Indiana State University - Sycamore Yearbook (Terre Haute, IN)

Text from Pages 1 - 464 of the 1910 volume:

THE NORMAL ADVANCE 3 1?: forces of selection in racial evolution, the 'xge'repared-those without ready-made reac- s to the stimuli of racial experience, have n eliminated, while those that were able to und fittingly to these stimuli survived. 4!in the partridge family this preservative at- de is even more marked than in the chick, w the selective forces have been more per- nt. The young of pheasants and quail ct quickly and with precision in the presence '. an enemy. You that have observed the mug of these birds have noted that they are ' 1y able to evade a foe. Young quail when urbed disappear in the leaves with great rity. They are perfectly educated in so ' as coping with such an experience is con- ed. iThe young mouse needs no coaching to better ble it to evade an enemy. A sensory stimu- ex motor impulse suiiiciently strong to h ch it into a hasty retreat. These definite inborn reactions to stimuli are nerally called instincts. Instinctive acts are her definite and immediate, as the chick tching the fly; or serial and mediated as the gets of the bird in returning from the south, lding its nest, sitting upon its eggs, and ding its young. Whether single or serial, se reactive tendencies have persisted and ac- ulated in succeeding generations because ey have been preservative. When the off- ring falls heir to an environment similar to at of its parents the chances are that it will Vive. Should the environment change rapid- the young will be extremely embarrassed be- use of its ready-made reactive attitude. The use reacts poorly in the presence of a trap; e fish acts badly in the presence of a hook; d the pond-lily inadequately adjusts itself .. the absence of water. A radical change in 6 environment of organic life insures its de- n yuction. The elimination of the mastodon, uli'alo, wild turkey, and the wild pigeon, in he animal world, and of the arctic plants that chompanied the glacier, in the plant world, are illustrations of a convincing nature. from an enemy is sufficient to generate a . 'Because of these persistent instinctive ten- dencies, fixed as they are in nervous tissue, it is hard to educate the lower animals. It is only thru continuous effort in an appeal to the pre- servative feelings of pleasure and pain that new habits are initiated. In all cases the spring to the act is a sensory motor stimulus. The train- ed horse never walks on his hind feet until he receives a cue from the trainer. It is thru con trolled sensory motor stimuli that the reproduc- tion of a desired act is made possible. It is disheartening, indeed, that these ac- quired reactive tendencies, either in man or in the lower animals, are not transmissible. The only transmissible quality is the ability to ac- quire the desired reaction. Dan Patch and Hamburg Belle would have lost nothing in speed had their ancestors never seen a sulky nor heard a ttstarterisil gong. Seemingly, the young child is less fortunate than the lower animals, since it has fewer re- active tendencies in response to its environ- ment. Its reactive ttcapitalll relative to the welfare of the body, such 'as the tendency to control the beating of the heart, to raise the thorax, to move the walls of the alimentary canal, and to secrete digestive fluids, is relative- ly as well organized as in the lower animals. But because of manis rapid social and economic progress his oifspring has few reactive in- stincts that especially'iit it for this new inherit- ance. It must build a reactive behavior for this new environment. Thru reflexive responses to the stimuli of these relatively new surround- ings it acquires its first feeling of social worth, secures its first sense of economic value. Thru reacting to stimuli that give pleasure and in- hibiting those that give pain it acquires a ten- dency to behavior that is in keeping with its environment. It seems incredible to the casual observer that this acquired reactive behavior which is so hard to secure is not transmissible to succeeding gen- erations and yet the investigations of biological science have convincingly demonstrated that it is not to any marked degree, if at all. The truth of this conclusion is inferred from our 4 THE NORMAL ADVANCE common experiences. One hardly expects the son of a skilled marble player to possess a more 'skilled thumb than the other boys of the com- munity; nor the son of an expert billiard player to have more skilled eyes and muscles for di- recting the billiard one than his fellows; nor the'child of a blacksmith to have a right arm decidedly larger than the left. Examples are legion in support of this contention. This bio- logical hypothesis seems to strike at the very heart of progress. It calls our attention to this problem: how can the race increase in voca- tional skill and civic insight, if each generation sinks to the same level as that of its predeces- sors? If acquired nerve paths were the only factor involved there could be little or no ad- vance. Fortunately there are other factors to be considered in human progress. That effort is not accumulative is only true biologically, certainly in no other sense. Biologically speak- ing the child of today has inherited nothing of the tendency and habit acquired by his ances- tors either thru accidental or purposed applica- tion. In this particular the race has gained nothing by its long experience. Barring this, the child is their of all the ages? Tho he has not inherited the particular literary skill ac- quired by Shakespeare and Browning, yet he has inherited ttHamleth, and tiMacbethf, tiPippa Passesih and ctRabbi Ben Ezra? and tho he has not inherited the artistic skill of Turner and Landseer, he has inherited ttThe Mouth of the Seinell and ttThe Fighting Tem- erariefi tiShoeing the Bay Mareih and ctThe Monarch of the Glen? And tho he has not in- herited the power in statesmanship acquired by Franklin, J efferson and Hamilton; or the mili- tary skill acquired by Washington and Grant, he has inherited the government projected and protected by these men. He has not inherited the skill in Socratic questioning acquired by Plato, or the pedgogic ability acquired by Froebel, Pestolozzi, and Horace Mann, and yet he -has inherited our great school system which has been materially influenced by the teaching of these men. Tho this phase of biological re- search denies the inheritance of acquired ten- dencies to react to stimuli, it in no way bars i us from inheriting a highly organized social structure with its varied interests and.responsi- bilities. Nor does it bar us from the possibility of inheriting a higher degree of nervous energy and a more eliicient co-ordination of nervous elements, both of which may be transmitted thru chance variation or thru the combination of accented qualities in the parents. The spe- cific social accomplishments that are crystal- , Zized in and thru institutional life, plus a plas- . tic nervous system with strong individual and generic tendencies, is the Heritage of Formal E ducation. . The problem of the teacher is here tentatively a suggested. He must take these elements-the immature child with strong individual and gen- , eric tendencies on the one hand, and the mater- ials of education telements of social progressi 0n the other, and so stimulate the one by the correct presentation of the other, that thru self- ' activity this. immature child frees itself from the limitations that these materials naturally i impose upon it. Such a process, when intelli- I gently directed, is method in teaching. To se- cure an intelligent control of this process is the function of educational theory and practice. It involves, first, a thoro knowledge of the aim of education. Without a definite notion of the needs of the society of the near future, the teacher cannot intelligently lead the child to an adequate realization of its social responsi- bility nor to a reactive behavior that will meet that responsibility. ' Efficient teachers must be 'idealists, since it is their function to prepare children to fit into a social and economic struc- ture that is notably dynamic in character. But worthy ideals are the outgrowth of present reals. This imposes upon the teacher the re- sponsibility of acquainting herself with the. civic and economic life of the present in view of- its future bearing. A knowledge of subject- matter alone is not sufiicient for the teacher. She must know the social bearing of such sub- ject-matter when acquired. She should know whether it will prepare the child for a life of dreaming or a life of doing. . THE NORMAL ADVANCE 5 xx It isnit enough to create a definite reactive be- . havior in response to certain formal stimuli. It must be a reactive behavior capable of doing the worlds work. It isnit enough to secure altruistic emotions. Our educative processes must produce an altruistic intellect and an al- truistic will. It is evident that the character of the educa- tional aim will determine very largely the order and kind of materials used in the teaching pro- ceSs. The aim should serve as a standard in the selection of materials and any serious at- tempt to guide teachers in a mastery of better methods must include an adequate discussion of it. a But to have an aim in education without a definite notion of a route to its realization is to construct a pedagogical utopia. Of necessity, therefore, method involves, secondly, a knowl- edge of just those phases of the curriculum that Will lead to the realization of an adequate aim. Doubtless this has been our greatest stumbling block in the past. We have apparently been alert to the most Vital needs of society; we have generally accepted the advance in inductive psychology; and yet, owing to our educational obtuseness due to a lack of proper stimulation, we have retained required subjects in the cur- riculum that are hoary with tradition. Latin has ear-marks of this character. There was a time when .the Latin language was saturated with the culture of the world. The securing of this culture necessitated oneis acquiring the key to itea reading knowledge of Latin. Later tra- ditionalists added other virtures to it. They argued that a thoro study of the dead languages created in the student a generalized power as well as furnished the basic knowledge of our English words. These values of the traditional- ists have been dislodged by recent observation and research. Nevertheless we are holding on tenaciously to Latin in the required courses of our secondary schools and colleges. Why should we still hold on to these lower rungs of our linguistic ladder since this early culture is now amply expressed in English? That a marked generalized power of reflection is acquired from a study of Latin is most vigorously denied by recent investigators in psychology. The last main argument, namely: that a better under- standing of English results from a study of Latin roots ignores the dynamic character of the content of a language in its adjustment to racial progress. This argument has also lost much of its force by the introduction of simplified spell- ing. Many of the English words have lost their root connections in this saner orthography. What has been argued against Latin and Greek by the progressives may be equally ap- plied to parts or all of many other subjects. Place geography, a history of dates and events, a purely deductive grammar, formal spelling, and any partially deductive science, are a few of the many expressions of form at the expense of content. ' In addition to a knowledge of the aim of edu- cation and an understanding of the materials that will best realize it, it is pertinent that we know, thirdly, something of the child. We should know his stages of mental growth and the interpretative attitudes characteristic of these stages. Without such a knowledge we are apt to present the wrong order or kind of sub- ject-matter. Time and energy may be wasted in teaching technical grammar to a child that is most interested in the art of expression. Moral theory may be repulsive to children at an age when they find pleasure in moral prac- tice. It is evident on the face of it that we must know the child in order to judiciously se- lect and present subject-matter to him. With a thoro knowledge of these things, one' ought to be fitted for artistic teaching. Most persons, however, can sight examples of those who understand subject-matter exceedingly well; who are clear in their notion of the aim of education; and who are well versed in psy- chology and child-study; and yet are relatively poor teachers. The presentation of well chosen subject-mat- ter to children whose interpretative attitudes are well understood and in a manner to best realize an adequate educational aim is, fourthly, another significant factor in method of teach- 6 THE NORMAL ADVANCE s -'fw . ing. This includes the whole scope of devices employed by the tactful teacher. There has been a varied phraseology employed to express this quality in the teacher. Solomon called it wisdom, some have called it tact, others insight, while still others have styled it, in the verna- cular, gumption or perchance good-horse-sense. It is believed by many that the power to em- ploy devices is an inherited characteristic; hence the expressionsttteachers are born not made? University professors have often held this view. They have failed to note individual differences in children and consequently to recognize the fact that one may be trained in the use of appropriate devices as well as in a knowledge of subject-matter. Indeed, many writers on pedagogy have done little more than imply this Vital phase of method. It has been considered the bi-product of a knowledge of subject-matter and psychology, rather than a distinct factor in the teaching process. Doubt- less this has resulted from a careless examina- tion of the relative experiences of the efiicient and the inefficient teacher. The one thru ex- perience, including instruction, has grasped the significance of devices in teaching; while the other, because of a lack of such expenrienoe and instruction, is ignorant of their importance. It is, then, the duty of the student of method thence of all teachersy to investigate the chang- ing social status of his time in order to deter- mine the needs of his own and the nextgenera- tion; to examine the subject-matter of the cur- riculum in View of its power to realize these - anticipated needs; to know the generic and in- dividual characteristics of the child that he may better know the time that such materials may be effectually presented; and to know the ex- periences 0f the child that he may press the keys that will set vibrating those elements that are relevant to the subject-matter to be learned, or to supply them in the event they are lacking. The recognition of the teachers need of those tools of teaching was the genesis of professional courses for teachers. It gave immortality to Pestilozzi, Froebel, Herbart, and Horace Mann, and won the publicis sanction of normal train- ing throughout the world. It is in anticipation of such an equipment that young men and young women of worth are lilling the Normal schools today. And well they may. The field of education never looked so promising as it does now and there has never been a greater call for professionally trained teachers than at this time. This general appreciation of the fundamental principles in teaching is most en- couraging. The Code of Hammurabi WALDO F. MITCHELL, '10 Many centuries before Alexander the Great led his Macedonian Phalanx through Baby- lonia, and many ages before Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt, a civilization rich in culture and government had grown up along . the Tigris-Euphrates valley. Many ages before Moses received the Tablets of the Law from the hand of God, Hammurabi was giving his peo- ple at Babylon laws for their good governing. When Abraham was building up the Hebrew nation in Canaan, Hammurabi tor, as his- torians think, Amraphel, king of Shinar, Gene- . sis 140 was giving his subjects precepts upon monuments of stone. Perhaps the most famous of his monuments is the black diofite found at Susa in December, 1901, by the French expedi- tion under M. de MorganaThiS was about eight feet in height, and was broken into three pieces. It is called, The Code of Hammurabi. - On the front side is an engraving which represents Hammurabi in the act of receiving the Code from the sun god. The manuscript consists of three parts, including the Epilogue and Pro- logue. One feature of the Epilogue gives the THE NORMAL ADVANCE , 7 mission of Hammurabi. ttThe great gods pro- claimed me and I am guardian governor, whose scepter is righteous and whose beneficent pro- tection is spread over my city. In my bosom I carried the people of the land of Sumer and Akkad; under my protection I brought their brethren into security; in my wisdom I re- strained thidi them; that the strong might not oppose the weak, and that they should give jus- tice to the orphan and the widow, in Babylon, the city whose turrets Ann and Bel raised; in Esagila, the temple whose foundations are firm as heaven and earth, for the pronouncing of judgments in the land, for the rendering of de- cisions for the land, and for the righting of wrong, my weighty words I have written upon my monument, and in the presence of my image as king of righteousness have I established? What awe inspires us as we read the writing of a king so ancient; for the Code is more an- cient by ages than the Code of Moses; more stern than the Roman. It is interesting to stu- dents of history because of its antiquity and stern justice. The 4500 years which have suc- ceeded the inscription of the Code are but so many curious lights which cast a strange and bewitching shadow upon those ancient scenes. It is with great delight and interest that we be- come aware of a civilization so old and yet so great. In looking at that ancient people we meditate and marvel at their position in social customs and manners. The records shows that these people had their problems concerning rent, neighbors, etc. itIf a man open his canal for irrigation and neglect it and the water carry away an adjacent iield, he shall measure out grain on the basis of the adjacent fields? itIf a man have not received the rent of his field and he have rented the field for either one-half or one-third tof the cropi, the tenant and the owner of the held shall divide the grain which is in the field ac- cording to the agreement? A iiIf a man give his orchard to a gardener to manage, the gardener shall give to the owner of the orchard two- thirds of the produce of the orchardf, From the Code we learn that the questions of the Liquor TrafIic and Womenls Rights are not of modern origin. We also learn of two common forms of punishment. 4cIf a wine-seller do not receive grain as the price of drink, but if she receive money by the great stone, or make the measure for drink smaller than the measure for corn, they shall call that wine-seller to ac- count, and they shall throw her into the water? ttIf a priestess who is not living in a M A L. G E. A. open a wine-shop or enter a wine-shop for a drink, they shall burn that woman? Although J ustice was stern, all crimes were not punished with death. The punishment was rather ctan eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth? There were classes of people, however, and the degree of punishment was determined by the class and nature of the crime. If a man destroy the eye of another man, they shall de- stroy his eye? ttIf one break a mans bone, they shall break his bone? iiIf a man knock out a tooth of a man of his own rank, they shall knock out his toothy ttIf one knock out a tooth of a freeman, he shall pay one-third mana of silver? gtIf a man strike another man of his own rank, he shall pay one mana of silver? gt'If a freeman strike a freeman, he shall pay ten Shekels of silvery ttIf a mans slave strike a mans son, they shall cut 0H his ear.,, ttIf a son strike his father, they shall out 01f his fingers? . If Henry Clay could have read the past, he could have learned of slavery more galling than American slavery; he could have seen that Hammurabi anticipated his Fugitive Slave Law. ttIf a brander, without the consent of the owner of the slave, brand a slave with a sign that he cannot be sold, they shall cut off the fingers of that brander? ttIf a man harbor in his house a slave who has fled from the palace or from a freeman, and do not bring him tthe slavel forth at the call of the commandment, the owner of the house shall be put to deat W The professions and mechanical arts are not modern. Physicians were held responsible for mal-practice. ttIf an artisan take a son for adoption and teach him handicraft, one may not bring claim for him? tiIf a man steal a 8 t THE NORMAL ADVANCE wateringamachine in a field, he shall pay Iive Shekels of silver to the owner of the watering- machine? tCIf a physician operate on a man for a severe wound with a bronze lancet and cause the man,s death; or open an abscess tin the eyey of a man with a bronze lancet and de- stroy the mants eye, they shall eut 01f his fin- gers? ttIf a'veterinary physician operate on an ox for a severe wound and save its life, the owner of the ox shall give to the physician, as his fee, one-sixth of a Shekel of silver? ttIf a man hire a boatman and a boat and freight it with grain, wool, oil, dates, or any other kind of freight, and that boatman be careless and he sink the boat or wreck its cargo, the boatman shall replace the boat which he sank and what- . ever portion of the cargo be wrecked? The domestic, legal, and social aifairs were .very complicated. ttIf a man present field, garden, or house to his favorite son and write him a sealed deed; after the father dies, when the brothers divide, he shall take the present which the father gave him, and over and above they shall divide the goods of the fathefs house equally? ttIf a man be in debt and sell his wife, son, or daughter, or bind them.over to service, for three years they shall work in the house of their purchaser or master; in the fourth year they shall be given their freedomfi Marriage licenses were required before mar- riage. The state handled petty family troubles in ancient times. ttIf a man take a wife and do not arrange with her the tpropery contracts, that woman is not a tlegaD wife? ttIf she have not been a careful mistress, have gadded about, have neglected her house and have be- littled her husband, they shall throw that woman into the water? A civilization so ancient and 'yet so rich is the wonder to the modern student. This civi- lization has been buried beneath the ages and mountains of sand, but has been preserved in tablets of stone. It is now the common prop- erty of the world, largely through ctThe Code of Hammurabiy The text from which this source material was taken is, ttThe Code of Hammurabi;7 published by the University of Chicago Press, Chicago. This text, which has the reprint of the original, its transliteration and translation into English, was planned by Robert Francis Harper, pro- fessor of Semitic Languages and Literatures in the University of Chicago. He was director of the Babylonian Section of Oriental Explora- , tion Fund at the time of the discovery of the Code. The External Life J. J. SCHLICHER When we consider the effects that have been produced by modern means of communication and transportation, we are sure to think first, if not exclusively, of material things. So much more freight can be hauled, so many more pas- sengers can be transported at such a speed, so much news can be obtained from so great a dis- tance in such a short time, that great has be- come small and far has become near. What- ever is done can be done with greater dispatch, more certainly, and with surer confidence in the result. Business, in short, has expanded, nations have been drawn together, and by using each others surplus, promote the common wel- fare--in material things. It may occur to us also that the banana may now be eaten at the North Pole, and the sea-loving oyster in the desert and on the mountain top, and we may even be led to make that interesting and novel remark about the necessities of life that were luxuries to our fathers. Such, in brief, are the results that come to our minds. We take it for granted that they are good things, and perhaps they are. And if we go farther, and speak of the results of the same improved methods for the life of the THE NORMAL ADVANCE: 9 mind, for the character of a man or a nation, it is likely to be in the same strain. Do we not know more than we used to? Do not our chil- dren treat as common mental necessities the things which were luxuries to their fathers, and have they not long ago ceased to cry for them? And that also is undeniable and there may be some good in it also, especially if we can agree upon the definition of ttgood? At any rate, the most evident factor in such an estimate is that two such clearly distinct things as the mind and the stomach are spoken of in the same way. The sum and substance of it is that in both cases we can get the things to fill them withal, more quickly and in greater abundance and variety than was formerly the case. And in making our estimates, we simply transfer our knowledge from the sphere where it is full and sure, to that in which it is hazy and fragmentary. We do know the stomach- we are acquainted With its size and habits, and know from experience how much it will stand. And one result of this closer familiarity is that the stomach also, knowing our weaknesses, is not slow about protesting, and, as a matter of fact, he manages to hold his own fairly well, in spite of all the improved methods of com- merce which threaten to overwhelm him. The same can not be said, on the other hand, of the mind. We seem to know much less about its capacities, or its peculiarities either. To judge from our actions, when we undertake to store it With knowledge, for instance, all minds must be about alike and of the same size, and there is no limit to What they will hold. And the mind, having, apparently, a much less . intimate connection with us as individuals, does not take the liberty to protest as the stomach does. And so it comes about that with our im- proved methods of communication and devices for the spread of knowledge, the poor thing is beset, or we might better say, assaulted, cram- med, swamped, every hour and day, by a mass of ideas and facts from which it was happily free in the time of our fathers. Think of the books and newspapers and magazines of today; the libraries and bill-boards; sermons, lectures, political speeches; vaudeville shows, grapho- phones, Sunday supplements; moving pictures, advertisements and street-fakirs, to say nothing of the hundreds of new scenes and faces and noises you hear inside of the ten minutes it takes to come down town on the car, or of the endless movement and change in any kind of business in a modern city. All this seems to me clearly abnormal and the worst of it is that, like all abnormal conditions, it has speedily come to be regarded as perfectly natural, and has even been set up as the stan- dard by which we shape our policies. So it comes, for instance, that we have the variety show instead of the drama, the clatter and con- fusion of amusement park instead of the con- cert or lecture, that we have all the multifarious activity, and sometimes even the noisy sensa- tionalism 0f the modern church, and the over- crowded curriculum and itget-rich-quickii methods of our schools. Everything is buzzing and rattling about us in such a way that we feel as if we must be missing something when we do not buzz and rattle also, and teach our children to buzz and rattle. I hope I may not be misunderstood. I do not mean to disparage the knowledge and experi- ence which modern inventions bring us. It is, most ofit, important. A single issue of a daily paper contains enough to keep our minds busy for a year. What I feel like protesting against is not the character of the knowledge, but the overwhelming mass of it. We are not feeding the mind at all, but starving it; we are not clothing it, but even taking from it that which is by right its own. Our life and experi- ence, instead of being internal and 0f the soul, is more and more becoming an experience mere- - ly of the eyes and ears, a dealing at arms length with a tremendous mass of raw, undi- gested, unassimilated facts, a life, in short, that lies entirely on the outside of us. The capacity of the human mind, like everything on earth, is limited. It is humanly impossible for it to take up all this avalanche of things that pour upon it from day to day, and to transform them into its own substance, and make anything out 10 of them that will be of real significance to the individuaPs inner being. Hence instead of be- ing the center of their lives, men and women become mere dangling pendants, without any inner meaning or purpose of perfection. It is as if the school of our existence were being continually disturbed by a passing circus of ex- ternal events, with the children of our thought rushing madly from window to window in their Vain effort to see it all, and the room itself and its work, meanwhile, deserted and neglected. It appears to me that some serious and evil results have followed from this driving out of our lives from within uswresults which we can readily see, but which we do not perhaps con- nect with their real cause. First of all, and per- haps least important, I would mention the un- due preference which is given to the man who does things as against him who thinks and is, to actions as opposed to character, and to the Visible, tangible, practical side of things gen- erally. It is our eyes and ears, our hands and noses that are kept busy by our modern environ ment, instead of our thoughts. The power of meditation and reflectiOn becomes, consequently, in a corresponding degree, atrophied, while on the other hand the mere acquisitive faculties are trained and exercised. Hence it is that these call so constantly and insistently for food, and this food for them only the actual happening of things on the outside can supply. It is large- ly because the doer of deeds and the performer of stunts can furnish us with something for our pampered ears and eyes to feed upon, that they keep us busy without the necessity of thinking, that they have come to have the honor that they have. Distinctions between good deeds and indifferent or evil deeds, between beautiful and ugly deeds, tend to fall into the back- ground. It is a stimulus, a thriller, from the outside that we want, and this the mere thinker, or he who simply is something, can give us in only an inferior degree. I am not saying that simply by way of criticism, but to present a condition the effects of which will be found per- meating every activity and estimate of our modern life. I am not saying that the condition THE NORMAL ADVANCE is all bad, or that it may not be made to bear good fruit, but that it is present and abnor- mally exaggerated and therefore. constantly tends to harm, will not be denied. More serious than the condition just describ- ed is the woeful distraction and desire for dis- traction which characterizes so many people of the present day. Having no inner life in which they may find their resources of happiness and satisfaction, they flee to the world without of their own accord. Religion, for example, to use but a single illustration, has for many peo- ple long ceased to be a thing of the heart and the closet, and has become a round of club and committee meetings, of devices and schemes and external show. People get the feeling that they do not count unless they can see themselves somewhere exposed to view and in the push. But the worst of it is that this everlasting search for external satisfaction, for an unceas- ing round of activity outside of ourselves, is disintegrating character. Flitting from one thing to another, each with little or no intimate significance for the individual himself, we lose all steadiness of purpose and all desire we may havelbeen born with to do anything completely and well. It would not be possible to do all the things that appear to make claims upon our time, and the mere attempt to do them leaves us at the end with our sensibilities dulled to- the distinction between what is and what is not worth while. And with out standards we lose our integrity and independence, too. For you must not think that you can constantly indulge in a revel of sensations and external experia ences, without forming the habit of yielding, in general, of being led from without instead of within. Stubbornness and prejudice you may still have, and probably do have, but that thorough downright action of character and personality, which flows from a soul well bal- anced in its own convictions, is surely gone. Finally, and perhaps most disastrous of all, the external life of our day dulls our moral sense and weakens our feeling of responsibility. This, too, comes about most naturally. So long as our experiences and standards of conduct are THE NORMAL ADVANCEI 11 largely internal, we feel that we are dealing with matters in which good and bad result di- rectly from our own choice. Whether my thoughts go up or down, whether I am sincere or a hypocrite in my own heart, I can not easily escape the conviction that it is because I choose to be so. For I may guard the sanctuary of my soul to a very large degree, if I will, and what goes on within is my own. But not so upon the stage of the life outside, where I am only one among countless others, and where this and that may so easily interfere, which I can not help, and which will seem to excuse any failure 01' shortcoming on my part. An evil deed is readily accounted for by the iniiuence of our environment, and if we agree to surrender our- selves to our environment and give it the place which it claims, the individual can no longer be blamed for what he does. Hence comes our leniency toward all crime, our readiness to as- sume that a man means well even. when he does ill, and above all, that deep-seated casuistry of so many of the doers of our deeds, by which anything may seem allowable if looked at from some point of view. There is one remedyeto restore the inner life, the conscience, to its proper place as the arbiter of our deeds. But this means that we must give thought to this inner life, and not allow things external to encroach upon it or rob it of its vitality. To perform its full duty of regulating our outer life, it must have grown to full stature by the rule of right which nature gave it. It is out of the abundance ofthe heart that the mouth speaketh, not out of the abund- ance of things seen or heard. But you will ob- serve that this presupposes an abundant heart to begin with. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE it Terrestrial Magnetism ,, RAY JARED, '10 If we could conceive a huge magnet thrust through the axis of rotation of the earth, hav- ing its north seeking pole at the south geo- grapical pole and the south seeking pole at the north geographical pole, we would get the first crude notion of the earthls magnetism. By the action of such a magnet a magnetic needle at the equator would stand in a hori- zontal position and would remain horizontal at all points on the equator. Advancing poleward we should, in the northern hemisphere, find that the needle loses its horizontal position and dips more and more so that if produced it would cut the earth. At the north pole the needle would stand vertically with its north seeking pole downwards. Subj ect to certain alterations this is just what happens when we travel with a magnetic needle about the earth; and accordingly the earth is regarded as a huge spherical magnet having its north seeking pole at the crown of the southern hemisphere and its south seeking pole at the crown of the northern hemisphere. Thus we see that the earth is in some ways a huge magnet and has in consequence a magnetic field. The distribution of the field upon the surface of the earth is similar to that of a field sur- rounding a bar magnet placed at the center of the earth, the only difference being that the field of a bar magnet would be quite regular and equal while the magnetic field of the earth is more or less irregular. At any one place, however, the field may be regarded as being uniform. Now a freely suspended needle would set itself along the lines of force at any place and if such a needle were carried round the eaI'th,s surface from the north pole to the south pole it would be found to take up different positions and set at diEerent angles with the horizon at the different places on the earth. Such actions of the needle is called ttdipping. This fact, the dipping of a magnetic needle, 12 . THE NORMAL ADVANCE as x- was known Ivery early. In 1269 it is believed to have been khoWn in Europe, although some doubts are expressed c'oneeining this. At any rate Columbus is said to have noticed the. Var- ring of the tidipll about 1480. Some accounts state that it was known to the Chinese as eafly as the eleventh century. The first real work to get at the causes, or to show the nature of this strange phenomena was done by Gilbert in the sixteenth century. His primary thesis was that-the globe consists of a certain solid homogenous substance, firmly coj herent and endowed with primordial proper- ties. The Various substances which appear at the surface of the globe through contact with the atmospheric waters, and influence of the heavenly bodies, have become deprived of the prime qualities, properties and true nature of terrene matter. But lodestone and all magnetic substances contain the potency of the earth,s core and its imnost viscera, in virtue of which the earth itself remainsfin'p'osi'tion and is di- ' rected in its movements. Thus, reasons Gilbert, the earth is a huge magnet, or the lodestone is a fragment of the magnetic earth which possesSes the primal form of terrestrial bodies. In other words Gilbert thinks that the magnetic qual- ities of the earth are due to the core, which is made up of lodestone and other magnetic sub- stances. The investigations made by Gilbert in sup- port of his theory are very interesting and logical. They consist first, in determining what a magnet is. Second, the cause and char- acter of magnetic attractions, and third, the nature of its polarity. Having found certain phenomena of the lodestone true of the earth, and conversely certain terrestrial phenomena true in a miniature earth made of lodestone, he concludes the earth itself to be a magnet. The research begins with a comparison of the poles of the heavens, the poles of the earth and the poles of lodestone; the proposition is at once laid down that the poles of magnet on the earth look towards the poles of the earth, move towards them and are subject to them. This was the first statement of the truth that xxg the compass needle is governedenot by the poles of the heavens, or by the 'pole star, but by the magnetic quality of the globe itself. . In order to prove the like natu're of the earth and lodestone, Gilbert carved a piece of the stone into Spherical form. Thisminiature earth he called an ttearthkinll 0r ttterrellay and upon this he made his experiments mainly by placing near to it pivoted iron needles or plates, and noting the directive 0r attractive force ex- erted by this globe. Another theory similar somewhat to Gilbertls is that the crust contains an abundance of iron and other less strongly magnetizable metals. Iron pervades all ttprimaryll and ttsecondaryll rocks and forms an essential part of innumer- able minerals. But the source of this magnet- ism is not clear. The least unsatisfactory ex- planation seems to be something like this: ttThe earth turning towards the east, offers the more westerly parts of its surface to solar radiation. The thermal eifect is the same as though a fiood of heat travelled around the earth from east to west. We have seen many in- stances which show that heat and electricity travel together, that in a closed circuit, if we can get heat to circulate, the current travels with it. There may, therefore, be prevailing earth currents moving with the sun from east to west around the earth. The earth being mag- netizable, these currents would convert it into an electro-magnet. The light of the aurora, which seems to have its greatest activity at the poles, is not unlike the light seen on making a strong electro-magnet in a dark room. With all that has been discoVered regarding the nature of the earthls magnetism, there re- mains a great deal to be discovered before its nature will be clearly understood. The practical application of the earthls mag- netic field and the ttsettingl, property of a sus- pended needle is made use of in navigation. The magnetic needle which is used by sailors is much more elaborate than the ordinary pivoted needle. The mariner,s compass now used was designed by Lord Kelvin. Instead of having a needle swinging over a circle on which :THEvNORMAL ADVANCE , a 13 the points of a compassare marked, a circular piece of card is pivoted so that it can turn in a horizontal plane. On the'under side of the card a number of small magnets are fixed With their marked poles pointing in one direction. This arrangement obviates any error of their magnetic axes not being parallel to their edges. The magnets are attached to the card so as to be parallel to a line joining north and south. As the card is only free to turn in a horizontal plane, the box must be suspended so that it al- ways remains horizontal however much the ship may roll. , In order to take a shipls bearings at any place, the angle of declination, or ttdipi, at that place must be known or else the captain would not know which way to head his boat in order to arrive at a certain place, For this purpose magnetic charts are drawn up upon which lines of equal declir ion are marked. A line is drawn througi ll places at which the declina- tions are equa. This is termed an ttisogonici, line. Thus the declination at the various parts of the world are mapped out by isogonic lines. A line joining the places at which the declina- tion is 00, that is where. the magnetic meridian coincides with the geographical meridian is called an agonic line. The reading of the angle of declination of the place at which, the boat is located, is compared to the chart and the line that coincides with reading of the ship, shows just where the ship is with reference to the land or place that the boat may be going. Preservation of Wood MILTON, B. NUGENT, '10 One of the great problems of the day is how to make theisupply of wood equal the demand. At present the forests are decreasing rapidly, and the demand for wood and wood products is increasing at even a greater rate, so it is only a question of time until the supply of woodwill be exhausted, if steps are not taken to stop the wasteful use of it, or to keep up the forests by tree culture. Increasing the forests is a mat- ter of time as it takes seventy-five to one hun- dred twenty years for a timber tree to mature. The first problem, that of using the available wood most economically is the most pressing one. Great corporations, such as railroads, bridge companies, etc., have undertaken to lessen the demand, that is, use to the best possible advant- age the wood they have, so they have hit upon the plan of preserving the timber, in use, by chemical treatment. The railroad companies, which use enormous quantities of wood for ties,ihave, for a long time, felt the need of lengthening the life of ties. , At first, such woods as white oak and other hard woods were plentiful, so they were used. But now the scarcity of hard woods com- . pels them to use pine, cottonwood, maple, etc. This entails a great deal of expense as the life of a soft wood tie is very short. As a result, they have begun experimenting with processes for preserving the wood. The results have been very satisfactory. Perhaps the best system for the preservation of wood is that of creosoting. The only ob- jection to this plan is the high price of creosote oil, and the consequent expense of the treated ties. There are two kinds of creosote used: tll dead oil of coal tar, ml wood'creosote oil. The latter is the cheaper but not as good as the coal tar. One company that has tried the wood creosote has abandoned it. They found that its life as an antiseptic is short, it being easily soluble in water. The process of creosoting consists of placing the ties in a large iron cylinder. The air is then exhausted, the ties heated by steam to soften the cell walls, and dissolve the contents of the cells, and then hot creosote is forced in 14 THE NORMAL ADVANCE W W: under high pressure. In the course of the creosoting process the sap should be thoroughly extracted, and the oil forced into the wood, for the wear of the rail may cut through the sur- face and leave the thus exposed interior of the tie to decay. The following account makes the creosoting process clear. The timber is placed on cars and run into the large iron cylinder. This is then hermetically sealed, and the air pumped out. Live steam is then forced in, destroying the vacuum and giving a temperature of 125 de- grees F . This requires about fifty minutes. The vacuum pump is then started, creating another vacuum. This is done to open the pores of the wood. This requires about fifteen or twenty minutes. Live steam is again forced into the cylinder and the pressure raised to thirty pounds per square inch. This pressure is main- tained from siX to eight hours, according to the condition of the wood. Then the vacuum pump is started again, creating the third vacuum. While this is in progress the tem- perature is raised to about 225 degrees F. The third vacuum is maintained for about five hours, and then the creosote is forced in at the . temperature of 170 degrees F. The pumps are again started and the pressure raised to about ninety pounds per square inch. This pressure is kept up for from one to two hours, after Which the cylinders are opened and the charge drawn out. The Whole process consumes from eighteen to twenty hours. The average amount of creosote is one and three-fourthsgallons per cubic foot of wood. The cost is from $12 to $14 per thousand feet. The average life of the hard wood ties is doubled7 and that of the softer woods trebled and even quadrupled. Some figures show that creosoted ties . in northern F rance lasted twenty-seven years. Cottonwood and maple ties without creosote last three or four years, while creosoted ones last from ten to fourteen years. Another process which has been thoroughly tried out is that of Burnettizing. The process is similar to that of creosoting, but instead of creosote zinc-chloride is used. Here, the time required is shorter, being only from ten to twelve hours. ' The zinc solution, unlike the creosote, is not heated. It has the property of hardenng the wood but makes it brittle. Ties treated in this way are liable to split if exposed to the hot sun, and they cannot be used in damp soil as the , moisture extracts the solution. The rules of the companies using the Burnettized ties are that they should be used only in dry cool regions. To overcome the objections to Burnettized wood When used in damp soil or atmosphere, there are several auxiliary processes. The best. i known of these is the Wellhouse or zinc-tannin process. This is the same as the Burnettizing, only about two pounds of glue is added .to every one hundred pounds of water. This is allowed to stand under one hundred pounds pressure for about two and one-half hours, after which the solution is drawn off and a tannin solution forced in. A pressure of one hundred pounds is maintained for an hour, during which the tannin combines with the glue, forming a leathery water-proof coat Which permanently closes the pores of the wood, thus keeping the zinc inside and the water out. Cottonwood ties treated by the Wellhouse process lasted nine years; sweet gum, nine years; red oak, nine years; black oak, ten years; white cottonwood, eleven years; and Colorado pine, twelve years. These same ties without being treated would have lasted from three to five years. The time element in this process makes it valuable as it takes only about nine hours to treat a load. Another popular process is to heat green ties to a temperature of from 300 to 500 degrees under a pressure of one hundred seventy-fiw pounds per square inch. This can ses a chemical change in the sap, which turns it into a pre- servative. Still another process, Kyanizing, consists of steeping the ties in a solution of bi-chloride of mercury about one pound to eight or ten gal- lons of water. This hardens the wood. This THE NORMAL ADVANCE 15 process hardens the wood, but does not protect it against dampness. However, this treatment has been tried in Massachusetts and found to be economical in spite of the fact that it takes from eight to ten days to complete it. In an experiment, two pieces of wood of the same kind, one of them Kyanized, were buried. After twenty years the Kyanized wood was found to be sound, While the other had rotted. There are many other ways of lengthening the life of timber While in use. By these pro- cesses the cheaper grades of timber that can- not be used for anything else can be profitably utilized for ties. This leaves the valuable hard woods for other uses. The aims of each of these processes are to keep out moisture, insects, to prevent fungus growth, and interior fermentation of the sap. But this is only one side of the question. If the supply of wood is to be unfailing, it must not only be used economically, but the forest supply must be kept up by intelligent cutting and planting of trees. The immediate need, though, is for less profligate use of cut timber. Report of the Auditing Committee for the Senior Class To the Auditing Committee: 'The following is a complete statement of the resources and expenditures of the Senior Class of the Indiana State Normal for the spring . term, 1909: RE SOURCE S Received of Harry E. Davis, former treasurer ......................... $42 00 Received of Otto Schoeppel, chairman Finance committee, Class dues ...... 773 30 $815 30 EXPENDITURES H. A. Kesler, for postage, drayage on caps and gowns ................... $1 00 W. M. FOX, for tickets, printing, base- ball, stamps ...................... 3 70 Will E. Edington, for subscription to . Normal Advance .................. 300 00 S. P. Katzenbach, Treas, for rent of opera house for senior entertainment 100 00 Mrs. G. W. Farris, Jun., for music, June 22, ,09 ....................... 2 00 ' Mrs. J . M..McAdam, for singing, J une 22, 109 ........................... 5 00 S. H. Clark, for reading at senior en- tertainment ....................... 75 00 W. H. Paige 85 Co., for piano rent. . .. 4 00 Otto Schoeppel, for stationary and pic- ture .............................. 1 75 Wm. F. Kamman, for draft payable to W. C. Kern 85 00., for rent 011 caps and gowns ....................... 135 00 $627 45 Balance paid to J . B. Wisley, Stu- dent Fund ....................... 187 85 $815 30 Respectfully submitted, WM. F. KAMMAN, Treas of Senior Class ,09. June 24, 1909. We, the undersigned, members of the audit- . ing committee, after carefully going over the accounts of the expenditures and resources of the Senior class for the spring of 1909, find that the above given report of Wm. F. Kam- man, treasurer for spring of 1909, is correct. tSignedy J OHN B. WISELY, OSCAR FARRIS, C. T. AMICK, MARY E. ROGERS. Auditing Committee. 16 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR ' ---------------- Editor-in-Chief WALDO F. MITCHELL ------------- t - Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN - - ------------ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ------ . ----------- Society Editor JESSE WooD ..................... Athletic Editor W R' VALENTKNE 3 Local and Alumni Editors H ARRY Howxcx ............. CHLOE HOUGHTON ------------------- Senior Editor ............................. J unior Editor CLYDE SHAW ------------------- Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross ----------------- College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF WM. 0. WINKLEB ................. Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS -------------- Advertising Managers ADAM BOWLES ................ Circulation Manager BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ex-Omcio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR. CUNNINGHAM, WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0., Secretary WM. H. CAIN, '10 .............. '11 WM. UNVERFETH: 12 Published monthly from October to J une, inclusive. Tm ...................... $1.00 per Year Single Copies . . . .............. 10 Cents Commencement Number .................. 35 Cent Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE, Terre Haute, Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify TEE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- butions. Entered at the Terre Haute post office as second class mail matter. Our editorial staff consists entirely of new members. While it will be for you, the reader, to pass judgment upon our work, we desire to say for ousselves that each one of us expects to put forth his best efforts. This first number is intended to fairly indicate what the ADVANCE will be this year. We bespeak the hearty- co- operation of the entire student body, the alumni, and the fa culty in making the ADVANCE a paper worthy of our School. I. 8.1V. UOLLEGE COURSE DOOMED? NO! The fact that the Governor called a meeting of college presidents of the state to discuss higher education in Indiana has excited the suspicion among a great many people, among Whom are a few students, that an attack is being made on the State institutions of higher i education. This is a mistake. The. meeting was unoiiicial, and was called by the Governor simply to secure authentic information on which to base his recommendations concerning a propriations to Indiana University, Purdue niversity, and Indiana State Normal by the next Legislature. To those who can read the iisigns of the timesli this meeting means the dawning of an era of intelligent co-operation of all educational forces in the State, with the result that great good will come to Indiana. iiAt the afternoon session of the meeting President Ellis 0f Vincennes introduced a reso- lution that neither Purdue 01' the State Normal should confer the degree of bachelor of arts. tIndianapolis Newsy. It was the above reso- lution which gave rise to a rumor, now widely circulated, that the next Legislature would do away with the College Course at I. S. N. This is an altogether fallacious notion, and unwar- ranted by any action taken at the meeting of Indiana college presidents at Indianapolis, Oc- tober 14th. During the course of the discus- sion of this resolution it became plain that I. S. N. was acting within the authority granted by its charter in oifering a College Course lead- ing to the A. B. degree. In fact, the charter re- quires that this institution prepare teachers for the common schools of the State; and, by the recent school legislation, high schools are made a part of the common school system, and a col- lege degree required of one of the teachers in each school. Manifestly then, I. S. N. must offer a college course. ' THE COLLEGE COURSE AT 1. s. N. HAS COME TO STAY, AND WILL CONTINUE TO GRADUATE MEN AND WOMEN WITH THE HIGHEST QUALIFICATIONS FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL WORK. THE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION. The Athletic Association is worthy of the support of every student at I. S. N. The fact that the board of trustees considers an athletic field, and gymnasia for both men and women THE NORMAL ADVANCE 17 indispensable to the equipment of a normal school is evidence that athletics are an import- ant part of education. When a student tells a solicitor for the Athletic Association that he is not interested in athletics he discredits the judgment of the educational and business brains that make physical recreation possible for him while in school. Furthermore, he de- clares himself disinterested in the very thing that will occupy the most prominent place in the minds of his pupils whenever he becomes a teacher. He is doomed to a partial failurebes cause he can not expect to crush out or wisely control an interest that he can not understand. There is no doubt that the young man prepar- ing to teach should keep in sympathy with amateur sports and games. Evidently then, the question is, does the Athletic Association furnish the cheapest and the best means of ac- complishing this end? All sports and games must be subject to some interested, organized, authoritative control. The Athletic Associa- tion, an organization of students and teachers, furnishes this Control. Athletics must have financial support. This the association fur- nishes also, at a cost of $2 per term or $5 per year for each member. An admission of 25 cents is charged at games, but the members of the association enter on their membership tickets. No man can ttmake the ivarsity teami, unless he is a member of the association, and, if he plays on a class team he must join or pay the regular admission of a spectator. Of course the association furnishes all the athletic goods used, so the players are not at any expense eX- cept to gratify the desire, which many experi- I enced athletes have, of owning their own outfit. In View of the importance of athletics, in view . 0f the cost of athletics, in view of the fact that the association furnishes the cheapest means of securing amateur sports and games to both players and spectators, it is safe to conclude that the students of I. S. N. need the Athletic Association as much as it needs them. The editors feel that the field open to both students and alumni contributing to the col- umns of the ADVANCE will be enlarged by the addition of a department devoted to schools and pedagogy. They have arranged with alumni prominent and successful in school work to contribute to this department. The first article in the series appears in this number, and was written by Mr. Turner 0f the Illinois State Normal University. Mr. Turner was busi- ness manager of the ADVANCE in the early years of the paper, and is still loyal to it, and to I. S. N. However, the editors have not engaged all the material for the new department, so they will be pleased to receive articles along this line from both students and alumni who be- lieve their work is worth talking and writing about. - Students, we wish to call your attention to some of your down-town friends, the business men who advertise in the ADVANCE. Give them the preference in your trade whenever possible. They help to support your paper and your school. In turn, your business Will help them, - and they will show their appreciation by con- tinuing to treat your interests well. Items of Interest STATE'B'UPT. ROBT. J. ALEY VISITS I. S. N. At the invitation of Pres. Parsons, Dr. Aley addressed the students in Normal Hall, Wed- nesday, October 6. He pointed out how a good course of study might be either a task-master or a splendid servant. He then outlined his policy in regard to the common schools as he put it into the ttState Course of Study? He expressed his confidence in the school system as it exists, but said that he was glad that it was not, and never could be perfect. When- 18 THE NORMAL ADVANCE W ever he finds himself in a crowd of perfect peo- ple he keeps his hand on his pocketbook. He advises everybody else to do the same thing. There are three things he wishes to have emphasized in the schools of Indiana. They are: tli The children should be taught the laws of hygiene and how to best observe them. His argument was that the people at large must understand and appreciate the efforts of the state board of health if legislation along the lines of personal and public hygiene are to be elfective. tm The essential features in any subject should be emphasized, and the minor points allowed to fall into place. Vague ideas of the subjects taught leads to ttimpx'essionistid, teaching. One teacher lately wrote on her ex- amination paper b The Idylls of King Lear, were written by Shakespeare? m Let every teacher in the state begin a vigorous campaign for better English. It is no use to argue that the school cannot overcome the influence of bad language in the home. If the school is so weak every teacher in the land is already sadly mis- directing her energy. The entire body of normal students and the pupils from the upper grades in the training school were present and attendediclosely to the address in spite of the fact that Dr. Cook, the Arctic explorer, was to be in the city for five minutes immediately following the hour given to Dr. Aley. 1- a , t - MABBIAGES Miss Frances Snyder and Mr. Chas. Mont- gomery were married at St. Marys Rectory, Lafayette, at 8 olclock p. m., Sept. 1, by Rev. J . R. Dennen. The attendants were Mr. and Mrs. Chas. A. Wright of Muncie, Mrs. Wright being maid of honor and Mr. Wright the best man. After the wedding a reception was given at the home, seventy-five guests being present. The color scheme was pink and White and the decorations were asters of those colors. Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery are very popular and have a host of friends both at home and . ' in school. We are glad to have them ,yvith us this year. They are at home at 621 North Seventh street. Miss J ennie Thomas and Mr. Chas. A. Wright, ,03, were married August 3, 109, at the home'of the bride in Logansport, at 11:30 a. m. by Rev. White. After the ceremony the wedding breakfast was served to twenty-five guests. The attend- ants were Frances Snyder of Lafayette and Mr. Andrew Angermeyer of Logansport. They are at home in Muncie, Indiana, Where Mr. Wright teaches science in the High school. Miss Hannah Kiester, 106, and Mr. Claude Kimmel of Kimmel, Indiana, were married Aug. 14, 709, at Ft. Wayne. They are living on a farm near Kimmel. THE GIBBS GLEE CLUB The Girls Glee Club which has been organ- ized this term, held its lirst meeting Wednes- day afternoon, October 13, to discuss plans for the coming year. The aim of the Glee Club is to furnish a means for the study of the best glee club songs, as well as to provide music when needed at any I. S. N. functions. The membership will be limited, but applications may be sent to the secretary at any time as all .Vacancies will be filled immediately. With the interest and enthusiasm the girls are showing, the Glee Club is an assured success. The fol- lowing oflicers have been elected: President, Miss Pauline Edington; vice-president, Miss Nelle Haberstich; secretary, Miss Pauline Clark; treasurer, Miss Grace Evans, and librar- ian, Miss Freda Meyer. Regular meetings will be held every Wednesday afternoon in the music room. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 1 CO New Faces in Faculty OEPHAS GUILLET Dr. Cephas Guillet fills the position made vacant in the department of psychology when Mr. Bean was granted leave of absence for the year. Mr. Guillet was born at Colburg, On- CEPHAS GUILLET tario, Where he was graduated from the high school and later 0880 took his bachelorts de- gree at Victoria College in the same city. The next seven years of his life he spent in teaching in the high schools of Canada. He then came to the United States and entered Clark Univer- sity for a postgraduate course in psychology and logic. He took his doctors degree there in 1898, his thesis being itRecapitulation and Edu- cationit published in iiThe Pedagogical Semin- ary? A little later he went to Ottawa Where 1 he founded a school for boys and conducted it for five years. The next three years he spent as a teacher in the Toronto Technical School. He taught psychology and logic in the New York Training School last year, from which position he comes to I. S. N. He is the author of numerous articles published in scientific journals, among the most receht being iiReten- tion in the Child and in the Adult? published in the July number of the iiAmerican Journal of Psychology? Mr. Guillet has brought his family to the city and they are living at 1920 North Eighth street. 0. B. BACON The Senior Class 109 respectfully dedicate this volume to Mr. C. B. Bacon in token of their appreciation of him as a. teacher and as a friendeThe Iris i09. Mr. Bacon attended Peddie Institute 1888- , 1892, anti then, in turn, Brown and Columbian Universities. He took his A. B. at the latter place in 1899. He became a student at Harvard the following year and. took his M. A. in 1900. After doing two more years work there he re- turned to Peddie Institute as an instructor in c. B. BACON history. Later he became instructor in history in Cambridge E. H. School from which posi- tion he went again to Harvard University as assistant instructor in the history of philos- 20 ophy. In 1902 he became professor of history and public speaking at the state normal at Stevens Point, Wisconsin. He comes from that position to Indiana State Normal as head of ROSCOE RAYMOND HYDE the department of oral reading and public speaking. We quote from the Stevens Point Gazette: tiIn Prof. Bacon the school has lost one of its most popular, capable, and hard-working teachers, one who was a friend to everyone, and who believed in and thoroughly practiced the golden rule. His personality won for him a place in the hearts of the students and faculty alike which his absence will not take away. S. P. N. wishes him only success? BOSOOE RAYMOND HYDE Since last J une Roscoe Raymond Hyde has filled the position made vacant by Oliver S. THE NORMAL ADVANCE Thompson, who was an assistant professor of physiology, zoology and botany. Mr. Hyde has had considerable experience in public school a work both as a-student and as a teacher. As a boy he attended the district schools and the graded schools at Brazil, Indiana. After finish- ing his course in the Brazil High School, Mr. Hyde entered the Indiana State Normal, where he graduated from the 01d four years course and later from the college course, being a mem- ber of the first class to receive the A. B. degree from the institution. He has spent three years as a student at Indiana University, which in- stitution has conferred upon him the degrees of B. A. and A. M. for studies in zoology, bacteri- ology and mathematics. He has done special work in degeneration under Dr. Eigenmann, Dean of the Indiana Graduate School. Mr. Hyde taught one year in a district school and served one year as principal of a graded school. For two years he assisted Professors Cox and Rettger in their laboratories. At I. S. N. he has been an instructor two terms in the department of mathematics and one term in the department of zoology and botany. During the summer of 1908 he was an instructor at the In- diana University Biological Station at Winona Lake, Indiana. For one year he served as an assistant in embryology at the I. U. School of Medicine where he became a member of the Honorary Scientific Association of Sigma Xi. The many friends of Mr. Hyde know him as an enthusiastic teacher and as an earnest stu- dent. By his own eiforts he has made his way through the College and University. It is with pleasure that his friends see him take a position in the faculty of the school with which he has been so long connected: ttThe Revelations of the Devout and Learnid Who rose before us, and as Phophets burnid, Are all but Stories, which, awoke from Sleep They told their comrades, .and to Sleep re- turnidy -0mar Khayyam. THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Training School , Some changes have been made in the corps of teachers in the training school. since last June. Mr. J. O. Engleman has resigned the principalship in order to accept a position in the faculty of the state normal school at La Crosse, Wisconsin, and his successor is Mr. Guy C. Hanna. Mr. Hanna has done a great deal of GUY C. HANNA public school work, having been, in turn, dis- trict, graded and high school teacher, and city superintendent. He is a graduate of the Col- lege Course at I. S. N. For the past two years he has been head of the department of peda- gogy at Marion Normal School. This experi- ence has prepared Mr. Hanna well for his duties in the'Indiana State Normal Training School. Miss Alma McCrum has had charge df grades three and four since last J une. Miss McCrum graduated from the Huntingten High School. She is also a graduate of I. S. N. in the class of t08, and has done more than a year,s work MISS ALMA McCRUM at Indiana University. She has taught two years in Indianapolis. Her friends believe that her scholarship, her experience in teaching, and her splendid persbnality qualify her well for the work she is doing, and they heartily wel- come her back to the school in Which she has spent so much time as a student. I ttThe Moving Finger writes; and, having writ, Moves 011: nor all your Piety nor Wit Shall lure it back to cancel half a Line, Nor all your tears wash out a Word of it. eOmar Khayyam. 22 THE NORMAL ADVANCE E. B. MILAM. At Eloise, Florida, on J une 4th, occurred the death of E. B. Milam. Mr. Milam graduated from the Indiana State Normal in the class of 1872 with President Parsons and Vice Presi- dent Sandison. He has been identified with public school worli all of his life. From 1876 to 1878 he was county superintendent of Knox County. Later, he moved to Florida where he taught until his death, which occurred in his sixty-first year. Throughout the years he has been loyal to his state and to I. S. N. 91 have fought a good fight, I have finished the course, I have kept the faith? such men may say these words with the Apostle Paul. WILLIAM BRYCE On Sept. 17th occurred the death of William Bryce, our itBillf, at the Deaconess Hospital in Indianapolis. His death was the result of an at- tack of typhoid fever, which is thought to have been contracted at Sparta, Wis., where he was called to do field practice as a member 0f Com- pany A, field artillery. tiBilPi graduated from the Normal with the class of i08, and from the Indianapolis Law School in ,09. He had contracted to assume the principalship of a school in Oklahoma, and it was his intention to set up in the prac- tice of law there at the end of his term of school, but grim death has stepped in and cut short his promising career. During the time he was a student here, he was prominent in athletics, especially track and basketball. He was a member of the Forum Literary Sbciety, and was one of NormaPS best public speakers. The whole student body and faculty knew and loved him, and his death came as a sad blow to all. In Memory of GOLDIA MILDRED GRESSMIRE, Who died August 29, 1909. .Thy gentle voice is hushed, Thy warm true heart is still, And on thy young and iniocent brow Is resting deathis cold chill. Thy hands are clasped upon thy breast; We have kissed thy lovely brow, And in our aching hearts we know We have no Mildred now. -From her Pi Zeta Sisters. 9L0 ! some we loved, the lovliest and the best That Time and Fate of all their vintage prest, Have drunk their cup a round 6r two before, And one by one crept silently to Rest? -0mar Khayyam THE NORMAL ADVANCE 23 ATHLETICS THE NEWiPARSONS FIELD The old rolling mill site, bounded on the north by the Big Four railroad, 0n the west by First street, on the south by the Vandalia' railroads and on the east by Second street, is undergoing rapid transformation into our new Parsons Field. The rough grading has been completed and Professors Kelso, Higgins and Baxter of the Department of Mathematics, as- sisted by members of the trigonometry class spent Friday and Saturday, October 15-16, surveying the grounds, setting the grade stakes and preparing data for the contractors. The job of completing the grounds will be let at once and we may expect to see the field com- pleted this fall. The field is of regulation size, Within easy access of the Normal school grounds, and when completed will give a new life to athletics at I. S. N. FOOTBALL Owing to the fact that the Board of Trustees has sold Parsons Field and purchased another athletic field closer to the school, it looks as if football will be one of the future sports at I. S. N. With this in mind the students thought that it would be well for them to begin football this season and thus have something to work from next year. At the present the prospects for a good team this year are very promising. Manager John- son has secured Dr. McCarthy, a former I. U. player, to coach the team this year. iiDocli is a hard worker and is doing all in his power to develop a team that will make a fair show- ing on the gridiron. Owing to the small num- ber of men to pick from and many of them without experience, this is no easy task, but with such men as Bash, Whitaker, Sink, Hunter, Wood, Nugent, Bowles, Sharpe, Un- verferth, Clayton, Martin and Powers, it seems as if there will be something doing yet. The Athletic association has been at a great expense this year in securing a coach, and it deserves the support of every student. ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION The Athletic Association held its annual election Saturday morning, Oct. 9, and elected the following officers for the ensuing year: President, Wm. Bass; Bowles; treasurer, Elmer Row; secretary, Pauline Edington; football manager, Guy J ohnson. At a recent meeting of the Athletic board, Mr. M. B. Nugent was appointed cus- todian. iiThe Worldly Hope men set their Hearts upon Turns asheswr it prospers; and anon, . Like Snow upon the Desertls dusty Face, 0 Lighting 2. little hour or twoeis gone? -0mar Khayyam. vice-president, Adami 24 THEmNURMALaADVANCEu Y. M. and m. C. A. ' 'Y.WKOdL The Young Womenis Christian Association organized fOr the yeafs work with the follow- ing oflicers: President, Etta Walter; vice-presi- dent, Mae Brooking; treasurer, Chloe Hough- ton; secretary, Pheobe Garman; Bible study chairman; Bertha Dedson; mission study, home; Louise Murphy; foreign, Nelle 'Haberstich; finance, Blanchi Rinehart; membership, Mae Brooking; social, Minnie Parsons; intercollegi- ate, Iris Fish; corresponding secretary, Amelia Peters; religious meetings, Margaret Hardie; calling, Lenore BurnamS ' , The following programs have been arranged: SUNDAY, 3 :00 P. M. October 24:. . . L .................. Rev. Hixon October 31 ........................ Mrs. Moir TUESDAY3615645 October 19. St. Paul ............. Miss Bader October 26. St. Augustine ..... Miss ParsOns November 2. St. Peter ...... '. .Miss Brooking November 9. Worldis Week of Prayer. November 16. St. Benedict. . . .Miss Rinehart November 23; Praise Service, Miss Haberstich November 30.1 St. Francis ....... Miss Peters. December 7. The Saint of Saints, Miss Hardie Bible classes have been organized in the var- ious churches of the city, some of which have faculty members as leaders. But one class has been organized which meets during the week, and that is taught by Miss Bertha Dodson on Thursday evening of each week. . Mrs. Bloomer teaches a mission class on Wednesday evening. The term reception given by the Y. W. C. A. and Y. M. C. A. the first Friday evening of the term was well attended. Miss Mary Kerr of Indianapolis, who will represent the Y. W. C. A. of Indiana in J apan, visited the association Oct. 9th and 10th. She was accompanied by Miss Melcher, the state secretary. A reception was given at the associ- ation hoiise Saturday evening, Oct. 9, in honor of Miss Kerr, who will sail Nov. 3 to take charge of her work across the Pacific. Saturday evening, Oct. 3,. the girls attthe Associationhouse gave a masquerade party for their friends. The evening was spent in pop- ping corn and toasting marshmallows. Every- body enjoyed a fine time. Miss Mable Lovett, who was general secre- tary here last year, is spending the winter at her home at South Milford, Indiana. ' iThe Association girls are looking forward With pleasure to first of November, when dele- gates from all the colleges in the state will meet here for the annual state convention. Y.M.0.A. The Y. M. C. A. began its work this fall un- der many difficulties, the greatest of which was the replacing of so many vacancies in the Cabinet. This was due to the fact that a large number of last years Cabinet did not return to school. These positions are all filled now, and every man seems to be starting into the work with a zeal and enthusiasm that counts. The Association personally inspected each room for boys at the beginning of .the term be- fore recommending it to any one. A number of men have been aided in finding places in which they could partly work their way. The book exchange did quite an extensive business. The $22.50 balance, which was due on the hand book has been settled and a missionary de- partment has been introduced. Three or more Bible Study classes Will be given, the number depending upon the num- ber of men in school who care to take up the work. Mr. Baxter will give a course in ttThe Social Significance in the Teachings of Christ? at 9:30 a. m., Sunday, at Centenary church. . .., THE NORMAL-ADVANCE -' . Any man is eligible. Waldo F . Mitchell Will have charge of the class in tiOld Testament Characters, Sunday, -9 a. m. at the Central Christian church. W. H. Cain will have charge of a class in ttThe Teachings in the Life of Christ, ,1 Friday, 4 :10 p. m. in the Assocmtion room. The regular meetihgs are held each Tuesday afternoon in the Association room. It is the purpose of the Association to make these meet- ings very practical so as to meet the needs of the every- day life of the young men. Attend all meetings if possible, and enjoy the religious atmosphere of some good college men. The Cabinet voted to send its full quota of- men to the N ational Missionary convention to be held at Rochester, N. Y., December 28 to J anuary 2. It is also expected that some men Will be sent to the state convention tolbe held at Kokomo, Indiana, November 18 to 21. It is sincerely hoped that every man in school Who is interested in raising the physical in- tellectual, moral, and spiritual standard of the 25 college man may join the Association and help to make this year a year to be remembered on account of the good done. The joint reception which is given each fall ' by the Y. W. C. A. and Y. M. C. A; for the new students, was given Friday night, October 8 in the Association room. ' The Cabinet at present consists of: General Secretary. . . . . . . . . . . .Wm. H. Cain President W T. Barbre Vice President. . . .1 ........ LW. F. Mitchell Recording secretary ............... Lee Troth Corresponding Secretary ....... H. Milholland Treasurer . . . f ................... J esse Wood Chairmen 0f Committeese . . Religions Meetings . . . .' : ....... O. G. Lidikay Bible Study .................... L. McCloud Employment ...................... M. Davis Social ....................... W. O. Winkler Membership . . . . . , ............ E. Unverferth Missionary . ............... I. . . .B. F . Stalcup a THE CLASSES SENIORS From the enthusiasm and spirit of loyalty shown this fall, the Senior Class promises to be one of the best that has ever bossed freshmen at I. S. N. It is the unanimous . vote of the class that there be no dissentions this year. To the call for a meeting to elect ofiicers, about fifty responded. The meeting was held October 14. It was called to order by Mr. B. 0. Wells. Mr. Guy Johnson was un- animously chosen as temporary chairman. The oflicers elected are as follows: President ................... Mr. B. 0. Wells Vice President .......... Mr. H. C. Milholland Secretary .............. Miss Lenore Burnam Treasurer .............. Mr. Butler Laughlin Oratorical representative. . .MI'. Wm. H. Cain Class editor ............ Miss Chloe Houghton Class artist ................ Miss Lizzie J oslin Athletic captain .......... Mr. W. F . Mitchell The president appointed Mr. W. O. Winkler chairman of the committee to make a program for the meeting held Friday, October 15. The president was also given power to appoint an entertainment committee. The following program was rendered Friday evening, October 15: Speech of Introduction ..... Mr. Guy Johnson Response . .................. Mr. B. 0. Wells Music ...................... Miss Haberstich Reading ....................... Mr. Winkler Duet ........... Messrs. Mitchell and Lidikay The president then appointed the entertain- ment committee for the term with Mr. Winkler as chairman. A program committee was ap- 26 THE NORMAL ADVANCE pointed to arrange a program for the next regular meeting to be held October 28. THE JUNIOR CLASS The Juniors held their meeting of organiza- tion Friday afternoon, October 15. The follow- ing oEicers and representatives were elected: President, Mr. Bass; vice-president, Mr. Sink; treasurer, Mr. Troth; secretary, Vergie J en- kins; class editor, Grace Colglazier; class artist, Etta Eberhart; athletic captain, Adam Bow1es; and oratorical representative, Miss Ratcliff. The Iirsti social class meeting will be held Friday evening, October 22. The program committee consists of Miss Colglazier, Mr. Summers, and Mr. Schopmeyer; and Miss Rat- cliff and Mr. Bowles constitute the social coms mittee. SOPHMORE The first meeting of the Sophmore Class of the fall term, was held in Room 17, Octo- ber 14. The meeting was called to order by Mr. Byrne, who acted as chairman until the election of a class president for the term. Mr. R. L. Hunter was chosen for this position and took the chair at once. The meeting proceeded to choose the other class oiiicers. They are as follows: Vice President .............. Mr. Basil Byrne Secretary ......... Miss Elizabeth Standiford Treasurer ............... Miss Belle A. Smith Class Editor ................ Mr. Clyde Shaw Class representative on the Board of Control of the Normal Advance, Mr. Wm. C. Unverferth Athletic Manager .......... Mr. Inmann Bird The selection of class artist was postponed until the first regular meeting. After the presi- dent had appointed a number of necessary com- mittees, the meeting adjourned until arrange- ments can be made for a regular time of meet- ing. . t It is believed that the class has made a very wise selectioh of officers, for they have the con- fidence of everyone. Class spirit ran high and was an encouraging element in the gathering, if it did prove to be a discomfort to a stray upper classman who wandered into the midst of the fun. COLLEGE 00 URSE The students of the College Course met Thursday, October 7, in Room 20. The follow- ing officers were elected: President, Mr. Bar- bre; vice-president, Pauline Edington; treas- urer, Cleone Stubbs; secretary, Ruth King; his- torian, Helen Ross; artist, Marie Budd. A committee consisting of Mr. Kibby and the Misses Wright and Connor was appointed to arrange programs for the term. Oratory and Debating ORATORIOAL AND DEBATING LEAGUE The Oratorical and Debating League will begin its work within a few days. The various literary societies and classes have been busy with re-organization, and now, that the or- ganization of the societies is about completed, and the representatives to the League elected, the League is ready to begin. Owing to the interest manifested last year, and encouraged by the great success in the in- ter-state work during the first year of the League, we feel confident of a very successful year. The inter-state work as instituted by Prof. Lardner will be continued under the direction of Prof. Bacon and another double victory is expected. The president, through correspondence with a member of the Normal Illinois League, is as- THE NORMAL ADVANCE sured that a great battle is on for the honors of the coming contest. Let us assure our Illi- nois friends that Indianals ttbestll will be in readiness when the hour arrives. Definite plans for the years work will be arranged at an early meeting of the League, in the meantime let all interested in oratory and debating be putting forth their best eiforts to increase the interest among the student body at large. ALETHENAI Seven old members of the Alethenai assem-- bled for the lirst meeting of this year. The work for the fall term Will be varied, a part of the time being given to debating and the rest to the study of modern writers and cur- rent questions. OIOERONIAN The Ciceronian Debating Society is begin- ning its work for the year with the brightest of prospects. At the first meeting of the term eight members were present to organize the work for the year. A greater enthusiasm than exists this fall has rarely been shown by the members of the society. This enthusiasm is due in great part to the outing the boys had a few weeks ago. Every year the boys who are mem- bers of this society spend from a week to ten days camping on White river in Knox county. This year the outing was especially successful and all who attended say that they received new inspiration and new zeal from the close fellowship there. Saturday was guest day. Friends came from far and near to the number of about two hundred. Of course, these friends are always welcome at camp, but the fact that all brought well- filled baskets made them none the less so. The base of supplies was Edwardsport, Indi- ana. From there our camp outfit was hauled. Our tents were pitched in a maple grove on the river bank, about three miles south of Sanborn. By evening everything was in readiness. Here, 27 then, the next full week was spent in genuine fun. Those enjoying the camp life were Cain, Haigerty, Reeve, Winkler, Schorling, Stirwalt and Unverferth. The society now has eleven men. They are Cain, Haigerty, Winkler, ROW, Howick, VVhit- aker, Shewman, Unverferth, Shaw, Welborn, and Schleicher. It is the intention of each man to do his best to improve his own faculties in the line of work for which a debating society stands. Each man has resolved to take an ac- tive and conscientious part in every line of school work. To the associate members who may read the ADVANCE, we wish to say that we are hammer- ing away along the old lines, and that we shall obtain results this year. We also want them to feel interested in us. We want them to know that a hearty welcome awaits them at any time they may be able to visit us. DAEDALIAN The Daedalian Literary Society has entered upon the threshold of the yearls work with en- thusiasm and there is promise of very bene- Iicial work being accomplished. Only five mem- bers of last year are now in school. These are W. L. Bass, H. Thompson, W. F. Mitchell, H. C. Milholland, and J . Moreland. B. 0. Wells, Otto Christy, G. Summers, Wm. Tennell, O. G. Lidikay, and Geo. Myers have recently been elected to active membership, so that the society now has a good working number. The officers for the fall term are: H. C. Milholland, presi- dent; W. L. Bass, Vice-president; W. F. Mitchell, secretary; O. G. Lidikay, treasurer; J ohn Moreland7 chaplain, and B. 0. Wells, parliamentarian. In the meetings so far the programs have been largely literary in nature. Debating will be made a prominent feature of the work in the future. THE FORUM The opening of the year found the F orum with seven active members and one graduate 28 THE NORMAL ADVANCE K.