 0) 0) 0) fl fl O o +J 02 B 3 B 02 CJ fl 0) ' 3 Ul aj A •rH 02 0) 0) 4J .0 ' 3 0) 4-J 02 bo C 4-J 02 03 O fl 0) Ul 02 02 3 O Jfl i% 02 02 fl 4-J c fl 02 03 i- 0) 02fl 4-j aS 0) fl 1 4-J 0) 0) +- £ p 02 nS 02 tt) fl +j C O be aj fl O C M be 3 4-J 3 O 4-J aj 0) 0) fl 4-J C O fl +JC- D 0 C ° £ c « 3 ° 02 4-J b3 Ul aj _aj H fl 02 4-j o o O - +J ' to 0) p o bo as o a 02 as 4-J Ul o o S 0) fl P o a) P O be a O 0) 0) C S 02 0) .Sift £H 3 O 02 O fl 1— 1 O ; 4-J 03 U 0) r fl P +J ' 03 0) c p bXi ai fl O 0) 4-J aj 4-J Ul O fl O 02 +j aj 4-J Ul fl 4-J 02 -, 02 fl P O be aj fl O 02 O C HH 5H O W s fl p 02 O c M HH O 4-J ' w 0) c p fle-. xn C o bo fl u u 0) X! fl 02 1— i g fl o ui 0) +J N 3 fl Ul c £ 02 4- 3 4-J Ul 02 Sh 02 4-J 4-J O P 1 0) 60 fl 02 01 Sh 02 +J 0) Ph 0) Q +j fl be 0) 03 O u JH 0) ft [Page 116 tMfrfc Pagre 1171 VERNON WINTERS Alvordtcn, Ohio Normal English Philophronian — M. C. A. A. — Y. M. C. A. Volunteer Band. Oh this boy lends mettle to us all. ELIZABETH BLANKENSHIP, New Carlisle, O. Normal English Philolethean — Y. W. C. A. She openeth her mouth with wisdom and in her ton- gue is the law of kindness. VIRGIL IRVIN Creston, Ohio Norma! English Philophronian — M. C. A. A. — Y. M. C. A. Volunteer Band. Hear and believe, thine own importance knoxv. CATHERINE ALSPACH Denver, Ind. Normal English Philolethean. : ' will be the pattern of patience. BURYL E. HOOVER Hastings, Mich. Normal English Philorhetorian — Y. M. C. A. ' Tis a consummation devoutly to be wished. LOLA MURRAY Dayton, Ohio Normal English Philolethean — C. and O. League — Glee Club. M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Cannot is false,. And that I dare not, falser. LENA STOMBAUGH Paulding, Ohio Normal English Philomathean— Y. W. C. A. A demure maiden, of pensive mien. Those that wear summer furs will never die of brain-fever. [Pag-e 113 LOREN KARNS North Manchester Normal English Philorhetorian— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. In the spring a young man ' s fancy, etc., etc., etc. RUTH HOKE Greenville, Ohio Normal English Philomathean— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. We are all her friends perforce. MARY GNODLE Arcanum, Ohio Normal English Philolethean— Y. W. C. A. My woes are tedious, tho my ivords are brief. RUTH HENDRICKS Pioneer, Ohio Normal English Philolethean— Y. W. C. A. Light brown hair, a smile for all, And, oh, a whole lot more. GLADYS DRIVER Lima, Ohio Normal English Philolethean— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Playful smiles do twinkle in her eye. ELVA YEATER Flora, Ind. Normal English Philolethean— M. C. A. A. were better to be eaten to death ivith rust, than to be scoured to nothing with perpetual motion. LOWELL KLEPINGER Dayton, Ohio Normal English and Voice Philorhetorian — M. C. A. A. Glee Club Quartet— Y. M. C. A. And secret laughter tickled all my soul. Pag-e 119] Our content is our best having. RUTH OHMART North Manchester Normal English Philolethean. You would doubt her age And think she were a child. LAWRENCE WHITE Wabash, Ind. Normal English Philophronian — Y. M. C. A. — M. C. A. A. Fullness is always quiet, Agitation will answer for empty vessels only. CLARA BOONE North Manchester Normal English Philomathean. Truth loves open dealing. FHERN CASSEL Bradford, Ohio Normal English Philolethean— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. On a summer ' s day Raked the meadows sweet with hay. WILLIAM MUSGRAVE Williamstown, Ohio Normal English Philophronian— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. Here was one with open heart and eye. ANNA WHISTLER Lizton, Ind. Normal English Philolethean— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. A lass of dimples and laughter was she. FANNY CLARK Normal English Philolethean. Indeed she was never known to frown. Peru, Ind. [Page 120 MABEL RASOR Brookviile, Ohio Normal English Philolethean— Y. W. C. A. Secure whate ' er she gives; she gives the best. MARGARET SMITH Dayton, Ohio Normal English Philomathean— Y. W. C. A. I just laugh at nothing. IVA HELLER Bradford, Ohio Normal English Philolethean— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Beware! I may yet do something sensational. DOROTHY ROSEBRUGH Warsaw, Ind. Normal English Philomathean. Yet will she blush, here be it said To hear her secrets so bewrayed. FERN GROSH Nappanee, Ind. Normal English Philolethean— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. You smiled, you spoke and I believed. DOROTHY YOUNG North Manchester Normal English Philomathean — C. and O. League. Y. W. C. A. And beauty born of murmuring sound Shall pass into her face. FLORENCE MOYER Lansdale, Pa. Home Economics Philolethean — Assistant Humor Editor Aurora. M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Volunteer Band — West End S. S. Teacher. And oil! that eye was in itself a soul. Page 121] Grief is proud and makes his owner stoop. DESSIE HELSER Thornville, Ohio Two Year Piano Philomathean. Softly her fingers wandered o ' er The yielding planks of ivory floor. ALMA LONG Goshen, Ind. Two Year Piano and Voice Bible— Y. W. C. A. Call for those who love her And all who know will answer. ESTA BRENNER Bellefontaine, Ohio Two Year Piano and Voice Philomathean — Glee Club. She xvill sing the savageness out of a bear. ROBERT WISE Anderson, lnd. One Year Business Adelphian— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. Early to bed and early to rise, Makes a man healthy, rvealthy and me. DEXTER PECKINPAUGH Hagerstown, Ind. Two Year Piano Philolethean. My eyes make pictures when they are shut. RUSSEL KLEPINGER Pittsburg, Ohio One Year Business Philophronian— Y. M. C. A. The times are out of joint, oh cursed spite, That ever I was born to set them right. THEODORE GARBER Goshen, Ind. One Year Business Lincoln— Y. M. C. A. Business is my line. Never say fail. [Pagre 122 CHESTER WEIMER North Manchester One Year Business Adelphian— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. Oh, what men dare do, what men may do, what men daily do, that shall I. IRVIN CLINE Ft. Recovery, Ohio One Year Business Adelphian— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. Come, see me pay my debt and then I care not. FREIDA SAILORS North Manchester, Ind. Stenographic Lincoln. A sailor ' s life for me, for aye. MILDRED WOLFE North Manchester Stenographic Philolethean. The good die young My, I must take care of myself. Page 123] Where does Ouija board? Aratomjj iFamltg R. A. ADAMS, Science and Mathematics L. W. SHULTZ, Principal, English ELSIE MILLER, Latin and History tutont Assistants DELLA LEHMAN, History. C. O. MILLER, Science. D. R. MURRAY, Manual Arts. MABEL WINGER, Domestic Science. C. M. HILLER, Commercial. FRANCES WORTH, French. W. R. BOLLINGER, Mathematics. L. C. BLICKENSTAFF, Penmanship. God ' s in his heaven, all ' s right with the world. [Page 124 ht$x% £G-£ Page 125] Pitchers have- ears. GERTRUDE BOOK North Manchester Academic Lincoln — Glee Club. A rosebud in the garden of girls. HARVEY HOSTETLER Payette, Ohio Academic Adelphian— Glee Club— M. C. A. A. Y. M. C. A.— Volunteer Band. Honor goes where honor ' s earned even if not solicited. ROSCOE WINE Chicago, III. Academic Lincoln— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. care not for my good looks but they are a useful article, as it were. RUTH MOYER Aivordton, Ohio Academic Bible— M. C. A. A.— Volunteer Band. Precision ' s my strong point. ETHEL YOUNG Butternut, Mich. Academic Adelphian. If I knew you and you knew vie Our thots would pleasantly agree. CLAYTON SNYDER Mexico, Ind. Academic Lincoln— M. C .A. A.— Y. M. C. A. My curly hair ' s my pride. VERA PETERS New Paris, Ind. Academic Lincoln— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Fancy and mischief ride sparkling in her eyes. GEORGE CHALFANT Arcanum, Ohio Academic Adelphian — M. C. A. A. I am a man more sinned against than sinning. ' Commodity the bias of the world. [Page 126 MARY ZIEGLER North Manchester Academic Lincoln. A heart unspotted is not easily daunted. JESSE COOK Uniondale, Ind. Academic Adelphian— M. C. A. A.— Y. M. C. A. Where I could not be honest I never yet ivas valiant. HARRY LANDIS North Manchester Academic Adelphian — M. C. A. A. Dalk not to me bond maidens rare, Dere wasn ' t any kind combare Mit one I haf in view. RUTH GREEN North Manchester Academic Lincoln. Roann, Ind. Tell me where is fancy bred, In the heart or in the head. CARRIE SAUSEMAN Academic Adelphian. They have rights who dare maintain them. JOHN SCHWORM Howe, Ind. Academic Lincoln— Y. M. C. A. I ' d rather keep that which I have than, coveting for more, Be cast from possibility of all. RUPERT MONCE North Manchester Academic Lincoln — M. C. A. A. So much a long communion tends To make us what we are My very books and I grew friends. GENEVIEVE BRUBAKER North Manchester Academic Adelphian— M. C. A. A. Y. W. C. A. 1 chatter, chatter, as I go. Page 127] Keep the corners of your mouth turned up. GLADYS CHAMBERS Middleton, Mich. Academic Lincoln. ' ■There is nothing half so sweet as love ' s young dreams. GALEN LEHMAN North Manchester Academic Adelphian. know not whether I am proud, But this I know I hate the crowd. RALPH K. MILLER North Manchester Academic Lincoln — M. C. A. A. He only wins who tries. ZELMA BEERY West Alexandria, Ohio Academic Bible— Y. W. C. A. Like the unchanging sun Clears and improves whate ' er it shines upon. MARY LEHMAN Creston, Ohio Academic Adelphian— M. C. A. A.