Ipswich High School - Tiger Yearbook (Ipswich, MA)

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X Zi II X2 X2 XI 131 X111 I1 X X 21,21 X IZ 2131131121 31 Xt It X: X X XXX X1 IX IX X X X Xi Zi ZZ XZ X Xi 72 X 21,11 Xi ZZ If XZ! 1 II ZZ X Ii 221311112 S'l'UlJEN'l' COUNCIL B111'k Row 111-fl, to rightl: Cll21l'lCS Mourikzis, AIIIIL' B111'1'y, Juan Ri1'l1111'1ls, John Wood, Bala Cou111z111, B1'111ifo1'1l Bz1tch1-11l111', H1-11111 Smoluiiski, Robert Bollos. Mi1l1ll1- Row: Mary Boylziu, J1-an lI1'1'1'i1'k, I,u1'ill1- Iiziilly, John llL'l'I'iL'li, J1-1111 A1111 A1111-s. Rol11'1'1 HLll'liL', lfllixnlioth I'u1'l1-y, B3l'llill'Zl I.z1n1-, lCliz11b1-th B1'1l1'11si11r1. I+'1'1111t Row: ll0ll2ll1l Bowvii, Mary Cu11ui11g'h11111, Joy I.ippol1lt, Gary So1111'1's, Ri1'l1z11'1l Low, Alf1'1'1lz1 Cuilc, Pzitricizi Wildcr, Louise Hodgfkins, G11o1'g1- Spcris. All0tlll'l' ol' tl11- 1l11ti1-s of tliis Council not allow tl11-111s11lx'1-s to lu- N-l!0SSl'l is to sulmiuit lllllllllll 11111l spcciul 1'11po1'ts 111'1111111l lmytl111s1-sinull1-o1111t1'i1-s. A solu- to tlll' C1-11111'11l Asn-111lvly lm' its coiisicl- tion was liuully 111'1'i1'1'1l ut. lmut lllK'l'U is 1'1'11ti1111. still 111111'l1 LliSS2ltlSli1lL'll0ll 1111-1 tl11- x'1't11' 'l'l11' voting p1'111'111l111'11i11 ll11- S1'1'u1'ity 11u11sti1m11. It was 1l111'i1l1'1l llllll lim' itll ci0llIlL'il wus 11111' ol' tlll' l1111'1l1'st lim' tl11' iIll.Ul'lIllll lllSL'llSSl0Il ol' lllly 111a1tt1'1' tl11'1'1 UN 11111111l11'1's to 11g1'1'11 upon. lt was 11-lt sl11m11l1l ln' 1111 11lli1'111z1li1'1' votv ol' s1'x'1'11 1111 111111 l111111l ll111l tl11' Slllilll 1111tio11s ll wus l11'1'1' ll111l tl11' lillSSl1lllS i11 tl11 sl11111l1l lllll lw 11x1'l111l1'1l, lllll 1111 ll11' l1'1111i1111 1'g1s11 lri1'1l to 11111 a111li11111 lllll Ullll'l' llllllll tl111t tl11' lllfgl' 1111ti1m11s woulcl tl11- 11tl11'1' Illl'lIllJl'I'S stood liruily lmy tl11 31