- member. The programs have been purely liter- ary so far, as much time has been taken in re- organizing. A heavy line of work has been mapped out, however, in the different fields covered. The active members at this time are Messrs. Wood, Laughlin, Volker, Troth, Johnson, Cromwell, Henry, Kibby, Davis, Stalcup and J ared, and one graduate member, OiNeal. The society has planned several social func- tions for the term which will broaden and en- - rich the work. THE GERMAN CLUB The German Club of Indiana State Normal school met October 6, 1909, in the ASSociation room to re-organize. The following officers were elected: President, Laura Ellis; vice- president, Henrietta Way; secretary and treas- urer, Helen Frob; editor, Adele M. F ruechte. The program committee for the first week con- sisted of Henrietta Way and Thersa Parker. There being no further business the rest of the time was spent in singing German songs. The work of the term is to consist of bio- graphies, recitations, songs, and talks by the German instructors. . During the past year the meetings were held ' each Wednesday afternoon from 3:30 to 4:30. Professor Mutterer gave lectures on the man- ners, customs, and geography of Germany, which interested every German student. When he was not present the history of Germany was studied. The last Wednesday of every month a Koffie-klatsch was held to which all German students and the professors and their wives, who were interested in German, were invited. PHILOMATHEON Although only five members of this society returned to school this fall the work is pro-. gressing well. This term the society will study the life and works of Rudyard Kipling. The work this term promises to be very interesting and profitable if the enthusiasm now prevailing grows. The new members already taken into the club this term are Amelia Peters, Pearl Mason, Ruth Siner, and Edith M. Bader. SOCIETY ' WOMAZV$y LEAGUE During last year the Womanls League was reorganized and a new constitution adopted; Certain features of future policy were em- phasized in this reorganization and new con- stitution. For instance, greater emphasis is laid on enlisting the interest and active mem- bership of every woman student attending the school, particularly those who may not be af- filiated with any of the sections which have existed for many years. Too, the League, as re- organized, solicits the active co-operation and interest of women of the faculty and wives of the men of the faculty. In general the organi- zation is purely social in its purpose, but hopes through its activities tito strengthen the spirit of unity and sense of responsibility among the women students, and to be a medium by which the social standard of the school shall be made and kept highy Under the new plan the Sections that form- erly existed reorganized as. chapters of the Womanis League.- Encouragement is given to the formation of new chapters when such for- mation is approved by a committee consisting of the president and vice- president of the League and the Dean of Women. The League is divided in its activities by an executive committee consisting of one repre- sentative from each chapter, and five repre- sentatives of women students not members of chapters, and the officers of the League; and an advisory board made up of faculty women and wives. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 29. In addition to social activities, the League hopes to undertake other lines of work. While it has not been definately determined just what this work shall be, the following have been suggested for consideration of the executive . committee in the near future: 1. To accumulate money as a nucleus for a building fund for a Studentst Building. It is hoped that before many years the students attending the Normal School may have access to such a building for all their organizations and for social purposes. 2. To raise money for the use of a room' at one of the hospitals, which shall be acces- sible to our students. 3. To provide a fund for lectures, etc., which shall be of special interest to our women students. I 4. To establish a'loun fund for women stu- dents. The enthusiasm and response with which the League has been received this fall promises much for the work of this organization this coming year. ' Since Miss Beatrice McClain, who was elect- ed president of the League for this year, is not in school, a new president, Miss Blanche Elliot, was elected at the first meeting of the executive committee. As the new president is a member of the Alpha Chapter, the Vice-president, Miss Anne Price, who is also an Alpha, resigned and Miss Bertha Bickhart was elected vice-presi- dent. With Miss Elliot as president, the League hopes to make this year one of the most successful in its history. At a second meeting the executive committee decided to engage Miss J ohanna Rossberg- Leipnitz, an active worker in an organization similar to our Womanis League, from the Uni- versity of Wisconsih, to talk to the girls at a reception to be given October 22. The League will give a Hallowe,en party on Saturday, Oct. 30. The members of the League who are not members of chapters held their first meeting Oct. 13, and elected Miss Chloe Siner, Miss Ruth King, Miss Coradel Wade, Miss Bertha Roll, and Mrs. Ethel Wells as their representa-e tives 0n the executive committee. ALPH A There being fourteen Alphas in school last summer term, many pleasant meetings were en- joyed. At the beginning of the term there was a picnic at Forest Park in honor of Miss Swi- hartis birthday. Later a Varieties party was given, after which refreshments were served at the Rose. A picnic supper was enjoyed at Col- lett Park about the middle of the term and near the end Miss Myrtle Landerholm had a euchre party for the girls at her home. Sum- mer refreshments were served and an enjoyable evening was spent. . There was an evening party at the home of Miss Edna Regan Friday, Oct 1. A buifet luncheon was served. The guests were the Misses Bernice Bowlby, Lucy Woody, Lucy Belle Settle, Mildred Stults, and Hazel Kelley. Miss .Ethel Hughes entertained the Chapter with a chafing dish party Wednesday, Oct. 6. F riday, Oct. 8 dinner was served at the Fil- beck. Covers were laid for twenty. The decor- ations were yellow Chrysanthemums. The old members in school this term are Ethel Hughes, Blanche Elliot, Arpy Curry, Anne Price, Katherine McBride, Ruby Weills, Sim- mone Crise, Helen Wright, J oy Muchmore, Myrtle Landerholm, and Alma McCrum. The new members are Hazel Kelley, Lucy Belle Set- tle, Lucy Woody, Bernice Bowlby, and Mildred Stults. ATHLETA On Monday evening, October 11, the Athletas were hostesses for a 6 otclock luncheon at the home of Miss Marie Rucker, 1348 Ohio Street. A five course luncheon was served, after which the evening was spent in- having a social time. The members present were: The Misses Elizabeth Kadel, J essie Andrew, Edna Fischer, Cleone Stubbs, Edith Brunker, Edith Samuels, Estelle Doerschuk, Marie Rucker, 30 Cecil Vinson, Ida Irminger, Flora Saupert, Grace Vinson, and Mae Bowsher. The guests were the Misses Marie Budd, Rae Goldman, Bessie Stever, Anita Duenweg, Hazel Holden, Grace Nantz, Hazel Cohoons, Pearl Kuhns, Lois Ruttledge, Letitia F enee, Helen Price, Nannie Pell, and Ada Welte. K A PPA On Wednesday, October 6, the Misses Mar- garet Wallace and Chloe Houghton entertained the Kappas and guests delightfully at a 6 otclock dinner. The rooms were beautifully decorated with the Kappa colors. The faVors were red carnations. Later in the evening a theater party enjoyed ttMary JaneTs Pah at the Grand. Those present were the Misses Jenkins, Beckes, Scott, Kitchell, Kirchoff, Hartly, Kelsey, Butler, OtConnor, and hos- tesses. t On Friday, October 8, the Misses Blanche Beckes and Glen Scott entertained the ,Kappas at a fudge party. The guests spent a very dee lightful evening. The new members of the Kappa section are as follows: The Misses Myrtle Kitchell, Mary J enkins, Glen Scott, and Blanche Beckes. LE OEYGJAS The Le Ceygjas held their meeting for re- organization for the fall term of 1909 Thurs- day afternoon, Sixth street. Miss Phoebe Garman was elected leader, Vergie Jenkins, treasurer, and Maude Ringo, secretary. The members who returned are TEtta Walter, Phoebe Garman, Etta Eber- hart, Vergie Jenkins, Grace Colglazier, Lulu Strickler, Maude Ringo. , The Le Ceygj as entertained thier girl friends at an afternoon tea, on October 9, at 414 North Sixth street. During the afternoon the girls had their palms read by the fortune teller and fished from a great fish-bowl in one corner of the room. . The parlors were artistically decorated with THE NORMAL ADVANCE W September 29, at 414: North autumn leaves and golden rod. The idea of autumn was also carried out in the refresh- l ments. . The guests were: The Misses Amelia Peters, Genevive Engibus, Hilma Gustafson, Ada Car- . penter, Cora Anderson, Liby Olson, Barbara VVagle, Emma Engling, Louise Murphy, Flor- ' ence Speaker, Florence Peck, Veronica Feuere stein, Revell Worley, Mary McIntosh, Lee Ada ' McCready, Willa Cline, Ora Voyles, Cecilia Black, Iris Fish and Emma Coffin. LLAMARADA The Llamarda reunion for J une, 909, was one T of the most delightful the section has had. A dinner party was given at the Llamarada . House. The rooms were beautifully decorated with a profusion of fiowers, among them a large number of American Beauties, all gifts to girls in the graduating class. delicious three course dinner was served. The girls Spent the afternoon in talking over old times, singing college songs, and taking snap- shots. The honor guests were: Maybelle Car- . ter, Nelle Lamb, Lenna Admire, Elsie Coss, J anette Lamb, and Golda Nance. The others present were: Mae Lamb, Anna Paul, Fern Col- glazier, Louise Pickett, Haziel Woolen, Eunice Asbury, Nellie Paul, Margaret Lahny, Lita Caughlin, Lora Love, Orrelle Fidlar, Lena Wilson, Orpha Cole, Katherine Lenard, Bertha Bickhart, Alice Reem, and Florence Carithers. Regrets were received from Adda Allen, Mar- guerite Swengel, Pearl Jolly, and Marguerite Moudy. At the opening of the summer term, J uly 5, a picnic was given. The weather was very dis- agreeable, so that the picnic had to be held in- doors. The parlor of the Association House was used. The affair was quite a success. Those present were Misses Lenard, Wilson, Fidlar, Love, Stibbins, Lotta and Mary Day, Burnam, and Reem, Messrs. Clippinger, Hyde, Youngblood, Montgomery, Fuqua, Cornelius, and Wright. Miss Orrelle Fidlar entertained the section At noon a : THE NORMAL ADVANCE 31 with a very charming evening party. The large porch was artistically decorated and was illuminated with J apanese lanterns. Miss Lenna Admire, who had just returned from an auto tour through Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana, entertained the girls with an account of her trip. Later the guests proceeded into the din- ing room, which was decorated with plumosa, garden flowers, and hooded lights. Cream fruit, cake, and punch were served. Under each girlls plate was a question to be answered or a topic to be discussed. These were the cause of much merriment. Those present were Edith Gray, Lena Wilson, Eunice Asbury, Lenna Ad- mire, Adda Allen, Katherine Lenard, Lotta and Mary Day, Orpha Cole, Louise Pickett, Lucille Stibbins, and Margaret Lahey. During the summer term Miss Erickson spent one afternoon with the girls and gave them quite a helpful little talk in the way of plans and suggestions for the coming year. Afterwards cakes, salted nuts, and ices were served. During the summer the following weddings occurred: Miss Essie Dinius to Mr. Geo. Van Hoesen, Miss Pearl Jolly to Dr. Van Cleave, and Miss Francis Snyder to Mr. Montgomery. The girls have re-rented the house at 512 North Seventh. Those living there at present are Minnie Parsons, Lucille Stibbins, Grace Burba, Bertha Bickhart, Anna Forbes, and Lenore Burnam, Who is leader. The other ac- tive members of the chapter are, Matilda Mar- kle, Orpha Cole, Mrs. Montgomery, Haziel Woolen, Golda Nance, Margaret Lahey, Louise Pickett, Lita Caughlin, Lora Love, Alice Reem, Grace Nance, and Portia Fuqua of Casey, Ill. On Tuesday, Oct. 5, the section gave a spread at the house. Those present were Portia Fuqua, Lillian Coe, Miss Engibess, Miss Carpenter, Grace Nance, Louise Pickett, Lora Love, Golda Nance, F rancis Montgomery, Orpha Cole, Min- nie Parsons, Matilda Markle, Bertha Bickhart, Haziel Woolen, Margaret Lahey, Grace Burba, Anna Forbes, Lucille Stibbins, and Lenore Bur- nam. Miss Fuqua spent Sunday at the House. Plans are being made for some good times and for initiation, which takes place soon. MYOSOTIS The Myosotis girls gave a ttSpikingl, party at the home of Nellie Waller Saturday evening, October 8. The following Myosotis girls returned: Ada Tichenor, Minna Wissing, Bertha Dodson, Nelle Clark, N ellie Waller, Norma Failing, Lanora Rollings, and Annalee Shortridge COED . The new members are: Mary McBeth, Cecil Black, and Helen Sales. MU ZETA With the opening of the fall term the Mu Zeta section reorganized with the prospect of one of the most successful years in its history. - Eight old members are back in school, Nellie Haberstich, Helen Froeb, Emma Dwight, Helen Margaret Connor, Henrietta Way, J essie Sigler, Katherine Kester and Miss Laura Min- turn. A number of members who are residents of the city will also be active, among them Miss B. Pearl Ellis, who is a member of the faculty of the Terre Haute Conservatory of Music; Miss Edna Schmidt, a student at the Conserva- tory; Miss Emma Abbott, Miss Mabel Goss- man and Miss Minnie Hoberg. At a business meeting Tuesday, Oct. 5, the following ap- pointments were made: Leader, Nelle Haber- stich; secretary-treasurer, Helen Froeb; editor, Helen Margaret Connor. F riday afternoon, Oct. 1, the Mu Zetas en- tertained a number of guests with a marsh- mallow toast at the home of Miss Katherine Kester on South Seventh street. The guests were Misses Rae Goldman, Marie Budd, Hazel Holden, Freda Meyer, Vivian Volkers, Helen Smick and Pearl Anderson. In the evening the section attended the Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. reception. . The Mu Zetas gave a spread Friday evening, Oct. 8, at the apartments of Miss Laura Min- turn on North Seventh street, having as guests 32 ' Rae Goldman, Hazel Holden, Helen Smick, Freda Meyer, Olive Brown,Marie Budd, Vivian Volkers, Vera Runyan and Mary Radcliff. The section members present were Nelle Haber- stich, Henrietta Way, Helen F roeb, Katherine Kester, Helen Margaret Connor, Jessie Sigler, Emma Dwight, Mabel Gossman, Edna Schmidt, Emma Abbott, Minnie Hoberg, and Anita J aenisch. PI ZETA The Pi Zeta Sororiety is well represented at I. S. N. this term, eight 01d members having returned for this new year. With such a good beginning the sororiety expects to see this the brightest and best year it has ever known. The Pi Zeta girls entertained at the Mansion House F riday evening, October 8. The parlors 4 were beautifully decorated with the sororiety colors, blue and yellow. The evening was spent in games7 contests and music. Prizes were won by The Misses Budd, Casto and Meyer. At 8 oTclock a delightful ttspreadh was laid and the tteatsh enjoyed by thirteen hungry lassies. THE NORMAL ADVANCE E x' Favors were small Pi Zeta pennants. The guests were the Misses Casto, Meyer, Budd, Streever, Goldman, Price and EngiJms. Mem- 7 bers of the sororiety present were the Misses , Broadhurst, Cole, Black, Carr, Brooking and i Edington. i ZETA ZETA They Zeta Zeta sorority held its first regular meeting of the term Saturday afternoon at the home of Miss Hattie Stirwalt, 1000 South Sev- enteenth Street. During the afternoon music and a literary contest were enjoyed, after which refresh- ments were served. The following young ladies were initiated and taken in as members of the sorority: Misses Katherine Rogers, Bessie Spradling, Willie Cline and Laura Ellis. Those present were the Misses Mathilda Tormohlen, Mary Rogers, Besse Spradling, Hattie Stirwalt, Kel- sey Allen, Katharine Rogers, Rena' Stirwalt, Willie Cline, Laura Ellis and Anna Piepen- brink. LOCAL and ALUMNI Guy Speakers, Junior, has charge of the mathematics in the Sullivan High school. Edward Byers, 09, is principal of the High School in Fayetteville, Ark. Halcie Fair, t09, is teaching in the grades at Connersville. Loris Julian, t09, is superintendent of the Kempton schools. Hazel Shortridge, t09, is teaching mathe- matics in the J asonville High School. Susie J aques, t09, is principal of Kempton High School. George Benham, 09, has a position in the High School at Clay City, Ind. I. S. N. has a representative in F ort Scott, Kansas. Oscar Farris, t09, is head of the his- tory department in the high school of that place. ' Herman Whitsett, t08, is teaching manual training in Chicago. H. W. A. Hemmer is principal of Cass Town- ship High School at Holland, Indiana. Sarah Adelaide Flemming, 09, is head of the department of modern languages in the Uni- versity of Vincennes. Hubert Fischer, 08, is in Los Angeles, Cal., teaching manual training. Marion Sammis, C. C. T09, has charge of the Latin in the Occidential College, Los Angeles, Cal. Orelle Fidlar, 07, C. C. ,09, is teaching music and drawing in Brazil. Claud Breckner, t08, is doing work in the Michigan University. E. D. Long, C. C; tOS, spring assistant in methods this year, is head of the Latin de- THE NORMAL ADVANCE partment in the Wisconsin State Normal, La Crosse. James R. Everett, 509, is principal of the Avon High School. , Raleigh Schorling and Ernest Stirwalt, i09, will be found in the University of Michigan this year. Harry E. Davis, ,09, is principal of the Clay- ton schools. Anna Paul, :09, is teaching in the grades at Indianapolis. T. T. Martin, 709, is superintendent of the schools at North Salem, Ind. J ohn B. Thompson, i09, is superintendent of the Clayton High School. Herschel Rynerson is the supervising prin- cipal of the grades at Danville, Ill. W. E. Eddington, i08, C. C. ,09, is at Brazil teaching mathematics. We remember Mr. Ed- dington as our accommodating editor-in-chief of the past two years. He is in charge of the high school paper published by the students of that school. Leroy J ames, J unior, is principal of the New Trenton High School. Edward E. Hylton, ,09, is teaching mathe- matics in the Wiley High School. Guy Stantz, Junior, has the manual train- ing work in the Salem High School. A. O. DeWesse, Junior, is principal of the High School at New Salisbury, Indiana. Howard Byrne, Senior, is principal of the Elizabeth Township High School, Harrison County. Mr. Everetts, 109, was With us October 16 and 17. Mr. Everetts is principal of the Avon High School. Mr. Howard McGinley, 06, who was teach- ing at McDermitt, Nevada, last winter, is now at Kodiak, Alaska. J . W. Figg is superintendent of Hendricks county. Mr. Claude OiNeal spent October 15 to 18 at 33 Amo with his parents. While at home Mr. O,Neal cellected specimens for his zoology work in the training school. Charles Hertenstein, 108, is superintendent of the Arno schools. Mr. H. Blue, who is teaching mathematics in the Goshen schools, visited I. S. N. friends October 10. Miss Mae Bowsher is back in school this term after teaching last year. Miss Margarette Moore of Pimento was call- ing on I. S. N . friends October 9. Mr. Winfield Fox, i09, laboratory assistant 308 and 09, was calling on friends October 16 and 17.1 Mr. Fox is teaching in the biology de- partment at Little Orleans. Mr. P. M. Watson, 09, 0f Pimento, made a short visit and renewed acquaintances Octo- ber 10. Mr. Rupert F ield, who is teaching at Lewis, was calling on friends at I. S. N. October 10. There are seventy-two students in the Col- lege course, seventeen men and fifty-five women being enrolled. In the Normal course there are four hundred sixty students. There are one hundred men and three hundred sixty women. Mr. Harry Davis, 109, who is teaching in the Clayton High school, greeted old fhiends at I. S. N. October 18 and 19. Miss J uanita McClain of Prairie'Creek, was a Visitor October 9. Miss Marguerite Monday have returned to her home in California. Mr. Todd Huffman, who is teaching at Elizabethtown, spent October 9 to 11 renewing acquaintances at I. S. N. Mr. J ohn Baumunk of Brazil spent October 9 and 10 With I. S. N. friends. Mr. H. T. Martin, 108, is principal of the high school at Versailles. Mr. Thomas J . Kirby, who was superinten- dent at Scottsburg last winter, is now attending Columbia University. 34 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Cold Storage . T HE Pl T Y OF I T - ing a pole to encounter another gentleman , The melancholy days are here gleefully sliding downeNew Y ork World. When sad we grow and weary, -g A-hearing Peary roasting Cook WHAT CIVILIZATION MAY TAKE T0 And Cook parboiling Peary. THE POLE eth'Zadelphia Stow. Pennant winners. Betting on races. Chop suey joints. Police. Salome dance. Fire department. Baseball fans. Undersirable citizens. Magazine poetry. Near-beer. Merry Widow hats. Breakfast food specialists. COLD SLA U GH. Political pulls. Said the Pole t0 the North Star, tth skeery! Hell. This long winter night is so dreary W Nature fakers. Legal Fuel-If Dr. Cookts proposed suit for slander against Commander Peary shall make it necessary for a jury to visit the .spot where the chief action of the controversy did or did not take place, in order that it may get at the cold facts, it Will require more than a Little-ton of Coke and Blackstone to make everyone com- fort able. ccShip Ahoy 137 said the Star, Indiana writers. gcStay right Where you are! m 4tHerets Cook! and great snakes, here comes HISTORY REPEATS Peary W The Chosen People did not reach -Lz'fe. Their goal by following their noses, The pages of the scripture teach Precisely-How happy With either wetd be That they were wisely led by Moses. were the other dear explorer awayeLz'fe. And now the story of the pole In each particular discloses, Somewhat Vexatious-Still, it is calculated That Cook and Peary found the goal- to annoy a gentleman who is laboriously climb- But they were led by Eskimoses. eLife WHILE THE POLAR WAR IS ON ttOmit, if you please, the first verse of the hymn;, said the minister. The congregation looked surprised. 4tIt mentions Greenlandts icy mountains,w ex- plained the minister. ttWe cannot afford to in- troduce into this peaceful gathering any subject likely to lead to acrimonious debateeLitemry Digest. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 35 hSome for the Glories of this World; and some Sigh for the PhopheUS Para dise to come; Ah, take the Cash, and let the Credit g0, Nor heed the rumble of a distant Drum! THE eOmarr Ifkayyam. o . Moore-Langen Printing Co. BELL PHONE 4 CITIZENS PHONE 23 B1 Elgntei'abginie an 00 anu acturers t PUBLISHERS Temple Laundry Co. No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE. IND. HOME OF Both Phones 64 Q UAL ITY IT COSTS NO MORE TO GET THE BEST JESSE WOOD, Agent Roman; Bow 3x ORE Corner of Sixth and Cherry Sts. We have everything in the books you needtSchool Pennants. School Pins. Guaranteed Fountain Pens. Bibles. Stationery and many other things you need-everything right. We are ON THE CORNEB-East Side of Sixth and Cherry Streets CRAFTS BOOK STORE No. 672 WABASH AVENUE School Books. Miscellaneous Books, Books for Presents, Cut Glass. Art China, Goocl Box Paper and all other items usually found in book stores 'YOU CAN BUY HERE AS CHEAP AS ANY PLACE IN THE CITY 36 THE NORMAL ADVANCE A. G. SPALDING 86 BHHS. are the Largest The. Manufacturers Spaldlng in the World of Trade-Mark OFFICIAL EQUIPMENT FOR ALL ATI-I LETIC SPORTS AND PASTI M ES . is known throughout cm, interested the world asa IF Y0 m Athletic Sp 0 rltl y o u NJ I ,l mvv u, G ua ra n tee Of mum of flu: Nplildinlg' zg'cilalogur. It's a complrte rncyclopwdia of What's New In Sport mid 1's $171,!wa rm I'mlurwt. A. G. Spalding 6L Bros. I47 Wabash Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. for all Kodaks and Cameras FILMS DEVELOPED FREE Write for particulars. 0. c. DeSELMS, Atuca, Indlana Quality For High-Glass LAUNDRY, CLEANING and DYEING WIIRK G. W. YOUNGBLOOD, Agent Hunter Laundering 8.,Dyeing Bu. Sixth and Cherry Sts. ALL KINDS OF CUT FLOWERS JNO. G. HEINL $n SON Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. ELECTRIC MASSAGE HAND MASSAGE VISIT THE Filbeck Barber Shop and Bath Booms COR. FIFTH and CHERRY STS. LOUIS TUEMLER, Prop. ELECTRIC HAIR DRYER COMPRESSED AIR OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry 6: Dyeing Co. 1 ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 308-3I0 Cherry 81:. Both Phones l84 w. L. BASS, Agent Attention Normal Boys !' The HFERN BARBER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Masaaglng. both electric and hand. Special attention and interest shown the Normal boys. HARRY WILSON. MADISON'S OAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue Headquarters for the best of everything pertaining to the DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City Sole Agency in Terre Haute for Gunthefs Fine Chicago Candies American German Trust Company Normal Students are invited to make their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohio Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. The Orbiel Supply Company carries the LARGEST and MOST COMPLETE STOCK of NORMAL BOOKS and SUPPLIES in the City. Your old books taken in exchange. CUT FLOWERS, PLANTS First Store South of Normal on West Side No. 118 North Sixth Street A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. An Oliver Typewriter - the standard visible writer - the 8100 machine - the most highly perfected typewriter on the market-yours for I 7 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a matter of business history-yours for I 7 cents a day! The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as HThe Balance Shiftll-ttThe Ruling Device --ttThe Double Releaseh-JtThe Locomotive Base - The Automatic Spacer - ttThe Automatic Tabulatorlt - ttThe Disappearing Indicator - ttThe Adjustable Paper Fingers - ttThe Scientific Condensed Keyboardl ,-a11 Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a day. That is the plan in a nutshell. The result has been such a deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority of inquiries has cdme from people of known ftnancial standing who are at- tracted by the novelty of the proposition. An impressive demonstration of the immense popularity of the Oliver Type- writer. A startling confirmation , of our belief that the Era of Universal Typewriting is at hand. TB A Quarter of a Million People are Making Money with OLIVER a Typ'cWI-err The Standard Uzszble Writer The Oliver Ty ewriter is a money-ms enriglt! from the word go ! So easy to run that be '11- nets soon get in the 't :- ert class. Eam as em.h Let the mac; ne payt e 17 seals 0 cy- and all above thnt is yours. Wherever you are. there's work to he d o n e and money to be made b us- ing the Oliver. The net- ness world is 0311111 for Oliver operators. are are not enough to sup ly the demand. Their en ar- iee are considerably above those of many classes of workers. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The simplicity and strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. It is becoming an important factor in the home training of youn people. Our new selling plan puts the close the door of your home or ohice on this remarkable Oliver opportunit Write for further details of our easy oifer and a free copy of the new 0 An educator as well as a money maker. liver on the threshold of every home in America. Will you llver catalog. Address THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. CHICAGO. ILL. Indiana State Normal SchQOl Terre Haute, Indiana Supported by th? State for the Education of Its Public School Teachers TUITION FREE Fifty Members , of Faculty To Residents of Indiana. I Courses in All Subjects Eqmiljted I Adapted to Teacher? Needs. Laboratories I Standard College .or Ad- vanced Course for Teachers Library 0f leading to the A. B. Degree. 33:33:: TRAINING SCHOOL A 5 FOR STUDY AND WINTER TERM PRACTICE OPENS go MONDAY A Typical COuntry School JANUARY . m I City School of Eight Grades . 3 1910 W Four Years High Schaal For Catalogues ind Further lnfomntion apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Torre Hunts , Indiana Tho Moore-Innzen Pts. 00., Tons Hulk Echoteb to the Jntmsts of 1115132 imbiana 5w: jaarmal 5:11qu $ metre 39am, linhiana Ilum: .fittem sachemher, 1909 32mm mum EPPERT 8e SON' Are always to the front with the latest styles of lPHOTOG-RAPHY An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE ---CALL AND SEE---- Cltlzens Phone l4l6 TERRE HAUTE. IND. BIG FOUR PHARMACY 6th and Big Four A Full Line of PIPES, TOBACCOS and SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODt CANDIES, PERFUMES and TOILET ARTICLES h The Store with the Orange Front HE Alumni from the years 1872 to 1900 were made the special feature of the Com- t mencement Numher of THE ADVANCE issued last June. Some of the attractions of d hi- this Number are the Full-page group picture of the Class of 1877. informal letters of greeting and reminiscence from more than thirty Alumni. one or two from each class. among whom are Dr. E. B. Bryan. President of Colgate University; Vice-Preaiclent Sandiaon of I. S. N.: Prof. L. D. Cogman of Eastern Illinois State Normal: and a corrected list of the Alumni with their present location: and occupation. Such men as President Bohannan of the State Normal at Duluth. Minnesota. and prof. Davieaon of the University of Nehraska have voluntarily written letters to the Editor of the Special Alumni Edition commending the hue work it represents. The regular price of THE ADVANCE is: Per Year. , - - - - $1.00 Commencement Numher C152 paged .35 One hundred copies of the Special Edition printed last June were on account of the print- ing hemg Jelayed until the term had closed. left 1:: THE ADVANCE o$ce unsold. . You can secure one of these mtereatmg souvemra of Indxana State Normal School hy send- ing the pnee. or hy auhscnhmg to THE ADVANCE for the echool year at the regular pnce of $1 TH E N O R M A L A D VA N C E. - Adam BOWICB. Circulation Manager THE. NQRMAL ADVANCE UME XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND, NOVEMBER, 1909. NUMBER 2. g fisherman? iBbiIusnpbp t WILL give you four choice rules for the ' attainment of that unhastened quietucle of mind whereof we did lately discourse. HFirst: You shall learn to desire nothing in the world so much but that you can he happy without it. MSecond: You shall seek that Which you cle- sire only by such means as are fair and lawful. and this will leave you Without bitterness towards men or shame before Gocl. uThird: You shall take pleasure in the time While you are seeking, even though you obtain not immediately that Which you seek; for the purpose of a journey is not only to arrive at the goal. hut also to End enjoyment hy the way. thourth: When you attain that Which you have desired. you shall think more of the kindness of your fortune than of the greatness of your skill. This Will make you grateful. anal ready to share With others that Which Proviaence hath hestowecl upon you; and truly this is both reasonable and BroHtahle, for it is hut little that any of us would catch in this world were not our luck better than u. our deserts: -Henry Van Dyke. 38 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Address of Miss Johanna Rossberg-Leipnitz I BLANCHE ELLIOTT, PRES. WOMENIS LEAGUE c It seems that many students of I. S. N. fail to understand the relation which the organi- zation known as the Womanls League bears to our school. They readily see the good in class organizations, the Y. M. and Y. W. C. A., the Athletic Association, and Literary Societies, but they wonder where the League has a place. Briefly, we may say that our purpose is ttto promote and preserve a high social and moral standard in the Normal School? This was set forth in the oliicial bulletin issued to the women in September, 1909. The League, as reorganized last year, is pat- terned after the Student Government Associa- tion of the University of Wisconsin, the main difference being that we emphasize the social rather than the self-government phase. How- ever, their problems are largely our problems. For twelve years they have been working on solutions, and for this reason the infant League of the Normal has looked to the Wis- consin sisters for guidance. On October 22, one of them, Miss Johanna Rossberg-Leipnitz, as a representative of the Student Government Association, came down to visit us. Her address proved such a help and inspiration that we wish to put it before the whole student body and also the members of the faculty through the columns of the ADVANCE. She said, in part: ttThe faculty regulates academic matters. Who is to care for the social side? In life, and the world into Which we are going as teachers, women set the social standard. It has been thus since time immemorial, and history teaches us that whenever their influence has waned moral degeneration has resulted. To be capa- ble of assuming the responsibility we must be trained to meet it. We cannot always be gov- erned like children or we shall never be teap- tains of our s0u1s3 And to govern others we must first learn to conquer and govern our- selves. This is especially true of teachers who are to set examples and build character. l tiIn reading over the constitution of your; Womanls League, I find that the purpose of the organization as therein expressed is also tth object of our Self-Government Association, namely, to strengthen the spirit of unity and: sense of individual responsibility and to serve- as a medium whereby the social standard of the school shall be made and kept high. In 3 other words, the function of the organization is both governmental and social. .The latter, I judge, is by far the more important to you . as to us. itThe government of our Association is vested in an executive board, composed of the officers of the League, five representatives of non-fra-' ternity women living in the city, live represen- 1- tatives of non-fraternity women boarding in the city, three representatives of Chadbourne'y Hall-the dormitory for women-one repre- . sentative of the Y. W. C. A. House, and onef representative from each of the women,s fra- . ternity houses. This makes a total of twenty- ' nine members on the board. We have an addi- tional advisory board consisting of women who I are either members of the faculty or wives of '2 members of the faculty. A separate organiza- j tion of faculty women exists at Wisconsin, : known as the Woman7s League. This organi- zation entertains the freshmen girls each fall, 7. calling upon the members board of the S. G. A. to help receive. Woodward, our Dean of Women, is the ad- : Viser of the board. Honorary members are the presidents of the nine womenls organizations , in the school, and these form an organization a known as Keystone. This organization was ' formed for the purpose of furthering the unity of the women of the University by interests i through their organizations. The honorary members are requested to attend board meet- of the executive Mrs. a THE NORMAL ADVANCE 39 ' ings though they have no vote. When a mass meeting is planned because of some great is- sue at hand, which is directly to concern all the women of the University, the members of Key- stone are to present the matter to their or- ganization beforehand to insure understand- ing and to arouse enthusiasm. The several or- ganizations concerned are the Y. W. C. A., the Athletic Association, the two Literary Soci- eties, the Girls, Dramatic Society, the Glee Club, the Consumer,s League, and the Equal Suifrage League. In like manner the several organizations are privileged to bring to the notice of the board matters of general interest but belonging more especially to their indivi- dual organizations. While not all, yet a con- siderable number of infiuential and active girls are reached in this way. Our stumbling block is reaching girls who are so widely scattered in a University that has grown and is growing year by year in such astonishing numbers. Last years statistics show a total of 933 girls in the University. :3 it it itWhile speaking of representation I must not fail to mention Section 5, Article V, of our constitution, added last year, which has regard for the qualities of the representatives. It follows: tNo woman shall be eligible to membership on the board who has not a stand- ing satisfactory to the Faculty Executive Com- mittee of the University.7 The clause was in- serted to secure the best all round girls, and, therefore, bona fide students, since it was argued that those Who are conscientious in University work Will be serious in fuliilling their duties to the organization. Too often popular girls are elected for their good fellowship, who are incapable or even unwilling to assume the re- sponsibility of committee work. This clause has caused girls to think more about the qual- ities of their prospective candidates for mem- bership on the board without depriving the board of girls. with unusual social or executive talents, but somewhat less scholarly stick-to- ativeness. Keystone, we hope, will do a like service for the individual organizations. Ser- vice on the board is already considered more of an honor, where previously it was sought more for glory to a group. ttThe social aspect of S. G. A. at Wisconsin is its brightest side. In the fall before school begins it is customary to send letters to the girls-the new oneseintroducing them to the Association. Of late years it has been a printed folder in the nature of a bulletin. The same is issued in the spring. These bulletins usually contain the following items of informa- tion: History, Purpose, Membership, Former Presidents, Officers, and Executive Board, Dues, Rules, Loan Fund, Mass Meetings, and First Party, together with a word of welcome and encouragement. ttDuring registration days the S. G. A. con- ducts an information bureau in Main hall, where girls just entering may receive assistance in registering and finding rooms. The Y. W. C. A. is in the service of the S. G. A. and meets all trains during the iirst three days. itS. G. A. affords the natural medium through which all girls come into touch with all other girls of the University. We find a wholesome feeling of good fellowship about it all? ' Such are the achievements of the Student Government Association of the University of Wisconsin. Let us again turn our attention toward the Womanis League of I. S. N. This is the medium through which all of the girls may come into touch with all other girls of the Normal School. The League this year is open to every girl in school. Membership here is not compulsory as in Wisconsin, for each girl is free to choose whether or not she will have a part in the bene- fits gained from association with her fellow- students in League work. As a splendid be- ginning for this year, more than two-thirds of the entire number of women students are en- rolled as members of the League. There has also been a very generous response from the faculty women. All this indicates a lively in- terest in what the League is now doing and ex- pects to do in the future. 4O The system of representation has been greatly improved. Not only are the Chapters repre- sented through the leaders, but also the non- Chapter girls through the five representatives elected by them. These are all girls of high standing, morally, socially, and intellectually. The leaders and representatives, with the of- ficers, make up the executive committee which meets fortnightly to transact Leaguebusiness. Any member of the League may attend these THE NORMAL ADVANCE meetings, although only representatives and otlicers may vote. ,. The purpose of the League, as has been said, concerns the social life of I. S. M That the League has been especially active in its chosen field you may discover by noticing the society column. In all that we do, we endeavor to cul- tivate the spirit of good fellowship and co- operation among the women. We believe that working together for the common good will , bring out the best in us. Miss Browns Birthday Present RAE GOLDMAN, C. C. '13 Sylvia was erasing the blackboard, a privil- ege that Miss Brown had bestowed upon her. Sylvia was glad to erase blackboards, glad to do anything in the world that would prove her love for Miss Brown. Some of the teachers from across the hall were talking to Miss Brown, and Sylvia heard her own teacher re- mark, ttOh, girls, tomorow is my birthday Pl Sylvia stopped erasing the blackboard and dropped the eraser with a loud noise. Her tight little braids almost stilfened with tense excitement. She had never before known that teachers had birthdays, but since they did, Sylvia knew that she must give Miss Brown a birthday present. Wasnlt that what birthdays were for, anyway? After the board was cleaned, Sylvia did not stay for Miss Brown to thank her or even kiss her, as she sometimes did. She walked home very slowly, thinking only of the great question of Miss Brownls birthday gift. She could think of no gift that could possibly be nice enough for such a dear teacher. Once, indeed, she thought of buying a green bottle of perfume, all covered with soft, pink cotton, and resting in a beautifully decorated box. But she discarded that idea because she knew that one of the girls would be sure to drop some remark to Miss Brown about green bottles of perfume costing only ten cents. Sylvia was too worried to study her spelling that night, so she curled upon the big, fur rug before the fire, and watched the flames, as if trying to get an idea from them about the gift. Uncle Bob entered the room, and seeing Sylvia7 caught her up and began to toss her high in the air. ttDonlt, Uncle Bob? Sylvia pleaded, ttI cant play tonight? Then, as Sylvia knew that Uncle Bob knew everything, she told him all about her teachers birthday present. Uncle Bob thought deeply for a few moments, and then exclaimed, ttI know just the thing, Puss. Teachers are all very lonely beings, and I know that any teacher on earth would just love having a handsome, young fellow given to her for a presentfl Sylvia trusted Uncle Bob with all her believ- ing little heart, so when he gave his suggestion, Sylvia gravely thanked him, and went to think it over. She thought of all the men she knew. There was old J ohn, who did all the odd work around the house, but J ohn was neither young nor handsome. There was the old doctor, too, but Sylvia was not sure that he would want to be given away as a birthday present. There was Uncle Bob, why he was just the one! Uncle Bob was both young and handsome, Sylvia thought, and Uncle Bob would not ob- ject to being given away, for he himself had given the suggestion. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 41 But even after she had decided to give Uncle Bob away, Sylvia thought 'of many other per- plexing questions. VVasnlt Uncle Bob too big to make a nice present? Brown do with such an immense gift? How could she take Uncle Bob to school, when Uncle Bob had to be at his oiiiee? These terrible questions had almost destroyed Sylviais hopes, but a sudden inspiration came to her that solved all these difficulties. ggI will just give teacher his photograph! Its almost like giv- ing Uncle Bob W l The next morning Sylvia did not wait for her tichumsli school by herself, hOIding under her red coat a large, flat package. She walked up to Miss Brownls desk, and holding out the package, said, ttHereis your birthday lpresent. Uncle Bob was too big, so I thought his picture would do? I V Sylvia waited expectantly for Miss Brownis thanks. Miss Brown only looked very puzzled and she slowly opened the package. Sylvia waited to see her smile, and to see her soft eyes look pleased. But Miss Brown looked up, her face flushed, her eyes looking angrier than Sylvia had ever seen them look. Miss Brown handed sylvia the photograph, and said, ttSylVia, how did you dare! You may go home, and not come back until you can bring me a note of apology. I did not think that Bob West would do such a despicable thing? Sylvia picked up the photograph and walked slowly out of the room, her eyes filled with tears, her heart filled with a heavy, aching pain. She felt frightened, and terribly hurt. She hated Uncle Bob, hated Miss Brown, and hated herself. She wondered dully how Miss Brown knew Uncle Bobis last name. She went home, and finding her uncle was still there, threw his .photgraph down before him, and said, ttUncle Bob, Miss Brown said she didnit What could Miss ' as she usually did, but ran to think you would do such a horrid thing, and she dOesnit want your old picture, and I hate you P Uncle Bob looked at his photograph, then at Sylvia, trying to understand what it all meant. ttSylviafi he said, very sternly, ctYou tell me what all this means. How did you ever dare to take my photograph to your old teacherw ttShes not one bit old, shes younger than you are? Sylvia cried, ready to defend her be: loved Miss Brown. ttAnd you yourself told me to take your photograth7 . Uncle Bob soon understood the whole story, but instead of being angry, he just threw back his head, and laughed, until Sylvia began to get alarmed for him. Finally he stopped laughing, and said, ttSylvia, you and I are go- ing to school and explain this to your teacher. it He laughed all the way, until just before they knocked on the door of Miss Browns room. Miss Brown opened the door herself and when she saw Sylvia and Uncle Bob, her face turned very red. Sylvia was surprised to see Uncle Bob grab Miss Brownis hand, and hold it tightly. Looking into, her eyes, he said, softly, ttAgnesW Miss Brown tried to pull her hand away, but Uncle Bob would not let her. Sylvia had never before seen Miss Brown look so pretty, her eyes were filled with such a soft, happy light. UncleIBob turned to Sylvia after a while, and said, ttLook here, Puss, Pve a good notion to Whip you for not ever telling me that your cdear teacheri was Agnes Brown, and Iive got a still stronger notion to hug you for fin- ally bringing me here? Miss Brown put her arm around Sylvia and whispered to her in a voice loud enough for Uncle Bob to hear, ttSylVia, I, too, am glad that you brought Uncle Bob back to me. I think he makes the dearest birthday present in all the world P, ttF or oft from the darkness of hearts and lives Come songs that brim With joy and light, As out of the gloom of the cypress grove The mocking bird sings at-nightfi e-Paul Lawrence Dunbar. DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE Diamond ' HELEN MARGARET CONNOR, C. C. '11 Chemically, the diamond is not different from charcoal and graphite. External appear- ance suggests no similarity; charcoal is black and charred; graphite, grayish-black, soft, and of metallic lustre; diamond, hardytransparent, and brilliantly crystalline; yet in chemical com- position these three forms of matter are identi- cal. They are allotropic forms of carbon. A gram each of charcoal, graphite, and diamond, when entirely burned in an atmosphere of ox- ygen, are each converted into carbon dioxide, and this is the Only product of the combustion. The amount of carbon dioxide formed in each case is the same, 32-3 grams. It is evident, therefore, that charcoal, graphite and diamond each consists of the one element, carbon. The difference between these allotropic forms has not yet been satisfactorily accounted for. A tentative explanation is one suggesting a dif- ference in the arrangement of the atoms and molecules such as has been found to exist in the case of other allotropic forms. Diamond is thought to be carbon in its purest form. Dia- mond crystals are commonly of the octahedron and dodecahedron varities, but the twenty-four sided crystal or tetra hexahedron is not com- mon. Cube diamonds are occassionally found in South Africa. The most celebrated mines of the world are in South Africa, Brazil, India and Borneo, and but few other places produce dia- monds. A number of localities in India have long been celebrated for their diamonds, partic- ularly Golconda; the stone is also found in Malacca, and other parts of the east. Not until the beginning of the eighteenth century were diamonds procured from any other part of the world. Then it was that they were discovered in remarkable abundance in Brazil. Previous to that time the diamonds which had been found in Brazilian gold mines had been count- ed worthless, and it was not until some of these THE NORMAL A'DVANCE stones found their way to Europe that their value was known. In the United States dia- monds have been found in Georgia and North CarolinaJ Diamond mines generally consist of diggings in alluvial soil. In Brazil, the method pursued is to rake the alluvial matter in which the diamond occurs backwards and forwards on in- clined planes, over which a stream of water is made to run, till the lighter particles are car- ried away. The large stones are picked up by hand and what remains is carefully searched for diamonds. The work is carried on by slaves Who if they discover a diamond of seventeen carats or more are entitled to their liberty. Though the Brazilian mines are very produc- tive, the Indian mines excel in the size of the diamonds which they yield, and in the purity rather than in the quantity of the product. In shape, lustre and crystalline form the diamonds of different mines present character- istic peculiarities. In one mine the octahedron form may predominate while in another per- haps the only type of crystal is the dodecahed- ron. Not only is it in the form of perfect crystals that diamonds are found, but, also, in rolled grains. These are obtained partly from allu- vial soil, the sands of rivers, rocks, chiefly quartz or sandstone, and often they are as- sociated with gold. Before the opening of the mines at Kimberly, Africa, all diamonds, it is believed, came from alluvial deposits. This was the case in Borneo, Australia, California and Brazil. In the latter place very rich beds were found in an alluvial detritus of clay, quartz, and sand containing also iron oxide. In places the beds were buried under as many as thirty-five feet of alluvial deposit. At Kim- berly, the site of a very profitable mine, the diamond occurs in a species of rock, the blue- THE NORMAL ADVANCE; ground, present in the craters of extinct vol- canoes and thought to have been deposited there by volcanic action. Up to the time of the open- ing of this mine the diamond had not been found in volcanic regions. The beautiful crystalline structure of the gem when found is concealed usually by an opaque covering easily removable. The word diamond is derived from the Greek, adamant, unimpressionable, for the dia- mond is the hardest known substance. Without being marred itself it will scratch hard steel or any other stone, though its brittleness necessi- tates care in its use for cutting purposes. In an experiment once made to test the hardness of the diamond, a stone was placed between two blocks of the hardest steel which were ground together until they touched. A groove was made in each plate of metal, but under the x . pressure, intense as it was, estimated at one hundred and seventy tons per square inch, the crystal was not even scarred. Next to the ruby the diamond is most prized among precious stones. Its worth is due to its hardness, rarity and brilliance. Pure dia- monds are colorless and clear. The presence of foreign matter in quantities, however minute,. imparts tinges of white, yellow, gray, green, red, almost any color. These foreign sub- stances often serve to dim the transparency of the crystal and make it opaque. The diamond becomes electric by friction, but is not electri- fied by heat, a test which is sometimes employ- ed to distinguish it from the topaz. Though charcoal and graphite are electric conductors, diamond is a non-conductor. Its specific gravity is about 3.6, nearly the same as that of topaz for which it is sometimes mistaken, so that specific gravity furinshes another basis for distinction of the two stones. Diamond is insoluble in all acids and in all liquids at normal temperature as far as is known. But it will dissolve in molten metals such as iron. When burned it is converted into carbon dioxide. At about 3600 degrees C it passes from solid to gas without the intermedi- 43 ate stage of liquification. Early in the seven- teenth century it was suggested that diamond would burn. This belief was confirmed by an experiment performed in 1694-55, in the pres- ence of Cosmo III, grand duke of Tuscany. Before the blowpipe flame, diamond is infusible. Closely packed in powdered charcoal, it can withstand great heat. Gustaf Rose, in an ex- periment, burnt diamond and reported, that out of the presence of air, for a while it under- goes no change, but at higher temperatures it is converted into graphite. At still higher temper- ature the stone swells up, loses its crystalline structure and in appearance resembles coke, a change thought to be due to a rearrangement of the atoms and molecules. Diamond is a strong reflector of light and ranks second to crocoite in its power to dis- perse white light into various colors. The dia- mond is highly phosphorescent and even the blackest speecimen is transparent to the X-ray. When subjected to the action of radium for a period of several months the rough stone as- sumes a green color. The brilliancy 0f the cut diamond treated thus is minified. Diamonds have been found solidified with other stones. In the African mines, in 1904, a diamond of weight 114 carats was found cemented to a ruby of weight V2 carat. The side of the diamond which embedded the garnet had numerous other depressions indicative of other garnets originally embedded. For the use to which the diamond is put it must be cut and polished. The faces must be exposed to the action of light in such a way as to bring out the brillaincy of the jewel. Since diamond is the hardest known substance dia- mond dust is employed in its cutting and pol- ishing. It was not until about the middle of the fifteenth century that the art of cutting dia- monds was known in Europe, though before that time this art had been practised in India and China. Up until the date mentioned the stones were set by Europeans without being cut, with a rough and unpolished surface. The diamond dust used for polishing diamonds as 44 well as other stones is obtained byg Grinding up an inferior grade of diamonds called the bort. Minute partielesof bort are used to drill tiny holes in-hard jeWels which are to be set in watches, gold or silver, for piercing holes in china and inrartificial enamel teeth. Further- more the diamond, uncut but mounted, is em- ployed in the cutting of glass. The cut made is but a trifling one, 1- 100 to 1- 200 of an inch deep, but along this line the glass breaks readily. i DiamOnds are cut into various forms, but principally into brilliants and rose diamonds. The brilliant cut is the most difficult and eX- pensive, but is also that which best brings out the beauty of the stone. It has an upper or principal octagonal face, surrounded by many facets, and, other things being equal, the greater the number of facets the more valuable. the diamond. Lapidaries sometimes multiply facets to hide imperfections of the stone. Rose diamonds have a fiat base, above which are two rows of triangular facets, the six uppermost uniting in a point. They are made of those stones which are too broad in proportion to their depth to be cut as brilliants. Stones still thinner are cut as table diamonds. The value of small diamonds is estimated somewhat as follows: One carat is generally considered as worth t2, that is, $9.72 of our money. To approximate the value of- a dia- mond $2 is multiplied by the square of the number of carats. This is for rough diamonds. Cutting and polishing, though les$ning the weight of the diamond, increases its value. Dia- monds of unusual size are put on sale at fabu- lous prices, without exact regard for the num- ber of carats they weigh. Owing to the increase in supply the price of diamonds is somewhat lower than formerly. I There are various methods of deception practiced in the sale of diamonds. One scheme is to make a baseeof some such stone as topaz With an upper part of diamond.' The rock crystal and paste diamond often passed off for the real stone are lighter THE NORMAL ADVANCE than the genuine article and neither so hard' nor sobrilliant. i In 1897, Moissan succeeded in making some, tiny diamonds by dissolving caibon in cast iron . and suddenly cooling the latter. The great pressure to Which the carbon is subjected as it solidifies in the contracting iron accounts for its crystallization as diamond. . By some the intense pressure at the time of , solidification is believed to account for that7 species of diamond which explodes on being. brought to the surface of the earth. The BX-i plosion is due to relaxed tension. Others ad-' vance the theory that diamond is carbon crys- 1 tallized from molten iron and explain on these grounds the black diamonds which they believe i to have retained traces of the iron in which it was dissolved. This black diamond is by some, . however, considered as merely porous diamond mixed with foreign matter. It has a specific V gravity of 3.416. It is generally conceded, though, that if diamonds ever contain iron at all, the quantity is infinitesimal. Experiments have been made with a powerful magnetic in- strument on the diamond, more particularly on the black speciman, but the stone was not at- tracted. Sir Isaac Newton viewed the diamond as han unctuous substance coagulated?7 J ameson sug- gested that it might be the secretion of some ancient tree, as amber. BreWster believed it to be of vegetable origin. Goeppert in 1863 dis- covered what he thought to be plant tissues and from other inclosures of the diamond he too deemed it of vegetable origin. The dia- monds found in South Africa are surrounded by carbonaceous shale. F rom the surface downward there is a layer of what is known as yellow ground. Below this is a layer of rock of igneous Character called the blue-ground. From these facts it is conjectured that the de- posits are in the pipes of ancient volcanoes and it is inferred that the presence of diamond is connected with volcanic action, the stones either having been thrown up from the interior THE NORMAL ADVANCE 45 of the earth or having been formed in place under the influence of molten rock in contact with carbonaceous shale. The French geologist, De Launay, has argued that the diamond must have been formed beneath the surface of the earth. This view seems to be supported by the fact that their occurrence is apparently in- dependent of the inclosing rock whether car- bonaceous shale or other rock; Then there is a theory based on crystalliza- tion in general. Other crystals grow gradu- ally in nature and it is not unreasonable to suppose that this, too, might be the case in the formation of diamonds. Gardner F. Williams, who has for years been connected with the mines at Kimberly, Africa, when asked his opinion on the crystallization of the diamond, said: 71 have none, for, after years of thought- ful study coupled with practical research, I find that it is easier to drive a coach and four through most theories that have been pro- pounded than to suggest one which would be based on any unassailable data. All that can be said is that in some unknown manner car- bon which existed deep down in the internal regions of the earth was changed from its black and uninviting appearance to the most beauti- ful gem which ever saw the light of day? There are some diamonds which on account of their unusual size are objects of interest or which have a historical value. The emperor of Brazil is said to have in his possession a stone weighing about twelve ounces, 1680 carats. This is known as the Braganza diamond, but its genuineness is suspected and by some it is held to be merely an unusually fine speciman of topaz. King Edward of Great Britain owns a stone believed originally to have be- longed to the great Mogul of China, and to have weighed 900 carats, which now since its various cuttings weighs 123 carats. A very large diamond of weight 367 carats belongs to the rajah of Mattan. For it the governor of Borneo many years ago offered $500,000, two warships, some cannon and a quantity of powder and shot, but at this price the owner refused to sell it. The Orlow diamond which once was used in the eye of an Indian idol, of weight formerly 779 carats, now 10214 carats, is owned by the emperor of Russia. The Re- gent or Pitt diamond which weighs after its cutting 136 carats, is unrivalled in its trans- parancy and form, its diameter and depth be- ing nearly equal. It was found in Golconda, was brought from India by an English gen- tleman named Pitt, grandfather of the first Earl of Chatham, and by him sold to the Duke of Orleans for $136,000, $74,096,000. It decorated the hilt 0f the sword of state of the first Napoleon, was taken by the Prussians at Waterloo, and now belongs to the king of Prussia. The Sanei diamond, weighing 106 carats, has a still more interesting history. It belonged to Charles the Bold, Duke of Bur- gundy, who wore it in his hat at the Battle of Nancy, Where he fell. A Swiss soldier found it and sold it to a clergyman. It passed into the possession of Anton, king of Portugal, who was obliged to sell it for the sum of 100,000 francs. It shortly afterward became the property of a French gentleman named Sanci, whose descendant being sent as ambassador to Soleure, King Henry III required the diamond as pledge, but the servant who was carrying it to the king was attacked by robbers on the way and murdered, not, however, till he had swallowed the diamond. His 'master, fully confident of his slaveis faithfulness, caused the body to be opened and found the diamond in the stomach. This diamond came into the pos- session of the crown of England, and James II carried it with him to France in 1668. Louis XV wore it at his coronation. In 1835 it was purchased by a Russian nobleman for half a million dollars. This diamond is thought to have been the first diamond cut in Europe. A diamond greater than any hitherto known was discovered J an. 25, 105 by a Mr. Wells in a mine in the Transvaal. The stone weighed 302434 carats, or 1.37 pounds. Its dimensions are 4 by 2173 inches. The stone presents eight surfaces, four of which are faces 0fthe original 46 a crystal, four of greater smoothness and regu- larity are cleavage planes. The stone is of a bluish-white color and for its size is a specimen of remarkable purity. The stone found is be- lieved to be smaller by more than one half than the original stone. The supposition'is that the original Was an imperfect oictahedron with dodecahedral faces developed on the edge. The Cullinan diamond exceeded more than three times the weight of the largestdiamond in existance at the time of its dishovery, a stone found in 1893 weighing 972 carats. The name, Cullinan, Was given it for the chairman 50f the company Which owned the Premier mine in which the stone was discovered. This mine Was Opened in 1902. The company owned 3515 claims, each 31x31 feet. By the end of 1905, 1,285 of these claims had been worked to an average depth of 30 feet. By the franchise of 'the company to which the Cullinan diamond belonged by right of discovery, the Transvaal government owned a large share of the dia- .of his sixty-sixth birthday. THE NORMAL ADVANCE mond. The company put the diamond on sale but the price was so enormous that' it finally sold Out'its share to the government. The gov- ernment then decided to present the, stone to King Edward VII of England on the occasion ' Owing to some flaws in the jewel it had to be cut into three pieces. The work was recently done at Am- 7, sterdam. First a slit of about oneLhalf inch depth was made by means of a metal wheel bearing diamond-dust. A steel knife was then inserted5 and by pressure on this knife the dia- I mond was broken in two. One of these halves ' was further divided. The cutting of dia- monds is a delicate operation and often results. in the shattering 0f the stone. But the work on the Cullinan diamond was entirely successful. One part, a pear shaped piece weighing 600 carats and value $2,500,000, Will be placed in E King Edwardts crown. The other two parts, weighing 425 and 410 carats, will be set in his scepter. DEPARTMENT OF TPEDAGOGY Practical Education CEPHAS GUILLET, Ph. D. In the keen spirit of inquiry that prevails today, stimulated by the advance in natural knowledge, the world, or at least the thought- ful part of the world, the small part that leads, is taking a fresh View of all things. It is not strange that our methods of educating the young, consecrated though they are by long centuries of usage, should come under the searching eye of the inquirer, fresh from the modern study of the scope and influence of heredity and environment. Manifestly, before any effective criticism of the traditional sys- tem of education was possible, it was necessary to find or establish some criterion whereby to judge it. This has been found in the nature of the child. Education hereafter is to be based upon the sciences of physiology and psy- chology, and in particular the physiology and psychology of growth and development. What are the laws of growth in the plant and in the T CEPHAS GUILLET, Ph. D. THE NORMAL ADVANCE, animal, in the individual and in society, in the child and in the trace? These, once ascer- tained, will be not merely suggestive but man- datory t0 the educationist. T0 invoke even the plant-world for this purpose is really no new thing. To Froebel and Pestalozzi, the growth of the plant was full of pedagogic significance. iAnd long before them the great teacher pointed us to the beautiful unconscious growth of the wheat and the lilies of the field. The man is more important than the system, and splendid work has been done in all ages and is being done today under very defective systems. At the same time it remains true that the art of pedagogy has in the past been based rather on tradition than on investigation. In the past we have started from an adult stand- point with an ideal to which we have sought to bring youth, the sooner the better. In this we have forgotten that youth exists for its own sake as well as for the sake of manhood; that an ideal child or boy or youth is not an ideal man in little, but rather an ideal man in embryo. We have not sought to study what is the natural condition of the boy and the education best fitted to make an all-round healthy happy boy, but rather we have sought to make him approach, as nearly as his ttlimitationsi, would allow, the state of adult- hood. Our method has been not development, but imitation. In a word we have sought to make a little Socrates, or a little Professor Wagstati', rather than a big Smith or a big J ones. Christ made no such mistake, but realized how essential it was that he should ttgo awayii that his spirit might have its per- fect work in his disciples. The progress of biological science has revolu- tionized our views of education. Starting with the study of bodily growth, biologists have shown the'parallelism of physical and psychi- cal development, and led us to infer that the laws of both are essentially the same. Thus illustrations of physical growth are full of suggestion for the educationist. For example the notochord in the embryo of the higher ver- 47 tebrates is gradually absorbed and replaced by the'vertebral column. No trace of the noto- ehord remains in the, fully developed human skeleton; its use is merely developmental, to serve as a basis and a stimulus for the new and higher organ. Without .the full and perfect development of the soft notochord, the full and perfect development of the hard backbone is impossible. This is an illustrationtof the law that each stage of development conditions the succeeding. Other striking instances of this law are .the growth of the thigh-bone in man about the small bone of the child, which changes to marrow; the growth of the frogs hind legs to take the place oflthe tail which is gradually absorbed into the body; the growth of the oak around the heart wood. The whole life of man illustrates this law. To have a per- fectly developed man, we must see to it that we have a perfectly developedsinfant, child, boy and youth. It is pretty generally agreed among paidolo- gists that the period of manis immaturity falls into five stages: ihfancy, from birth till the first dentition at. about eight months; child- hood, from the first to the second dentition at about seven years;.boyh00d and girlhood, from the beginning of the second dentition to pub- erty at thirteen or fourteen; adolescence, from puberty to about twenty-five. Boyhood is di- vided into earlier boyhood, the eighth, ninth and tenth years, and later boyhood or pre- pubescence, in the eleventh, twelfth and thir- teenth years. Adolescence is, divided into early adolescence or youth and later adoles- cence or young manhood at the age of seventeen 0r eighteen, at which time the yearly incre- ments of growth in height and weight begin to decrease. The momentous, one might almost say revolutionary, change in the human organ- ism known as puberty separates the stages into two very distinct groups. And of the two groups childhood is preparatory to boyhood, and youth to young manhood, in a strikingly similar way. ' Childhood is the age of physical growth, of 48 rapid growth in size of body and brain. All elforts should be bent toward ensuring the per- fection of that physical growth. It should not prematurely be- interrupted by development of function. It is a law of growth that differ- entiation or development follows close upon increase in size. The favorable time, there- fore, or nascent period for developing the func- tion of an organ follows close upon the period of most rapid growth of that organ. During the first seven years of the chile life the brain grows with great rapidity, almost at- taining its full size. This would seem to in- dicate that the formal education of the brain should not begin before seven or eight. It is just as dangerous to postpone the development of a function too late as to begin it too early. In the latter case we unduly force nature and cause a-warping 0f the organism; in the other case we let the golden moment, the period of interest and budding capacity, go by and cause question; In both cases the result is a lack of symmetry in the organism that can never be corrected. The less formal training, then, of any kind in childhood, the better for the child: simply good food, much sleep, glad eX- ercise, loving care and the genial sunshine of a rich sensuous environment for the physical and mental eye and earethe senses and the imaginationeof the poet-child. He should grow and unfold as unconsciously as the flower. Good physique is the only effective basis for both intellectual and emotional progress. The care and training of the body should receive constant and expert attention throughout the period of immaturity. In no respect Will the education of the future differ more markedly from that of the past and the present than in the attention paid to the full and perfect de- velopment of the body. When health and sanity are made the criteria, education will be revolutionized; precocious schooling, examina- tion cram, abnormal desk and book grind, hy- pertrophied intellect and atrophied will, nerv- atrophy or stunting. of the organ in ' rHE NORMAL ADVANCE ousness and anaemia, headache and myopia, will cease their fell work among the young. Boyhood contrasts with childhood in being the age of relative independence and func- tional capacity. Accuracy of hand movements increases rapidly at the threshold of boyhood. It is the motor agFthe age of maximum ac- tivity of the body and the age of motor control or relatively accurate functioning of the muscles. Childhood is the more generalized stage, boyhood the more specialized. Child- hood is the age of myth and poetry, boyhood of history and fact. Boyhood is the time for foundation facts and habits; for the storing of the visual, auditory and inotor memories; for oral language-drill; for manual skill in writing, drawing, and in the fundamental arts and crafts; for basic moral habits of industry, fairness, truthfulness, obedience, self-control, reverence for elders, respect for property, kind- ness to his dumb companions. Music is a fundamental study and should be begun in boyhood. The kind of motor functioning re- quired in instrumental music, namely finger and wrist movements, has its nascent period in early boyhood. ' There is no study more fundamental than drawing when taught so as to encourage free self-expression. A recent educational writer, Sophia S. Partridge, gives a striking illustra- tion of the failure of educationists to take ac- count of the nature of the child. She was shown some remarkable drawings done for his own amusement by a German schoolboy, Who had a very bad record at school, and in the drawing class especially was considered hope- lessly idle and stupid. ctN0 one could help being struck with the varied knowledge, the accurate observation, the lively imagination, and the power of expression shown in these drawings? The boys interest in drawing, like all his interests, is active, is dramatic. He is interested in the action, in the story he seeks to tellenot in the reproduction or imitation of objects. And before this active young mind bent on expressing inAthe things he remem- ojvt bers and imagines, we place geometrical figures or mere objects, whether natural or conven- tional, to be painfully copied. And thus the art-instinct is crushed out of the boy and noth- ing is attained at last-not even that much lauded adult Virtue of mechanical accuracy, for which the child naturally has and'can have little interest or capacity. It is evident that the teacher while teaching should be con- stantly studying his pupils, learning their dis- positions, and the bent of their minds, that he may the better serve them. A biological theory that is full of suggestive- ness t0 the teacher, especially the teacher of boys, is the Recapitulation Theory, which is closely connected with, if not a corollary of, the law of growth under consideration. This modern theory gives a new meaning to the Old saying that man is a microcosm of the universe. It aiiirms that man from the time of concep- tion to his death lives over again the history of life upon this globe, from the one-celled or- ganism up through the various stages of animal life to the human, and then through the various stages of human development up to that to which his parents belong. It is truly a kind of continuous metempsychosis in a likewise constantly changing body. Man must pass through these various stages in order to be capable of the higher that should follow. Now the relatively complete development of the boy for individual life, his independence, his selfishness or rather self-centredness, his comparative lack of social feeling, and the ac- tivties to which he instinctively turns, all sug- gests that he is passing through primitive stages in the purely human history of mane the stages of the savage and the barbarian. Therefore, to take this active little savage, the younger boy, away from his natural surround- ings of wqods and fields and streams, and chain him to a desk and a book for hours, day after day, morning and afternoon, is to do Vio- lence to his nature. It is to treat our own boys very similarly to the way in which we have treated the boy-like Indian, and the re- THE NORMAL ADVANCE, wk 49 sults are similarly disappointing. Book-lore should be merely supplementary to wood-lore and wood-craft and observed facts of the locality. Instead of sitting still so much, the boy should be ranging the woods with all his senses awake, should be getting acquainted With things instead of mere words, and learn- ing to do things natural to him some of the time, instead of eternally reading of the deeds of others. Boyhood is the nascent period for interest in nature. To learn to know the plants and ani- mals by name is to make a host of friends, whose return in the new season the boy looks forward to with unalloyed pleasure. Then everywhere he goesein the dense maple woods, in the open pine and hemlock groves, along shores of lake and stream, in sunny meadows and dark swamps and swales, he constantly meets and welcomes old acquaintances and widens his knowledge of them. This gives na- ture a new aspect; it brings him ever closer to her. He sees more, both extensively and intensively, and the more he sees and learns of her, the more he loves her. The older boy, the young barbarian, in the prepubescent years, should be allowed to en- gage in mimic warfare and in the primitive oc- cupations connected with pottery, building, ranching, lumbering and farming. He should also continue the study of his environment, both natural and cultural. For him education should not have in view any definite calling; neither should it be systematized in manual training courses. The boy is too young to specialize thus. For him practical educa- tion should simply supplement common sense with common knowledge. The home is or might be made everywhere the best training school for every side of the boys nature, for the aii'ections, for the intelligence, for the. will. Dr. Hall has called attention to the splendid all-round training the farmer-boy gets at home, and especially the boy on a pioneer farm. But the city boy is not without oppor- tunities for the development of practical 50 ability, if he lives in a home that regards his education as part of its functioneindeed its chief function--and does not seek to cast this altogether upon the schools. In taking an ac- tive part in improvements and repairs as well as the regular routine of the home, the boy may have his intelligence quickened, his prac- tical ability widened and his self-coniidence in- creased by practicing the trade of the car- penter, the cabinet-maker, the plumber, the painter, the paperhanger, the decorator, the gardener, the hostler. And if this is true of the boy, how much more of the girl! They should noteindeed, cannot alwaysebe told every- thing, even in running an errand. They should be expected to use their heads, to do a little thinking, to take a little initiative, to do a little extra, in the various errands and tasks they are entrusted With, that they may learn to be alert and serviceable, independent and self-reliant. And the manual training of the school should be in the nature of an introduction to the various typical trades of the joiner, shoemaker, gardener, cook, milliner, etc., rather than of a set of narrow sloyd processes. At puberty the Whole nature would seem to have a new birth and the boy becomes a gener- alized, plastic child again on a higher plane. In early adolescence, as in childhood, growth is rapid and functional activity, as a rule, re- latively imperfect. Growth in size and strength proceeds most rapidly between fourteen and nineteen, whereas the superiority of the right hand in accuracy is greatest from six to eight and declines up totsixteen. J ust as childhood is the sensory age and boyhood the motor age, so we may say that early adolescence is the higher sensory, the age of perception and ap- preciation, While later adolescence is the higher motor age, the age of action and creation. Adolescence is pre-eminently the period of em- otion. In youth the emotion wells up in vague longing and aspiration; in young manhood it is directed into narrower and more definite chan- nels. It is at adolescence that many of the deep- est feelings of the soul first find expression. THE NORMAL ADVANCE This, then, is the nascent period for the feel: , ings that underlie the higher Will, the period of supplying high and strong motives to the WilPS action. The moral instinct or 'conscience, t the religious instinct or feeling after God, the social and sympathetic instincts and the sweet naive senie of the beauty of the world, Which 4 have their first dawn in childhood, are reborn or reinforced at puberty. Education, therefore, in religion, in aesthetic appreciation, in the emotional background of will and character, should be especialy emphasized in early adoles- .' cence. T0 lead the youth to seek and to find pleasure in right directions should be the chief end of youthful education. Youth is the age for the formation of ideals of life, While in later adolescence their realiza- i tion is sought in some specific pursuit or am- bition. In early adolescence, then, the train- ing should be largely a training in ideals. To this end history, biography, prophecy and poetry form the best culture material. This is the age for the study of the best books, the in- spired messages that stand the test of time be- cause they are divine. If for this training in ideals in the nascent period of ideals, there be substituted a training for vocation, Which naturally comes later, there is liable to arise in the minds of youth so trained a contempt for ideal ends, a distaste for culture, an impatience With subjects and topics Whose hrst aim is the enlargement of the mind. This is the nemesis that overtakes the disregard of natureis laws. The teachers aim should be, not the imparting of trade or professional or any other technically useful information or skill before the age of specialization has ar- rived, but primarily the development of intel- lect, character and eiiiciency, of high ideals of life and duty. The development of a rich sys- tem of association tracts in the brain will form the best possible preparation for the age of specialization. A professor of engineering has recently declared that he much prefers the student WhO comes to him With a mind well- trained through allsround culture to one Who THE NORMAL ADVANCE a 51 W has substituted for such a course a specialized technical training. The motor or active element, however, should have a larger place iii the culture of the youth than it generally has had. Sport is good, be- cause it means the storing up of energy. But if our school course were so devised as also to store up instead of exhausting energy, there would be less need of mere sport, even in early adolescence, which is the nascent period of athletics and gymnastics, and of social games and occupations. Much of the time spent in sport could be more wisely used in other and higher motor directions. Physical and intel- lectual exercise have been too much divorced. The best educational works have yet to be written. What an interesting book might be written for the teacher by the artist who was at the same time a phychologist! And how suggestively could he write who was at once a geometrician and a teacher with a belief in concrete practical methods of education! How he could interest us with accounts of actual field work, actual problems solved out of doors with Euclidis aid, instead of the perpetual un- related desk-grind. The slowest thing in the world is educational progress. How many schools and colleges still teach geology and geography solely by text-books and class-room lectures, or botany and zoology in the labora- tory! True intellectual development, the train- ing of the reasoning powers of the mind, should begin at puberty, but it should not be sought entirely apart from the objective world. Every teacher should seek to attain to such an ac- quaintance With the practical bearing of his subject, that he may be able to bring this prom- inently before the mind of his pupils. By thus causing his subject to appeal to the sensory and motor regions of the brain and mind, he will root it deep in their apperceptive capaci: ties. Every subject should be at least begun in this way. The reason pupils so readily forget the French, the Algebra, the Physicsthat they learn is,,that they do not use them. We can only fix knowledge and make it a part of our- selves by using it in our active lives. A well- knit brain can be built up only in this way. To pore over books and dig and cram and then forget, tends to make not only a flabby body but a scatter brain, without unity or order. It is a question whether any subject should be studied apart from interest and use and merely for the sake of mental discipline. To be edu- cated is to live. One must live out onels edu- cation. Only that which is lived is truly learned. Knowledge unapplied is worse than useless: it is wasted time, wastedleii'ort, wasted life. We should, therefore, seek to apply knowledge to the present life of the child, the boy, the youth-to the life that he is leading or should be leading. The old education tends to turn out a race of clerks rather' than to train up a race of men. The old curriculum has been handed down from that scholastic age when men had not begun to see or to look effectively for the truths which lay all around them in nature and life, and which awaited the coming of a Luther and a Wordsworth, a Francis Bacon and a Darwin to reveal. On the other hand, the premature training for livelihood of the mere trade school or trade course is a poor substitute in youth for the old scholastic disci- pline. If we must have Technical and Com- mercial High Schools or High School courses for youth through the pressure of commercial competitionecourses that should properly come after the High School ageethen their managers should see to it that culture snbjects are well represented and emphasized, especially in the earlier years. In the long run this has been found to pay even financially in promo- tion and wages. ' Later adolescence or young manhood, how- ever, is par excellence, the practical age, the age when interest in the here and now is most intense. It is the age of inquiry and debate. The youngman is awake to current events and present day problems. He is absorbed in his own life-work, in carving a career for-himself, 52 and in everything that will help him therein. At seventeen 0r eighteen, on the average, origin- ality is first strikingly exhibited in many lines of human interest and endeavor. It is the pioneering age, and the age of specialization. The training, therefore, from seventeen or eigh- teen on should in general be a training for vocation, and for the active duties of manhood, training as deep and thorough as time and means may permit; for this final stage pre- paratory to complete independence and the in- dividual working out of his own higher self cannot be cut short with impunity. It is be- cause this and other stages are prematurely cut short that we find so many misfits in the world, so many cases of arrested development, and so many cogs upon the wheel of progress. Among the lower animals we find that the higher the organism is to be in its adult state, the longer is the period of immaturity. The same rule holds good in the human animal. The period of immaturity is in him much longer than among the lower animals; and, if it be fully and wisely used, must result in a more perfect adult formea form better adapted to meet all the demands of a strenuous, high-aimed life in 'an increasingly complex and difficult environ- ment. Later adolescence is the nascent period of free thought, of free inquiry. The demand is now for a ttreasonable faith? His opinions, therefore, religious, political, social, which will have arisen largely as the result of imitation and feeling, the young man Will now review from the standpoint of reason, provMing all things and gaining that high freedom that philosophy can give the honest seeker after truth. There is a danger that is liable to beset the most gifted youthi namely, that of sprawling amidst their ideals, of becoming mere ttidea- loguesi, without the capacity for stern and per- sistent endeavor in any practical direction. The emotionalism of such youths is apt to become morbid and devitalizing. Not only the home and the school, therefore, but also the church THE NORMAL ADVANCE should seek to direct the emotions of youth into sane and serviceable channels, that the habit of action may engender the Will to act. The enthusiasm of adolescence for 'humanity should be turned into practical directions in social relief work. With the broadening out of the sympathies from the home to society, the sphere of the youthis helpful activities should likewise broaden out. In this nascent period of philanthropy and altruism, young men and women Will find at once the highest interest and the truest culture in bringing order and beauty into the lives and homes of others. Too often this enthusiasm spends itself in meetings for prayer and praise and a weak kind of bible study, in social gatherings with oneis friends, and in a cheap kind of religious, as of political, partisanship. Thus the pernicious habit is formed of regarding the church as a kind of club for mutual exhortation and sup- port, instead of a very serious organization for the persistent study and solution of social as well as individual problems under the guidance of a courageous and enlightened christian spirit. With some splendid exceptions, the weakness of the churches today is their com- parative aloofness, as organized congregations, from the great intellectual, social and political movements of our age. This defect can only be remedied by the development in the rising generation of a higher and broader idea of the christian Churchis true function in society-the function not of a class, but of a typical com- munity that identify themselves with all humanity as with God. To the present writer practical education is a education that prepares for life, for the high- est and broadest life of Which one is capable. It is education that is true to nature, that is complete at every stage and at the same time propaedeutic for the next. It includes educa- tion for ones calling but is not limited thereto. It constantly keeps in View the application of knowledge While avoiding narrow views of that application. It trains to live as well as to earn a living. It encourages a mind open and alert or THE NORMAL ADVANCE ' 53 to all truth and beauty, while training for mastery in some special direction. It places the stress first of all upon the fundamentals of growth ahd function, then upon ideals, and only lastly upon special lines of endeavour ac- cording to the young manls peculiar aptitudes. And here ideals Will not be relinquished. On the contrary, in a young man so trained the special work Will be accepted only as a means to the accomplishment of ideals, and these ideal ends the young man Will never let go at peril of his life. They glorify the commonplace, they suffuse even drudgery With the crimson glow of heaven, they sustain hope and courage under all disappointment and defeat. To work for money, or place, or self-culture, or ap- plause, is ignoble, narrowing and deadening the soul, Whereas the constant pursuit of a high aim exalts the humblest calling to a function divine. A HERO ttHe sang of joy; Whateler he knew of sadness He kept for his own heartls peculiar share; So well he sang, the world imagined gladness To be sole tenant there. t4For dreams were his and in the dawnls fair shining His spirit soared beyond the mounting lark; But from his lips no accent 0f repining F ell When the days grew dark. ttAnd though contending long dread Fate to master, He failed at last her enmity to cheat; He turned With such a smile to face disaster That he sublimed defeat? -Fl0rence E arle Coates. 