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Page 65 text:
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States was forced to embark on a great expan- sion of its merchant fleet. Our entry into the war hastened this program, until at its end we had the largest Navy and Merchant Marine afloat . . . then we scuttled them both! Witll the world depending on us for aid and cooperation, we once more turned inward. Ostrich-like, We encouraged a false prosperity by means of a huge tariff and enormous loans to bankrupt nations - a prosperity which finally collapsed in the depression of 1929-33, the depression which has lcd to the rise of all tl1e discontent which has caused this war. Now, finally, we know where we stand. We realize that our future is inextricably entangled with that of the rest of the world. We are determined to build a real lasting prosperity, based on a solid foreign trade and free inter- course with our neighbors. Our aims, then, are twofold: first and all important - to win the war, then secondly - to prevent its repeti- tion by building a secure world. The place of Maine in the history of our merchant'marine is a distinguished one. Maine has had a large share in the building of our wooden sailing ships, and, more than any other state, the eyes of Maine have been turned toward the sea, perhaps subconsciously knowing that so111eday it would hold its rightful place again. Castine in its own right was once an important port. Ideally situated on a diamond-shaped point of land on one of the largest land-sheltered harbors in the United States, it commands the approach to the Penobscot River. Logically, it was one of the first settlements in the United States and was alternately controlled by many of the early colonizing powers. Castine figured prominently in the revolution and war of 1812, in which wars it was captured by the British and used as one of their chief strongholds. I ,,.- ,tiihkx i 4 ..-:LL-'iffy ' 4-M , M ,,,. . ., wi p c s' ly. '.,,. 4., gil .5 ,- , f -' at H - 4- 1 .- if f1z,,?'TE-'F1'f'1'f 'ff1'a:f,f if ., TF, ' . W 1!-Y, 4!?'5-'E'5sf2ssi'a.q..4f'.a-s.:.3ss1--'a.'NUM.- ' f- , -15.071 15 3, 'lfjif-.hgvg--ZQ?p7?.f,:31 lfiiffffagibrtlx , '.' L' f ytiif it .1-in 1 t fit si . 1 it s .rm az fu, 1, 'CQQS 3 9 ., , 4, , 'K t e sv uf 31 Pea. ,, ,wi-?f'1 was L- 5 1 'W .... - -',- 'riJL7 'f- ' W .ff,. u. 4 , ' -Ts f v- Ie., - .ygwl 'Us W, ,ex . Castine is fitted both by history and physical characteristics for the fifth and newest Maritime Academy. The Maine Maritime Academy, along with New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts' and California, is devoted to the accomp1isl1- ment of the two aims mentioned above. More than any of the others is it devoted to these two purposesg for our Academy was literally forged in the heat of war. The aims of the Academy tie in with our
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Page 64 text:
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Hgsrony - The events of the past few 1nonths: North Africa, Sicily, the drive into Italy have demon- strated conclusively the tremendous importance of our Merchant Marine. Gigantic convoys - 800 ships for North Africa, upwards of 2000 for Sicily, an equal amount for Italy. These great masses of ships, carrying soldiers, sailors, guns, planes, ammunition, tanks, food and sup- plies of every conceivable description, braving desperate attacks by fleets of submarines and planes, are living monuments to the men who build and sail them. The American merchant marine has arisen to its task. The tide is slowly pivoting in our direction. However, the war is far from won. Scarcely a dent has been made in the armor of Germany and Japan. It seems clear that the only way we can crack them both is by landing, in the heart of these two countries, a huge invasion force capable of smashing their armies. For though we may bomb their cities to ruins, they are not beaten while their armies stand intact. The route to victory lies over water. A simple map will show us that. Shipping, dwarnng anything ever thought of before, will be needed. Faced with this unalterable fact, the United States, starting practically from scratch, is now assembling the greatest merchant fleet in the world and manning it with thousands of trained officers and men. Now, why all this expansion of our merchant fleet? The answer to this is obvious, yet we still refuse to look it in the face. Up until shortly before the war, our merchant fleet was practically non-existent. We were as poorly prepared in this respect as our army and navy. This lowly status of our merchant fleet was a direct outgrowth of our traditional desire for isolation. We had failed to realize that in a modern world we are utterly dependent on trade and contact with the outside world. We refused to admit that world events could have any effect on us whatsoever. The record of the past decade has shown us just how wrong we were. Until now, we have ignored the fact that a large foreign trade operated hy a free, pri- vately owned, and prosperous lnerchant marine is one of the cornerstones of a working democ- racy. N' Let us hope that we do not again close our eyes to something so obvious Although the trend of our history has been in the opposite direction, we have not neglected the sea altogether. The history of our merchant marine has been an illustrious one. In the revolution, converted merchant vessels helped us win our independence. Our first war- ships, speedy privatcers, were converted mer- chantmen manned by our merchant seamen. Their aid has been overshadowed by the ex- ploits of our naval commanders, but it was invaluable in disrupting the British supply lines. After the revolution, the entire prosperity of our nation was based for a period of years on the famous, rich triangular trade. New England shippers were starting to undermine the mistress of the sea, England. The Napoleonic wars put an end to this new commerce. Our overseas trade stifled, we turned inward, developing our manufacturing indus- tries. At the end of these drawn-out wars, there was a great revival of shipping. This was the famous era of the clipper ships, in which New England skippers and ships set records Wl1iCl1 still stand today. The Civil War halted this expansion. The era of iron and steel ships was at hand and we relinquished our place on the high seas to others. All eyes were turned inward where an unprecedented industrial advance was making us the richest country on earth. This state of affairs continued until the out- break of the first World War. Then, faced with a world-wide demand for products and not having the bottoms to carrv them, the United .f Es as a's z fissmcgr-R313 2 is slept' ss, saga-i -s H H aww Tc: - p . .X a w a -1 gssnta-z as ms s an sa, -- sig A M 5.1 , sswss . ,L-. ,- Saas M- 2,,s-age?-.tests were W - at :L 'g ',f:g.fff.Tigs1i3,rs fs?Est5l,ilf,-isis W as 5 'tvs s A' s S r W s s ,Q E st X
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