Ipswich High School - Tiger Yearbook (Ipswich, MA)

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type page on the matrix. It is then dried in an electric oven and placed in the casting box of the auto-plate. When all the modern machinery was placed in operation, much fear was expressed by labor that it would displace many of the work- ers, but the reverse has been true in this case. There has been a sixty to seventy per cent increase in the number employed in the industry owing to the fact that newspapers have increased their size from eight and twelve pages to an average of forty to sixty pages daily, including the Sunday issue. This has required a great many more employees out- side of the setting of type and make- up of the pages, although this end has required a great increase in workers. Since the inventions of these rev- olutionary methods, there has come a great improvement in the produc- tion of books and magazines. Color work has been added by what is known as the offset process, which has greatly increased the value of the publications as advertising me- diums and has created a more skilled class of workers in the tech- nical parts of newspaper and maga- zine printing. The old-time worker has by no means lagged behind, but has kept pace with the modern methods and is looked upon as the real backbone of the industry. It is a very interesting thing to note the great number of profes- sional men who have been news- paper workers. Statesmen, doctors of the various branches of medicine, clergymen, politicians, and prac- tically any profession which you may name has had, and does have today, its quota of newspaper men. A story is first received in a newspaper office by the head of the news desk. To make the situation seem more real, we can use the sink- ing of the “Titanic” in 1912 as a specific example. This story was on the street forty minutes after it was received over the wire. The story is given out to re-write men who write it in its proper form for publication. It is then sent to the Composing Room where it is marked or keyed in the sequence of paragraphs. These men who do this work are called copy cutters. The copy cutters give it to the men who run the linotypes. Here it is set up in type and a proof taken of it. The proof is sent to the Proof Room where it is read and then re- turned to what is called a revise bank. This is a slanting desk on which the necessary corrections in the proof are made. The story is received next by the make-up men who make it up in columns. This department is con- nected with the editorial room, be- cause it is necessary for the head- ings and other such material to be written here. The page is then made on the molding press into a matrix which is dried in an electric oven. In the auto-plate machine the matrix makes four plates per minute in the circular form of .metal. This is the next to the last step, for the story is then locked on the presses and printed in the form of our daily newspaper. A story as human and pathetic as the sinking of the “Titanic” shows the co-operation of the news- paper men, for many had friends on that boat but did not allow their 20

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Graduation Essays The Daily Newspaper By Theodora Burbank I N the passing of the years during the history of the world man has seen much improvement. The mod- ern age with its rapid progress has brought us wonders that we little dreamed could ever exist. Yet in the hustle and bustle of every day life we hardly ever stop to consider the work behind these great won- ders of ours. Perhaps one of the greatest in- ventions of modern machinery was the linotype. This machine auto- matically produces and assembles, ready for the newpaper pages, type metal bars, each bearing properly a di usted the type characters to print an entire line. It was the in- vention of Ottmar Mergenthaler, a German clockmaker, who came to this country in 1872 and was em- ployed by the United States Gov- ernment as a mechanic in charge of clocks, bells, signal service, etc. He became connected later with an en- gineering firm in Baltimore. While engaged with that company, he be- gan experiments which resulted in the machine bearing his name, Mer- genthaler Linotype. There have been, naturally, many improve- ments in the operating of this ma- chine, but its basic principle has re- mained the same. It easily does the work of six men working bv the old hand method and does it in a more accurate manner, and resulted in completely revolutionizing the pro- duction of newspapers, making pos- sible the production of more pages to a newspaper and cutting down the time of production of a sixteen to twenty-four page paper more than one-half. The next invention which proved of great interest to the newspaper maker was the invention of the webb-perfecting press. This was in- vented by R. M. Hoe of New York in 1866. This caused another revo- lution in the art of producing a newspaper, making possible the production at that time of thirty to fifty thousand per hour of a sixteen to twenty-four page newspaper, wheretofore it had been possible to print only eight nages at the rate of fifteen to eighteen hundred papers per hour. The webb press, the linotype, and the autoplate casting machine were the comple- tion of a triumvirate that made pos- sible the fifty to sixty page news- paper that you pick off the door step just before you sit down to breakfast every morning. The auto-plate caster automat- ically casts plates the size of a newspaper page at the rate of four per minute. They are cast in a half circle to fit on the cylinder of a per- fecting press from a matrix or flong made of blotting paper and tissue paper fastened together with a paste made for this purpose. This matrix or flong, as it is called, is placed over the form of type and rolled down on a moulding press which leaves an impression of the 19

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personal feelings to over-rule the necessity of getting the story before the public. There are many sections and de- partments to a paper. Each has its own staff. Today women are edit- ing pages of interest to women, while years ago a woman was not allowed near a newspaper. The book reviews are written by the most eminent critics in the coun- try. The theatrical news is covered by a man whose sole work it is to see the cinemas and plays and write them up. Of great interest to young and old alike are the comic strips. Most of these are syndicated ; that is, they are owned by a large firm who has the right to sell them all over the country. That is the rea- son that Maggie can be found beating poor Jiggs with the rolling pin not only from coast to coast, but even in foreign countries, and “Moon” Mullens is as well known in San Ber- nardino, California, as in Skow- hegan, Maine. To illustrate the value of the comics, Sydney Smith, the owner of the Gump family, was offered $150 000 for the rights to it, but refused to sell. The photo-engravers play a prom- inent part in the production of a newspaper, for it is through their work that the pictures are repro- duced in a newspaper. All this and even more labor goes into the production of the news- paper for which you protest paying two cents a day. The newspaper is but one of the wonderful inventions which the years have brought us. And as the years roll by, who knows or can guess what the world of Progress will bring us. Ipswich in the Massachusetts Bay Colony By Curtis Haley T HE Puritan migration to New England marks the dawn of a new era in the course of the world ' s history. The voyage of the “May- flower was one of the events in this era and was followed in a few years by the extensive settlement of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The moral and political issues in- volved in the struggles of the Eng- lish Parliament with Charles the First were to become of world-wide importance, and the influence of the men associated with Oliver Cromwell has left a lasting influence on the welfare of mankind. This year commemorates the three hundredth anniversary of the incorporation of the town of Ips- wich, and it is the oldest town in Essex County which has remained three hundred years a town. Originally Ipswich embraced the present towns of Essex and Hamil- ton. When first discovered by the English, the land was owned and occupied by Masconomo and known as Agawam. Masconomo sold his title to John Winthrop for twenty pounds. The original deed of this transaction is preserved among the Winthrop papers at the Essex Ir ) stitute. John Winthrop, son of the Gov- ernor, was the leader in the expedi- tion of twelve men who came to Agawam in March of 1633, or August 4. 1634 (old stvle). The settlement attained sufficient im- portance and dignity to be incorp- orated as a town and the General 21