54 The Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR ---------------- Editor-in-Chief WALDO F. MITCHELL ............. i . Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN - - ------------ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ----------------- Society Editor J ESSE Woon ........ ' ............. Athletic Editor W. R' VALENTINE i Local and Alumni Editors HARRY HOWICK ............. CHLOE HOUGHTON ---------------- Senior Editor GRACE COLGLAZIER .................. J unior Editor CLYDE SHAW . - . - - - ........ Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross --------- l -------- College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF WM. 0. WINKLER . . - ............. Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS -------------- Advertising Managers ADAM BOWLEs ----------- - - Circulation Manager.- BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ex-Ojiicia PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM, WILL T. Burma, C. 0., Secretary WM. H. CAIN. '10. ------------ . '11 WM. UNVERFETH. 12 Published monthly from October to J une, inclusive. Terms . ..................... $1.00 per Year Single Copies . . . ............ 10 Cents Commencement N umber ----------------- 85 Cent Address all communications to THE N ORMAL ADVANCE, Terra Haute. Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify THE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terre Haute post ojfice as second class mail matter. The goblins tll git you if you dont say AD-VANCE.' iiThe early bird catches the worm? but it is the early worm that is caught. Moral: Dontt be a worm. ttNever take your wish-bone where your back- bone ought to belt is as good a piece of advice for a student at I. S. N. as it is for afidrum- merY, ' Domestic science, a subject which is receiv- ing increasing attention in colleges and high schools, has been added to the list of subjects which may be offered for entrance to the Uni- versity of Chicago. This action has been taken by the faculties of the Colleges of Arts, Litera- THE NORMAL ADVANCE ture, and Science, as a result of the growing . demand for oiiicial recognition of this subject, and results in a balancing of the manual-train- 3 ing curriculum at the University by tli'e placing 1 of a purely feminine subject of education on a I par with the masculine studies of mechanical t drawing and shop work. The student who ttcutsli classes while at col- lege usually finds himself on the remnant counter at the end of the year with a ttcut-rateti tag attached to him. It will help 'our circulation manager, Mr. Bowles, for each subscriber to call for his j. ADVANCE at the Y. M. C. A. desk promptly at the time advertised on the bulletin board. Under date of November 3, we received an interesting letter from Benj. H. Scudder, ,96, now of Tempe, Arizona. Mr. VScudder is chair- man of the executive committee of the Arizona Teachersl Association and Joint Institute. His letter follows: ' EDITOR NORMAL ADVANCE : Enclosed lind a program of our Arizona Teachers Association. When I was at the Normal we organized to start the paper you now have charge of. Pres. Parsons will be with us all week in beautiful, sunny Arizona. He will see the Grand Canyon before he arrives at Phoenix. We expect the largest Association ever held in Arizona. Very truly yours, BENJ. H. SCUDDER. On looking over the program we find that Pres. Parsons will deliver the following lec- tures: The Education of the Human Organ- ism; Natural Incentives in Education; The School and the State; Characteristics of Great Literature, and Shakespeareis Hamlet. It is safe to say that Pres. Parsons will make many friends for himself, for Indiana State Normal, and for the good old 'Hoosier State. THE NORMAL ADVANCE -mx The International Club, a social student or- ganization at the University of Chicago, has elected its officers for the coming year, each one of them being a native of a different foreign country. The president is a Chinese; the Vice- president, a Filipino; the recording secretary, a Canadian; the secretary, a Japanese, and the ' treasurer, a. Spaniard. The Rabbi of the Jewish Synagogue of the city conducted the chapel exercises Friday, November 5. He spoke on the subject of social control, presenting a few phases of the subject in a clear and convincing manner. His major premise was that misery is not as much the re- sult of individual sin as it is the result of social error. His conclusion was that in the present age of material prosperity many people control producing forces which supply their needs many times over, while many more people, on account of the mal-adjustment of society are forced below the level of efiicient and honorable means of producing the necessaries of life. Thus a readjustment of social conditions in which the over producer shall sufliciently pro- vide for the under producer is made necessary. The temper of his talk was in touch with the feelings of his hearers, for his conclusion was followed by a hearty round of applause. When the I. S. N. foot ball team played at Danville, Illinois, the score was 55 to 0, but the men came home with the knowledge that they were learning the game, for not once did the strong Danville team manage to break through 55 the Normal line in time to interfere withBashls punts, while in the game with Rockville a week earlier many punts were stopped. The men also blocked the end-runs started by Danville much more successfully than they did at Rock- ville. At the rate at which the boys are learn- ing the game now, I. S. N. is sure of some ttcrackl, foot ball squads in future years. LETTER FROM THE PHILIPPINE a ISLANDS. To Editor Normal ADVANCE and Alumni I; S. N.: At this time I take pleasure in sending greet- ings to you all, and especially to the class of 1907, from my station in the Philippines. I am at present located on the Island of Bohol, of the Vasayan Group, south of thelIsland of Cebu. I resigned my position in Soule College, New Orleans, La., last July and sailed for Manila on the 22nd of the same month. I was appointed by the Bureau of Education to the position of Supervising Teacher for the towns of Antequera and Cortez, and took up my work on September 1st. I am well pleased with my work, and my chance to study educa- tional problems here along the lines of the ttThree-fold movement of consciousness? . I want to still have my name on the list of subscribers to the ADVANCE, so please send to my address all issues to date this year. With best wishes for the ADVANCE, and all in good old I. S. N., I beg to remain, Yours very truly, HARRY M. SMITH. gtIf all who may count themselves happy were to tell very simply what it was that . brought happiness to them, the others would see that between sorrow and joy the difference is but a gladsome, enlightened acceptance of life, and a hostile, gloomy submission; between a large and harmonious conception of life and one that is stubborn and narrow? u-Maeterlz'nclc. 56 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Y. M. and Y. W. C. A Y . M. 0. A. The nature of the Y. M. C. A. work is such that it is difficult to tell at any one time just. what has been accomplished. The regular weekly meetings have been held each Tuesday afternoon and much interest has been shown. The Bible study and mission classes have been meeting regularly, but as these are only in- cidental in inspiring men to live cleaner, nobler, and more consecrated lives, the real ac- complishments can only be judged by the changed moral and religious tone of each in- dividual. ' rThe national week of prayer was observed by the Association November 14-21. Early morning meetings were held through- out the week. The program was as follows: Monday-The Reason for Prayer ....... ........................ Waldo Mitchell Tuesday-eThe Reality in Prayer. .Mr. Henry .VVednesdayeThe Reward in Prayer ..... ........................ Mr. Unverferth ThursdayeThe Reinforcement in Prayer ........................... Mr. Stalcup Fridaye-The Rest in Prayer ....... Mr. Kibby SaturdayeThe Reach in Prayer ........ ........................... Mr. VVinkler The Association is seeing more each day that, although more Christian men are needed, the greater need is better Christian men, and we are glad to say that as a result of the religious meetings, men are resolving to live better lives than ever before. Y. W. 0.A. The Y. W. C. A. has been having some suc- cessful meetings this term. The meeting con- ducted by Mrs. Moir, the social settlement nurse, was very interesting. She .spoke con- cerning her travels in Russia. Rev. Hixon of Centenary church, gave an interesting talk con- cerning the doubting Thomas, on Sunday, Oc- tober 24. Some changes have been made in the Y. W. C. A. cabinet. Miss Blanche Elliot succeeding Miss Lenora Burnham as calling chairman, and Miss Lois Rutledge succeeding Miss Louise Murphy as Mission Study Chairman. The twenty-fourth annual convention of the Y. W. C. A. was held here November 4-7. Dele- gates from the different colleges of the state were present. The most interesting feature of the conven- tion were the addresses given by Balcom Shaw and W. A. Brown of Chicago. The Y. W. C. A. girls entertained a number of the delegates during the convention. Miss Letitia Hall, of F ranklin, Ind., who is in train- ing for seeretaryship, was the guest of Miss Walter. , Definite plans for the work of next term are being made and the girls hope to make it a very profitable term for all. ST. THOMAS AQUINAS The St. Thomas Aquinas Club reorganized October 15. Mr. George Meyer was chosen president and Miss Cecilia Concannon was chosen to fill the oflices of both Vice-president and secretary. -It was decided that the club -should meet once a week, on Friday at 3:30 olclock. The work of the term is to consist of papers and talks on Church Ceremonies and Belief, and also on any other matters of interest in relation to the church. A11 Catholic students are cordially invited to become members. Regular meetings are held each Friday at 3 :30 in Room 25. ttLet every dawn of morning be to you as the beginning of life and every setting sun be to you as its close? 47w. Ruskin. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 57 ATHLETICS BIRD JOHNSON, Mgr. HUNTER SINK MARTIN BASH POWERS - SHARP WOOD CLAYTON MITCHELL UNVERFERTH NUGENT BOWLES WHITAKER ' WILLIS MONTGOMERY HICKMAN FOOT BALL field. With the new Parsons Field it looks as Imagine the feelings of Manager Johnson and his squad when on Thursday evening, November 11, they were informed that the DePauw game would have to be cancelled on account of improvements at the old Parsons Field, and because no other suitable grounds could be secured on such short notice. The boys had worked hard for this game, looking forward to it as the ttonly game of the sea- son? The squad had a nice bunch of trick plays, and had also picked up a few new points about the forward pass. Coach McCarthy had practiced the plays with the boys until they felt sure of a victory. This was the third game that had to be canceled during the sea- son, and the boys feel that they have been in hard luck. Yet in spite of this luck which indeed has been had our boys were doing excellent work. In the first game of the season we held Rock- ville to an even score, and had never engaged in scrimmage beforeK Few teams will stand the attack of an opposing team on the line as ours did, without some practice. In vain did the Rockville boys try to go through the line, but it was of no use, while With the ball in our possession we went through the line for gains time and time again. To Mr. Johnson and Coach McCarthy is due the credit for the eX- cellent work of the boys. Both did everything in their power to get the boys out and were with them until darkness drove them from the if next year there might be a chance for foot ball. There is good material in school and if it can be developed there will be a chance. The following is the line-up of the R. H. S. game: R. H. S. 5. Position , I. S. N. 5. Boughton ......... L. E. . .VVhitaker- Bird, Smith, Capt ....... L. T. ........... Clayton Cook .............. L. G. ..Mitchell- Hickman iColloway ........... C. ............. Nugent Burks ............. R. G. ............. Sharp Boyd.-.....:....L.. R.T. .............. Sink Harrison .......... R. E. ............ Martin Coleman. . . . Q. B. ...... Capt. Bowles Hargrave ......... R H. Hunter- Unverferth Adams ............ L. H. ............. Wood Burks ............. F. B. .............. Bash Summaries . Touchdowns, Adams, Wood. Referee, Kimmell. Umpire, Linbarger. Head Linesman, Benhann. Time of halves, 15 and 20 minutes. a i At a meeting of the foot ball squad Monday evening, Nov. 15, Nugent was elected captain of the next yearis team. Hunter was elected assistant captain, to take the position of cap- tain if Nugent is not in school. BASKET BALL Since the close of the foot ball season every- one is looking forward tO-the inter-class basket ball games. All the foot ball men, With the ex- ception of Wood, who is nursing a stiff knee, 58 THE NORMAL ADVANCE are in fine condition.A1th0ugh they have had. no practice in basket ball they will have the endurance and will soon get their eyes on the baSket. The College Course students have or- ganized a team, and, although, they have very few men in school, they expect to make a fairly good showing. The teams seem to be pretty evenly matched, and some very exciting games are expected. However, it seems as if the Sophomores have a little better chance of win-- ' ning, as they have so many men to pick from, and many of them High School boys who have had experience. Much is expected of Mont- gomery and W; Unverferth, while Shaw and. BowleS'made a good showing on the Freshman team of last year; The Seniors are not far in the rear as they have Laughlin, Montgomery and Ray, all of whom have played on the ivarsity. Wood will be unable to play, so that leaves an1 opening in the guard position Which Will probably be filled by E. Unverferth or Mitchell. The first games will be played a 12-4. score. Thursday afternoon, Nov. 18, between Seniors- 1 Juniors, prhomores-College Course. 1VORJIAL HIGH SCHOOL BASKET BALL The Normal High School boys are playing a Lseries 0f inter-class basket ball games. It . seems as if the Seniors are favorites as they have three or four of last year,s 7varsity team in their squad. In spite of this, the Juniors sprung a surprise on them in the opening game ' 6f the series, coming off with the large end of , At the same time the Freshmen were defeated by the Sophomores. In the second game, the Seniors took the Sophomores into camp and the Juniors wal- ,. loped the Freshies. Standing 0f the T eams. Won Lost Pct. J uniors ............ 2 0 1.000 Seniors ............ 1 1 .500' Sophomores ........ 1 l .500' Freshmen .......... 0 2 .000 LITERARY CLUBS THE ORATORIUALT AND. DEBATING LEAGUE The representatives of the different classes and societies met in Room itCP Friday, Octo- ber 29, for the purpose of electing League of- iicers for the coming year. The oHicers elected were: Wm. H. Cain, president; Guy J ohnso11 vice- president; Etta Walter, treasurer; Ruth King, secretary. The first business meeting of the League was held November 5. At this meeting it was decided if possible to use one subject for the inter- class and inter- normal debates. The executive board held its meeting Novem- ber 9. It voted to use the same subject for de- bate which is to be used in the debate between Oskosh, Wis, and Normal, Ill. Prof. Bacon was advised tauthorizedi to schedule a debate with DePauw if possible. The program arranged for the year is as follows: Inter-Society Debate ........ t ....... January Oratorical Contest ................... March Inter-class Debate .................... April Inter-Collegiate Debate ................ May The League is very desirous of having a large number of students participate in these contests. ALETHENAI The Alethenai has been studying the negro for the last month, taking up the lives and work of Booker T. Washington, Paul Law- rence Dunbar, and Dubois. The last meeting of the month was given to a discussion of this question,- tiShould the education of the negro be limited to industrial training?ti THE NORMAL ADVANCE DAEDALIAZV The work of the Daedalian Literary Society is progressing nicely. The members are now twelve in number, and each fellow seems ready to take an active part and help push things along whenever he has an opportunity to do so. Three interesting debates have been fea- tures of the last months work. ROSA BONIIEUR The Rosa Bonheur is a new society which has recently been organized. It is composed of the following members; Mrs. . Wells, Nellie Trobaugh, Zela Bundy, Lizzie Joslin, Bertha R011, Chloe Siner, Belva Cozart, Laura Woody, Kate Woody and Ethel Wallace. They have chosen as their object the study of art, and are anticipating a pleasant year. The ofhcers elected are as follows: Leader .......................... Mrs. Wells Secretary ................. Miss Bertha Roll Treasurer ................ Miss Lizzie J oslin F OR U M One of the most interesting features of Forum life was a Halloween hay-ride-supper given by the society on the evening of October 30. The members and their ladies, chaperoned by Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Montgomery, assembled at the Association House on North Sixth street and were driven to Ellsworth, where a sump- tuous supper, in keeping with the season, had been prepared for them in the dining room of the M. E. church by the Ladies Aid Society. The room Was tastefully decorated in autumn tints and pennants, and j ack-ollanterns lighted the room with their mellow glow. It is need- less to say that the feast was enjoyed by the 59 rollicking crowd. The presence of Messrs. Fred Spencer and Rupert Field, old Forum mem- bers, who had come into the city expressly for the occasion, added greatly to the spirit of the evening. a a , The increasing interest which the members are manifesting in the work is casting a whole- some influence over the society as well as the individual members, and promises a great year for the Forum. THE GERMAN 0L UB During the month of October the German club held three meetingsh The regular work was taken up in the first two weeks. The third week a Kaffee Klatsch was held, to which all members of the club, Professors Weng, Mut- terer, Schlicher, Mrs. Schlicher, and Miss Cox, were present. Two meetings were held in No- vember, at the first meeting Miss Nellie Haber- ' stich sang a solo, and Miss COX gave a talk about her trip to Germany, Which interested every listener, for some intend to take a similar trip. The next meeting on November 10, was the celebration of the 150th anniversary of ; Lutherls and Schillerls birthday. The pro- gram was as follows: A piano solo by Miss Adele M. Fruechte, recitations by Misses Hen- rietta Way, Catherine Rogers, Helen Froeb, Matilda Tormohlen, Marie Budd, Sophia Riechers, and Adele M. Fruechte, the life of Schiller and Luther, by Professor Mutterer; then the closing song, ttEin feste Burg ist unser Gottfl by the members of the club. The talk which was 'given by Prefessor Mutterer was very interesting and instructive to all German students. V ttSuccess does not consist in never making blunders, but in never making the same one a second time? -D. T. Shaw. 60 THE NORMAL ADVANCE mt SOCIETY WOMEZWS LEAGUE On the afternoon of October 22 the League gave a reception for Miss Rossberg of Wiscon- sin University. All the women of the school and the faculty ladies were invited to meet Miss Rossberg. She spent about an hour pre- senting a comparative discussion of the wcrk of the Women,s League of this school and the work of the Studentls Self Government Asso- ciation of the University she represents. While the talk was being given refreshments were served by members of the executive committee. After Miss Rossberg finished her discussion she requested that all who desired to do so ask questions. The organization of the Womenls League is based upon the Studentls Self Gov- ernment Association, so Miss Rossbergls talk was very helpful in giving all an idea of the organization and the aim of the League. The League held the annual Hallowelen party Saturday afternoon, October 30, in the girls gymnasium. Music was furnished by a German band composed of the Athleta girls. Mrs. Curry read two poems, ttSeeinl Things at Night;7 and ttOrphan Annie? Each girl had her fortune told twice, Mrs. Bogardus read the palms and vMisses Coradel Wade and Ruth King. presided over the witches, kettle. The Llamarada girls gave a very clever stunt which represented the popular advertisements. Refreshments of doughnuts, cider and candy were served. i Miss Elliott met the members of the execu- tive committee at the Y. W. C. A House Tues- day afternoon. After the usual business Miss Elliott read a part of Miss Rossbergls discus- sion, which the girls had not heard. Light re- freshments were served. ALPHA The Alpha initiation was held at the home of Miss Mary Phillips in Collette Park Place, Oc- tober 29. Those initiated were Berniite Bowlby, Hazel Kelley, Lucy Belle Sebble, and Mildred Stultz. The following Alumnae members were present: Misses Bertha Smith, Mary Hill, Eva i Rumbley, and Gussie True. i The Alpha girls went on a tramp north of f the city along the Wabash river, Saturday afternoon, November 6. They built a bonfire , and roasted Wieners and pork chops, and toast- ed marshmallows. Those present were Arpy Curry, Mildred Stultz, Myrtle Landerholm, Ruby Weills, Lucy Woody, Hazel Kelley, J 0y Muchmore, Alma McCrum, Ethel Hughes, Anne Price, and guests, Ruth Price and Mary ' Ralston. h LLAMARADA On Friday evening, October 29, the Llam- aradas conferred the first degree at the girls home on North Seventh street. The candidates were Portia Fuqua, Grace Burba, Matilda Markle, Grace Nantz, and Minnie Parsons. The second degree is to be given later in the term. A new social feature has been introduced, which from its popularity, promises to become permanent. The section holds a regular busi- neSS meeting every two weeks, on Saturday afternoon. Lately the girls have been bringing sewing and mending, and, after the business of the day has been discussed, have been holding a social hour together. They are making plans for a big party, which is to be given soon. Nothing definite has been decided on, but a progressive party seems to be much in favor. LE UEYG-JAS The Le Ceygjas initiated their new members October 16. They were taken out into the country north of the city, where while resting 'from the long walk they partook of a picnic lunch. Before returning home they were shown the meaning of the word ttLe Ceygjasl, in a way in which they will not soon forget. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 61 The Misses Colglazier, Speeker, and Coffin entertained the Le Ceygjasat 405 North Sixth street, October 30. The guests were requested to blow the' horn three times before entering: The rooms were decorated with jack-otlanterns which threw a wierd light on the many faces about the room. Each girl wore her Beta Noir, some of which caused great merriment. Small candles were given each guest, and before leav- ing, the fate of each one was foretold; Cider, ginger snaps and pOp-corn were served throughout the evening. The Section was entertained Saturday after- noon, November 13, at a nutting party, the hostesses were Misses Worley, J enkins and Eberhart. The girls had a. great time. MU ZETA The Mu Zeta section planned a nutting party for Saturday afternoon, October 23, but owing to the inclemency 0f the weather the afternoon was spent at the home of Miss Freda Meyer, on South Center street. Initiation was held Saturday afternoon, November 6, at the home of Helen Margaret Connor, when the following pledges were taken into the section: Freda Meyer, Helen Smick, Hazel Holden, Vivian Volkers, Vanessa RadcliHe, Pearl Anderson, and Helen Margaret Connor. Delicious refreshments were served, and it was agreed by all that Miss Anderson and Miss Connor were fine hostesses. The Mu Zetas entertaied their friends Satur- day evening, October 30, with a Halloween social. The guests were invited to the home of Miss Katherine Kester, 1514 South Seventh street, where they were met. at the door by two Egyptian mummies. The house was decorated with pumpkins, candles and jack-dlanterns. A fortune-teller revealed the future and gave each young man a heart on which was written the name of his future wife. After each one had found his affinity the party was conducted to the home of Miss Henrietta Way, on South Third street, where they found a witch mixing love potions, a tiny vial of which she'gave to each guest. After drinking the potions and falling in love, the party went to ' the home of Miss Helen Margaret Connor, where each young man was given a hat with material for trimming it. While this was being done the girls entertained their guests with a goblin song. When the hats were trim- med the girls were obliged to wear them to the next station, the home of Miss Helen Smick. There they listened to a ghOst story told by Mr. VVinkler, Which was made more terrifying by the frequent appearance of a ghost which wandered restlessly about. The last visit was paid to the home of Miss Hazel Holden, on South Eighth street, where the remainder of , the evening was spent. HalloweTen refresh- ments were served. The section members pres- ent were Helen Froeb, Helen Smick, Hazel Holden, Freda Meyer, Katherine Kester, Hen- rietta Way, Helen Margaret Connor, Vanessa Radcliffe, Jesse Sigler, Pearl Anderson, Emma Dwight, Nelle Haberstich, Mabel Gossman, Minnie Kaufman, Minnie Heberg, Marjory Leisure, Edna Schmidt, Miss Minturn. The guests were: Messrs. Lidike, York, Young- blood, Welborn, Froth, Scott, Connor, Winkler, Christy, Meyer, Milholland, Cain, Hagerty, Howick, Clippenger, Mitchell, Wisener, and Hunter. KAPPA On Saturday evening, October 23, the Kappas met at 121 North Seventh street to initiate the new members. An enjoyable evening was spent by all, even by those being initiated. Light refreshments were served. The new members taken into the section were the Misses Blanche Beckes, Myrtle Kitchell, Glenn Scott, and Mary Jenkins. On Saturday evening, October 30, the Kappa girls enjoyed a theater party at the Grand to see tiThe Golden Girl? They had as their guest Miss Elsie Kirchoff, 0f Vin- cennes, one of the Kappa girls of last year. On Saturday evening, November 13, the 62 Misses Mary Jenkins, Myrtle Kitchell, and Margaret Wallace very pleasantly entertained the Kappas at 414 North Sixth street with a tttaii'y-pullinw Games and contests furnished the entertainment of the first part of the even- ing. The Kappas present were the Misses Kel- sey, Kirchoif, Hartley, Beckes, Scott, Jenkins, Wallace, Kitchell, and Houghton. They had as their guests the Misses Earl, Darrow, Mer- riweather, and McLode. Miss Margaret Wallace has withdrawn from school on account of illness. She returned to her home at Anderson on Sunday, November 14. The Kappas were very sorry to see her go. OMEGAS I The Omegas were entertained Saturday even- ing, November 13, at the home of the Misses Mary and Mildred Flaherty, 119 South Thir- teenth street. The main feature of the evening was the initiation of the following girls: Misses Birdenia .Bennett, Mildred Flaherty, Charlotte Grimes, Katha Green, Dora Haxton, Lula Hayward, Grace Kearns, and Myrtle Templeton. The other members present were Hazel Davis, Ma ry Flaherty, Elizabeth Peyton, and Nola Williams. Music and games were enjoyed throughout the evening and a hot luncheon was served in the dining room, which was beautifully decor- ated in pink and green, the colors of the Chapter. PI ZETA The Pi Zetas held the first initiation of the year at the Mansion House, F riday, October 15. Five new members were given the three - degrees of initiation. After the strenuous work of the evening, refreshments were served. The girls who tttook the workii were the Misses Vera Bunyan, Pearl Price, Adelia Casto, Blanche Sines, and Louise Harris. Miss Fanny Thorp was at I. S. N. for the Pi Zeta initiation. Miss Thorp is a former Pi Zeta and is spending this year at her home in Linton, Indiana. 1 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Miss Ethel Carr entertained the members of ' the sororiety and friends Saturday, October I 30, with a ghost party, at her home in West ., Terre Haute. The parlors were beautifully and 5 artistically decorated in autumn leaves of all . kinds. J ack-otlanterns were kind enough to ' lend their brilliant eyes for light. A camp-hre - was made on the lawn and the ghosts toasted marshmallows by the light of the moon. Later in the evening refreshments were served in ttcamp style? The guests who are not at I. S. N. this term were Merril Smith, of Stilesville, Indiana; Mr. Don Black, of South Vigo, Indi- ana; Miss Fanny Thorp, of Linton, Indiana, and Mr. George Carr, of West Terre Haute. PSI TH E TA 011 F riday evening, October 29, the Psi Thetas held an initiation at Miss Stewartis room, 516 North Sixth. Those who were shown through the mysteries Mi of the Chapter were ' ' Misses Merle Froste, Mary Allen, Blanche J ohnson, Helen Negley, Myrtle McCormick, and Elsie Trout. Refreshments were served after the regular work. Another initiation was held on the evening of November 5 at the home of Miss J ohnson, on North Eleventh street. The candidates were Esther Norris and Geneva Burwell. After the work was completed refreshments were served and the party dispersed. At a business meeting the following ofiicers were chosen for the term: Lelah Stewart, leader; Helen Negley, secretary; Mary Allen, treasurer; Geneva Burwell, editor. The Chap- ter is planning some interesting things, among which is a hay ride, in the near future. ZETA ZETA The Zeta Zeta chapter of .the Womenis League entertained with a Hallowden party, F riday evening, at the home of Miss Matilda Tormohlen7 801 South Third street. The house was appropriately decorated with witches, black cats, pumpkins and other characteristic emblems. Much amusement was afforded by THE NORMAL ADVANCE 63 w guessing the identity of the guests. The diver- sions of the evening were music, story and for- tune telling, and a guessing contest. Prizes for the latter were awarded Miss Willie Cline and Messrs. Haigerty and Warner. After the games refreshments were served. Those pres- ent were the Misses Katharine Rogers, Hattie Stirwalt, Georgia Brewster, Mary Rogers, Kel- sey Allen, Rena Stirwalt, Besse Spradling, Laura Ellis, Thersa Wehr, Willie Cline, Anna Piepenbrink; Messrs. Haigerty, Cain; Ward, Spradling, Warner, Howick, Wm. Tormohlen, Wehr, Albert Tormohlen, Stirwalt, and Fiess. THE CLASSES COLLEGE 00 URSE The students of the College Course held their first regular meeting of the term, Thursday, November 11, in the Association Rooms. After the usual business had been transacted, the fol- lowing program was given: ' Piano Solo ................. Miss Shortridge Talk ......................... Mr. Bogardus Vocal Solo ................. Miss Haberstitch Reading ....................... Mr. Winkler A committee consisting of the Misses Bader, Rutlidge and Walter was appointed to arrange a program for the next meeting. SEN I OR The Seniors seem to take much interest in the class this year, as is shown by the large at- tendance at the class meetings. At the meeting of October 29 the following program was given: Reading ....................... Miss Bennet Solo ....................... Mr. Youngblood Reading ..................... Miss Williams Piano Solo .................... Miss Burwell It was decided that the next meeting should be made a social affair. A program committee with Mr. Conner as chairman, was appointed to act with the entertainment committee, pre- viously appointed, to plan it. On Friday evening, November 12, about fifty Seniors gathered together for a social evening together. After the business of the class was transacted the meeting was turned over to Mr. Montgomery, the chairman of the committee on entertainment. Mr. Winkler gave several parlor readings which were much appreciated. Miss Haberstich also sang. Then followed games and stunts which showed much ingenuity 0n the part of those participat- ing in them. Refreshments of coffee, sand- wiches, pickles and mints were served in the faculty room. a The affair was made very informal and every one seemed to have a splendid time. It was the desire of all present to have many more similar ail'airs,- if all could be so thorough- ly enjoyed. I JUNIOR The first social meeting of the J unior class was held F riday evening, October 22. Owing to the heavy rain only a few members were present, so but two numbers of the program could be given. The entertainment consisted of two piano solos, one by Miss Pearl Haefle and I one by Miss Maud Ringo. The second meeting, Friday evening, Novem- ber 5, was well attended, and the enthusiasm shown speaks well for the future of the class of ,11. The program rendered was: Vocal Solo ................... Emma Ingling Reading ....................... Mr. Winkler Vocal Solo .............. Genevieve Engibus Piano Solo ..................... Grace Love Vocal Solo ..................... Mr. Lidikay Vocal Solo ................... Revel VVorley 64 80101101110le A meeting was called October 21 by the president for the purpose of electing a member to represent thevclass in' the Oratorical League. At this meeting Mr. Haney was elected by a unanimous vote. Miss Engibus was elected as class artist. At the regular meeting October 29, the fol- lowing brief but excellent program was ren- dered: VocalSoio.............7 ......... MissLove Piano Duet. .The Misses Whitehead and Lynch Professor Bacon gave a talk on ttClass Spirit?7 He narrated very vividly some of his THE NORMAL ADVANCE interesting experiences in his connection with 9 classes. , q At the regular meeting November 12, the fol- i'- lowing program was rendered: . I Piano Solo ............ ' .......... Miss Ringo ' Vocal Solo .................... Miss Laverty '. Reading ...... . ................ Miss Ratcliffe -' Piano Duet. . . .The Misses Norris and Bratton Piano Solo .................. Miss Littlejohn 9 Each number was worthy of praise and well ; deserved the hearty applause which it received . from the eighty- six persons pI'.esent After the literary pow 11111, a short social session was . held. LOCAL and ALUMNI Fern Osborne and Paul Pike, mid-spring students of last year, are teaching this winter. They joined the I. S. N. rooters at Rockville, October 30. 9 MI'. Merril Smith, Senior, who is teaching at Crown Center, was calling on I. S. N. friends October 29 to 31. Mr. Homer Phillips, ,09, 0f Linton was a visitor October 30. Mr. Butler Laughlin, 10, was called home October 27 on account of illness of his brother. Mr. F red Spencer, i08, principal of the Bell- more High' School, made a short Visit and re- newed acquaintances October 30. Mr. O. P. Dellinger, too, is teaching in the de- partment of biology in the Kansas State Nor- mal School at Pittsburg. Mr. Rupert Field, J unior, was a visitor Oc- tober 30. Prof. Baxter attended the foot ball game be- tween Michigan and Syracuse at Ann Arbor, October 30. Miss Anna Cole, 06, visited Miss Lenore Burnam and other I. S. N. friends October 30 and 31. She is principal of the Waveland High School. Mr. Thomas Beecher, t05, who is superinten- dent of the schools at Hymera, called on I. S. N. friends Nov. 3 Mr. George Benham, i09, who is teaching in the high school at Clay City, greeted 01d ' friend: at I. S. N. October 30. M1'.Carl Harbaugh of Carbon was a visitor October 30. Mr. C. C. Newlin, one of our former base- ' ball stars, helped the I. S. N. rooters at Rock- Ville, October 30. Mr. W. E. Eddington, 08, C. C. i09, greeted I. S. N. friends October 29 and 30. While here Mr; Eddington attended the Senior class meeting and gave an inspiring talk concerning his former work here. Miss Hazel Shor'tridge, 09, Who is teaching mathematics in the Jasonville High School, was renewing acquaintances October 30. Miss Beatrice McClain, 06, of Riley, was a visitor November 6. Mr. Leroy Hunter, president of the Soph- omore class, Visited friends at Tuscola, Novem- ber 6. Mr. Ernest Childress friends October 29. Mr. L. D. Hightower, i08, is head of the de- partment of science at Oakland City College. . Paul Baldwin of Dugger was a visitor Oc- tober 30. Leo Francis, who is principal of the town- ship high school at Bridgeton, Parke county, called on I. S. N. TI-IE tNORMAL ADVANCEK Visited Terre Haute Friday evening, November . 5. He Will return to I. S. N. in the spring, when he expects to graduate. Mr. Ernest Unverferth, l10,-attended the foot ball game at Ann Arbor, October 30. Mr. George A. Spotts, ,06, renewed his sub- 1 scription t0 the ADVANCE November 10. Mr. Spotts gives his ttbest wishes for the success of the ADVANCEJ, Mr. Lotus D. Coifman, 96, is at work in the Teachers College at the Columbia University. He Will contribute to the pedagogical depart- ment of the ADVANCE this year. Mr. Harry M. Smith, l07, is a supervising teacher at T agbilaran, Bohol, P. I. E. B. Bryan, 189, former president of Frank- lin College, is now president of Colgate Uni- versity, Hamilton, N. Y. Pres. Parsons attended the Arizona Teachers, Association, held at Phoenix, Arizona, Novem- ber 8 to 12. Otto Shoeppel, 309, orders the ADVANCE to be sent him. at River Park, Indiana. 011 November 12 Mr. and Mrs. W. B. Brum- fiel 0f Matthews, Ind., were made very happy by the arrival of a ten-pound boy, Walter Howard. Miss Hazel Davis, who is teaching science at Montezuma, visited 1. S. N. October 30. Miss Bertha Wilson has left school to ac- cept a position as teacher of biology in the Matthews High School. 65 Mr. Earl Harris, Who is principal of the Saline City schools, greeted I. S. N. friends Nov. 13. Mr. Harris and his sister intend to be in school next spring. Mr. William Scott isteaching in the zoology department in Indiana University. Cecil A. Grayson, Who is superintendent at Cora, in company With May Modesitt, one of our students, Visited the Normal November 6. Prof. Cox spent Saturday, November 13, up the river collecting mussels. Mr. OlNeal, Mr. Nugent and Mr. Woodrow accompanied him in his motor boat. Ernest D. Long, a member of the first class to graduate from the C. C., is now a member of the faculty of the new normal school at LaCrosse, Wisconsin. On November 4 occurred the death of Ezra B. Porter. Mr. Porter graduated from I. S. N. With the class of 1909. He Was a strong student and a leader in social circles. He was a mem- , ber of the Forum. At the close of the fall term, l08, he took a position as teacher of mathematics in Wiley High School, Terre Haute. This position he was compelled to give up last April, due to his ill health. ttI am a part of all I have met; Yet all experience is an arch wherethro, Gleams that untravellld world Whose margin fades 0 Forever and forever When I move. HOW dull it is to pause, to make an end, To rust unburnishld, not to shine in use? wTemzyson. 66 THE NORMAL ADVANCE EXCHANGES ONE TOO MANY A street car in charge of a newly appointed Irish conductor had just left the ear-barn for the down-town run. Before it had proceeded many blocks it was boarded by an inspector. This oiiicial, after a glance at the register and the occupants of the car, asked in surprise: ttWhy, OiFlaherty, howis this? YOI; have seven passengers and the register shows but six fares rung up Pi ttBegorra, is that so'P, puzzled the green con- ductor. Then instantly a happy solution of the difficulty struck him. ttGit out oi here, wan o, yezW he shouted. ttThereis wan too many oi yez on this car PieHarperk Weekly. 00 ULDZWT SET HER BACK American ladies, when in England, are the occasion of many jokes, good, bad, and indiifer- ent. Here is a recent one, which has for its scene the magnificence of Windsor Castle. Fair Americane-Butler, any chance to get a glimpse of the Queen? Gentleman AddressedeI am not the butler. I am the Prince of Wales. Fair AmericaneHow lucky! Is your mother in ?eEX. SYMPATHY I was in the art museum. ttYes, Mandyfi said Mr. Hardapple, as he re- ferred to his catalogue, ttthis be a stature of Venus. You see, she hasnit any armsP ttPoor thingP, sighed Mrs. Hardapple. ttI t was just wondering? ttWondering what, my dearW ttWhy, how in the world she ever carried her shopping bag? OPPORTUNITY The two 'sat on the park bench, looking at the moonbeams dancing over the lake. ttJust one, Dorisli, he pleaded. tt iSh P, she whispered. ttI feel as if some other man were watching us W Just then the moon accommodatingly went behind a cloud-and the man in it disappeared. eChicago Tribune. THE LAST RESO UROE When all my thinks in vain are thunk, When all my winks in vain are'wunk, What saves me from an awful flunk? My pony leEX. TommyePop, a mans wife is his better half isnit she? Tommyis PopeSo we are told, my son. TommyeThen if a man marries twice, there isnit anything left of him, is there rQ---The De- caturian. 7 RECIPE FOB FLUNKS Take a string of bluffs, stir in a pound of thin excuses, add a few class stalls according to taste, sift in an overabundance of athletic en- thusiasm, fiavor well with moonshine caught on numerous evening strolls. Then stuff With one night,s cramming and serve hot the end of a term.eThe Decaturian. WHAT MADE HIM LATE School Teacher tseverelyerou are half an hour late this morning. Little Boy twho was ttkept in,, the day be- foreeresim. It was late yeste,day when I got home.-New York Weekly. ttWe measure success by accumulation. The measure is false. The true measure is appreci- ' ation; He who loves most has most? e11 enry VanDyke. a 1 3 THE NORMAL ADVANCE 67 TTStrength of character consists of two things epower of Will and power of self-restrainty TTHappiness: to live throughout the whole . . . . . R-THE-e range of ones facultles and sen51b111t1esP eHa'wthome. . . Moore-Langen Printing Co. BELL PHONE 4 CITIZENS PHONE 23 B1 Elgnteimbfiniers an 00 anu acturers PUBLISHERS Temple Laundry 00. T No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE. IND. HOME OF Both Phones 64 Q U A L ITY 1T COSTS No MORE TO GET THE BEST JESSE WOOD, Agent mkmu 3m ST QRE Corner of Sixth and Cherry Sts. We have everything in the books you neeaRSchool Pennants. School Pins. Guaranteed Fountain pens. Bibles. Stationery and many other things you need-everything right. ' We are ON THE CORNEB-East Side of Sixth and Cherry Streets CRAFT S BOOK STORE No. 672 WABASH AVENUE .School Becks. Miscellaneous Books. Books for Presents, Cut Glass. Art China. Good Box Paper and all other items usually found in book stores ' YOU CAN BUY HERE AS CHEAP AS ANY PLACE IN THE CITY 68 THE NORMAL ADVANCE A. G. SPALDING 8:. BROS. are the Largest Thev- Manufacturers Spaldlng in the World of Trade-Mark OFFICIAL EQUIPMENT FOR ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS AND PASTIMES in Athletic I Y U Sport you NllOllld lm'vr' r1, copy of thc Spatding Catalogur'. IN a complete encyclopedia of What's New In Sport and is sent frre on request, A. G. Spalding 8L Bros. I47 Wabash Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. DEVELOPED FREE F I l 8 Write for particulars. 0. C. DeSELMS, Attica, lndlana ls known throughout the world as a Guarantee of Quality me interested for all Kodaks and Cameras rFor High-Class LAUNDRY, CLEANING and DYEING WURK G. W. YOUNGBLOOD, Agent ' Hunter laundering t Dyeing Co. Sixth and Cherry Sts. ALL KINDS OF CUT FLOWERS JNO. G. HEINL h SON Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. H. H. HUTTON CO. The Home of Hart Schaffner t Marx Clothes ; Complete Line of Hats 8:. Furnishings 522 WABASH AVENUE OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry 6: Dyeing Co. . ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 308F3IO Cherry St. Both Phones l84 w. L. BASS, Agent Attention N ormal Boys! The ttFERN BARBER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientihc Face Massaging, both electric and hand. Special attention and interest shown the Normal boys. HARRY WILSON. MADISOWS OAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue Headquarters for the best of everything pertainingito the DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY EINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City Sole Agency in Terre Haute for Gunther's Fine Chicago Candies American German Trust Company Normal Students are invited to make their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohio Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. The Orbiel Supply Company carries the LARGEST and MOST COMPLETE STOCK of NORMAL BOOKS and SUPPLIES in the City. Your old books taken intexchange. CUT FLOWERS, PLANTS Fifst Store South of Normal on West Side No. 118 North Sixth Street A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. . An Oliver Typewriter -- the standard visible writer - the $100 machine -- the most highly perfected typewriter on the market-yours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a matter of business history-yours for I 7 cents a day! The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as ttThe Balance ShifttL-JtThe Ruling Device -ttThe Double Releasell-ttThe Locomotive Basetl-t The Automatic Spacerl, - UThe Automatic Tabulatmm -- uThe Disappearing. Indicatorlt - The Adjustable Paper Fingers -- ttThe Scientific Condensed Keyboard, l-all a Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a. day. That is the plan in a nutshell. The result has been such a. deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority of inquiries has come from people of known financial standing who are at- tracted by the novelty of the proposition. An impressive demonstration of the immense popularity of the Oliver Type- writer. A startling confirmation of our belief that the Era of Universal Typewriting is at hand. T5 are Making Money with A Quarter of a Million People ?:va . Tychri-l'er lee Standard Ulstble Writer The Olive! Typewriter is n money-mskera-ight from the word go ! So eney to run that be tn- nets soon get in the tt x- ertt' class. Earn as amEh Let the! mugune pay e 17 can 5 n cy- and all above thut is yours. Wherever you are. there's work to be done and money to be made b us- ing the Oliver. The usi- ness world is clllin for Oliver operetots. ere are not enough to sup ly the demnnd. Their en ar- ies are considerably above those 01 many classes of workers. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The simplicity and strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. It is becoming an important factor in the home training of youn people. An educator as well as a money maker. hver on the threshold of every home in America. Will you close the door of your home or othee on this remarkable Oliver opportunity. Write for further details of our easy offer and a free copy of the new Oliver catalog. Address THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY Our new selling plan puts the The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely CHICAGO. ILL. Indiana State Normal Schoql' Terre Haute, Indiana Supported by the State for the Education of Its Public School Teachers TUITION FREE Fifty Members of Faculty To Residents of Indiana. Courses in All Subjects qu;l;ed Adapted to Teachers' Needs. L ab a rat ori es Standard College or Ad- vanced Course for Teachers leading to the A. B. Degree. Library of 50.000 Volumes TRAINING SCHOOL FOR STUDY AND WINTER TERM PRACTICE OPENS Q0 - MON DAY A Typical Cigntry School JANUARY City School of Eight Grades 3 w 1910 Four Years High School For Catalogues .nd Further Informntion apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Terre Haute, Indiana 0 LL 1 ' Tho lmmm Pk. 00.. Tom mm - 04 nmwrwun - imam A nan thhmawaA ' - ' A V A , . rmWL V mu ;, at .A v . . . . .E'ASIJF m?ZX4wwa - 011132 santmal ghhamt Echotcb tn the Jntmsts of Gib: imbiana gtate janrmal gunnul ' mime 395mm, Zinniana Volume jiftnn Eetenrber, 1909 32mm Mm: EPPERT 86 SON' Are always to the front with the latest. styles of An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED 0N SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE hCALL AND SEEt Oltlzens Phone l4l6 TERRE HAUTE, IND. .E extend to the students of Indiana State Normal our best Wishes for 43w 3. Merry Christmas and Happy New Year. and wish to announce that we have a full line of CHRISTMAS CANDIES. STATIONERY IN G! FT PACKAGES BIG FOUR PHARMACY The Store with the Orange Front 6th and Big 4 R. R. CRAFTS BOOK STORE No. 672 WABASH AVENUE School Books. Miscellaneous Books. Books for Presents. Cut Glass. Art China. Good Box Paper and all other items ulually found in book stores YOU CAN BUY HERE AS CHEAP AS ANY PLACE IN THE CITY B AR G AIN s ! BELL PHONE 4 CITIZENS PHONE 23 Solid Gold Signet Rings - - - $2.00 and up n pins ,,,,,,,,,, 50c up Temple Laundry Go. Solicl Gold Cuff Links ----- $2.00 up Gold Filled CuE Links - - - - 50c to $2.25 HOME OF Ladies 0 Size. 20 year Watch - - - $10.00 AL IT Gents for ------ $9.00 and $12.00 Q U Y ENGRAVING FREE IT COSTS No MORE TO GET THE BEST 31 W- E. Long North Sixth St. JESSE WOOD, Agent 'THE NORMAL ADVANCE VOLUME XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND, DECEMBER, 1909. NUMBER 3. Q thristmas Qtarul I care not for Spring; on his fickle Wing Let the blossoms and buds be borne: He woos them amain With his treacherous rain, e And he scatters them ere the mom. An inconstant elf, he knows not himself, 01' his own changing mind an hour, Heill smile in your face, and, with wry grimace, Heill wither your youngest fiower. Let the Summer sun to his bright home run, He shall never be sought by me; When heis dimmed by a cloud I can laugh aloud, And care not how sulky he be; For his darling child is the madness Wild That sports in fierce fevered train; And When love is too strong, it don,t last long, As many have found to their pain. A mild harvest night, by the tranquil light Of the modest and gentle moon, Has a far sweeter sheen for me, I ween, Than the broad and unblushing noon. But every leaf awakens my grief, As it lieth ineath the tree; So let Autumn air be never so fair, It by no means agrees With me. But my song I troll out, for CHRISTMAS stout, The hearty, the true, and the bold; A bumper I drain, and With might and main Give three cheers for this Christmas old. Weill usher him in with a merry din That shall gladden his joyous heart, And wetll keep him up While therets bite or sup, , And in fellowship good, wetll part. 3i: 3k 3k 3!: :1: 3k 3k 9E :II i Then again I sing till the roof doth ring, And it echoes from wall to wall- To the stout old Wight, fair welcome tonight, As king of the Seasons all! -0harles Dickens. '70 THE NORMAL ADVANCE mmentpiittb anihersarp Qtelehratiun . ibnmehluming of 3!. g, 33. 3. glumni The next commencement of this school will mark the twenty-Iifth anniversary of the elec- tion of Mr. Parsons t0 the position of Presi- dent. Plans are under way to celebrate this anniversary with a special program during commencement week. Much work is yet to be done before the plans can be perfected in detail, but the proper committees have been assigned their several duties, and the preliminary ans nouncement is here given. Detailed programs for each occasion will be printed later on. Sunday, June 19eBaccalaureate address by President Parsons. Monday, J une 20-The afternoon will be given to exhibits of the departments of Draw- ing and Manual' Training. Rt 8 p. m. the com- mencement exercises of the Normal Training High School. Tuesday, June QleDedication of the new library building at 9 :30 a. m. Dedication of the new Parsons F ield at 3 :00 pm. The evening will be given to the senior class. Wednesday, J une QQeSpecial anniversary address at 9 :30 a. m. There will be an informal noon luncheon at the Terre Haute House. An- nual meeting of the Alumni Association at 2 :00 p. m. Reception for the President by Board of Trustees, F aculty, and members of the Alumni Association at 8:00 p. m. Thursday, J une 23-Annua1 commencement of the Indiana State Normal. The best available speakers will be secured for these occasions. The idea is to make this a kind of gala week, or home-coming for alumni of the school, and at the same time a celebra- tion of this twenty-fifth anniversary. It is ex- pected that the program of the week may make this the greatest commencement week for stu- dents, Faculty, and Board of Trustees that I. S. N. S. has ever had. mbeir thm'stmas Teletratinn Q Mere $19th from life CATHERINE STAFF Dot ye hear the children weeping, O my brothers, Ere the sorrow comes with years? They are leaning their young heads against their mothers, And that cannot stop their tears. The young lambs are bleating in the meadows; The young birds are chirping in the nest, The young fawns are playing with the shadows; The young Howers are blowing towards the west; But the young, young children, 0 my brothers, They are weeping bitterly! They are weeping in the playtime of the others, In the country of the free. eMrs. Browning. It was Xmas eve and William Smith closed the oiiice at college rather boyishly for a bachelor turning grey. Perhaps, Billy, as he was known among the college boys, was happy because the last red F and A+ had just been mailed to the students who were away for the holidays; perhaps, because he had closed the door for Mary J ones, the clerk whom the boys had christened itthe Old Maid? or, perhaps, simply because Billy was sentimental. Anyhow he was happy this evening as he locked the office. The little college was to have a rest for awhile and the ofiice force, bachelor and maid, were bent on their annual Christmas celebra- tion. ,1: FF 3k 3k 9k 3: $ 3 Eleven-thirty found them in front of Wat- sonis, one round of their celebration over. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 71 hhm Earlier in the evening they had visited the toy shops, the childrenis furnishers and had spent some time at the confectionery. Then leaving the beautiful, busy stores, they had gone from house to house in the miserable east side where young children hare leaning their heads against their mothers, 4tAnd that cannot stop their tearsf, and not a child or home they visited but was a little happier for their coming. Now their baskets were empty and all the visits paid, all but one. Maryis purse was empty, but Billy still had four dollars, and, though they had promised faithfully not to get each other presents, he, man-like, had not meant to keep his promise and now insisted that Mary select some present for herself. And Mary wishing to have Billy enjoy everything with her, after some hesitation, decided that they should celebrate the evening with a Christ- mas dinner. They entered Watsons The cafe was al- most deserted at this hour, but they chose a quiet little corner screened off from the rest of the room, free from any disturbance. They were very happy over their feast and sat long enjoying the little glasses .of exquisite, spark- ling wine they had decided to have for the fes- tival occasion. It was twelve oiclock and the Xmas bells were ringing when a crowd of noisy, happy, college boys entered. They came shouting Xmas songs and greetings, bringing with them the joyousness of youth. ' They invaded the whole room, shouting ttChristmas gift? giChristInas gift, everybody? and soon discov- ered the couple in the corner. Then they fell on them laughing, and boy-like and though- lessly shouted, ttMerry Christmas. Nine rahs for tthe Old Maid? ttNine more for tthe Old Bachelor? ttand nine for Merry Christmas? They had not meant to be unkind, nor did the man and woman there feel that they had been. But the itOld Maidli and the tiOld Bachelorl, touched them with a sense of de- ficiency. And when the boys had noisily left, they looked at each other without a word. The pleasure of the wine was all gone now. As her hand lay upon the table, it trembled. Billy took it. ttI love you, Maryf, She did not an- swer; but she did not take herihand away until she rose to go. Billy came round the table to help her on with her canreally he came to take her in his arms. But she resisted with, ttWe are too poor, Billy, we must wait? ttIn a yeareii ttWe will celebrate againvas we did tonight? They walked home silently in the cold night air, only speaking when she faced him in her own door. ttBillyW tCMary 13, Their lips met a moment-tremblingly- sweetlyehopelessly; and then the door closed between-just a maid and a bachelor. grt, 1911mm ant! thilhren WM. L. CONNOR, ,10 Such a title offers an excellent opportunity for a sentimental journey into the land of make-believe. It might embrace anything from the story of Moses in the bulrushes to the pic- ture-story of Willie Westinghouse Edison Smithis newest aeroplane; but, for the sake of convenience the discussion Will be limited to one or two selections from the ttfunny papers? one from the verses of J ohn B. Tabb, and a few more from Stevensonis itChildis Garden of Verse? The purpose of this paper is to pre- sent some material that will help to form gen- eral ideas of how art teaches, what humor is, and what place humor holds in literature of childhood. Furthermore, there need be no ex- cuse made for introducing into a discussion of 72 THE NORMAL ADVANCE K art for children a selection from the comic sup- plement. Its very existence and wide distribu- tion make it the logical place to begin studying the subject. The angle from which the subject is viewed may seem to be an unusually acute one, but it is, nevertheless, a real position, and not an imaginary 0r assumed one. The natural primitive way of acquiring all habits, either physical or psychical, essential to life and well-being, it by play; and play is any activity, hewever severe, that is dominated by the spirit of harmless make-believe. The theory of ttlearn to do by doing, might have had its origin in a much more fundamental principle; i. e., learn to do by playing. But this is not an argument for the ttliterally scissored-outit kind of education. Play or work does not, of itself, make or mar the child, but the doing or dawd- ling does. Literary art does not dawdle. It deals largely with the fundamental problems of life, and teaches, if at all; because the readers make belief with the author, and thus uncon- sciously approach his point of view. It has been assumed that make-believe is the essential and delightful part of play. It is just as essential and delightful in childrenls literature, if not in all literature. Though not an estimate of its educational value, a test of the quality of make-believe in a poem provides a measure of its power for good or evil over the mind of the child. The following lines are from ttThe Tiny Tadst7 of ttfunny-sidM fame. ttAbroad the fiamingocart the tiny Tads are riding, They do not see that other bird Who seems to be in hiding. tiHe is a cockatoomstone and he likes to get. on high, And tumble down with all his weight upon a passerbyP, The make-believe in the first couplet con- sists of the image of a namingo on wheels, and the hiding bird evidently waiting to play a prank on someone. In the second couplet, the hiding bird reveals his ttplayfuli, nature still further, and the third couplet speaks fpr itself. ttSee there! hets gone and done it, right upon a tiny Tad! And then that cockatoomstone laughs as if he felt real glad? In the above quotations the conditions and , situations are rude and unreal; the images of the characters are formed by the very crudest process of the imagination tnot a bad process for those who have no highery, that is, the kind of imagination that sees bears in the back yard Without any ttnear-beartl exciting force; and the action, which is evidently intended to be humorous, arouses in many minds teven child- ish onesy a feeling of disgust. If such stuff is bad, it is so, simply because, in its crudeness, it sets a premium on those qualities of mind which are nearer to the idiots than to the healthy, aspiring childls. In other words, such things dissipate energy rather than stimulate it, thus imposing limitations rather than re- moving them. This is still more evident in the last three couplets. ttThe flamingocart rolls away, leaving one wheel behind; One of the Tads is awful sore, the other al- most blind. it tOh isnt there some medicine to cure our ills? they cry; tThis pain is unsupportable, welre surely go- ing to die 3, ttAn old Doctortoise happens by, he gives them each a grain Of kangarhubarb, pulverised, which soon re- lieves their pain? With the remark that the above lines were chohi because they are an example of the best English that goes into comic supplement THE NORMAL ADVANCE 73 WT verses, let them pass for a moment while ttA Good Playf, from ttChildls Garden of Versefi is considered. The first stanza follows: itWe built a ship upon the stairs ttAll made of the back bedroom chairs, itAnd filled it full of sofa pillows ttTo go a sailing on the billows? The poem is in the first person. The char- acters represented by the pronoun we are per- fectly natural children playing as if they were grown-up and at work as sailors. They are ambitious to be real men and to do real work. They do not play at playing, as do the cocka- toomstone or the tiny Tads, but they play at - working. It is real live make-believe that they are engaged in, so real, indeed, that, if they were questioned in regard to what they are do- ing, they would vigorously assert that they were building a ship in which they intend to go a-sailing 0n the sea. Would the cocka- toomstone defend his game with as good a grace? Let the details of the preparation for the voyage be noticed. The second stanza tells about them. iiWe took a saw and several nails, tcAnd water in the nursery pails; ttAnd Tom said, that us also take ctAn apple and a slice of cake; stVVhich was enough for Tom and me ttTo go a-sailing on, till tea? There is nothing impressionistic about these lines. The author lets the youngsters go right to the point. He certainly appreciates the tendency of children to be both discreet, and, at the same time, ttwhole-souledii in their play. On theoother hand. the author of ttThe Tiny Tadsll sets a premium on recklessness, because he mistakes the lack of consideration shown by children for grown-up affairs with Which they come in contact in their play for a part of the game. Children are careless, it seems, but they admire preparation and foresight, and con- demn carelessness in play more consistnetly than their elders do in work. Discretion and earnestness are two of the biggest things in. play, both from the standpoint of attractive- ness and practical value to the player. Con- sequently there is more fun and more value in tiA Good Playi, than in tiThe Tiny Tads? Before passing to the discussion of humor in childrenls poetry let ttHigh and Lowii by J ohn B. Tabb, be considered for a moment. ttA Boot and a Shoe and a Slipper Lived once in the Cobbler row; But the Boot and the Shoe Would have nothing to do With the Slipper, because she was low. itBut the king and the queen and their daughter On the Cobbler chanced to call; And as neither the Boot Nor the Shoe would suit The Slipper went OH to the ball? The make-believe quality in these lines by Mr. Tabb rests chiefly in the personification of inanimate objects, regular fable make-believe, Which is probably never as attractive as the realistic qualities of ttA Good Play? What has been said earlier in this paper may be qualified Without reflection on any child by the assertion that ttThe Tiny Tadsii is probably more attrac- tive to children than ttHigh and Low? The chances are, too, that the comic supplement has more influence on the child provided with both, than a poem of this. type, because the teaching in ttHigh and Low, must be cast into the form of a moral platitude before it can take effect. Perhaps it would be vfairer to say that it usual- ly is moralized upon before the reader has worked it into his nervous system, and thus a part of its power is lost. In other words, the fable, either in prose 0r verse, is a conventional expression of more or less conventional truth, and this commonplace form of expression fails to hold the attention of the reader. 74 ., THE NORMAL ADVANCE There is a sentence in the poem, which, to the adult mind, is simply a symbol, i. e., an alle- gorical expression. It is, ttBut the Boot and the Shoe iiWould have nothing to do thith the Slipper because she was lowfi but to the child there is just a slight touch of the tragic in the presentation of the Boot and the Shoe in contrast with the Slipper. But when iiThe Slipper went 011' to the ball? the quick reverse of aifairs produces a gleeful bit of humor. A change from make-believe to reality in the last stanza of tiA Good Playit is similar in its psychological effect. J ust here a short discussion of the general nature of humor will not be amiss. Wit has been defined as the explosion resulting from an attempt to compound incompatible ideas. Likewise, humor is the amusing fizzle resulting from the social intermingling of incongruous characters in every day life. Humor is always commonplace. In art, it is the result of hold- ing up to gaze, individuals between whom there is a striking, though not painful, contrast. Though the association must be unusual in a way that excites sympathetic emotion, yet if it causes the conscious expression of sympathy it passes the bounds of humor and approaches pathos. But the spirit of wit when its object is a human being, makes ridicule or derision out of humorous materials. As an emotion, then, humor stands between wit and ridicule, or derision, on one hand , and pathos on the other. Wit concerns a clash between ideas; rid- icule, or derision, a purposely unpleasant, yet laugh-provoking clash between individuals; i and pathos, a more or less painful clash made pleasant by the expression of sympathetic emotion; humor, an amusing clash between in- dividuals exciting a common feeling of pleas- ure for all concerned. So these feelings might be traced back and forth in either direction until they approach the limit of sarcasm at one end or the limit of tragedy at the other. But the interest of the discussion centers about humor, the kiIi'dliest and the justest to human nature of all the feel- ings produced by artistic means. In another poem, iiOf speckled eggs the birdie sings, And nests among the trees; The sailor sings of ropes and things, In ships upon the seas. ttThe children sing in far J apan, The children sing in Spain; The organ with the organ-man Is singing in the rainf Stevenson describes, in the first stanza, birds singing of nests, and sailors singing of the sea. ' The contrast is beautiful but it is only a taste , of the delightful humor of the last stanza, in Which he describes the singing children from foreign lands, then quickly turns the picture to the familiar organ-man and his organ singing in the rain. It is no unusual thing on reading these verses to a group of children to have , them run laughing to the Windows to see and hear the organ-man, then, on being disappoint- ed, to demand that the verses be read again and again, never tiring of them, nor leaving them until some stronger stimulus diverts their attention. Such is the vividness and freedom of the picture, such its gentle incongruity that nothing can disturb the pleasure in it. This is childrenis humor, the simplest and purest form of artistically produced emotional effects. It is not sorrow, ugliness, nor sin converted into a smile by an unusual turn. It is not cari- cature, as is iiThe Tiny Tadsii It is purity and joy. One more admonition from Stevenson for the tired reader, and the paper is done. iHk Birdie with a yellow bill tfHopped upon the window sill; itCocked his shining eye and said: it tAintt you ,shamed you sleepy head? THE NORMAL ADVANCE 75 $epartment of gamut Eb: iBratticaI 9th: of $bysital acumapby WM. A. McBETH The great question in connection with an educational subject nowadays is apt to have some such statement as ttWhat is its practical valueWi ttHow will it help in making a livingW ttWhat is its relation to my chosen work or profession'w It has come to be recognized in the organization of courses of study not only in the university where specialization is expected, but in the high school where breadth of culture might be profitably sought, and even in the grades where the ttelementstl of an education adapted to all pupils would seem to be of pri-i mary importance. This question of practical value is particular- ly manifest in the choice of studies where a range of electives is provided when those sub- jects considered most necessary or useful are chosen to the exclusion of those having greater culture value, often combined though they may be With as much utility. This tendency and outgrowth of a materialis- tic and utilitarian age, shows itself in all grades and kinds of schools. In the grades there is no difliculty in getting students to devote a due proportion of time to arithmetic, it is their ideal of utility. The real diiiiculty, indeed, often is to prevent the devo- tion of too much time to that subject. Gram- mar is generally neglected in the same schools because children, having acquired a good de gree of proficiency in the use of language dis- like the work or do not discern the advantage of acquiring elegance and accuracy in its use. In the normal school as in other special schools, ttall roads lead to Rome? i. e., to the ' ' object of getting through a course that will en- able the student to begin a chosen line of work. To teach school there are certain subjects that must be well in mind before the candidate can hope to succeed. He knows proficiency in these is considered in any school into which he may go as of prime importance. Let a teacher go into any nine out of ten schools in the country weak in his arithmetic and every one in his dis- ' trict, in school or out, and almost every one in all the surrounding districts, will know it with- in a month. Hence, all classes in arithmetic in all the normal schools are crowded. Grammar which is neglected in the grades and high schools is here an object of great solicitude. Candidates for the teachers position must know some grammar and have some proficiency in the use of language. Some subjects can be slurred over or. gotten through with some way, and these have come habitually to be neglected. And they are also commonly neglected in the schoolroom by the teacher who has neglected them in his course of study. There is no better argument for a requirement of thorough prep- aration by those intending to teach than this at- titude of mind and practice. By way of comparison with other subjects much may be said of the educational value of physical geography, of the opportunity for ob-. servation, of cultivation of the reasoning power, and 0f the creative imagination of its import- ance as an aid in the interpretation of history, literature, art and economics, but for those who prefer to emphasize the practical element it has also its eminently utilitarian side. Suppose a man is considering the question of migrating to a different part of the country from where he now lives, it might be from the vicinity of Terre Haute to some other part of the state. He should observe what any well informed student of physical geography knows, that five-sixths of the state is in the t4 Jlacial Plain? which embraces most of the states lying 7.6 north of the Ohio and Missouri rivers, that this plain is a region of unusual fertility and that the probability is slight of his finding in any other part of the country a region of such high average richness. If he keep within this region in Indiana he will need be concerned mainly to notice whether the land is or may be well drained, whether it is too stony or gravelly to be fertile or easily farmed, or whether it is too undulating or hilly or has been farmed too hard to be rich. In the unglaciated part of the state the kind of soil depends on the kind of bed rock on which it lies and from which it has been formed by weathering. If the rock is sandstone or shales the soil may be poor, the sandstone weathering to a sandy soil while the shale may turn to a blue or gray clay soil of 10W fertility and difiicult drainage. Limestone often weathers to a red clay soil of good quality particularly for Wheat, tobacco and grass. The famous Kentucky Blue Grass country is a lime- stone region, and some of the limestone soil of southern Indiana is quite as good. In driving about over this unglaciated part of the state one will Within a few miles en- counter several varieties of soil, some good and some very poor, the difference often showing in adjoining farms or in different parts of the same filed. It may be said that hood plain or so-called ttbottomti lands are fertile wherever found. This difference in soil shows itself dis- tinctly in diiference in price of land in the dif- ferent sections of the state. There are good rea- sons for farms selling for ten or fifteen dollars per acre in parts of southern Indiana as com- pared With prices of from one hundred to one hundred fifty dollars per acre in many places in the central and northern part. We have often heard of abandoned farms in Pennsylvania, New York and New England, and have wondered when seeing illustrations of picturesque and comfortable looking farm houses With numerous barns and outbuildings, With splendid clumps of trees and romantic stretches of road, why such a beauty spot should be deliberately left to fall to ruin, but, THE NORMAL ADVANCE if you should visit some of the places and walk over the farm your wonder would suddenly cease. Many of such farms have half the sur- face of bare rock from off which the soil has been swept by water and ice, and where soil is found it is so thin, Stony and poor that the most diligent industry meets with but poor re- ward. So a study in some detail of the physical regions of the United States or of North America or of any other country will reveal the possibilities and perhaps the dangers of any given part. . Most people if asked Why the region around the southern half of Hudson Bay is devoid of railways, cities and other signs of habitation, attribute this condition to the coldness of the climate. This is not the right explanation at all. The region some distance west of Hudson Bay is inhabited, much further to the north, in fact wheat, barley, oats and potatoes grow and mature as far north as Lake Athabaska. The region around Hudson Bay has been swept bare of its soil by the great ice sheet which dragged it south, spreading it over the 'north- ern United States, forming the rich Glacial Plain previously mentioned. Winnipeg, with a climate as severe as that of the country about the southern part of Hudson Bay is surrounded by a region of great fertility, the land of great and productive wheat fields, the bed of a former great, lake, drained of most of its waters, Lake Winnipeg, much smaller, now remaining in the lowest part of the old lake bed. One could safely move to the part of Missouri north of the Missouri river, as that is within the Glacial Plain, but south of the river a moun- i tainous plateau with rough surface and thin soil occupies much of that part of the state and offers but poor inducements to the home seeker. Eastern N ebraska and N ortheastern Kansas are the choice regions of those states because they be in the edge of the Glacial Plain, but further west the soil becomes a thin residual product of the underlying rocks often very poor. An additional line of inquiry regarding any region would refer to climatic conditions, such as the amount of rainfall during the year and when most abundant, the average temperature, the range from highest to lowest, the length of the growing season, and the length of winters, as a knowledge of such facts would enable the in- quirer to determine the kind of crops he can raise, the probable danger of drought or frost, the length of time stock must be fed and other things affecting his profits or his comfort. So coastal plain, eastern and western plateaus, mountains and valleys might be char- acterized so that no one would be misled who should be cautious enough to investigate before making a final choice. The subject of weather study is very gener- ally considered with distrust if not with con- tempt, but few subjects furnish a finer field for mental training. The interdependence of its controlling factors and the cumulative result of determining and associating these factors, form a unit of study seldom excelled. Few at first thought, however, admit the practical value of a knowledge of the data and conclu- sions of this science. One of the best results of weather study is the correction of a large number of age Old errors that have been used as stock explanations of weather and climatic phenomena far back of the memory of the oldest inhabitant. Who remembers how anciently, or on the other hand how lately the heavy rainfall of our western coast was explained as due to the West- erly winds from the warm J apan current being cooled by contact With the cold mountain slopes, when in fact they are turned up the slopes of the mountains and are cooled by ex- pansion as they rise into the less dense air above. And how many still explain the great desert in Northern Africa by saying that moun- tains shut out the rain bearing winds from that region. .This explanation is a pure fabrication and an indication of careless or thoughtless ignorance as a glance at any good map will show that the Sahara is not surrounded by mountains or even bordered by them any where for any great distance. The desert is due to its THE NORMAL ADVANCE 77 situation in the northern belt of trade winds blowing dry and with rising temperature out of the descending air of the tropical calms over- lying Southern Europe and Central Asia in winter and the adjacent Atlantic ocean in sum- mer, and always ready to receive moisture rather than to give it out. But these are only examples of numerous misconceptions that ac- curate and thorough knowledge would dispel. The principles of the well known forecasts of the present and following days weather is- sued by the Weather Bureau, are as easily un- derstood and learned by the average student as any other branch of knowledge. An advantage is gained too in an appreciation of the real value of the work of this department of the government. The saving of property by storm warnings, frost and cold wave predictions un- doubtedly far outweighs the cost of its main- tenance. There is a long list of facts of weather science which are coming to be of value to the general public, and particularly to those whose business depends on weather conditions. Farm- ers, gardeners, builders, and housewives will come to profit more and more by learning and understanding these facts. Farmers and garden- ers might gain such knowledge of the moist- ure and temperature conditions of the air, that rain, dew 0r frost may be expected with a rea- sonable degree of certainty. The statement may be received with surprise and incredulity, but the scientific farmer, gardener or fruit grower will in the future have his weather in- struments and laboratory to his frequent and real profit. He will have a barometer, which in connection with his wet and dry bulb ther- mometers and observation of the direction of the wind and the possession, if .possible, of the latest weather map will enable him to prepare for changes in the weather. His wet and dry thermomter will tell him of the moisture con- ditions in his plant rooms or green houses, and will enable him to forecast a frost a few hours before hand, often in time to avoid its dangers to his growing plants or blooming vines or trees. The housewife could use her knowledge 78 to explain why her house-plants need so much 'water, why her furniture cracks, and perhaps Why she or members of her family take cold so easily, when shelearns that the warm air of a living room in winter becomes-very dry and needs an increase of moisture in the air by the evaporation of water in the room. The farmer, gardener or fruit grower, it has been stated, may predict frost, but what of it, would not that add to his discomfort only? No, there are already in use means of warding OR the effects of frost. The well-known device of covering plants or small bushes can be used profitably, or the artificial production of cloud and warmth for orchards, vineyards and valuable garden and field crops may be employed. Vine growers in France and other European coun- tires have for many years past protected their vines from late spring frosts by lighting smudgy fires at frequent intervals around and - through the vineyards. This is done just be- fore sunrise. A cloud of smoke from the fires spreads over the field and prevents harm. Orchards in bloom in spring have been pro- tected or saved from much harm by the burn- ing of heaps of straw, part of each heap being damp so as to produce much smoke which spreads through and over the trees, producing the protective cloud. No doubt the warmth of the air could be increased considerable by burn- ing through a night when frost threatens heaps of wood or coal at intervals in the orchard or lield. In one case piles of brush taken from the limbs of the trees in pruning the orchard were burned in hope of saving the fruit crop and the result seemed to be very fortunate. This was done as. an emergency resort and not as a result of intentional preparation, but the ex- periment suggests the possibility of plan and preparation for such emergencies. No doubt THE NORMAL ADVANCE fields of valuable crops as tomatoes, tobacco or i even corn could be profitably saved in the same way. Much expense and trouble would be saved 1 in such cases if the owner could predict after 1 nightfall the possible frost of the following 7 morning, and within a certain range of prob- ability this can be done. Great difference be- : tween the wet and dry thermometers with an ' air temperature as low as 500 or 550 indicates danger, as a considerable fall of temperature . would occur before dew point is reached. Slight difference as 20 to 50 would indicate approach 2 to dew point. Dew point can be found by any 3 one by taking a bright tin cup half full of : water of the temperature of the air and cool- 3 ing it by pouring in ice water, stirring it at the same time with a thermometer until a film of mist suddenly clouds the bright surface of the cup. By reading the thermometer used when . the mist appears dew point Will be indicated. 