— Y. W. C. A. Volunteer Band. I count this thing to be grandly true That a noble deed is a step toward God. Roann, Ind. CLIFFORD BIDDLE Academic Adelphian — M. C. A. A. ' Tis sweet to love But, ah, how bitter To love a girl And then not git her. LEONARD EBBINGHOUSE, No. Manchester . Academic Lincoln — M. C. A. A. I was not born under a rhyming planet. HAROLD HOLLINGER Redcliff, Alta, Can. Academic Lincoln — M. C. A. A. Even to the crumbs I ' d fain eat uz the feast Ay, nor feel queasy. A mind quite vacant is a mind distressed. [Pag-e 128 ACADEMY JUNIORS Page 129] ACADEMY SOPHOMORES It isn ' t the fact that you ' re dead that counts. ACADEMY FRESHMEN N _ - Aratomg § t xbmt$ 1910-1020 JUNIORS (Back — left to right). Miller, Neff, Heisey, Witters, Weaver, Jackson, Miller, Hoke, Albaugh, Thomas, Smith, Priser, Hummer, Young, Early, Crill, Norris, Fisher, Humbert, Noll, Grossnickle, Delk, Hoffman, Coblentz. SOPHOMORES Hendricks, McCoy, Rhodes, Stutsman, Rogers, Horn, McCoy, Kintner, Hawkins, Brooks, Fisher, Rudy, Eberwine, Mosier, Hollinger, Brooks, Gerber, McKee, Weller, Coblentz, Neher, Thomas. _ { FRESHMEN Vorhees, Renner, Patrick, Weimer, Hummer, Coblentz, Root, Sargent, Metzger, Wine. Patience is sorrow ' s salve. [Pag-e 130 3 PE.CIAL vvsf ? Page 131] SPECIAL MUSIC STUDENTS Music at its best is refining and inspiring; an indicator of the real school spirit. Prof. Cora M. Stahley has general charge of this department being as- sisted by Prof. Daniel Boyer and Miss Bertha Neff instructor in piano. The Boys ' and Girls ' Glee Clubs gave combined and separate programs in Indiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania, while the College Male Quartet has met with public favor. This year the chorus class is preparing to give an oratorio, The Prodigal Son. For those who wish special training as leaders of song, a class has been organized. This department is indeed worthy of praise for its steady growth and splen- did results that have marked the past year ' s work. It stands as an invaluable asset to the students of Manchester College. [Pag-e 132 Pag-e 133] EXPRESSION STUDENTS iExprraaum Ikpartmettt The Expression Department this year has been one of the busiest and most interesting of the various departments of the college. The class in Expres- sion I. was so large during the fall and winter terms that it was necessary to divide it. The work taken up was practically the same as the second year work of other years — taking up Voice, Fundamentals, Phonics, Public Speak- ing, and Story Telling. Two different texts Avere studied and a number of the Idylls of the King were read and discussed in class. We doubt if anyone ever heard more clever or witty after-dinner speeches than were given at the imaginary banquets which the class held. Because of the change in the character of the First Year Expression outline, there was no class in Expression II. this year. The class in Expression III. has been small but mighty. Misses Hoke, Lehman, and Keener make up the personnel of this class. In the early part of the winter term, they gave an interesting program, consisting of poems and stories used in the form of a play. Then we watched them, always absorbed in a book for several mouths, until one morning came a little note to their many friends and the Faculty asking them to come and listen while they gave those books from memory, and in character. Miss Lehman as Ramona, the Indian girl, by Helen Hunt Jackson; Miss Keener as the poor little newsboy Michael O ' Haloran, by Gene Stratton Porter, and Miss Hoke as Willie, in Booth Tarkington ' s book entitled Seventeen. Poise is power repeat the Expression Students as they close their books for the year. Nimble mischance thou art so light of foot. [Page 134 Page 135] Jesters do often prove prophets. GInmmerrial iepartment All business enterprises depend for their success upon the ability of those who undertake them. The world is crying for young men and women of strong moral conviction and business ability. The Commercial Department is glad to supply a part of this demand. Our aim is first, to explain the methods by which one may become more successful and second, to provide the mental drill which if carried out systematically will increase commercial proficiency. Two bookkeeping classes have run throughout the year. After the resigna- tion of Mr. Blough, Mr. Cletus Hiller took charge of this work and has proven himself an able instructor. Two classes in Gregg Shorthand were conducted. The typewriting students have done creditable work and have been of valuable assistance to the Oak Leaves Staff and others. Under the supervision of Mr. Blickenstaff several of the penmanship stu- dents have become the possessor of a Certificate of Proficiency, issued by the Zanerian School, of Columbus, Ohio. The year 1919-20 has been a successful one both in the number of students and the character of the work done. Home again, Home again, America for me. [Page X36 H  R R in u o ft o u w w s o s Page 137] AGRICULTURE STUDENTS Agrirulture The first farmer was the first man, and all historic nobility rests on possession and use of land. — Emerson. One of the coming departments at Manchester College is that of Agriculture. Under the guidance and efficient leadership of Prof. A. E. Eiknberry it pro- mises to become one of M. C. ' s greatest attractions. During the past year classes were given in Soils, Farm Economics, Dairy- ing, Farm Mechanics, Farm Management ' ' and other phases of farm activities. In several classes, however,, the work was handicapped because of lack of ma- terials and equipment. This year there were thirty-four enrolled in this depart- ment. There were plenty of students but not enough equipment. We are promised more and better things next year. Too many people think of farming as an occupation in which failures in other lines can succeed. Anyone can farm. Of what use is an education to a farm er? Is there any wonder why the farmer has always been considered as belonging to a low class of society? We hope that these views will soon be a thing of the past. People are beginning to look upon farming not as a mere occupation but as a business, and as a business man the farmer needs an educa- tion. Farmers are the back-bone of our church and nation. Realizing this M. C. is putting forth greater efforts along this line. With the same efficient leader and better equipment for next year prospects are bright, indeed. I Know of no pursuit in which more real and important service can be rendered to any country than improving its agriculture. — George Washington. My own thots are my companions. [Page 138 SPECIAL BIBLE TERM STUDENTS BEGUIAR BIBLE STUDENTS Page 139] Get away from the crowd awhile and think. ®tje lible Hepartumtt AXCHESTER COLLEGE was founded in the interest of Bible Study, and after twenty-five years of growth it is consoling to bear testimony to the fact that interest in the Bible has also grown. The College stands for that particular brand of training called Religious Education. The aim is the development of sym- metrical Christian Character. The Bible is the great Source-book for this purpose. It is the entire library of the Hebrew people. Today we rightfully regard it as the moral and Spiritual guide for all men, He who knows his Bible can not be said to be uneducated, is the expression of a man who realizes the value of the Bible. The renewed interest in Bible Study this year (1919-20) bears testimony to the truth of the above quotation. The Fall term opened with a liberal number of students enrolled in this department. In the absence of Professor R. C. Wenger, Miss Anna Beahm, a former student of the college and also of Bethany Bible School assumed the responsibility of teaching the Bible classes. She did excellent work and there was an encouraging response. At the beginning of the New Year (Jan. 6th, ' 20) the Special Bible Term opened with more enthusiasm than ever before. Professor Wenger also began his work at this time. If the many expressions of approbation are to be taken as indicative of the real worth of the Bible Term, it certainly was a success. Immediately afterward the students settled down to regular class work with renewed enthusiasm. The number enrolled in the Bible classes for the Spring term almost equals that of the winter term. These students are doing standard work, and are keenly interested in their courses. In the future the Bible Department is to be given equal recognition with the other departments of the college in scholarship, and in the literary training it offers. As the Aurora goes to press the Bible Society is being reorganized. A new constitution has been adopted and the work to be done will be of col- legiate literary standard. The Bible Society is making a specialty of training in those lines which equip the student for Christian leadership. Its programs are to include such numbers as will afford literary training equivalent to that of the other college societies, with the added advantage of Special training in Christian service, and research in Biblical and Social problems. The results of Bible Study and of spiritual growth are being felt throughout the student body at Chapel hour. On Thursday, March 7th, the Student Mis- sion Drive of the Church of the Brethren, under the auspices of the Inter- Church World Movement, Avas presented to the students, and Faculty. Presi- dent Winger explained briefly the Inter-Church World Movement and the un- precedented opportunity which it has brought to all Christendom. He further emphasized the particular opportunity and privilege accorded the Students in the Brethren Colleges, in that they have a chance to co-operate in such a great cause. The Spirit of love and sacrifice took hold of the students and, in re- sponse to the appeal, over $2,500 was pledged. None are more ready than College men and women who have been taught. Today, just as in the days of