Johns Hopkins University - Hullabaloo Yearbook (Baltimore, MD)

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editorial writer on international affairs for the Baltimore Evening Sun and acted as adviser to the International Relations Club, in addition to carrying on his usual teaching schedule. The brunt of the teaching load in the Political Science Department was borne by Professors Swisher and Mattern who were assisted by Professors Micheal and Pelzer of the Walter Hines Page School of International Relations. Professor Swisher was also appointed chairman of the University Comv mittee on PostaWar Planning and deserves a great deal of credit for the progressive post'war policies of the University. In 1943 Professor Greenfield of the History Department received a leave of absence to accept a commission in the Army. He later received a War Department Commendation for his supep Vision of the Historical Section of the Army Ground Forces. June of the same year saw a new set of history courses instituted for the basic trainees of the Army Specialized Training Pro gram and also for the specialized area and lan; guage students. Since history was on the cur; riculum of each group of students in uniform on the campus, the members of the staff of this de; partment had considerable work to do in planning the courses and in teaching them. In addition to the courses given to the students in the basic curriculum of the Army Specialized Training Pro; gram, courses in modern German, French, and Italian histories and general European history were taught in the Advanced Area and Language curricula. l Professor Albright, who conducted the Orieiv tal Seminar, delivered a number of lectures at the Army,s School of Military Government in Charlottesville, Virginia. Nine men left the seminar during the war years, some of them en; tering the Army, while two were commissioned Ensigns in the Navy and were assigned to the intensive study of the Japanese language. Dr. McDiarmid of the Greek Department was called to service with the Royal Canadian Navy as an intelligence officer. Professor Cherniss of the same department was on leave of absence for the year 19424943, after which he joined the armed forces. During the major part of the war in Europe, Dr. Morphopoulos was on leave of absence as a war correspondent for one of the weekly news magazines. . During the war years, the Hopkins was most active in the held of scientific research. In fact, three of the wars most important instruments were wholly or in part developed by the staff. Our work in radar consisted mainly in the lenda ing of Hopkinsvtrained men to other institutions which were actively engaged in the task of per fecting radar. The work on the atomic bomb, however, -was a great deal more extensive. Dr. Fowler had a great deal of prevwar experience in the handling of the materials which were finally used on the bomb, and as a result he and the University were commissioned to continue this work. A model plant for the production of one of the ingredients of the bomb was set up. A manufacturing chemist was commissioned to cona struct a fullvscale plant for the work done by the model plant, but because of technical diHiculties it was found that it would be impossible to do this. Therefore, the plant at the university was