4 , If this temperature is safely above freezing point say 500 or even 450 there is little danger of frost, as the weather observer knows that the ' ' temperature remains stationary at dew point. This would suggest an easy and very good test for prediction that of ruuning the fingers through the grass of the lawn or meadow to . see if dew is forming. If the grass be wet with ' dew and the temperature is at 450 or 500 there is little danger of frost. The steady temperature of dewy nights and of rainy or snowy days is explained as being due to the liberation of the heat which keeps the vapor in the vapor state when the vapor is condensed. T here are many other secrets of this science that reveal themselves to the diligent student but enough it is hoped have been mentioned to suggest the profit as well as the fascination of the subject. It is a cold lifeless business when you go to the shops to buy something, which does not represent your life and talent, but a gold- smithis. eEmerson . THE NORMAL ADVANCE letter to Santa Dear Santa, you may take the things youtve made For me to love and play With all this year To other little girls Who live real near; And, if you need more dollies, I have laid t My dollie in the arm-chair Where we played Today, and you may take her way from here For any child you know. But Santa dear, Please wontt you bring my papa? Mammahs ,fraid You cantt, but I am not. J ust put him down I, the arm-chair by the fire, When bed-time comes, So we can play till mamma brings my gown, And dresses me for bed, and softly hums, ttGood-nightPePll kiss them both the sweetest way, And Santa, won,t you let my papa stay? e-W. L. 0. 70. 79 iTHE NORMAL ADVANCE hepartment at iBeDagugy , . Eb: $reat weather Gmater love hath no man than this, that a mam lay down his life for his friends. HE greatest lesson which Jesus taught the 6 world was the lesson of self-sacriflce. It is this spirit and principle as He taught it in His life that permeates our thought, our art and our institutions today and makes life worth living. Whether it is called Christianity or is termed that larger humanism which embraces all human interests is immaterial. It is this spirit that lies back of every great deed in human life. It sends Father Damien to com- fort the lepers. It hearkens t0 the ravages of the Bubonic Plague and Offers solace and suc- cor. It hastens to Galveston in her distress. It carries hope to the survivors of Martinique. It is present at San Francisco and at. Messina to rescue and rebuild. Whether disaster comes on land, or down in the mine, or on the sea, this spirit is present to minister to sorrow, and to relieve sulfering. Every hospital that gives its skill and healing to the sick and maimed was built by this spirit. Every asylum for the af- flicted and defective is its products Every home for orphans that offers to take the place of mother love came from its hand. The spirit is enthroned in the hearts of men and through their lives. He still teaches this lesson today. This is the spirit of the Christmas tide through which He still proclaims peace on earth, good will toward men. 3?? 3 ESUS was the very embodiment of per- ; sonal righteousness, and as such was the culmination of the spirit manifested in the Hebrew people. In His life and in His teach- ing everywhere He impressed upon men and women the thought that God is a spirit and that they must worship Him in spirit and in truth. He condemned formal worship where- John XV: 13. ever He came upon it and exalted always that itancz'ent sacriytce, An humble and a contm'te heart? if??? IS greatest strength as a teacher lay in His matchless presence. His was a kindly, sympathetic, sincere personality which at once put men and women and children at ease and made them forget to be afraid as they told Him their troubles and unburdened their souls. Herein He is the supreme model for all teachers. He taught infinitely more by ex- ample than by precept. 8883' ESUS has perfect self-control. He was 3 not given to anger. Even when He drove the money-changers from the temple there was no display of temper. In His life He teaches a lesson in poise which every teacher will do well to emulate. 3??? E taught respect for law and authority. g He said many times that he came not to destroy but to fulfill the law. He taught men that real obedience to law considers the content as well as the form, and that the latter kills but the spirit makes alive. When His enemies asked Him if it was lawful to pay tribute, He asked to see a coin upon which He pointed out the image of Caesar, and simply told them to render to Caesar thethings that are Caesarts and to God the things that are God,s. He taught men to be masters instead of slaves to the institutions. Time and again when He healed some one on the Sabbath day He was accused of breaking the law, and he always placed the spirit ahove the letter in his in- THE NORMAL ADVANCE terpretation and reply. And when they at- ., tempted to rebuke Him for' permitting His dis- ciples to pluck and eat corn on the Sabbath day, He told them that the Sabbath was made for man and not man for the Sabbath. In this He clearly taught that we, the people are the institutions. 83?? HEN He said, ttYe shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free? He put in this expression the insight of , all the philosophy and pedagogy before and since His day. For truth must come first through right thinking. And beauty is but tcthe splendor of the trueli as shown in the ex- pression of ideals. Furthermore, all the free- dom that humanity has realized and expressed in conduct and right doing is but the measure of the truth it has known. It was Jesus who first taught that in the deeds of men the high- est expression of beauty is to be found. 33?? E believed in the dignity of work and em- phasized this belief in His life and ex- pressions. He was himself a carpenter and He sought His companions and His disciples in the work-a-day world. It is His abiding sympathy for the poor, His constant defense of them, and the hope He brought to them that have ap- pealed to men through all the ages. 3 3 3 3 ESUS taught that in the spiritual realm j the more one spends the more he has; that love multiplies in good deeds; that to give is more blessed than to receive; that to lose ones 81 life in the service of others is to save it. When He said that the Son of Man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, Heexpressed one of the elements essential to success in the life of every teacher. $33? ESUS taught concretely. He knew the people whom He taught and He chose the most fitting illustrations. He used the imagery of His day and he who would understand the significance of His parables must study the manners and customs of that day. He used the commonest experiences of every day life and drew from them the great truths. He wished to teach. Sometimes it was the sewer who went forth- to sow. Sometimes it was the good Samaritan. Sometimes it was the prodigal son. Sometimes it was the story of the talents, or it was the fig tree, or the mustard seed, or the woman at the well and the water of life. So they marveled and said that never man spake as this one. ???3 E taught and did His work wherever and whenever He found work to do. He took into consideration the conditions of His day and taught men to do so. He adjusted himself to the conditions as He found them. He went about doing good. Sometimes He taught as He walked. Sometimes when the multitudes came unto Him He taught them from a ship while they stood on the shore. His message was one of hope and crowds followed Him hungry for the Bread of Life. -Jframis 51H. gataIket. ttWe live in deeds, not yearsein thoughts, not - breaths- In feeling, not in figures on a dial. We count time by heart-throbs. He most lives Who thinks most, feels the noblest, acts the best? --Baz'ley. T II E Gib: 3mm library The new library of the Indiana State Normal School is now practically finishedwa model of beauty and convenience. The contract for this building was let Aug. 6, 1907, and Will prob- ably be received by the board of trustees be- NORMAL ADVANCE 0 building in the state devoted to library pur- poses and is a durable and magnificent monu- ment to our great system of common schools. The meaning and purpose of this building is well typified in the dome, which sheds its beau- fore the lst of January, thus requiring two years and five months for its construction. The legislature of 1907 appropriated $99,970 for this purpose, but other sums have been taken from the library and maintenance funds of the institution, from time to time, for enlarging the site and the purchase of stacks and furnishings, until the total cost has necessarily reached nearly $150,000. The result isi the handsomest tiful soft light over the reading room. In a setting of Opalescent art glass, there is, in the zenith of the dome, a reproduction in oil of Raphaelts figure symbolizing Philosophy, which, in the broad mediaeval usage, included all the liberal arts and sciences. The original is found in the ceiling of the most magnificently ' decorated room in the world, the Camera della Segnatura in the Vatican palace at Rome. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 83 Below this figure there is a series of twenty- four wreathed medallions pierced by flaming torches. with an Open book in the center of each wreath. Beneath the torches and wreaths are the names of noted philosophers and educators from the earliest t0 the present time. including the names of six Indiana educators, which oc- cupy the last quadrant. It seemed fitting to tions, beginning With an extract from the Or- dinance Of 1787, which gave educational free- dom t0 the Northwest. gcEducation shall be forever encouraged? followed by another ex- tract from the first Constitution of the State of Indiana, 1816, ttKnowledge and learning, generally diffused through a community, es sential t0 the preservation of a free govern- thetinr $2tn library represent the school in this list and on the re- quest 0f.the faculty and hundreds of students, Mr. Parsons7 protest was over-ruled and his name placed in the dome, as a tribute to his long and honorable career as a student of the first graduating class and a life time of ser- vice t0 the institution and the state. On the lower part of the dome are inscrip- mentW Attention is here also called to the Constitution of 1851, which gave ttA general and uniform system of common schools? and t0 the Act of the legislature of 1865,1Which estab- lished the Indiana State Normal School for the ttPreparation of teachersf, The removal of the books to the new quarters will doubtless begin within a few days. In or- 84 der that the steel shelving 0f the old library might be removed to the new building, it was necessary some months ago to store the books on the floor of the reading room. Although this was done with regard to an orderly arrange- ment, it has nevertheless seriously inconveni- enced the use of the books during the term now closing. Library work was not by any means abandoned. Approximately twenty-live hun- dred volumes were dug out of the piles and placed on the tables in the old stack room, which was fitted up as a temporary reading room. For the transfer of the books, a number of long, shallow trays will be constructed out of dry goods boxes, with strips on the sides over- lapping at the ends to serve as handles. Each ' THE NORMAL ADVANCE - aw of these trays may be loaded with twelve or fif- teen lineal feet of books and carried by two men across the street to the stacks provided in the new building. Of course the books will be thoroughly cleaned and kept in order as they are placed in trays ready for the transfer. Before the fifty thousand books were re- moved from the old shelves, a careful plan was made of their arrangement in the new stack robin. In other words, it is known just what books will occupy not only each Iioor 0f the stack and special rooms, but also the classes of books that Will occupy every range and section. The shelves will first be clearly marked and the books will then be carried directly to their per- manent places. Numerous, indeed, are the hearts to which Christmas brings a brief season of happiness and enjoyment. How many families whose members have been dispersed and scattered far and wide, in the restless struggles of life, are then reunited, and meet once again in that happy state of companionship and mutual good-will, which is a source of such pure and unalloyed delight, and one so incompatable with the care and sorrows of the world, that the religious belief of the most civilized nations, and the rude traditions of the roughest savages, alike number it among the first joys of a future state of existence, provided for the blest and happy! How many old recollections, and how many dormant sympathies, does Christmas time awaken! -0harles Dickens. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 85 The, Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR Editor-in-Chief WALDO F. MITCHELL ............. Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN - - ............ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ...... . - . -Society Editor JESSE Woon . . . .. ................. Athletic Editor W. R. VALENTiNE ............ HARRY Howtcx ............. CHLOE HoUGm-ON ................ Senior Editor GRACE COLGLAZIER .................. Junior Editor CLYDE SHAW . - i . . - ........ Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross ................. College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF WM. 0. WINKLER . . . ............ Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS .............. Advertising Managers ADA! Bowman ........... - . Circulation Manager BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ex-chio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman Anmun CUNNINGHAM, WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0.. Secretary WM. H. CAIN. '10. MR. SCHOPMEYER. l11 WM. UNVERFETH, 12 g Local an'd Alurnni Editors Published monthly from October to J une, inclusive. Terms ..................... $1.00 per Year Single apies . . . .............. 10 Cents Commencement Number ----------------- 35 Cent Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE. Tem Haute, Ind. ' Upon change of address immediame notify THE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terre Haute post 017m as second class mail matter. ttThe early bird catches the worm, but it is the early worm that is canght? Moral: keep on singing. IMPORTAZV T ! t4General Provisions as to the Admission of Publications as Second-Class Matter.-Sec. 436 -3. A reasonable time will be allowed pub- lishers to secure renewals of subscriptions, but unless subscriptions are expressly renewed after the term for which they are paid, within the following periods: at a: 3k Monthlies, With- four months; at l: :k 5': they shall not be counted in the legitimate list of subscribers, and copies mailed on account thereof shall not be acoepted for mailing atthe second-class rate of one cent a pound? The above rule was made to rid the mails of the burdensome number of cheap periodicals kept up by the advertisers of cheap goods and ttfakesf, and mailed, at second-class rates, to every obtainable address. While it works a hardship on the subscribers to honest publica- tions, we feel, that for the sake of improved postal service, all concerned should cheerfully comply with the regulation. We shall discon- tinue all subscriptions not paid after the issue of the J anuary number. Kindly attend to the $ side of this matter at once, that your AD- VANCE may arrive promptly. POPULAR INTEREST IN SCHOOLS On all sides is seen the beginning of a demonstration by the people for public schools that will meet their real needs. Labor unions are agitating a demand for industrial training, and, at the same time, endeavoring to raise their members to an economic standard that Will permit them to enjoy some of the culture, i. e., high-class books, pictures, and music, that they only hear about in their present condition. In a popular contribution to one of Bostonls great dailies the following significant state- ments are made: ttWhen pedagogy steps out- side the Cloister in which she is yet immured, she will become a contributing instead of a wholly supported social institution. 3k l: i Scholasticism has always gone deep into a. mouldy past to get ready for some far 01f future; it has always postponed the present, what must be done, until often the ability to do, if not the inclination, has been all but frit- tered away. i a: at ttEducation is too big a subject for any one class of people to do all that must be done to give proper training? Teachers are making every day the mistakes that leave them and their profession open to the above criticism. It should not be resented or laughed at, but it should be carefully con- sidered in hopes of making pedagogy a larger contributor to the happiness and welfare of humanity. SCHOOL 00 URTESY We believe that there is all courtesy due I. S. N., her student body, and her faculty from every man and woman connected with the school. Therefore, what follows in the name of the school, though unauthoritative, we believe will be heartily endorsed. Where were we, the students and teachers of the Indiana State Normal School, reared that we are to be spoken of by some in our midst as an inferior breed, the products of homes- minus? Many of us admit that we have been near the line which separates the tthaveslt from the tthave-notsfl Many of us are there now, as the world judges, and even as scholars judge. But all of us are sacrificing some present pleas- ures and successes with hopes of attaining larger and more useful lives; and most of us are happy in what we are doing. lVe are not a itbunchl, of ttknockersf though a few such char- acters mingle with us. Neither are we self- satisfied. Very few of us are proud enough to ' look down on anybody, and fewer 'still are ser- .vile enough to worship less than God. But you few in our midst who say aloud that those Hoosier fathers and mothers whose lives gave us birth and breeding were unworthy of their holy task, we tolerate you while we must, and daily hope for your passing to the society of more congenial souls. We shall miss you just enough to sincerely wish you joy. FAITH IN 1. 8.1V. . Usefulness depends on FAITH; faith in the importance of the task at your hand; faith in your ability to do the work; and faith, a large - THE NORMAL ADVANCE E r - - and abiding faith, in the material on whieh i you work, faith in its origin and in its ultimate end, or destiny,efor you and for nqe,eFAIT-H IN I . S. N. We wish to call your attention to the business men who have contributed to the success of the ADVANCE by using advertising space this month. They are the men who are entitled, to a large share of your holiday shopping. Tell them you saw their ttadti in the ADVANCE. They will appreciate it, and it Will help the paper. CHAPEL TALKS The school has been treated to some very fine addresses from the chapel platform dur- ing the past month. Such inspiring talks make students glad they are part of I. S. N. Among the most interesting and illuminating addresses were Prof. Baconls gtA King Without a King- dom? Dr. Rettgerls ttJordan 0n Darwinism? Prof. Curryts ttThe Parable of the Talents? and Dr. Dryer,s ttChapel Talka7 and ttCom- ments on Other Phases of Darwin and the Parable of the Talents? The ADVANCE con- gratulates students who have not missed chapel exercises the past month. We have put forth every effort to make this number of the ADVANCE a paper that you,will be glad to take home with you at the end of the term. As far as we could, we have made it a holiday paper, yet we have kept it, ab0ve all, true to I. S. N. A Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to you all. 3113b: iBrwmt $in School $ystein EDITOR ADVANCE: In the voluminous criticism of our present school system the high school has come in for its share by the laymen, as it were, of the edu- cational world. Even the profane newspaper must have its say. An article by James P. Monroe in the ttWorldis Werklt has been picked out for comment by the editor of the Indian- apolis News. Mr. Monroets conclusion is that the present high school system is a failure. He bases this on the relatively small percentage of children T 1,7- A. Www.?qt THE NORMAL ADVANCE . 87 who 9' i0 high school. He lays the blame for this t 'he fact. that, the average high school is nothir better than a preparatory school for the e 'ieges, and the unpopularity of the latter is con mnnicated t0 the high school. Tln nditor of the Indianapolis News states that T Monroeis ngreswabout ten per cent of all wheel childreneof high schuol attend- ance. admitted to be high, and that both high x Ymols and colleges have never been more popn' :' than at present. He admits that high SChovV shape their courses of study largely to fit- tl: sindent for college, and deplores that high i llOOl life and activity is rather 21 humor- ous iriniatui-e 0f the same things in college. He says. t'They have their fraternities, their school teann and colors and yells? and even the ttpromW a re mimicked in the school dances and hops. He concludes, tt'ITherefore, there are reasons why so many of those Who graduate from t he grades stop With them. In our opinion it is not becauselof the nature of the high school coursese-whatever one may think of them-but because they wish to go to work, or because their parents do not feel that they can afford- to keep them in school. $ at $5 The real question is whether in the future we are to have any thing like higher education, any attention given to really cultural subjects. 5; t :k The high schools have failedeif they have failedwsimply because they do not do real high school work? In a word. it seems that both the newspaper and the magazine writers are objecting to the work in the high school. The great number of comments and criticisms 0n the present system coming from all sources makes it well worth while for the pedagogical world to give the conditions careful consideration, and not to go placidly on its way rejoicing in the belief that every thing is as it should be. CATHERINE STAFF. gtbletits VARSITY BASKE BALL The prospects for a Winning basket ball team at I. S. N. are better than have been for several years. The inter-class games are bring- ing to light some very good material. Prof. Kimmell has charge of the varsity squad and gives the boys a stiff workout every afternoon. The boys play their first game with Purdue at Lafayette on December 17. Prof. Kimmel has arranged the following schedule. December 21ePurdue at Lafayette. January 7eRose at K. of C. hall. J anuary 14-Franklin at F ranklin. January 20-Butler. January 28eEastern Terre Haute. F ebruary 4e0pen. February lleRose tnot certaint. February 18e0pen. February 25eEastern Illinois at Charleston. Prof. Kimmel has written to the State Nor- Illinois Normal at inal School at Normal, 111., for a game, but as yet they have not agreed upon a certain date. Interest in inter-Class basket ball is running very high at I. S. N. Some' very interesting games have been played and more are promised. The most interesting game of the season was the game between the Seniors and Sophomores on November 22, Which resulted in a tie, 6-6, at the end of the secend half. In playing off the tie, after three numbers of play, Ray drop-' ped in a pretty one from the field and the Seniors had won 8-6. The Seniors are holding the record set by the classes of t08 and 709, hav- ing yet to be defeated. The game Thursday be- tween Sophs and Seniors was postponed out of a respect to Mr. Ray, whose mother died VVed-nes- day morning, December 8. J uniors 24 Position College Course Friedman ........ Forward ............ Rowe Bass, McCollough. Forward ....... Fitzpatrick Whitaker ....... t. . Center ............ Barbre 88 A. Bowles ........ Guard ............. Jared Bash ............. Guard. McCloud, Needles Field goals, Friedman 6, Bowles 2, McCol- lough 1, Bash 1, Rowe 1, Fitzpatrick 1. Foul goals, Bowles 4, Rowe 1. November '22. Seniors 8 Position Sophomores 6 Ray .............. Forward. . . . Unverferth C. Montgomery ..Forward ....... F. Bowles Nugent ........... Center. . .. Lucas, J ackson Christy ........... Guard ............. Shaw Laughlin ..Guard.... J. Montgomery Goals from field, Nugent 1, Montgomery 1, Ray 1, Unverferth 2, Bowles. Foul goals, Laughlin 2, Bowles 1. December 2. Seniors 34 Position College Course 6 C. Montgomery . ..F0rward. . . .. . Fitzpatrick Ray ............. Forward ............ ' Rowe Nugent ........... Center ............ Barbre Mitchell, Laughlin .......... Guard .......... McCloud Millholland, Christy ........... Guard ............. J ared Goals from field, Ray 7, Montgomery 5, Nug- ent 4, Laughlin, Rowe 2, Fitzpatrick. F rom foul, Laughlin 5, Ray 2, Mitchell, McCloud 2, F itzpatrick 1. December 2. J uniors 21 Position Sophomores 23 Bass ............. Forwardn .Bowles, Bird Friedman ........ F orward ...... Unverferth. -Whitaker ......... Center. . . . J ackson, Lucas Bash ............ '. Guard ...... Montgomery Sink .............. Guard ..... Shaw, Martin Field goals, Shaw, Bowles 2, Unverferth 3, J ackson 2, Martin 1. Goals from foul, Bass, Unverferth 4, Bird 1. December 6. J uniors 9 Position Seniors 21 Bass, Sink .Forward ............. Ray Friedman . . . .Forward ..... Montgomery Whitaker ......... Center ........... Nugent Bash ............. Guard. . . .- ..... Laughlin THE NORMAL IADVANCE McCullough . . .Guard ........... Christy 1 Goals from field, Bass 2, Friedman 1, Bash, 1 Ray 2, Nugent, Montgomery 4, Laughlin 3. Foul goals, Bash, Ray. December 6. Sophomores 22 Position College Course 5 Bowles, Bird .Forward .......... Needles Unverferth . . . .Forward ............ Rowe J ackson .......... Center ....... Fitzpatrick Shaw ............. Guard ............ Barbre Montgomery, Martin ............ Guard .......... McCloud Goals from field, Bowles, Unverferth 3, J ackson, Shaw, Montgomery 2, Bird 2, Rowe 2. Foul goals, Montgomery, Bird, Rowe 2, Fitzpatrick. HIGH SCHOOL BASKET BALL ROBERT PARSONS, Reporter On November 12 the Seniors played their first game with the Freshies, beating them 31 to 2. The J uniors also won easily over the Sophs 32 to 2. The following week the Sophs con- quered the Freshies 34-9. The Junior-Senior game was spirited but had to be called off in the second half on account of roughness. The standing of the teams at present is as follows: Won. Lost. P.C. J uniors ............. 3 0 1,000 Seniors ............. 2 1 . .666 Sophomores ......... 2 2 .500 Freshmen ........... 0 4 .000 The High School varsity squad has begun practice and expects to turn out a. strong team. Nearly all of last year1s team are at work, Charman, Neukom, Gillum, Seeburger, Fitz- patrick, Reagan, Luanagon, also Whissen and Cox. Mr. Kimmel has scheduled a number of games, some of Which are to be played as double-headers With the Normal games. All of the games Will be played on the Normal Hoor. Schedule: December 17-Clayton, Ind. J anuary 7-Open. J anuary 14-Wiley. ' J anuary 21-Paris, Ill. THE 'NORMAL ADVANCE 89 M J anuary 28eMarshall. February lleBrazil. February 18-Open. February 25-eWiley. 3?. 51a. Y. M. 0. A. The Y. M. C. A., during the last month has been trying as best it can to carry out the aims as stated in the previous articles of the AD- VANCE. We have been handicapped somewhat in our work by the fact that we have no definite headquarters where the boys can meet to talk over questions which ought necessarily to be considered, but we are looking forward to next term with high hopes of having a room where every man will feel free to come at any time. Since the last article was written, a new committee tVisiting Committeey has been add- ed to the cabinet. The aim of this committee will be to iind out about any sickness, should there be any, report to the faculty committee, and go or send some representative to help in any way possible. The chairman is Mr. Henry and the association would be pleased to have anyone knowing of any sickness to notify him immediately, so that the association may be of some practical value to the school. The association sent three delegates tMr. McCloud, Mr. Hunter, and Mr. Neyhousey t0 the state convention. Their reports, which were given at the last two meetings, show that they absorbed some very valuable suggestions On Saturday evening, November 27, the Senior class of the Normal High School gave a dance at Duenwegts hall. The members of the class and the high school faculty spent a very pleasant evening. Qt. 21.. and got an inspiration Which will aid them very much in furthering the work of the associ- ation for the rest of the year. The cabinet has been greatly encouraged the last month by the interest which the faculty has shown in the work. Besides the helpful talks which have been given by some, we were invited to hold one of our regular business meetings at Dr. Rettgeris home. After the business was disposed of we enjoyed some very delicious eats and then closed the evening by singing college songs. We are very grateful to Dr. Rettger for his many helpful sugges- tions in the association work.-W. H. Cain, Secretary. ST. THOMAS AQUINAS The St. Thomas Aquinas Club held its regu- lar meetings November 19, November 26, and December 3. On November 19 an interesting paper was read by Miss Mildred Flaherty and a talk was given by Miss Ada Welte. On November 26, Miss Catherine Donavon read a paper and Mr. Haigerty gave a talk. On December 3, the club enjoyed an interesting and instructive ad- dress by Miss Moran. tgSince happiness is necessarily the supreme 0 object of our desires, and duty the supreme rule of our actions, there can be no harmony in our bbing except our happiness coincides with our duty? e117 hewell. 90 ' THE NORMAL ADVANCE literary QEIuhs . OIOERONIAN In the last month the Ciceronian Society has had a. meeting each week. The meetings have been marked especially for their interest. The way in which each man performs every duty assigned to him is evidence that much good is resulting from the work. It is very gratifying to see the zeal with which the new men go into the work. The character of the work shows that they mean business. It also shows that they consider this phase one 'very important to their school life. One of the enjoyable events of the term 'was a day spent in the country with Mr. Clyde Shaw at his home near Riley. On Saturday morning, November e, all the members of the society met at the Union station to take the 8 :35 train south on the E. 8; I. All were in the best of spirits when they arrived. To begin the celebration of the day, the whole crowd went to the field to husk a load of corn. All hands worked willingly and in a few minutes a load of corn had been gathered and cribbed. After this the day was given over to amuse- ment and the making of plans. At noon all were invited to the dining room, where a meal fit for a king had been served. It was a unani- mous vote that this was the best meal any one in the crowd had had for weeks. The return trip was an interesting feature of the days out- ing. As the train service is limited on the E. 8; 1., it was decided to walk to Seelyville and take the car at that place. On this trip a few showed good material for cross country while others fell by the wayside. But all reached Seelyville and iinally got back home. On Saturday, November e, Mr. Joseph Gonnley, superintendent of schools at N ewport, was in the city attending a meeting of Latin teachers. While here he visited his Ciceronian friends. Mr. Gonnley is one of the hrst mem- bers of the society who helped give it a start. The s ;ciety is always'glad to have any associate members drop in to see what is going on, and more Visits from associate members are being looked forward to' with pleasure. FORUM On Saturday, December 4th, the Forum as a body concluded the mornings program with a luncheon at the Great Northern Hotel. The affair was purely informal, and everything tended to a general sociability. After every one had done justice to the luncheon, a matinee party was formed and all proceeded to the theatre. The two guests of the afternoon were Messrs. Field and Montgomery, old Forum men. The work for the last month has been princi- pally debating. Owing to the fact that prac- tically all the men were out of town, the meet- ing during the Thanksgiving vacation was dis- pensed with. The members appreciate the im- portance of the work and no one has failed to meet his assignment. Present indications are that the entire membership will be back next term. THE GERMAN 0L UB The German Club had its regular meeting on the second W'ednesday of November. The pro- gram was as follows: A piano solo by Miss Adele M. Fruechte, Biography of Lessing, by Miss Henrietta Way, and Synopsis of Minna von Barnhelm, by Miss Laura Ellis. At the next meeting there was a debate. The question was: htResolved, That a woman should have the right to vote? Many good points were brought out in the discussion. The affirmative won the debate. ORATORIUAL LEAGUE The Oratorical League has arranged for a. debate between the Philomathean and Ale- 1.1mm... mud . L Mm; .ms, .mwm THE NORMAL ADVANCE ' 91 $??Mf thenai literary societies. The question chosen is: ttResolved, That the immigration laws should be further restricted? Misses Walter, Colglazier, and Black Will represent the Alethenai 0n the aiiirmative; Misses Ross, Goldman and Rutledge the Philo- mathean 0n the negative. The debate Will take place some time in March. DAEDALIAN The Daedalian Society has met each Sature day this term, except on November 27, When some of the boys were Out of the city, and the others were so busy spending their vacation that a meeting was not thought expedient. Each session was attended with much interest. The literary programs consisted largely of de- bates, in which the debaters showed much in- terest and ability. The chaplain, Mr. Morland, gave good and thoughtful talks. The parlia- mentarian, Mr. Wells, brought out many help- ful points in parliamentary drill. The society believes that it has had a successful series of meetings during the term. The society elected its officers Saturday, De- cember 11. Mr. Milholland was again elected to the position of president. The new officers expect to enter the new term With a good dEdi of enthusiasm, and the members, fourteen in number, expect to make the coming terms an epoch 1n the life of the society. At the legular meeting, Saturday, December 4, the society declared that it was Willing to . enter an inter-society debate With the Ciceron- ian Society 011 the following terms: FirsteThat the debate be held between April 11 and April 30. SecondeThat the question be the same as that debated by the Normal Illinois League and I. S. N. League. ThirdeThat the Ciceronian Society have the choice of sides. Friday evening, December 10, Mr. Millhol- land and Mr. Mitchell entertained the Daeda- lian boys at 500 North Sixth street. The even- ing was spent in games, stories, and music. Light refreshments were served. The entertain- ment was appreciated by the boys, and each testiiies of a pleasant evening. One of the members; Mr. Brennen, was mar- ried at Rossville, Illinois, November 24, to Miss Marie Swanson. The boys wish them much joy and a pleasant future. He is teaching at Poto- mac, Ill. gammy ALPHA The Alphas were entertained at the home of Lucy Woody on North Twenty-third street, Fri- day evening, November 19. Prizes were awarded for several contests and delicious re- freshments were served. Those present were Misses Anne Price, Arpy Curry, Myrtle Lan- delholm. J 0V Muchmore, Sarah Swihart, Cari- belle Greiner, Alma McCrum, Ethel Hughes, Ruby VVeills, Bemice Bowlby, Mildred Stultz, Katherine McBride, Lucy Belle Settle, and Blanche Elliott. Hostesses were Lucy. Woody, Arpy Curry, Anne Price, and Myrtle Lander- holm. On Saturday afternoon, November 20, Misses Sarah Swihart and Caribelle Greiner entertain- ed the Alphas with a matinee party at the Grand to witness the production of 3Before and After? Afterwards refreshments were served at the Rose. Those present were Misses Myrtle Landerholm, J 0y Muchmore, Anne Price, Sarah Swihart, Caribelle Greiner, Alma McCrum, Ruby Weills, Bernice Bowlby, Simmone Crise, Helen Wright, Edith Hamil- ton, Mildred Stultz, Katherine McBride, Lucy E Belle Settle, and Hazel Kelley. PSI THETA Besides the regular business meetings of the Chapter, the Psi Thetas have been having some 92 THE NORMAL ADVANCE pleasant social times. Perhaps the most enjoy- able of these were held at the homes. of Miss Hyde, Miss Stewart, and Miss J ohnson, respec- tively. On Saturday afternoon, November 20, the girls assembled at Miss Hydets home at 1621 South Fifth street, for a frolic before the Thanksgiving vacation. Music, games, and toasting marshmallows furnished the chief amusements. 4 The section met again on Friday evening, December 3, with Miss Stewart at 516 North Sixth street. The short program which had been planned was very interesting, refresh- ments were served, and all had a general good time. The last social meeting of the season was held at Miss J ohnsonts home on Eleventh street. While in no way was this a brilliant social function, yet it proved enjoyable to all present. The rooms looked very pretty in their simple holiday decorations of Christmas bells, flowers, holly, and miniature Christmas trees. There were contests, fortune telling, and many other forms of entertainment to while away the hours. The music furnished by Misses Hyde, Norris, and J ohnson was highly appreciated. At a late hour the guests departed, thanking their hostess for her hospitality. ATHLETA The Athletas have held two initiation parties this term. 'The first one was held at the home of Miss J essie Andrew of East Chestnut Street on the afternoon of Saturday, October 16. A social afternoon was spent after the initiation and a hot luncheon was served. Those initiated were the Misses Hazel Cohoon, Pearl Kuhns, and Ada Welte; The old members present were the Misses Elizabeth Kadel, Ida Irminger, Edna Fischer, Marie Rucker, Edith Brunker, Jessie Andrew, Flora Saupert, and Cleone Stubbs. . The second was held at the home of Miss Flora Saupert of North Fourth street, Monday evening, November 8. The house was beauti- fully decorated in pennants and the colors, red and gray. After the initiation ice cream and cake were served at one long table beautifully decorated. Those initiated were the Missi'as Nan Pell;'Lois Rutledge, Olive Davis,- Helen Gib- bard, and Franc Mensel. The old members present were the Misses J essie Andrew, Edna Fischer, Edith Brunker, Hazel Cohoons, Marie Rucker, Elizabeth Kadel, Pearl Kuhns, Ada Welte, Cleone Stubb's, Flora Saupert, Ida Irminger, Cecil Vinson, and Mae Bowsher. On the afternoon of Saturday, December 4., the Athletas met at the home of Miss Jessie Andrew. During the afternoon pennants were made, after which a hot luncheon was served. Those present were the Misses Nan Pell, Hazel Cohoons, Pearl Kuhns, Olive Davis, F ranc Minsel, Cleone Stubbs, Elizabeth Kadel, Marie Rilcker, Elizabeth Kadel, Pearl KuhnsLAda Welte, Ida Irminger, Mae Bowsher, Lois Rut- , ledge, Helen Gibbard, Edna Fischer and J essie Andrew. Miss Edith Brunker has withdrawn from school on account of her health. M Y 080 TI 8 The girls of the Myosotis Chapter very pleas- antly surprised Miss Norma Failing, November 13 at her home on North Thirteenth street. The new members who were the Misses Helen Sales, Cecil Black, and Mary McBeth, were initiated into the Chapter. Refreshments were served, after which the girls bade their hostess farewell, wishing her many more happy birth- days. MU ZETA The Mu Zeta Chapter was entertained Satur- day, November 13, by Miss Nelle Haberstitch, Miss Emma Dwight, and Miss Mabel Gossman at the home of the latter on North Eighth street. The new members who thought that they had been initiated at the preceding meet- ing, were surprised to find themselves doomed to full initiation. A special feature was a musi- cal program by Miss Edna Schmidt and Miss THE NORMAL ADVANCE: 93 B. Pearl Ellis, of the Conservatory of Mlisic. A delicious three course luncheon was served. The section members present were Misses Helen , F roeb, Henrietta Way, Freda Meyer, Katherine Kester, Helen Smick, Helen Margaret Connor, Hazel Holden, Emma Dwight, Pearl Anderson, Vanessa Radcliffe, Edna Schmidt, B. Pearl Ellis, Juanita J aenisch, Vivian Volkes, Laura Minturn, Nelle Haberstitch. LLAMARADA N0 TES The Llamaradas were entertained at the home of the Misses Nantz, 401 South Fourth street, on Saturday evening, November 20. The evening was spent in making candy and pop- ping corn, after which charades were played. The guests of the chapter were Misses Eva Smith, Florence Earle, Edna Bratton, Frances Smith, Grace Van Huss, and Ruth Baumunk. The members present were Misses Grace Cas- sidy, Lora Love, Grace Burba, Portia F uqua, Matilda Markle, Grace Nantz, Anne Forbes, Orrelle Fidlar, Orpha Cole, Hazel Woolen, Minnie Parsons, Margaret Lahey, Golda Nantz, Bertha Bickhart, and Louise Pickett. On Saturday afternoon, December 4, the girls held their regular business meeting, after which pennants and banners were made. The girls living at the House had the other girls as guests for luncheon. In the evening the chapter gave a surprise shower on Mrs. Charles Montgomery, who was, before her marriage, Miss Frances Snider. Those present were Anna Forbes, Lenore Burnam, Minnie Parsons, Grace Burba, Bertha Biekhart, Lora Love, Grace Nantz, Portia Fuqua, Golda Nantz, Main garet Lahey, and Hazel Woolen. Pl ZETA Miss Lqpise Harris has left school on ac- count of a severe illness. Several members of the section spent the Thanksgiving vacation at home. The members who remained in town gave a theater party to see ttSt. Elmo? on Saturday, November 27, at the Grand. Miss Ethel Carr spent Thanksgiving at the home of Miss F anny Thorp at Linton, Ind. The Pi Zeta girls entertairied Miss Erickson and tMiSVS Elliott, Friday evening, December 10, at the Mansion House. WOMAZWS LEAGUE On November 19, the Llamarada and Gamma Chapters of the Womanis League were hostesses for the Thanksgiving Tea. The tea. was given in the Association rooms which were decorated with pennants. The guests were en- tertained with shadow pictures given by the girls of both Chapters. Refreshments of tea, wafers and candies were served in the faculty room. The table was beautifully decorated, the colors of the two chapters, red and green, predominating. Misses Parsons and Cunningham poured tea. Mesdames Stalker and Lynch were patron- esses for the afternoon. On December 7 the Executive committee of the League met at the home of Miss Katherine Staff. After the business session a social time was enjoyed by the members. Dainty refresh- ments were served. Miss Marie Price assisted Miss Staff. LE OEYGJAS The Le Ceygjas were entertained November 13, at a nutting party by Misses Worley, Jen- kins and Eberhart. The girls were pleasantly surpprised by having tthome-made eats? Miss Eberhartis mother having sent her a box. The girls did full justice to the delicacies set before them. In addition to the regular courses they who were diligent and lucky went hunting, not for bears but for peanuts. There was also pop- com, apples, and delicious home-made candy. The table decorations formed a pleasing setting for the feast. Saturday, December 11, the members roome ing at the Normal Y. W. entertained the Section at an afternoon tea, this being the last meeting of the term. THE NORMAL ADVANCE. aw 05b: masses. . COLLEGE COURSE On F riday evening, December 17, the Col- lege Course students will have a meeting in the Association rooms. There will be music by Miss Minturn, Miss Whorley and the Girls Glee Club. Refreshments will be served. The Advanced Latin class entertained Dr. and Mrs. Schlicher and Mr. and Mrs. Weng Wednesday evening, November 3, at the home of Miss Helen Ross, on South Eighth street. Saturday evening, December 11, Miss Helen Wright entertained the class with a chicken supper at her country home near Clinton. An original poem was read, which was in the nature of a prophecy, and was written by a member of the class who is as yet unidentified. The members of the class are: Helen Wright, Theresa Wehr, Helen Ross, Ruth King, Helen Connor, and Miss Moore. SENIOR The Seniors met Friday evening, December 10, for their last meeting of the term. A very interesting program had been planned for the evening, which consisted of the following: Vocal Solo ...................... Mr. Lidaky Vocal Solo ...................... Miss Meyer Reading .......... ' ............ Miss Strickler Vocal Solo .................. Miss Colglazier Reading ....................... Mr. Winkler Vocal Solo .................... Miss Minturn Mr. Wells gave a short talk in which he ex- pressed his pleasure in being the class president for the fall term of 1909, and thanked the class for their ready response in helping with'and attending the meetings. JUNIOR The J unior Class held its third meeting in the Association Room, November 19. The fol- lowing program was given, and was thoroughly enjoyed by those present. Reading ....................... Miss Ingling Vocal Solo .................... Miss Laverty Piano Solo .................. Miss Whitcraft Talk ............................ Mr. Bacon At this meeting Mr. Schopmeyer was chosen as the class representative on the ADVANCE board. A meeting was held December 3, and the fol- lowing program was given: ' Piano Solo ...................... Miss Ringo Vocal Solo .................... y. . .Miss Love Vocal Solo ..................... Mr. Mitchell Piano Duet ...... Misses Whitehead and Lynch SOPHOMOBE The meetings of the Sophomore class during this term have been a marked success. But the climax was not reached until the closing scene, the last meeting, when through the efforts of our president and committees which were ap- pointed, an excellent program was rendered, followed by a real feast of ice cream, cake, and mints. The program was as follows: Vocal Solo .................... Miss Inglihg Reading ........................ Mr. Blythe Piano Solo ...... ' ............... Miss Hafele Reading. ...................... Mr. McClure' Duet tpianoy . .The Misses Littlejohn and Love On Christmas day we will shut out from our fireside nothing. -0harles Dickens. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 95 31.an ant glumni . Mr. Everett Shepardson, 86, who is super- visor of the training school at Los Angeles, California, renewed his subscription to the AD- VANCE November 30. Mr. Shepardson gives his itbest wishes for the success of the ADVANCE? He intends to return to I. S. N. for the com- mencement of the class of 10. Miss Marie Swanson and Mr. Lotus D. Bren- nen, both of Potomac, Illinois, were married at Rossville, Illinois, November 24. Mr. Lewis Phillips, i09, of Linton, called on I. S. N. friends December 4. 2 Mr. S. C. Morrill, 10, a member of the varsity debating team of last year, visited Nor- mal December 8. Mr.Morri11 is principal of the high school at Kirklin. The Normal school was well representtid at- the celebration of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Indiana Academy of Science, which was held in Indianapolis, November 25 to 27. The following members of the faculty were present: L. J . Rettger, C. R. Dryer, M. K. Davis, U. 0. Cox, F. R. Higgins, W. A. McBeth, and R. R. Hyde. Papers on topics of scientific interest were presented by some of the members. Mr. Hugh Clark, 410, who is teaching science in the Linton High School, visited Terre Haute December 4. T Died, at Everett, Wash., D. D. Thomersen, a student and athlete at I. S. N. in 1898. Miss Maude Linkenhoker, i06, of Sullivan, was a visitor November 28. Miss Alma McCrum, 408, who has charge of grades three and four 1n the Normal Training School, spent Thanksgiving with friends in Huntington. Miss Olive Davis, J unior, visited with friends in Robinson, 111., during the Thanksgiving va- cation. Miss Franc Munsell spent her vacation with Miss Maude Linkenhoker at Sullivan. Mr. Elmer Rowe spent his vacation with his parents at Clay City. Mr. Harry Davis, i09, principal of the Clay- ton schools, visited I. S. N. friends. Mr. W. G. Kitchen, i07, is teaching. science in the Columbus High School. Miss Anna Paul, ,09, of Indianapolis, called on old friends during vacation. Mr. Leo Francis, ,10, is principal of the Bridgeton High School. Miss Anna Cole called on I. S. N. frieIids during vacation. Mr. Harvey' A. Henderson, 408, is superin- tendent of schools at Goodland. Mr. Crawford Fox, 09, was a visitor Novem- ber 29. Friday,'December 10, Elmer Rowe, while en-s gaged in mixing a preparation for matches, was cut and slightly burned about the hands and face by the explosion of some potassium chlorate. The accident caused considerable alarm, but is not as severe as was thought. Mr. Rowe will be at school again in a few days. Miss Pearl Kuhns and Miss Franc Munsell attended the Perdue-Indiana foot ball game at Bloomington, November 20. Harry 0. Lanning, i09, is teaching science in the Rensselaer High School. V Mr. Guy J ohnson spent his vacatioh with Mr. Fred Spencer at Bellmore. Pres. Parsons delivered a series of lectures at the Parke County Association. Mr. Ezra Michaels, ,09, is teaching Latin in the Edinburg schools. J ames R. Everett, ,09, principal of Avon High School, made a short visit and renewed acquaintances November 27. Mr. A. A. Bourke, ,08, is teaching in the science department of the Edinburg schools. 96 THE N'ORMAL ADVANCE Miss Syhia Wood, 7 of Linton, greeted old friends at I. S. N., November 20. ' Miss Mabel Carter, 08,, of Indianapolis, spent her vacation with I. S. N. friends. Mr. Alvin C. Payne, spring assistant in Eng- lish, iOS and ,09, is superintendent of schools at Mooresville. i Mr. Ray Cromwell, 08, is principal of the high school at Mooresville. Mr. J oseph R. Westhafer, i07, teaches mathe- matics in the Cloverdale High School. Miss Anna E. Behrens, t08, is teaching his- tory, botany and drawing in the Huntingburg High School. Mr. Chester Zechiel, i08, is teaching physio- graphy in the Anderson High School. Mr. Lee Troth Visited his home in Owen county during Thanksgiving vacation. Mr. Arthur B. Wright, i01, is teaching mathematics in the Anderson High School. Mr. Wm. Cain, ,10, Visited his parents during vacation. ' Mr. Arthur H. Hines, i07, is teaching science in the Martinsville High School. QExtbanges The teacher was explaining to her pupils about the bronze age, stone age, etc. Finally she said: ttWhat age are we in now J ohnnieW tcSteel tsteah age? answered Johnnie? Son at home writes to fatheref cant stand it here. It is 1080 in the shade. Father replies.-Well, you donit have to stand in the shade all the time.-Ex. PBOFESSORS ttI notice some people are calling Orville Wright tprofessorifi said Maude. ttYesf answered Maude; ttthey can call him professor, but that7s no sign lies as handsome and accomplished as a real professor, like the one who used to give us lessons in roller skat- ingWeWashington Star. Mr. Geo. E. Chenoweth, i08, is teaching his-, tory and Latin in the high school at Markle. '5- Mr. Archie M. Hooper has charge of the shop 1 work in the Marion High School. ; Mr. Homer Long, i05, is principal of the -- high school at Fairmount. , Mr. Edward C. Snarr, 01, is principal of the Sullivan High School. 5 Mr. Earl Asher, 08, is a ward principal at 7 Greenfield. i Mr. J . Michael Haigerty, ,10, enjoyed his . vacation at Loogootee. i Mr. Reuben H. Snitz, ,08, is superintendent , of the schools at Andrews. Geo. E. Behrens, t08, is teaching mathematics . in the high school at Mt. Vernon. i Mr. Wm. D. Waldrip, ,07, is teaching history 7: in the Richmond High School. 0 Miss Helen Hopewell, ,09, has charge of the i drawing in the Roachdale schools. ' Mr. Otto Christy, HO, spent his vacation at f New Madison. , Mr. Guy Stantz of Salem, was an I. S. N. Vis- itor November 25 and 26. instructions for tackling the scansion of a line in Virgile i ttDontt foul; donit shirk; get low and hit the 5 line hardWeThe Forge. g i Ex-President Rooseveltis ONLY A FEIV OF US TeacherettHow J ohnny ?,i JohnnyettNot many?dmlge. many make a million, THE SYNDIC'A TED HERO that one man stand at my right hand? Hora- tius quoth, quoth he. cgLet one abide at my life side and keep the bridge with me. Three men, I wot, can make it hot for caitiff foes like these; and When we write about the fight, weill share the royalties.ii-eLom'sm'lle Courier-Joumal. THE NORMAL ADVANCE: 97 DANGEROUS BEASTS The teacher had been telling the class about the rhinoceros family. ttNow, name some thingsf said she, gtthat are very dangerous to get near to, and that have horns? ttAutomo- bilesW replied little J ennie J ones, promptly.- New York World. . SIIO WI N G MERCY ttYoung gentlemen? announced the professor in English literature, tttomorrow I Wish you to come prepared to discuss this sentence from the works of Henry J ames? ttThe entire sentence, professor ?,t groaned the class. ttWell, take it as far as the first semicolonfL- Pittsburg Post. THE NOVICE Old Lawyer tto young partnert-ftDid you draw up old Moneybagts WillV Young Partner-JtYeS, sir; and so tight that all the relatives in the world can not break itft Old Lawyer twith some disgustyettThe next time there is a Will to be drawn up P11 to it myselfW-New YONc Sun. FROM ENGLISH SOHOOLBOYS The following schoolboy tthowlers,7 are given by a correspondent: tgTo kill a butterfly you pinch its boraxit ttThe blood-vessels are the veins, arteries, and artilleriesW ccA ruminating animal is one that chews its cubs? ttAlgebra' was the Wife of Euclid? tgThe masculine 0f vixen is VicarW-Univemz'ty Cowespondent. The committee of professors that has set out to reform Euclidls geometry might begin by including the postulate that a straight line be- tween two terms in the White House leads through East Africa.-New York E'vem'ng Post. Lest Ye F org'ettt To Visit The New Book Store 118 N. Sixth St. We will speak of some of the GIFT THINGS and Supplies to he had at our store Watermanls Ideal Fountain Pens. Glft Books and Stationery Normal, High School and City School Books and Supplies Pennants. Pins and Special Normal Station- Scconcl-hancl Boolts-Bought Sold and cry. Posters and Calcnclars ' Exchangccl Repair all makes of Fountain Pens and Typewriters. also sell aml rent all makes of Typewriters - We respectfully solicit your Mail Orders and give them prompt attention m One-half sq. N. of lat Baptist Church One-half sq. S. of Normal - The Orbiel Supply Co M. D. OREM, Manager a AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA HERZS The Town's One Real Book Store THE NORMAL ADVANCE 99 . THE - llThe man Is blest lfgliiiishiiebiiit; Moore-Langen Printing Co. . 7, . , - Then do not worIy. Prlnters. Bmders llThe king is the man Who can? Blank Book Manufacturers llWhat will happen when all the other fel- PUBLISHERS lows Who lcould do it betterl dieW . No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE. IND. Senator Bevemdge. Both Phones 64 VKBRMAMBBBK STORE Corner of Sixth' and Cherri' Sts. We have everything in the books you need-Scllool Pennants. School Pins. Guaranteed Fountain Pens. Bibles. Stationery and many other things you need everytl1ing right. We are ON 'THE CORNEB-East Side of Sixth and Cherry Streets SUBSCRIBE FOR THE 'ADVANCE 100 THE NORMAL ADVANCE A. G. SPALDING 8o BROS. are the Largest The. Manufacturers Spaldlng in the World of Trade-Mark OFFICIAL EQUIPMENT FOR ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS AND PASTIMES are interested in Athletic S p o rt 3; o u should have a copy of the Spalding Catalogue. Its a complete encyclopmlia of What's New In Sport and is sent fwe on request. , A. G. Spalding 6L Bros. I47 Wabash Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. for all Kodaks and Cameras FILMS DEVELOPED m: h Write for particulars. 0. c. DeSELMS, Attica, Indlana Is known throughout the world as a Gua ra ntee of Quality For High-Glass lAllNDRY, CLEANING and DYEING WORK G. W. YOUNGBLOOD, Agent Hunter Laundering 1L Dyeing Cu. Sixth and Cherry Sts. ALL KINDS 0'1? CUT FLOWERS JNO. G. HEINL $L SON Opp. High School H. H. HUTTON CO. The Home of Hart Schaffner 8t Marx Clothes Complete Line of Hats 8:. Furnishings 522 WABASH AVENUE OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry G: Dyeing Co. ED. E. LAWRENCE. President 308-3l0 Cherry St. Both Phones I84 W. L. BASS, Agent Attention N ormal Boys! The FERNu BARBER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Massaging. both electric and hand. Special attention and interest shown the Normal boys. HARRY WILSON. MADISOWS OAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue Headquarters for the best of everything pertaining to the DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City Sole Agency in Terte Haute for Gunther's Fine Chicago Candies American German Trust Company Normal Students are invited to make their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. Advertise in the ADVANCE 129 South 7th St. . g, V w A,WA..,T,,,W.W,I v R ugwwhq... n A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. An Oliver Typewriter e the standard visible writer - the $100 machine - the most highly perfected typewriter on the marketeyours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a matter of business history--yours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter that is equlpped with scores of such contrivances as uThe Balance ShiftP-JtThe Ruling Devicelh-ltThe Double Releaselt-t tThe Locomotive Basell-ttThe Automatic Spacerll - ttThe Automatic Tabulatorh e ttThe Disappearing Indicatortl - ttThe Adjustable Paper Fingers - ttThe Scientific Condensed Keyboard, l-all Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We anno'unced'this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a day. That is the plan in a nutshell. The result has been such a. deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demend comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority of inqumes A Quarter of a Million People is Eh;2;:;e.'ng:m;i$ has come from people of known from the word go ! so financial standing who are at- tracted by the novelty of the proposition. An impressive demonstration of the immense popularity of the Oliver Type- writer. A startling confirmation of our belief that the Era of Universal Typewriting is at hand. TB are Making Money with TEN :12 Tychri'l'cr The Standard Ulszble Writer easy to run that be '11- nets soon get in the :- ert class. Earn as mmth Let tbs! me? he pa. e 17 cc 5 2 ap- nn all above thntis yam. Wherever you are. therys work to be done and money to be mude by us- ing the Oliver. The busi- ness world is clllin 101' Oliver operators. T ere are not enough to sup ly the demand. Their 3: are Ies are considerably above those of many classes of workers. An Oliver T ypewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The similicity and strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. factor in the ome training of youn Our new selling plan puts the It is becoming an important speople. An educator as well as a money maker. liver on the threshold of every home in America. Will you close the door of your home or olfice on this remarkable Oliver opportunity. Write for further details of our easy offer and a free copy of the new 0 iver catalog. Address THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. CHICAGO; ILL. Indiana State Normal School Terre Haute. Indiana Supported by the State for thc' Education of Its Public School Teachers TUITION FREE Fifty Members of Faculty Well Courses in All Subjects Adapted to Teachers' Needs. Equipped Laboratories Standard College or Ad- . vanced Course for Teachers Lab;3rgoog leading to the A. B. Degree. ' ' To Residents of Indiana. Volumes TRAINING SCHOOL , FOR STUDY AND . WINTER TERM PRACTICE OPENS a MONDAY A Typical Country School JANUARY G9 City School of Eight Grades 3 1910 09 Four Years High School For Cntnloguol and Further Information apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Torre Haute, Indians Thu 11mm P23. 00.. Tim lulu um F ortieth Anniversary l. S. N. 8. January 6.191- 2113132 Jg urmal thante ?Bcbotcb to the Interests of Q5112 Inbiana $tate 330mm $tbunl metre aute, Inbiana - Volume jittem ganuarp, 1910 samba four EPPERT 8c SON Are always to the front with the latest styles of IPHOTOGRAPHYI An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE --CALL AND SEEA Oltlzens Phone I416 TERRE HAUTE, mo. ' BIG FOUR PHARMACY 6th and Big F our A Full Line of PIPES TOBACCOS and SPALDING ATHLETIC GOOD CANDIES PERFUMES and TOILET ARTICLES The Store with the Orange Front CRAFT'S BOOK STOR ' No. 672 WABASH AVENUE School Books. Miscellancdua Books. Books for Pre-aenta. Cut Glass. Art China. Good Box Paper and all other item: ulually found in book stores YOU CAN BUY HERE AS CHEAP AS ANY PLACE IN THE CIT MADISOWS AOAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue I Headqulrters for the best of everything pertaining to the F0 r H lg h .0 I ass DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES r The Largest Prelcription Business in the City LAUNDRY CLEANING and BYEINE wo , Solo Agency in Terre Haute for Gunther': Fine Chicago Cmdiu I A t , American German Trust Company G' w. YOUNGBLOOD' Age' ' A Normal Students are invited to make A Hunter laundering A nyemg co, their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERIE HAUTE, IND. SIXth and Cherry Sts- THE NORMAL ADVANCE VOLUME XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND., JANUARY, 1910. N UMBER 4. IDEALS Ideals are of two kinds. There are those that corres- pond to our highest sense of perfection. They express what we might be were life, the world, ourselves, all dif- ferent, all better. Let those be as high as they may! They are not useless because unattainable. Life is not a failure because they are never attained. God himself re- quires of us the unattainable: ttBe ye perfect even as I am perfectW Nor does he count us failures because we have to be forgiven. Our ideals also demand of us per- fectionethe impossible; but because we come far short of this, we have no right to count ourselves failures. What are they likeaideals such as these? They are like light-houses. But light-houses are not made to live in; neither can we live in such ideals. I suppose they are meant to shine on us from afar, when the sea of our life is dark and stormy, perhaps to remind us of a haven of hope as we drift or sink in shipwreck. All of our ideals are light-houses. But there are ideals of another sort; it is these that you lack. As we advance into life, out of larger experience of the world and of ourselves are unfolded the ideals of what will be possible to us if we make the best use of the world and of ourselves, taken as we are. Let these be as high as they'may, they will always be lower than those others which are perhaps the veiled intimations of our immortality. These will always be imperfect; but life is not a failure because they are so. It is these that are to burn for us, not like light-houses in the distance, but like candles in our hands. By degrees the comforting light of what you may actually do and be in an imperfect world, will shine close to you and all around you, more and more. It is this that will lead you, never to perfec- tion, but always toward it. JTIw Choir Imagibzee-James L. Allen. ,,,,,,,, 102 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Address of President Parsons Delivered on Fortieth Anniversary of Opening of the Indiana State Normal School This is the fortieth anniversary of the open- ing of the Indiana State Normal School. It seems not inappropriate to devote the chapel period this morning to the few statements touching the origin, history and work of the institution. In 1858 Dr. E. T. Spotswood, then a repre- sentative 0f Vermillion County in the lower branch of the State Legislature, now a resident of Terre Haute, introduced a resolution calling for the appointment of a committee to consider the advisability of establishing a state normal school for the training of teachers for the public schools of Indiana. So far as I know this was the first step taken in any oiiicial way looking to the organization of a state normal school in Indiana. If the resolution was adopted and the committee appointed, and if any report was made on the subject, I have no knowledge of the fact, but it is worth noting that to Dr. Spotswood belongs the credit of taking the first ofiicial step in Indiana toward the training of teachers for the public schools. He realized the need of trained professional teachers for the school room, and he regarded it the states duty to furnish such training to those who wanted to become its public school teachers. For seven years nothing was done in the matter, but in 1865 the law was enacted which i established this institution, and under this law, with slight amendments and additions from time to time, the Indiana State Normal School has done its 40 years work. In its main provisions this act was a very wise, well-considered law. It provided that the Board of Trustees should consist of five mem- bers, four of whom should be appointed by the Governor, the fifth being on ex-oiiicio member -the state superintendent of. public instruc- tion.. The board is large enough, and it is not so large as to be unwieldy or to make responsi- bility rest too lightly on its individual mem- bers. It is sure to have at least one prominent educational man as a member, and it gives the Governor of the state the opportunity to make the board bi-partisan in its character by ap- pointing two men from each of the leading po- litical parties of the state. The political com- plexion of the board, so faf' as it may be said to have any political complexion, is determined by the state superintendent of public instruc- tion, Who is elected by the people. The law requires the board to elect- a treas- urer, who shall be a member of the board. The funds of the institution are received and dis- bursed by the treasurer. No member of the board, therefore, ever sees or handles a dollar of the funds belonging to the institution. This act requires the Board of Trustees to locate the institution in the city or town that should offer the greatest inducements in money, lands or buildings to secure the school. The only city or town in Indiana that made any ef- fort to secure the school was the city of Terre Haute. Why other cities or towns took no steps to secure the school I do not know. Probably this was because the commercial and educa- tional advantages which it would bring to the community were not fully realized. More like- ly, however, this was due to the very liberal offer made by the city of Terre Haute. This city proposed to give a tract of land 300 feet square, then valued at about $25,000, now worth several times this amount, and $50,000 in cash. As there was no competition to secure the loca- tion of the institution, this oii'er was accepted, but with the acceptance was imposed another condition, namely that Terre Hante should agree to pay forever one-half the necessary ex- -THE NORMAL ADVANCE 103 penses of keeping the building or buildings and grounds in proper repair. So Terre Haute gave the site for the institution, $50,000 in cash and agreed to meet for all time one-half the ex- penses of keeping the buildings and grounds in suitable condition. And it is to be said that the city of Terre Haute has, without complaint or question, at all times fully complied with the terms of this agreement With the state. Under this agreement she has always honored the bill PRESIDENT PARSONS Upon what will the Normal School's future depend? In a word, I think it will turn upon the school's 'remaimng true to its ideals and upon its ability to adapt it- self in its courses of instruction, work, methods and everything else to the new conditions which our developing civiliza- tion will force upon us. ' for one-half of the annual repairs, often amounting to $1,000 or more, she pays one-half the premium on all insurance policies, and in 1888, when the institution was Visited by a dis- astrous fire, she promptly appropriated an ad- ditional $50,000 to aid in rebuilding. The act 1865 described the purpose of the school to be ttthe preparation-of teachers for teaching in the public schools of Indiana? It required that male applicants should not be less than 18 years of age, and females not less than 16, and that every person admitted should de- clare in writing that he would teach, if practic- able, in the public schools of Indiana twice as long as he attended the Normal School. The school has never, to my knowledge, admitted a student who did not meet these conditions. Other provisions of the law related to the or- ganization of a training school, the appoint- ment of instructors, the requirement that tui- tion should be free, that the institution shmfld maintain a high standard of Christian morality but not teach religious sectarian tenets; the making of reports to the Legislature, etc. EX- planation of these provisions may be omitted for lack of time to analyze and present them. Appropriations were made by subsequent legislatures, the work of constructing a build- ing went on, and although the building was far from completion and the funds appropri- ated for its erection and equipment were ex- haused, it was determined to open the school early in J anuary, 1870. The building was three stories high above the basement. The base- ment and the third story 'were unfinished, be- ing entirely in the rough. The second and third stories were finished, ready for use, ex- cept that there was no means of heating them except by stoves. The first story was occupied by the Terre Haute High School, under the ar- rangement made with the board. The second - story was to be used by the Normal School. I remember the opening day as well as if it were yesterdayeJan. 6, 187 0A0 years ago to- day. It was a cold, raw, windy day, and the halls and school rooms, for the most part, were cold and uninviting. The school did not have the semblance of a laboratory, not a piece of apparatus, and its library consisted of a Bible and a half dozen books donated by some pub- lishing company. Its faculty consisted of 'a presidenFW. A. J ones-who had resigned the superintendency of the schools of Aurora, Ill., to become its president; Professor Bosworth, who had just retired from the Terre Haute Fe- 104 THE NORMAL ADVANCE w male Seminary, a school which occupied the oldest portion of the buildings now known as St. Anthonyis Hospital, this city, and Miss Newell, who had shortly before returned from a trip abroad, having been a member of Mark Twainis party, whose travels and adventures were afterwards recounted in his book, ttInno- cence Aboard? Later in the year, Lewis H. Jones, now president of the Michigan State Normal School at Ypsilanti; Nathan Newby, now a practicing physician in Kansas; Amanda B. Funnelle, at present a teacher in some in- stitution in the East, and Mary A. Bruce, de- ceased, were added, and Professors Horworth and Newell retired. These five people, with, later, the additions of Prof. J ames Wilson, Cyrus Hodgin and J osiah T. Scovell, are the ones who, for the first several years, did the work of the school and gave it its first character as a school for the training of teachers. On the opening day about 16 or 18 persons. applied for admission, and the attendance grew so that by the close of the Iirst year, in J une, 1870, something like 50 or 601peop1e had been enrolled as students. Looking over an old catalogue a few days ago containing the names of these persons I had no diiiiculty in recalling distinctly almost everyone of them, but you would have no interest in anything I might say about these persons. Nearly all of them have taught for a shorter or longer period since studying in the school at that time, and I could name a number, including Mr. Sandison, Miss Louise Barbour of this city, Susan Barbour of Indianapolis, Mrs. Fannie Burt of Los Angeles, and others who have taught many times twice the short period spent in taking the first course in this school. i The incomplete building in which the institu- tion began its work, the entire absence of labor- atory, library, apparatus and other facilities were not the most serious handicap the school had at its opening. Although the Legislature had by formal enactment established the school, it need not be inferred that this was in re- sponse to any general demand for an institu- . tion of the kind. A few far-seeing men of the state realized the need for professionally train- ed teachers, and it was due to their active, earn- est efforts that the Legislature was induced to establish the school. It did not come as the result of any general demand on the part of the people for professionally trained teachers for the schools. The thought and action of these promoters of the enterprise and of the Legislature was nearly a quarter of a century in advance of the popular thought on the sub- ject of appropriate training for the school room. The institution began its work and for a great many years contiued its labors without any very general popular sympathy and sup- port. The principles which the school laid down for its work were flouted and scouted by many of the teachers of the estate, and not infrequent- ly by the ,p'iiblic. It was no uncommon thing for a speaker before the State Teachers Asso- ciation to decry the work of the school by clear implication and sometimes in express language, and flout the idea of anything like a prepara- tion for school work that embraced anything more than a knowledge of subjects to be taught. The school has'steadily grown from an at- tendance of 40 or 50'during its first year to an enrollment of 3,390 different. students during the past year, and I think every fair minded person would agree that it has not been without influence in molding the educational thought of the state during its 40 years, history. During this period it has enrolled more than 34,000 dif- ferent students, who have received more or less instruction in the institution. But these are all external things. The spirit and heart of the school 1s something different from its building, laboratories, libraries, etc. There is something that we may call the spirit or thought of an institution, and this is the most real and abiding thing the institution has. J ust as a city, or town, or community has some thing that we may call its spirit, so every in- stitution and every school has in it an intangi- ble, yet substantial something that may be called its spirit. The original thought and spirit of this school were put into it by its first president and faculty, and, in my mind, no man THE NORMAL ADVANCE 105 i -as who has ever labored in 'the educational work in Indiana, and no group of teachers that have worked in the schools of this state, did more to establish the work of teaching in Indiana upon sound prinpicles than did William A. Jones and the men and women who were associated with him during the first period of this schoolis history. F mi WM. A. JONES, First president of I. S. N. 8., whose state- ment HThe fact in the thing, the law in the mind, and the method in both is consid- ered by many modem educators as the first vital statement of the problem of method in the history of education. The school set out to do honest, thorough work in whatever it undertook. President Jones ahd those associated with him had no sympathy with any kind of shoddy, superficial work. They believed that school work, like everything else, should be honestly and thoroughly done. Superficiality has been the bane of school work in this country, and par- ticularly so in the training of teachers. The idea was somewhat prevalent that a fair degree of scholarship and a little smattering of methods, psychology, etc., made a teacher. This school in its early work was the most distinct and positive reaction against this conception . that one could possibly conceive. It taught and in every class it practiced the doctrine that thorough, fundamental work in subject-matter of whatever kind is an absolute requisite of the teacher. I am not sure but the school went to an unjustifiable extreme in its advocacy and practice of thoroughness in its work. It carried the doctrine of thoroughness so far that it transcended the true conception of thorough- ness and became almost exhaustiveness. Thoroughness in the mastery of the essentials and fundamentals of a subject can not be too strongly insisted upon, but there is such a thing as applying this principle of thoroughness to a multitude of non-essentials and details which are a burden to the learner and Which cripple him in his work as a teacher. But the great excellence of the schools work should not be lost sight of by this side sugges- tion of carrying the principle of thoroughness too far. I have often said to you in chapel that we are a superficial people. We do not do our work thoroughly, completely and well. It is a rare thing to find a public building, or bridge, or sewer honestly and thoroughly constructed. Things are left incomplete and only half done. Our current literature, our theaters, many of the sermons to which we listen, and much of our teaching are superficial, slip-shod and shoddy. Thoroughness is simply honesty ap- plied to work, and if there is anything that the schools of this country ought to do for the generations of children that attend them, it is to teach them the virtue of honest, thorough, complete work. - The Normal School laid down the doctrine that there are two factors in determining a rational method of teaching any subject. These factors are, the nature of the subject itself-its inherent, logical construction and order of de- 106 THE NORMAL ADVANCE pendence, and the developing mind of the child. Great stress was laid on the mastery of the order of dependence which inheres in the sub- ject, that is, upon its organization. One of the terms frequently heard in the early days of this school was ttorganic knowl- edge? The effort was to lead the students to acquire what was called an organic knowledge of every subject studied. The term has gone into disuse, but it is a significant expression. Every teacher ought to have an organic knowl- edge of every subject that he undertakes to teach; he ought to have not simple the isolated facts of the studied subject-matter, but these should be built up in his mind in the order of their logical dependence, and he ought to see and understand the generalizations and prin- ciples which underlie these and which hold them together in their orderly arrangement. Great emphasis was placed upon a study of the being to be educated. ttThe law in the mind and the fact in the thingll was one say- . ing much used in the early days of this institu- tion, and it is just as true now as it was then. The teacher must take account of the fact, that is, the subject-matter to be taught, and of the minds mode of aproaching and assimilating the subject-matter. These two, properly con- sidered, give the rational method of teaching the subject. My own opinion is that the psy- chology work done in the early days of this school was too largely introspective in its char- acter, but physiological and experimental psy- chology were hardly knewn 40 years ago. These are recent developments. But it is to be said that the work done in educational psychology was of the very highest order of its kind. It was based .upon a study of human conscious- ness, which is always a legitimate and necessary study for the teacher. All study of all kinds and without regard to subject-matter assumes the reality and validity of human conscious- ness. Even the person who denies the reality of all things must assume the reality of his own eonsciousnes in the denial. The most absolute sceptic in the world, the one who denies that we know anything, of course, assumes'that we know that we do not know anything. The study of mental processesethe activities of the senses, of memory, imagination, judgment, reason and of all the processes involved in mastering the subjects were made the object of close analytic attention. Their chief facts and the laws of their activity were given great attention, and these were always investigated in their relation to acquiring and teaching the subject-matter of education. In this phaseiof its work, I be- lieve the school did a great and lasting service to education, for while all other modes of mind- study are proper and legitimate, it will always be true that an analysis of human conscious- ness will constitute a considerable factor in the teachers equipment. The school then, as ever since, maintained a system of practice schools. Not so extensive then as now, but founded upon the same essen- tial idea. The practice schools gave the oppor- tunity for observation and study of model work and gave the chance of acquiring valuable ex- perience under competent criticism and direc- tion before going into the actual school room as teacher. As I look back upon the practice work I did nearly 40 years ago I realize more fully than then the great value derived from it, and the time should never come when any teacher can step out from any school into the public schools of the state and have his first experience in teaching at the expense of the people taught. This is not different from al- lowing the physician, the oculist or the dentist to acquire his knowledge of his art by practic- ing upon his unsuspecting patients. The law requires that persons entering and remaining in the State Normal School shall have undoubted moral character, and it pre- scribes that, while no religious or sectarian. tenets shall be taught, it shall nevertheless maintain at all times a high standard of Chris- tian morality. For one I believe that this is the true view of the case. No school maintained at public expense has the right to teach any sec- tarian religious tenets, but it surely is the duty of the school to maintain in every way the high- est standard of morality that the world has THE NORMAL ADVANCE ever had given to it. We are a theistic people. We are not atheistic, pantheistic, Buddhistic or anything of this kind. I believe in a spiritual principle as the guilding intelligence of the world, and it is not too much to require that a school maintained at the expense of the people for the training of teachers for its public schools should be sound in this central world- view. The Normal School has always insisted upon honorable manly and womanly behavior on the part of its students. ttConductQt it has always said, ttis above scholarship? and the primary requisite for the school room on the part of the teacher is honorable manly or womanly char- acter. Fortunately, however, men and women who are preparing to be teachers are, as a rule, already possessed of worthy character and high intentions. They require, as a rule, very little speciiic direction and oversight. If it were pos- sible to do so I should be willing to compare the 34,000 young men and women who have at-. I tended this school within its 40 years with any equal from among all the people of the state during this period. As a class they have been high- ' minded, number that could be gotten together. 