Josiah, King of Judah, and of Ezra the scribe, the study of God ' s word brings about social and moral regeneration. Cast thy bread upon the waters, for thou shalt find it after many days, Ecc. 11. A prophet always assumes a grave responsibility. This is particularly true if his prophecy is predictive. But, if vaticination is permissible, the Bible De- partment of Manchester College will be stronger and more effective as the years grow on. For they conquer who believe they can. [Fagre 140 Pag-e 141] tpf WEST END SUNDAY SCHOOL The growth of the Band this year has been more substantial than pheno- menal. Rather, as the gentle rain wooes the plants to grow than as the earth- quake heaves them up, has the Lord added unto us daily such as should volun- teer. Moreover, there was a constant and definite effort put forth to hold up all the duties of a volunteer so that the standard of purpose be held high. For it is not only volunteers that the world needs, but missionaries. Christ never hid his scars to win a disciple. The Band has grown to eighty. These have been knit together by fellowship of purpose in the weekly meetings. The West End S. S. has had a wholesome year under the appreciated leader- ship of I. W. Moomaw. Not the least of services done for that work Avas the abandon with which such students as Charles Garber, and Eldon Burke made fires, swept the rooms, conveyed teachers, and contributed other unofficial, yet necessary aid. Deputation teams have kept the Band in constant touch with the Indiana Churches. Home visiting teams have brought cheer into Manchester homes and growth to the spirit of service in the Band. The volunteers have practiced systematic giving and intercession throughout the year. J. H. B. Williams, J. M. Blough, and H. A. Claybaugh gave talks to the Band during the respective terms of school. Six delegates attended the Student Volunteer Convention held at Des Moines, Iowa, Dec. 31 to Jan. 4. Their reports and subsequent efforts added materially to the sentiment of Mis- sions and volunteering. The large delegation which attended the state conven- tion at Earlham College also returned aglow with enthusiasm. Withal, the Band has endeavored to be a religious asset to the environment of the College. Where words are scarce they seldom are in vain. [Page 142 COLLEGE SUNDAY SCHOOL BANNER CLASS Pag-e 143] MINISTERIAL ASSOCIATION For by his face straight shall you know his heart. HOME DEPARTMENT Heaven ' s eternal year is thine. [Page 144 Pag-e 145] Y. W. C. A. CABINET BACK — left to right — Florence Moyer, Membership; Mary Taylor, Treasurer; Delia Leh- man, President; Hazel Dickey, Social; Thorold Geyer, Finance. FRONT — Esther Beahm, Undergraduate Field Representative; Ida Fields, Program; Mil- dred Hoke, Secretary; Marie Goshorn, Chorister; Mabel Keller, Publicity. $. W. E. A. The Blue Triangle has had another splendid year in Manchester College. Most of the girls have considered it a means of growth to be a member of this association. The girls ' parlor has held a favorite half-hour recreation each Tuesday evening, when the Y. W. C. A. met there. In these meetings we have gleaned some truths which have be- come a part of us and which we shall never forget. In the words of our newly elected president, The Y. W. C. A. stands for the Young Women ' s Christian Association but, in a bigger sense, it also stands for Youth, Womanhood, Christianity, and Association all over the world, and as it especially appeals to us, in our own college. An ideal has been given us which reveals the life of the master whose cause the Y. W. C. A. repre- sents, and also makes our own lives richer, deeper, gladder, and becomes a life sym- phony. It is Van Dyke ' s Footpath to Peace, — To be glad of life because it gives you the chance to love, and to work and to play and to look up at the stars; to be satisfied with your possessions but not contented with yourself until you have made the best of them; to despise nothing in the world except falsehood, and to fear nothing except cowardice; to be governed by your admirations rather than by your disgusts; to covet nothing that is your neighbor ' s except his kindness of heart, and gentleness of manners; to think seldom of your enemies, often of your friends, and every day of Christ; and to spend as much time as you can with body and with spirit, in God ' s out-of-doors — these are the little guide-posts on the foothpath to peace. Keep Sweet. [Page 146 Y. M. C. A. CABINET BACK — Left to right — John Hershey, Program; Paul D. Stoner, Membership; I. W. Moo- maw, Group Study; Forbes Norris, Employment; Cletus Hiller, Vice-president; Huber Den- linger, Treasurer. FRONT — Winfield Bagwell, Secretary; Harold Chambers, President. |. m. l a. This Religious organization of the college has held an effective position among the students this year. All the committees have been very enthusiastic workers and, as the year draws nearer to a close the books show that over ninety-five per cent of the fellows have received membership cards. The officials together with our Faculty adviser have tried in every way to make the life of the organization as democratic as possible. Some of the main objectives of the Y. M. C. A. in Manchester are: To lead students to Faith in God thru Jesus Christ, to lead students to service and membership in the church ; to promote a positive moral and religious college spirit ; to stimulate well-rounded development in mind and body ; to promote a good social life in the college, and to serve men in as many ways possible, by affording employ- ment, social training, physical exercise, interesting and stimulating literary features, and Bible study. Page 147] Time wasted is existence, used is life. Stye MmB § tutottt (Eounril The advent of the Men ' s Student Council of Manchester College, Dec. 10, 1919, marks the beginning of a new era of applied democracy in the institution. On that date, at a meeting called to consider the matter, the young men of the home decided, almost unanimously, to organize a system of self-government. The organization was in no sense super-imposed. Neither was it initiated be- cause of any feeling of previous injustice, but rather of a growing conviction that the men of Manchester College are big enough to control themselves, at the same time relieving the management of unnecessary responsibility. The purpose of the council, as avowed in the preamble to its constitution, is, To promote the spirit of good fellowship, to more fully co-operate with the school management, to provide for the best interests of all concerned, and to exalt the ideal of self -direction. The official body of the organization is the Senate, which consists of twelve members. Two are elected from the first floor of the dormitory, three from each of the other floors, and four from the body at large. All Senators are elected for a term of two years. The president, vice-president and secretary- treasurer are elected annually by the Senate from its own members. On Jan. 28, the newly elected Senate met and chose its officers. I. W. Moomaw was elected president, Forbes Norris, vice president, and Huber Denlinger, secre- tary-treasurer. Under their capable supervision the organization has been set- in motion and is doing its work effectively. The jurisdiction of the council ex- tends over all residents of the Young Men ' s Home. It is authorized to deal with all cases of ungentlemanly conduct on the campus and in the home. The motto of the council is the Golden Rule. Its foundation is the justice of rep- resentative government. Its executive power is the crystallized sentiment of the home, enforced by authority. The Men ' s Student Council is a new organization and is feeling its Avay very deliberately. But the conviction is growing that it has come to stay and that it will play no small part in the regulation of the social life of the institu- tion. What ' s more miserable than discontent. [Page 148 THE MANCHESTER QUARTET Left to Right — Lowell Klepinger, first tenor; Harry Bowers, accompanist; Amsey Bollin- ger, second tenor; John Metzler, first bass; Harold Chambers, second bass. ©tie iManrljeaier (jjteartrt The Manchester Quartet has marked a new advance in student efforts for public service. They have organized and practiced faithfully during the fall and winter terms and are now giving the student body and surrounding high schools the fruits of their work and talent. Their public program given at the College March eleventh was well re- ceived by the students and townspeople. Their repertoire was well arranged and ample. Their work in other towns has brot much credit to the institution as well as entertainment to the audiences. Page 149] Thro, all the coming years, just be glad. Stye QL anfc (§ He agu? The League has been of Majestica ' s progeny. Since her dissolution the con- stitution was revised and work went on with more intensity and extensiveness than before. Due to the substantial support of the Lyceum Course this year the Commit- tee under the League ' s direction was enabled to add three extra numbers to the original five. The lecturers were Arthur Evans, Lincoln McConnel, Edgar Banks, Frank Bohn. Two dramatic reading programs were given by Sara Wil- mer and Ann Irene Larkin. The musical programs were given by the DeMille Quartet and the Sam Lewis Company. The course for next year is being planned on the basis of even more hearty response and a larger auditorium. Watch the League ! Debating is coming again into its own. The League has gained favor and ex- perience by its increased activity in the inter-class and collegiate forensics. The Junior team, Delia Lehman, Harlen Brooks and Margery