Loyola University Maryland - Evergreen / Green and Gray Yearbook (Baltimore, MD)

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the arguments of those who jumped the fence seem pate and puerile by comparison. Spain was also the fatherland of the Jesuit saint, Francis Borgia. At the age of thirty-six, this honored nobleman had deserted the royal court and entered the Society to become eventually its third General. Before he accepted the poverty and humility which Ignatius had enjoined upon all his followers, Francis had been the Marquis of Lombay, the Duke of Gandia, the Viceroy of Catalonia, and the dearest friend of the Emperor Charles V, the most powerful ruler on earth. The Society is inured to official expulsions, particularly from Spain. Saint Ignatius ' s dying prayer for the Company was that it should feel plenty of persecu- tion. Studying two necrologies which fell into our hands we find that in fifteen months, from October 1, 1936 through 1937, 70 Jesuits were shot in or near Barcelona, for many ‘‘date unknown.” E ducation in France was torn between the parent and the progeny, between the University of Paris and the Jesuits. The Uni- In France, Education and the Pulpit. The University and the Jes- uits. Nationalism and Calvinism against the Society. The Bolland- ists in Belgium. Sci- entific Hagiography. versity fought them — but then, in her old age, she had fought every other movement. Despite this, the Jesuits became the educators of 17th Century Frenchmen, good and bad. The records for 1643 give in the dis- trict of Paris alone 13,000 scholars of the Jesuit schools. The Jesuits were strong for the Pope across the mountains. The Gallicans or Na- tionalists in Religion naturally opposed them by and large through the centuries and 18

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Rector who loved music ’ — saint and doctor of the Church, author of a catechism that rivals Canisius’ , founder of the science of apologetics, in his “De Controversiis.” He denied the divine rights of kings — maintained the divine origin of authority but vested it, as did Suarez, the Spaniard, primarily in the multitude of men who make the state. This was madness to the absolutism and hyper-nationalism of the Reformation. Bellarmine, upon request, penned a confidential memorandum to the Holy See which in substance urged a return to simplicity away from imperial and feudal influences. -i Streamed out of Spain as well as Saints. In the realm of speculative and dogmatic theology, the genius of the Spanish Jesuits was particularly brilliant. Francis Suarez, the Society’s fore- riesT . . • . .... . . « . . . . . ... Suarez on Law. Molina most theologian, embodied the whole of Scholastic theology in his pon- Grace and Free Will. Barcelona and the fir- derous works and headed a theological school of his own. ’’Suarez ing squads. Classes” were conducted in most of the leading universities. They were later sup- pressed by a royal decree because they defined many fundamental human rights which can never be included under the jurisdiction of a temporal sovereign. Suarez is regarded too as one of the founders of international law. Luis Molina was the first Jesuit to write a commen- tary on the ’’Summa Theologica” of Aquinas. But his chief work is the ’’Concordia” wherein he presents the celebrated Molinist defense of man’s freedom of will under the influence of efficacious grace, a dif- ficulty within the pale of the Church which makes 17

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Louis Bourdaloue preaching at the French Court at Versailles to Louis XLV politics took advantage of this. The French forms of Calvinism and those Catholics influenced by Calvinistic tendencies. Huguenots and Jansenists were vindictive. Blessed Claude de la Columbiere was the chosen helper of Saint Margaret Mary in spreading devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus. This has been the chief devotion of the last few centuries to warm men s hearts. It is a devotion of reparation to the neglected love of the Redeemer and centers, of course, as do all Catholic devo- tions, around the Sacrifice of the Mass and Calvary. The French Jesuit, Louis Bourdaloue was one of the great orators of France, as was de Ravignan in a later day. The chief enemies of the Jesuits in France and Spain were the politicians of the Bourbon courts who by threats secured the suppression of the Order for one generation from 1773 until the early part of the 19th Century, when it was again restored throughout the world. 19