Kenyon College - Reveille Yearbook (Gambier, OH)

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MAJORS IN CHEMISTRY Robert E. Frenkel Experiment Measures A Molecule by Robert Frcnklc, Edited for Reveille OBJECT: To measure the surface pressure of a film on water and to determine the cross- sectional area and the length of a single molecule of that Film. PROCEDURE: A known volume of oleic acid is carefully floated on a large water sur- face. I he acid film formed is then compresset! by a movable barrier connected to a pointer so that a deflection of the pointer is proportional to the resistance of the Film to the barrier. Successive recordings of film resistance per barrier movement arc made until the acid film collapses when additional barrier movements are applied. DISCUSSION: The oleic acid molecules arc free to move in all directions. The molecules arc homogeneously attracted except for the surface molecules which lack upward attraction. These surface molecules are thus less free to move about and consequently tend to form a membrane; however,because of the tendency for the 'heads' of the molecules to dissolve in the water and the ‘tails' not to (Hydrophillic attraction), the oleic acid molecules arc all oriented in the same direction with the hydrophillic attraction between the water and acid at the interface greater than the membrane-forming tendency already mentioned. This ex- plains why a thin film is formed and when this film is under zero compression from the barrier, it may be as- sumed that the film is one molecule thick. Now. knowing the volume and the concentration of the acid, the total number of molecules may be com- puted. The area of the film at zero compression may be arrived at by extrapolating the curve—plotted from bar- rier movement values vs. film resistance—to zero pres- sure. The film is only one molecule thick as already ex- plained; hence the average cross-sectional area of one molecule may be calculated and similarly one may find the length of a single molecule. DATA: 2.00 ml. 0.0011 M Oleic Acid 1.35 x 10 acid mole- cules 67.2 cm- film area at zero pressure 50 x 10 ■ cm cross sectional area of one molecule 7.0 x 10 ■ cm volume of one molecule 1.02 x 10 : cm length of one molecule The results obtained by I. Langmuir arc in fairly close agreement with those in this experiment. Lang- Clyde W. Pinklcy muir: 1.12 x 10 f cm length. Langmuir, J., Am. Chem. Soc., 39, 1869 (1917). MAJORS IN CLASSICS Irresponsible Translators Damage Classics by RAY BENTMAN, Edited for Reveille Fifth century Greek was still an early tongue; the words had not yet acquired the clear-cut denotation so useful to scientific prose. The language seems to bristle with connotation, the meaning almost bursts out of its exterior shell, the sound. Chaucer and Shakespeare had a similar language to work with, but Drydcn, Swift, Johnson, and the more re- cent flood of clear, explicit prose writers have done to English what Thucydides, Plato, and Aristotle did to Greek, what is probably inevitable in any language after periods of great poetry; twentieth century English simply cannot stand up under the weight of fifth century Greek poetry. There is further lacking the grandeur of those times, the classical dignity and order so very apparent in Greek tragedy, and the most that the greatest translators can do will be a weak substitute. More specifical- ly there are problems of grammar, syntax, and imagery. The high degree of inflec- tions in Greek permitted a free system of word order that allowed emphasis and shadings unapproachable in English. The optative mood is lost forever and the subjunctive is at best embarrassing. The middle voice can only be reproduced by adding such phrases as “upon himself or for himself, ' which lack the succinctness and clarity of the middle voice. The use of verbals, participles, and infinitives that convey a sense of latent action, the implication of movement without direct statement, must be conveyed into English by long and tiresome clauses or non-verbal adjec- tives. The translator often must choose between double meanings and forever re- move from the reader the opportunity of selection. Much of the Greek imagery is weak to an English-speaking person. The surging billow that meant so much to a sea-faring people has little impression on an Iowan whose knowledge of water is limited to the bathtub. But it isn't enough for a translator to re- sign himself to these drawbacks; he must use every available method to compensate. Far too often the translator has contented himself to throw the problem into the lap of the reader and this single irresponsi- bility has probably done more to discour- age interest in the classics than has the most 'realistic -minded university presi- dent. Raymond Bcntman

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Kenvan college HONOR STUDENTS David Virgil Aldrich, cum laude George Robert Baker, cum laude James Warth Bates, cum laude Fred William Baum, cum laude Raymond Bentman, cum laude Ralph Owen Briscoe, mag tin cum laudc William Rashleigh Chadeayne, summa cum laude Robert Paul Dcllheim, cum laude Elliott Frederic Ellis, cum laude William Eaglecon Frenaye III, cum laudc Richard Goldhurst, cum laude Lane Schofield Hart IV, cum laude William Karl Hass, magt a cum laude William Redington Hay, magna cum laudc John Atlee Horner, r,, cum laude Theodore Dillon Jennings, cum laude Robert Edward Klein, cum laudc David Warren Kracmer, summa cum laudc Melvin Edward I.aFountaine, cum laudc Harris David Lang, cum laudc Edward Frank Masch, Jr., magua cum laudc Robert Bruce McFarland, cum laude John Cameron McLaughlin, magna cum laudc Martin Harm Molcma, cum laudc Robert Benjamin Muhl, cum laudc George Robert Nugent, cum laude James Blaine Olmstead, Jr., (honors in Philosophy) Frederic Milton Peake, cum laudc Philippe Antoine Plouvier, cum laude Paul George Russel, (honors in Political Science) Saul Leonard Sanders, summa cum laudc John Arthur Sanford, magna cum laudc William Graham Seslcr, cum laudc Robert Charles Shutt, magna cum laudc John Ellington White, cum laudc Earl Van Horn Thompson, cum laudc Edwin Wilson Watkins, magua cum laudc Joseph Arthur Wcndel, cum laudc

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MAJORS IN Peter Weaver Robert F. Koke David (J. Jensen John E. White Joseph A. Wcndel Frederick L. Phillips Robert M. Kastner Myron B. Bloy Robert L. Johnson, Jr. Page 18