Gump won the inter-class pennant. Oratory also has fed fat. Peace and Reconstruction problems are the burn- ing issues of the hour. The contest was held March 12. Mabel Winger won first place. Entry was also made in the State Peace Contest by Delia Lehman. Such is the group of activities which the League purposes to pursue next year. Watch the League ! Each day is the scholar of yesterday. [Pagre 150 won — Lehman. Braid, Beiswonger, DEBATING TEAMS Affirmative — Manchester vs. Mt. Morris — Manchester Wyne (alternate). Negative — Manchester vs. Goshen — Manchester won — Royer, Hoff, Bright, Winters (alter- nate — Resolved, That the United States should adopt a system of compulsory arbitration for all labor disputes — Professor J. Raymond Shutz, Coach. Affirmative — Manchester vs. Lancaster High School Teachers — Lancaster won — Fisher, Replogle, Heestand, Scrogum (alternate) — Resolved that the employe as such should have a voice in the government of the corporation. Page 151] Maybe Bacon wrote Shakespeare and he didn ' t get it. ®Jje fbnpmn? ©ask of tlj? Amrrtnm Homan ECONSTEUCTION has been denned as the rebuilding of the Life of Humanity. We are facing today the greatest problem of recon- struction that the world has ever known. Just now each individual who feels his responsibility as a citizen of the world is asking what he can do in this great work. He is asking what can be done to stop the war with its ravages and to insure peace. What will en- courage all that is highest and best in our civilization! What will cause men and women to realize that they are not created to degrade and de- stroy one another brutally in sordid struggles for place and power, but to ' up- lift one another to nobler aims and greater achievements. These world wide questions come to the American woman today with no less force than to the American man. She is striving to find that work for which she is best fitted and by which she can be of the most service to her day and generation. As the Avoman of 1920 stands facing these problems she has a dif- ferent view than the woman of a century ago. Our foremothers had but one door open to them. They did not have the privilege and duty of discriminating and deciding what should be their field of work. In contrast to that the woman of today stands in the Hall of Life and into this hall there are as many doors opening as to those of the opposite sex. Through one door she may have en- trance to the social life, through another into the political life, and through an- other into the professional life, into the economical, or into the home life. As the woman of today surveys these various fields of work and their rela- tion to the needs of the world, she finds that the Supreme task of the American woman, as she stands as the leader of the women of the world is to purify, strengthen, broaden and uplift the American home and in some way to raise the ideals and practices of the homes of our sisters over there. But again, the question, does the home play large enough part in our community life, in our national life and in our international life for the American woman to spend her best thoughts and energy, and in fact her whole soul for the work? The answer comes quickly and strongly, Yes. The greatest need of the world today is a more Christian citizenship. The first institution with which a citizen comes in touch and in which he receives his first and basic principles of life is the home. This organization, the smallest and the oldest in human history is vitally related to the community life. It is God ' s great agency in preparing the social soil for every other institution. The success of every other institution depends upon it and the efficient organiza- tion of its activities. It is in the home above all other places where human values receive their just recognition. The home is the factory for the production and development of raw material of society. It is here that the twig is bent. It is in the environ- ment of the home that each new generation of men and women is prepared for participation in community affairs. Where we find the improperly func- tioning family, we shall find disturbed community life. That community and that nation will be relatively strong where the prevailing type of relationship in the home predisposes the individuals produced by the families to that sort of social co-operation upon which the nation must rely for her progress. Loyalty, gratitude, fairness, forbearance, sympathy and constancy are the basic rela- [Pag-e 152 tions in all human groups, whether family or community. It is only through the exercise of these qualities in every range of life that human personality is to be enlarged and our relations as human beings in society are to be placed on a strong basis. The home is the nursery of these primary social qualities. Except as the in- dividual learns in the home the elemental social relations, he comes into society disadvantaged and the purpose of our community life is retarded. The way in which the community conducts its affairs reacts on the home. The way in which the home functions determines what sort of persons shall constitute our com- munities and what ideals they shall contribute to the common welfare. The same principles of relationship that exist between the community and the home exist between the nation and the home. To assure ourselves of this we need only to glance at the present condition of some of the nations. Russia, whose home life is in utter confusion has a government which is in the same condition. Germany, whose homes have held for the past seventy-five years that Might Makes Right, finds herself defeated after four years of suffering and bloodshed. The pagan ideas and ideals which are held, supreme in the homes of India and China are parallel with those of the nations. So it is with every nation, its standard tends to be the standard of each home. Being conscious of the place which the home occupies in the life of a nation the American woman realizes, as a leader of this institution she must have that general education which will give her a greater appreciation and knowledge of present day problems and their relation to her work. By this means she will also receive those ideals which our nation has or should have for the future and will enable her to interpret them and make them a reality in her sphere of life. This endeavor will bring her face to face with the task which must be accomp- lished by the American woman for our nation and other nations during this period of Reconstruction. First, to purify the homes by ridding them of the un- sanitary conditions which are diseasing and degrading the lives of thousands of our citizens. Second, to broaden the home from the narrow sphere of inter- ests, in which many of our homes are existing today and create in them an in- terest for the welfare and finer achievements of their f ellowmen. This will give to the members of the home a greater appreciation and a vision of responsibil- ity and opportunity for the possibilities which lie before them. Third, to uplift the home from the plane of society which it occupies, especially in the large slum districts of our cities, immigration settlements of our country, and in many of the foreign countries, and place it in a position which is relative to its importance. The general atmosphere of our homes should be such that they will give to the plastic minds of nations such home training and experience that will make for the world strong and healthy citizens. Above al l it should hold up the story of the life of that Christ upon whose principles and teachings is the only sure foundation for any individual to build. It is only when the homes of our nation and other nations produce the type of men and women who are willing to stand staunch and true on the principles of the Prince of Peace that this old world will be made safe for democracy. During the war many appeals came to the American women for help for those who were suffering from the horrors of war. One of the most urgent ap- peals appeared in one of our leading magazines. They said, We need an army of women ready and eager to perform whatever service may be asked of them Fag-e 153] for the sake of their country. In order that this service may be most effective we asked that they work in women ' s organizations already existing through their State division of the Woman ' s Committee of the Council of National De- fense. We do not wish to create any more organizations but to see that those already created co-operate helpfully. We urge that not one line of helpful ser- vice already begun be allowed to lapse. We ask that all women combine to keep life steady, normal, and sane and that everywhere a spirit of cheerful courage, patriotic co-operation and a high resolve be cultivated. Women of all creeds and Nationalities who call America their country must stand together, forgetting all differences in one great likeness — their desire to be of service. The American women heard this appeal for co-operation and service from our sisters across the sea and they answered the call in the same manner that our Nation responded to many of the other foreign appeals. Now that the war is over the call rings out louder than ever before. That same spirit of co- operation and service is called for, only in a greater degree. They are laying the foundations for new homes and new Nations and they are looking to the American women for help during the days of Reconstruction the same as they received help during the days of Destruction. The young American woman, trained in intellect, strong in physique, has an unequalled opportunity. Her home