107 industrious, conscientious, honorable men and women. Upon what will the Normal SchooPs future depend? In a word, I think it will turn upon the schools remaining true to its ideals and upon its ability to adapt itself in its courses of instruction, work, methods and everything else to the new conditions which our developing civiljzation will force upon us. It would seem as if the Normal School is just entering upon an era of larger service and wider usefulness in every way to the state. With its increased resources, larger faculty, more adequate equipment in buildings, laboratories and all the appliances needed for its work, its more extended courses of study, its splendid new library just opened for use, and a more cordial public sentiment behind it, its work in the futureought to excel, in every way, its ac- complishments in the past. With'the cordial co-operation of its friends, alumni and under- graduates all over the state, it would be safe to predict for the next 40 years work of the State Normal School a measure of usefullness with which its past 40 years will seem insigq nificant. devoted, To My Note-Book MATTIE L. JOHNSON It lies here before me, an insentient thing, consisting of two bi'own covers between which are many white leaves. Did I say White? They were once white, now they are worn and smeared by much thumbing and many erasures. These notes, half-scribbled with a lead pencil, half with pen, are precious. Gems of thought. the poets call them. I gathered them from divels sources. Here are the finest lines of Mil- ton, this, the song of Ariel, that, a fragment from Shelley, and a stanza of Kipling,s ttMandalayW Assignments, the address of a friend, formulas in trigonometry, epigrammatic sentences gleaned from chapel talks, all are here ready to furnish me with an idea or to refresh my memory. This book is a friend to me, true and tried. It never fails me. It carries my intellectual 4 burdens and is responsible for my mental pro- gress. I take it to the class room daily. It relieves me of the strain of remembering all the prosaic things said there. My soul has time to wander through Elysianfields. That is soul culture. My fancy takes the wings of the morning. When diflicult questions call me back to earth I have but to refer to my note-book. If a fellow student'inquires about the lesson I can truthfully say, 01 do not know, but it is in 108 my note-book? In fact, I know that he will be more pleased with the opinion of my note- book. My appreciation of music has grown since entering this school, for sounds long heard are musical. I 'can even interpret certain sounds. The fiuttering of pages in the class-room is pleasing to my ears. I know that a brilliant recitation will follow. My note-book has grown a part of me. It is no longer insentient. It contains the wit and wisdom of the ages. It is imbued with life, thought, and ideas. With it the giants of ignorance are conquered. I feel a certain mental surety and by its support I can face the thinkers of this planet. Neither can a whole regiment of professors quell me, for I am fortified with their very words. I care- fully copied them in my note-book. My note- THE NORMAL ADVANCE book, more than friend to me, the assumer of my intellectual burdens, my mental fortress, what could I do without it! But enough of this. Some one wiIl think I am a doting fool to gaze on it so fondly. I shall leave it here, and walk about the halls for a few minutes. Gone! Where is my note-book? Gone, with all my ideas. Taken, perhaps, by some thiev- ing student just at the end of the term. Let him take it. Those jumbled notes were perfect hieroglyphics. Such hasty scribbling ruined my writing, weakened my brain power, para- lyzed my memory. It is a good riddance. I am free. Henceforth, Thought shall say to me, itEvery man, I will go with thee To be thy guide, In thy utmost need To be by thy side? Nature Study in the District Schools CLAUDE O'NEAL, ,10 In the days of our fathers, education con- sisted principally of a superficial knowledge of the three ttRisiK Anything beyond the mere rudiments of these branches was considered superfluous. The wants of our forefathers were simple and easily satisfied. Education as known today was in their time considered ap- propriate only for the professions and was given to them as an object of utility to aid them in their calling. Today, the minds of the great educators are reverting to that relict idea of the past, prac- ticability. The professors of the universities rack their minds for practical ideas for their classes, ministers preach practical sermons, and normal school instructors teach practical methods of teaching. Nor is this idea dwelt upon by the ministers and the teachers in the higher places of learning alone. It has in- vaded the rural districts, and the country school teacher must meet the demands of the times. Now education is for all. To the overworked teacher of the district school this may seem to be the proverbial last straw, but such need not be the case. In fact, the teacher of the rural district has at his very door, a world of material possessing practical value. A decade ago, nature study was introduced in our schools. Already much of the zeal and enthusiasm with which it was heralded has passed away, and its place on the. average school program is not as conspicuous as was once promised. But it seems to me that it is a subject that merits more attention, particularly in the rural schools. The average country boy,s education ends with the training he receives in the district school. Conditions are unfavorable to his en- trance into the high school, and if he does complete the course in the village high school, 01' academy, it is hardly likely that he Will ever attend any of the higher places of learning. Since it is impossible for the average pupil THE NORMAL ADVANCE to attend the college or university, the common schools must give him practical knowledge. He can not go abroad to get it. It must be brought to him. Today, the. term nature study is the unscientific name given to almost anything the teacher chooses to teach. Why not take ad- vantage of this generality and give the boys and girls of the farm something of practical value to them in their later life? Naturally, the question arises as to What to teach. Here the Wisdom of the teacher must assert itself. No outline can be made for him, no one else can make a course of study that will exactly meet his conditions. He must select his own material and arrange his own course. Butwthe field is broad and freedom may mean confusion unless the teacher has some definite idea in mind to aid him in his selection and arrangement of material. This ditIiculty Will be considerably lessened if the teacher keeps ever befOre him the fact that What he is to teach should prove of practical value to the child. What can be taught in such a course? Let us notice a few things that might enter into it, but first, let us remember that the school it- self. the conditions in the community, the sea- son, the presence of material are the determin- ing factors in deciding this question. In the autumn, When the leaves are taking on their hues of purple and gold and attention is naturally called to them, teach leaves, their uses to the plant, how photosynthesis is carried on, the reason for their turning red, and the reason for their falling. If the leaves of but one tree be well taught, the farmers boys and girls Will have learned some facts that may give them a new interest in their calling. Later in the season, soil in its relation to plant growth might be studied; Mulching, different- methods of cultivation might be demonstrated by experiment. Fertilizers should come in for their share of attention. The fact that Ger- manyis average yield of Wheat is forty-six bushels per acre to America,s twelve and one- half bushels, should speak in emphatic tones to the farmer. Although little Could be taught 109 in the grades about fertilizers, if the boy only learns that When a plant grows rank, has a dark green color, and does not produce seed that it needs nitrogen; that When the crop is yellow and does not grow to size that the soil lacks phosphorus; or, that When the stalk and straw are soft and lack polish that the land is short of potassium, he Will use more Wisdom than the average farmer now displays in the selecting of his fertilizers. Teach insects. They are interesting and have an important place in the farmeris life. He must break his sod at a certain time to avoid the cut-worm, he must kill the blister beetle on his potato Vines or his crop Will be short, he must sift ashes on his squash vines or the bugs Will destroy his plants, and he must spray his fruit trees in order that he may be sure of a crop. The farmer should know the life history of the insects that annoy him, for it is only through this knowledge that he can fight them successfully. How many farmers know What the grub-worm really is, or can ex- plain the presence of the small White worm in fruit? Seeing that they must come face to face with such questions as these, isn,t it more im- portant that they know how to answer them, than that they know the exact location of the Punch Bowl or the exact way in Which Kablu made the roof of his house? While teaching insects do not fail to men- tion the useful ones. Let the boy know the relation between the absence of bumble bees and the shortage in the clover seed crop, and you give him an incentive to protect rather than to destroy them. While teaching the insect pests incidentally teach the importance of birds. Show that the majority of Indiana birds are beneficial rather than destructive. Let the pupils see that the .laws protecting the game birds have behind them a good purpose. and the tendency to break them Will be lessened. , Many people of the rural districts need to be educated along the lines of public health. The mention of disease germs to the average farmer does not carry a very definite idea to his mind. 110 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The exaggerated cut in the newspaper, the false descriptions of the street corner quack, or the absurdities of the patent medicine show, constitute his source of knowledge of bacteria. A few well chosen experiments Will help to overcome these false ideas. Let the child pre- pare some potato culture media by simply boil- ing some potatoes until he is sure that nothing could be alive in or upon them. Upon the cut surface of one of the potatoes let him make a line with his finger nail; let a fly crawl across the cut surface of another potato. Then place each culture in a jelly cup Which has been steril- ized by boiling and set away for three or four days. If these cultures are carefully made and kept in a warm place, colonies of bacteria Will be produced that can be seen readily Without the use of'the microscope. But better still, if the teacher has at his command a good com- pound microscope let him mount 'some of the water in Which peas have been soaking for sev- eral days and examine the moving forms. Ex- plain the tubercles 0n the roots of the clover and show the bacteria that produced them. Teach the reason for clover fertilizing the soil. Aren,t such facts as these worth while to the person Who is going to spend the greater part of his life on the farm? All of this takes valuable time, and it is quite likely that the teacher Will feel that he cannot spare it. The only argument I have to offer to this excuse is that it is worth While. In the past few years the trend of emigration has been from the country to the city. The problem of national government has come to mean the In the hills of life there are two trails. problem of city government. The schools of the country are largely to blame for this con- dition. The child has been educated away from the farm, not for it. A rational course of nature study or ele- mentary agriculture introduced into the rural schools will give the boy an interest in things around home. He Will stay Where he is inter- ested. Let him see that the farmers work is important enough to receive a place in the school and his attitude towards the farm Will change. . It is evident that in order to arouse any en- thusiasm in nature study the teacher must be sincere. He must be a believer in his course; he must feel that he has something worth while to offer. This Will enable him to perform as pleasures, tasks that would otherwise be drudgeries. Finally, let me add, that While nature study should have the practical element, it should not be robbed of the beautiful. The color of the sky, the song of the bird and the beauty of the flower are important factors in the develop- ment of the childts aesthetic sense and as such are worthy of notice. Keats has well said, ttA thing of beauty is a joy foreverf but the fact remains that the beauties of the world go un- noticed by him that lacketh bread. The child must be prepared for his struggle for exist- ence. The law of the survival of the fittest ap- plies to man as well as to the lower animals. It is the duty of the teacher to make his pupils fit to survive. One lies along the higher sunlit fields Where those Who journey see afar, and the light lingers even when the sun is down; and one leads to the lower ground, Where those WhO travel, as they go, look always over their shoulders With eyes of dread, and gloomy shadows gather long be- fore the day is done. ' -Harold Bell Wright. Vr, -W . eWFW-MWWVWW v WWW , THE NORMAL ADVANCE 111 The TwO-Faced Heathen W. F. MITCHELL, '10 A11 heathen are not two-faced, and perhaps all two-faced individuals are not heathens, but this heathen was two-faced, and stayed in a little brown house on a hill. Many, many years have passed since he was first worshiped in that house, and we should seldom think of him now if his namesake did not hold a celebration once a year in his honor. The people who came to see him called him Janus. His namesake is J anuary. J anus was pre-eminently a god of beginnings and entrances tjamly, and was therefore in- voked at the beginning of each prayer, and at the beginning and the end of every war. In the spring, when the work of the husbandmen began anew, sacrifices of wine, fruit, meal, salt, and frankincense were made to him. All gates, entrances, and doors were sacred to him, and he therefore carried a key in his hand to open and to lock them. He had the body of a man, but had two faces. The Romans under Numa had the Etruscan workmen to make a statue of him. It was made of bronze and was about seven feet high. . Leading north from the thickly settled part of Rome, up the hill and away from the Forum, lay, side by side, the ditch or Oloaca Mamima, still visible and only partly covered over, and the important street, Argiletum. At the lower end of this street tinfirnum Argz'letumq, near the Curia and in the Cornitium, Numa built the chapel for the two-headed J anus. The statue was placed in the center of the temple, one face turned toward the rising sun and the other to- ward its setting. The chapel could hardly be called a temple; it was. simply a passage consisting of two parallel arched gateways, connected by side walls, and furnished with gates. The walls formed a rectangle. They were not so high as the doors, but were surmounted by gratings. These gratings and the arches above the gates supported an entablature of two parts, which extended around the building. There was no roof. The temple and gates were made of bronze. When the Roman city on the Palatine and the Sabine city on the Quirinal were united, Numa erected this temple in the Cornitium, through which the armies passed in going to or returning from war. We may think of this act as the beginning of the Roman people as a nation. The gates of the temple were kept open in time of war and closed in time of peace, to signify that in peace the two communities were separate, but in war, united for mutual protection. It was also to signify that the city was not closed against soldiers coming home from war. Romulus had made the year to consist of ten months, March tnamed from the Roman god of war, Marsy being the first month in the year. Numa, the successor of Romulus, saw that this division was faulty. He was a man of peace, and did not wish' to honor Mars with the first place on the calendar, so he added two new months to the calendar, making the first month of the year January, from Janus, the god of beginnings, and the last one of the year, Febru4 ary, tfrom febmay. February was kept as the last month in the year until 452 B. 0., when the Decemvirs changed the order and placed Feb- ruary the month of purification, as the second month of the year. By the plan of Romulus, September was the seventh tseptz'musi month, October was the eighth tocta'vusi, November was the ninth tnonusi. Since J anuary and February were placed at the beginning of the year, there seems to be a discrepancy in that thellast months of the year do not bear an or- 112 dinal relation to their derived names. Septem- ber is the ninth instead of the seventh, October is the tenth instead of the eighth, etc. By the Julian Calendar, established by Caesar 46 B. C., the beginning of the year was made March 25. This date was retained until 1582, when the Gregorian Calendar was made and adopted in Catholic Europe by Pope Greg- ory XIII. This calendar made J anuary 1 the beginning of the year. Most of the nations of the continent had adopted the Gregorian Ca1- endar in 1700. Sweden and Russia held off for many years, Sweden adopting it a little later,.but Russia falling in line only just re- cently. Owing to popular and religious prejudice, England had not adopted the Gregorian Cal- endar in 1750. It was very confusing to have dates in England eleven days behind those on the continent. By the efforts of Lord Chester- field the new style was adopted by Parliament in 1751. It was decreed that September 3 of 17 52 should be accounted as September 14 of THE NORMAL ADVANCE the same year. The populace could not under- stand the action, so they thought it was some scheme to rob them of the eleven days. Here arose the popular phrase, iiGive us back our eleven days? However, the government put them at ease by ordering that all employees should be paid in full time. This act of Parlia- ment had the same effect in America that it had in England. So, really, Washington was born February 11, instead of F ebruary 22. However by the change of 17 5.2, February 11 was made ' February 22, the date usually given as his birth. There is something significant about having J anuary as the first month of the year. As the two-faced J anus looked toward the rising and the setting of the sun and cast glances retro- spective of the past year, and prospective of the new year, even we, having looked backward at the year as it sinks from sight, imitating the Roman god of beginnings, cast our eyes toward the rising of a new year, and consecrate our resolutions to keep our minds open for the good while our spirits battle for the right. The Fib-Story Tooth MARY McBETH, c. c., '12 Henry was a dear little boy and everybody loved him, and yet he did something which was very naughty; he told fib-stories. Henryls papa was a minister, so a great many people thought that Henry ought to be very good, and that he ought to be an example for the other little boys, as his father was for the big people. Henry was just like the other boys, however; having a minister for a father did not change him the least bit. His papa and mamma were worried, and tried to get him to stop telling fib-stories, but he would not stop, because of something which noboby knew about. He just kept on telling about things which never happened at all, and trying to make people believe that they did happen. One day an old, solemn-looking minister was eating dinner with Henryls father, and, right at the table Henry began to cry, and when his mother asked him what was the matter, he said: iiMy arm hurts where the big bear hit itfl His mamma tried to change the subject, be- cause she was afraid a iib-story was coming, but the visitor did not understand, so he asked about the bear, and Henry said: itWhen I was going along to the grocery a great, big bear-Oh! the greatest biggest bear you ever saw, jumped out at me and said, th- u! Wu! at me, and I list acted like I wasnt scared a bit, and I said real loud, tG0 way from here? like that, and-and he jumped at me and bit my arm and it hurts? Then the solemn looking minister said tth W and did not smile at all, but looked solemneif than ever. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 113 Henryls mamma was so ashamed that she almost cried, and his father looked stern and , said, ttHenry, go up stairs at once, and wait for me? Poor Henry did not want to go up stairs and miss the pudding tpink pudding it was, with whipped cream and candied cherries on tom, but he went. He stayed in papals study a long time, thinking of the pudding. Then papa came and said, ttShow me your arm? Henry rolled up his sleeve and looked ques- tioningly at his dimpled, little elbow, just as if he could not understand why it was there. Then he said quickly: ciOh, papa, look at that birdW but it was no use; papa was very stern and determined, and would not be led aside. itWhy did you disgrace your mother and me by saying that a bear had chased you'll, wCause, papa, icause it didethe great big- gesPll tNo, son, it did not, because there are no bears closer than a hundred miles, and they are in a cage? ttOh, yes, papa? he persisted, itIt was a bear; a play bear. It was Little Cat you know? Henryls papa told him that this was another fib-story; tlie, he called it, being a 'ministery, and tried to show him why he must not tell fib-stories, but Henry could not understand. By and by he got sleepy and cried because he was sleepy and wanted some pink pudding. Then papa went down stairs and told mamma that he thought Henry understood now, be- cause he had cried. They soon found that they were mistaken, however, because when a boy cries for pudding, it does not mean that he un- derstands. This is the way it came about: A poor farmer named Mr. Boggs, who belonged to Henry,s fatherls church, wanted to pay some- thing to the minister, therefore, as he had no money, he brought a chicken. Now, Mr. Boggs meant to do a generous thing, but the chicken was very tough, so tough, indeed, that even Little Cat could not'eat it, so the minister took it out into the garden, dug a hole, and buried it, and Henry knew all this, because he 'had carried the tire-shovel into the garden and had helped to dig the hole. In spite of this fact, the very next Sunday V morning after church, Henry ran up to Mr. Boggs, shook hands with him, and said very graciously: ttMr. Boggs, that chicken was list fine. It was the best chicken I ever ate? The ministerls wife then told Mr. Boggs that it was very kind of him to give the chicken to them, but she did not say that it was the best chicken she had ever eaten, because she had not eaten it. As they went home, she held Henryls hand very tightly, and looked troubled. Finally she asked: ttDarling, what made you tell Mr. Boggs that you ate that tough old chicken, and that you liked it? - ttWell, mammafl he answered thoughtfully. tTll tell you what made me. I thought it would make him feel good; papa said he was so poor? The boy was so innocent and sincere about it, that, of course, mother could not scold, but when they got home she took him in her arms, and rocked him, and told him that anything which was not true was a falsehood, and so it was wrong, even if it was-meant to make some one ttfeel good? Also, she told Henry that he must stop telling fib-stories, because if he grew to be a big man and still told such things, every one would laugh at him and make fun of him. The she cried a little and kissed Henry, and he cried too, and mother thought that he would ' stop telling fib-stories. But the reason he cried was because he did not like to see mother cry, and not because he thought iib-stories were wrong. In the afternoon, Henry and Little Cat went out into the yard, but they did not play, for Henry was thinking very hard. He was angry with papa and mamma, because they did not want him to tell fib-stories, and he never cOuld tell that a story was going to be a fib-story un- til afterward, when they told him and scolded him. He was' So angry and abused 'that he thought he would 'run away and hide, and 114 : THE NORMAL ADVANCE maybe never come back; then perhaps papa and mamma would be frightened and sorry. Little Cat quite agreed, so they went away out to the back of the garden, by Mr. Boggs, chickenis grave, and stayed a long time, at least it seemed a long time, but they did not have a very en- joyable time. At last it began to get dark. Henry thought papa and mamma would be sorry by this time, so he and Little Cat went into the house. The house was so still that he thought his parents must be out hunting for him, but they were sitting on the front porch talking and did not seem a bit sorry, for, really, they did not know that their son had left them forever. When Henry thought of his wasted afternoon, he was angrier than ever, but thought he would frighten them anyhow, so he jumped out of the door and yelled, ttBoo-ooPi as loudly as he could. At least he meant to jump out at the door, but he jumped into it in- stead, and the edge of the door was so sharp that it made a big, ugly bumped place, as big as a dollis saucer, on Henry,s head. The bump- ed place hurt so much that papa had to carry Henry up stairs and put him in his little bed, and mamma had to tie his head up in brown paper and Vinegar. After a long time,-Henry went to sleep, and then a very funny thing happened. He opened his mouth so that he could sleep better, and a pretty, little fairy, dressed in diamonds and blue chiffon, came and crawled inside his mouth and pulled out a tooth, but it did not hurt be- cause she was a fairy. She took the tooth and threw it away out in the back yard where mamma throws the dishwater, and it was Henryis iib-story tooth. In the morning when Henry woke up, he be- gan to cry, and when mamma came and asked what was the matter, he thought he would tell her that the big bear had bitten him again, but he could not because that was not true, so he just said that his bumped place hurt. Then mamma kissed the place, and asked him how it had happened to get bumped, and he thought he would say that he was just walking along and it just happened to happen, but he could not say that, because it was not true and his fib-story tooth was gone. So he told her about hiding and trying to scare her and papa, and about everything else, and then he cried and cried, andymamma thought he cried only be- cause the bumped place hurt, for she did not know about the fairy; she did not even know that Henry had had a fib-story tooth. No one knew except the fairy, and Little Cat, who can see when he is asleep. But, really, Henry was crying because he was sorry he had been so naughty and had told so many fib-stories. Henry never told any more fib-stories as long as he lived for the reason that he could not, be- cause they were not true, and because his fib- story tooth was gone. The Gift of A Loving Heart MARY FUNICAN tTd do a power for Miss Emily? Sammie paused to hand a drink to Mammy Lou. itYesfi he repeated in the slow, musical accents peculiar to his race, de do a power for Miss Emily? He stood on the old well stoop back of Mammy Louis cabin. He balanced himself on one ' stubby foot, while with the other, he tossed up his ragged coon-skin cap. His coarse trousers were no darker than his round face, and his flannel shirt was no brighter than the red of his lips. And his eyes-but Sammieis eyes always shone when he was interested. The particular person under discussion was Miss Emily. Who was Miss Emily? Why, to be sure, her name is not honored in history, but it was honored in the Maple Grove district. Yea, it was more than honored, it was loved. For she was Sammieis teacher and she was also his r r s l i THE NORMAL ADVANCE 115 queen, his idol. Today the school children were planning to honor her birthday. To be sure that would be the thirteenth of April, and it was now only the middle of March. However, the little ones had been making arrangements as to what each .one should give her. Some of the children had wealthy parents, and all of them could bring something. Sammie alone had been left out. He had heard spiteful little Marie White say that of course they would not expect Mammy Louis Sammie to bring any- thing. People who live in log-cabins, with pigs in their front yards, were not expected to be very rich or very generous. Poor Sammie had turned away, with a lump in his throat, saying, ttMarie will see. Ild do a power for Miss Emily? So he would. Now he had just succeeded in begging from Mammy Lou her best geranium. Her best was a small, rather forlorn looking plant, but a month would work wonders. At any rate, Sammie thought so, as he selected the sunniest corner of the window for his treasure. He had often heard Miss Emily say that she loved geraniums and the boy felt sure that she would be pleased with this one. Sammie was a very happy boy for the next three weeks. How diligently he watered that plant, and how carefully he tended it. There was not another geranium in the Maple Grove district that received such attention. Was he not working for Miss Emily? How he would surprise his schoolmates! He had not ventured to trust any of them with his secret. Even stolid Mammy Lou grew interested. After all, Sammie thought that this world was not so dreary as he had once supposed. At length the Monday before the eventful Thursday arrived. The boys work had not been bestowed in vain. The plant had grown and already there was a large bud among the green leaves. By Thursday a big red blossom would be his reward. He had brought the geranium out' on the back stoop, that he might water it. Then he heard the shrill voice of Mammy Lou calling him to the garden. Those contrary chickens were scratching in the potato hills again. When the last chicken had been driven to the proper place, the family cow was discovered in the meadow. Sammie ran in after her, but it was quite a task to drive her from such tempting headquarters. Finally, coatless, hatless, and almost breathless, the little colored boy raced back to the well stoop and his plant. But alas! In his excitement Sammie had forgotten that his pet pig, Smutty, was in the yard. But Smutty had not forgotten the green thing that his small master had set down. With the curiosity of his kind, he walked upon the stoop, and ran his short nose into the flower pot. As the pot was on the edge, pot and flower had tumbled to the ground and poor, fat, clumsy Smutty had rolled after them. When Sammie returned there was the once pretty plant hopelessly crushed and broken, and the beautiful bud lying on the ground under Smutty,s feet. Ah! Sammiels black eyes did not shine so brightly then, and his round face grew long and narrow. Indeed, he felt too badly to scold Smutty, so he laid the broken pieces of the plant gently on the window seat and ran OR to school. Miss Emily wondered Why the little kinky head went down on the desk so often and why the little black hand did not wave in her face as often as usual. But her kindlquestions brought out no satisfactory explanation. Supper was a quiet meal at Mammy Lou,s that evening. IMoney was very scarce at the little home and as mammy said in reply to her sonls feeble request for a few pennies, she had none to be wasted in buying gifts for other persons. . That evening Sammie was sent to J udge Mor- tonls on an errand. He noticed several sheets of tissue paper on the iloor. Annabel explained that her big sister had been making flowers from them. Make flowers from paper! Could it be true? Why not have Mammy make some for Miss Emily? Annabel gave him four or five big sheets and he ran eagerly homeWard. Mammy Lou expostulated warmly at lirst, but it ended in her making some flowers. Meantime Sammie washed dishes, cooked, and hoed in the garden. It was a busy week 116 THE NORMAL ADVANCE nm and his back and arms ached when night came. But he was contented and even murmured in his sleep, tTd do a power for Miss Emily? When Thursday came a bunch of red and white roses had been prepared by Mammyis stiff fingers. After all, he would have an offer- ing for ttteacherfi but he would still sigh as he thought of the crushed geranium. If only Miss Emily were pleased with them! As he went to school he held his handkerchief over the bouquet. It protected the roses from the wind and then, too, spiteful Marie might see them and laugh. Then a horrible thought came to him. What if Miss Emily were ashamed of them. But Sammie need not have feared. Many beautiful flowers, many beautiful remembrances were placed on her desk but she found room for his bouquet. When evening came she thanked all the children for their gifts, and ex- pressed her love for the beautiful flowers. Then rising, she held up Sammieis bouquetfsaying, that while their flowers would wither, his would remain fresh and pretty. They should be placed on her desk every day that year. Even Jack Frost could not harm them. Then the teacher said something about the heart that prompted the gift being even more loving than the roses. Then she smiled at Sammie. Sammie did not understand the speech, but he did un- derstand the smile, and in happiness that night he almost fell over Mammy Lou on the back stoop. His eyes told the story and the old woman did not need his joyful, tTd do a power for Miss Emily? to know that at last the geranium was forgotten. The Rochester Convention LOIS ANN RUTLEDGE, C. C., '10 The convention held in Rochester, New York, December 29 to J anuary 2, was the sixth inter- national convention of the student volunteer movement. These conventions are held once in four years, or once in each student generation, and so embrace in their scope the last quarter century, which has. been one of marked pro- gress in the mission world. The movement is, as the name states, a movement and not an or- ganization. It had its beginning in 1886, when Dwight L. Moody called a small group of young men together for prayer, and from the deep religious spirit of this group there sprang the movement which now embraces nearly all the colleges of North America. The purpose of the' movement is two-fold; first, that of recruiting, and second, that of maintaining the home base. As a recruiting . agency the movement keeps in close touch with the student body through the Y. M. and Y. W. C. A., on the one hand, and with the mission boards of the churches on the other. In this way it is able to form a very; close link be- tween the students who are capable and ready to do the work, and the fields where the work is crying out to be done. The fact that within the space of twenty-Iive years nearly one-third of the missionaries have come from the volun- teer ranks is ample proof of the efficiency of the movement. The challenge comes to the students of N orth America in a strong and peculiar way. It comes not only from the needy fields across the sea, and from South America, but even from the mission boards and churches of our own land. The laymanls missionary movement is the newest and probably the most significant or- ganization of the home base. Composed of churchmen of every denomination who are also the business men of America, it is both relig- ious and wealthy. These men have awakened to the importance of the great campaign of evangelizing the world in this generation and are offering to support with prayers and funds an army of young people, Who, armed with the THE NORMAL ADVANCE 117 whole armor of God, shall go forth and possess the land for Him. The watch-word is another direct challenge, ttThe evangelization of the world in this gen- eration? Stop and think of the extent of the field, the time limit placed, and the purpose as- signed. The opportunities are also greater now than ever before. There is not a true religion ex- cept the Christian religion in all Asia. The prevelant unrest, both religious and political throughout the whole east shows that this is the opportune time. It is the living Christ for which these na- tions wait and it is this Christ alone Who is able to satisfy all their needs, both temporal and spiritual. But even He who alone can save, cannot save the world alone. We must be witnesses for Him at home and even to the ends of the earth. The burning question for the student body today is not ttIs Christianity worth propagat- ingW That is beyond question, but ttIs the Christianity of the students of N orth America worth propagatingW Personally for each one, tiIs my Christianity worth propagating?,l Do I realize that my life is a living epistle seen and read of all men, and what is this life epistle as seen and read by God? It is indeed a solemn thought but we can not be wholly honest with ourselves until we face the answer. Once an- swered and our life purpose definitely deter- mined the details will follow naturally. It matters not whether the call to service is in America or China, in school or church or home. The end is the same, and the hearty service will give real joy sure of eternal reward. The whole world Field was presented by the speakers. Rev. Deering of the Baptist board of missions, said that the new political, commer- cial, and educational conditions brought about by the,west in J apan gave great religious need there. J apan may also be the key to China, for there are today eight thousand Chinese in the schools of Tokyo. Dr. Oldmans, of the German Reformed Church, gave the following evidences of the work of the Holy Spirit in J apan. The people have been taught by true missionaries the word and spirit of Christ. They are very ready and eager to spread the gospel story. The students of the country were the first ones reached and are very influential. They seem to recognize no denominationalism. They are ambitious to organize the native churches under self-govern- ment by means of self-support to carry on self- propagation. Mr. J . P. Jones spoke on the present day need of statesmanship. Of statesmen who hold Christ supreme throughout their life and work, having no hesitency to declare the mission and power of this Christ and His unique and uni- versal religion. The new Asia politically will be formed within this generation, and the influence of the missionaries will be a large factor in the de- termining of the action of the natives during this period of reconstruction. Dr. Zwamer from Arabia brought a message laden with the needs and opportunities of the Islam world. The firm faith which the natives have in the prophet Mohammed makes the con- flict there one between the two personalities, and the firmest faith and the strongest lives will be demanded to gain the victory. There are about thirty million Mohammedans in Persia Arabia and Turkey, and among this host a small band of six hundred missionaries are serving as the leaven which is to leaven the whole lump. Then comes the cry from the millions in dark- est Africa where from the Nile to the Kongo and from Tripoli to the Free State every vil- lage and hamlet thirst for the water of life. Robt. E. Speer spoke of the South Ameri- can field in the most convincing manner. The needs there are simply appalling and the forces now at Werk are calling for re-enforcements on every hand. N ever was such a challenge uttered as came from these men who represented the whole world field. Mr. Marley, a layman from New York City, spoke of the money power in relation to the 118 THE NORMAL ADVANCE M Kingdom emphasising our stewardship and its responsibilities. He estimated roughly that there must be something like twenty-flve bil- lions of dollars in the hands of Christians and spoke of its utter uselessness unless linked With personality, and its limitless possibilities When linked with the personality of the living, loving Christ. Embassador J ames Bryce, of Great Britain, spoke of the relation of the student world to the Kingdom, reminding us that the presence of non-Christian Americans in foreign lands made the need for Christians doubly great. His final counsel after a broad, strong argument, was ciWherefore my beloved brethern be stead- fast, immovable always abounding in the work of the Lord? The call for teachers comes not only from the missions but from the government schools. The peculiar opportunity of normal students is that of exceptional training. If we are perfectly honest with ourselves we will face boldly the answers to the question, tiAm I making the very best use possible of my time, strength, educa- tion and money'W And if the answer today does not seem satisfactory, we may change it before tomorrow, and do our part, however small, to hasten the time when tiJesus shall reign Whereier the sun doth his successive journeys run? For itThe earth is mine and the fullness thereof, the sea and they that dwell therein? and the victory will be won tiNot by an army, nor by power, but by my spirit, saith Jehovah of Hosts? Always I hope that some traveller may have more news of the way than I, and sooner or later, I find I must make inquiry of the direc- tion of every thoughful man I meet. And I have always had a special hope of those who study the sciences; they ask such intimate ques- tions. of nature. Theology possesses a vain- gloriousness Which places its faith in human theories; but science, at its best, is humble be- fore nature herself. It has no thesis to defend; it is content to kneel upon the earth, in the way of my friend the old professor, and ask the simplest questions, hoping for some true reply. e-Damid Grayson. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 119 The Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR WALDO F. MITCHELL ------------- Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN . - ------------ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ............... Society Editor J ESSE Woon ..................... Athletic Editor $331333sz 1 : C 1 : 1 j j j : : 3 Local and Alumni Editors CHLOE HOUGHTON ...... i .......... Senior Editor GRACE COLGLAZIER .................. J unior Editor CLYDE SHAW . . . . . . . ........ Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross ................. College Course Editor Editor-in-Chief BUSINESS STAFF CALVIN H. PFINGST ................ Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS .............. Advertising Managers ADA! BOWLES ................ Circulation Man er CLYDE Snow ax BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ez-Omcio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM. WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0., Secretary WM. H. CAIN, '10, MR. SCHOPMEYER. '11 WM. UNVERFETH, 12 Published monthly from October to J une. inclusive. Terms ..................... $1.00 per Year Single Copies . . . .............. 10 Cents Commencement Number ---------------- 35 Cent Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE. Terre Haute. Ind. ' Upon change of address immediately notify TEE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terre Haute ijt ojfice as serum! class mail matter. In the normal school, in the college, and in the university the student is in touch daily With men and things which either stimulate or 0p- press him. The first place to search for the reason of this condition is in the personal habits and interests of the students. But the student does not always locate the source of his inspiration in the right place. When he has considered his habits and his interests, he should then turn and consider his instructors. WhoeVer gives him a reach, a grasp, and a wonderful view ahead, with that man let him work all he can. The student should not avoid the courses that he does not like simply because he does not like them or the man who offers them, but he is wise who follows his inspiration. The ADVANCE presents an opportunity to do something Which will redound to the honor of his class and school. The publication of a meri- torious story, or a well written theme on any subject of general or scientiiic interest is always a sign of a healthy regard for scholarship in the school and of the class from which it comes. Furthermore, it is a sign of practical energy, which, when coupled with practical scholar- ship, is the greatest wealth that the student can possess. The ADVANCE has little trouble in filling its columns, but it is believed that if the trouble were increased by the amount of material from which the staff would have to choose the value of the paper to the students and the alumni of I. S. N . would be increased proportionately. We have received many letters from alumni and undergraduates containing information, suggestions, and encouragement. These have, one and all, been of value in the work we are doing. We thank the writers, and hope to re- ceive much more material of value as the year goes on. Communications received by the ADVANCE in- dicate that next commencement will be visited by many alumni from all over the country, some of whom have not been in Terre Haute for many years. The dedication of the new library and the celebration of the twenty-fifth anniver- sary of service of W.-W. Parsons as president, seem to mark the spring of 1910 as the aus- picious time for a reunion. Indeed, I. S. N. S. seems to be on the threshold of a period of use- fulness that shall all but eclipse her remarkable accomplishment of the past forty years. For most men the chief 'value of education is in the training of the individual to judge the worth of men, to read character, to discern m0- tive, to sense the moral significance of policies, and cling to the men who ring true. ' Munstewberg. lrmrp', 177;; 120 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ATHLETICS Basket ball season was opened at I. S. N. on Saturday evening, January 8, when our boys went down to a crushing defeat before the Rose Poly team. Although our team as a whole was out-classed, yet some of our men were in the thickest 'of the fray at all times and showed that they had some skill in the game as well as the Engineers. The following is the line-up and summary of the game: Normal tlD. Positions. Rose Poly 755x Unverferth. . Forward .. .Webster, Capt. Ray .............. Forward ........... Wente Nugent, Capt. J ackson ........... Center ........... H0 Ener Laughlin .......... Guard . . . . . . . ..Sandau Osborne .......... Guard ............ Rahm Montgomery Offut Field goals, Webster 7, Wente 7, HoEner 8, Offut 2, Rahm, Unverferth 2, Nugent, Mont- gomery. Foul goals, Hoffner 5, Ray 2, Un- verferth. Referee, Dr. Guedal. Scorer, J Ohn- son. Time of halves, 20 minutes. On Friday, January 14, our boys. journeyed to Franklin, only to be beaten by that college. At time of writing the particulars of the game were not known as the team was enroute to Hanover college, where they were to play J an. 15, and had not returned to school. The fol- lowing is the line-up and summary: Normal 951- Positions. Franklin Hm. Unverferth ....... Forward ........... Brown Groheen, Constable. . . . . Forward ............. Ray Nigers ............ Center ..... Nugent, Capt. Wagner ........... Guard ...... Montgomery Guard ......... Laughlin Burton, Richey. . . Field goals: Brown 3, Constable 3, Myers 3, Wagner 6, Richey 4, Unverferth, Ray. Foul goals, Brown 2, Unverferth. At a recent meeting of the Athletic Board the following oiiicers were elected: Track manager, Homer Bash; tennis manager, Miss Stubbs; basket ball manager, Otto Christy. NORMAL HIGH SCHOOL. Normal High opened the basket ball season by defeating the Clay City High School team in the Normal Gym, Friday evening, J an. 7. The goal throwing of Regan was the feature of the game. Normal High was humbled for the first time this year by Wiley High, by the score of 22-10, in a rough and tumble contest in the Normal Gym. The team work of Wiley and the goal throwing 0f Hegarty won the game, the latter scoring 15 0f Wileyis 22 points. Capt. Gillum played the best game for the Normal High and it was through his efforts that the score was kept down. The following is line-up and summary: Ngrmal High 10. Position Wiley 22. Neukom ......... Forward ........... Kelley Whissen ......... Forward ..... Scott, Burns Seeburger ......... Center . .Hegarty Regan ............ Guard ....Farris, Tressel Gillum tCath Guard Poggensee tCath Field goals, Whissen 2, Seeburger, Regan, Hegarty 4, Kelley, Scott, Poggensee. Foul goals, Neukom, Seeburger, Hegarty 7. Referee, Kisner. Umpire, Oii'uth. Timers, Melisher and Rowe. Time of halves, 20 minutes. x We of the modern world seem to have lost in great measure, the power of wonder and de- light in the marvelous, the beautiful, the strange and subtile things of life. 4Harold Bell Wright. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 121 Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. ST. THOMAS ACQUINAS. The St. Thomas Aquinas Club met J anuary 7 for the purpose of reorganization. Miss Ada Welte was elected to till the oHices 0f secretary and treasurer which were made vacant by the resignation of Miss Cecilia Concannon. Several questions of interest were introduced and discussed. It is the purpose of the club to have a regular program each meeting which shall be planned by the program committee. All Catholic students who are not yet mem- bers are cordially invited to join the club. Regular meetings will be held each Friday in Room 25 at 4:10 oiclock. 17.111. 0. A. The work of this association is growing as the year passes. This term we already have a larger enrollment than last and there is at present a campaign on with the following aim: tiAll the Young Men in the Association? For this contest the Association membership is or- ganized into five teams with a captain over each. After the contest, which Will last five days, a banquet will be held in the Association rooms. There is to be no prize given, but the team securing the largest number of new mem- bers will be seated at tithe honor tab1e7i while the team getting the fewest new members serves the refreshments t0 the winning team. The joint reception given by the two Associ- ations t0 the new students was quite a success. The Object of these receptions is social. It gives the new students an oportunity to meet the old and all of the students an opportunity to meet the faculty, thereby strengthening the friendly feeling and social relations of teachers and students. The Y. M. boys are delighted with their roem in the New Normal Library. It is the south- west room in the basement and will be the head- quarters of the Association. Messrs. Barbie, Cain and Wood attended the Student Inter- national Volunteer convention at Rochester, N. Y., during the holiday vacation. They came back full of enthusiasm and feel as if it was the trip of a life time. The following officers have resigned from Cabinet portfolios: Mr. Unverferth, member- ship; Mr. Winkler, social; Mr. Wood, treas- urer; Mr. Troth, secretary; Mr. Stalcup, mis- sion study. The new Cabinet as organized is as follows: Mr. Barbre', president; Mr. Mitchell, vice- president; Mr. Cain, general secretary; Mr. Milholland, corresponding secretary; Mr. Wel- burn, secretary; , treasurer. Chairmen of CommitteeseMr. Troth, mem- bership; Mr. Lidiky, religious meetings; Mr. Stalcup, social meetings; Mr. Kibbey, mission study; Mr. McCloud, Bible study; Mr. Davis, employment; Mr. Henry, visiting. Y. W- 0. A. The work of the Y. W. C. A. opened with bright prospects for the term. The girls assist- ed the new girls in finding rooms and register- ing, just as usual. The first meeting of the term was held with the Y. M. C. A., Jan. 11. Mr. Cain, Mr. Barbre,'Miss Elliott, Miss Rut- ledge and Miss Walter gave reports from the convention held at Rochester, N. Y., during the Christmas vacation. The following program has been. arranged for the term: J an. 18 ....................... Miss Rutledge Jan. 25 ........................ Miss Swihart F eb. 1 ......................... Mrs. Stimson F eb. 8 ........................... Mr. Baxter F eb. 15 ......... i ................ Miss Moran Feb. 22 ......................... Mr. Stalker 122 March 1 ....................... Mrs. McBeth March 8 ....................... Miss Parsons ' March 15 ..................... Mrs. Schlicher The meetings are held Tuesday at. 3:30 in the Literary rooms. All the women of the school are invited and urged to atend these meetings. Very much interest is being manifested in the blue and white contest conducted by the mem- bership committee. Miss Florence Peck is cap- tain 0f the Blues and Miss Zella Bundy 0f the Whites. THE NORMAL ADVANCE On Saturday afternoon, J an. 8, a reception was given for the girls of the school at the Association House, 414 North Sixth street. On F riday evening, J an. 14, the Y. M.'C. A. and Y. W. C. A. gave the term reception in the Association rooms. The large attendance of stu- dents and faculty members was highly appre- ciated by the Association members. The Mission and Bible study chairmen have arranged a series of mission and Bible study classes which are open to the student body. LITERARY CLUBS ORATORIUAL LEAGUE. Much interest has been manifested in the preliminary debating contest for the choice of positions upon the team to represent us in the interstate debate to be held here in May. The Normal University team of Normal, Illinois, has submitted the question upon the graduated income tax, There were twelve contesants in the prelimin- ary debate as follows: W. Cain, G. Colglazier, J. L. Henry, R. L. Hunter, J . J . Huiford, G. Johnston, W. F. Mitchell, J . W. Moreland, C. Shaw, E. L. Welborn. The question debated was the value of the in- determinate sentence. The judges, Professors Bogardus, Mutterer, and Clippenger had some difficulty in making a decision, so keen was the competition, and picked the following four men: Mitchell, Cain, Henry, and HuHord. The preliminary oratorical contest will take place on Friday, Feb. 11. A number have al- ready entered the list. Those winning first and second places will represent the local normal in the International Peace Association contest at Wabash College, and the Central Oratorical League contest at Athens, Ohio, later in the spring. 01 OERONI AN . The Ciceronian Society is entering upon the winter term with renewed enthusiasm. A num- ber of associate members were here during the holidays and their Ciceronian friends found their presence very encouraging. Among them were Messrs. Reeve, Shoeppel, Stirwalt, and Schorling. All of these men are having much success in their work. The members regret that Messrs. Schleicher and Unverferth are not in school this term, and also that Mr. Winkler is unable to do active work because of the fact that he is temporarily in charge of grades seven and eight in the training school. Mr. Huiford has become a Ciceronian, and in him the society has a strong man. The Daedalian Society has challenged the Ciceronian Society to a joint debate, and the challenge has been accepted. The question is, Resolved, That a graduated iricome tax would be a desirable modification of our system of Federal taxation. The reading and interpreta- tion of the question are to be that used in the interstate contest. The Ciceronian Society has the affirmative side of the question. The date is April 15. DAEDALIAN. The Daedalians are entering upon the new termis work with prospects of interesting and beneficial results ahead. All of the members ' THE NORMAL ADVANCE 123 T: of last term are back in school and at their posts of duty. During the meeting of the State Teachers Association at Indianapolis a number of Daeda- lians took advantage of the opportunity to greet each other in a friendly way. Even if distance separates this circle of friends they are keep- ing in close touch with each other. Those Who were present Dec. 29, at the Claypool to re- new the bonds of friendship and good will were P. M. Watson, Pimento; Will Anderson, Terre Haute; J. W. Cory, Eaton; J. M. Eddy, Cooper; R. F. East, Letts; L. C. Campbell, Vincennes; T. C. Parker, Algiers, and H. C. Martin, Versailles. Regrets were received from several other members. ' FORUM. The Forum is still maintaining its high stand- ard of work and attendance. The boys are loyal and always ready to perform any duty assigned to them. The society at present has its full quote of membership. At our first regular meting of this term, J an. 8, the following term officers were elected: Pro- gram committee, Kibbey, OlNeal; treasurer, Wood. Mr. Wood was treasiirer last term and be- cause he makes such a good money getter, ' saver and spender the society unanimously re- elected him. The following is the full membership with the home address of the boys. This is given by request of the old members who have left the institution in former years: G. E. Cromwell, Ashboro, Ind.; Lee S. Troth, Spencer, Ind.; B. F loyd Stalcup, Hard- ingsburg, Ind.; Claude O,Neal, Amo, Ind.; Ray Jared, Terre Haute; Cecil A. Kibbey, Terre Haute; D. R. Henry, Windfall, Ind.; M. K. Dayis, Bedford, Ind.; Guy Johnson, Sals- .bery, Ind.; Jesse A. Wood, Bedford, Ind.; Butler Lauglin, Robinson, Ind.; Fred Volkers, Evansville, Ind. Holiday doings of the boys: Mr. Wood attended the International Stu- dentsa convention at Rochester, N. Y. Mr. Stalcup attended the State Teachers, As- sociation at Indianapolis. Mr. Kibbey visited relatives at Danville, Ill. Mr. J ared Visited his sister in the country near here. ' Mr. OlNeal tthunted rabbits? The other boys visited relatives and ttsistersil at home. PHILOMATHEAN. On Monday afternoon, Dec. 28, the Philoma- thean Literary Society elected the following of- ficers for the winter term: Margaret Hardy, president; Wilma Hessian, vice-president; Eliz- abeth Underwood, secretary; Rae Goldman, parliamentarian; Edith Bader, sergant-at- arms; Chloe Siner, historian. The fall term was devoted to the study of Tolstoi and social conditions in Russia. The ' work for the winter term will be debating and the study of current events. A debate, to take place toward the close of the winter term, has been arranged for with the Alethenai Literary Society. The debaters chosen by the Philoma- thean Society are: Lois Rutledge, Rae Gold- man, and Helen Ross. Mr. Bacon spoke before the society, Monday afternoon, J an. 17. GERMAN CL 08. The German Club is an organization open to all students of German who desire to be mem- bers. It .holds its meetings every Tuesday evening at 3:30 oiclock in Room 36. At the first meeting of the club in the winter term the program consisted of the singing of a German song and a debate. At the second meeting Dr. Schlicher talked on a Visit to Germany. It is the plan of the club for this term to hold debates on particular subjects and also to be- come familiar with many of the German songs. The programs will be varied, however, by talks from members of the faculty and in other ways. About the middle of the term a Kafeeklatsch will be held in the Literary rooms. WA vgiwn pavwl V 124 ' THE NORMAL,ADVANCE SOCIETY . A FUDGE PARTY. On Wednesday afternoon before Christmas Prof. Cox entertained the students in the de- partment of botany and zoology at a tifudgeti party in the laboratory. Besides many kinds of fudge, popcorn, peanuts, and apples were served. Every one enjoyed the heatsh and the fun, and spoke of the aifair as a happy termina- tion of a well spent term. The students in the department, including Prof. Hyde and his classes, presented Prof. Cox with an oiiice chair. Mr. Youngblood made the presentation speech. In part he said: ttMr. Cox, we have certainly enjoyed, our- selves this afternoon eating and drinking. We wish to express our appreciation to you for the spirit of good fellowship shown us during the three months we have been with you, for we have found here a pleasant workshop. No un- kind words, no sarcasm have we heard in this laboratory, but you have always manifested a hearty interest in our welfare. With a deep sense of your many benefactions, these students here have requested me, in their name, to pre- sent to you this office chair as a token of our increasing admiration and esteem for you, and of our gratitude for your labors in our be- half? Prof. Cox thanked the students for their in- terest and appreciation of his efforts as a teacher, and hoped that his own personal re- gard for his students recompensed them for their regard for him. When he had finished, farewells were said for the term. ALPHA. As the closing event of the fall term the Alphas had a Christmas party at the home of Miss Arpy Curry on Wednesday evening, Dec. 22. Each girl received a gift from the Christ- mas tree and a good time was had by every- body. The Alphas entertained with a buifet lunch- eon at the home of Miss Carabelle Greiner on Thursday evening, Jan. 6. The guests were Misses Maxam, Horton, Mess and Hamilton. The Alphas had a chafing dish party at the- home of Miss Carabelle Greiner on Tuesday evening, Jan. 11, from 5 to 8 oiclock. The- menu consisted of creamed oysters in shells, . Welsh rarebit7 sandwiches, olives, pickles, cof- fee, ice cream, sherbet and cake. A 6 oiclock dinner was given by a number of the Alphas in the ordinary at the Filbeck on Thursday evening, J an. 13. The guests present were Misses Scudler, Hamilton, and Clip- penger. ATHLETA. Miss Franc Mensel entertained the members of the Athleta sorority and a few of the new students of the school, Thursday afternoon, J anuary 13. A chafing dish supper was a fea- ture of the evening. Miss Mensel was assisted in entertaining by the Misses Olive Davis, Pearl Kuhns, and Hazel Cohoon. Those pres- ent were Misses Elizabeth Kadel, Marie Rucker, Lois Rutledge, J essie Andrews, Cleone Stubbs, Estelle Doershuk, Edna Fischer, Lena Forbes, Pearl Kuhns, Ida Irminger, Franc Mensel, Olive Davis, Hazel Cohoon, Ada VVelte, Cecil Vinson, Ruth Alexander, and Edna Bratton. Saturday evening, J anuary 15, the young wo- men were entertained at supper by Miss Ada Welte at her home On Poplar street. JUNIOR. The Juniors meet in Room 17 on Thursday for the election of officers for the winter term. The meeting was called to order by Mr. Bass and the following officers were elected: Mr. Bass ......................... President I Mr. Bowles .................. Vice-President 1 5 1 I , 1 g THE NORMAL ADVANCE 125 Miss Fish ........................ Secretary Mr. Bash ......................... Treasurer Miss Black .. .............. A ....... Class Artist Mr. Troth ...................... Yell Master Mr. Byrne ..................... Class Editor Much enthusiasm was shown at this meeting which assures well attended class meetings this term. KAPPA. At the end of the fall term the Misses Glenn Scott and Blanche Beckes entertained the Kappas at 121 North Seventh street. A luncheon was served in the tea room which was prettily decorated with colors appropriate to the holiday season. Miss Charlotte McClod was initiated. The Misses Chloe Houghton, Mildred But- ler, Eleanor OiConnor, and Alice Kelsey en- tertained the chapter at 517 North Sixth street Saturday, January 8. The aifair was in the nature of a fortune party. A two course luncheon was served. The guests were the Misses Horton, Hess, Rousch, Toole, Wier, Lynch, and Whitehead. A theater party was given at the Grand, Sat- urday afternoon, J anuary 15. The guests were the Misses Rousch, Whitehead, Hess, Horton, and Lynch. Miss Ethel Hartley is again in school. A holiday tea was given Thursday, Dec. 30, by the Misses Myrtle Kitchell and Blanche Trueblood at the home of the former, No. 12 West Portland avenue, Vincennes, Ind.,at which they entertained the Kappas who were spend- ing the Xmas holidays at home. Quite a de- lightful time was enjoyed by all present. LLAMARADA. Wofd has been received from Indianapolis that the Llamaradas, who are now in that city and in adjoining towns, have organized them- selves into an active Llamarada section. November 30, 1909, the girls met and elected the following ofiicers: President, Anna Paul; vice-president, Lutrell Reeves; secretary, Elsie Cross; treasurer, Maybelle Carter. Meetings are held monthly. ' The aim of the organization is to keep active the good feeling of fellowship which the girls learned to love and cherish in the Llamarada section at the Indiana State Normal. . It is needless to say that the local section feels proud of this spirit on the part of its chapter. sisters. The Llamaradas have moved to their new home, 527 North Sixth street. Mrs. Rogers is their chaperon. There were not enough girls in to fill the house which they formerly occupied, nor were the privileges as many and as great as those which they now enjoy. Their present home is cosy and home-like, and the girls are very much delighted with it. Those living at the house are Anne Forbes, Lucille Stubbins, Lenore Burnam, Grace Burba, Bertha Bick- hart, and Minnie Parsons. The first social function which the girls have had at the house, since it has become a Lla- marada House, was held Tuesday, J an. 11, 1910 from 5 to 7, when the chapter entertained with a spread. The guests of the section were Mar- garet Hagan, Pearl Mason, Maud J ones, Gladys Toole, and Lola Runk. The members present were Lora Love, Golda Nantz, Louise Pickett, Florence Earlle, Lucille Stubbins, Bertha Bickhart, Anna Forbes, Grace Nantz, Lenore Burnam, Minnie Parsons, Margaret Lahey, Orpha Cole, Hazel Woolen, Grace Burba, Portia Fuqua, and Mrs. Chas. Mont- gomery. The girls feel that they are beginning what promises to be an ususually active and en- joyable term. , . Miss Lucile Stubbins, who withdrew last term, has re-entered. Miss Matilda Markle has gone to East Chi- cago to take charge of a school there. MU ZETA. The Mu Zeta chapter was entertained Satur- day afternoon, January 8, by Miss Minturn. The girls brought their sewing and those who 126 THE NORMAL ADVANCE did not have any were supplied by the hostess. Miss Minturn sang several beautiful selections, and Miss Way and Miss Connor rendered pleasing piano solos. The refreshments were delicious. The guests were Misses Clip- penger, Jaenish, Standiford, and Williams. Monday, January 10, the chapter gave a chafing dish supper at the home of Miss Kath- erine Kester. The guests were supplied with aprons and put to work. Miss Clippenger, who is a graduate of the Boston Conservatory of Music, rendered several beautiful piano solos. The guests were the Misses Clippenger, King, Wade, Standiford, and Williams. , The Mu Zetas and their friends enjoyed a taffy-pull Wednesday evening, January 12, at the home of Miss Helen Smick. The taffy and the fudge were the best the girls had ever eaten. MYOSOTIS. Miss Nellie Waller entertained some of the Myosotis girls and friends with a watch party, December 31. The house was effectively deco- rated with pennants. The evening was spent in playing games and in telling fortunes. An elaborate supper, especially designed to keep people awake, was served about the beginning of the new year, and the early morning was spent in pulling taffy. The guests were the Misses Norma Failing, Helen Sale, Lenora Rollings, Hazel and Anna- lee Shortridge, Cecilia Black, and Mary Mc- Beth, and Messrs. Evans, Caldwell, Madison, Hadley, Hall, Snyder, Black, and Waller. Miss Stella M. Albright is welcomed back by Myosotis sisters, after an absence from school of one term. There are just a dozen girls in the chapter this term. ROSA BONHEUR. Mrs. Wells entertained the Chapter at 302 North Fifth street, December 18. The house was beautifully decorated with the colors of the chapter, old rose and white. The after- noon-was spent in games, prizes being won by the Misses Cuzzart and Wallace. Refreshments were served in the dining room. The girls de- parted voting Mrs. Wells a royal entertainer. Those present were the Misses Laura Woody, Chloe Siner, Belva Cuzzart, Zella Bundy, Bertha R011, Kate Woody, Nellie Trobaugh7 Ethel Wallace, Lizzie Joslin, and Mrs. Wells. SENIOR. The senior class met J anuary 14 for its first meeting of the Winter term. a A short program was given as follows: Piano solo ........................ Miss Love Vocal solo .................. Mr. Youngblood Reading ...................... Mr. McClure The following officers were elected: President, Mr. Wood, Vice-president, Mr. Henry; secretary, Miss Stewart; treasurer, Mr. Youngblood; editor, Miss Houghton; artist, Mrs. Montgomery; athletic captain, Mr. Sharp. The class expects to support the oHicers dur- ing this term in their attempt to direct the work of the class. i SOPHOMOBE. The Sophomore class met January 10 and elected the following officers: President, Mr. Hunter; vice-president, Mr. Howick; secretary, Miss Standiford; treasurer, Miss Hartley; artist7 Miss Engibous; the class editor and athletic captain were left unchanged. After the oHicers were elected the president selected a number of committees. The attendance was large and a great deal of interest was shown in every thing that was done. WOMEZWS LEAGUE. On December 17 the Mu Zeta and the Zeta Zeta chapters of the Womenis League enter- THE NORMAL ADVANCE 127 W tained all the members of the League with a Xmas tea. A short program consisting of two songs by Miss Minturn and a Christmas story read by Mrs. Curry was given. After the program the guests were taken to the faculty room Where refreshments of sandwiches, coffee and candy were served. The room was beautifully deco- rated with holly and Xmas bells. LOCAL and ALUMNI Messrs. J. B. Fagan, i97, superintendent of the Bedford schools, T. F . Fitzgibbon, i90, su- perintendent of the Columbus schools, and W. H. Sanders7 ,88, of LaCrosse, Wis, were mem- bers of the executive committee of the Indiana State Teachers Association. Mr. Oscar W. Holmes, i08, is superintendent of the schools at Westport. Mr. R. M. Tryon, i02, is principal of the Madison High School. Mr. Levi J . Driver, ,96, is superintendent of the schools at Rising Sun. Zenor Scott, ,04, has a position in the Moores Hill College. Mr. Elvin H. Fishbach, i04, is a ward prin- cipal in the Muncie schools. Mr. G. E. Behrens, i08, is teaching mathe- matics in the Mt. Vernon High School. Mr. Ralph Longfield, an undergraduate, was recently chosen county superintendent of St. Joseph County. Mr. Victor Miller, 05, is teaching English in the Bluffton High School. Mr. Chas. Updike, an undergraduate, is prin- cipal 0f the Westport High School. Mr. Clarence Medlock, i06, is teaching me- chanical drawing in the Northside High School, . Allegheny, Pa. Mr. W. G. Davis has charge of the manual training in the Lebanon High School. Mr. R. Emmett Cavanaugh, 05, and formerly spring assistant in Latin in I. S. N., is superin- tendent of Salem High School. Miss Estella Schockel is teaching English in the Aurora High School. Mr. L. V. J ackson, ,08, is superintendent of schools at Marshall. MI . Wm. D. Reeve, i07, who is at the Chicago University, visited 1. S. N. December 23. Mr. Youngblood says that his experience with furniture dealers just before Christmas may come in handy before another important event to take place-well, before he loses his youth and good looks. Miss Orrelle F iddlar, C. C. ,08, visited I. S. N . J anuary 8. Pres. Parsons 0n the morning of J anuary 6 took the chapel period to discuss something of the history of the State Normal. J anuary 6 was the 40th anniversary of the opening of the Indiana State Normal School. Mr. Archie Hopper, 08, is teaching manual training in the Marion High School. Mr. Lawrence Hurst, i08, also senior in the Indiana University, visited I. S. N . J anuary 3. Mr. Raleigh Schorling, ,09, visited I. S. N. friends J an. 3-5. Mr. Schorling was on his way to Ann Arbor. Mr. Ernest Stirwalt, ,08, spent his vacation with parents and friends in Terre Haute. Mr. Edward Byers, 09, who is superinten-t dent of the F ayetteville schools, Arkansas, was married during the holidays. The mother of Ernest Cahal, i08, died J anu- ary 2. Miss Gertrude Miller, i09, is in Denver, Colo. Mr. Ross H. Baumunk, ,05, is head of the de- partment of history in the Shattuck school at Faribault, Minnesota. Mr. Lawrence Hurst, ,08, who is attending school at Bloomington, called on I. S. N. friends January 3. Miss Jessie Brown, ,09, is teaching at Dia- mond. 128 THE NORMAL ADVANCE W Miss Matilda Markle, who was in school in the fall term, has taken a position as principal of a ward school in East Chicago. Mrs. Hass, a former Normal student, died at her home in Clay City, J anuary 5, 1910. Mr. Otto Shoeppel, ,09, of River Park, Ind., spent a. few days of his vacation with I. S. N. friends. Mr. Carl Harbaugh visited 1. S. N. J anuary 8th. The Messrs. Raleigh Schorling and Ernest Stirwalt, who are atending school in the Uni- versity of Michigan, greeted old friends at I. S. N. J anuary 3. I. S. N. was represented at State Teachersi Association by Pres. Parsons, Dr. Rettger, Dr. Schlicher, Professors Hanna, Charman, Kelso, Weng, Wisely, Higgins, and Moran. The alumni who held oHices in the Association are J . B. Fagan, ,97, T. F. Fitzgibbon, ,90, W. H. Sanders, 88, J. W. Figg, ,01, E. E. Robey, 397, R. L. Modesett, ,04, Mabel .Bonsall, ,96, N. F. Fultz, 07, C. J. Waits, ,89, A. E. Highley, 05. N. C. Heironimus, ,93, E. G. Walker, 99,. Lil- lian Gay Berry, ,95, B. F. Moore, i84, J. W. Holton, ,98, and H. W. Stopher, i06. Mr. J asper Hypes, ,06, is attending I. U. itShow me the man you honor. Ask the foot ball boys about the tt'coonh who wanted to go to Danville. Mr. C. E. Limp, J unior, is principal of the Holton High School. ' Miss Cora Simpson, i08, has charge of the rural training school in Central Normal College at Danville. Mr. Albert Youngblood is principal of the schools at Zenas. Miss Lucy Applegate, a Normal student of last year, is teaching near Colfax. Married, Dec. 27, at home of bride just east of Terre Haute, Miss Hazel Warrick and Mr. S. B. Humphries. Miss Blanche Hanley, i09, is principal of the Riley schools. Mr. A. D. Montgomery, Junior, is a ward principal at Franklin. Mr. Grover Troth, Senior, is taking a course in watchmaking in the Bradley Polytechnic at Peoria, Ill. ' Mr. Earl Asher, i08, is serving his second year as ward principal at Greenfield. Mr. Earl Bryce is teaching in the grades at Mooresville. , Mr. Chester Pike, J unior, is principal of the grades at North Salem. I know by that symptom, better than any other, what you are yourself. For you show me then what your ideal of manhood is, What kind of man you long inexpressibly to be? -Thomas Carlyle. THE NORMAL.ADVANC Too Late CLARENCE BYRN Is this the end? Held as a friend, Merely 3 Have we but met, J ust to forget, Queerly ? You say ,tWill be just as before; We have been playing, nothing more, And time Will soon efface it 0,81', Sincerely? Could we have known, And not have grown; Nearer ? Could red-birds sing, And not make spring, Dearer ? Can time erase the fissures deep, In canyons, Where Wild waters leap, Can life grow aught, when hearts must weep, But Dearer? Some day youtll see, But then ,twill be; T00 Late. Sometime youtll know, Butthen, With woe, Too Late. Twill come to you dear one, somewhere, Then you Will know, and you Will care, And you Will feel, my own despair, When Too Late. E 129 130 THE NORMAL ADVANCE EXCHANGES SCENES AT A FOOTBALL GAME. He made a run around the end, Was tackled from the rear; The right guard sat upon his neck, The fullback on his ear. The center sat upon his legs, The two ends on his chest. The quarter and the halfback then Sat down on him to rest. The left guard sat upon his head, A tackle on his facee The coroner was hurried in, To sit upon his case. -T he Acorn. Tell me not in mournful numbers Psychology is an easy stunt, For the fool who sleeps and slumbers. Wakes up after he has iiunked. ' eThe Mankatom'cm. Little Girl-tiPapa, Pve named my cats Will- iam and Teddy? Father-JiWhy didnit you call them Cook and Peary'F a Little Girl-ttPapa these arenit pole cats? eEw. CHANCE FOR ANANIAS 11.. If some bright genius only would Invent a brand new story For married men, who stay out late, Heid pave his way to glory. eHigh School Tattler. Mother-JtWhy, Bobby, what do you mean by making baby eat that yeast cake? Bobby-JiBoo-hoo. He swallOwed my fifty- cent piece and Pm trying to raise the dough? eThe Anchor. A LITERARY ACCIDENT. iiHear about Perkins? Pretty tough? itNo. WhatV iiThe poor fellow dropt into the vernacular, bumped against a hard word and split his in- finitivefieLife. UNDAUNTED. tiDonit be afraid of the bacon, Mr. J enkinsii said the landlady to the new lodger. iiNot at all, madam. Pve seen a piece twice as large and it did not frighten me a bitPeThe Sacred H eart Review. T00 HONEST. Mrs. YoungbrideettMrs. Smith says there is lots of cream on her milk-bottles every morn- ing. Why is there never any on yours?,, The Milkmaneiilimltoo honest, lady, thatis why. I fills my bottles so full that there ain,t never no room left for creamW-Womanis Home Companion. HIGH TENSION. itMy husband was a very high-strung per- son? ctYes. Iive hear he was hung on Pikeis Peak.,,eHarperis Weekly. 1V0 BETTER. SillicukttDo you believe there is honor among thievesiw . CynicuseitNo, they areijust as bad as other I people.,,wPhiladelphia Record. AFTER THE GAME. Football Coach tafter the gameyettBoys, are you all here?,, Quarterbackwitlim not; I left an ear and part of a finger somewhere near the twenty-five yard linePeth'cago Tribune. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 131 Wisdom From The Essayists Here and there among men there are those Who pause in the hurried rush to listen to the call of a life that is more real. HOW often we see them pushed aside and forgotten as in- competent and unworthy. He who sees and hears too much is cursed for a dreamer. eWm'ght. ttYet the dearest and readiest, if not the most just criterion of a mans services is the wage that mankind pays him, or briefly, what he earns? eBobt. Louis Stevenson. Blood will tell in a crisis. eWm'ght. ttMeasure your cloth ten times, for you can cut it only once? ' eBussz'an Proverb. When I was a boy I believed implicitly in God. I prayed to him, having a vision of Him ea personebefore my eyes. As I grew older I concluded that there was no God. I dismissed him from the Universe. I believed only in What I could see, or hear, or feel. I talked about Nature and Reality. And noweit seems to meethere is nothing but God.- -Da'vid Grayson. Have you ever had anyone give you up as hopeless? And is it not a pleasure? It is only after people resign you to your fate that you really make friends with them. For how can you Win friendship with one who is trying to convert you to his superior beliefs? w-Da'vz'd Grayson. Baxter, the carpenter, says that when he works for enjoyment he chooses curly maple. e-Dam'd Grayson. No real friendship is made without an initial clashing Which discloses the metal of each to each. eDam'd Grayson. Attention Normal Boys ! The uFERN BAR BER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Massaging, both electric and hand. Special attention and interest shown the Normal boys. HARRY WILSON. OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry e Dyeing Co. ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 3033l0 Cherry St. Both Phones I84 W. L. BASS, Agent The Orbiel SupplyCo. G, THE NEW BOOK STORE 9 is now prepared to serve the entire needs of the Normal Students in SCHOOL SUPPLIES. FOUNTAIN PENS. SPECIAL STATIONERY. PEN- NANTS. PINS. ETC. New and Sccoml Hand Books always on hand. We repair all makes of typewriters and fountain pens. Mail order: given prompt agentlon. of typewriters. We rent or sell all malces First Store South of Normal on West Side 118 N orth Sixth Street 132 THE NORMAL ADVANCE A. G. SPALDING 8:. BROS. are the Largest Manufacturers in the World of OFFICIAL EQUIPMENT FOR ALL ATHLETIC SPORTS AND PASTIMES in Athletic Sport you I F You should have a copy of the Spalding Catalogue. It's a complete encyclopedia of What's . New In Sport and is sent free on rrqucst. A. G. Spalding 6L Bros. I47 Wabash Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. The S pald i n g Trade-Mark is known throughout the world as a Guara ntee of Quality are interested ALL KINDS OF CUT FLOWERS JNO. G. HEINL $n SON Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. DEVELOPED FREE F I 8 Write for particulars. 0. c. DeSELMS, Attlca, Indlana for all Kodaks and Cameras AMERICAN STATE BANK Organized and controlled by W. H. Taber an old I. S. N. student. ., 6713 American State Bank situated at 411 Wabash Avenue Terre Haute, Ind. places at your disposal its facilities, and invites you to make your de- posits with this bank. Every stu- dent is assured of courteous treat- ment and prompt attention. Call and See Us President W. H. TABEB - THE - Moore-Langen Printing Co. Printers, Binclcrs Blank Book Manufacturers PUBLISHERS No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE. IND. Both Phones 64 0mm Bow ST DRE Corner of Sixth and Cherry Sts. We have everything in the books you neccl -Schoo1 pennants. School Pins. Guaranteed Fountain Pens. Bibles. Stationery and many other things you ncecl-everytl1ing right. We are ON THE CORNEB-East Slde of Sixth and Cherry Streets A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. An Oliver Typewriter e- the standard visible writer - the $100 machine - the most highly perfected typewn'ter on the market-yours for I 7 cents a day! . The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a matter of business history-yours for I 7 cents a day! The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as ttThe Balance ShiftW-ttThe Ruling Device -ttThe Double Releaeett-t tThe Locomotive Base -ttThe Automatic Spacer - HThe Automatic Tabulator -- hThe Disappearing IndicatoW - ttThe Adjustable Paper Fingerst' - uThe Scientific Condensed Keyboard, t-all Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a day. That is the plan in a nutshell. The result has been such a. deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all clasees, all ages, all occupations. The majority 0' inquiries A Quarter of a Million People Theon'e'Ty m is a mone - m: er. ri It! has come from people of known , g from the word I So euy to run thn?be 'n- financial standing who are at- tracted by the novelty of the proposition. An impressive demdnstration of the immense popularity of the Oliver Type- ' writer. A startling confirmntion of our belief that the Era of Universal Typewriting is at hand. 15 are Making:Money with inTv ER TypeWri-lir Tize Standard Ulszble Writer ners soon get in the x- ert class. Earn as fan cannh Let the! meedh ne pa. t e 17 can 5 0 ar- an all above thst ls yam. Wherever you Are, therehi work to be done and money to be mnde by us- ing the Oliver. The busi- ness world is eallln for Oliver operators. T ere no not enough to sup ly the demtnd. Their an ar- les ue considerably above those of mlny classes of workers. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulnzss and absolutely indispensable in business. N ow comes the conquest of the home. The simglicity and strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. factor in the Our new selling phn puts the close the door of your home or omce Write for further details of our The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. ome training of youn people. It is becoming an important An educator as well as a money maker. liver on the threshold of every home in America. Will you on this remarkable Oliver opportunity. easy offer and a free copy of the new Oliver catalog. Address 'THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY CHICAGO. ILL. Indiana State Normal School Terre Haute, Indiana Supportcd by the State for the Education of Its Public School Teachcrs Fifty Members of Faculty TUITION FREE To Residents of Indiana. Courses in All Subjects Eqnged Adapted to Tcachers'Necds. 0 Laboratories Standard College or Ad- vanced Course for Teachcrs leading to the A. B. Degree. Library of 50.000 Volumes TRAINING SCHOOL FOR 0 STUDY AND SPRIN G TERM PRACTICE OPENS 09 FRIDAY A Typical Cigmry School APRIL City School of Eight Grades lSt 1910 M Four Years High School For Catalogues And Further Information apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Terre Haute, Indiana The Hoon-Iugen Pk. 00., Turn Bank 1 mm ; 3301111231 ghhante 332mm to the Interests of 111332 inhiana gtate jaurmal $thonlx metre 13am, Sinniana Volume fatten february, 1910 v . 