Jefferson Medical College - Clinic Yearbook (Philadelphia, PA)

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THE JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PHILADELPHIA A BRIEF HISTORY BY J. w. HOLLAND, Dean --ll ' N the hrst quarter of this century certain physicians Camong whom may he mentioned Dr, W, P, C, llartonj ambitious to teach medicine, had made unsuccessful attempts to secure from the liegislature a charter for a second medical school in Philadelphia. lt was such a reproach to any graduate of the Q N, existing school that he should endeaver to set up a rival to his afum zmzlcr that few had the audacity to try it. Social influence proved strong enough either to nip such enterprises in the bud or to blight them before the Legislature. Seven years after ll1trton's abortive attempt, Dr. George McClellan, a man of restless energy, fertile in expedients, determined if possible to organize a medical school under the authority of some literary college already chartered hy the State. On june 2, I824, in company with Drs. john liberle, joseph Klapp and jacob Green, he sent a f comznunication to the Trustees of jefferson College, then situated at Canonsburg, Washington Co., Penna., proposing a plan for a medical department at Philadelphia, in which these four should be part of the faculty. The Trustees adopted the suggestion and established a medical faculty of six chairs in the city of ' Plliladelpliia, as a constituent part of jefferson College, under the name of the jefferson Medical College. J' W' H l'm uw ln the winter of 1825-26 an enlargement of their charter was obtained, which authorized them to appoint ten additional trustees in the city of Philaxlelphia. Rev. Ashbel Green, D.lJ., who was possessed both of influence and learning, wise in council, and of great decision of character, at one time President of Princeton College, was appointed chairman of the additional trustees, and held office until his death in May, 1848. In 1826 an act of the Legislature enlarged the charter, giving the right to grant the medical degree. Two years after, the l'hiladelphia lloard was authorized to have almost entire management of the affairs of the medical college, the parent lloard retaining the right to reverse the proceedings when in their judgment the interests of the college required this action. This relationship survived until the winter of 1837-38, when it terminated by the medical college obtaining a separate charter. In organizing the first faculty Dr. joseph Klapp resigned, and in 1825 the chairs were filled as follows: john liberle, M.D., Theory and Practice of Medicine, B. Rush Rhees, M.lJ., Materia Medica and Institutes, jacob Green, Chemistry, Nathan R. Smith, M.D., Anatomy, Francis S. Beattie, M. D., Midwifery, George McClellan, M. D., Surgery. Having no endowment wherewith to build, they rented the old Tivoli Theatre, now 518 Locust Street, altered its interior to suit their purpose and announced a course of lectures for the winter of 1825-26. The first class numbered one hundred and seven and the degree was conferred upon twenty in May by a writ of 1.5

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mandamus obtained from court, as the charter of the college at Canonsburg had not yet been amended so as to enable it to confer the medical degree. G ' In tl1e summer of 1826 Dr. W. P. C. Barton was appointed to a new chair of materia n1edica. Litigation and discord between two of the professors affected unfavorably tl1e class of 1826-27. The old theatre building proving entirely inadequate, a member of the Board of Trustees, Rev. Ezra Styles Ely, D. D., offered to advance tl1e money to erect a suitable building, the College to take a lease upon it for five years. This building was constructed upon a lot situated on Tenth Street, between what are now called Sansom and Moravian Streets. By August, 1828, it was ready for the tenant, which has been in continuous possession ever since. The chair of midwifery having been declared vacant, Dr. john Barnes was appointed lecturer ffm fL'l1yP0l'6 for one session, and in rtpril, 1827, l1e was elected Professor. At the opening of the session of 1827-28, Dr. N. R. Smith resigned tl1e chair of anatomy. The juncture was critical, but Dr. George McClellan undertook the course on anatomy as well as his own on surgery. The Trustees being dissatisfied with the teaching in midwifery, on june 19, 1828, all the chairs were vacated and on the 26th of the same montl1 the faculty was reconstructed as follows: Surgery, George McClellan, D.D. 5 Medicine, john Eberle, M.D. 3 Materia Medica, W. P. C. Barton, M.D. 3 Institutes, B. Rush Rhees, M.D. 3 Chemistry, jacob Green, M.D. As the chairs of midwifery and anatomy were vacant, Dr. Eberle took the extra work in n1idwifcry, and anatomy was taugl1t by Dr. George McClellan, assisted by the demonstrator, Dr. Samuel McClellan. In january, 1830, Dr. George McClellan was relieved of anatomical teaching by tl1e appointment of his brother, Dr. Samuel McClellan, to the chair. In the hope of securing a more satisfactory assignment of labors in 1830, Dr. Barton having resigned, Dr. 'Eberle was transferred to the cl1air of materia medica, while undertaking to teach midwifery, and Dr. Daniel Drake, of Cincinnati, was appointed to the cl1air of practice of medicine. The session of I83O-SI opened with every professorship occupied by a man of proved ability as a writer and teacher. At the end of the session a disaster was experienced in tl1e resignation of two of the most eminent profes- sors, Daniel Drake and john Eberle. This loss and other changes made in the personnel from various causes had an unfortunate influence Upon the prosperity of the institution. For the session of 1831-32 Dr. Usher Parsons, of Providence, R. I., held the chair ot midwifery, Dr. Granville Sharp Pattison of anatomy, vice Dr. Samuel McClellan resigned. At theiend of the session Dr. Parsons resigned and Dr. Samuel McClellan was appointed professor of n1idwifery, medical jurisprudence and diseases of women and children. By 1834 Dr. john Revere had been appointed professor of medicine and a mutually acceptable organization was effected, which persisted for six prosperous Years. The teaching corps was much strengtl1ened by the election of Dr. Robley Dunglison to the chair of institutes in June, 1836. In 1838 the larger classes called for more commodious quarters, and it was decided that the old building must be altered and enlarged. To do tl1is it was desirable that the title to tl1e property, hitherto vested in Rev. E. S. Ely, should be transferred to the Board of Trustees. As these Trustees in Philadelphia were subordinate to the parent Board and could hold property in tl1eir name only, a 11ecessity arose for a distinct charter, wl1ich would enable the Philadelphia Trustees to hold and modify tl1e medical college property as a separate institution. . I5