is provided with modern domestic equip- ment which makes the duties of her house easy and light. She can have time for interest in her fellowmen if she does not aspire to the position of a society leader, or to make her home an art museum and a center for social functions. She has a freedom possessed by the women of no other land. She should have a will and a conscience inherited from her Pilgrim foremothers which will carry her through the difficulties and enable her to remove the obstacles in the way of her sisters of an unfair chance. To lift, broaden, strengthen, and purify the home for all classes is the Su- preme task of the American woman. The home is the spring of civilization, and upon its safeguarding depends the permanency of other institutions. This is the mission for which the American woman is fitted by temperament, by training, by gifts, and by opportunity. She is conscious of the burden upon her shoulders and as she goes forth, she goes with that prayer upon her lips, — I do not ask that Thou shouldst take away The burden Thou didst choose for me; Since it was Thine own tenderness that lay It on me; chose its weight and what should be Its breadth and length But I do ask that Thou shouldst give Sufficing strength. I do not ask that Thou shouldst still the noise The din, confusing work of earth, But that Thou give my soul the even poise To choose and balance and to see men ' s worth. Not strife to cease. But in its midst Thy strength and love. Should give me peace. I do not ask relief of silence sweet To bring refreshment to my soul, Wood-templed hills, or ocean ' s rhythmic beat To make my troubled spirit calm and whole And give me rest. But fitting strength and power to need Thou givest best. MABEL E. WINGER. [Pagre 154 BmittitB MONG the student organizations at Manchester College, the college literary societies are not of least importance. In fact work done in a well organ- ized and successfully conducted literary society is invaluable and is of such a nature as not to be gotten in any other way. While literary work alone is possibly not enough to justify the maintenance of a college, yet many students in reflecting upon their liberal arts courses state that the work in the literary societies has been most lasting and most profitable. The out-of-school life is becoming more and more public and as a result the individual has greater need for the ability to express himself in an in- telligent and forceful manner. The phenomenal growth of the Liberal Arts department of Manchester began in 1912. Up to this time the literary activities of the college students were distributed along with the students of the various other departments among the Bible, Lincoln and Adelphian societies. No reflection at all is to be cast upon these organizations but rather praise. Many of M. C. ' s alumni look back upon the above societies with the fondest and sincerest recollections. These societies continue to exist as active organ- izations and are true to the spirit of their founders and to the purposes of their Alma Mater. The Bible Society has heen reorganized recently in such a way as to be fully recog- nized by the college for standard literary work. It is open for membership to any stu- dent in the institution who is not an active member in another society. The Adelphian and Lincoln societies are open for membership to all students not of college standing or not active in the Bible Society. As a mark of progress, the past year has seen the dissolution of the Majestica Liter- ary Society and the organization of four societies for Liberal Arts students to succeed it. A brief history of Majestica is in place. We the Liberal Arts students of Manches- ter College in order to form a more beneficial society, to prepare ourselves for future usefulness, to improve our industrial, social, moral and intellectual talents and in order to promote the general welfare of Manchester College do organize ourselves into a literary society. ' ' Motivated by the ideals set forth in the above preamble, the Liberal Arts students of the college met in the chapel on the evening of the eighteenth of November 1912, and began what later became the Majestica Literary Society. In addition to the regular literary work, Majestica was instrumental in organizing the Intercollegiate Triangular Debate with Goshen, Mt. Morris and Manchester Colleges. She brought into existence the popular college paper, Oak Leaves, and later organized the Civic and Oratorical League. The above, is an enviable piece of work and is work of which any Majestican can well be proud. But in the fall of 1919, the number of students of college standing had grown so large that Majestica was unable to mother all of them and to keep them busy. As a result, December the sixth, witnessed the final program of the Majestica Literary So- ciety which lives now only in the hearts and memories of those who shared her activi- ties and imbibed her spirit. Instead of Majestica there are at present four societies, two for the men and two for the ladies, which are known by the following names : Philomathean and Philolethian for the ladies and Philorhetorian and Philophronean for the men. Affiliations exist between the Philomathean and the Philorhetorian societies and between the Philolethian and the Philophronean societies. This affiliation is effective for an occasional social or literary program together. These societies are organized for effective work and already several very splendid programs have been rendered. The standards in the societies are high and all members are enthusiastic in the accomplishment of them. While there is a general faculty literary committee and each society has a faculty advisor, the organizations are exclusively of, by, and for the students. Page 155] There is no virtue like necessity. w H hi ! hi H W . [Page 156 Page 157] H o n w w « o H W Page 159] n H o o 09 w n n [Fag-e 160 Pag-e 161] o o Attjlettra MANCHESTER COLLEGE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION BACK ROW — C. M. Hiller, Pres.; S. I. Stutsman, Ladies ' Director; A. F. Morris, Treasurer. FRONT ROW — R. A. Adams, Academy Director; J. F. Ulery, Coach; Margery Gump; A. R. Eikenberry, Faculty Adviser. Pagre 163] Gold that huys health can never be ill-spent. BACK ROW — Stauffer; Heeter; Norris, Capt.; Ulrey; Klepinger. FRONT ROW — Wyne, Sub.; Hiller, Coach; Tombaugh, Sub. Record of Games Wheaton at Manchester 54 Mt. Morris at Mt. Morris 42 Wheaton at Wheaton 30 Defiance at Manchester 117 Goshen at Goshen 89 Mt, Morris at Manchester 41 Total points for Manchester 333 Total points for opponents 21 48 39 8 6 27 149 [Page 164 fl A A f, GIRLS ' CALISTHENICS Winners of Tournament Honors SPARTANS Hershey, Shaffer, Murray, White, Fairburn. Pagfe 165] Health is the vital principle of bliss. Mushrooms. Second place in the Basket Ball Tournament. Hiller, Bright, Whitehead, Hoover, Kindy. Academy Team. Delk, Patrick, Rogers, Hen- dricks, Winger, Noll. Manchester vs. Defiance. Basket Ball Game. Winners of Tennis Tournament. Stauffer, Ulrey. Poor Tom ' s a-cold. [Page 166 Haste thee, Nymph, and bring with thee Jest and youthful Jollity, Quips and Cranks and wanton Wiles, Nods and Becks and wreathed Smiles, Such as hang on Hebe ' s cheek, And love to live in dimple sleek; Sport that wrinkled care derides, And Laughter holding both his sides. Come, and trip it, as you go, On the light fantastic toe. Pag-e 167] There is ever a song somewhere, my dear. 8teb 3fott?r lags SEPTEMBER 8 — Welcome to Manchester College. 9 — Dean Schwalm views the new stu- dent during enrollment. Introduction of new faculty members at evening cnapel exercises. 10 — Prof. Winger, in chapel: We ' re glad that there are so few conflicts. Hope you will all soon feel at home. 11 — Predominating remark, Who is at your table? 12 — Faculty welcomes students by social in gymnasium. 13 — Lincolns and Adelphians have pic- nics, and are busy comparing num- bers of new memberships. 14 — Who is homesick the first Sunday ! ! ! 15 — Boys go corncutting and enjoy a square meal. 16 — Girls become acquainted with the Blue Triangle. 17 — Mabel Funderburg writes daily ten- page letter home. 20 — M. C. A. A. organized. Drive for membership. 21 — Rain! Rain! Umbrella brigade. 23 — Y. W. entertains with an Indian par- ty. We shall always remember the Indian party, including the bonfire, wigwam, stunts, Indian tribes, water- melon treat, and serenading the boys ' dorm with Red Wing and Long, Long Trail. 24 — Sophomores wisely promendate to woods for a picnic. OCTOBER 4 — Bachelor ' s Club organized!!! 5 — College Sunday School renews pledge to Laura Shock in China. 8 — When the frost is on the pumpkin And the fodder ' s in the shock! 11 — Autumn program given by Majestica. Amsey Bolinger finds a red ear of corn??????? 15 — First number of Lecture Course given by DeMille quartet. 17 — Senior meetings begin. 18 — Mock session in senate at Majestica, Bills decided upon were the Race Segregation Bill (Morris and Leh- man) and the Bollinger Swine Bill. Both were passed after vigorous ar- gument pro and con. 20 — Some of our noble and friendly oaks are laid low to give preference to new building between College Hall and Chapel building. A deplorable scene to old students. Oh woodmen, spare that tree! 21— Heart throbs at Y. W. C. A. 22 — Chaos reigned at M. C. — tables changed, Majestica dissolved, and campus torn up. 23 — Prof. Winger ' s birthday. Students serenade, presenting him with candy, fruit and roses. 24 — Americanization Day. Election of Aurora Staff. 25 — M. C. defeats Goshen in tennis tour- nament. 29 — Grades given out in chapel. 30 — Service for students at Walnut street church. 