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MlEWBllQ E1ElQlEE lEElEilEElElElElSElQiZE ElElElEEllEQilEiEllQQlElElElQlEiEiEElEEE kX3li!QBM discuss is a question which is being taken up by the Security Council. Each of the United Nations is allowed to send a delegation of five represen- tatives and five alternates to every ses- sion of the General Assembly, although each nation has only one vote. The UN pays the travelling expenses of from one to live representatives, but their sal- aries are paid by the countries they represent. Stettinius, for example, gets 820,000 a year paid by the United States government. The president of the As- sembly also gets no UN salary and is in the same way paid by his country. A president is to be elected for each of the regular sessions, which are to begin annually on the first Tuesday af- ter September 2nd and last until all business is disposed of. At the London session in December Paul-Henri Spaak was elected president and will continue in that capacity for the session which resumes next September. The Assembly may also recommend Security Council. Assembly are to reports from the UN, elect World members to the Council, approve any question to the Other duties of the receive and consider other organs of the Court judges, elect Economic and Social the budget, admit or expel members with the recommendation of the Secur- ity Council, elect the non-permanent members to the Security Council, and elect certain members to the Trustee- ship Council. The General Assembly will probably stick to long-term prob- lems of international economics. cdu- cation, and good will. 30 Voting in the Assembly on impor- tant questions is by a two-thirds ma- jority of those members present and voting. On less important questions the voting is by a simple majority. This is a great improvement over the League which required a unanimous vote on almost all matters. The Security Council is the next or- gan of the UN which deals with the political aspect of the UN. Any mem- ber nation of the UN may bring a dis- pute before the Council. This right was exercised by the Iranian govermnent when it presented its case against Rus- sia to the Council last April. The Coun- cil itself may then take measures to deal with any situation that arises. It may resort to force to preserve peace, and all members of the UN are pledged to carry out its decisions. The Council is composed of eleven members - the Big Five who maintain permanent seats and six non-permanent members. The five permanent seats are held by the United States, Great Bri- tain, Russia, China, and France. At present the six non-permanent members, elected by the Assembly, consist of Mexico, Poland, Brazil, the Netherlands, Egypt, and Australia. The purpose of the Security Council is to discuss and investigate any dis- pute which might lead to aggression. As its names implies, this Council is concerned mainly with security, and the members of the UN place the respon- sibility of the maintenance of interna- tional peace on the Security Council.

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MMMMQlM1M IEMLQEIEBJEIEEIMJEEIEQQEILQMIZILQQ15118155IEDilX31IBJIEIQIBQMIZJEMETLEIlidwmgliiligiiliiillfltiilllilkillgfk rules of the Charter and proceeded to discuss the situation much against the wishes of Bussia. For an investigation there should be an affirmative vote of seven including the Big Fivev except if one of the Big Fivei' is a member to the dispute. But for military action the Big F ivev must all vote in the aflirma- tive. If one of the permanent members vetoes this military action, even if it is a party to the dispute, the Council is automatically stopped and takes no measures to prevent aggression. This is the greatest weakness in the UN Char- ter, because one nation would never vote to call out a World Police Force against itself, although the idea to have a World Police Force is a great im- provement over the League. We have now learned from experience that a world organization such as the UN must have the military power to stop aggres- sion. The large nations point out that the reason the Big Fivei' formed this organization was to prevent future wars, and if the UN started fighting one of the five big powers, the world would be at war anyway. If the large nations cannot live up to the UN Charter, how can they expect the other nations to abide by it? The Security Council members must have representatives at UN headquar- ters at all times, since the Council will now function continuously. Although each Council member has only one vote, the permanent representatives from each nation may be replaced at any time by another representative of his govern- 32 ment, Because of this ruling Byrnes was able to replace Stettinius, and Cromyko replaced Vishinsky during the recent meetings in April concerning Iran. On the seventeenth of each month, since the first meeting was held on january 17th, the presidency of the Council passes on to the next nation following it in alphabetical order. Aus- tralia came first, then Brazil. There were no meetings during Brazilis month, so the Brazilian member had to skip his turn. The United States will get its turn on September 17th and then Stet- tinius will be chairman for a month. In this way each country on the Council is chairman of the meetings for one month during the year. Two important committees under the Security Council are the Military Staff Committee, which controls the World Police Force, and the Atomic Bomb Committee. Our representative on the latter committee is Bernard Baruch, a man held in high esteem by members of all political faiths. Many people remem- ber thc large task that Mr, Baruch suc- cessfully undertook as chairman of the War Industries Board in VVorld War I. In the Atomic Bomb Committee the United Nations hope to find a solution for the control of the bomb which will remove the fear the other nations have of it. The third organ, the International Court of Iustice, deals with the legal problems of the UN. lt is the successor to the League of the Nations Permanent Court of International Justice, which is