London South Collegiate Institute - Oracle Yearbook (London, Ontario Canada)

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Island, north of Bafhn Land, for the pur- pose of protecting them from the menace of the Greenland Eskimos. The Eskimos' main source of income in derived from the barter of the white or Arctic fox, which they catch in steel traps, and trade to the Hudson's Bay Company for flour, rifles, and ammunition. Every year, there is a huge antelope trek across from Victoria Island to the mainland, in the vicinity of the north magnetic pole. Many offthese are killed and eaten by the Eskimos. The Walrus is valuable for its tusks, which furnish very fine ivory for spear tips and other hunting equipment. The whale is useful for its blubber. ambergris and whalebone tbaleenl, of which the latter is used for making sleds, snowshoes, etc. The smallest mammal in the Canadian Arctic is the lem- ming, a rodent not unlike our rat. Bird life is quite varied and abundant. The nesting grounds of the Blue Goose, in Baffin Land. were just recently discovered. The tinker,!' or Razor-billed Auk, which resembles a small duck, is exceedinly com- mon, flocks of them sometimes covering a whole island. The natives have a very ingenious method of killing birds for food. A piece of thin wholebone is bent into a tight spring, held in position by sinews. This they embed in a piece of fat, which they leave out for the birds, who readily eat it on account of the scarcity of other food. In the process of digestion the sinew is dissolved, allowing the spring of Whale- bone to uncoil and spear the bird. Another method of taking birds is to use an ivory- tipped double-barbed lance, which the Eskimos hurl with remarkable rapidity. In season, cod are very plentiful. As a matter of fact if, at this time, the Eskimo drops a four-pronged hook into a school of them, he has no difficulty in catching them Without any bait whatever. He also dries a large quantity of haddock for winter use. Arctic char, similar to our salmon trout, is the Eskimo's staple food. However, certain features of Eskimo life in the north deserve special mention. The Eskimos are nomadic hunters, following the game, Which, although abundant, is widely scattered from place to place. They have no regular meal times, but eat When- ever they feel the need. Some of their favourite delicacies are berries, which they find in the fall, and birds' eggs, which are stored in the mud till used. As regards adaptation to environment, the Eskimo is, in reality, superior to us, who claim to have the better civilization. page sixty-six THE ORACLE

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causes the car to move forward in low. As the car gathers speed, at about 12 to 16 miles per hour, the transmission auto- matically slips into high. It remains in high until the speed of the car drops below the 12 to 16 miles per hour mark fin such a case as going up a hill or in slow-moving traificl, when the transmission automat- ically shifts back to low. There is a two- speed emergency low, also self-shifting for use in sand or on very steep hills. In reverse the unit only has one speed. The Reo transmission consists of two units-the automatic unit and an auxiliary set of gears for selective control, emer- gency-low and reverse-combined in one case and mounted in unit with the engine. The selective gears in the forward part are of the sliding type, except that they revolve only when in use. These speeds are controlled by the selector on the dash. In the automatic unit. the lower of the two speeds is obtained through two pairs of internal-external gears Cgears which have teeth on the inside and outsidel. Between these two is a floating member with internal and external teeth, prevented from turning by an over-running clutch. This in turn forces the rear internal gear to revolve and transmit power to the drive shaft at a reduced speed. In reverse, the intermediate member is held by an over- running lock. High speed or direct drive in the self- shifter is obtained by a multiple disc metal clutch, running in oil within the transmis- sion. It is engaged by means of a set of revolving counter weights, which, as the speed of the car increases fbetween 12 and 16 m. p. h.D, are forced outward by centri- fugal force, exerting a lever action, by which the discs of the clutch are forced together, locking the internal gear to the drive shaft and providing direct drive between the engine and the shaft. The advantage of this development, such as making the car easier to handle in heavy traffic, or safer on hills, are numer- ous, while its disadvantages are few and almost negligible. GORDON MONKS, V B. LIFE IN Tl-IE CANADIAN ARCTIC ED. NOTE-These facts were gathered from an interview kindly consented to by G. A. Woonton, of the University of Western Ontario, who in the summer of 1932 acted as historian on a government expedition to the Canadian Arctic. In the remote districts to the north of Canada, known as the Arctic Archipelago, there meets the eye nothing but the vast barren, expanses of rocky, snow-covered islands, separated by wind-rufiied channels, whose frigid aspect is enhanced by majes- tically-fioating icebergs, while towering mountains stand out in the background. In spite of this bleak environment, wild animal life is quite plentiful. Polar bears SOUTH C. I. and seals are found there, and, when fish are scarce, they often attack one another in the iight for existence. Their chief enemy, the Eskimo, uses their skins for clothing. making beautiful designs on the skin of the latter. The rest of the animal, the Eskimo eats raw. The musk-ox was in danger of extinction till quite recently, when a patrol of Royal Canadian Mounted Police was regularly maintained on Devon page sixty-five

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an . ,. rv- if -'14 A Q-.'lv 1 ye Editor-BUS WIDEMAN, V A. A RETROSPIECT By H. B. D1NsMoRE ONDON SOUTH COLLEGIATE ig v opened its doors in September, Q f t 1922, in the old Victoria School . T at Askin and Wharncliffe. Many changes have taken place since then and the ones with which I am most inti- mately acquainted are the changes in our Boys' Athletic programme. The first school team organized was the track team for the three-school track meet which later became a four-school affair when the Sir Adam Beck Collegiate, then the East Collegiate, was organized. South captured the intermediate shield with such stellar athletes as Riddell, Ellyatt, Hadfield, Chapman and Vollick. An excellent showing in the senior and junior was made, and such a wealth of excellent material was developed that the next year South swept the meet, taking all three shields. The second activity in which the boys took part was soccer. They made an auspicious start and took the city group easily. The organization and coaching of this team was undertaken by Mr. John McKellar, now of Jarvis Collegiate, To- ronto. The proof of his ability is shown in the fact that the next year this team went to the finals, losing to Windsor after two very close games. Basketball was started by Mr. Graham, the present principal, and such stalwarts as the Ferguson brothers, Dave McLean, Hadfield, Vollick, Ellyatt, Chapman and SOUTH C. I. others carried the school colours to many stirring victories. Hockey was also an interesting sport during that winter, and the chief players were Ted Johnston. Bus. lVIcLeod, Had- field, Ellyatt. Appleyard, Baker, Gordon, Riddell. This was the start, but the progress continued to such an extent that in 1924- 25 we had our great year in Athletics. Our soccer team lost to Walkerville in twenty minutes overtime by one goal. This aggregation, made up of such great players as Haysom, George, Sinclair, Mc- Eachren, Campbell, Mennill, Dale, Riddell, Norris. Screaton, put up a magnificent game and were very unfortunate to lose. Their spirits were not dampened in any way by this reverse, and they showed their ability to stage a comeback the next year when they won the senior track meet. Riddell won the senior individual, and his efforts, coupled with those of Norris, Mc- Eachren, Franks, George, Franklin, For- sythe, Haysom, Sinclair, swept the team to a magnificent victory. At this point I would like to pay indi- vidual tribute to Allan Riddell. He was, in my mind, the greatest all-round athlete we have had in our school. He was a star track athlete and soccer player. He played a good game of hockey and basket- ball. He also showed himself to advan- tage in rugby after he went to Western. To him I say, Yea! Riddell! In every page sixty-seven