321mb ? :fl'ht Wm V'W;y71r gun-qyirqngmgz-ewv gnaw a- w; 44 w n um u ,1 e -. e w. h .4. mg; . 7' NT'WW ' wjmrm w mwrw EPPERT 8: SON Are always to the front With the latest styles of I An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE eCALL AND SEE$ . Cltlzens Phone I4I6 TERRE HAUTE. IND. WE RECOMMEND Dandro Scalp Massage The ideal food and tonic for the hair. The Best clandrufr cure on the market. 50c the Bottle. We guarantee 1t. Tnal size. 25c. BIG FOUR PHARMACY 6th and Big Four The Store with the Orange Front CRAFT S BOOK STORE No. 672 WABASH AVENUE School Books. Miscellaneous Books. Books for Presents. Cut Glass. Art China. Good Box Paper and all other items ulually found in book stores YOU CAN BUY HERE AS CHEAP AS ANY-PLACE IN THE CITY HEBBEWS OAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue - - . For High-class Headquarters for the best of everything pertammg to the DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City l-AUNDRY CLEANING and DYEING WORK ' h 1 Sole Agency in Terre Haute for Gunther's Fine Chicago Candles ' c. w. Y UNGBLOOD, American German Trust Company 0 Agent Normal Students age invited to make Hunter laundering S DYBiIIg cu. their Deposits With this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. SiXth and Cherry Sts- '12 - ? x- wrr veaw'H. w w aw: n A , mu 4r Wutm,.m v 'r; n V ' r , -. .t h .'.. an 1 ,2 WM H A HE NORM'AILWLADVANCE ' VOLUME; XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND, FEBRUARY, 1910; I '- 0 living will that shalt endure When all that seems shall sulfer shock, Rise in the spiritual rock, Flow thro'l our deeds and make them pure. That we may lift from out of dust A voice as unto him that hears, A cry abote the conquerld years To bne that with us works, and trust, . With faith that comes of self-control, The truths that never can be proved Until we close with all we lOved, And all we flow from, soul in soul. -Te7myso21 . NUMBER 5. , n, r l t. .t l: . .: l! - H g , ' 134 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Some Changes in the Teaching of Geometry . ERNEST UNVERFERTH, '10 It is our purpose in this paper to investi- gate a few of the phases of Geometry which hinder obtaining the best results in our high. school classes and to investigate the ideas of a few of the modern thinkers along this line as to what can be done to make the work more acceptable. To the thoughtful teacher it must seem that the text books which are now in use, if followed closely, are not the best guides. They contain various topics that should not be attempted in a high school class. If these topics were left out, they could be replaced by topics that ought to be put into the course, and which most writers do not include. Now it is the business of the teacher to find out what is essential and what is superfinous. He must be able to let go that which is not help- ful and insert that which will more nearly en- able him to give his students that which they really need. Various remedies are being suggested, and the distances between the extremes are vast in- deed. All great and capable thinkers on this subject do not agree as to the right course to pursue, but their opinions should be of help to us in making conditions better as they con- front us in particular. Above all, changes should be made very carefully, and the new teacher would perhaps do well to make no changes, but he ought to fall in line and study the movement so as to be able to form conrect opinions on the matter. The subject of limits is perhaps most fre- quently suggested to be omitted. No doubt every teacher of geometry has felt that the present treatment of this subject is altogether unsatisfactory. Prof. N. J . Lennes comments at some length on this subject in tgSchool Science and Mathematics? Vol. 6, p. 52. He says in part: tcClearness and honesty of thought is the ideal of mathematics, if of any field of intellectual activity? If it should not be found possible to formulate a solid treat- ment of limits adequate to meet the needs of elementary geometry, and at the same time suf- ficiently simple to be understood by the pupil, then either the topics, where the subject of limits is now used, must be omitted or a com- prehensive treatment must be devised without the use of limits. In case the latter alternative is chosen, one might consider only those seg- ments, angles, etc., which are commensurable. Of course it would have to be stated explicitly that such a treatment is not complete, .but-that we assume the theorems in which the segments, angles, etc., are incommensurable without proofs. The length of a circle might be con- sidered as the perimeter of a polygon of, say, one million sides. Our results would then be accurate far within the limits of observation. At every step we should have to be perfectly clear as to what we were doing. The treatment could be arranged so as to be entirely logical throughout. Mr. Lennes further says that from considerable experience in the teaching of mathematics he is led to believe that it is possi- ble to construct a theory of limits applicable to elementary geometry which shall be entirely rigorous and which, at the same time, will be within the reach of the average pupil. Another prominent educator says he would dislike to see a treatment of limits go from a text of ele- mentary geometry. He says he would make the students familiar with the theorems by illus- trations and thus lead them to see the truth of. the theorems, but that he would attempt n0 strict proof of the theory of limits. Many notable authorities on the teaching of geometry agree that too much time is spent defining indefinable terms. They say that such terms as point, line, surface, plane, whole, part should not be defined. Such terms should THE NORMAL ADVANCE 135 rather be brought into the students knowledge by having their properties, limitations, etc., dis- cussed and made clear to the student. Too much time is spent in hair-splitting arguments concerning points that had just as well be left untouched. Along this same line it may be said that the proofs of propositions which the pupil has long believed to be true by intuition, or that he has come to know through experience should not be taken up. In place of these much useful material could be taught thoroughly which is usually not given the proper em- phasis. Some of the things which should be. given more attention are such practical formu- las as Pirz, 2PiR, 1-6 PiD3, and these, along with the theorems as stated in the text, should . become a part of the students every day vocab- ulary. Here, it may also be said, that for cul- tures sake, or for the sake of mental drill, geometry is losing its hold and the plea on all sides is to make the work practical. In the class room the figures for demonstra- tion must be carefully made. Especially in solid geometry should colored drawings be made use of more frequently. It is also a good . plan to have the figures constructed from wood, pasteboard, paper, etc. The following figure by means of which it can be proved that every triangle is an equilateral triangle plainly shows the fallacy of inaccurately drawn figures and the need to emphasize that they be correctly drawn. Granting the following figure it can be proved that any triangle is an equilateral tri- angle. Given: triangle ABC. To prove: triangle ABC equilateral. Construct DH perpendicular to AC at its mid-point. Bisect angle ABC by BK. Erect perpendiculars KM and KN to AB and BC at N and M respectively. Draw KA and KC. Of course it can be seen after a little careful thought that these conditions obtain in only one case, but the pupil will not see the true relations. This merely shows how misleading a figure can be. Another figure to show this B same point is one by means of which a square 8x8 can be made into a rectangle 5x13. Only the most careful construction will show that the angles are not true. The figure looks so, perfect to the eye, however, that to the beginner it is perfect. Such are a few of the changes that are under consideration by the teachers of geometry. Many people have been suggesting topics to be omitted, but they seem to have quite forgotten another side of the question, namely, suggesting new topics for presentation. Nevertheless, this is a live subject, which is taking quite a prom- inent place in the discussions of educators of the present day. The fact that these questions are being considered seriously is proved by the fact that the mathematics section of the Central Association of Science and Mathematics Teach- ers has five committees in the field studying these various problems. It would seem then that the teacher of mathe- matics in our high schools must get in line with this trend of thought. He must form opinions which, when carried out in his work, will in some measure take away the criticism which is being heaped upon this particular class of teachers. 136 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Derelict . GRACE COLGLAZIER, '11 It is a beautiful summer afternoon, the air warm and drowsy; I am tired of rowing. There before me is a shady in-let, cool and quiet. Why not fasten my boat to that syca- more tree and just be happy and lazy in, the shade, among my pillows in the boat? The water is deep and clear, but I tie my boat and prepare for a nap. Indifferently I glance below and around me, and a few feet from me I see in the water a canoe, similar to and yet unlike my own. It is so near my own canoe that it is a great wonder that I escaped collision with it when I rowed into the narrow bay. It has fallen apart and lies on the sandy floor of the lake with a seeming air of loneliness and re- proach. Once, it had, no doubt, been a very potent factor in the pleasure of some lives. Now it lies in its aged and forsaken conditione a derelict. Dreamily, I watch the tiny fishes dart in and out from under its cover and rise gracefully around and about it. There is one brighter in its prismatic coloring and more graceful than any of the others. Involuntarily, I watch its maneuvering and charming iridescence. Ah! it is not a fish at alleit is an angel, but, withal, as plump and rosy as a child. What I imagined to be fins is really a quiver of arrows, and the radiant color which I had thought to be of a fishls scaly covering is that of a brilliant sash and a miniature bow. Why, this must be Cupid! Perhaps he has lain here in ambush for me and will shoot me with one of those fiery arrows. I wonder where he will strike: Why, in my heart, of course. But will it hurt me? Only yesterday a girl told me that it was very painful to fall in love, and I smiled at her. Why doesnt he take aim at me? Why does he wait? And above all, why does he gaze at me as in astonishment? And he looks guilty too, as a child having been discovered in his motherls pantry. Why, he is speaking to me, of all things, the most unusual for this old yet ever youthful cherub. What is he saying? That he owes me an apology for having fright- ened me, and that, if my patience allow, he will explain? tiYes, naughty angel, I will hear you;ileI am growing more calmyettproceedy His voice is like the evening breeze as he whispers quite audibly, tiYou love a boat, I see, and enjoy rowing, so perhaps you will be inter- ested in my story and sympathize with me in my present concern. I love the water, I love to row, and have made since time began, with every couple, their voyage on the sea of matri- mony. But, lately, my role has been changed. Father Time and the World called, Change: and change I must. t llhis canoe which you see beneath you, old and shattered now, is one of those in which all wedded couples formerly made their voyages. There are many more like it, and now they are all in this condition. You may find them al- most any where along the shore. They have been abandoned, not because they were unsea- worthy, but because they had been long used and the style was changing. They became old- fashioned, and up-to-date brides and grooms scorn to journey in them. To make the trip in such manner takes too long a timeewhy, often husband and wife paddled in a canoe more than fifty years; and in the modern day of rush and hurry, passengers think they can- not devote so much time to a journey, one with another. For it becomes very monotonous to have only ones wife, or ones husband, and Cupid in the canoe. There is no chance for an exchange of passengers, but the occupants must continue to the end with the mate first chosen. Then, too, it was hard work rowing with only an assistant such as I. ttYet I think my charges would never have THE NORMAL ADVANCE 137 mt complained of these things had there not been a new system advertised in many of the daily newspapers belonging to the World. This sys- tem is called the mono-railroad system and is advertised very generally, so has grown very popular in the fashionable circles. And any one who prefers the time-honored canoe is looked upon with scorn and a nearness to pity by those who term themselves tchic? The new system is a time-saving system. By it the trip can be made in much shorter time, the entire journey frequently taking only a few weeks and in the majority of instances only a few years. Then, too, all along the road are stations where one Who tired of his journey and wishing to curtail it. may alight. And if he afterwards wishes to board the car again, he is at perfect liberty to do so, and may or may not rejoin his former companion. On a return to the car he is warmly welcomed by all the pas- sengers and is immediately invited to 'play bridge with them. For you know that no such monotony entails upon this system as upon the old. In the mono-rail cars the passengers may see and make much of each other for there are families, and families, in the same coach and a very merry and profitable time is the in- evitable result. ttThe advertisements lay special emphasis upon the fact that this system makes the journey one of ease for the traveller. Money enough to purchase tickets for two and the means and ability to make onels'self agreeable to ones fellow passengers are all that is re- quired of the passengers. The cars are sped along the rail by a motorman who is known as Monsieur Caprice, and the tickets are collected and the deportment supervised by Mr. Legality. I, Whom they are yet pleased to call Cupid, supply the gentlemen with cigars, daily news- papers, and books, and the ladies with sweets, fruits, novels, and magazines devoted to fash- ions in dress and manners. ttQuite out of keeping with the usual type of advertisement7 everything set forth in these is exactly as represented; but notwithstanding this fact and, also, that of ease and comfort there is much unhappiness among the people on this road. Therefore, I have been greatly troubled of late and have sought diligently for the cause, that finding it, I might concoct a remedy for all these ills. And this morning, as I passed through the several coaches and noted the absence of many that were yesterday of the number and marked the starving souls and aching hearts that were masked to all other , eyes under a guise of frivolity, I pondered more than ever on a possible means of relief. And Venus, me thinks, must have felt and under- stood my longings in behalf of these miserable creatures, for I distinctly heard her whisper in my ear. tGo; she said, gto that which you have left a derelict. In it you will find a panacea for all these illsf Hurriedly, I came hither and carefully searched this old canoe. And I have been triumphant; I have found the little leaven which will leaven the whole lump. See? and he showed me a heart-shaped box filled with heart-shaped candies. 4gHere are the sweets of love. In the hurry and rush from the old to the new, these were forgotten, and in all the journeyings made on the new road there has been no love, therefore, so much unhappi- ness. I have recovered these; I will take them back with me. The passengers will partake of them; their eyes will be opened; they will see their mistakes; they will long for the simple, the true and the retired; they Will hate the silperflciality of style. And the old-fashioned and abandoned canoes will be recovered, over- hauled and again put into use. I will return to my former position, the stern of the boat, and be happy in my true surroundings; and the occupants will make the journey with lov- ing hearts and kindly help, one towards an- other, and with hearts longing for an endless journeyf, His voice grew indistinct and far away. I turned on my pillow and opened my eyes. The World lay peacefully about me. Love sang with the birds; it softened my heart; and I knew that my dream Cupid had spoken truly. 138 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Evolution of Capitalism . KIBBEY, c. c., ,11 In tracing the growth of capitalism the first question that presents itself is, ttWhat is capitalW ttCapitalf, says Thurston, tiis money or goods used for the further production of wealth, and not designed for the immediate satisfaction of human want? The concrete forms of capital are the raw materials of pro- duction, including the finished product; and the plant and implements used in the process of industry, including money or the medium of exchange. The root idea is the conception of surplus. In order to have a capital value there must be a surplus. If we labor simply to pro- vide for our iieeting wants, and consume all that we produce, there remains at the close of our labor n0 surplus. The creation of capital, therefore,,is the result of prudence and fore- thought. This habit of saving, of subordinat- ing the present to the future, is an essential characteristic of progress and civilization. The great central fact in the story of the industrial development is the relation of ma- chinery, in its every increasing complexity and quantity, to the condition of society. It is a significant fact that society created the machine and the machine in turn has moulded, and is yet moulding, the social fabric. iiModern society is as much a machine-made product as tin cans? In order to understand this relation we must investigate: 1. The influence of machine production upon the size of the units of capital; intensifica- tion and limitations of competition; the natural formation of trusts and monopolies; trade de- pressions brought about by the discrepancies between the individual and social interests. 2. The effects of machinery upon labor; the quantity and regularity of employment; the character of work and wages. 3. Effect upon the industrial class as con- sumers. 'trine. Capitalism had its birth in the pre-machinery age. It is necessary for us to trace its growth through its early stages in order to arrive at an understanding of its present dominance in the world. International trade of this period was limited by many barriers. There were risks of loss of life and cargo in shipping by the crude methods employed. Piracy was prevalent in this un- staple age, When governmental power was un- developed and religious wars were rife. Voy- ages were slow and expensive. Thus goods of a perishable nature could not be carried. The geography and resources of the world were little known. Merchants shipped their surplus pro- ducts at their own risk and had to wait until their money was obtained for the return cargo, Which required several months and much ex- pense. There were likewise many economic barriers to trade. The theory that each nation was self-suHicing was domiinant until the eigh- teenth century was well under way. The staple foods, articles of clothing, furniture and imple- ments of industry were produced and consumed within a nation. Trade was confined to objects of art and luxury as spicery, bullion ornaments and cloths. The great mass of people were rural, hence their wants and tastes were few, simple and home supplied. .Trade of this period had many of the characteristics of the age of barter. The doctrine that commodities produced at home should not be imported from another country, while the export of products should be encouraged by a system of bounties and drawbacks was as detrimental to trade as the theory that the export trade should exceed the import tradeeethe balance of trade doc- England dreaded so much the loss of the balance of trade that she shut out the trade of France from 1702 to 1763 by a protec- mhmagn..; i i , . THE NORMAL ADVANCE tive tariif. She encouraged the trade with Portugal because a greater balance was gained from that country. These barriers greatly affected the extent of trade as shown in England in 1730. Woolen goods and textile materials, a small quantity of leather, iron, lead, silver and gold plate were exported. The great bulk of import trade was foreign foods as rice, sugar, coffee, oil and spices. The breaking down of these barriers and the strengthening of the industrial rela- tions between nations, due partly to the growth of governmental power, had a wonderful effect on the development of machine industry. Ma- chinery, in turn, had a reciprocal effect in breaking down the barriers. Next we consider the size, structure and rela- tion of seventeenth and eighteenth century in- dustry. In 1688 Gregory King found four mil- lion people engaged in agriculture, two hun- dred forty thousand in manufacture, and about the same number in commerce. This data, though somewhat inaccurate, shows England to be largely an agricultural country. Almost a century later t1769l Arthur Young found three and one-half millions engaged in agricul- ture, three millions in manufacture and seven hundred thousand in commerce, showing a fall- ing off in agriculture and a marked increase in manufacture and commerce. Until as late as 1770 woolen goods formed the bulk of English export trade. According to Chalmers estimate, the annual exports of wool for 1699-1701 were about two-fifths of the total exports, while in 1769-71 it was still one- third of the whole. Cotton and linen manu- factures were few in the early part of the eighteenth century and in the middle ofithat century thirteen thousand looms supplied only the home demand. The internal trade was likewise influenced by many barriers, Which determined the nature of theOcommodity. Bad roads, location of fuel, . water power and raw material; facility of get- ting to market; slow means of conveyance, re- sult in the transportation of only goods of a keeping quality. Only the larger towns had 139 permanent shops, where all sorts of wares were sold at all times. The masses generally de- pended on the great fairs or weekly market as a medium of exchange. Considering the structure of the early in- dustry we find that the different employments were closely interwoven. Agriculture and manufacture were bound together. Division of labor was found in the family rather than in the community. The women and children spun in their homes while the men toiled in the fields. In the winter the men, who had spent the summer in agriculture, took up weaving. Defoe says of Halifax and environs, ttThe land is divided into small enclosures from two to six or seven acres, seldom more. Every three or four pieces of land had a house belonging to it; at every house a tenter and on every tenter a piece of cloth or kersie or shalloon-every clother keeps a horse and cow or two for his family? Even agriculture itself had little differenta- tion of processes. Each little village produced its own grains, etc., due to the system of land tenure, the ignorance of farming and the poor means of conveyance. The first part of the eighteenth century was marked by a lack of specialization and differentiation in the dif- ferent industries and the processes within an industry. Next we consider the character and structure of the unit of industry. In the pre-machine age we have five points of dominant interest. 1. Ownership of material. 2. Ownership of tools. 3. Ownership of productive powers. 4. Relations existing between units of labor. 5. The working place There are at least two stages in the develop- ment. First is the simple tidomesticll stage. Here the farmer-manufacturer owns his tools, buys or produces his materials and working with his own family produces yarn, or cloth, which he himself sells in the local market or to the merchant or clothier. His workshop is his own rural cottage. Silas Marner is a type of this stage. 140 m: The next stage is marked by the change in the ownership of material. The organizing merchant, or middle man, takes charge of this phase of manufacture. The workman still re- tains the implements in his own house. The ttmanufacturerf so-called, travels on horseback and buys the raw material of the farmers at home or at the fairs. The wool was next handed over to the sorters who gauged it and discarded what was useless for cloth-making. Next combers combed it and returned it to the manufacturer who took it to the country to be spun. In the Village he has his agents who re- ceive the wool and distribute it among the peasants who turn it into yarn on their own machines. Next weavers are sought who weave it into cloth ready to be dyed. This condition prevailed until the last quarter of the eigh- teenth century. The cotton trade Ori-Laneashire in 1750 il- lustrates the transition from the independent weaver to. the partially dependent one. He had long received the linen from the ttmanu- facturerw but had furnished the cotton yarn, using that produced by his own or neighboris family. But difficulties arose in keeping an adequate supply of cotton yarn, besides it re- quired too much time to search about in the neighhborhood for the cotton yarn. The manufacturer next furnished the cotton yarn, and thus the ownership of material passed from the weavers hands. He still retained the imple- ments of production and was his own master practically and worked in his own house. The dominant characteristic of the pre-ma- chinery age is the small proportion which cap- ital bears to labor. So long as tools were simple and cheap and the process of manufacture slow, the domestic artisan held his own, but with the improvementlof the mechanical arts labor and capital were divorced. Our next problem is the intricate and com- plex Industrial Revolution, and the machine age. First we will examine the causes for the transition from the domestic period to the period of capitalism. England had success- fully completed in 1763 her great wars extend- THE NORMAL ADVANCE ing over a half centuryfwhich she had waged for commercial supremacy. The heart of the North American continent and the I'lldian peninsula wefe hers as a reward for her strug- gles. With this increased territory came in- creased demands for English manufactured goods. This demand had its expression in the epoch making inventions of the middle eigh- teenth century. True the transition was taking place ever before the inventions of steam and before the great conquests. The ttwater frameb carding engine, and water power all demanded a larger factory than the weaveiJS cottage and a site where water was available. Bound up with this new demand for manu- factured goods was the demand for better motor power, and as a result steam came to revolutionize industry. With steam mines could be worked and iron goods could be more cheaply produced, which in turn had its effect on steam.. Steam was the wand, that, when it touched the subtle forces of the material and social world, unlocked the box of Pandora with its good and evil consequences. Machine production had a vast train of ef- fects on the infant factory system. It enabled the forces of man and nature to be more effec- tively used and to obtain the use of motor forces outside manis own body; as wind, water, steam, etc. Machinery increased manis pro- ductive power both quantitatively and qualita- tively. By its use a steam hammer can perform work beyond mains power and with a precision he can not equal. ' Likewise by the extended application of ma- chinery the waste material ican be utilized. Since 1834 the waste of raw material has been reduced from onesseventh to about one-tenth in cotton manufacture. Dyes, sugars disinfect- ants, medicine are produced from gas-tar. These characteristics of machinery had a marked effect on the structure of modern in- dustry. The unit of production is no longer the family in the cottage, but a compact , and closely organized mass of labor composed of thousands of individuals due to the economy . of purchase and transportation of raw ma- THE NORMAL ADVANCE 141 terials; the adoption of the best modern ma- chinery; the establishment of repair shops, storage houses, increased efficiency of manage- ment, including telephones andt typewriters; the utilization of waste products. All these economics cause the increase in the size of the business unit. The superior ability of a large business to depress wages by possession of the monopoly of the local employment, or to ex- tort higher prices from' the consumer by de- stroying competition, enables a large business to make greater profits. This latter proposi- tion will be discussed below at length. With the increased demand brought about by the new markets and the resultant inven- tions and increased productions with the train of causes and effects that followed in their wake, we may say we have arrived at the age of capitalism. We have now to consider the busi- ness units in their relation to each other, to the laborer, and to the consumer. With the decrease of competitors and the in- crease of their size competition grows keener and keener. The old business methods let cus- tom and the personal element hold sway, but with the advent of the new large scale pro- duction, these scruples pass away. The smaller businesses are unable to stand the tide of de- pression, while the great industries, with their power to control a large capital, pass through unharmed. Hence, the small industries allow themselves to be swallowed by the large in order to escape the risks and dangers common to small scale production. The increased size of business brings an advantage, but at the same time throws larger competitors together, who, in turn, must devote an increased propor- tion of energy in taking one anotheris trade. As the competitors grow fewer the struggle is one of life and death, requiring more attention and concentration of effort for the reward of Victory over the last competitor is the attain- ment of monopoly. Two forces act as a restriction upon competi- tion. A firm may have a speciality of a certain class of wares protected by a patent or a trade secret, or the competing firm may make an agreement whereby they consent to abate their intensity in competition. But these agreements are hard to maintain. The introduction of new machinery enables firms to make a profit at prices set by the promoters of the agreement. Speculators, in bidding for the market, cut the price even at a loss to themselves, with a hope of making it up at some future time. Hence, these compacts are inadequate and trade co'm: petitors are driven to a closer form. of combina- tion Which results in the syndicate, or trust. By raising the co-operative action so as to cover the whole field, competition is reduced to noth- ing. The trust is the logical outgrowth of econ- omic forces which have been continually en- gaged in destroying effective competition. The trust is a combination of a number of companies under which through the formal structure of the original company is main- tained7 they are incorporated as single cells in the larger organism which directs their ac- tivity. Two aims are in-view; to protect them- selves against rate cutting and at the same time secure the advantage of monopoly. The Amer- ican Harvester Company aptly illustrates this. On one hand trusts are regarded as high handed robbers, who interfere with the free- dom of trade, in the other and from their own standpoint they are the Victims of circum- stances bound to the policy of self-protection. These ticombinesi, or trusts, may, if they ap- ply their capital in order to control enough goods of a certain kind as to enable them to manipulate prices, take the form of a itringfi or corner. Pattenis ttcornerti on wheat is a recent illustration. A tiwheat cornert is brought about by a man secretly buying the available supply of wheat or as near as he can get control of it. He then makes contracts with other dealers by which they agree to furnish him a certain amount of wheat at some future time. This is known as buying ttfuturesf, Next a ttcornerit is announc- ed and he buys openly all the wheat he can un- til the prices rise to suit him. Now the men who have contracted futures are at his mercy, since they must buy their wheat of him at his 142 THE NORMAL ADVANCE- price, as that is the only available source, and turn it over to him in order to fulfill their con- tracts. Meanwhile the miller must pay a higher price for wheat, the baker a higher price ,for flour, and the hungry poor a higher price for breadetcthe last act in the tragedyfi In order to more quickly stifle its competitor, a company may secure a tariff, if its competitor be a foreigner; it may secure control of public lands and sites, as the railroads of the west; or it may, through the co-operation of another corporation, secure its end. The latter was the plan of the South Improvement Company, the old charter name of the Standard Oil of 1873. This company went into an agreement with the New York Central and Hudson River Railways in which the railroads were to carry all the oil produced by this company. In return the rail- roads were to charge all oil shippers as freight $1.50 per barrel and pay a rebate to the South Improvement Company of $1.06 per barrel, whether it was the shipper or not. Thus the South Improvement Company secured actual rates of 44 cents and a $1.06 profit on every barrel of its competitors oil. We have traced the story of industry from its infancy in the peasantis cottage, through the varied stages of development until we have ar- rived at the huge and mysterious trust, or com- bine. In conclusion we will investigate the economic powers of monopoly. Monopolies may have power to operate upon: tli Business firms engaged in earlier and later processes of production. tm Business rivals. GD Employees of the monopoly. OD The consuming public. To illustrate the first power the action of the Standard Oil'Trust may be taken. The coin- pany lets unattached individuals put the wells down and then sets the price on the product. Crude oil fell from 9.19 cents in 1870 to 2.30 cents in 1881, and this lower level has been maintained from 1881 to 11890. The power is further extended in dictating the price at which the wholesale dealers are to sell the product. Deiinite contracts under oath are signed by the dealers to conform to the demands of the trust. Where strong trusts exist, patentees of a new invention can only sell to the trusts at their price. Charges have been made against the Standard Oil of appropriating many new in- ventions Without paying for them, trusting to its influence to avoid the legal consequences. The fact that the trust desires a monopoly causes it to crush out all rivals. The most common method is by driving the prices below the margin of profit and by its own staying powers, due to larger capital, starve out its com- petitor. Capital has an enormous power over labor employed in industry. So long as competition flourishes the employees are able to obtain wages determined by the confiicting interests of the different employers, but when only one employer exists there is no option to the worker. The skilled laborer must abandon his use of special skill and enter the ranks of un- skilled labor. It is claimed that trusts have the ability to pay higher than the market wage, but there is no power to compel them to, and it is foolish to think they will do so out of any regard for the laborersi welfare. The trust goes still further in the absolute control over labor. Since the means by which the trust prices are maintained is by the regulation of production, the trust 0ftimes causes factories to stand idle. When the supply of goods on the market is so great that it can not be sold at paying prices, the supply or production must be checked. Now the best establishments are usually run to their fullest capacity, while the inferior ones stand idle. The owners of the in- ferior ones are paid dividends just the same while the labor is saved to the trust. Hence a gain. The price of the articles produced can be sold at the same total amounteeach article being highere-as a larger production would produce since the price is increased on the articles. Thus thousands of laborers are thrown out of work or into some other labor in which they are not skilled. This great saving in labor L.- mmmamt... Mamie THE NORMAL ADVANCE 143 must be the chief economy of the trust, since its net income is the same with restricted pro- duction as before. Added to this is-the ability of the trust to choose its workmen out of a large over-supply, which it has made, and without the competition of others'employers gives the trust power to fix wages and hours, to tipay in truck? and generally to decide terms and conditions. The finding of the committee of Congress tDoc. No. 4i shows how the railroads and coal companies of Pennsylvania in the anthracite regions, ttkeep thousands of surplus laborers on hand to underbid each other, holds them ignorant as to when the mines are to be worked and when closed, so they cannot seek employment else- where; binds them as tenants in company houses on leases by which they can be turned out in niid-winter if they strike; compels them to buy at the company store at enormous ad- vance of cost such articles as powder, etc.; have the doctor furnished by the company but at the laborerls cost?7 i Since the trust is a monopoly, it would seem that it would be able, by Virtile of its position, to maintain high prices. In comparing prices before and after the formation of trusts, we find that in some cases the prices were lower, in some higher. The Standard Oil lowered prices. Cotton seed oil fell more than eight times as much as it did before in a period of live years. The Western Union Telegraph charges but little more than the government owned system of England. The Sugar Trust, on the other hand, raised the price a great deal. Trusts claim that the save in competition en- ables them to lower prices. The actual deter- minant of the price of a monopoly product is the price which will yield the largest net profit on the capital. There is a limit to the price the monopolist can set, for a higher price will drive the con- sumer to find a substitute, or a lower one re- duce net receipts to zero. The following table from Seligman illustrates the point: Units Price Gross Cost Total Net Sold per Unit Receipts per Unit Cost Receipts 500 300 $150 100 $50 $100 1000 300 250 t 100 100 150 2000 200 950 106 100 150 3000 15c 450 10c 300 150 4000 100 400 100 400 From the above we see that twenty cents per unit as sale price will insure the largest net returns since above that the number of sales, will be much less. But Where the great increase of supply requires a marked fall in the price and less net profit, we see that the monopolist will try to restrict the production and sell a smaller number of articles. This was the motive that induced the Irish potato dealers of Chicago to dump three car loads of potatoes in the Hammond sand pits recently to spoil. Under free competition producers or dealers would lower the price below what would yield him the largest net proiit on his capital and take a smaller price in order to hold the market. Thus monopoly and competition prices are determined by an entirely different set of economic forces, but the trust can always charge prices in excess of competition prices. However, the policy of the trust will be to maintain a lower price in luxuries, since a rise in price would decrease the sales, but articles of common comfort and necessity, unless a sub- stitute is available, will always be of a higher price under trust control. What the Puritans gave the world was not thought, but action. e-Wendell Phillips. 144 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Translations from Caedmon . MARION ALICE BARBOUR, C. C., '10 Caedmon is the first English poet whose name is known. While the date of his birth cannot be stated, his death, according to Bede, occurred 680. His poetry was probably begun ten years before. Bede is the only authority there is for the life of the first poet. Hilda established the monastery of Streone- shalh on the hights of Whitby, and dedicated it to St. Peter. Caedmon lived here attached to the monastery in a secular habit. It often hap- pened that the harp was passed around the table at a feast, that each guest might sing and play in his turn. Caedmon, however, knew nothing of poetry, and when his turn came al- ways rose and went from the room. ' One even- ing upon such an occasion, he went to the stables, for the care of the cattle had been given to him. As he slept there, an angel spoke to him, itCaedmon, sing me something? He answered, ttI know not how to sing? Yet the other insisted until he asked, c4What shall I sing'w ttAbout the beginning of all created things? Then he began to sing the praise of God. In the morning he remembered the poetry he had composed, and went to the town reeve to tell him what gift he had received. The town reeve led him to the Abbess, who commanded him to tell his dream and sing his verses in the pres- ence of learned men. It seemed to them that God had given the gift of poetry to the humble layman. Then they told him some stories from the holy history, and bade him turn them into melodious song. When he returned in the morning and sang the verses as he had been commanded, the Abbess Hilda began to love the grace of God in the man. At her request he forsook secular life and took on monastic habit. Since he could neither read nor write, she ordered the brethern to teach him the sacred ' narrative. The poet meditated upon all that he heard, and, ttlike a clean animal ruminat- ing? converted it into sweet poetry. He composed many songs, in all of which he earnestly desired to turn men from love of sin and evil acts, and make them eager to do good deeds. He was a pious man, and lived according to the rules of the monastery. For fourteen days before his death, he was afilicted with bodily infirmity, inspite of which he could both speak and walk. On the night of his departure from this world, he went to the house into which those were carried who were likely to die. He talked so joyously with all around him that no one believed there was any need for the eucharist, for which he called. ' When it' was brought, he assured himSelf that all had as much friendship and charity for him as he felt for the world; and strengthened him- self for the other life with the heavenly Viati- cum. Then he fell into a slumber in which his life peacefully ended. The manuscript containing Caedmon,s poetry was found by Archbishop Ussher, when he was searching in England for books With which to enrich Trinity College, Dublin. He gaire it to Francis Dujon, a scholar of Leyden, who is known as Junius. From this name it got its title. In the middle of the seventeenth century Francis Dujon took it to the continent, and had it printed in Amsterdam. Finally he brought it back to England where it remains in. the Bodleian library. The folio which consists of two hundred twenty-nine pages, is divided into two parts by the difference of hand writing. In the first, Genesis, Exodus, and Daniel were found. From the first of this group of poems the selection, ttThe Oifering of Isaac? was drawn. Accord- ing to Bede, Caedmon ttsang about the creation of the world, the creation of man, and all that THE NORMAL ADVANCE book of Genesis, that is the first book of Moses; and again about the departure of the people of Israel into the land of Egypt, and the entrance into the promised land; it t :k and about the incarnation of Christ, His suffer- ing, and His ascention into Heaven; and 0f the coming of the Holy Ghost, and the teachings of the apostles; and again concerning the day of coming judgment, the terrors of punishment full of torment, and the sweetness of the heavenly kingdom? The Offering of Isaac IFrom the Genesis attributed to Caedmon, preserved in MS; J unius XI of the Bodleian LibraryJ Then the powerful King began To test the man, he proved surely What the princeis courage was. In voice he spoke stern wordsi'to him: ttDepart thou quickly, Abraham, ' Thou journey, g0, and lead with thee Thine own child; Isaac thou shalt sacrifice To me, thy son, himself an oifering! When thou with thine own feet ascend The mountain steep, the highland,s crest, Which I shall show thee hence, right there Thou shalt prepare a funeral pile, A bale-fire, for thy child, thyself With swordts edge sacrifice thy son, With swart flame burn the corpse of loved one, Offer sacrifice to meFt Delayed he not the journey, then, But soon began to hasten forth; To him God,s angePs word was awful, But his Lord, dear. The blessed Abraim quit his own nightts rest, Nor disregarded Godts behest, But girt himself, the holy man, With sword of gray, he knew the fear Of the Keepefs spirit dwelt in his breast. The old distributer of gold Began to,brid1e then his ass, He bade two young men go with him, His Son was third, himself the fourth. He eagerly went from his dwelling Leading Isaac, child not grown, 145 As the Creator had commanded. Hastened swiftly, hurried forth Upon the trail, as God had taught The way over the waste, until Up over the deep water rose So glorious bright the third dayis dawn. The blessed man saw high hills tower, As heaven,s Lord had told him me, Then Abrtm spoke unto his servants, ttMy young men, rest you two here Among these camps; we come again, When we unto the spirit king Have done the errand of us twof The prince departed from them then, With his own son to that demark To which the Lord directed him To journey through the woods. The son Bore wood, the father fire and sword. The youth began to question Abraham In words beyond his years: ttWe have here the and sword, my lord, Where is that sacrilice that thou Doist think to bring as offering burnt Unto the glorious GodV Said Abraim tWho had right on thought that he Would do as God commanded himQ lttTrue King, the Keeper of man, that findeth For himself as thinketh fi P Then he ascended resolute The lofty mountains with his son, As had the Lord commanded him, Until he stood on the high hill, Upon the place to which the strong And faithful Lord in words directed him. He then began to kindle fire, To waken flame, and bound the feet And hands of his own child, and then Raised up young Isaac on the pyre, And quickly grasped the sword: Would slay his son with his own hands, Would let the fire lap blood of kin. Godts servant, angel from above, Cried out with voice so loud to Abraham. He, fixed, awaited then the speech Of that loud. voice, replied to Angel. God,s glorious spirit oter the sky In haste spoke unto him in words: 146 . THE NORMAL ADVANCE 'ttDear Abraham, slay not thy child, But from the fire withdraw the boy, Thine heir, alive: God grant him grace. Man of the Hebrews, through the holy Hand of Heavens King, thou shalt Thy self receive reward, the true Reward of victory, ample gifts: The Keeper will requitethee with Delights of spirit, since his friendship And his favor were more dear To thee than was thine only son? The fire stood kindled. The Maker of men Made glad- the heart of Abraham, The kith of Lot, because he gave Back Isaac, his own son, alive, The blessed man looked oter his back, Beheld not far from there a ram Of brother Aaronls, standing held ' In brambles fast; this Abratm took, And heaved it on the funeral pile, With haste, instead of his own child. And then he smote it With his sword, And he adorned the sacrifice, The smoking altar, with ramls blood, And sacrificed that gift to God. He uttered thanks for favors and for gifts, For all those blessings which the Lord Had given him before and since. The Indiana Pure Food Law CLEONE STUBBS By the Pure F 00d and Drug Law, approved March 4, 1907, the State Board of Health of Indiana was given the right to enforce the law of the state, governing food and drug adultera- tion, and by the same act, the chemist of the State Board of Health was made the state food and drug commissioner. The chemist is aided in enforcing the law by the state, county, and town food and drug inspectors, together with the deputy state health officers, subordinate to the State Board of Health. The duties of these inspectors are: 1. To collect samples of food and drugs for examination and analysis. 2. To inspect dairies, creameries, cheese fac- tories, and other places Where milk products are made and prepared. 3. T0 inspect stock yards, abattoirs, and slaughter houses where animals are kept for slaughter, slaughtered and prepared for market. 4. To inspect canning factories, confec- tionery factories, pickling factories, syrup re- fineries, bottling works, breweries, drug manu- -factories and other places Where foods and drugs are made and prepared. . 5. To inspect grocery stores, meat markets, drug stores, and other places dealing in and selling drugs. 6. To inspect bakeries, bake, shops, and other places Where bread, cake, pastries, con- fections, and similar products are prepared for sale. 7. To inspect restaurants, hotels. and other public places Where food is prepared and sold. 8. To confer with health and sanitary of- ficers in regard to the proper enforcements of pure food and drug laws. 9. To assist the local oHicials in the prosecu- tion of the violations of the food and drug laws. The inspectors, in collecting samples of food, purchases and pays for them. When possible these samples must be original packages, but in the case of cheese, milk, vinegar, bulk chem- icals, etc., samples are placed in suitable pack- ages and properly labeled. The qiiantity of ordinary bulk goods can not be less than six ounces and of liquids not less than one pint. When the samples are collected, each one is given a serial number, Which is known as the inspectors ttcollection number? These num- bers, together With the name of the manufac- .9 t THE NORMAL ADVANCE I 147 turer, retailer, town, county, brand, and date of collection are noted in the inspectorts blanks. This data is kept in duplicate, and each day copies of the descriptions of samples collected are forwarded to the state food and drug com- missioner. The original copy remains in the hands of the inspector to be used by him in conducting prosecutions. After the samples have been catalogued, they are taken to the state laboratory and placed, by the inspector, in a case suitably provided with lock and two keys, one of which is kept by the inspector and the other deposited with the state food and drug commissioner. When upon examination it appears that samples iof food are adulterated in Violation of pure food and drug law, the state food and drug com- missioner furnishes evidence to the district prosecutors. These prosecutors have the power to prosecute all persons who violate any pro- visions of the act. According to the law of Indiana, no sub- stance may be mixed with a food product that will lower or reduce its strength. This, of course. does not include substances that are properly used in the preparation of food pro- ducts for the purpose of clarifying or refining and eliminated in a further process of manufac- ture, but it does prohibit the sale of spices con- taining inert and foreign materials, such as cereals, ground olive stones, cocoanut shells, etc. Harmless colors only may be used in food products, and then, only when the use of such coloring matter does not make the article ap- pear better or of a greater value than it really is. Coloring matter counterfeits the appearance of natural food products. This regulation does not prohibit the use of harmless dye colors in confectionery, icings, dessert preparations, nor of color used in butter and cheese manufacture. Dyes and coloring matter must not, however, be used in preparation of meat products, such as sausage, minced meats, etc., where the color is incorporated with the product in the process of manufacture. The practice of dipping sausage for the purpose of giving a color to the casing only, is not prohibited. Further, the law says that the presence of any added antiseptic or preservative substance except common salt, saltpeter, cane sugar, vine- gar, spices or in smoked meat, the natural pro- a duct 0f the smoking process, is an adulteration. The use of salicylic acid, benzoic acid, boric acid, hydroflouric acid, sulphurous acid and compounds or salts of these acids, formalde- hyde or formaline, and mixtures of various kinds, saccharine, betanapthol or any other pre- servative injurious to health, is prohibited. Ac- cording to the state law benzoate of soda may be employed in quantities not to exceed one- tenth of one per cent for the preservation of tomato catsup. A statement of this fact must, however, be plainly printed upon the principle label. In an argument on the use of salicylic acid as a preservative, the packers, who have used it, say that the small quantity of the acid used is to prevent injurious eii'eets. The Bureau of Chemistry contends that the continued use of even small quantities is harmful. It claims that if there is no preservative effect of these drugs there is no excuse for using them, and that, if enough is used as a preservative, there must be enough to produce a harmful effect upon the human system. The use of preservatives is the more harmful because of a carelessness in meas- uring the quantity. 1f barely enough were used to prevent the spoiling of the food it would be a bad thing. but the quantity used is usually much greater. ' As a result of the analysis made in Indiana, the state is growing much better. One year ago H. E. Barnard, chemist of the State Board of Health, compiled the result of the analysis made in the state during the year immediately preceding and showed by the compilation of theseanalyses how great a percentage of certain food articles sold in the state were adulterated. This year a similar work has been completed and a comparison of the two compilations shows that Indiana is getting better since the laboratory work has made the state pure food law effective. The greatest improvement is shown in the spices. Last year the analysis 148 THE NORMAL ADVANCE showed that 43.5 per cent of the spices were adulterated. This yeafs result shows that only 9.4 per cent are adulterated. Vanilla and lemon extracts also show improvement. The per cent of the adulteration of vanilla has de- creased from 91.5 last year to 27 .2 this year. The per cent of adulteration in the lemon ex- tract this year is 63 as against 93.4 of last. This improvement in extracts is greatly due to the fact that the artificial is so labeled and not analyzed to find its purity, and then, too, the amount of genuine extract is increased. Vinegar is probably the most adulterated of all food articles. Last year 91.7 per cent of the so-called cider vinegar was adulterated, while this year it is only 63.3 per cent. For the most part vinegar is manufactured outside of the state and a few large manufacturers make most of it. These firms make a business of going into a state where the 'law is weak or poorly enforced. and staying there until liter- ally driven out. Within the last two moxiths results in vinegar show that some of the firms have left the state. Olive oil is about twice as good as it was. The per cent of adulteration last year was 38.1 and this year 15.1. Most of the bad olive oil of last year was sold by the druggists in bulk. They usually bought it from the wholesalers as the pure article, but they were deceived. As a result of the published analysis, however, the wholesalers are supplying the pure oil. Thus the Indiana pure food law is rapidly driving out or reforming her manufacturers of adulterated food products; and the thing which makes this possible is the chemical laboratory. Bightness expresses factions, what straight- ness does of lines; and there can no more be two kinds of straight lines. 4-H 67-12 art Spencer. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 149 The Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR .................. Editor-in-Chief WALDO F. Mn'anLL ............. . . Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN . . ............ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ................. Society Editor JESSE Woon ............... ' ...... Athletic Editor W. R. VALENTINE 3 Local and Alumni Editors HARRY Howxcx ............. 5 . CHLOE Houenwon ................... Senior Editor GRACE COLGLAZIER .................. Junior Editor CLYDE SHAW ..... - .............. Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross ................. College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF CALVIN H. PFINGST ................ Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS .............. Advertising Managers Amm BOWLES CLYDE SHOW E ---------------- Circulation Manager BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS. Ex-Omcio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman . A.R'IHUR CUNNINGHAM, WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0., Secretary WM. H. CAIN, '10, MR. SCHOPMEYER. 11 WM. UNVERFETH, 12 Published monthly from October to J une, inclusive. Terms ......................... $1.00 per.Year Single Copies ........................ 15 Cents Commencement Number ................. 35 Cents Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE, Terre Haute, Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify TEE ADVANCE. A11 alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terra Haule post omce as secnwd class mail matter. ttTHE HONESTY 0F LINCOLN? Dr. McConnel, president of DePauw Univer- sity, Who spoke in Chapel Hall, Friday, Febru- ary 11, on the honesty of Lincoln; charmed and instructed all who heard him with his splendid characterization of the emancipator. It is hard for us to refrain from quoting from his address, so striking and inspiring was it throughout. His main point was that Lincoln was a sincere and thorough thinker, who acted upon the re- sults of his reasoning with a courage and dar- ing that brought things to pass; herein Lin- coln,s title to ttHonest Abeti rests. CAP AND GOWN. The Indiana State Normal graduates a class of fifteen, or more, in the college course this year. These men and women are candidates for the A. B. degree, and their scholarship represents two years more of work than does the scholarship of the 01d noraml course class. In view of these facts, and 0f the growing im- portance of the college course, we believe that it will be wise and courteous for the seniors in the 01d normal course to refrain from wearing the cap and gown. t ATHLETICS. The basket ball season is drawing to a close, and our team deserves great credit for its per- severance and ttgamenessii in play. They way the team pulled together and defeated the strong Hanover squad was a remarkable proof of the increased staying power of Normal athletes. The athletic spirit seems to be in- creasing, too. Never before have we known Normal ttrootersii to cheer a team with songs and yells, when the score was against them, as they did at the end of the first half of the Hanover game. Undoubtedly, this spirit had something to do with the change in the score that gave I. S. N. victory. N 0w the baseball seasonlwill soon be upon us, and manager, captain and coach will be called upon to choose the varsity nine. Why not have the class games played before this nine is chosen? It is a well known fact that when the Normal nine get their second wind, that they are hard fellows to beat. Let the class captains . be chosen at once, that they may get their men' on the field as soon as the weather will permit; let the class games be played first; and we will have a winning team when the first varsity game is played. Were we inclined to philosophise on every- a thing that comes to our notice we might dis- cover evidences of Indiana State Normal School training in the recent success of Elmer Holmes Davis in earning the Rhodes scholarship from this state, for his mother graduated from I. S. N. in the class of 1884, and is a loyal and en- -x W tau wrur 'w'; ,, v 150 THE iNORMAL ADVANCE thusiastic alumnus after twenty-six years. We are not so inclined, though, so Mr. Davis own alma mater, Franklin College, may have un- disputed claim on the honor of having produced the first undergraduate scholar of the state this year. But we must observe that other traits than. the sins of parents are visited on their ichildren even unto the third or fourth genera- tion. Those Who enjoy good music owe Miss Min- turn a vote of thanks for her efforts in putting the Foreign Artists Course before the students. Entertainments such as these people offer ex- tend the power of appreciation to include some of the finer pleasures of life if the listener is willing to abandon himself for awhile to his imagination. We Will admit that it is either ridiculous or disgusting to merely observe a tall German With hands spasmodically clasped over the soft ti. e. lefty Side Of his shirt bosom and gasping HDu liebst mich nichtii in an exquisitely measured rhythm and tone. Butis it not worth while entering into the spirit of the thing a little when we know he may sing, 4tIn seinen Armen das Kind war todtfi while we still makes grimace? Y. M. and Y W. C. A. Y. M. C. A. BANQUET 17.111. 0.A. As a result of the campaign for membership, the enrollment of the association has reached 141 members. A banquet was given by the members of the association February 4, from 4:30 to 6 :30 in the association room. The pro- gram consisted of toasts 0n the different phases of the association work, and it proved to be one of the most helpful gatherings of the Y. M. C. A. this year. The program was: Our Aim ....................... Mr. Barbre Bible Study .......... A ........ Mr. McCloud tVVho in concluding his remarks called on Messrs. VVelborn and Connor to give their rea- sons for taking work in Bible study elassesj One Element of a Man .......... Mr. Mitchell The New Members ............... Mr. Connor The Helpfulness of Association ..... Mr. Cain Mr. Stalcup .................... Toastmaster The association feels proud'indeed to have such a large membership, but it realiZes that through this increase many new problems and responsibilities confront every officer. We have many men in the association who have never been members before, and a large number Who are missing both the advantages of church ser- vices and Bible study while in school. Every Christian man who feels that the battle is won had better awake to the big work still before the association. This increase in 111en1bership also adds new responsibilities to each man who has joined. When a man joins a Y. M. C. A. he has joined an organization which stands for, or should stand for complete manhood, not only religiously, but also intellectually, physically and morally. If our association has that standing and any member has not, will he not strive to attain it? If the association here does not mean what it should, let us all join to- gether and make it worth while. lVith the combined working of every man who has taken upon himself the title Y. M. C. A., and with no less than this can the Normal Y. M. C. A. ever hope to prosper. UUIL. II. Cain. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 151 Y. W. 0.11. The Blue and White contest of Y. W. C. A. closed Tuesday, F eb. 1. The Whites were suc- cessful in securing the most members. Their number being 39 while that of the Blues was 32. The total membership of the Association for this term is 121. Saturday, Feb. 5, from 3 to 5, the losers in the contest entertained the winners at the As- sociation House, 414: North Sixth street. The afternoon was spent in games and a splendid time was reported by all who were present. The regular Tuesday afternoon .meetings, held in the Literary rooms, have been well at- tended by the young women and they in return have received some good advice from some members of our faculty and other interesting speakers. ' All the young women of the school are in- vited and urged to attend these meetings. An entertainment will be given by the Col- umbia Boys Quartette March 4, under the aus- pices of Y. W. C. A. ATHLETICS BASKET BALL. The basket ball season is nearing a close at i I. S. N. The boys have three games as yet, Franklin, Rose and Eastern Illinois. We should have no trouble in humbling Charleston, but there is a different side to that question when we look at the other two games. We meet F ranklin Tuesday afternoon, Feb. 15, at 4 oiclock, and Rose February 18. As a Whole the team has made a fairly good showing this year. It is true they have lost the greater half of their gimes, but then we cant expect them to win when they are working under the difii- culties which they have been laboring under. Few unexperienced men can go into a gymna- sium and pick up the sport without expert- coaching. H amo'ver '03. N ormal. On J anuary 15, our boys journeyed to Han- over, Ind., only to go down to an overwhelming . defeat at the hands of the Hanover College five, the final score being, Hanover 54, Normal 4. Our boys seemed daied by the fast work of the Hanover tossers and were hopelessly beaten from the first blow of the Whistle. They seem- ed very weak at defense and their attempts at breaking up the floor work of the Hanover team were futile. Nowlin at center out-played Nugent and placed the ball Wherever he wanted it on the send off, making the large score possi- 152 t THE NORMAL ADVANCE ble. Laughlin, With a broken thumb, played a great game at guard, holding Whitaker, the star forward of Hanover, to two goals. Un- verferth scored all the points for Normal, with two field goals, one in each half. The last half was very rough and many fouls were made by each team, but our boys were unable to connect with the basket on their free throws and could not take advantage of the misplays of Han- over. Line-u-p and summary : Hanover G49 Positions. Normal 09 Miles tCath . . . . Forward ............. Ray Whittaker. . . . . Forward . . . .Unverferth Nowlin ........... Center ...Nugent tCath Boris ............. Guard .......... Laughlin Osborne Archer ............ Guard ...... Montgomery ' Field goals-Unverferth 2, Miles 5, Nowlin .8, Boris 5, Whittaker 2. F0111 goalseWhit- taker 3. Referee, Simpson. Time of halves, 20 minutes. Butler 93. Normal. On the evening of J anuary 21, our team fell before Butler in a game which strongly resem- bled foot ball. Normal put up a strong de- fensive game in the iirst half and held Butler to 8 points, but in the last half Coach Gipets five ran away from our boys through the su- perior work of Thomas and McKay. Normal started the game in true champion- ship style with Laughlin caging the ball after t a minute of fast play, and was followed some minutes later by Ray, who took a long shot at the basket and made the most spectacular basket of the fray. This gave us a lead of four points, but there was nothing doing for us for about thirty minutes of play. McKay started the ball rolling for Butler and was followed by Kingsbury and Thomas. The first half ended, Butler 8, Normal 4. The second half was not as rough as the hrst, and had some resemblance of a basket ball game. However, our boys could not keep up with the pace set by the Irvingtonites and their team work made the Victory surer Unverferth played a good game during the last half, scor- ing the only two goals from field. Laughlin at guard as usual played a good game, shutting out his man. He suffered an injured ankle dur- ing the last minutes of play and Osborne went in and finished the game. The final count was Butler 25, Normal 8. Line-up and summary : Butler t25a Positions. Normal m McKay tCath... Forward .... . . . . . . .Ray Kingsbury ....... Forward . . . .Unverferth Thomas ........ I. . Center . . .Nugent tCath Marsh ............ Guard ......... Laughlin Osborne Silvers. . . . . . . . . L .. Guard . . . Montgomery Field goals-McKay 6, Kingsbury, Thomas 4, Silvers, Ray, Unverferthr2, Laughlin. Foul goalseMcKay. Referee, Kisner. Timers, OtNeal and VanWert. Time of halves, 20 minutes. ' E. LS. N.os. I. S. N. Our boys put one over on our old-time rival, Eastern Illinois State Normal, on the even- ing of January 28, winning a hard fought battle by the score of 19 to 10. The game was a rough one, played close to the fioor with neither five showing any team work. In fact, , at times the contest strongiy resembled a foot . ball battle, with the players stacked up in piles on the floor. If either team had shown any team work at all, the other team would have been snowed under. The teams were pretty evenly matched as far as team work goes and as neither team has any coach we can not expect them to put forth the team work and class of ball that the colleges of our state do. How- ever, Indiana Normal had two players which stood out prominently, Unverferth and Laugh- lin. Unverferth made several good shots for baskets, although he was unable to locate the cage on free shots. Laughlin played a con- sistent game as goal defender and took the ball away from his opponents time after time. He always put the play back toward the Illinois THE NORMAL ADVANCE livets goal, and was the only man who succeed- ed in eluding his opponents in dribbling. Hill at forward, played the best game for the Visit 01's, scoring eight of their ten points. Line-up and summary: E. I. S. N. tlm Normal t19l Serviss .......... F orward ..... Ray, Brown Hill tCath ..... Forward ....... Unverferth Carney ............ Center . . ..Nugent tCath Zimmerman ....... Guard .......... Laughlin G. Butler ......... Guard ...... Montgomery Osborne. Field goals4Hill 2, Carney, Unverferth 3, Nugent 3, Laughlin 2, Montgomery. Foul g0als-Hill 4, Unverferth. Referee, Kisner. Time of halves, 20 minutes. H amover '08. N omal. Normal students went into spasms of delight when our basket ball team defeated the Han- over College ball tossers by the close score of 18 to 16. At the end of the first half the score was 15 to 7 in favor of the down-staters, but our boys went in after the intermission and showed such speed as to allow the Hanover team only one point, while they were able to register 11 of the markers. Normal scored three points in the first half before Hanover took a start, but it was short lived, for Hanover made five field and two foul goals before our boys again found the basket. The Visitors played a more skillful game in first half than our boys and had them on the defensive during most of the play. During the intermission it was talked that Laughlin would be out of the game on account of committing five personal fouls, but he was able to play through the entire game. During the second half, the Normal boys seemed to work together and showed some sign of team work. Unver- ferth was the shining light of our boys, as he was in the play at every stage of the game, and had his eye on the basket for free throws. The five foul goals he threw in the last half were re- sponsible for the defeat of the Hanover team. Referee Kisner was a little too strict in the second half to satisfy the Hanover players, a1- sHanover Q64 Grady, Unverferth 5, Ray, Laughlin. 153 though they made no complaint. The Han- over boys played a good game and from their experience and superior team work should have been able to defeat our boys. Our boys re- ceived great support from the rooters and once during the second half Referee Kisner stopped the playing when Archer was given a free throw, until the rooters quieted down. Line-up and summary: Normal GED Reynolds, Miles ............ Forward . . . . ...Unverferth Whittaker ....... Forward ............. Ray Nowlin ........... Center . . .Nugent tCath Noris ............. Guard . . . . . . .Montgomery Archer ............ Guard ' .......... Laughlin Field goalkNugent, Unverferth 2, Ray, Montgomery, Laughlin, Reynolds 2, Nowlin, Whittaker, N oris, Archer. Foul goals4Unver- ferth 6, Archer 4. Referee, Kisner. Scorer, Bash. Time keepers, Reynolds and Bird. DePauw vs. N ormal. On the evening of Feb. 7, our boys journeyed to DePauw only to be defeated by their quintet by the score of 44-16. Although our boys put up a good game they were unable to cope with the work of the Methodists. At the end of the flrst half it looked as if our boys had a chance, as the score stood 14-10 in favor of DePauw, but in the second half our boys went to pieces, and the Preachers very easily piled up the score. Line-up and summary : DePauw cm N ormal tlm Crick tCath . . . . Forward ............. Ray Dale ............ Forward ...... Unverferth Walker, Pearson. . Center .. ..Nugent tCath Christy Hardin, Wolfe ..... Guard ..... Montgomery Grady ...... , ....... Guard ........ Laughlin Field goals4Dale 10, Crick 5, Walker 4, Foul goalseCrick 4, Unverferth 2. Referee, Biddel, of Indianapolis. 1534 Butler vs. N ormal. Butler College defeated I. S. N. at Indian- apolis 0n the evening of Feb. 12, by the score of 37-15. The game was rough from start to finish and many fouls were called. Thomas played best for Butler, scoring ten field goals. Line-up and summary: Butler 0371 Positions. , Normal um McKay tCath . . Forward ...... Unverferth Kingsberry ....... Forward ............. Ray Thomas .......... Center . . .Nugent tCath Silvers ............ Guard . . ..Montgomery Marsh ............ Guard ......... Laughlin Fie1d goalseThomas 10, Marsh, Kingsberry 4, McKay, Unverferth 2, Ray, Laughlin, Monte gomery, Nugent 2. Foul goalseMcKay 5. Un- verferth 1. Time of halves, 20 minutes. HIGH SCHOOL BASKET BALL Pam's 17-117 omal H igh 41. Normal High received its second defeat Frie day evening, Jan. 21, at the hands of Paris High School. The home team was the equal of the Visitors in floor play, caging six goals from the field to their five, but the latter seem- ed to find the goal from the foul line, making seven points in that way. The final score stood 17 to 14. The 1ine-up: Paris t17 1 Normal High U41 Black, tCath . . . . Forward ....... Charman Bond ............ Forward . . . . . .....Neukom Keys ............. Center . . .. . . . . . Seeburger Wallage ........... Guard ........... Reagan Houston .......... Guard . . .Gillum, tCath Field goalseNeukom 3, Gillum 2, Bond 2, Keys 2, Black, Charman. Foul goals-Char- man, Neukom, Black 7. Referee, Clark. Marshall JOwNormal High 35. Normal High School defeated Marshall for the second time on the evening of J an. 28. The Marshall boys were plucky, but were outplayed at every point and at no time was the issue of the game doubtful, the final score standing 35 to 10. The Normal team showed up uniformly well, each player scoring, while Ray gained .most of the visit'orsi points. THE NORMAL ADVANCE The line-up and summary: Marshall t101 Normal High t351 Ray ............. F orward ......... Neukom Michael .......... F orward . . . . . .. . ..Whiseen Baker ............ Center ......... Seeburger Devel ............ Guard ........... Reagan Claypool .......... Guard ............ Gillum F ield goalseFor MarshaH, Nay 3, Michael; for Normal, Neukom 7, VVhissen 4, Reagan 2, Seeburger 2, Gillum. Foul goaISeRay, Mich- ael, Neukom 3. Brazil 16eN07'maZ High 25. The game with Brazil High sch001, Friday evening, Feb. 7, was won after a hard struggle by the Normal High team. The teams played fast and as they were about evenly matched, the advantage seemed to be first with one side and then with the other, throughout the whole iirst half, which ended with the score 12 to 11 in Brazilts favor. In the second half, however, the Normal team came back with an excellent exhibition of fast, steady play and consistent team work which proved too much for the Visitors. The Normal High School boys played all over the floor and the guards helped with the goal throwing, Reagan putting in three from the field within a few minutes of each other, while Neukom made the fouls count with seven out of a possible ten. The Victory was due to the fact that the locals worked together all the time. The sunimary: ,Brazil t161 Normal High t251 Zeller ............ Forward ......... Neukom Englehart. . . . . Forward . . . . . . ....Whissen H. Decker. . . . . . Center . . . . . .Seeburger Swain ............ Guard .......... 1. Reagan A. Decker. . . . . . Guard ... . . . . .Gillum Sowers ........... Guard Baxter ............ Guard .......... RefereeeCIark. Two games yet remain on the Normal High School schedule, Feb. 18, with Danville, 111., in Normal Gym, and Feb. 25, with Wiley, place yet undecided. The High school boys are work- ing hard in order to finish the season With as many games to their credit as possible. THE NORMAL ADVANCE George P. Brown, who died February 1 at Bloomington, Illinois, at the age of seventy- four, was a member of the first faculty, and later t1879-1885t served as president of the Indiana State Normal School. He was a native of Ashtabula county, Ohio. From Terre Haute he went to Bloomington, Illinois, and engaged in publishing school books and the ttPublic School Journal? an organ for public school teachers.. He was engaged in the pub- lishing business at the time of his death. He was an intimate friend of the late Dr. Harris. U nited States commissioner of educa- tion, and with him took part. in several educa- tional reforms. He leaves a Widow and four sons, C. C. Brown of Indianapolis, F. S. Brown of Bloom- ington, and Drs. Ralph and Walter Brown of Kansas. The funeral took place at Blooming- ton, Illinois, F ebruary 4. GEORGE P. BROWN r 1135 156 THE NORMAL ADVANCE LITERARY CLUBS . ORATORIOAL LEAGUE. The date for the preliminary oratorical con- test has been changed from Feb. 11, to March 18,' on account of the need for time in the preparation of the orations. Since this change has been made, the first contest of the year Willtbe a debate between the Philomathean and Alethenai Literary societies, which will take place March 11. The question for debate is: ttResolved, That 'immigration laws should be further restrictive? Misses Walter, Parsons and Black will represent the Alethenai 0n the affirmative; Misses Hardy, Goldman, and Rut- ledge the Philomathean 0n the negative. This debate promises to be one of especial interest since it Will be the iirst public debate between the two ladies, societies. i The varsity debating team is meeting Prof. Bacon one hour of each week for a study of the question of income tax. This debate will take place sometime in May. 01 OERONI AN . . The Ciceronian Society has held its regular meetings, and much interest has been mani- fested in the work. The society is represented on the team that will represent this school in the Inter-Normal debate by Messrs. Cain and Hufford. Two new members, Messrs. Pfingst and Grants, have been elected, and the society is confident that they will prove to be strong men. w DAEDALIAN. The Daedalians are having enthusiastic meetings this term. One event of interest to the members is the debate to be held April 15 between the Ciceronian and Daedalian teams. Most of the terms of the debate have been agreed upon. The time to be allotted to the respective speakers has not as yet been de- cided. Mr. Lidikay has been out of school for twe 01' three weeks on account of illness. We hope to see his smiling face again in a few days. Mr. Russell Blythe has become a Daedalian. v FORUM. The Forum boys have been working with a New YearKs spirit all this term. The program committee has been dishing out some classy work, accompanied With mottoes such as, itHoe cornf3 ttThe Gods give us everything for toil? itHumei etc, which are in keeping With the spirit of work. Debating has been given a prominent place this term. The individual talks have been along the line of current events. and have been selected with the view of mak- ing each program a unit. Saturday morning, Feb. 12, a part of the program was postponed and a itpeanut ban- quet? was substituted. A11 thoroughly en- joyed the itbreathing spell? and each member gave a short toast. Four 01d members, A. E. Hopper, Claude Cohee, Rupert Field, and Chester Zechiel, have paid their respects this term. This gives a boost Which is in a class to itself. Who does the best his circumstance allows, Does well, acts nobly; angels could do no more. -Y 01mg. THE. NORMAL ADVANCE 157 SOCIETY WOMANlS LEAGUE. On F eb. 1 there was a mass meeting of all members of the League. The regular business of the executive committee was carried on. The report of the treasurer was read and plans for the future considered. There is almost $200 in the treasury. The meeting was held so that all members of the Liaague might know what was being done and so that each one might become more interested in the League. On Tuesday, Feb. 8, there was a meeting of all non-chapter members of the League to elect a representative for the executive committee. Miss Polkcock was elected. On J anuary 28 the Kappa and Athleta chapters of the Womanls League gave a tea in the Association and Faculty rooms to all new members of the League, and new girls in school. The rooms were a decorated with pennants, flowers and ferns. A short program consisting of the following numbers was given: Piano Solo ................ Katherine McCale Reading ...................... Mrs. Guillett Solo ......................... Edith Horton After the program daint y refreshmentswere served. A LPHA . Mrs. Samuel Craig, formerly Miss Jessie Baker, a graduate of the State Normal, and a member of the Alpha Section of the Womanls League, was hostess for a delightful party at her beautiful new home on North Center street, in honor of her guest, Miss Winifred Trueblood. of Indianapolis, on Saturday after- noon, January 15. A contest was the diversion of the afternoon, for which a pretty prize was awarded Miss J 0y Muchmore. The guests present were: Misses Edith Hamilton, Cara- belle Grreiner, Anne Price, Myrtle Landerholm, Arpy Curry, Simmone Crise, Helen Wright, Alma McCrum, J 0y Muchmore, Agnes Maxam, Mildred Stults, Bernice Bowlby, Lucy Belle Settle, Lucy Woody, Hazel Kelly, Marguerite Welch, Blanche Elliott, Katherine McBride, Ruby Weills, Willie Shively, Ethel Hughes, and Mrs. Samuel Wilkinson. The Alpha initiation for the winter term was held at the home of Miss Laura Shryer on Fri- day night, J anuary 28. Miss Laura Shryer left on Friday, February 4th, for New York to enter Columbia Uni- versity. ATHLETA. On J anuary 15 Miss Ada Welte entertained the Athletas at a 6 olclock dinner. The guests were Misses Lyle, Schloss, McHale, Fettig, Dykman, Reed, Richards, Alexander, Dussard, Sutton, and Freed. In the literary contest which followed, Miss Mary Richards won the honors. , Initiation ceremonies took place Jan. 22, at 423 South Fourth street. Miss Lois Rutledge was hostess. Those initiated were Misses Dus- sard, Alexander, Richards, Freed, Reed, Dyk- man, F ettig, McHale, Schloss, Sutton, and Bratton. Delicious refreshments were served. ' The Athletas gave a dance at Duenwegls hall Feb. 5. The ball room and parlors were elab- orately decorated in college pennants and ferns. In the back parlor the girls served punch throughout the evening. The chaperons were Misses Hamilton and Hill, and Mr. .Baxter. The guests were Messrs. Schmidt, Hunter, Klenk, Johnson, Kadel, Beck, Cobb, Slocum, Callahan, Mace, Daner, Clickquanoi, Stoecker, Bethhittaker, Roberts, and Conard. The out of town guests were Misses Nightlinger, Holingsworth, and Cutchall, from Brazil; and Messrs. Heifman, Columbus; Cutchall, Brazil; Graverson, Bloomington; and Yater, Hobbs, and Flaugher, Lafayette. 158 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Hf- OMEGA. Miss Grace Kearns, of 1319 Chestnut street, was hostess for delightful reception given for the Omega girls on the afternoon of J anuary 22. All the members of the chapter who are now in school were present. Various games, music, and contests were the diversions of the afternoon. The following girls were initiated into the section: Misses Blanche Meyers, Catherine Donovan, Elsie Burkhardt, Ora Voyles, Ivah McClaren, and Laura Horton. Miss Bennett welcomed the new members in behalf of the section. After this refreshments consisting of ice cream, cake, and candy were served. The reception proved to be an enjoyable affair for all. Those present were Misses Bennett, Grimes, Flaherety, Peyton, Kearns, Hayward, Burke, Meyers, Donovan, Burkhardt, Voyles, Mc- Claren, Horton, and Schuler. Miss Nola Williams, former leader of the section, is teaching in primary grades at Vin- cennes for the rest of the year. The following girls are at home since the Christmas vacation: Misses Dora Haxton, Myrtle Templeton, and Catherine Green. MU ZETA The Mu Zeta section has decided to revert to its original constitution. It was organized as ' the musical section of the Womanls League in accordance with which idea the membership was restricted to girls especially interested in music. Several exceptions have recently been made but in the future the old rule will be ob- served. Miss Minturn has arranged a number of in- teresting programs for the section to be given at its regular meetings, Saturday afternoon. Each afternoon is to be devoted to the study of some one composer. The iirst of these programs was a MacDowell program given at the home of Miss Hazel Holden, 1028 South Eighth street. Miss Emma Dwight gave a sketch of the authors life, and showed numerous interesting picttu'es relating to it. Mrs. Shultz, an old Mu Zeta, attended the meeting and played several of MacDowelPs compositions, end Miss Nelle Haberstitch sang several of his songs. Ices, cake, nuts, and choco- late were served. Miss Clippenger was a guest of the section. The second regular program of the term was given Saturday afternoon, Feb. 12, at the home of Miss Minnie Hoberg, 676 Ohio street. Miss Elizabeth Williams had charge of the program. The afternoon was given to the study of Chad- wick and Dudley Buck. Miss Clippenger, who had work with the former in the Boston Con- servatory of Music, told what she knew of his life, and gave many interesting anecdotes. She then played one of his compositions with much taste. Miss Williams sang one of his songs in a very pleasing manner. Miss Jessie Sigler gave the life of Dudley Buck, and a quartet consisting of the Misses Anna Ore- baugh, Emma Dwight, Freda Meyer, and Eliz- abeth Williams, rendered one of his choruses. Mrs. Waterman rendered several McDowell numbers. That composer was the study of the afternoon two weeks before, and she was un- able to attend. The section is anticipating a splendid pro- gram in March to be given by Miss Clippenger, who is a graduate of the Boston Conservatory of Music. The Mu Zeta section, chaperoned by Miss Minturn, attended the Wullner concert at the Grand, Thursday, J an. 21. They will also at- tend the other two numbers of this artistls course. Initiation was held Friday evening, Feb. 4, at the home of Miss Freda Meyer, 1428 South Center street. A committee of those initiated last fall had charge of the arrangements for this initiation and the new members cannot deny that this committee took a hearty interest in the affair. Miss Katherine Kester will give the section a ttjuvenilel, party Friday evening, Feb. 18. All the members will come dressed as children and ,spend the evening making doll clothes and playing all sorts of childish games. 