31 — Hallowe ' en celebration in dining hall. Pumpkin pie and doughnuts. Exhibition of infant department by Freshmen. Seniors make Much Ado About Nothing. Elsie Neher is teacher ' s pet. NOVEMBER 1 — Majestica Musical. Lights go out. 2 — J. H. B. Williams speaks at Volun- teer band. 3 — Prof. Ikenberry ' s smile! Gravel found in excavation. 4 — Red Cross campaign. Splendid re- sults. 6 — Prof. Winger goes to Virginia. Sen- iors choose colors, flower, motto, etc. 7 — Another number of lyceum course given by Arthur Evans, a humorous lecturer. 9 — John Luke Hoff first stricken by a Beahm. 10 — Dead mouse found in Delk ' s daven- port. Look for results later. 11 — Peace Day. Prof. Schwalm gave an excellent talk. We all remember Miss Stutsman ' s readings of the morning, especially Your Flag and Mine. H. E. department gives ban- quet to M. C. ' s returned soldiers. Juniors celebrate by choosing Senior class colors. 12 — Seniors present school with a large clock for the librarv. Such is life and sometimes sueher. [Pagre 168 Pag-e 169] When angry count one hundred. 14 — Junior-Senior debate. Attitude of Seniors: Truth crushed to earth shall rise again. 15 — Majestica is adjourned. Who, but Majesticans can know how it felt? La Derniere Classe. 17 — Molasses pitchers return to college dining hall tables. 18 — A. D. Helser as traveling secretary of Volunteer Band, gives inspiring talk in chapel. 19 — Maud Powell plays in Huntington. Some M. C. students and teachers go over. 20 — Davenport donated to Ladies ' parlor. See November 10. 21 — Face of bulletin board demolished. Sophomore-Freshman debate. Fresh- men make fresh pennant with fresh paint. Sentiment of evening Heart Throbs. 22 — Edith Brubaker, the California story teller, appears in Chapel. First snow. 24 — Household chemistry exam, after which the girls dyed in the lab- oratory. 25 — Dale Moyer visits M. C. Grace Hol- lenberg proves power of close dis- crimination by detecting pompa- dours. 26 — Last exam over. School closes. Hur- rah for the turkey and cranberry sauce. Grand rush for home. 27 — Thanksgiving. Select few are served with a Thanksgiving banquet, Mr. Mote as toastmaster. The victrola plays the part of chief musician. Abundance of sociability without counting one hundred. DECEMBER 1 — Winter term enrollment day. 2 — Lecture — Dead Lions — Dr. McCon- nel. Women do not chew the rag, they masticate the fabric. P-1-u-c-k spells luck. Playing fool (pool) is desire, not ambition. 5 — Expression recital in the chapel. 6 — First group-study meetings. Majes- tica sentenced to life imprisonment at mock trial. 7 — Unfavorable weather the cause for exceptional attendance at ladies ' parlor. 9 — Host and hostess plan introduced in dining hall. Temperature 10° after zero. 10 — Dr. Banks gives an illustrated lecture on Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. 11 — Pumpkin pie and apples for dinner. Lights go out. 12 — Catastrophe! Cat fell in Mr. Brook ' s transom. Did Brooks grab the cat, or vice versa? New signs of a greater M. C. ! A new pencil sharpener is added to the library equipment. 13 — Majestica funeral in dining hall. Adah Baker appears as chief mour- ner. M. C. wins over Wheaton on home basket ball floor, 54-21. 14 — Spring Creek church is the scene of the Irvin-Mishler wedding. 15 — Coal pile causes frowns of faculty and smiles of homesick students. 16 — The Philos meet. Coal pile rapidly disappearing. How near is home in sight??? 17 — Suspense over. School closes. 18 — College locked up. — Dead! Merry Xmas to all, and good-bye! JANUARY 4 — Messrs. Deeter and Blough become high school pedagogues. 5 — Students return with new resolu- tions. Thorold Geyer exhibits a dia- mond???????? Florence Moyer has learned the art of making glad eyes, ask her where. 6 — Bible term begins. Paul Wyne ex- hibits a perfumed penny at table. 8 — Mr. Hostetler takes pneumonia. W. B. visits florist. 9 — A twelve inch blanket of snow. Con- flicts between Miss Dinius and snow- balls. Sticks offered as sacrifice to settle difficulty. 10 — Esther Beahm goes to Valparaiso as the Undergraduate Field Represen- tative of Y. W. C. A. 12 — Prof. Winger urges use of night caps and chest protectors. 14 — Mr. Cook gets cold feet. 15 — Picture of Bachelor ' s Club taken for Aurora. Each bachelor holds picture of lady friend. Where are the faith- less ones??? 16 — W. S. Long gives very inspiring chapel talk on Young People and Missions. 17— Mabel Mote finds her Friend. Manchester plays Mt. Morris and Wheaton and loses. 18 — Sleighing — Bob-sled party goes to West church. 19 — Mr. Winters has difficulty in train- ing school. The little girls fall in love with him. Who is to blame? Dr. Bohn gives lecture on Revolu- tionary Europe. The Aprils in mine eyes. [Page 170 21 — Junior-Sophomore debate. Juniors shine. Sophs entertain winners, but rather lose appetites when second report of judges is given. 22 — Mr. Hiller carves a chicken at his table in the dining hall. Which side of the knife was the sharper? 23 — Miss Nelson, the Y. W. secretary comes. 24 — Mid-term exams. 26 — Paul Halliday in dining hall to Mary Taylor, his hostess: Will they sep- arate us? 27 — Glen Moyer in Public Speaking: Married men and bachelors are equal. They are born with the same rights. 28 — Dormitories quite alive. Entertain measles, mumps, and flu. 30 — Debating team and quartet go to Lancaster. Lancaster wins. 31 — An exceptional basket ball game played here with Defiance. M. C. wins 117-8. Metzler takes a picture. Light winged Smoke! FEBRUARY 1 — Viola Neher assigned to her room with North Manchester chicken pox. 2 — Prof. Winger goes to Elgin. Ground hog sees his shadow. 4 — Mr. Beahm gives a talk to The En- gaged in public speaking class. 5 — Long abiding snow begins to melt. 6 — Wilbur Bollinger, as over ambitious nurse, paints Amsey ' s face with iodine while attempting to apply it to one place. 7 — Grades given out. Matron gets A- in standing. Adah Baker is cham- pion in ciphering. 9 — In a Balcony read by Miss Larkin of Columbia School of Oratory. John Metzler sprains wrist by a kicking Henry. Aurora staff password be- comes Boaz. 11 — Manchester College goes under quar- antine with calm resignation (out- wardly, at least). Prof. Winger gives after dinner speeches on vaccination and quarantine. 12 — All honor to the Martyr President whose proudest monument is the broken fetters of the slave. 13 — First danger signal appears on a vaccinated arm. A blue bird of hap- piness flies over the campus. Ask Miss Stutsman what it carried. An ambitious molasses pitcher adven- tures to library door knob. 14 — Literary societies hold socials. Flor- ence Moyer receives a valentine let- ter. Shares her secret alone with the one who sent it. Learns truth in due season. 15 — Banner Sunday at College Sunday School. Why? Quarantine. No stand- ing room left in parlor in the even- ing. P. K. R. N. takes a rest. 16 — Boys ' attic becomes a pest house. Ira Moomaw wears a blue shirt to the table. Two below in Ira Heeter ' s room. At 9 p. m. only one below. Cold weather. 17 — Kingsley quarantined for hives. A well-worn path is seen extending to a south window of girl ' s dorm. Ask Mr. Whitehead the reason for this. 18— On Y. W. Bulletin Board: Don ' t give any one a piece of your mind, you might feel its loss keenly. 19 — Messrs. Moomaw and Metzler play with the ouija board. Whitehead wears a broad grin. Viola is free from pest house. 20 — Miss Kingery gives daily hour and a half recital of day ' s tremendous trials and tribulations, in matron ' s office. Her chair rockers hot as a re- sult of friction. 21 — Pest house department entertained by water pistols. Who got ducked? 22 — Country celebrates in honor of Washington and Alma Denlinger. 23 — Cooks strike. Two meals. 24— P. K. R. N. taken to hospital with the other smallpox victims. 26 — Mr. Mote ushered to the pest house. Wholesale murder of germs in the boys ' dorm. 27 — Riot continues in girls ' dorm. Groan- ings of germs heard from the base- ment. Quarantine ban lifted. Wilbur Bollinger no longer needs an ima- gination. Why did not such a picture bring an easel with it. 28 — Last of final exams. Exodus of a few students. 29- -Leap year day. Fifth Sunday of Feb- ruary. Girls escort boys to dinner. MARCH All 1 — Fair entrance of spring term. rejoice. 2 — Joint meeting of Y. W. and Y. M. Miss Stutsman gives Famine Scene from Hiawatha. 3 — Frances Deeter eats breakfast on way to chapel. Pag-e 171] Comfort ' s in heaven, and we are on the earth. 4 — Play automobile in physical culture. Fords go over to Hudsons. Last pumpkin pie day. 5 — Mr. and Mrs. Mote entertain the boys. Boys serenade girls ' dorm with praises for Motes. 6 — Nyhart ' s heart appears at M. C. He is very fond of Olives. Ralph also visits. John Hershey taught very effective lesson on love. Bowers publicly declared his love for everyone and planted a kiss between Beahm ' s eyes. 7 — Aurora Staff plans schedule omitting meals. Dr. Holmes comes for series of lectures. 8 — Lecture. 11 — Manchester Quartet makes its debut. 12 — Oratorical Contest Prize: 1st, Mabel Winger; 2nd, Virgil Stinebaugh. 13 — Mt. Morris B. B. team plays M. C. 16 — Open Dorm — girls ' Leap Year party. 17 — St. Patrick ' s Day. How green are you? Illustrated lecture, Chicago Missions Volunteers. Faculty Wo- man ' s Club gives Leap Year banquet to husbands and ? to be. 21 — Spring is here! ! ! 22 — Roller skating in vogue. 25 — If you were busy being right, You ' d find yourself too busy quite, To criticize your neighbor long, Because he ' s busy being wrong. Philomatheans hold program at Gump ' s and shower Miss Stutsman. 