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FOUR YEARS OF WAR CV HEN war came to our country, the Hopkins eagerly responded to its challenge. The faculty, the student body, and the administrative staff all united to answer the clarion call to battle with a magnificent display of courage, fortitude, and indomitable spirit. In the first HULLABALOO in four years, it is fitting that we pause to reflect upon the accomplishments of our Alma Mater and her sons during the war; and well might we be proud of her. For in war, as in peace, the Hopkins has been a foremost contributor to the welfare of our country. The University's first citizen and leader, Dr. Bowman, established the example for Hopkins' Not only by his active participation in wararelated endeavors did he lead us, but by his keen undera standing of the problems growing out of the participation in World War 11 activities. war he assisted us in planning for the hopeful years ahead. During the war years, Dr. Bowman served in Washington as a member of the Policy Committee of the Department of State and as the chairman of the Territorial Committee of the State Department. In 1944 he served as a mema ber of the American delegation to the Dum- barton Oaks Conference. Dr. Bowmaifs experience as special adviser to the late President Wilson at the Paris Peace Conference after World War I amply fitted him for a similar position in World War II. History alone will record his importance to the country in the capacity of special adviser to the Secretary of State at the United Nations conference held in San Francisco in 1946. Occupied as he was by these timeeconsuming tasks of national and inter; national importance, Dr. Bowman nevertheless continued to provide the creative impetus and the guiding hand for the progressive develop, ment of the University. The faculty quickly followed the example of 21 the President and. gave unstintingly of their time and energies. Every department contributed in some way to the war effort. The war activities of the nation claimed a number of the faculty for both the armed forces and for administrative work in civilian capacities. It is diHicult to express the value of their total contributions in concrete terms, but their worth can not be oveiu estimated. In 1941 at the request of the Government, the University released Mr. Owen Lattimore, Director of the Walter Hines Page School of International Relations. Mr. Lattimore had been invited by the Chinese Government to serve as political adviser to Generalissimo ChiangvKai; Shek. In this capacity Mr. Lattimore not only materially contributed to the strengthening of the bonds of friendship between our two nations but also resumed his work here at the University with greatly enhanced experience. Dr. Bullock, Dr. Reynolds, and Mr. Carlson, all of the Department of Political Economy, were granted leaves of absence in 1942 to serve with the Office of Price Administration. Professor Weyforth of the same department served as a member of the War Labor Board and was ap; pointed to an executive position with the Marya land OFFICE of the War Manpower Commission. Throughout most of 1944, Professor Evans, in addition to his regular duties, served as director of the Army's Foreign Language and Area Trainv ing program at Hopkins. Mr. Killingsworth contributed his time and energies to the War Labor Board by serving as chairman and as a public member on numerous War Labor Board panels for dispute cases. During most of the war, Dr. Key of the Political Science Department was on leave of absence and served with the Bureau of the Budget in Washington. Dr. Moos served for a time as an

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put into operation on a fullatime basis, and for many months was the sole producer of this vital ingredient. Another entirely new ingredient was produced by the Hopkins, the only source of this substance. The third of the major works carried out by the staff was the development of the proximity iVTl fuze, which has been called by many the second most important scientific product of the recent war. It was developed exclusively by the Hopa kins at Homewood and at the Applied Physics Laboratory at Silver Spring, Maryland, where the work was carried out under the direction of Dr. Merle Tuve, who received his doctorate in Phys; ics at the University. The problem, greatly simplified, was to develop a radio set the size of a package of cigarettes that would be able to be shot from a gun at a rate in excess of 2,500 feet per second. Anyone who has dropped a small radio only a few feet and then noted the near; disastrous effects will appreciate the aceomplislv ment. The expenditures on this single project were enormous. In normal times the budget of the entire University amounted to approximately three million dollars each year. At one time the laboratory at Silver Spring was running on a budget of close to sixteen million dollars per year. Professor J. A. Bearden was the leader of the work done at Hopkins itself. He had been work; ing since 19-10 on the project, as well as on coum termeasures or defenses in case the Germans should have a similar weapon. The laboratory on campus, in Rowland Hall, employed at one time between fifty and seventy'flve people and was known as the radiation laboratory. During the Battle of the Bulge, Dr. Bearden was in Europe as a scientific observer at the hrst land use of the VT. Besides these wellapublicizecl tasks, hundreds of smaller contracts were held by the University Dr. D. H. Andrews of the Chemistry Department was instrumental in the and its members. development of the superconducting bolometer, 23 a device used to Hsee objects in the dark at any distance, without disclosing the position of the observer. Dr. Hamburger of the Electrical Engi; neering Department in conjunction with Dr. Morgan of the Department of Psychology did work with radar with respect to time and motion studies. Dr. Wolman aided the government on many occasions as a consultant in Sanitary Engi, neering, having served with the War Production Board, the Navy Department, and on several committees representing the United States Goya ernrnent at international conferences concerning the problems of sanitation. The Engineering Departments' members also worked on many other tasks, including the manufacture of voltage regulators for aircraft, the development of plastic insulators, the development and application of synthetic rubbers, the banding of 106 mm. shells, and the uses of cork. The members of the Phys, ics department worked individually on a variety