Kawishiwi (AO 146) - Naval Cruise Book

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subic bav is located on the west coast of the island of luzon, aPPl'0ximalClY 35 miles tiortlt of the entrance to manila bay. Q. ,. , - - I d d ' - - ferdinand magellan, a portuguese navigator in the service ofspain, an e in the plnlippmes on 16 ma 1521. when the Spanish came, contrary to popular belief, a comparatively advanced culture al-ready existed ' 9 1 hili ines. the majority of the people lived in independent settlements ot u barangays ' which were in i Help fplim Z, federation, the laws under which they lived were largely traditional but as early as l433' mdgg .ipr-Ol revious to the arrival of magellan, there existed a penal code. ' Ol c was not begun by the spanish until 1565 when miguel lopez de logaspi took possession o islahglso h was the Hrst civil governor ofthe philippines named in honor of philip II of spain the s ani - . e , . 2 . . ' , P S cgccupmion greatly, Changgd the spiritual life of the philippines. .under spanish rule, the catholic church Comwtcd 3 relatively large portion ofthe population to christianity, although many old superstitions and' much native culture contihued to exist under a thin veneer of western civilization. war and up,-isings, in which the perennial struggle for power between the church and the state was Often involved. characteriaed the history of the islands from thehbeginmng of spanish ule to the american occupation, a revolution had broken out just prior to admiral dewcy'S Q?fPtH1l'C of manila- ln the lfeall' of Paris, Spain ceded the islands to the united states. the revolutionary philippine government, headed by emilio aguinaldo, protested that spain had no right to cede the islands because their control had passed from her hands to the insurgents. then war began between the united states and the insurgents resistance ended with the capture- f 'naldo. ' of 33:15 novemlxl- 1935, the commonwealth government was established with manuel l. u quezon and lerqig osmena as president and vice-president. the capture of manila by the japanese on 2 january 1942 forced the government into exile in america where quezon died of tuberculosis. three years later, after the liberation of manila by allied forces under general douglas macarthur, aided by thousands of filipino guerrillas, the commonwealth government was restored on 27 february 1945. although manila had been declared an open city by united states forces, its liberation was bitterly contested by the japanese and resultant damage was extremely severe. during the japanese occupation, thousands of Filipino non-combatants were murdered, agriculture and other industries were devasted, and public and private buildings were wantonly destroyed. on fljuly 1946, in accordance with the provisions of an agreement made with the united states, the phil- ippines proclaimed their independence. manuel roxas and elpidio quirino were inaugurated as president and vice-president. in the years since 1946, the philippine republic has struggled against many things, in- cluding the widely publicized dissidents, the huks, which was organized as part of the world communist movement. these groups were captured, and disarmed. under president ramon magsaysay, the government undertook the rehabilitation and relocation of most of these persons. the military bases agreement and treaty ofgeneral relations between the republic of the philippines and the united states ofamerica, signed on 14 march 1947, granted the united states the right to retain the naval res- ervation at subic bay for a period of 99 years. 'subic bay dates from the year 1869. when spanish authorities established a repair base at what is now rivera point. -the spaniards hlled marshes and erected shops and buildings. the old spanish gatel' is a historic reliclstill standing on the base. the base was used by the spanish until their defeat by admiral dewev at manila, after which president roosevelt ordered the establishment of the u.s. naval reservation. 1904, the station at siubic bay was established to support the u.s. asiatic fleet. in 1940, the shops and repair equipment were trans erred to the repair yard at eavite, leaving at subic the uss dewey-a great floating clrvdock. this dryock was towed to marivales in 1942 and su k' ' d 1 f -1 ' n raise J tie 'a anese it was a aiu sunk at Cavite b u.s. aircraft. i 5 J p ' g Y the japanese used the subic area to constr t ' ll forces in 1944before any were completed. macrlig the.u.Tgn3va1 SIEllO1'l.lSLllJ1C bay was established and soon thereafter construction of lmildings and fl- In J , wor was Jegun convertin a forest and a mo t ' ' ' ' t 'ul ' oint at the esatern side of subic bay. i g un am into an alrstnp 3 ii JI P .on 1 october 195-1-, the u.s. naval base w point was commissioned. on 7 december 1959, the subic bay is a natural deep water bay some ei ht i'1 ' p pp g uc sma wooden auxiliary vessels. all were destroyed by the u.s. 35 C5talJli5hCd321l1d on 25 july 1956, the u.s. naval air I-tk1llO1l, cubi community of olongapo was transferred to the hili ine overnmc: 2. anchora CS au .I bl 1 . 1 I g mi es wide and three miles long. there re sufficient g vat a e to accommodate the entire u.s. seventh fleet, rch ' li the A h

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british grown colony: h histoll' ofhong kong is far longer than that ofthe colony itself and begins more than 400 vears ago when tfict eumncaiis were attempting to penetrate china for trade purposes. the portuguese traders were the Elle .gslhc mp, they arrived on the china coast in 1513 and, by persistent pressure, managed to botain an rs! 1 . .. bl.Shmm,1 at macao in 1557 through which they might trade with china. esta 1 ' ' h n bl.i,i,h and Clutch traders followed the portuguese, in the decade ofthe 17th Cf.'lllUl'y. they found that ui -T1cSCu.m5gd to have any dealings with europeans other than the portuguese. it was not until 1700 that thiifll-lat-'W1111 china was established as a result ofa change in chinese policy. buns 4 l . . . d ring UW. negotiations between the british plenipotentiary and the represenalive of the chinese r-mporer ll -P - ,.n Lthc. Opium war of 1839-42,.the island of hong kong. was oflered to british traders as a depot. the folkigli gf th - island was confirmed tn the treaty ol' nanking Ill 1842 and hong kong was from the start estab- asallm pomopcn to au' ' '-1 C1 f - d d 1 ' 186111 - 1 ' ' f 1 . ,loom md the small stonecutterns is an wete ce e to unitian in U yy tie contention o pelting ant, limi A known as the new territories was leased to ljfllliill lor a period oil 99 vears. H3981 the ali 'ip 1.1, years hong kong was not highlv regarded bv the british publici it had an unenviahle during disease tvpihoons. pirates and other lflCSOIlVtfI'llCI1CCS.. the name itselfis though to be derived from rcPTiIg?:g,f,Il'.tfltlie chinese name meaning houng's harbor, the haunt ofa notorious character named houng. ang - ' '

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