26 — Intercollegiate debate. APRIL 1 — April Foolers had their grand open- ing today. 3— Full moon ! ! 4 — Palm branches wave. Easter Sun- day. 9 — Girls on sleeping porch argue with the sparrow, whether or not to go to breakfast. Decide in favor of nega- tive. 12 — Mid-spring term opens. Last scrolls of Senior Theses completed. 15 — Bertha Lautzenhizer is forever blow- ing bubbles. 20 — Play tennis an hour to chase away that worry! 26 — Bird ' s chorus vies with Manchester Quartet. 28 — Sun rises in the east and sets in the west. MAY 1 — May Day! Who is Queen of the May? Surprise? May Baskets! Tell me lovers, Why are they no more On knob or shin.ng locker hung? That sweetest custom Of a simpler day has passed. Is then the world no longer young? 6 — Campus begins to renew former beauty. 10 — O faint delicious, springtime vio- let! 11 — The river banks a favorite haunt for students. 13 — Rhubarb for breakfast. Rhubarb for dinner. Rhubarb for supper. Illustration of psychological car- ry-over process. 14 — Reception to graduates. 16-20 — Commencement week. We may build more splendid habita- tions, fill our rooms with paintings and sculptures, but we cannot buy with gold the old associations. — Longfellow. Farewell ! Snore and you sleep alone. [Pag-e 172 Pag-e 173] Well we were born to die. £mik UttJj la In English Composition. Kenton Priser: I came to Manchester to visit my parents, went to a show one evening and that gave me a desire to at- tend school at M. C. Esther Beahm speaking of whom? Well, he — he has just been waiting for me. Broths and policemen are spoiled by too many cooks. The invitations (as first arranged) which were given to the senior class re- ception by Ida Fields, Mildred Hoke, and Miss Postma, were objected to by Miss Postma for fear someone would think she was trying to make a hit. When asked who might think so, she answered seriously, Oh, Mr. Fisher. William Beahm (in a crowd) : Is there freedom of the press?  In Freshman English. Miss Vose: Mr. Hostetler, what is a curfew? Mr. Hiller: The ten o ' clock bell. Miss Vose: Yes, the time for all chil- dren to be off the street and in the dor- mitories. The world is full of willing people, some willing to work, and the rest will- ing to let them. Literary Society critic: Program committee, in spite of difficulties, have done well. They are to be recommended. Elva Yeater: I ' d like to take a bob- sled ride. Frances Deeter: So would I. Yeater: Allright, I ' ll get the Bob and you get the sled. Academy Student (in Biography of Tennyson) : He received a title of in- ability in 1883. ' Tis said that a lie is wrong because it deceives. He told her that she was the sweetest girl that ever lived. He knew that it was untrue. She knew that it was untrue. Both were well pleased. Neither was deceived. Then where the wrong? Dinner — Extra dish — chicken pie. Mr. Bollinger: It must be Mrs. Swi- hart ' s birthday. Revenge is sweet as is also a box of caramels. Miss Stutsman: Mr. Halliday, why do you not have your lesson? Halliday: I had company. Stutsman: Someone from a dist- ance? Halliday: No! a boy in the dorm. Stutsman: Do you not know how to use your foot? Halliday: Yes, but he was a littler fellow than I was and I hated to. Academy History. Question: What was the pastoral stage in history? Answer: They got so many cattle herded together that they had to form a pastoral stage to keep their cattle on. Some people, even when not pressed down with sorrow, wear their finger nails in mourning. At Aurora Staff Meeting. Mr. Fisher: Prices and everything else has gone up, why shouldn ' t we? Majestica Mock Trial. Note the following: 1. Kathryn Blocker ' s astounded look when asked, What is your age? 2. Mabel Winger ' s blush, when asked, Do you have a gentleman friend in col- lege? 3. Harvey Hostetler ' s nervousness when asked, Does Miss Bollinger come from Idaho, and have you met her be- fore? 4. Ada Baker ' s remarkable poise when asked. How long have you been here in school? Ans.: Off and on for 20 years. Balanced Ration. 39 preachers. 39 preachers ' sons. 39 preachers ' daughters. In life ' s great structure, don ' t pull the props till the concrete ' s dry- The tall pines pine [Page 174 Chemistry Review. Florence Moyer: Of what importance are normal and tenth normal solutions? Prof. Kintner: Well, if you ' re going to spend the rest of your life in cooking for a grouchy old man, they are of no im- portance, but if you are going to work at analytic Chemistry, they are of consider- able importance. Florence Moyer: I am half way be- tween. Prof.: Heaven both do you say? Florence Moyer: preserve you; from I do. Amen. Temper is a weapon 1o be held by the blade. A loss is only a hole in life ' s measure. Plug it and go right on. Vrof s y ,6 M c Mere T cksUdtih Otis Young: Men take animal hus- bandry to be able to lead a dog ' s life. C. Hiller: Keller eats so much starch in the dining hall that it all settled in his neck. Reading Job in Expression Class. Miss Stutsman: How many have read the Bible through? Read it — you will feel easier when you die. I read it when I had the measles. Halliday: Did you feel like dying then? The Undertaker ' s Assistant. The man who rocked the boat; The man who didn ' t know it was loaded; The man who blew out the gas; The man who drank wood alcohol. If you always look at the stars you will not see the muddy places in the road. A. Bollinger (on a bobsled ride) : Do you hear anything snore? F. Moyer: No. Why? Bollinger: My foot is asleep. I won- dered if it was snoring. A.: What is heredity? B. : Something a father believes in until his son begins acting like a fool. French student: I speak twice as much French as I used to. I used to say Oui. Now I say, Oui, Oui. ) Y k a I g. Ki Pag-e 175] Forbear to judge for we are sinners all. Physics Class. Prof. Dotterer: I ' ve never seen a place where there was entirely total darkness. Younker: O, I ' ve seen lots of them. C. O. Miller (originator of Bachelor ' s Club) : It ' s a great life if you don ' t weaken. Accompanying A. Bollinger to the door one evening: Now, Amsey, don ' t break the faith. Otis Young: What ' s the matter witn this school? ' I ' ve lived twenty-seven miles from here all my life and I never heard of it until two years ago. I. W. Moomaw: How long is your lane? C. O. Miller, at a banquet: There are so many more girls than boys here. It seems like Heaven! Prof. Winger: Are the absent ones present this morning? She: How some of those old songs do haunt me! He: Well, you ' ve often murdered them. Bowers, after the play, Little Wo- men : Are ail those things in the usual procedure of proposal? M. Delk: What things? Bowers: Oh, embracing, etc. M. Delk: No! Why, we didn ' t!!! Time will e i-Kee ?oont te trtith. !n Dining Hall on Review Day. Amsey Bollinger, asking the blessing: Lord, we thank thee for this food which is prepared for us again. Why don ' t you marry her? Well, I ' d like to, but unfortunately she has a serious impediment in her speech. What is it? She can ' t say ' Yes. ' Mr. Klepinger: Boys seem more re- ligious than girls. Mr. Younker: From the standpoint that many are aspiring for the ministry, possibly. Wilma B. : Yes, but you don ' t know how many are aspiring to be minister ' s wives. Life ' s but a walking shadow. [Page 176 After the Flu. Doctor (composedly) : You cough more easily this morning. Patient: I ought to. I practiced near- ly all night. Beiswanger, in American Poetry class: I agree with Mathew Arnold and Coler- idge. Prof. Schwalm: That makes a good trio. Prof. Shutz, at social following Majes- tica burial: It is the first time I ever revelled after a funeral. Behold the pretty cotton plant, With blossoms white and full; They pick the downy stuff, and lo! They make us suits of wool. Margaret Delk: My heart is with the Adelphians. Wilbur B. (Majestican) : Ah! Trea- son! ■ Velma Lower: The temperature of a human body is 198 c . I ' d rather be a could be, If I couldn ' t be an are: For a could be is a may be, With a chance of touching par. I ' d rather be a has been, Than a might have been by far: For a might have been has never been, But a has was once an are. D. R. Murray: I gave that colored sermon tonight. Miss Lehman: We are not prepared for this at all. We ' ll all be making fools of ourselves. L. M. Hoff: One comforting thought, I shall not have far to go. Or a howling wilderness — Now that you have heard my daughter, where would you advise her to go to take sing- ing lessons? To a thinly populated district. Mr. Bright, in S. S. class: Who else besides Peter and John needed this les- son on humility? Mr. Bagwell: Me. Mr. Bright: I guess that ' s right. Some men seem to assemble their equipment of polish solely on their shoes. y?w Uhm 1 -eTwe s ' e ?.. o 1 -pa4 ?Tev sfc f STo p ith c r e Pag-e 177] O welladay, that ever I was born. Epitaphs for Majestica Tombstone. Here lies Majestica. Her life was short but glorious. We have only tears to shed for her past and fond remembrances of her future. Here I lie. No wonder I ' m dead, For Manchester College has stepped on my head. When Mr. Wampler was visiting Miss Stutsman, and she did not attend morn- ing church services. Delia Lehman: Say, Sadie, they prayed for you today. Stutsman : No, I guess they didn ' t for me more than any one else. Lehman: Yes, but they did, they prayed for all those who stayed at home with loved ones. Ex po v. tx cfc ih j her T eu Ivj VVoes (c - S P 3 I+ keepsw With what kind of wood do they make matches? He wooed and she would. If troubles were moisture proof some people would not spend so much time airing them. Be still, sad heard and cease repining: In Prof. ' s red book your grade ' s still shining. On Prof. ' s Birthday. Prof. Winger: Mrs. Winger gave me a large rocker and I was just occupying a part of it. A bore is a person who talks of his troubles when you want to talk about yours. M. C. Vigilance Committee. J. D. Crowell, Elizabeth Postma, and Dr. Reber. There are those in this stunning tide Of human care and crime, With whom the melodies abide, Of the everlasting chime, Who carry music in their heart Through dusty lane and wrangling mart, Plying their daily toil with busy feet, Because their secret souls a holy strain repeat. Mabel: Oh, joy! Harold: That ' s me all over, Mabel. ' vise Jl_ ClM P e ■ chestjf yo it tin Sure Vt) r i Ke Gr r I. A horse, a horse, my kingdom for a horse. [Page 178 Page 179] Each hath his place and function to attend. Ifrnap ifftrttnn Much Ado About Nothing Night before Exams Pilgrims Progress Matriculation. High Cost of Living The E. Innocents Abroad Freshmen The Winning Lady All of ' em AVonderbook Aurora Long Shadow , Everett Coy Consequences Sleepiness Lonesome Trail A Tempest Conflict Meeting Les Miserables Smallpox Patients Treasure Island , Commencement Week Reveries of a Bachelor J. E. Bookvralter Excelsior Senior Youth and Age Ada Baker Sense and Sensibility Rena Wright Merry Wives of Windsor See Apartment House Twelfth Night Exas peration of Aurora Staff Every Man in His Humor Boys Dorm Wit and Wisdom Prof. Kintner Hospital Menu for P. K. R. N. Beefsteak. Strawberries. Birthday Cake. Ice Cream. Vs. Victuals for Vaccine Victims. Mashed Potatoes. Sour Cherries. Pallid Milk. Toast! ! ! The world is wide In time and tide: And God is guide. Then do not hurry: That man is blest Who does his best And leaves the rest: Then do not worry. In History Class. Prof. Schwalm: Lincoln accomplished everything he undertook, only he didn ' t get the wife he wanted. Floyd Cripe: Well ' that was a minor detail. Favorite Expressions. Prof. Dotterer: For all practical pur- poses. Younker: Veni, Vidi, Vici, Veda, Vose. Prof. L. D. Ikenberry: That ' s a good idea. Prof. Schwalm: Good Night. Mrs. Reber: Don ' t you think Klep has the loveliest dimples? Miss Vose: Now be Frank with me. Catherine Neher: NO. At Supper. A. Student: Do you think that I ' ll ever die of consumption? B. Student: Not of what you ' ll con- sume around here. Student (slipping and falling on ice) : ——, —!!! ? §, |[ % 5 ! ! @ $ Q. E. D.! (It m:ght be suggested that that stu- dent take either a course in Public Speaking or Fundamentals of Expres- sion). Oh the pity of it, Iago, the pity of it! ' [Page 180 3magtne! Elizabeth Postma Cutting class Leonard Eley Weighing 200 lbs. Dr. Reber Curling Hair Thorold Geyer Talking at Table Mabel Winger Wearing a frown. William Delk Walking Quietly Harold Chambers Without his Pompadour Ruth Swinger Without a date . Hazel Dickey Lacking dignity Ira Moomaw Throwing up the sponge C. 0. Miller Missing a feed Ruth Danner Idle Wilbur Bollinger Looking up to the ladies Dessie Helser Six feet tall Pearl Kingery Without self pity Clifford Bid-die A Since this is leap year, we are looking for a man, a really true man, so get your lantern, Diogenes, and come along. Said man must have: 1. Cletus Hiller ' s giggle. 2. Everett Coy ' s appetite. 3. Walter Penrod ' s wit. 4. C. O. Miller ' s opinion of himself. 5. Harold Chamber ' s pompadour. 6. Forbes Norris ' case. 7. Younker ' s stand-in with the faculty. 8. David Seller ' s traveling experi- ences. 9. Lowell Klepinger ' s dimples. And furthermore he must be able to write letters like Howard Nyhart. At Breakfast. , Keller (sarcastically) : .... ? Isn ' t this postum heavenly? ! A. Bollinger (tasting) : At any rate it is unearthly. Nyhart: Murray, are you going to take Campustry this term? Murray: No, I ' m going to take Coun- try Church Problems. In American History. Winters: The more I read about tjif Federal Reserve the less I know. Prof. Schwalm: Well tell us what you knew when you began to read. M Page 181] What would chapel be without announcements. It is better to be happy than wise. [Page 132 (§nv Sntutt F you are looking for a beautiful, clean, and quiet little city with a good school system and a goodly number of churches, come to North Manchester. North Manchester has a population of about 2500 not including about 1000 just without the corporation. The tw o railroads, The Pennsylvania and The Big Four with the Transfer and Bus lines make it accessible from all surrounding cities as well as coun- try districts. Indeed, if one cares to do so he can navigate Eel River, which adds to the city ' s assets. To one who is seeking a fine residential town or small city for his home, North Manchester makes a fair showing. The lighting system is up-to-date and the lights well distributed over the city. Electric light and power are pro- duced directly from the city plant. Along with this the water supply is good and from various tests the water is found to be perfectly healthful. If one enjoys a shady walk on a beautiful yet hot summer day, let him come and take a walk on Mill street, or in fact, on almost any other street of North Manchester. The streets are broad, straight, well arranged, and smoothly paved, with beautiful shade trees on either side. Just the kind you like. The educational opportunities are excellent. Besides the College and train- ing school at the north side of town, there is the Central High School in the city and Chester High School just across the river. As for the churches there is little need for any one to say his faith is not rec- ognized for in the city there are eight churches — Church of the Brethren, Unit- ed Brethren, Progressive, Christian, West End Chapel, Methodist, Lutheran and Christian Science. The business part of the city is also well established and carrying on an honorable line of work. The few factories make the place all the more attrac- tive and desirable for a residential district. The people are of the pure American stock, kindly disposed, considerate and hospitable. Come and enjoy the privileges, conveniences, and advantages of the city of North Manc hester. MILL STREET Pag-e 183] They win that laugh. Good wishes say the blue birds of Spring. [Pa e 184 SumnesB ifenttntt The following is a list of the business firms of the town whom we can recom- mend to yon. They have supported us, and we ask you to support them. Lawrence National Bank, Capital and Surplus, $125,000. Union Trust Company, Banking, Insurance, Notary Work. Indiana State Bank — General Banking. Heeter ' s Store — Staple and Fancy Groceries, Meats. M. W. Clark, 702 Walnut Street— Pure Food Store. Daniel Sheller- — Cash Grocery and Bakery. C. 0. Warner— Meat Market. J. M. Jennings and Son — Groceries and Produce. Wonderly and Reiff — Groceries and Meats. Stands Brothers and Lenwell — The White Grocery. J. K. Lautzenhiser — Meat Market. The Morris 5 and 10c Store — Notions, Aluminum and Granite Ware, Prices Right. H. E. Lautzenhiser- — Good Eats. Ebbinghaus Brothers — Anything you want in Footwear. A. C. Wolfe — General Footwear. Hiester ' s Dry Goods of Quality — Main Street. Chas. Garber, College Campus- -EDESCO Made-to-Measure Clothes. B. Oppenheim Co. — Dry Goods, Clothing, Shoes. Gresso ' s Complete Department Stores. Manchester Bonnet Co. — Full Line of Millinery Stock. The Tog Shop — Tailoring, Cleaning and Pressing. Urschel ' s Department Store. Ademar Rune — Jeweler and Optometrist, J. Lavey Son — Jewelers. S. Burkett — Real Estate and Farm Loans. Clevinger King — All Kinds of Insurance. L. D. Wright — Real Estate and Insurance. Isenberger Fleming — Law and Real Estate. A. B. Thomas — Real Estate and Insurance. Gump Bros. Paulus — Furniture — Funeral Directors. Geo. N. Bender — Furniture Dealer — Funeral Director. S. P. Swank— Modern Shoe Repairing. Your money brings the most in School Supplies, Drugs and Music at Burdge ' s — (Okeh Records, Famous Sonora). A. F. Sala— Drugs— Rexall Store. J. B. Williams— Drugs, Toilet Articles. Naftzger Co.— Hardware, Bicycles, Aluminum and Cutlery. Page 185] Frames ' Quality Hardware. 0. H. Bollinger Co. — Implements, Hardware and Harness. J. B. Lockwood — Furnaces, Sheet Metal Work. Dr. Pinney, Osteopath, Walnut Street, just off Main. F. W. Walters, D. C, West Main. E. L. Lautzenhiser, Chiropractor, 610 Walnut. Dr. G. E. Wright, Dentist. C. F. Kraning, Dentist — Modern Methods, X-Ray Service. Dr. Ralph E. Cottrell, Eye Specialist. Dr. Emma Holloway, Office West Main. C. H. Risser, Dentist and X-Ray Service, Office West Main. G. D. Balsbaugh, M. D., West Main Street. Earl J. Cripe, B. E., M. D., Physician and Surgeon. The R. L. Dollings Co. — Investment Bankers — Represented by G. L. Allen, Office Dr. Risser Building. Hotel Young, West Main. Hotel Sheller, Walnut Street. Ohlinger Warvel, FORD Cars, Fordson Tractors. Nichols City Transfer — Wabash Line — 2 trips daily. The Auto Tire Shop, Second Street. 0. G. Haupert — Auto Livery, Accessories. Conner Fleck Garage, Walnut Street. Eel River Valley Creamery Co. — Buyers of Cream. J. W. Strauss Son — Coal, Flour, Feed, Ice. Farmer ' s Elevator Co. Acme Grain Co. — Flour, Feed, Coal. Blick ' s Barber Shop. V. S. Huffman — Bank Barber Shop. Ulery Tyler Lumber Co. Frantz Lumber Co. Manchester Lumber Co. Peabody School Furniture Co. The North Manchester Foundry. S. S. Cox Showcase Co. Baldwin Tool Works. The North Manchester Concrete Co. — Silos. C. E. Ruppel — Electrical Work. The Syracuse Line, Cedar Chests. Harry White — Greenhouses — Market Street. Blickenstaff ' s Studio, 107 Main Street. Rice ' s Studio, Walnut Street. [Fagre 186 Autngraptja £ au, 3t With, Auroras W-- - 1 I T M HECKMAN lgl BINDERY INC. I e l 0 MAR 89 N. MANCHESTER. INDIANA 46962