4 EL 1 i l A l .1... - wmw;tav-w v THE NORMAL ADVANCE 159 T PSI THETA. A short time after the holiday vacation, the Psi Thetas enjoyed an old time taffy pulling at the home of Miss Blanche J ohnson. Besides the members several friends participated in the fun. Several days later the section entertain- ed a number of friends at the Rose Pharmacy. On Monday evening, Feb. 7 , the girls again entertained at a 6 0,0100k luncheon at Miss Norrist home. An initiation was held at 516 North Sixth street on F riday afternoon, Feb. 11. Those who took the solemn obligations were the Misses Iva Trout, Edna Talbot, Edna Newman, Elizabeth Maish, and Nelle Flesher. Saturday afternoon, Feb. 12, a matinee party was given at the Grand. LLAMABADA. On Saturday evening, J anuary 15, the Lla- maradas enjoyed a chafing dish party at the home of Mrs. Charles Montgomery, 531 North Center street. Several of the girls have chafing dishes, and by the aid of these a number of dainty dishes were prepared. Afterwards fudge and other candies were made, and marshmal- lows were toasted before the open grate. The guests of the section were Gladys Toole and Maude J ones. The following Saturday the girls enjoyed an all-day indoor picnic and sewing-bee with Mrs. Montgomery. The girls made the colonial dresses, which they are to wear at a Washing- ton party, which they had planned to give in F ebruary. At noon a picnic luncheon was served, and in the afternoon the regular bi- monthly business meeting was held. After this a number of kodak pictures of the girls were taken. After the next business meeting, Satur- day, February 5, the girls, as usual, enjoyed a social time. Banners and pennants were cut out to be made. The section had planned to have a little in- formal gathering at the home of the Misses Nantz, 401 South Fourth, to meet Miss Clip- penger on Saturday evening, Feb. 12, but as the Llamarada House was quarantined through a case of measles, the meeting had to be post- poned. The first degree of imitation had been set for Tuesday evening, F eb. 8, but this also had to be postponed on account of Miss 'Stib- binsls illness. The girls have been quite busy lately writing accounts of what they are doing, and writing news of other members of the section, to non- active members. Quite a bit of correspondence is carried on between the present active mem- bers and the non-active members. Each divi- sion keeps posted on what the 'other division is doing. The girls feel that this strengthens their organization, and makes them more truly a unit. PI ZETA The members of the section entertained on February 13, at the Mansion House. The parlors were artistically decorated in the chap- ter colors, blue and yellow. Miss Mae Brook- ing and Miss Nellie Sears gave an exhibition of mind-reading, which greatly mystified the other girls. Luncheon was served at eight. The guests of the chapter were the Misses Bright, Sears, Thresher, Ronk, Clark, Parker, and Mc- Intosh. On Thursday evening, February 3, the first degree of initiation was given to the candidates for membership. The new members are the Misses Barnard, Clark, and McIntosh. LE OEYGJAS. The Le Ceygjas held their regular meeting Saturday, J anuary 29. After the business ses- sion the girls spent the time in sewing and eat- ing home-made cracker-jack and candies. The girls are planning a theater party and are anticipating a pleasant time. Owing to the reception given by the Y. W. C. A. for its new members Saturday, February 5, the next regular meeting will be held F ebru- ary 19. Misses Florence Peck and Babara Wagle sw'w 160 THE NORMAL ADVANCE spent the week end at Indianapolis, the guests of Miss Wagle 8 parents. MYOSOTIS. Miss Annalee Shortridge entertained the chapter on the evening of February 4. Needle- work and music were the diversions, and a hot luncheon was served. Misses Coradel Wade and Hazel Shortridge were guests. Miss Helen Sale was hostess for a Valentine party Friday evening, February 11. The house was appropriately decorated with pennants and hearts. A number of contests, music,.and con- versation were the amusements. Delicious re- freshments were served and clever little poster- valentines were given as favors. The guests were the Misses Ada Tichenor, Lenora R01- lings, Annalee and Hazel Shortridge, Cecilia Black, Bertha Dodson, Norma Failing, Coradel Wade, Nellie Waller, and Mary McBeth, and Messrs. Elliott, Hall, Caldwell, Henry, Evans, Neyhous, Buckner, Black, May, and McBeth. Miss Coradel Wade is a pledge member who is to be initiated at the next meting. The Myosotis girls are wearing attractive new bronze belt-pins, which they had made at' the Rose Polytechnic shops. The girls of the Myosotis chapter met at the home of Miss Mary McBeth on J anuary 21. The Misses Erickson and Elliott were guests of honor. After enjoying a social hour together, refreshments were served. ROSA BONHEUR. On J anuary 15 the Rosa Bonheur girls were entertained by the Misses Siner, R011 and J os- lin at 419 South Fourth street. The afternoon was spent in games and music, after which re- freshments were served. An initiating party was given at the Associa- tion House, 414 North Sixth street, January 29. Miss Berry was the candidate for initia- tion, and after she was allowed to enter into the , secrets of the chapter, the girls were taken down town to the Rose Pharmacy. The hos- tesses were the Misses Trobaugh and Bundy. The Misses Laura and Kate Woody gave a Valentine party Friday evening, Feb. 11, at their home, 2432 North Seventh street. Those present were the Misses Berry, R011, Trobaugh, Woody, Siner, Goodin, Woody, Joslin, and Mrs.We11s, and Messrs. J ohns, Summers, Ten- nell, Christy, Bly, and Wells. ZETA ZETAS The members of the Zeta Zeta sorority enter- tained with a Valentine party at the Mansion House on Friday evening, February 11. Music and games were the diversion, after which re- freshments were served. The color scheme was red and white, and the favors were carnations. Those present were the Misses Hattie Stir- walt, Kathryn Rogers, Ruth Gardner, Kelsey Allen, Willie Cline, Mary Rogers, Lida Mu- nick, Edna Michael, Laura Ellis, Thersa Wehr, Bess Spradling, and Georgia Brewster; Messrs. Everett Stirwalt, J ames Haigerty, Barney Hammond, Belford Craner, Ray J ared, Lesley Spradling, Earnest Sink, Butler Laughlin, Edward Ellis, Lloyd Wehr, Charley Murphy. Mr. and Mrs. Cox acted as chaperones. The Zeta Zetas entertained the Misses Mar- tina Erickson and Blanche Elliott 0n Satur- day afternoon, January 22, at the home of Kathryn Rogers, South Ninth street. The af- ternoon was very pleasantly. spent, after which dainty refreshments were served. JUNIORS. The Junior Class held its first social meet- ing Friday evening, February 11, which was a marked success. The following program was given which was thoroughly enjoyed by every one present: Reading ...................... Mr. McClure Piano Solo .................... Miss Penrod Reading . . . . . . : . .h ............. Miss Gillispie The president especially urges all members of the class to attend these meetings. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 161 Tea: SENIORS. The Senior Class held its second regular meeting Friday evening, Jan. 28. The follow- ing program was given: ' Talk ............................ Mr. Sharp Vocal Solo ...................... Miss Meyer Vocal Solo . .i ................. Miss Horton The chief business part of the meeting con- sisted of a discussion in regard to a Senior en- tertainment to be given Commencement week. However, nothing definite was decided. A call meeting was held Friday evening, Feb. 4, for the purpose of deciding on the Senior en- tertainment. Committees were appointed to make further investigations in regard to this matter. Friday evening, Feb. 11, the third regular meeting was held. The program consisted of: Reading ...................... Mrs. McClure Piano Solo ...................... Miss Ringo Piano Duet ..... Misses Edington and Runion After the program was given the remainder of the time was devoted entirely to a business discussion. The Senior meetings have thus far been quite well attended and have aroused a great deal of interest among the members, but there is still room for more Seniors 111 these meetings. LOCAL and ALUMNI Walter W. Harvey, tll, who is teaching in West Terre Haute, Visited With the boys in Normal halls Saturday, J anuary 29. Mr. Harvey was the efficient literary editor of the ADVANCE last year. Winlield Fox, t09, who is teaching science at Little Orleans, visited friends at I. S. N . Sat- urday, January 29. Mr. F ox was the labora- tory assistant in the department of botany and zoology last year. Will E. Edington, ,08 and C. C. t09, now teaching mathematics at Brazil, was in town Saturday, January 29. He says that he will be in school at I. S. N. again for the last few weeks of the spring term. Archie Hopper, ,08, who is teaching manual training at Marion, visited friends at I. S. N. J anuary 29. Supt. J . W. F igg, ,01, Danville, Indiana, fur- nished the ADVANCE with the following infor- mation: Mrs. Smythie Hadley Haworth, l01, is on a farm near Hadley , Miss Martha Stock- inger, :02, is teaching at Danville; Misses Cora Simpson and Edith Blaydes, t08, are teaching near Danville; and Mr.Edga1 Blessing, 99, is an attorney at Danville. J. Howard Wagner, 96, the first editor-in- chief of the NORMAL ADVANCE, is new editor and manager of the Daily Courier, Auburn, Indiana; and the 131st business manager, W. E. Schoonover, tOO, is manager of the Hixon Lum- ber Company, at Garrett, Indiana. Ray Davis, I. S. N. ,11, once a Hanover stu- dent, was at the Hanover-Normal game in Normal gym February 5. He hardly knew whether to join the Normal ttrooterstt or Miss Hill with her Hanover pennant, but finally stationed himself half way between and con- tended himself With occasional glances in either direction. G. W. Rowe, :09, and Miss Margaret Hill of Dayton, Indiana, were married at the home of the bride, September ,8: 1909. Mr. Rowe is a senior at Wabash College this year and expects to enter some theological seminary this fall, where he will complete his preparation for the ministry. The following are some of the alumni and undergraduates not now in school, Who ttrootedlt for I. S. N. at the basket ball game With Butler, J anuary 21: J ames Everett, t09; Ernest Cahal, 08; M. C. Patton, ,12. Mr. John B. Hessong, ,03, is in the insur- ance business at Broad Ripple. 162 Chester Zechiel, l08, visited 1. S. N. Saturday, J anuary 29. He is head of the department of physiography at the Anderson High School. Mr. Elwood E. Brooks, i03, is attending Wis- consin University. Mr. E. E. McTerren, ,03, is practicing law in Bloomington. Miss Mary Hall, i01, is teaching at Knights- town. Miss Clara M. Love, iOl, is principal of the Cruft School, Terre Haute'. Mr. Herbert Neice, 701, is teaching at El- wood. Mrs. Louise Severin Davis, i841, of Aurora, Indiana, has just renewed subscription for the ADVANCE. Mrs. Davis is the mother of Elmer Holmes Davis, who was recently appointed to the Rhodes Scholarship from Indiana. This is one of the highest scholastic honors open to an undergraduate, and entitles the holder to an allowance of $1,500 a year, and to three years tuition at Oxford University, in England. Davis is a popular student at Franklin College where he will complete his course this year. Supt. T. W. Cooley of Evansville, was here the early part of the term and secured a teacher or two for the Evansville schools. Professors Hyde and Wisely attended an or- atorical contest at North Salem, February 5. THE NORMAL ADVANCE Mr. Winfield FOX, ,09, who is teaching in the biology department at Little Orleans, was a. rooter at the game between Hanover and. I. S. N. a Mr. Chas. Updike, who is principal of the Westpoint High School, expects to be in school in the spring term. Mr. Frank T. Albright of Columbus, Ohio, spent February 7 and 8 with his sister, Miss Stella M. Albright. Mr. Otto Lidikay, 10, who has been absent from school for some time because of measles, will soon be back in school. Mr. William Cobb has been absent from school for some time because of measles. Miss Hazel Shortridge, i09, who is teaching at Jasonville, was an I. S. N. visitor Febru- ary 5. Prof. Hyde is a newly elected member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Supt. Richard Parke of Sullivan county, called at I. S. N. a few days ago in search of teachers. In order to accommodate graduates of high schools not closing until the end of May, it has been decided to postpone the opening of our mid-spring term to Monday, May 30, 1910. The term will be twelve weeks, ending Friday August 19. ' Every man feels instinctively that all the beautiful sentiments in the world weigh less than a single lovely action. eLowell. m; WA- . - THE NORMAL ADVANCE 163 EXCHANGES SIMPLIFIED GRAMMAR. Jennyls uncle, Who was a school teacher, met her on the street one beautiful May day and asked her if she was going to the May-Pole party. ttNo, I ainlt going? ttOh, my dear? said her uncle, ttyou must not say tI ainlt going? You must say, 441 am not go- ing? and he proceeded to give her a little lesson in grammar. ttYou are not going. He is not going. We are not going. You are not going. They are not going. Now, can you say all that J enney W ttShure, I early she replied. ttThere ainlt nobody going? eEw. ttFreshmenelrresponsible. SophomoreSeIrrepressible. JuniorseIrresistible. Seniorselrreproachable? eEw. Attention Normal Boys ! The UFERNll BARBER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Massaging, both electric and hand Special attention and interest shown the Normal boys. HARRY WILSON. In his opening address, the president of a Southern college made reference to the recent advance in the mechanical world. ttYesf, said he, ttthe automobiles are going out of date. Soon airships Will be the plaything of the rich, and once more the meek Will inherit the earthy aEw. Speaking of Latin :ee All are dead WhO wrote it, All are dead Who spoke it, All Will die Who learn it, Blessed deathwthey earn it. eEw. Doctor tto Patls Wife, after examining Pat, who has been run down by an autot-ttMadam, I fear your husband is dead? PatetfeeblytettNo, I ainlt dead yet? Patls WifeettHush, Pat, the gentleman knows better than you? eEm. A school paper is a great institution. The editor gets the blame, the manager the experi- ence, and the printer the money, if there is any. -Em. The Orbiel SupplyCo. G-ttTHE NEW BOOK STORE 9 is now prepared to serve the entire needs of the Normal Students in SCHOOL SUPPLIES. FOUNTAIN PENS. SPECIAL STATIONERY. PEN- NANTS. PINS. ETC. New and Second Hand Books always on hand. We repair all makes of typewriters anti fountain pens. W e rent or sell all makes 3f typewriters. Mail orders given prompt attention. First Store South of Normal on West Side 118 North Sixth Street e. .wnry u hue .. . . ,, .1 V . ...V..-r .y .... 164 THE NORMAL ADVANCE EXCHANGES The governor looked puzzled. hLook here,77 he said, turning to his private secretary, hcan you tell me Whether this note comes from my tailor 01' my lawyer? Theyhre both named Brown? The note read as follows: q have begun your suit. Ready to be tried on Thursday. Come in. Browny eEw. When the donkey saw the zebra He began to switch his tail. cWVell, I never? was his comment; hHerek a mule thaPS been in jail?7 ' mEm. A man dropped his Wig in the street, and a boy close behind him picked it up and handed it to him. hThank you, my boy? said the owner, ghYou are the first genuine hair restorer I have ever seen? le'tn. ALL KINDS OF CUT FLOWERS JNO. G. HEINL $x SON Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry 6: Dyeing C0. ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 308-3IO Cherry St. Both Phones I84 ' W. L. BASS, Agent I No. 21 North Sixth Street AMERICAN STATE BANK Organized and controlled by W. H. Taber an old 'I. S. N. student. c Gbe American State Bank situated at 411 Wabash Avenue Terre Haute, Ind. places at your disposal its facilities. and invites you to make your de- posits With this-bank. Every stu- dent is assured of courteous treat- ment and prompt attention. Call and See Us Moore-Langen Printing Co. Printers. Binders Blank Book Manufacturers PUBLISHERS TERRE HAUTE. IND. Both Phones 64 0mm BBBK 31 WE Corner of Sixth and Cherry Sts. We have everything in the hooks you needeSchool Pennhnts,.School Pins. Guaranteed Fountain Pens. Bibles. Stationery and many other things you needeeverything right. We are on THE conNEn-East Side of Sixth and cherry Streets .r'Lw. n A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. . An 'Oliver Typewritere- the standard visible writer - the $100 machine - the most highly perfected typewriter on the market-yours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a. matter of business history-yours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as ttThe Balance Shift --ttThe Ruling Devicetl-JtThe Double Releaseh-ttThe Locomotive Base -JtThe Automatic Spacert, - NThe Automatic Tabulatortl - tLThe Disappearing Indicator e ttThe Adjustable Paper Fingers -- ttThe Scientific Condensed Keyboard, ,-all Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a day. That is the plan in a nutshell. The result has been such a. deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority 0f inqmries A Quarter of a Million People is 31159439.?!ng 31-22? has come from people of known - - from the word go l .50 financial standing who are at- are Maklng Money Wlth 2:33 ggoguggttiaaghgtfigi: tracted by the novelty of the TB Prt class. Earn as you . . . . earn. Let the machme proposxtwn. An Impresswe pay the 17 cents a day- 6...;- demonstration of the immense wgeittif$v$ 2:? $1333 populanty of the Oliver Type- I work to be d o n e and . money to be made by us- wrlter. ing the Oliver. The busi- ness world is callin for e Typewrircr Oliver Operators. T ere f A gtartling confirmation ahre got ennciuzrightei suplply 0 our elief that the Era. of . ,t e Pman .. e rsa ar- Eglnigersal Typewriting is at lee Standard Ulstble Wrzter :gzagzgogzlgyzggsggvgg , . WOT 91's. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The simplicity and strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. It is becoming an important factor in the home training of young people. An educator as well as a money maker, Our new selling plan puts the Oliver 0n the threshold of every home in America. Will you close the door of your home or office on this remarkable Oliver opportunitf. Write for further details of our easy offer and a free copy of the new 0 iver catalog. Address THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. CHICAGO, ILL. Indiana State Normal School Terre. Haute, Indiana Supported by the State for the Education of Its Public School Teachers TUITION FREE Fifty Members of Faculty Well V Equipped Laboratories To Residents of Indiana. Courses in All Subjects Adapted to Teacherg Needs. Standard College or Ad- Library of vanced Course for Teachers 50 000 leading to the A. B. Degree. ' Volumes TRAINING SCHOOL FOR STUDY AND SPRING TERM PRACTICE OPENS a FRIDAY A Typical Country School APRIL 9 l t City School of Eight Grades 5 1910 $ Four Years High School For Catalogue: and Further Information apply to ; Wm. W. Parsons, President Terre Haute, Indiana Tho MmL-nun Pk. 00.. M Emu EBB ., . gaurmal ghhame Rebuttb tn the interests of EB: immana 5mm annual $tbnnll . metre 39am, Zinniana 1701mm jittcm $51113, 1910 .iiumbzr 5b: EPPERT 8e SON Are always to the front with the latest styles of An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE eCALL AND SEEa Oltllons Phone l4l6 t TERRE HAUTE. IND. WE RECOMMEND Dandro Scalp Massage The ideal food and tonic for the hair. The beat JamlruE cure on the mafket. 50c the bottle. We guarantee it. Tml size. 25c. BIG FOUR PHARMACY 7 6th and Big Four The Store with the Orange Front CRAFTS BOOK STORE No. 672 WABASH AVENUE School Books. Miscellaneous Books. Books for Presents. Cut Glass. Art China. Good Box Paper and .111 other items ulually found in Book store: YOU CAN BUY HERE AS CHEAP AS ANY PLACE IN THE CITY Hansen's, OAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue I . Headquarters for the best of everything pertaining to the F0 r H Igh .0 I ass DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES m mm MM 3W the City lAllNDRY CLEANING and DYEING WORK Solo Agency in Tene Haute for Gunther's Fine Chicago Candies 1 American German Trust Company G w YOUNGBLOOD' Age ? Normal Students are invited to make Hunter Laundering x nyemg co. their Deposits With this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERRE HApTE, mu. Slxth and Cherry Sts' E 4. -5 JN . .. - :4, l, .. . T. -...7 ;...:- '49 ,2, - ' - ; ' ' ..-.. m -V - .,. .-. - A . ' ' . THE NQRMAL ADVANCE VOLUME XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND.7 MARCH7 1910. , NUMBER 6. Psalmus 'De Vita Ne mihi, ne dicas lugubri carmine Vitam Vanae umbrae similem praeterea esse nihil Mortua sunt vere quaequae sunt dedita somno Nee sese omnia habent sic ut habere putes. Vita est verum aliquid! Res est perstrenua et acris! Nec vitae finem ferre potest tumulus. Terrena omnia sunt, ad terram tota redibuht- Non hoc de nostro dicere fas animo. Laetitiae causa nobis vitam atque doloris .' Donatam nolim; quod neque fata volunt. Verum ut quae facimus nos haec bene perficiamus, Quo sit quisque dies plenior ac melior. Artem nos longam breve tempus non sinit omnemr Discere quamquam animus fortis ad omne opus est. Maerenti gressu per vitam cogimur omnes Ad manes avidos; numquam erit huc reditus. In duro et longo vitae certamine nostrae, In pugna et castris, militibus similes Nec pecudes veluti, canibus custodibus actae, Pugnemus fortes ut decet lltpue Viri. .A...N.,... A Quamvis sint laetae, rebus ne crede futuris; Ad se secedant omnia praeterita; Tempore praesenti, praesenti tempore agamus Confisi nobis atque deis ducibus. Quod sumnii potuere Vivi, monet hoc quokue posse Nos, et res nostras tollere sideribus, Et cum vixerimus, vestigia linquere nostra Illa ubi posteritas longa Videre potest. frf :5: 71,.4 4 Illa ubi cognoscet fortasse miserrimus exsul, l Expers auxilio ac omnia perpetiens, ii. I Quem venti et fluctus agitant per litora vitae, Sperabit rursus restituetque animum. Acriter acturi nos semper progrediamur Quidquid fata dabunt ferre parati animo; Et dum ascendemus summa ad fastigia vitae Nobiscum Virtus et Patientia gint. -J.J.S. k, h; 4H33akii? 166 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Pottery . CARABELLE GREINER, t06, C. C., ,11 The most superficial study of pottery leads one to see the immensity of this subject. It may be viewed from the artistic, historical, ethno- graphical or purely technical standpoint. No matter the View point, it is safe to say no other art is so essentially human. In it one sees the personality of the artist. N or is pottery for the art side alone but it carries its art into the field of the common things in life. The potter en- nobles the useful into the artistic. Pottery re- flects the degree of civilization of a nation. Common clay, not a costly material, is skill- fully manipulated into a product which em- bodies the story of its age of civilization. The term, pottery, is applied to all objects made of clay and hardened by heat, glazed or unglazed as the case may be. From this pro- cess are obtained bricks, tiles, pipes, terra cotta, earthen and stone wares, and china dishes. Thus the term is elastic and covers a wider field than the original Greek term meaning ttclay vasei, or the Latin ttpotumjl meaning udrinking vessel? Pottery may be divided into four classes on bases of tn Differences in physical properties, that is Whether the body is Vitreous or open, permeable or impermeable, transparent or opaque, hard or soft, fine or course, thus divid- ing by physical properties only. These differ- ences are easily seen and lead an experienced chemist to determine quickly the mode of manufacture. Qi- Diiferences in form and use. This is a crude basis. t3i. Diii'erences in chemical composition of the body and glaze. This can be obtained only by analysis. GD. Dili'erences in the processes of manufacture. The last is not shown by physical or chemical . composition and in most cases the secret of composition or manufacture is the key to suc- cess. Pottery of greatest antiquity was found in Egypt. This was made from the plastic deposit of the overflow of the Nile and was in the shape of bricks. The Persians carried the mak- ing of earthenware to quite a degree of per- fection. China in its isolated state discovered the principle of ceramics. At the time of Americas discovery, the Mexicans in Central America were making terra cottas, so the manu- facture of pottery in some way is traceable to remote antiquity. To give the evolution of this art is to show the influence of chemistry. For through chemistry, leading to the knowledge of raw materials and their proper treatment, have the improved pottery products come. The essential material, clay, may be said to be all rocks or natural earth which after mix- ture with water form a plastic body, hardening under the influence of heat. This property is due to hydrosilicate of alumina which enters in different proportions. That combination of water, silica and alumina which plays an immense role in pottery manufacture is hy- drated bisilicate of alumina known as pure clay or kaolin. This is a decomposition of feldspar in granite. The chief source of this clay is in England. Very few clays can be used without correc- tion in order to increase or decrease stiffness, to gauge the fusibility or make it more or less refractory in the baking. The two physical properties of clay most de- sired' are plasticity which is obtained by mix- ing it with water and the hardening which is brought about under heat. If water is added to clay containing only the water of formation, the body becomes kneadable. It was noticed certain clays with the same chemical composi- tion diifered in plasticity. This was found to be because of the variation in the size of the grains of hydrated silicate of alumina, the plasticity becoming greater in proportion as the THE NORMAL ADVANCE 167 :T volume of the grains diminished. Oils increase plasticity. On the other hand, alcohol, ether and turpentine produce bodies with little of this quality. Clay is constantly tested to determine its suitability. Often lime is objectionable. Its presence is easily determined by pouring acid on a quantity. The effervescence formed prov- ing the presence of lime because With an acid it readily forms carbonic gas. The proportion of lime can be roughly estimated by the intensity of the reaction or exactly determined by a long, careful analysis. The texture of clay is tested by powdering the clay, suspending it in water with a strong agitation. Naturally, the coarser grains settle rapidly, then those less coarse until the finest part remains for some time in suspension. If a graduated test glass is used, the number of divisions are helpful in determining this point. Plasticity is best tested by the long known way of touch. Fusibility is tested to determine the behavior of the clay under increasing tem- perature, its porosity and shrinkage at differ- ent heats. We now turn to the preparation of raw ma- terials. At the time of extraction clays contain a certain quantity of water called iccoursing water? This evaporates in sufiiciently dry and warm climates. If it has become too dry, it is exposed to the rain. Disaggregation of clay is carried on by heat, effecting the quartz, feld- spar and often lime. Stampers are used for crushing hard materials. Various machines break up the clay, probably the granulator should be mentioned. It con- sists of an inclined plane at the bottom of Which is a beam provided With knives arranged spir- ally. The clay is placed in a tray beside the mechanism, is cut and pushed at the same time until it falls granulated. The raw material is then purified. This con- sists of sorting done by hand, Which enables the coarse impurities to be removed When they dif- fer sufficiently from the materials to be purified by color or form. Three siftings occur, tli 0f the dry, pulverue lent materials, done With screens 01' sieves; t2i sifting of liquid materials; Q90 sifting of pasty materials. This is done by compressing the clay into a box and forcing it out by openings of suitable dimensions While the coarser impur- ities remain within. Washing follows. This is to separate the heavier parts of clay and is done only for clay used in making porcelain, fine stone ware or terra cotta. The process is expensive and con- sists of plunging the clay in water. This is done in' general by putting quantities of clay in vats filled With water and agitating it by means of paddles moved by men. After this has been sufiiciently done, it is poured into settling tanks through an opening placed a little above the bottom of the vat, in front of Which is placed a grill which keeps back the grit. This operation is repeated until the deposit of grit has reached the grill, When it is removed by shovel and the vat cleaned. , After the plunging, the sand is removed by decreasing the liquid current of the mixture When the particles of sand are dropped. At the last, the liquid holding the clay is sent into a large settling tank Where by means of quiet the more solid parts settle. Now the clay is ready for iiformation? This term is applied to the Whole of the operation to which the plastic bodies are subjected in order to give them the shape of the articles to be manufactured. Of course the simplest method is by hand, used in the early times and even yet in the making of original models. Formation for manufacturing purposes is done by throwing, jollying or moulding. The former is simplest and is based upon the use of the Wheel, consequently being used only for round objects. Wheels are worked either by a thrower or an engine. The Wheel worked by man is the oldest machine used in ceramics. It consists of a horizontal revolving disc, worked by a treadle. The thrower takes a lump of clay, places it on the disc-head, sets the wheel in motion and With dampened fingers forces the mass to rise and fall several times, then gradu- ally helps it to the desired form. 168 THE NORMAL ADVANCE a The object is then sprayed. This appears simple but requires much practice and the regu- lation of the speed is a necessary thing for the body must not dry unequally. With cups, a revolving mould is used for the outside and the inside finished by hand. Articles may be shap- ed in moulds of plaster of Paris. After formation, the water of formation is removed by the process of drying. This is to harden the body sufficiently so it can be fired. Factories have a large revolving cage, which fills the drying room. Hot Winds play about the cage until the process is complete. Then glazing takes place. Glazes are vitreous coatings with Which the body may be covered to make it impermeable for decoration. The predominating element in glaze is silica, bora cic acid plays the same part. It makes a hard and brilliant glaze. The clay objects are dipped into a basin containing the liquid glaze. The Clay because of its porosity absorbs a quantity of moisture, a thin layer of glaze is on the sur- face. A11 dust must be first carefully removed. Often times a sprayer is placed at about a foot and a half from the object and so it is glazed. A well known china glaze consists of 24 parts borax, 20 parts calcic carbonate, 48 parts corn- ish stone, 4 parts potassic nitrate and 4 parts sand. Careful mixture and preparation is necessary. The chief danger is that of dis- parity between the glaze and the body called Grazing. Firing is probably the most diflicult process. It is to make the body permanent, give it re- sistance and vitrify the glazes by giving them the physical properties of glass. The amount of heat depends upon the chemical composition of the clay and glaze. It might seem impossible to know What is go- ing on in a tightly closed kiln. A skilled burner is a valuable asset to a pottery, as all previous labor may be in vain if anything goes wrong in the firing. The experience in firing is gradually acquired through close study. The temperature is gauged by using tttest- piecesi, placed conveniently for withdrawal thru a small opening. If during moulding an unequal pressure has been exerted, the defect shows more after firing. Too slow firing makes the ware too tender, 0n the other hand excessive heat distorts and even melts it. Cracks result if the object is too hastily cooled. Spots are caused from contact With sulphurous fumes. As before stated, the greatest problem is to keep from the disagreement between the con- traction of the body and that of the glaze. The chemical remedy is an increase in the amount of silica in the body, for it has a greater expansive power. Methods of pottery decoration are varied and numerous. Pottery owes its coloring to oxi- dized combinations and t0 the salts of one or more of the following combinations: iron, copper, chromium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, uranium, antimony, gold, platinum or iridium. These may be directly introduced into the body Which then becomes a ttcolored body? . This may remain glazed or not. Sometimes colored bodies are used to cover another body, in Which case they are called ttcolored slips? This remains glazed or is covered With a trans- parent one. In the latter case, a colored layer may be added, made adhesive by a so-called transparent glaze. This is called under-glaze coloring. Lastly, the color may be put on the surface of the transparent or opaque glaze. In this case it has been made With a Vitrifiable color. This is called over glaze coloring. If the coloring matter is put directly into the body or slip, it necessarily must be capable of resisting the same temperature as that of the body When burned. When it is placed under or mixed With the glaze, it must bear the same heat as that at Which the Clay vitrifies. Painting on underglaze colors is considered the most diHicult for the colors change When fired. The coloring pigments are used With an oily substance, usually turpentine. The finer decorations are by hand, but patterns may be applied when under glaze colors are used. The subject of pottery is one Which provokes much interest. To go into detail with its many varieties as Rookwood, Majolica, Royal Wor- cester, etc., shows one the steady advancement in manufacture due chiefij' t0 the closer rela- tionship With chemistry. THE NORMAL ADVANCE Translation of ttThe Wanderertt from the A'nglo-Saxon tPreserved in the Exeter MSJ By MARION ALICE HARBOUR, C. C., 10 The ttWanderer7i dates from the early part of the eighth century. It has been attributed to Cynewulf, but there is no proof Whatever that he wrote it. Irrespective of its author it is One of the most complete in form and feeling of the early lyrical expressions of the Anglo-Saxons. It consists, of a short introduction of seven lines ea lament of over a hundred lines, and an epilogue of five lines. The lament is an ade- quate expression of the grief that the primitive mind experiences When deprived of friends, home and kindred. The epilogue is evidently not the work of the lyric poet who composed the lament, but very likely of some later Chris- tian editor Who wished to offer the consolations of religion to him who had lost everything else. The Wanderer The wanderer oft looks for pity, For the mercy of the Lord, Though, wretched, through long ocean way, He stirs With hands the rime cold sea; And journeys oier the path of exile; F ate is full inexorable! Thus spoke thetraveler mindful of hardships, Slaughter of hostile, death of kin: ttOft, lonely at each dawn, I cry My care; of living thereis none, now, To Whom I plainly dare to tell My love of heart. I truly know That thereis in man a noble law, That he bind fast his heart, and hold His mind, think he as he Will; Nor can the sad mind withstand fate, Nor canothe fierce heart help but act: F or in his soul the haughty oft Binds fast his sorrow. 40ft times, wretched, From home severed, far from kinsmen, Thus I bind my heart With fetters, 0 Since in days of yore, earthis darkness Wrapped mylfriendly lord, and thence, Depressed, and full of care of years, I j ourneyed oier the mingling waves, I sought to share the sad halPs treasures, WhereI might find, far or near, Who would in mead-hall know my love, Would comfort me so friendless, Entertain so joyfully. He understands, Wholknows how grim Is sorrow as companion unto Him Who has few loved protectors: Path of exile guards him, Not atlall the twisted gold; The chill heart, not earthis riches. He remembers mead-hall heroes, Gifts receiving, how in youth, His friendly patron feasted him; All joy departed! For Who long Shall lack his loved lordis learning, knows That sleep and sorrow both together 0ft times bind poor wanderers. Then he imagines that he kisses And embraces his liege lord, . Lays hands and head upon his knees, As he at times in days of yore Enjoyed the throne; thelfriendless man Awakes, beholds dark waves before him, Sea-birds bathe, and spread their wings, Hoarfrost, and hail, and snow fall mingled. Heavy hearts are wounded, then,. For sweet one sad, and sorrowis new. Manis memory turns unto his kin, He greets them gayly, eagerly, Beholds the hero of the hall: They swim again upon the way. The spirits of the floating ones, Bring few known words; and careis renewed For those Who very often send . Their weary souls oier mingling waves; 169 170 THE NORMAL ADVANCE For through this world, I can not think The reason that my mindis not sadder, When I think on.all menis lives, How suddenly they, proud retainers, Leave the hall. Thus fail and perish Each of- all of this worldls days; Man canlt grow wise before he owns A share of years in this worldls kingdom. Wise man shouldlbe patient, Should not be too hot of heart, Too quick of speech, too weak in war, T00 heedless, nor too full offear7 T00 joyful, nor too avaricious, Never be of boast too eager, Ere he knoweth years. . A man should wait before he boasts, Until the haughty mind knows well Where. purpose of his heart will turn. The wise man sees how ghastly ltis, When all of this world,s wealth stands waste, How variously throughout this earth, Stand walls, storm beaten dwellings, blown Upon by wind, by hoarfrost covered, Wine-halls crumbled lords lie there. Deprived of joy; theIproud host sank Along the wall; some, war took forth Upon the way; and some, a bird Bore over the high seas; to some, The wolf so gray, dealt death; and then The sad faced earl hid some in graves. Manis Maker thus layswaste the world, Till ancient giants, works stand idle, Free from burgheris revelry. The wise one thinks of this foundation, Meditates on this darklife, 0ft, cold in heart, far back remembers Many slaughters, asks these words: cWhere went the horse? Where went the man? Where wentthe treasure giver? Whither went the seats of banquet? Where are now the joys of hall? Alas bright cup! Alas mailed knight! Alas renown of chiefs ! . Oh, how that time has gone, grown dark Beneath nightis coyer, as ,twere not ll And now high walls adorned With dragons Stand'in tracks of hosts beloved: The strength of. spears and weapons slaughter Took the men; the fate s0 glorious; Storms then beat upon the cliii's; And falling snow, the winterislterror, Binds the earth, then comes the dark, The shades of night grow dusk, the north Sends fierce hail-storms on men in malice. All is hardship in earthis kingdom, Fateis decrees change all ineath heaven. Here riches vanish, friends depart, Here man,d0th perish, kinsmen die; All earthls foundation groweth vain? So spoke the wise man in his mind, He sat apart in meditation. He is brave who keeps his faith; Should never show too quick his anger, Child of his own breast, unless He knows, before, the reparation, He the man with strength to act. It is well for him who seeks The comfort of the F ather in heaven Where we all in safety stand: He who first shortened the labor of Copyists by the device of Movable Types was disbanding hired Armies, and cashiering most Kings and Senates, and creating a whole new Democratic world: he had invented the Art of Printing. e-Oarlyle. l 1 THE NORMAL ADVANCE 171 The Chocolate Heart MARGARET LAHEY The chiidren were at breakfast when Mr. Huntington came down stairs. Trouble was brewing, but just what the nature of it was, Mr. Huntington could not tell. Elizabeth Ann was cutting her pancakes viciously, little Mary Ellen looked pained and hurt, and John Stuart was sulkily stirring his coifee. Mr. Huntington seated himself at the head of the table. ctWhatis the trouble, childrenW he asked, beaming at them. There was grim silence. At that moment Mrs. Huntington entered with a plate of fruit, and gave her husband a significant look. Eliza- beth Ann seemed to be on the point of explod- ing, and her father, in order to relieve the ten- sion, asked, tcWhat did you say was the matter, BettyW Elizabeth put down her fork with a click. ttWell, I think J ohn Huntington is the mean- est boy I know? she snapped. ttTut, tut? said Mr. Huntington, ttdontt be so rash, child. J ohn, What have you been doing to Cause your sister to say such things of youV a But Elizabeth Ann did not give him time to answer. 4tIt isnit what heis doing-itts what he isn,t doing. He isnt going to buy valentines with the money you gave us to buy valentines with; heis going to buy a ball hat! I think it,s mean and selfish of him, and if he isn,t.going to buy valentines he ought to give the money back W ttElizabethQ, broke in Mrs. Huntington, iirm- ly but gently, gyou must not speak so harshly. That is no way for children to speak to each otherW ttWell;7 retorted Elizabeth, ttI know a girl at school winds going to give him a pretty one, and she7ll be awfully disappointed when she doesn,t get oneW ttJohnf said Mr. Huntington, uwhat have you to say in self-defense'w J ohn reddened and hesitated. tcI think valentines are silly things, and that itis wasting money to buy them. They,re all right for girls, but Pd rather have a ball bat? ttHave you bought your valentines yet, Mary Elleniw asked Mrs. Huntington, trying to turn the conversation into smoother channels. She believed in letting the children settle their own differences, and they usually did so. Mary Ellen lifted her brown eyes, and brushed back her thick yellow curls. ttYestmf she said softly. ttAnd did you get one for your sweetheartW asked her father teasingly. Mary Ellen blushed painfully. tTd rather not tellf she murmured. Mr. Huntington laughed heartily. At that moment J immie Willows called for J ohn to go to school. John was only too glad to escape. When the little girls had finished their break- fast, they started off for school. Tender-hearted Mary Ellen was for giving J ohn the valentines they had got for him, in spite of his actions. But Elizabeth had determined to give hers to a certain new boy who had entered school dur- ing the past week, and she at last prevailed upon her sister to do the same. When they ar- rived at school, Elizabeth went straight to Anna Louise and told her of J ohn,s treachery. Before the bell had rung the two had succeeded in entirely boycotting J ohn. That noon, at lunch, the girls had any num- ber of pretty valentines to show. John was silent. ' t4Where are yours, J ohn W asked his father. ttDidntt get any? answered J ohn quietly, looking hard at Elizabeth Ann. Two big tears came into Mary Ellen,s soft brown eyes, and even the relentless Elizabeth Ann began to feel uncomfortable. No one en- joyed lunch, and J ohn, leaving his dessert half 172 finished tan unprecedented happeningi went up to his room and shut the door. Mary Ellen wiped her tears on her pinafore, and stealing over to Elizabeth Ann, whispered something in her ear. The two stole into the library and tak- ing down the bank from the mantle, shook out a quarter. Five minutes later two pairs of fat legs Were iiying down the street. In short time two little figures emerged from the store, hurried back and stole softly up the stairs. They opened the door and shoved in a rather large package. THE NORMAL ADVANCE J ohn opened it. It was a wonderful and bean- tiful chocolate heart. He ran to the head of the stairs in time to see two giggling little girls al- most rolling over each other in their flight. ttI say, girls? he shouted, ttcome back here a minute P, He disappeared into his room and they came slowly back. He returned and sheepishly handed them each a package. ttI didn,t intend to buy a ball bat at ally he explained, ttI just said that so you wouldnlt know who sent you these valentines? The Book of Job MARY FUNICAN, '10 It was one of our own poets who said: itWe search the world for the truth, we cull The good, the pure, the beautiful From graven stone and written scroll From all the 01d flower-Iields 0f the soul; And weary seekers of the best, ' We come back laden from our quest, To find that all the sages said; Is in the Book our mothers ready The Bible is indeed the store-house for much that is itgood, pure, and ibeautifulf, and there is probably no book in the Old Testament that contains more of itthe wisdom of the sagesll , than does the book of J 0b. The oldest translation of the book that is ex- tant is the Greek version known as the Septu- agint, dating probably from the second century before Christ. - The most remarkable feature of it as distinguished from the Hebrew text is its brevity. Some seven or eight hundred verses are wanting in this translation. The earliest of the Latin versions, iiThe Old Latin? was made from the unrevised Septuagint, but J erome later formed a new translation from the original Hebrew text. The good saint has left us an interesting account of his work. He says that he found the book excessively difficult, that for him ctJobh was slippery as an eel. He even hired a J ewish teacher from Lydda to go over it with him, yet Jerome sadly confesses that after this reading, he was no wiser than he was before. The saintis work was quite successful, however, and it is his work which is now found substantially in the Vulgate. Bible critics have busied and amused them- selves for centuries with long arguments as to whether 01' not the book of J ob is a literal his- tory. VDr. Driver in his ttIntroduction t0 the Literature of the Old Testament? says, ttIt is impossible to determine what elements in the book belong to tradition? Yet he adds, ttIt is probable that tradition told at least as much as that Job or some man of great piety was burdened with unparalleled misfortunes; that he refused the consolations of his friends, and yet never discarded his faith in God, and that he was finally restored to his property. Gladden in his ttSeven Puzzling Books? otters a rather original solution of the problem of the literalness of ttJobY, He says that it is high time for us to admit that the collection of books which we call the Bible contains a great many kinds of literature, history, law, phil- osophy, poetry, essays, sermons, stories, and that we must apply to each rules appropriate for the judgment of the class of writings to which it clearly belongs. He insists upon the w ,nugerx Mn THE NORMAL ADVANCE ' 173 necessity of getting the point of View of the writer, and of understanding the purpose he has in view, and the method by which he Seeks to obtain this purpose. Some authorities state that the name J ob comes from a word, the root of which means tithe one persecuted? while others believe it to come from a word signifying, tithe penitent one? Various details in the ttBook of Jobli lend 'color to the belief that it was written in the time of the patriarchs, but the rather advanced social state and language of the account seem sufficient to give critics the right to say that it was written at about the time of the Bablylon- . ian captivity. The author of ttJobli is unknown. It is a rather remarkable fact that but one name has ever been mentioned in this connection. J ewish tradition assigns ttJobi, to Moses, but there are many good reasons for believing that he did not write the book. Gladden says that it is even more absurd than the theory that Bacon wrote the plays of Shapespeare. The ttBook of Job,, falls into five divisions; the prologue, which gives the general setting of the book; the colloquies of J 0b and his friends, the main part of the account; the intervention of Elihu, the address of God from the whirl- wind; and finally, the'conclusion or epilogue. The introduction or prologue is remarkable in that it contains an account of a celestial coun- cil. Satan is to tempt Job, tithe just? only sparing his life. It is With the secOnd division of the book, the poetic colloquies, that the real discussion of the author,s problem takes place. It is also a fine opportimity for character study. First con- sider the friends. While one Bible critic has drawn some fine distinctiOns in the study of the lives of Eliphaz, Bildadt and Zophar, yet practically they are men of the same type. We feel that we can use their names interchange- ably as we do those of Rosencrantz and Guild- enstern in Shapespearek ttHamletR, It is owing to what they represent and not their own worth that Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar play such an important part in the book of Job. For the author does not individualize his characters as Shakespeare does with a number of significant details, but rather makes them types of the average men of the race at that time. Then, the Eastern philosophy is refiected in the book. To the follower of Brahma God was the tiirresponsible Allaht with all power above and below. In their eyes, man was nothing, a mere worm 0f the dust, an atom at the mercy of an omnipotent, mysterious person, whose ways were wholly unknown. So Bildad says: ctFor we are but of yesterday and know nothing be- cause our days upon earth are a shadow? and again, ttBehold even to the moon, and it shineth not, yea the stars are not 'pure in his sight. How much less man, 'that is a worm, and the son of man, which is a worm'w Gardiner says that the best condensed state- ment of the habit of mind which lies behind these menis life is found in a letter of a Turkish Cadi to a friend of the explorer 0f Nineveh. The following lines are suggestive: ctListen, O my son! There is no wisdom equal unto the be- lief in God. He created the world, and shall we liken ourselves unto him in seeking the mysteries of his creation? Shall we say, be- hold this star spinneth round that star, and this other star with a tail goeth and cometh in so many years! Let it go! He from whose hand it came will guide and direct it? The same spirit is lingering today in Fitz- geraldis rendering of Khayyamis giRubaiyatW ciWe are noother than a moving show Of magic shadow-shapes that come and go. The Ball no question makes of Ayes and Noes, But Here or there, as strikes the Player, goes; And He that tossed you down into the Field, He knows about itall-He knoWseHe knows? A similar sentiment is voiced in another modern poem beginning: 174 ttLife is a game of chance, from unseen sources, The cards are shufiied, the hands are dealt?7 On the other side of the controversy stands Job, the most important character in the series of poems. He is more individualized than his friends. Gardiner says, however, that J 0b is in a sense the embodiment of the suiferings of Israel. Yet, J ob is different from the three friends that surround him. Here is a man who is liv- ing at the same time with Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar, who is also a representative of the life of his age, but who is a representative of the life of a different nature from that Which the other men re-echo. Probably J ob, too, has pass- ed through the childish humble stage of utter subjection to the majesty and authority of God. He, too, has felt the dependence of man upon his Maker, yet he has risen above ttthe level of the common crowdii and from a somewhat higher plane has begun to feel that after all man has a significance in the eyes of God, that he has rights,. privileges, and duties. With him, the hopelessness and submission of the Eastern philosophy begins to yield to the asser- tion of manis individuality or the spirit of the West. Thus he says, ttSurely I would speak to the Almighty, and I desire to reason with God? Then addressing the friends he says, ttHear now my reasoning and harken to the pleadings of my lips? His use of the word reasoning i's significant here. When the friends in their perfunctory, cold way attempt to explain Jobis condition, the latter is not satisfied or consoled, but continues to assert his own views and an expression of lamentation. The spirit of inquiry has super- seded the spirit of passive subjection. In this frame of mind, he questions God, ttIs it good unto thee that thou shouldst despise the work of thine hand, and shine upon the counsel of the wicked? Remember, I beseech thee,'that thou hast made me as the clay; and wilt thou bring me into dust againW With him God is not the ftirresponsible Allah? and man not the ttmere worm of the THE NORMAL ADVANCE dus P Is it too much to say that with Job begins the growth of a sentiment which found its expression centuries after with the pod; who said: ttThat nothing walks With aimless feet; That not one life will be destroyed, Or cast as rubbish to the void, When God hath made the pile complete? As the name of the part signifies, the inter-' vention of Elihu is concerned With the remarks of Elihu. He is angry at Job because as he says he has attempted to justify himself rather than God. He is also angry with the friends because they had found ttno answerii yet had condemned J ob. He has some veiws similar to those of his friends. The fourth part is quite forcible, as in it God answers J ob out of the whirlwind. This really states the solution of the authoris problem, as far as a solution is possible. Then, follows the fifth and last part. In this, J ob is restored to his property and friends, and lives to a ripe old age. In mentioning the parts of the book of J ob, the unity of the parts into one larger whole may be considered. The structure of the book is of the loosest. The prose prologue and epilogue have a very slight connection with the poems which form the remainder of the book. The three men seem not to know the specific cause of the sufferings which have brought Job to sorrow. Then again, the author does not appear to be consistent in that he introduces Satan in the prologue and ignores him in the epilogue. In the colloquies there seems to be a great deal of repetition, as the different arguments in the diiferent speeches seem to start and to end at points not far distant. At one point J ob seems to be influenced by his friend for a very short time, while chapter twenty-eight contains a poem in praise of wisdom which seems more appropriate for the books of Proverbs than for ttJobW The speeches of Elihu appear rather disappointing as we feel that in-them the force of the main account is lessened. The long de- a-..vr vuty THE scriptions of behemoth and leviathan in the latter part of the book seemed too much in de- tail to harmonize with the remainder. Yet we must remember that we are dealing with He- brew thought and not twentieth century Eng- lish. When the language or style is studied we must again refer to the psychology underlying the expression. We reason by analysis and abstraction; the Hebrew made his infiuences from the actual happenings of his lifetime. As a man today might take his place on one of the crowded thoroughfares of a city and watch her throngs go by, studying them all the While, yet merely as they appear, so the Hebrew wrote of life. This concreteness of thought resulted in a cor- responding concreteness of expression. There are more abstract words on one page of Pil- grimis Progress than in the whole of itJobW The emotional tone of gtJobti must also be considered. As the suffering of your neighbor, the sports of your children, or the death of your brother affects you more than itThe Theory of the Emotions? so again as the Hebrew rea- soned from actual observation, he could not fail to gain the impression of the feeling as manifested in the outward event. For there is no make-believe in ttJonl it is real feeling which is depicted. An example from a speech of Eliphaz illustrates at once the concreteness and emotional tone of the production: itFear came upon me, and trembling, which made all my bones to shake. Then a spirit passed before my face; the hair of my flesh stood up; an image was before my eyes, there was silence and I heard a voice saying, iShall mortal man be more just than God? i, In considering merely the poetic portions of itJobX, one distinguishing mark is the music of the poetry. The poetry throbs with the feeling of the man or men who wrote it. There is a sonorousness of tone which expresses reverence and earnestness. Some of this has crept in from the Latin translations. The principle of parallel structure in Hebrew poetry furthers this eifect. The line was the NORMAL ADVANCE 175 unit, and the second line balanced the first, com- pleting or supplementing its meaning. What- ever the variety of the form, the uniform ele- ment in the poetry is the balance of lines of about equal length. The Bible students7 how- ever, who made our translations did not try to arrange the lines in a diiferent way from the prose 0f the rest of the book. The result of this is in giJobii a unique style of writing, neither regular prose or regular poetry. Yet it has the balance and regularity of poetry and also the freedom and naturalness of prose. But what is the real problem of the author of ttJob'Pi Why does he bring Job in direct contact with Eliphaz, Bildad and Zophar? For what purpose is the long argument? What is the effect of the concrete, emotional, musical style of the book? What is the significance of the Mighty Voice from the whirlwind? The one great problem of iiJobb is the origin of suffering and the doctrine of retribution. What a world-wide and time worn problem this is I It owes its origin to a literal interpretation of the doctrines of Deuteronomy. The old law was definite. iiThou shalt not killl, and ttThou shalt not steaP, and other mandates prove this. There were also definite rewards and punish- ments prescribed for obedience 0r disobedience, as tiwalk in the ways which the Lord your God hath commanded you that ye may live? or ttIf thou do at all forget the Lord thy God, ye shall surely die? It is natural then that a problem of this nature should present itself to the chil- dren of Israel, the problem of retribution. It seems to have been a cardinal point in the old Jewish era that suifering implied sin 0n the part of the sufferer. This is the truly orthodox view of J obis friends and the core of the argu- ment which they persistently produce. J 0b meets the reproaches of his friends in his own characteristic way. He continually pro- tests that he has not sinned and constantly sets forth his helplessness in the hands of his Creator. He has observed his associates and he has found that all of the wicked are not cursed with calamities, and that all of the righteous are not loaded with blessings. The nation 176 THE NORMAL ADVANCE w itself, although faithful to God, has been oppressed by heathen men. This leads Job to question the accepted doctrine of the race, al- though he trembles at his presumption. He re- proaches God in a friendly yet reverent way and desires to know why he is so afflicted. Then death appeals to him and although he thinks of death as the end of all things, usually, once he gives the significant question, ttIf a man dies shall he live again'W Gods power he always acknowledges, but his justice he openly chal- lenges. The final solution of the problem is in the answer of the Lord 'in the whirlwind. This is a statement of the impotence 'of man. The opening words are suggestive, ttWhere was thou when I laid the foundation of the earth? The enumeration of Gods wonders SOJmpresses J 0b that he is overwhelmed and declares in the dust: ttI have heard of Thee by the hearing of the ear, but now mine eye seeth Thee. Where- fore I abhor myself and repent in dust and ashes? While the whole truth about the cause of suf- fering has not been ascertained, yet it is made manifest that suffering is not necessarily the result of sin, that the just do' not always meet with temporal rewards on earth, while the wicked sometimes prosper. Then the great truth is brought to mind that the universe is too vast for a mortal to criticise; that they ways of its Ruler are past manis understanding, and that the fear of the Lord is the beginning and . end of wisdom. It is the force With which the author of the book of J 0b has brought home to us today the pressing and crucial nature of the problem, and the contrast he draws between the Weakness of man and the purposes of God that give the book its great power. For after all, we are not so diii'erent from the Hebrews. Emotion is by far a more powerful factor in our lives than rea- soning. Although we have built around our- selves a great labyrinth of scientific abstrac- tions, behind all this there is a point to which science can not go, which in the end leaves the universe unexplained. Once more, music in the poetry still appeals to the imaginative life of the twentieth century with all the sublimity which it ever possessed in the time of J ob. Possibly, no better criticism of the book of Job from a modern view-point can be found than in the words of Carlyle. ttThere is noth- ing written, in the Bible or out of it, of equal literary merit. A noble book, all menis book! It is out Iirst, oldest statement of the never end- ing problememants destiny and Godis ways with him here on earth, and all in such free, flowing outlines; grand in its sincerity, in its simplicity, and its epic melody. There is the seeing eye, the mildly understanding heart. So true every way, true eyesight and vision for all things. Such living likenesses were never since drawn. Sublime sorrow, sublime reconcilia- tion; oldest choral melody as of the heart of mankind, so soft and great; as the summer mid- night, as the world with its seas and starsy' , A fool wants to shorten space and time; a wise man wants to lengthen both. A fool wants to kill space and time; a wise inan, first to gain them, then to animate them. mRuskin. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 177 Translations from Martial . I, 33. When all alone she does not weep, But let her friends come nigh And Gellia mourns With fioods of tears Till theyire gone safely by. He who parades his feelings Does not sincerely grieve; He only does it for eii'ect, Like Gellia, makes believe. Therm Wekr. Gellia mourns the dead, Not When she is alone, But when some strangeris eye may know, Her tears that wait her will to flow Are copiously shed. V But Gellia, true sorrow Must be the mourneris own; Real grief wants not some stranger by, Nor ever praise from watchful eye Would seek to borrow. i Helen Connor. I, 47 Diaulus was once a medical man, But in that job he didnit remain; An undertaker he chose to be: His dutyis the same and so,s his fee. Ruth Anna King. He,s now an undertaker, not a doctor any more; His trade,s the same: he puts iem underground just as before. Helen Connor. I, 16 Some books are good, Some books are fair, And some are merely rubbish. Tiwas ever thus And ever will be, While there are books to publish. Therm Wehr. II, 11 See how gloomy and sad is Seliusi face, How he walks the street With nervous pace, How his nose is almost scraping the ground; Yet his Wife is well, his investments sound, He mourns not the death of friend or kin, His slaves and stewards have committed no sin, Then why does he grieve and pace about? Alas, hes not been invited out. H elen Boss. tiCan you, Rufus, tell me Why Selius seems about to cry? Why he wanders to and fro With his poor nose drooping 10W, While his hand now strikes his chest, Now madly to his brow is pressed'w ttFriend and brother are still his own; Nor Wife nor slave has caused a groan; Sigh not for him, friend of mine, Though great his grief at home to dine? Laura M. Moore. I, 10. Gemellus wants Maronilli as his Wife, He courts her, he begs her, he,d give her his life, ' She,s pretty then? Her charm is entrancing? Oh no, I guess not, yet hes not far off, For she has money and an awful cough. H elen Boss. Gemellus wants Maronilla to say she,ll marry him, He covets, urges, begs her, he heeds her every whim. Is she then so comely? Why sheis uglier than sin! What pleases him about her, Why does he want her then '2' She has one foot well in the grave and be enough of craft To see that in her graveyard cough he has the chance of graft. Helen Oonnor. 178 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Gemellus for wife Maronilla sought, , And wooing her, fine presents brought. Was she so fair? None was more loathsome, none. Then why so loved? She had the consumption, son. Helen Wright. Gemellus would wed Maronilla, the maid. He urges, he prays, he will not be gainsaid. 4tIs she beautiful thenW You make a man laugh. ttThen what are her charms'P, She has wealth and a cough. Laura M. Moore. I, 32 I love you not, Sabidius, but why I cannot say; I only know, Sabidius, love doesnlt run that way. Helen 007mm . I, 9. A ladies, man you seem to me, L But though a ladies, man you be, It-amounts to little, donlt you see? Ruth Anna King. I, 43. Mancinus bade us dine with him, six hundred yes, or more, Then placed before us nothing but a single puny boar, N or were we served With any grapes from late falPs Vintage hoard, 7 w i No apples sweet as honeycomb were placed upon the board, Nor pears that on the broom plant rope had ripened in the sun, ' N or pomegranates sweet and red as roses, no, not one, Nor did Sassinais country send us cones of creamy cheese, Nor Picenumls land her oliveseno such lux- uries as these. The bill of fare was just a boar, just a boar and nothing more, When we thought weld finiShed boar, for des- sert we got more boar. And it was a skinny, little thing, so sickly and so small . That an unarmed dwarf could kill itebut alas! this is not all. It was a funny banquet, just looking at the beast, ' It was the substitution of an eye for stomach feast. The circus serves us just as well, it caters to our sight t In even better shape than you, Mancinus, stingy Wight. ' For such a frost as you worked off I hope youlll get your due, . That you never may eat boar yourself, but have a boar eat you. IIcZen Connor. How much lies in Laughter: the cipher-key, wherewith we decipher the whole man! Some men wear an everlasting barren simper; in the smile of others lies a cold glitter as of ice: the fewest are able to laugh What can be called laughing, but only sniif and titter and snigger from the throat outward; or at best, produce some whining husky cachinnation, as if they were laughing through wool: of none such comes good. The man who cannot laugh is only fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils; but his whole life is already a treason and a stratagem. -0a7-Zyle. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 179 Fixation of Nitrogen WM. E. EDINGTON, C. C., i09 Throughout the history of humanity one of the most noticeable characteristics is the method in which great problems are taken up and set- tled. Long before the world as a whole has become aware of an impending crisis or need, the greater thinkers of previous and contem- porary ages have foreseen the imminent train of events and have set about to meet the emer- gency; and long before the crisis is met and a need is felt, the solution has been worked out by these greater minds and the world as a whole with its countless millions moves along serenely, scarcely realizing and not appreciating the great problems which have been met and solved in their behalf. When quicker service became necessary between continents, the steamship was the solution; When rivers were to be safely crossed, the great engineers were appealed to; and now When any great danger to human wel- fare is ,foreseen, the scientists set about to re- move it. And humanity moves on never realiz- ing the great chasms of danger which they have safely crossed over on the bridges of science and engineering. One of the great problems of today, with which scientists are grappling, is the food supply, not for the present generation, but for the generations to come. Heretofore the prob- lem has been met by physical means in several ways, the opening of new agricultural lands, ir- rigation, and intensive farming. When the population of a country in former years became too great for the food supply, an exodus of the population followed to foreign lands, where it could secure its food by simply taking and crudely cultivating the lands. The opening of the.new world settled the food problem for Europe for several centuries. But as the new world became fully settled new methods were adopted. Waste lands were drained in some cases where necessary, and irrigated in others. This opened new agricultural lands. Older na- tions with greater and denser populations not having this means at hand, began to take the first steps toward scientific or intensive farm- ing. By intensive farming land could be made to produce two or three times as much as form- erly. Yet the great problem was not solved; it was only temporarily checked. In this day nearly all tillable land in the world has been seized upon. Of course much is ' waste land, either under water and without suf- ficient water, yet the fact that there may still be some hope in this, is met from the other sitie by the fact that much land which was formerly tillable is no longer so. Intensive farming soon wears the land out and it becomes useless until given a rest and time to take on new life, and this now untillable land will soon offset any future tillable land in the world. The fact that there is a limit to tillable land in the world, which limit has now almost been reached, removes all hope of solution from that source. But one hope remains, intensive farm- ing7 which will be most scientific and sensible. It has been discovered by scientists that the soil contains certain elements in compound, which are necessary for plant life, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and that unless the plants which have used these elements from the soil are allowed to decompose 0n the soil in which they grew that soil will in time loseall these elements and hence will not sustain plant life. The problem has been partially met by the use of fertilizers, by rotation of crops, by growing certain grains and plants on depleted soil, and by modern methods of cultivation and harvest- ing. And almost the whole salvation of human- ity, as it increases in numbers, demanding more and more food, from the same limited and wearing soil, tending to be less productive, lies in the scientific solution of farming where it M 180 THE NORMAL ADVANCE may be carried on intensively and yet prevent the soil from losing any of its original vigor. And the one method of making the soil retain its original vigor is to use a fertilizer, which Will give to the soil, as much as it loses, thus making the soil capable of the highest produc- tiveness under the most intensive farming at all times. Now let us look at the problem as it is today, and see the methods employed to meet it. Let us study wheat as an example. The total pos- sible acreage for wheat in the world is not much more than two hundred forty millions of acres, and the present average yield per acre is twelve and one-half bushels, which would fur- nish an annual yield of 3000 million bushels, and as each consumer of Wheat eats on the aver- age four and one-half bushels per year, twhich includes the seed necessary to produce this amounty, this total acreage will furnish wheat to six hundred sixty-six million people.1 According to computations made by Sir William Crookes in 1898, the number of bread- eaters rose from 371,000,000 in 1871, to 472,- 000,000 in 1891. In 1911 it is estimated that the number will be 603,700,000; in 1921, 671,000,- 000; in 1931, 746,000,000; in 1941, 819,000,000, and in 1951, 893,000,000.1 So we see the popu- lation in 1951 will be far greater than can be fed by the present production of wheat.1 What can be done in the way of production by intensive farming is shown by the followmg figures. In the United States, India, South Australia and Algeria where agriculture is carried on either very wastefully and carelessly, or crudely, the yield averages between nine and twelve bushels per acre. In Canada the yield averages fifteen and one-half bushels per acre; Austra, sixteen; Hungary, eighteen .and one- half; Germany twenty-three; Norway, twenty- five; New Zealand, twenty-five and one-half; Great Britian and Ireland, twenty-nine; and Denmark, where intensive farming has reached its highest efIiciency, 41.8 bushels per acre. The average yield of the world, however, is only about twelve and one-half bushels per acre.2 As was said before, to make intensive farm- ing a success, one of the essential factors is a fertilizer. So far the world has depended upon waste products, manures, and certain natural deposits of compounds, which make excellent fertilizers. The chief is the Chilean saltpeter or guano. One and one-half millions of this fertilizer are exported each year. But the sup- ply at this rate of consumption, will be used up within fifty years, so it is estimated. And within fifty years, with the great increase in population of breadeaters, it will be necessary that the average yield of wheat per acre, be at least twenty bushels, which will require a greater amount of fertilizer annually than is now used. Now one of the essentials of plant life is nitrogen. And a good fertilizer must contain this nitrogen, not as pure nitrogen, but in a compound, for very few plants can use the nitrogen in the free state. If they could the problem would be solved at once, for 79 per cent of the air is nitrogen and this would serve as the supply. But the nitrogen of the air is of little use to plants for they cannot use it as it is in the air. Hence as the soil gives up its nitrogenous compounds to nourish plant-life, the available supply must necessarily decrease. Hem, however, was the problem for the scientist to solve. With the great abundance of free nitrogen in the air, could not the scientist find some means of cbmbining it in such a way as to make it available as a plant-food. But if he was able to do so, he must do it by some method which would be both practicable and economical.. The question was first brought out promin- ently by Sir William Crookes, in 1898, and im- mediately, chemists all over the world turned their attention to the problem, the fixation of nitrogen. Their interest being aroused, they sought out the possibilities of former discov- eries. A century and a quarter ago, Priestley, 1775, published his great paper, in which he showed that when a series of sparks passed through air, the air became acid. Shortly after, 1776, this was substantiated by Cavendish. Priestly attributed the acidity to the formation THE NORMAL ADVANCE 181 0f carbon-dioxide, CO2, but Cavendish showed it to be due to the formation of nitric and ni- trous acids. Here might be the secret. With the great water power of Niagara Falls, and other great waterways, could not electricity be, collec- ed cheaply enough, and this would furnish the sparking equipment. Now the problem was to unite this nitrogen obtained by electricity, with some cheap, commercial base.3 Of course only pure nitrogen must be used. This is obtained in several ways. One way, which was later abandoned on account of its expensiveness, was to pass air over heated copper. The oxygen combines With the copper, making copper oxide and the almost pure nitrogen passes off. The second process was to send air directly into the sparking furnaces and allow the electricity to act upon the nitrogen, of its own accord. The third and best method, known as the Linde method, is to liquefy air and then pass the nitrogen off pure by fractional distillation. This could be done for the boiling points of nitrogen and oxygen are diii'erent. These are the processes for getting pure nitrogen. Now the next problem for the chemist was to get something with which the nitrogen would combine, and which could be made very cheaply. It was found that when Baruim car- bide was heated to 10000 C in an atmosphere of nitrogen, that it was converted into a mixture of barium cyanide and barium cyanamide; cal- cium carbide on the other hand, under the same conditions, gives only calcium cyanamide, which contains in the raw state as much as 20 per cent of nitrogen. This was found to be as good as ammonium sulphate as a fertilizer. In contact with moist earth'and carbon dioxide, it is converted by the help of certain bacteria into calcium carbonate and cyanamide, which then probably passes into urea, ammonia, and finally nitric acid. In the absence of the bac- teria, the results were the same, only very much more slowly.4 With this in mind, several separate processes and attempts were made by scientists and capitalists in diiferent countries. We shall now discuss these processes and the likelihood of their success. Dr. Erlwein mixed nitrogen into a compound of powdered charcoal and lime in an electric furnace. The product of this combination was a black substance containing besides the char- coal and lime, 10 to 15 per cent of nitrogen in perfect condition to be used as a fertilizer. This is known in commerce as calcium cyanamide. It appears that this nitrate acts upon plants quite as effectively as that contained in a pro- portionate quantity of potassum nitrate, or rodium nitrate tChile saltpetrei. However, at this time it is not known Whether it can be made on large enough scale by this process.5 Here follows a description of almost the same process. In Norway, Birkeland and Eyde have attached the problem in a different way, and apparently with such success that their plant at Natodden, started in May, 1905, may be destined to endure. The high tension arc in this Norwegian process is produced between water-cooled electrodes of copper tubing, which electrodes are held in the middle of an electro- magnetic field and are connected with a high tension alternator. With a working potential of 5000 volts and an alternating current of 50 periods per second, disc flames are produced, which are inclosed in furnaces. By means of blowers, 2,649 cubic feet of air are gently forced through each furnace every minute, which amount of air after leaving the furnaces is charged with about 1 per cent of nitric oxide. The temperature of the air is reduced from 12920 F to 1220 F by sending it iirst through a steam boiler, tthe steam from which is used in making calcium nitratei and then through a special cooler. After converting the nitric oxide into nitrogen peroxide, nitric acid is formed by sending the gases through towers filled with broken quartz over which water 'trickles. The solution is conveyed to tanks con- taining limestone, with which it reacts and pro- duces neutral calcium nitrate. After evapora- tion, concentration and solidification, the nit- rate is obtained in the marketable form. It is stated that by this process calcium nitrate con- taining 13.2 per cent of nitrogen can be pro- duced at a cost of $20 per ton and sold for $40.6 182 THE NORMAL.ADVANCE It is said that the Norwegian product can be delivered at Christiana and Hamburg at half of the cost of Chilean saltpeter. Two scientists, Drs. Frank and Cara, have a special process and a factory has been estab- lished in Italy which uses their process, produc- ing as much as 13,000 pounds of the fertilizer daily. A discussion of their process follows: It was learned that calcium carbide, when raised to a temperature of 10000 C fixes nitro- gen directly without the aid of any alkalies, and furthermore it could be done economically. Its result is calcium cyanamide, Ca 0N2. It was further proved that this new product when united with water under high pressure, changes into ammonia, Ca CN2+HzOZCaCO+2NHs At the plant at Piano diOrte in Italy, the cal- cium carbide is produced on the spot by a compete set of equipment of electrical furnaces. The Linde method is used. The separation of nitrogen and oxygen in the air is obtained by means of the liquefaction of air and fractional distillation, the boiling points of nitrogen and oxygen being diHerent. After the carbide is made, it is ground to a very fine powder by special machinery, and placed in iron retorts. It is heated until it fuses, 8000 to 10000 C. At the same time powerful pumps blow over it a continuous stream of nitrogen made above by distillation. After a couple of hours calcium cyanamide, Ca 0N2, is made ready for use. Ca CN2 as obtained from the retort, has the ap- - pearanee of a dark mass, composed of extremely fine crystals and free carbon. It also contains a small iquantity of calcium carbide that has not been transformed. Therefore, after grind- ing the product very iiinely, it is necessary to expose it to the air for a few days that the small quantity of water vapor in the air may remove the small quantity of calcium carbide' still remaining. This CaCNn contains from 14 per cent to 24 per cent of nitrogen, 40 per cent to 42 per cent of calcium, and 17 per cent to 18 per cent of carbon.8 This fertilizer is used as follows: On a hectare there is spread out 8 to 14 days before sowing 150 to 300 kilograms of lime nitrogen, tCaCan according to the condition of the ground being mixed with about a donble quantity of dry soil, 'and is plowed immediately into the ground to 3 to 5 inches depth.9 Thus we see the various processes, yet the ultimate success of these attempts cannot as yet be predicted. A factory was established at Niagara Falls in this country, but for some reason closed down after eighteen months. The great question with these products is whether the processes can be made to produCe enough of the fertilizer. There is very little doubt about being capable of producing fertilizers, however, which will stand the test with any of the natural fertilizers. That- the fertilizer is evidently the secret for the future food supply is substantiated by this quotation from Sir William Crookes: tiThe action of nitrate of soda in improving the yield of wheat has been studied practically by Sir J ohn Lawes and Sir Henry Gilbert on their ex- periment field at Rothamstead. This Iield was sown with wheat for thirteen consecutive years without manure, and yielded an average of 11.9 bushels per acre. For the next thirteen years it was sown with wheat and dressed with 500 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre, other min- eral constituents also being present. The aver- age yield for these years was 36.4 bushels per acre, an increase of 24.5 bushels. In other words 22.86 pounds of nitrate of soda produced an increase of one bushelfl It is estimated that in order to increase the production of Wheat from twelve and one-half to twenty bushels per acre Will require 150 pounds of nitrate of soda annually per acre.10 in Harpeer Weekly, V01. 51, p 874. 421 Harpefs Weekly, Vol. 51, p 874-6. t34 Nature, Vol. 74, p. 444. 441 Scientific American, Vol. 95, p. 347. 151 Science, Vol. 19. p. 197. 461 Scientific American, V01. 95, p. 243. t81 Scientific American, V01. 97, p. 256. 491 Scientific American, Vol. 92, p. 483. t101 Nature, Vol. 74, p. 444. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 183 The Normal Advance DEVDTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR Editor-in-Chief WALDO F. MITCHELL ............. . i Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN . . ............ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ...... . . . Society Editor JESSE Woon .................. - . Athletic Editor W. R. VALENTINE ............ HARRY HOWICK ............. CHLOE HOUGHTON ................... Senior Editor GRACE COLGLAZIER .................. Junior Editor CLYDE SHAW . . . ............. Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross ................. College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF CALVIN H. PFINGST ................ Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS -------------- Advertising Managers ADAM BOWLES CLYDE SHOW i Local and Alumni Editors . - - Circulation Manager BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ez-Oyicio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM. WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0., Secretary WM. H. CAIN. '10, MR. SCHOPMEYER. '11 WM. UNVERFETH, 12 Published monthly from October to J une, inclusive. . ......... $1.00 per Year 15 Cents 35 Cents Terms Single Copies - . - Commencement N umber Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE, Terre Haute. Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify THE ADVANCE. All alumni. as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terre Haute post omce as second class mail matter. The fact that a negro won a place in the semi-final 35 yard dash at the University of Michigan and was greeted with a few cheers and a great many hisses has led to an ugly quarrel between students holding different opinions on the negro question. The Michigan Daily takes the position that the negro has no business whatever to engage in athletic contests, but should confine himself strictly to the aca- demic work necessary for his course. That journal makes the excuse for its stand that it detracts from the pleasantness 0f Michiganls athletic relations With other schools to have a negro on any team representing the University. We might notice here that the negro question in all of its phases is unpleasant for both White and black races, but it will not add to the dig- nity and welfare of any phase of society or politics to exclude the negro from the privilege of participation in any natural function for which he has properly prepared himself. If- the White students of Michigan University or any other state university, college, or normal school do not want negroes on the teams repre- senting the institution there is one fair way of excluding them. That way is for the white students to excel them. If this is not done, all the talk about being represented by inferior beings is mere cant, and unworthy of any student in an institution of higher learning. Dr. Edward Howard Griggs is to lecture in Chapel hall again this spring. D121 Griggs is one of the most inspiring lecturers on the plat- form today. Those who heard his courses on Dante and Browning in the spring and fall of 1907 Will surely want to hear him discuss the Shakespearean literature this spring. President Parsons explained in chapel his reasons for signingzthe petition against the ap- propriation by Congress of a sum of money, equal to that appropriated to the state agricul- tural colleges, to George Washington Univer- sity, a private, sectarian institution atWashing- ton, D. C. The explanation became a spirited defense of the principles of free education long established in this country. It is our hope and belief that this agitation of the matter by col- lege presidents all over the country will block the passage of a bill that almost slipped through on sentiment; and, if it had, would have established a precedent dangerous to free education. There is a fine old Christian gentleman among us who deserves the kindest regards and thanks 0f the Whole student body and faculty for his manner of conducting chapel exercises. We mean Prof. William A. McBeth. ATTENTION, CLASS OF l08! We have made up this list for your benefit. Many of the members of the class have asked us to aid in locating the members of the returning class so that a reunion could be held during Anniversary Week. A day has been set apart for class reunions, and the school encourages them. Loyal members of the class of 08 t0 the front! 184 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ATTENTION! We hope to have the April number of the ADVANCE on sale during the first week of the spring term. Consequently, we request that leaders of Literary Clubs, Sections of Womanls League, Classes, etc., prepare their notes and announcements before this term is closed and hand them in on Monday, April 4, of the spring term. Help the new students get started straight at I'. S. N. and help yourselves and us to get started straight with them. We have on file in this ofIice articles by Supt. Bauman of Mt. Vernon, Prof. Lynch of this school, and Pres. E. B. Bryan of Colgate Uni- versity, Hamilton, New York. These articles were received after the March number went to press, but will appear in the April number. They will present some of the ideals of I. S. N. men after being tested in the business of.teach- ing. We Wish to call your atteiition to an error on page 143 of February ADVANCE. The table from Seligman should read as follows: Gross Units Price Cost Total N et Sold per Unit Receipts per Unit Cost Receipts 500 300 $150 100 $50 $100 1,000 250 $250 100 $100 $150 2,000 200 $400 100 $200 $200 3,000 15c $450 10c $300 $150 4,000 100 $400 100 $400 The author of the article is Cecil Kibbey, C. 0., ill. We wish to note that we omitted the name also in last issue of the paper. Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. Y. M. 0'. A. The Y. M. C. A. has been enjoying some very helpful meetings the past month. Prof. Char- manis talk, March 8, on tSuggestions for the Christian? was especially interesting and help- ful. The constitution has been amended so that the ofiicers of president, vice-president, secre- tary corresponding secretary and treasurer who have heretofore taken their oilices at the begin- ning of the spring term, will hereafter take up their duties the lirst of J une. This amendment was adopted so that the new oiiicers for the coming year would have the summer vacation to plan their work, and it will also make it pos- sible to select from a larger class of men since a large number of men enter school during the spring term. The association is very sorry to know of the illness of Messrs. Whitaker and Dixon. It is hoped that all cases of illness among men will be reported to the chairman of Visiting committee, Mr. Henry, as soon as it is known. Plans are now being made for the work during spring term. The mission study cOmmittee, together with the same committee in the Y. W. C. A., is planning to make out a list of the students belonging to the different churches and together with the diiferent min- isters of the city, to see that each student is in- vited to attend some form of church service each Sunday. The Bible Study committee is very desirous of more students enrolling in the Bible classes. Y. W. 0.11. A very interesting talk was given to the young women Tuesday evening, March 8, by Mrs. Dr. Meyers. Dr. Meyers is a medical mis- ionary from China. After the talk the cabinet members gave a dinner party. The guests were Dr. Meyers and Miss Erickson. The young women are planning their work for next term and are expecting it to be a very successful one. THE NORMAL ADVANCE ATHLETICS BASKET BALL. Our boys closed the basket ball season for the school year t09 and 10 on the evening of Feb- ruary 26, when they allowed the Charleston, 111., boys to take them into camp by the score of 24-12. Although our boys lost the last three games of the season, nevertheless they put forth their best eiforts and deserved the support of the entire student body, for no one should be criticised When he has done his best. The following is the line-up and summary of the last three games played: I. S. N. am Franklin tlm Nugent ........... Center ............ Sheek Unverferth. . . . Forward ........... Brown Ray ............. Forward .......... Goheen Laughlin .......... Guard . .Burton, Myers Montgomery ....... Guard .......... Freeleck Summary: Field goals, Unverferth, Ray 2, Sheek 3, Brown, Goheen. Foul goals, Unver- ferth 5, Brown 4, Goheen. .Referee, Clark. Scorers, Johnson, Goheen. Time keepers, Bird, Goheen. Time of halves, 20 minutes. I. S. N. GU Rose MD Unverferth ...... Forward ......... Webster Brown ........... Forward ........... Wente Nugent ........... Center ........... Hoffner Laughlin .......... Guard ........... Sandau Montgomery, . Christy ........... Guard ......... Nicholson Summary: Field goals, Unverferth 3, Brown 2, Nugent, Montgomery, Webster 6, Wente 5, Hoffner 3, Sandau, Nicholson 6. Foul goals, Unverferth 3, Hoffner 5. Referee, Guedel. Scorer, Winkler. Timekeeper, Haigerty. I. S. N. am . E. I. S. N. Q41 Unverferth. . . . Forward .............. Hill Ray .............. Forward ............ Kine Zimmerman Nugent ........... Center ........... Carney 185 t; Laughlin ......... Guard ............ Butler Jackson ........... Guard .......... . . .Servis Summary: Field goals, Hill, Kine 2, Butler Carney 2, Servis 2, Underferth, Laughlin. Foul goals, Hill 6, Kine, Servis, Unverferth 8. HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETICS The Normal High School basket ball season closed February 11, the team having won four games out of six. The following is a summary for the season: Player Field Goals Foul Goals Fouls Neukom .......... 21 18 1 9 Whissen .......... 17 . . 5 Reagan .......... 16 1 2 Gillum ........... 7 . . 10 Seeburger ........ 6 3 12 . Suanagon ........ 2 . . Charman 1 1 Normal High, total 70 23 38 Opponents, total . . 27 i 30 36 Total points: Normal High 163, Opponents 84. This is a very creditable showing, consider- ing the size of the school. Everett Stirwalt has been elected track cap- tain for the season. Work in the gym is go- ing on and out-door practice Will begin as soon as the weather permits. VARASITY FORECASTS BASE BALL Although it is nearing the opening of the spring term, the base ball schedule has not been announced. However, Manager Wood reports that he has quite a number of games scheduled, and by the time his team is ready for action things Will be in such shape that they can ex- 186 THE NORMAL ADVANCE h pect the hardest schedule yet attempted by an I. S. N. team. While the manager has been busy writing for games, he has not forgotten the fact that he must have a team to meet his opponents.- Consequently he has kept in touch with the members of last years team. The prospects for a winning team seem very bright. With the warm days the boys have begun to ttlimber up? and at the first call for practice on March 5, twenty-Iive men responded. Of this number, Bird, Friedman, and York, mem- bers of last yearis team, were present. Of the new men, Cameron showed up in fine form. Many other men ttlooked goodii t0 the man- ager. The new Parsons Field is rounding into shape nicely with the bright spring days and it is hoped that by the first call for practice at the opening of spring term, that it will be in shape for use. TBA 0K. Prospects for a good track team seem to brighten in the distance. As the state meet is held here on the Poly campus this year, some- time in May, our thin clad artists are very de- sirous of making a good showing. The men are working out each day in the Gym, and per- haps an indoor meet will be held some time this term. Owing to the fact that Mr. Mitchell had re- signed the base ball managership at a recent meeting of the Athletic Board, Mr. Jesse A. Wood was chosen to fill that position. Mr. Russell Blythe was chosen to assist Mr. Wood in his duties. LITERARY CLUBS ORATORIOAL AND DEBA TING LEAGUE A meeting of the representatives to the League was held February 24, at 4 :20 p. m. for the purpose of considering the advisability tn of forming a triangular debating league with Oskosh and Normal, Ill. t2i For determining the date of the inter-society contest for next year. CD To adopt the constitution of the Central Oratorical League. It was voted that we would be glad to join the triangular debat- ing league with Oskosh if the terms of the con- tract were satisfactory, that the inter-society debate be held before February 1, 1911 and the . constitution of Central Oratorical League was adopted. ' The first contest of a series of contests to be held under the auspices of the league was a debate between the Alethenai and Philoma- thean, March 11, on the immigration question. The debaters on both teams did excellent work and it was not certain which team had won till the chairman had read the vote of third judge. The debate was held in Normal Hall, which was prettily decorated with pennants 0f the contesting societies. The program of the even- ing was opened by a piece of descriptive music executed by Miss Grace Hedges, and inter- preted by Mrs. Waterman. The affirmative of the question, ttResolved, that immigration should be further restricted in the United States? was taken by Minnie A. Parsons, Etta Walter and Kate V. Black, rep- resenting the Alethenai Society. The Philo- mathean team, Which argued the negative side of the question, was composed of Lois A.. Rut- ledge, Margaret S. A. Hardie and Rae A. Gold- man. The rebuttal speeches were made by Lois Rutledge and Etta Walter. Prof. F. S. Bo- gardus acted as Chairman, with George Crane, Clarence Royse and Mrs. S. C. Stimson as judges. Complete knowledge of the immigration laws and problems was shown by the contestants and a point made by either team brought bursts of applause from the enthusiastic supporters of the participating teams. While the judges were out deciding on the winners, the Normal Glee THE NORMAL ADVANCE Club furnished excellent music which served to dispel to some degree the anxiety that was felt concerning the victors. Chairman Bogardus made the speech announcing the winners and did not divulge the decision of the judges until both sides were positive that they had won. The declaration that the Alethenai team had the best of the argument was greeted with a round of cheers and real college yells by the feminine partisans of the winners. The proceeds from the ticket sale to the de- bate will be applied to the uses of the Oratorical and Debating Society of the Normal. A sum of almost $30 will be turned over to the or- ganization to be used to help defray the eX- penses incurred by the intercollegiate contests that have been scheduled for this spring. It is the intention of the participating societies to make the debating contest an annual affair. UIOEBONIAN. The terms for the Ciceronian-Daedalian de- bate, which takes place April 15, have all been agreed upon. All of these have been announced heretofore except the one regarding the allot- ment of time to the sides. This agreement is as follows: Each speaker on each side will have a twelve minute constructive argument and a live minute rebuttal. The Ciceronian team will be announced later. This debate is one of the two interjsociety debates of the year, and it will be of great interest to the entire school. One of the societyls members, Mr. Whitaker, .underwent an operation for appendicitis at the 187 Union hospital. He is recovering rapidly and he will be in school again in a short time. The society is glad that Mr. Shaw is in school again, after being out three weeks with the measles. EPSILON PHI The Girls, Glee Club has been doing some real good work this term. It made its first ap- pearance in public at the debate Friday, March 11. The members who sang were the Misses Grace Colglazier, Eva Wagner, Birdenia Ben- nett, May Lidikay, Emma Ingling, Florence Peck, Zella Bundy, Lula Strickler, Lula Shew, Pauline Clark, and Carolyn Murphy. Miss Grace Love directed. .GERMAN CLUB. On Wednesday, the ninth of February, the . German Club held its second meeting for the month. Several German songs were sung at the opening and closing of the meeting. The attend- ance was large and two visitors were present. Mr. Weng gave a very interesting and instruc- tive talk about the Germans in America. Their numbers are large and they hold a very im- portant and active part in the affairs of our land. Special mention was made of several in- dividuals, such as Carl Schurz, the,statesman and Civil war veteran, whose reminscences have been lately published in the McClure,s Maga- zine, John J acob Astor, and J ohn A. Roebling, who built Brooklyn bridge. At this meeting German songs were sung, and it was decided not to have a Kaffee Klatsch this term. SOCIETY WOMAZWS LEA G UE. On Eeb. 25, the Alpha and Rosa Bonheur chapters of the League entertained the mem- bers of the League and Faculty with a Martha Wrashington tea in the Association rooms. Miss Miller, of the Conservatory of Music, gave a program of six readings, after which light re- freshments were served. The rooms were dec- orated with pennants and flags. Miss Bertha Bickhart has been elected to take Miss Elliottis place as president of the League. Mrs. Wells was elected as Vice- presi- 188 dent. Miss Elliott will return for the latter part of the spring term and will again take up her duties as president. ALPH A On February 11th, Helen Wright, Simmone Crise, J 0y Muchmore, and Alma McCrum were hosetesses for an evening party at the home of Miss Muchmore, on North Fourth street. Miss Ethel McClain of Shelbyville, Ind., with Ber- nice Bowlby, was a guest. On Friday evening, February 18th, an attrac- tive dancing party was given by the members of the Alpha sorority in the Phoenix club rooms. The Locke-Thomas orchestra furnished music for the dancing. Punch was served throughout the evening. Yellow narcissuses were given as favors. The guests were received by Miss Arpy Curry, Miss Simmone Crise, Miss J 0y Muchmore, Miss Alma McCrum, and Miss Carabelle Greiner. The other hostesses were Misses Agnes Maram, Mildred Stultz, Lucybelle Settle, Lucy Woody, Anne Price, Helen Wright, Ethel Hughes, Margaret Welch, Edith Hamilton, Hazel Kelley, Wilhelmina Shively, Bernice Bowldy, and Katherine. McBride. The guests were Misses Martina Erickson, Mary Moran, Rose Cox, Louise Gillum, Margaret Curry, Winifred Rettger, Margaret Worsham, Bertha Smith, Hazel Noggle 0f Shelbyville, Ind.; Messrs. Frederick Mutterer, J . H. Hall, A. Butler, Clinton Worsham, Earl Rose, Ewing Miller, Earl Hughes, Dean Armstrong, Herbert Smith, Nathan Bowers, William Bell, William Griffith, Guy J ohnson, Raymond Rhyan, Fred Spencer, Reid McBeth7 O. B. Tedrick, Lloyd Fouts 0f Mattoon, Ill., Harvey Failing, J oseph Gillum, Robert Parsons, Harry Whissen, J ames Baxter, C. B. Bacon, Messrs. and Mesdames L. J . Rettger, C. M. Curry, J . B. Wisely, G. Oscar Dix, Samuel Craig, P. J . Quinlan, and W. W. Parsons. , :- ATHLETA. On February 22 the Athletas celebrated Washingtonls birthday by giving an elaborate six oiclock dinner at the home of Miss Mae Bowsher in Collett Park Place. The dinner I THE NORMAL ADVANCE was prepared by the girls after their arrival at Miss Bowsherls home. The parlors were beau- tifully decorated in college pennants, while in the dining room the national colors predomin- ated. In the center of the table was a miniature cherry tree and at each place flags were ar- tistically arranged. The place cards were hand painted hatchets, the work of the hostess. After dinner the rugs were removed from the parlor floors and the evening was spent in dancing. Saturday afternoon, March 5, Miss Lois Rut- ledge entertained the Athletas to a chafing dish party in her roomsrat 423 South Fifth street. The afternoon was spent in cutting and rolling bandages for the charity nurse of this city. Everyone enjoyed the afternoon. Dainty re- freshments were served. LE UEYGJAS. The Le Ceygjas had an old-fashioned taffy pulling, February 19. Each girl enveloped in a big apron was liberally supplied with the soft, white candy and in the course of time it was changed into smooth, hard sticks. A large plate of fudge was also made, but the tally proved the center of interest. The remainder of the evening was spent in conversation and music. The section had a chafing dish party Satur- day afternoon, March 5, at the rooms of the Misses Lilly Olson and Cora Anderson. Sev- eral chafing dishes were used and a delicious lunch was placed before the girls. This con- sisted of Welsh rarebit, hot chocolate, potato chips, sweet pickles and nabiscos. Toasts were given and responded to by all the members. After the lunch the girls enjoyed a pleasant time together discussing the work of the next term. Miss Barbara Wagle was called home on ac- count of the illness of her aunt and cannot re- turn this term. Next term Misses Veronica F euerstein, Edith Renner and Vergie Jenkins are coming back and will be welcomed into the section again. Miss Eunice Peck of Attica, spent Sunday with her sister, Florence Peck. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 189 LLAMARADA. The Llamarada girls were hostesses for a very charming colonial, party, which was given at the home of the Misses Nantz, 401 South Fourth, 0n the evening of F ebruary 19th. The young women came in fancy dress of antique design. Powdered hair, curls, court trains, and patches, in heart and crescent patterns, made one feel as if he had suddenly turned back his- tory t0 the time of George Washington. The decorations were very-attractive. The hall and living rooms were trimmed in the na- tional colors, and numerous small fiags. A large flag was. draped over the stairway and the pictures of George and Martha Washington occupied a prominent position on the wall. The library was trimmed in red and white. Here punch was served throughout the evening. The breakfast room was converted into a college room. An oriental lamp hung from the ceiling and numerous college pillows were strewn around. Pennants and banners covered the walls and hung in unique festoons from the ceiling. The dining room was decorated in the sorority colors, green and white, and lighted with green tapers. In the center of the table stood a huge bowl of white rosebuds and ferns. The table was covered with fern-ponds and smilax. Two original and appropriate guessing con- tests formed part Of the, entertainment. The prizes were won by Miss Lahey, Miss Woolen, and Mr. Wood. Later dancing was the diver- sion and the evening closed with an old-fash- ioned Virginia reel. ' A delicious three course luncheon was served in the dining room. The cream was moulded, into the shape of George and Martha Washing- ton, and the cake was adorned with cherries. Little bunches of cherries were given as favors. Those present were: Misses Hazel Woolen, Gladys .Toole, Minnie Parsons, Grace Nantz, Golda Nantz, Lora Love, Orrelle Fidlar, Mar- garet Lahey, Maude Jones, Portia Fuqua, Anne Forbes, Florence Earlle, Orpha Cole, Lenore Burnam, Grace Burba, Bertha Bick- hart, Margaret Hagan, and Mrs. Chas. Mont- gomery; Messrs. Haigerty, Volker, Wood, Johnson, Ausbury, Youngblood, Cain, Henry, Spencer, Baumunk, Davis, Hyde, Admire, Schmidt, Huick, Mahan, Modesitt, and Mont- gomery. February 26th the girls gave a chafing dish party at the Llamarada House. They had as their guests Misses Clippenger and Ossenburg. Music and candy making were the entertain- ments. Saturday, March 5, the regular business meet- ing was held at the house, after which the sec- tion had a social time. On the evening of Tuesday, March 1, Misses Florence Earle, Gladys Toole, and Maude J ones were admitted into the secrets of Llamar- ' adism as far as the first degree. The chapter hopes to confer the second degree before the close of the present term. There will be a much larger class of candidates for that cere- mony. T MYOSO TIS. Miss Cecilia Black entertained the Myosotis girls on the afternoon of March 5, ather home on Kent avenue. The afternoon was spent in needlework, conversation and initiations. The Misses Coradel Wade and Nellie Waller were prepared for membership by carrying out a varied program of tiwickedness? which was planned by the Misses Shortridge, Black and McBeth. Delicious refreshments were served at the close of the afternoon. The girls present, besides the hostess and those who were initiated, were the Misses Ada Tichenor, Annalee Short- ridge, Norma Failing, Stella Albright, Lenora Rollings, Helen Sale, and Mary McBeth. OMEGA. The Omega section gave a Martha Washing- ton tea on the afternoon of J anuary 22, at the home of Miss Elsie Burkhart, 1457 Chase street. The home was beautifully decorated for the oc- casion and the hostess received the guests in old colonial fashion. 190 Various games and Contests were the diver- sions of the afternoon and dainty refreshments were served in the dining room. Each guest received a beautiful souvenir hatchet. Those present were the Misses Elsie Burk- hart, Birdenia Bennett, Grace Kearns, Iva Mc- Claren, Blanche Myers, Catherine Donovan, Mildred Flaherty, Charlotte Grimes, Lulu Hay- ward, Laura Horton, Elizabeth Peyton, Mayme Schuler, Ora Voyles, and Bertha Tapy. OMEGAS. Miss Birdenia Bennett, 601 South Twentieth street, entertained the Omegas Saturday after- noon, March 5, in honor of Miss Nola Williams of Vincennes, who was the former leader of the section. The afternoon was delightfully spent in music and games. Refreshments consisted of coffee, sandwiches, wafers and candy. Those present were Misses Birdenia Bennett, Lula Hayward, Laura Horton, Blanche Myers, Elsie Burkhardt, Nola6 Williams, Elsie Thompson, and Mamie Schuler. PI ZETA The Pi Zetas held the third degree of initia- tion February 13 at the Mansion House from ,4 :00 to 6:00 p. m. The girls who were initiated were Mabel Barnard, Pauline Clark, and Mary McIntosh. After the strenuous work of initia- tion, refreshments were served. Miss Ethel Wallace is a new Pi Zeta who will be given the initiation this term. Mrs. D. V. Miller entertained the members of the Pi Zeta sorority in honor of Miss Francis Thorpe of Linton, who was a former Pi Zeta, Saturday afternoon, March 12, at her home in West Terre Haute. The girls spent a part of the afternoon in making their sorority pen- nants. After this several musical numbers were furnished by the Misses Pauline Clark and Grace Evans. Miss Ethel Carr and Miss Francis Thorpe gave several interesting read- ings. At live oiclock the hostess, assisted by her niece, Miss Nell Broadhurst, served a de- lightful hot luncheon. The guests were the THE NORMAL ADVANCE Misses Ethel Carr, Grace Evans, Kate Black, Mary McIntosh, Mabel Barnard, Georgia Cole, Viola Field, Francis Thorpe, May B.rooking, Ethel Wallace, and Nell Broadhurst. COLLEGE 00 URSE. The students of the College Course held their regular monthly meeting in the Association rooms, Friday evening, February 25. After the business meeting the following program was given: Piano Duet. . . .The Misses Wright and Connor Original Story ................ Dr. Schlicher Vocal Solo ..................... Miss Meyer The Seniors of the College Course met Wed- nesday afternoon at 3:30 in Room 20. It was decided at this meeting that the graduating class of the College Course wear the cap and gown. A committee consisting of the Misses Rut- ledge and Bader, and Mrs. J ones, was appointi ed to submit designs for pins to the class at the next meeting. The following, Mr. Servies, and the Misses Ross and Ellis, were appointed to confer with the managers of the NORMAL ADVANCE. Mr. W. T. Barbre was elected permanent chairman of the Senior class. JUNIORS. The Junior meeting of last Friday evening was well attended. A very interesting pro- gram, consisting largely of music and readings was well rendered by Mr. Fitzpatrick, Miss Ing- ling, and Miss Gillespie. Every number on the program was promptly responded to. This shows that the interest in the class is still alive. The next meeting will be held March 18. It is the last meeting of the term and every Junior is earnestly requested to be there, as some special business is to be disposed of. SOPHOMOBE. The program at the Sophomore meeting held February 25 was: THE NORMAL ADVANCE 191 Vocal Solo ................... Miss Prichard Reading ........................ Mr. Blythe Piano Solo .................. Miss Whitehead Reading ........................ Miss Roush A social hour Was spent after the program was finished. The greatest social event of the Sophomore class this term was the Winter picnic held at the close of the following excellent program, March 12: Piano Solo ................... Miss Gormley Vocal Solo ..................... Miss Horton Reading ........................ Mr. Hunter Vocal Solo ........... '. ...... Miss Lora Love Piano Solo ..................... Miss Rucker The cloths were Spread 011 the floor, and a real picnic luncheon was served. The iteatsll were: i Salad Sandwiches Ham Sandwiches Potato Chips 1 Pickles Cake Baked Beans Coffee Ice Cream Fruit. The feast over, those present enjoyed an in- formal good time for a little While before they went to their homes. The Returning Class ATTENTION, CLASS OF 108 BRAZIL, IND., March 15, 1910. To the Members of the Class of 108: i Two years have rolled around, and the time has arrived When most of us shall return to I. S. N . for our diplomas. However, the receipt of the coveted sheepskins should not be the sole purpose for returning, nay, the feeling of friendship of former days should be at least strong enough to arouse Within us a desire to meet and converse with those with whom we parted two years ago, and With this in mind, I, as your president, ask that you join, one and all, With the movement to have a class reunion during Commencement Week. Let us all try to locate those W110 have tem- porarily disappeared from the fold, and urge them to be present at this great occasion in our school lives. I shall be glad to hear from all the members of the class in regard to this. Any word sent to your former treasurer, Mr. Heber C. Martin, at Versailles, Ind., or myself, will be gladly received, so let each and every mem- ber of the class of 108 kindle anew the 01d spirit of friendghip and bestir himself to make the reunion a grand success. Very sincerely. your obedient servant, WILL E. EDDINGTON. J ohni A. Alexander. Wiliam Anderson, principal Collett School, Terre Haute. ' Nora Arnold, rural teacher, Lost Creek town- ship, Vigo county. Grace Arnold, assistant in English, Wiley High School, Terre Haute. Lola O. Asher. ' Earl Asher, ward principal, Greenheld. Katherine Ashby, third grade, Fairbanks School, Terre Haute. Lucy M. Arthur, music and drawing, Wiley High School, Terre Haute. Marion Alice Barbour, student, college course I. S. N. Wm. T. Barbre, student, college course, I. S. N. Graham A. Barringer, superintendent of schools, Patriot. Pearl Bedford, fourth grade, School No. 4, Indianapolis. Anna E. Behrens, science teacher, Hunting- burg High School. Edna Behrens, teacher in grades, Hammond. George Behrens, mathematics in high school, Mt. Vernon. Anna C. Bennett, third grade, Shelbyville. Jeannette Bitner, second grade, Shelbyville. 1 n.- ,.,;. 117-511-4313. 192 . THE NORMAL ADVANCE w A. A. Bourke, science, high school, Edin- burg. Edith G. Blaydes, Latin in high school at North Salem. Claude Brechner, student at University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Nellie M. Brewer, third and fourth grades at Webster School, Indianapolis. Ethel Burton, history and science, Thorn- town. Wm. Bryce, deceased. L. Isabelle Cadden, teaching Latin in high school at Logansport. Ernest Cahal, Terre Haute, Ind. Grant Callahan, principal of high school and teacher of science, Odon. Sara C. Carpenter, rural school; Cloverland. Mabelle Carter, fourth grade, No. 47, Indi- anapolis. Christophe'r Cauble. George E. Chenoweth, teaching Latin at Markle. J ohn V. Clark. Thomas Clerkin, superintendent of schools, Whiteland. Harry A. Collins, rural school, Cory. Francis B. Connor, teacher Coal Bluii', Terre Haute. Mrs. Jessie Baker Craig, homekeeper, Terre Haute. Ray Cromwell, High School. Maude Crook. Fay Winfield Cullins. Gertrude Daily, third grade, W. R. McKeen School, Terre Haute. Harry Dannecker, Latin and mathematics, Boxley High School, Boxley. May Dean, second grade, Shelbyville. Daisy M. Dickey, Elwood, Indiana. Elder W. Diggs, ward principal at Bloom- ington. Elsie B. Dinius, second grade, Huntington. Lillian Dodson. ' Patsey Leslie Durrett, teacher in grades at Mt, Vernon. Minerva Eberly, teacher of English in high school at Portland. mathematics, Mooresville Wm. E. Edington, mathematics, Brazil High School. Emma Howard Ellison, homekeeper, Shelby- ville. Oliver W. Fauber, ward principal, Brazil, Indiana. Hubert Fisher, Manual Training High School, Los Angeles, California. Anne B. Flood, sixth grade, School, Terre Haute. Susan M. Frazeur. Elizabeth Gerwig. Lawrence Gross, science and mathematics, J amestown. Nellie M. Harper. Estella Harris, teaching in grades, West Terre Haute. Edna I. Harris. Hazel Hathaway, teacher in grades, Terre Haute. . Ethel A. Heath, fourth grade, W. R. McKeen SchOol, Terre Haute. Gertrude Hebb, primary teacher at Fairview School, Terre Haute. Frank B. Long, ward principal, Frankfort. Hervey A. Henderson, college course, super- intendent of schools, Goodland. Chas. R. Hertenstein, superintendent of schools, Amo. Denzil L. Hightower, science, Oakland City College, Oakland City. Samuel F. Hildebrand, Field Museum, Chi- cago, Illinois. Chas. W. Hitchcock, principal of schools, Burney, Indiana. Archie Hopper, manual training high school, Marion. Mary Hornung, critic in fourth and fifth grades, Marion Normal School. Myrtle Hoffman, teacher, No. 49, Indian- apolis. Oscar H. Holmes, superintendent of schools, Westport. Bruce Hoskinson. Mrs. Helen Hughes, manager Spencer House, Indianapolis. Lawrence Hurst, student at I. U., Blooming- ton. Crawford .m- mmmmm.u1u- ...-..4 . THE NORMAL ADVANCE 193 Lawrence V. J ackson, superintendent of schools, Marshall. Elizabeth M. Johnson, fifth grade, Green- wood School, Terre Haute. Mary J. Kadel. Kathryn Kaiser, eighth grade and assistant in German in high school at Linton, Indiana. Mary M. Kearney, seventh and eighth grades, Bainbridge. Drusilla Keller, East Chicago, teaching English in McKinley School. Lula M. Kirtley, country training school, Oakland City College, Oakland City. Homer G. Knight, superintendent of schools, Scottsburg. ' Effie E. Kuhns, grades, Elwood. Mrs. Isabel Martin Langtry, homekeeper, Houston, Texas. Ernest D. Long, Latin in LaCrosse State Normal, LaCrosse, Wisconsin. Lora E. Love, second grade, Greenwood School, Terre Haute. Elizabeth Lytle, teaching Arcadia, Indiana, home Terre Haute. Hilda Leibing, at home, Terre Haute. Eva Manders. Heber C. Martin, superintendent of schools, Versailles. Bernice Martin, third grade, East Chicago, Ind. ' Gertrude Merriman, fifth grade, J ames Hook School, Terre Haute. Frank Meseke, teaching in state of Washing- ton. Otto E. Morey, weather bureau, Washington, D. C. Dessie A. Moore, third grade, Huntington. R0110 Morrison. , Ivory G. Morton, rural training school, Marion Normal School7 Marion. J essie L. Munsey, City schools, Marion. Alma McCrum, critic teacher in grades three and four, I. S. N ., Terre Haute. Lena McKinley. Goldie Nantz, rural school near Terre Haute. Fannie O Del1. Harriet Paynter, second grade, Austin Brown School, Indianapolis. Indiana, Ethel Perkins, critic of sixth and seventh grades, North Manchester. Emma Peters, principal of high school, Mil- ray. . Chas. H. Phillips. Ezra B. Porter, deceased. Mary J . Price, department of English, Bra- zil. Grace Rust, principal of high school, Brownstown. J ames T. Shepard, superintendent of schools, Milford. Vera Shankland, Elwood, Indiana. Annalee Shortridge, student in college course, I. S. N., Terre Haute. Charles Silvers, principal of high school at ' Paoli. Cora Florence Simpson, critic in training school at Central Normal College, Dahville, In- diana. Reuben Snitz, superintendent of schools, An- drews, Indiana. Mary E. Spice, primary teacher, Anderson. Osmund Spear, manual training high school, Indianapolis. Fred Spencer, superintendent of schools, Bellmore. Eleanor Starr, grade teacher, New Albany. Ernest Stirwalt, student at University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Hazel Tesh, fifth grade, Anderson. Allce Test. J. Owen Tribble, principal of high school, Ft. Branch. Mrs. Eliza Terre Haute. Mildred Trittipo, primary teacher, Nobles- ville. ' Augusta True, third School, Terre Haute. Arthur Walter, state of Washington. Mary Hazel Warrick. Benjamin L. Washington. Andrew H. VVhitesitt, manual training high school,East Chicago, Ind. Grace H. Weber, third grade, Huntington. Chester Zechiel, geography in high school at Anderson. Scott Trimble, rural school, grade, Davis Park kW, 194 THE NORMAL ADVANCE LOCAL and ALUMNI Mr. and Mrs. Stevens, both graduates of I. S. N., and now attending Michigan University, chaperoned the Sophomore engineeris dance at Grangers Hall at that institution March 5. In the report of the Senior-Junior basket ball game at the University of Michigan we note that Claude Breckner, ,11 G. S. N. 107x distinguished himself for clever team work and two field goals. The class of 111 won the con- test by the score of 33 to 19. Mr. Merrill Smith, 710, called on I. S. N. friends February 22. Mr. Smith expects to be in school in the spring term. Mr. Otto Lidikay, ilO, who was absent from school a few weeks because of measles, is back in school. A number of beautiful well lighted rooms have been made from the old library rooms. Mr. Fred Spencer, ,08, was an I. S. N. visitor February 19. Raleigh Schorling, i09, now attending Michia gan University, was recently chosen assistant in German in that institution at a salary suffici- ent to pay his expenses for next year. Base ball practice has begun at I. S. N. and the signs are favorable for a winning team whenever the season opens. At last we are to have a team worthy of the name when the first game is played. A good beginning, though, will mean hard work for the team to hold up to the reputation our teams have of being in a totally diiferent and far higher class when the season closes than they were when it began. William Lowe Bryan, president of Indiana University, and William Wood Parsons, presi- dent of the Indiana State Normal School, are among the signers of a petition presented to Congress protesting against the passage of a bill appropriating from the treasury a sum an- nually in aid of George Washington University, a private institution at Washington. Mr. Ernest Sanders, 107, Visited old friends at I. S. N. Friday and Saturday; February 18 C and 19. Mr. Sanders is a gJunior Medicli at Indiana University this year. The Messrs. Pattenger have turned peddlers. Securing a dozen brass shirt buttons for five cents at the 25 and 100 storey they resold them to a number of friends at two for a nickel. Some of the victims are Shewman, Valentine, and J enkins. Mr. Chas. Hitchcock, i08, who is principal of the Burney High School, will be in school in the spring term. ' Miss Alma Bundy, 106, who is teaching at Bloomington, Visited with I. S. N. friends March 4 and 5. Mr. Harvey Whitcraft, who is attending school at Indiana University, was an I. S. N. Visitor February 21. Mr. James R. Everett, 109, principal of the Avon High School, will be in school in the spring term. Mr. Charles Jones, ,11, of Michigantown, greeted I. S. N. friends March 5. Mr. Rupert Field, ,07, was an I. S. N. visitor March 5. Mr. Harry Smith, i07, of Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippine Islands, will contribute an article to the April or May ADVANCE. Mr. Edward Hilton was in Normal halls March 5. Mr. Harry Davis, 09, who is teaching in the Clayton High School, greeted old friends at I. S. N. March 5. Mr. Winfield F 0X, i09, who is teaching in the biology department at Little Orleans, made a short Visit and renewed acquaintances March 4. Mr. Ralph Smith, 111, called on I. S. N. friends March 5. He will be in school next term. I The new uniform marking cards being put up in the stacks of the library improve the neatness and general utility of the books on the shelves. THE NORMAL ADVANCE lahh Dr. Edward Howard Griggs, of Montclair, New Jersey, who has in the past given several courses of lectures in the State Normal School, Will give a course of six on the Shapespearean literature. The subjects and dates are as fol- lows: April QattHumanity of Shakespearefl 195 April 16etlThe Ethical Awakening: Mer- chant of Venice? April 23ettIndividual and State: Julius Caesarfl - April 30ectFacing the Mystery: Hamlet? May 5EttTragedy of Ambition: Macbeth? May G-tlThe Final Attitude: The Tempest? EXCHANGES If an WSW and an ttlll and an thl, and a tlU,l With 2111 ttXl9 at the end spells 811; And an gtEll and a gtYll and an ttEll spell gtIf Pray What is a speller to do? Then if also an ttsll and an tTl and a thll And an ttHfl ttEfl ttDl, spell side, There is nothing on earth for a speller to do But to go and commit Siouxeyesighed.eEm. IF HE ONLY WOULD. He talks like a book, his Admires all say. What a pity he doesnlt Shut up the same way. ADVANCE, March, 1906. Attention N ormal Boys ! The ttFERN BAR BER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Massaging. both electric and hand Special attention and interest shown the Normal boys. HARRY WILQON. Teacher tin grammartettl am beautiful. . What tense is that ?,9 PupilettPastFl eEm. ttThe Lily:7 quoth the Bull-rush, tthas a form to drive one mad?7 tgThink SOW replied the Reed, ttIlve seen the lily-padfl eEw. NOT F013 HEB. From the Chicago Record Herald. ttAm I really all the world to you?7 she asked. 'tYes, dearest? gtThen I must give you up? ttNo, 110! Why do you say that'w ltDidnlt you declare a few minutes ago that if you got me you would conquer the worldW Ehe Orbiel Supply 00. G- THE NEW BOOK STOREll -9 is now prepared to serve the entire neer of the Normal Students in SCHOOL SUPPLIES. FOUNTAIN PENS, SPECIAL STATIONERY. PEN- NANTS. PINS. ETC. NEW and SCCODJ. Hand Books always on hand. W'e repair all makes of typewriters and fountain pens. We rent or sell all makes of typewriters. Mail orders given prompt attention. F irst Store South of Normal on West'Side 118 North Sixth Street 196 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ALL KINDS OF C U T F L O W E R 5 AMERICAN STATE BANK JNO. G. HEINL $1. SON Organized and controlled by W. H. Tabgr Opp. High School 129 South 7th 51. an 01d 1' S. N Student OUR AIM Is To PLEASE 1 Gbe American Sta'te BanK Terre Haute Laundry 6: Dyeing C0. 1 situated at ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 411 Wabash Avenue 308-3l0 Cherry St. Both Phones l84 Terre Haute, Ind. W- L- BASS, Agent places at your disposal its facilities and invites you to make your de- posits. With this bank. Evyery stu- 11111151 dent is assured of courteous treat- ment and prompt attention. 'Moore-Langen Printing Co: mmseeus Printers. Binders Blank B001: Manufacturers PUBLISHERS No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE. IND. 3 . I W. H. TABEB Presudent Both Phones 64 Normal Headquarters Books, Typewriters and Supplies WE VE GOT EM. Anything you want and at the right price too. New and Second- hand Books. New and Second- hand Typewriters We Rent, Repair and Sell All Makes of Typewriters THE ORBIEL SUPPLY COMPANY No. 118 North Sixth St. M. D. OREM, Manager TERRE HAUTE, IND. Mmmi BBQK $101112 Corner of Sixth and Cherry Sts. We have 'everytlung' 1n the books you need- School Pennants. School Pms Guaranteed Fountam Pens. B1131es Statmnery and many other thmgs you needieverythmg rlght. We are ON THE CORNEB-East Side of Sixth and Cherry Streets A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous signiiicanee will dawn upon you. An Oliver Typewriter - the standard visible writer - the $100 machine - the most highly perfected typewriter on the market- urs tor I 7 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercia wor d is a matter of business history-yours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as ltThe Balance Shiftll-ttThe Ruling Device -NThe Double Releasell- The Locomotive Base -JtThe Automatic Spacer - ttThe Automatic Tabulator - ttThe Disappearing Indicatorll - itThe Adjustable Paper Fingers - ttThe Scientific Condensed Keyboardl l-all Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse Simply a small cash payment--then 17 cents a day. That is the plan of the people. in a nutshell. The result has been such a deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority of inquiries has come from people of known financial standing who are at- tracted by the novelty of the proposition. An impressive demonstration of the immense popularity of the Oliver Type- writer. A startling conhrmation of our belief that the Era. of Universal Typewriting is at hand. A Quarter of a Million People are Making Money with T534. OLIVER TprWri-l'er lee Standard Ulstble Writer The Oliver Ty ewriter is a. money-ma enrighl kom the word 0 ! So easy to run the. be 'n-. here soon get in the tt x- erttt clues. Earn as an earnih Let the mach ne y e 17 aunts a daw- $311 all above that is yours. Wherever you are, therels work to be done and money to be made by us- ing theoliver. The busi- ness world is cellln for Oliver operators. ere are not enough to suplply the demand. Their sa. ar- ies are considerably above those of many classes of workers. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The simplicity and. strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. factor in the home training of youn people. Our new selling plan puts the It is becoming an important An educator as well as a money maker. liver on the threshold of every home in America. Will you close the door of your home or office on this remarkable Oliver opportunity. Write for further details of our easy oifer and a free copy of the new Oliver catalog. Address THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. CHICAGO. ILL. Indiana State Normal School Terre Haute, Indiana Supported by the State for the Education of Its Public' School Teachers TUITION FREE Fifty Members of Faculty Well Equipped Laboratories To Residents of Indiana. Courses in All Subjects Adapted to Teacher? Needs. Standard College or Ad- vanced Course for Teachers leading to the A. B. Degree. Library of 50.000 Volumes TRAINING SCHOOL FOR STUDY AND SPRING TERM PRACTICE OPENS 0Q FRI DAY A Typical Country School APRIL 09 City School of Eight Grades ISt 1910 m Four Years High School For Catalogue. and Further Information apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Terre Haute, Indiana I 2113132 - SBurmaI ghhame Eeboteb tn the Jutetests of 013112 Enhiana gtate jaumal $tbuull, .-- - -..-- metre gamma, thiana Volume fifteen gptil, 1910 $umhet 3:th J L ,,. , AA; A Oltlzens Phone I4 I 6 EPPERT 83 SON Are always to the front with the latest styles of An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE eCALL AND SEEe TERRE HAUTE, IND. WE RECOMMEND Dandro Scalp Massage The icleal food and tonic for the hair. The heat Jandruff cure on the market. 50c the hottle. We guarantee 1t. Trlal 512e, 25c. BIG FOUR PHARMACY 6th and Big Four The Store with the Orange Front A '.Temple Laundry enigger-Better There,s a Reason --Qtr.A.:I:.:I:-.I.-1r-- Ask JESSE WOOD, Agent. HEBBEWS OAK HALL PHAHMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue Headquarters for the best of everything pertaining to the DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City Sole Agency in Terre Haute for Gunther's Fine Chicago Candies American German Trust Company Normal Students are invited to make their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. Citizens 23 Phones M B ell 4 For High-Glass LAUNDRY, BLEANING and DYEING WORK 0.. W. YOUNGBLOOD, Agent Hunter Laundering 8i Dyeing Co. Sixth and Cherry Sts. THE NQRMAL A'DVANCE VOLUME XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND, APRIL, 1910. NUMBER 7. ttLest We Forget t GHE nearer to the practical men keep- The less they deal in vague and abstract things - The less they deal in huge mysterious wordse The mightier is their power. at a: ak The simple peasant Who observes a truth, And from that truth deduces principle, Adds solid treasure to the public wealth. The theorist who dreams a rainbow dream, And calls hypothesis philosophy, At best is but a paper financier Who palms his specious promises for gold. FACTS are the basis of philosophy; Philosophy, the harmony of facts. - Thomas L. Harris. 198 THE NORMAL ADVANCE K H Letter to Students and Alumni of I. S. N. DEAR MR. CONNOR: I have your letter of March 8 requesting me to write an article on some problem of peda- gogy, or a letter to students and alumni. I have very great pleasure in complying with your re- quest. I shall take advantage of this opportun- ity to make a statement of my appreciation of the Normal School, and of the large value I think the institution has rendered to the State, although I know at the outset that what I shall say will be entirely inadequate as an expression of my feeling and thought on the subject. The longer I live, and the more difficult and com- plex the work in which I am engaged, the more I realize the large benefits that I derived from the State N ormal School. I entered the institution as a boy, seventeen years of age, very illy prepared and with very little power to do work. I graduated from the institution far from being what anyone would call a good scholar, but I had certain training while there that has been of untold value to me in all the years that have followed, and seldom does a day pass that I do not realize the value of this training. The fact is that the Normal School has done her magnificent work by ad- hering strictly to her task and not making the blunder of aping colleges and universities. She has been fortunate in having men from the be- ginning who were school men, who believed profoundly in the public schools, and who were willing to invest their lives in the improve- ment of the public schools. As I look back over my career as a teacher, now covering more than a quarter of a century, I am fully convinced that whatever success I have had has been due more to the training I received in the Normal School than to any other thing; and I think I do not underestimate the great value of the training I have received in universities since that time. I have met many great teachers in these institutions; but going to the Normal School as I did in the plastic and. formative years and sitting at the feet of teachers with high ideals relative to their profession, I re- ceived benefits that have not been duplicated in later years. E. B. BYAN, t89, President Colgate University, Hamilton, New York. If I were asked to What cause the State of Indiana has contrib- uted money to the largest advantage of her citizens, I should say without a moment's hesitancy, to the State Normal School, and by so doing I would not in the least minimize the large advantages which have come to the State from other institutions. To my mind the large thing the Normal School has done for its students is this: it has taught them to distinguish between the essen- tials and the nonessentials,-and it has taught them that opportunity followsipreparation. It has taught them to do the thing. It has taught them that the opportunity for service is infin- itely more to be desired than any position, how- ever high sounding the name of it. I was for- tunate in being a student in the Normal School in a generation in which the school probably turned out a larger percentage of men who have done comparatively large things than any other generation in its history; and I do not forget . the first generation, in which were the present ..ms.; THE NORMAL ADVANCEr 199 W- honored President and Vice-President of the institution, and the generation which followed a few years later, with such men as L. D. Coff- man, W. W. Black, H. B. Wilson, E. A. Turner and the Holtons. In my day and classes were such men as Mitchell of the Oshkosh Normal School; Henry of the Washington State Uni- versity; Ridgley of the Normal School at Nor- .mal, Illinois; Bohannon, President of the Nor- mal School at Duluth; Shepardson of the Los Angeles Normal School; Faught of the Normal School at Marquette, Michigan; Tomlin, Tilley, Waite, Connor, Archibald, and others of the Terre Haute city schools; Cox and Rettger of the Normal School faculty; Rettgerls younger brothers, Ernest and Leo; Slonaker of Stan- ford University; Moenkhaus of Indiana; J ohn- ston 0f the Cleveland public schools; Artman, famous as a jurist; Neet of Valparaiso; McGil- vary, for many years principal of the Cleveland Normal School; Wood, Sanders, Fitzgibbon, and innumerable others in public school work. If I unduly magnify my own generation and unduly appreciate the men who made it, it is because I have known these men and their work much more intimately than I have those who had gone before or who came afterward. If I were asked to what cause the State of Indiana has contributed money to the largest advantage of her citizens, I should say without a moment,s hesitancy, to the State Normal School, and by so doing I would not in the least minimize the large advantages which have come to the State from other institutions; but in my judgment the State Normal School has affected the citizenship of the State as no other institu- tion has. It has laid its mark upon all the boys and girls of the State; it has had the most wholesome influence upon men and women who have never attended the institution. Many of the former students of the Normal School in the course of years leave the profession of teach- ing and go into business, or enter other pro- fessions; but the training they received is not lost, because wherever a man goes and what- ever he does the ability to think, to distinguish between things that go together and those that do not, to distinguish between the essentials and the nonessentials, is the very best equipment the can have. ' , In recent years I have occupied hundreds of pulpits in the country, villages and larger cities. This demand has arisen as a result of my work as college president. Poor and unsatisfactory as my sermons have been, I have been caused to smile repeatedly when men with fine theo- logical training have complimented me upon the homiletics of my sermon. I knew that I had never matriculated as a student in a theo- logical seminary and that whatever of decent homiletics there may have been in the sermon I got as a student of pedagogy and allied studies in the State Normal School. For after all, the question of teaching, preaching, practicing law, medicine or business, is seeing the center of the thing and organizing around that-this is good homiletics because it is good pedagogy. It will be a great day when more of our in- stitutions can see clearly, as the Normal School has seen all these years, that the function of the school is to help the students to realize on them- selves, believing that to the degree in which they do this they will in later years realize on whatever they undertake. The work of man-- making is the greatest work in the world, and if I am not greatly mistaken the Indiana State Normal School has succeeded here as very few institutions have. Nothing would grieve me more than to see the school break away from the ideal to which she has always so stead- fastly adhered. Her criticism has been her glory, that there is no other institution like her. So much the worse for the others! An institu- tion can afford to be unique in itself when it turns out a product so unique. The large work of the world has been done by individuals and institutions of whom it could be said there were no others like them. Sincerely yours, ELMER BURRITT BRYAN, Class of 1889. Oflice 0f the President, i Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y., March 12, 1910. 200 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Mountain Child and Her Royal Friends fi'f l l IA rd Not many years ago, there dwelt, in a Vine- .covered cottage far up the side of a mountain, a little girl called Alice. She had no sister, no brother, not even a playmate, but lived alone with her father and mother. The nearest neighbors were miles away, and only rarely did some traveler, passing along the road that led past the cottage and on to the settlements farther up the range, spend a night at the home of the young mountaineer. Except on such occasions7 the family seldom heard any- thing about the great, busy world. Yet, for father, mother and child alike, the years were filled with happiness and contentment. From babyhood, Alice had passionately loved all things in the beautiful world outside. When she was yet a very tiny girl, she delighted to accompany her father, as, with axe or rilie, he went into the forest in search of Iire-wood or game. In time, she became familiar with all the paths and places near the cottage. Then she often went alone to play under the great 'trees or to wander by the brook in the gorge, of whose gentle murmuring song, she never tired. The flowers claimed kinship with the little maiden, and shed forth their fragrance for her. The wild creatures learned to trust her, and became her play-fellows. Nine beautiful, happy years of her young life had slipped away, and once more the glad summer time had come to crown the mountains with glory. How the hearts of the father and mother were drawn closer, year by year, to their only child! Well might they regard her with pride; for, with her long, dark curls, falling about her shoulders, her olive-tinted skin, her bright, laughing eyes, and cheeks aglow, she was a perfect picture of vigor and grace. In all the wide world, there could not have been found a child so Winsome and lovable. It was on an early June day that Alice, gathering flowers on a steep bank, lost her foot- ing on the wet and mossy surface of a ledge of rock, and fell on the sharp, cruel stones below, receiving an injury so serious that she never walked again. Day after day, she lay on her soft, White bed, and fed her soul on the wonderful scene that her window commanded: She could see the hills beyond the valley and the meadows and grain-lields on either side of the silver stream, whose winding course she could trace far into the distance. Through the long summer, she watched the marvelous transformations wrought by sun- shine and showers; the changes brought about by men, as crops ripened and were harvested; and with that-power, God-given to those who love his works, she understood the glory of the ever-varying harmonies of tint and color as the hand of nature constantly retouched the land- scape with her brush. It was in the autumn days that nature painted the scene of greatest splendor. In playful mood, she cast aside her long favored color, and lo I a gorgeous world of red and gold and brown appeared. Then the bright hues faded, and dull and seared by the biting frosts, the leaves began dropping, drop- ping t0 the earthethere to be blown hither and thither, and whirled about by eddying winds. It grew colder rapidly now, and, one day when Alice looked out at dawn, a deep snow covered hill and low-land. As she was won- dering how the winds had fashioned the huge drifts so queerly, a cheery voice called out to her: S4Grood morning, Bright Eyes. May I sit on this snowebank while I restW Down he sat, the strange old man in his long coat of white fur, without giving the aston- ished little girl time to reply. No wonder she was astonished, for, as the Visitor seated him- self, he almost seemed to become a part of the big drift. His long, white beard and long, THE NORMAL ADVANCEo 201 white hair and white fur cap-l-he had a cap just like his coatemade him seem like a snow-man. He wasnlt any snow-man, though, and, when he smiled on her so kindly, Alice loved him at once. ciPoor old man P, she began, her heart filled with sympathy. iiIt is so cold. You just come into the house. Illl call Daddy andel, But she got no further, for, just then, the old fellow burst into a roaring laugh, and rolled about in the snow in his glee. A great gust swept by, filling the air so that he' was completely hidden. In a moment, he was back at the window, and this is what he said: ctI am the King of the Northland. Far, far away, I have a palace of ice, and there I always live in summer. .Eyery winter, I make a long journey southward, and I must travel very swiftly indeed, for I must get back before spring timefl itDontt you get awfully coldW questioned Alice. ttI love nothing so well as the snow and cold and winds of winter. I never go where the streams and lakes are not frozen, and the earth white? tiBut what do you do when night comes? Can you sleep out in the coldWl persisted the child more interested than ever. itYes, when I sleep at all, I simply lie down in a soft snow-bank like this one, and I am just as snug as you in your little bed?a tWon must know ever and ever so many peo- ple? said Alice, looking wistfully at the King, for she was sometimes very lonely. i tiReally, I know very few persons in the whole world. When I rush by, people think I am a puff of wind, and gather their wraps closer about them. The children run after me, thinking I am but a snow-drift blowing away. Almost no one has eyes for a fellow like me in this busy world? As he said this, the King sorrowfully picked up his staff, a big, long icicle from over the door of his palace so far away, and made ready to depart. ttPlease stop again on your way home? pleaded Alice, 10th to part with her new friend. itNever fear about that? replied that re- markable individual, as he bent over to imprint a kiss on the white forehead. Then he was 011?, calling back as he started: ttGoodebye; watch for me when the snows be- gin to melt? The little girls forehead tingled as if a snow-ball had been pressed against it, but she was very happy. While thinking of all the King had told her, she fell asleep, and dreamed she was once more playing as of old on the mountain side. One night, many weeks later, Alice heard the wind blowing very hard, just as she often had heard it during the winter. At this, her heart sank, for she knew the King would not come again till the warm days should force him to turn northward. Every moment, terrific gusts shook the house, and beat on its walls with fury. Drops of water began to fall; then faster and faster the rain came down, while the Wind increased, until mountain and valley were swept by a very tempest. In the morning there were bare places at some points in the low- lands and on the hills. Now it was time for the King to return, and, sure enough, very early, there he stood, bowing gravely to his little friend, as he leaned wearily on his staif. tiO I am so glad you have come? cried the little invalid. tWVhat makes you sad todale she added, with real concern, noting his dejec- tion. Touched by the kindly sympathyvof one who suifered so much, the King forgot his weariness as he cheerfully responded: tTm all right now. I only needed a moments rest, for I have journeyed far and fast during the night. I must hasten farther up among the mountains, where this deadly south wind doesnlt blow. Keep a sharp look out, and maybe you will see me in your valley again be- fore I go far, far away to my summer man- sion? ' l . tiO, Illl watch for you, but I do wish you could stay longer? 202 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ttSo do I, little sweetheart? he answered, kissing her twice, his heart filled with a great pity. Then away he went, moving so rapidly that he seemed never to have known fatigue. Tears came to the little girls eyes, and a great lump in her throat when she realized that the King had actually gone. Bravely she battled with her grief, consoling herself with the hope that he would soon appear again. So fair and warm were the following days that the snow disappeared entirely, except in sheltered places on the mountains. The river was filled with floating ice, and the lowlands farther down were partly Hooded. Each after- noon Alicels window could be opened wide, and the soft breezes that fanned her cheeks filled her soul with delight. Still there came dark hours-hours when intense longing for her old free life plunged her into despair, and almost overmastered her heroic little spirit. Perhaps a week of such glorious sunshine had passed when, very early one morning, Alice was awakened by the sweetest voice she had ever heard. Sometimes it was like a chorus of birds; sometimes it was like the murmur of the brook in the gorge. Closer and closer to the cottage, came the lovely creature who thus poured forth her heart in song. Before the window, she stopped, as much surprised as the beautiful child into whose wide-open, admiring eyes she looked for an instant in silence. ttDear little girl, I am glad, 0 so very glad to- find youlll cried the splendid stranger, impul- sively, kissing Alice and tenderly stroking the wan cheek, while an odor of the fields and woods filled the room. Alice knew well that her Visitor was some great person, for no one eversaw a young wo- man more wondrously fair to look on. Clad in a gown of dainty white, caught at the waist by a rose-colored girdle, about her shoulders, she wore loosely a long mantle that added much to the charm of her graceful figure. Around the ' edges of this outer garment, ran a delicate Vine, with wax-like leaves of a darker green than the silken material of the garment, bearing a pro- fusion of small pink blossoms. At her throat was a single rose, while a wreath of,buds and half-blown roses crowned her golden hair. Her eyes reflected the blue of heaven and her face, though fresh and youthful, yet wore an ex- pression infinitely thoughtful and tender. ttI am the Queen of the Southlandf said this wonderful person7 answering the question so plainly written on the face of little Alice. Far away in my palace of flowers, I spend the win- ter, but, every spring, I journey to distant northern countries? ttOh! Do you know the King of the North- land? He is a dear old man, and, if you know him, you must surely love him? ttDear child7 I have seen the King, but I fear I shall never know him? the Queen responded. Then, as Alice showed her disappointment, she added: ttThe Northland King is the most powerful of all the earth, and I respect him profoundly; but he loves only biting winds and cold, and never, never goes any place except where the ground is covered with snow. I love the warmth of spring and summer, the flowers and grass, the growing grain and singing birds. You see we do not care for the same things, and we dare not venture into any land at the same time. Some years, we have found our- selves close together, and then we have had merry times, indeed, keeping out of each others way? . Alice began to understand th the King and Queen must never meet, though it seemed strange that the bold King should fear to face so gentle a lady. ttThe King comes right up to my window? said Alice. ctHe calls me tsweethearti and kisses me just as Mother and Daddy and you do? ttOf course he does; no one can help loving you? replied the Queen, pressing her fair cheek against the faded one on the pillow. The slender little arms were thrown about her, and never in all her happy career had the Queens kind heart so overflowed with pure love. l a l THE NORMAL ADVANCE, 203 aTE-Tt-;'-::: When the Queen had gone, Alice found, on the pillow, a rose-bud. Great was the wonder of the father and mother when they saw this in her hand. They asked no questions of their little daughter, but only looked at each other in silence, unable to fathom the mystery. During the afternoon, dark patches of cloud appeared here and there, and Alice saw a few snow-Hakes borr'le through the air. Then the clouds vanished, and once more, the valley was bathed in sunshine. It was not long, however, till the whole sky was overcast. Now many flakes filled the air. All seemed to melt before reaching the earth, but Alice knew it was get- ting colder. Involuntarily, she pulled the blankets closer, shivering as she remembered the Queen of the Southland. The feathery crystals flew faster, the wind blew harder, and, greatly alarmed for the Queens safety, the little invalid raised herself as much as possible to scan the valley. Soon she caught sight of the green mantle, fluttering in the breeze, as her visitor of the morning sped fearlessly along the rivers edge. This time, she went back toward the land of sunshine and flowers, there to await the passage of the storm that pursued her down the valley. ttThere she goes! 0 there she goes!,, cried Alice, joyfully, when first her eyes fell on the fleeing Queen. Her glad outcry brought both parents to her bedside. What Alice described, it was not for them to see; but this she never knew. ttMother, Mother, see the Queen of South- . land! How the wind blows her clothing! And Daddy do look, how fast she goes, and so close to the riVer! She cant live where it is cold, and she is afraid of the snow-storm. I cant see her now. Daddy, don,t you think she will get away from danger'w The mountaineer assured the excited child that no harm would come to the Queen, and the tired head dropped back on the pillow. Outside the snow fell fast and furious. Never were fiakes so large, and it was not long until a few inches of snow, pure and fresh, covered the tender grass and clung to the twigs and branches on Which the buds were bursting forth. The clouds broke up into dark masses, which chased each other across the sky. The setting sun shone through the rifts, and trans- formed the snow-crystals into diamonds. The father and mother remained at the bed- side, deeply interested in the changing scene without. As they pondered the meaning of life that had brought them so great a sorrow and yet so unmeasurable a blessing, Alice again . pointed toward the riveryclapping her hands in glee, as she exclaimed: ttNow I see the King of the Northland! He loves cold and snow. He told me to watch for him. You can tell him by his white cap and coat and his beard like snow. Once a long time ago, he stopped at my window. It was awful cold then, and he was going southward. Just a few days ago, he came again. I wonder why he travels so slowly today. Maybe hels afraid to go very far this time? While Alice talked, the King kept on his way until he was lost to View in the distance. She never saw him again, for he passed back up the valley during the night. When he paused at the window, Alice was sleeping so peacefully that he would not waken her. Long and sadly he looked on the face of his dear little friend. Then he started on his journey to his ice-palace far, far away, promising himself that he would , return with the Iirst snowfall of winter. On the very morning after the earliest snow- storm, the King reached the cottage on the mountain side. The room, once made so at- tractive by the presence of the sweet child who had first greeted him a year before, by its emptiness, told the whole sad truth. The soul of little Alice had taken its flight. Her heroic A struggle was finished. It was only a few moments till the King stood by the little grave, not yet overgrown with sod. The winds had swept it bare, but, as the King, in his grief, bent low over it, the snow-fiakes gathered about it and above it, un- til it was folded in a protecting blanket. Long after the snows had disappeared from all other places, the little mound retained its 204 white covering. Only When, in springtime, the Queen of the Southland wept beside it, did the last of its winter protection vanish. As her tears fell on the grave of the mountain child, the melting snow formed into a tiny, white, curling cloud, which, lingering lovingly for an instant, fioated away into the upper air. Then there was a 10W, rushing sound as of the feet of many fairies. Green blades thrust themselves through the soil, and, climbing up- ward, put forth their blossoms. Every flower that little Alice knew and loved was there. All the summer, they smiled and blushed and cour- tesied to each other, as they whispered messages THE NORMAL ADVANCE of affection to the heart of the maiden Whose slumbers they guarded. To this day Alice has never been fqrgotten. Every winter, as the King journeys southward from his ice-palace far, far away in the North- winds to fold it in a blanket of snow. Every spring, as the Queen passes northward, she . pauses to weep beside that hallowed spot. While she bows in sorrow oyer the well-preserved little mound, 1113 spring such flowers as no place of all the earth can bring forth, except it be watered by the tears of the ex er young and beautiful Queen of the Southland. Striking Facts About the Philippines HARRY SMITH, i07 A thousand miles of isle-strewn sea stretch- ing fairly across the great gateway to the iOrient' and beyond; a depth of blue in sea and sky, whose beauty neither poetis pen nor paint- eris brush will ever fully tell; a world Of safely sheltered waterways Where palm-fringed beach and coral reef frame the mirrored beauties of a tropic sky; mountain ranges between pine- crowned heads and jungle-hidden feetethere grows the foliage of every zone; a climate of perpetual summer with blends of springtimeis balmy air and autumnis cooling breeze; a soil so rich and natureis products so abundant that ,twixt toil and plenty necessity has never built a bond; a people in whom the ttgenius 0f the Orientii has found its most unique expression; a civilization in which the north and the south, the east and the west meet upon terms of equal- ity, in which the Orient and the Occident stand side by side, together working out the problem of the races in peace: this is the Philippine Islands. This is the Philippine Islands, the new- old world which the United States has discovered and is developing and modernizing in Oriental Waters. Nowhere else in the world has nature built a wonderland 011 such historic lines. No- where else are found such apparent impossible combinations of interesting things. Here the quaint 01d chivalric life of Spain meets the crisp tone of America. Here the gentle mys- ticism of the East is shocked by contrast With the blunt directness 0f the West. Here in this HARRY SMITH, '07 Supervising Principal, Tagbilaran, Bohol, P. I. land of the races each race seems to have brought With it, and preserved in their most interesting form, its own peculiar character- istics. Here is a new world in which the 01d problems of the ages are being worked out under social and political conditions Which are entirely unique. 3! 3' i i land, he Visits the little grave, and causes the ' THE NORMAL ADVANCE- The someWhat common impression that the islands of the Tropics are low, swampy, and malarial nowhere finds less justification than in the Philippines. The general formation is one of high wooded mountain ranges and deep rich alluvial valleys. Here the progress of erosion, due to the heavy rains and ever present breezes 0f the Tropics, has gone to an extreme limit. As a result the lowland surface of the islands is covered with fertile fields ideally adapted to the great work of agricultural ex- periment which is being carried on by the Gov- ernment. In the mountains mineral wealth of gold, silver, copper, iron, and coal awaits de- velopment, and in the hundreds of bays and in- lets are found the treasure of the sea in an abundance and variety that makes description seem exaggeration. Climatic conditions en- countered in the Philippines are entirely satis factory. The ever present breeze; the equable temperature, seldom going below 60 degrees in high altitudes, or above 90 degrees anywhere; the short rush of water from the'mountains to the sea, forming an ideal system of natural drainage; the absence of swampy surface, all combine to produce a condition, even in the low- lands, which white men prefer, and iind most agreeable, while in the mountains is found a climate which might be either Switzerland or California at its best. The Philippines form a treasure field for the tourist of whatever class. Is he historically in- clined and interested in the quaint old things of bygone days? For him the grim, gray old walls of Manila, still bearing the scars of con- iiict with English, Chinese, and Moro invader, with gloomy caverns, and hidden passages, with sinister sunken cells and flooded dungeons, tell a story yet unknown to the Western World. For him the massive pile of old Fort Santiago, the first foothold of Spain in the Far East, stands majectic at the mouth of the mighty Pasig river, with crumbling battle- ments, which have stood at Manilais gates for three hundred years, with an exterior still beaue tiful with the art of former ages and with an interior rich with the equipments of modern 205 W utility. This old building tells still another story, a. gentler but not less interesting story of human development. Always a fort, always headquarters for military and political activ- ities; if its old walls could speak, what weird ,tales they would tell, tales of victory and de- feat, of joy and sorrow, of heroic achievement and deepest desperation; stories of statesman- ship, of intrigue, of sacrifice for country, or of self-seeking. Thus naturally it would seem that nowhere in the world is to be found a walled city that speaks so eloquently of a forgotten age, an age that played its part grandly in the scheme 'of things only to be thrust aside to make room for the progress of civilization. Into the wonderful progress of transformae tion and development which the United States has undertaken in the Philippines and which is moving forward in such a splendid manner, there has fortunately occurred none of the de- structive tendencies which usually accompany the efforts of a modern civilization to impress itself and its institutions upon an older one. Every detail of beauty or utility which Spain left in the Philippines is being taken advantage of by those who are attempting the unusual task of making an old city new and beautiful at the same time. The natural scenery of the Islands is beauti- ful beyond description. Upon every hand is encountered the truly marvelous. No possible element of beauty seems to have been left out of the picture. Here strenuous nature'has fair- ly outdone herselfin effecting bewildering and ordinarily impossible things. The lowelying, malarial, mosquito-breeding swampy jungle, so commonly associated with the word itTropicalf, is rarely found here, and in its place the moun- tains come down boldly to the sea or send ahead of them the rich soft alluvial plains. The task of doing anything like justice to the description of the mountain beauties of the Philippines would be hopeless. For, in such a world where from every mountain range and peak, the sea stands out in varying forms of beauty, where giant forces have tom the hills 206 asunder, and, along the thousand leagues of rocky coast, have fashioned gulf and bay and inlet, where natureis gorgeous colors have been spread on land and sea with such a lavish hand; in such a world the task of selecting particular features of beauty becomes bewildering. The commercial importance of the Philip- pines can hardly be over estimated. Located as they are at the logical center of the Orient, at the natural crossings of the great ocean high- ways of the East, with the untold wealth of China, Siberia, and India on the north and west, with the great rice fields of Australia to the south, and with the attention of the whole world commercially centered upon the develOp- ment and exploitation of the vast resources of these lands, the student of affairs needs only to glance at the map to be convinced that not only strategically, but comercially as well, the Philippines constitute the true key to the Ori- ental situation and form a natural center around which will move many of the important activities of the coming century. All the natural resources of the islands are generally undeveloped. Forty million acres of forest lands, containing three times as many Varieties of trees as are found in the whole United States, are as yet practically undisturb- ed, and in these lands there is always a ready market for forest products. The possibilities of agricultural development are practically un- limited. The soil is deep and rich, the climate is such as to conduce t0 splendid vegetable growth. The leading crops are rice, hemp, sugar, copra, and tobacco. Other products whose cultivation is rapidly developing are rub- ber, coffee, cacao, maguey, cassava, cotton, silk, pineapples, and dyes. The immense irrigation and transportation projects in which the government is so actively interested will, when fully developed, increase the producing possibilities of the situation many fold. There are many more projects under the care and direction of the government. This recent progress brings us measurably closer than ever THE NORMAL ADVANCE to a complete system of primary public schools. It is with a great degree of pleasure that I can refer to the Bureau of Education. ,As is gen- erally understood, the first and earliest duty im- posed upon the Bureau of Education was the organization of such a school system, adequate to give elementary instruction to the entire Christian population, and in recent years the success of school work has been measured by its approximation to this standard. The instruction in the intermediate schools has now been specialized so as to give pupils the opportunity of a training in shop work, farming, domestic science, in preparation for teaching, or for business. Such a specialization of intermediate instruction is seen to be fortun- ate. In the United States the ordinary eight yearsi public school course conducts the boy or girl to no special calling, and this is one cause at least of the great falling off from attendance in the last grades of primary school work. Secondary courses were given last year in thirty-seven schools to 1,802 students. This in- struction is at the present time given almost en- tirely by American teachers; the classes are small and the expenses are correspondingly large. The justification for secondary instruc- tion and of the expenditure it occasions is the demand for this people of trained and disciplin- ed leaders and thoroughly prepared profes- sional men. During most of last year there were about 700 American teachers on duty under regular appointment, and 120 American teachers tem- porarily employed. The experience received by an American teacher is his extensive travel of the Archipelago, his intimate association with the people, his knowledge of local administra- tion and general conditions make him an especi- ally desirable man for almost any branch of the government service, Thus we, as teachers, in coming to the Islands of the Philippines, indulge in the pleasing hope that we shall be permitted to exercise and im- prove those faculties which impart to man his THE NORMAL ADVANCE: dignity, to nourish in our hearts the flame of honorable ambition7 to cherish and indulge in those aspirations which a beneficent Creator hath implanted in every human heart; that the people of the brown race may be made suscepti- ble of equal refinement, and capable of equal 207 advancement in all that adorns and dignifies mankind. Very respectfully, F ebruary 8, 1910. HARRY M. SMITH. Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippine Islands. The Teacher and His Work: Value Given and Received EDWARD G. BAUMAN, '90 Superintendent City Schools, Mount Vernon, Indiana A proper consideration of our subject pre- supposes first of all that we must look upon , teaching as a sacred calling and a profession; that the term teacher means a person who has truly heard the call and who has taken up the work as a life taskeone who has placed him- self upon the altar of service and dedicated his life to the noblest work ever taken up by. man. No one should ever enter this field of di- vine work unless he is sure that he has the true tispirit of servicef7 No one who is not of the 44manor bornil is in a position to render to the work the true service he is expected to give. He is neither able to give full value, nor is he able to appreciate the value received. We must not consider our subject from the material standpointethat is, we are not to measure tivalue given and receivedi, in the terms of dol- lars and cents. He who enters the teaching profession ttfor revenue only? is not only a positive harm to the boys and girls entrusted to his care, but also deceives himself. For him who is looking for a goodly share of worldly possessions, whose primary purpose is to lay by an ample competence for the declining years of his life, the school has displayed con- spicuously over its portals the sign: ctDo not enter herefi If value received in the teaching profession dealt only with the material aspect, the profession would have to be placed at once in that line of work that brings the poorest re- turns. The teacher who devotes his whole mind, body and soul to his chosen workeand if he does not do this he is unworthy the name of teacher-will find that at the end of his time of'service he will have had neither time nor opportunity to provide much of a competence for his old age. Moreover, should he perchance find himself in want, the community to which he may have given his best life and service, moving along as it does in its daily rush and striving after material things, will have but EDWARD G. BAUMAN, t90 Superintendent of Schools, Mt. Vernon, Ind. We are told there is no money in teaching. Does it pay to be a teacher ? Yes, a thousand times YES. little time and inclination to heed his call for the material welfare which it owes him. It seems a cruel fate that will cause a people to permit a teacher who has served his time in giving the best he had for the welfare of such people to go about in want in his declining .1 '208 THE NORMAL ADVANCE gi years and eke out an existence as best he can. Yet, we should bear in mind that even the GREAT TEACHER found it necessary to utter the statement, ttThe foxes have holes, and the birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay his head? As a rule, the teacher who gives his life to conscien- tious teaching and devotes himself to his work to the exclusion of everything else will soon iind that itthere is no money in teaching? But the greatest value which the teacher can give is not in material things; neither is the greatest value which he receives in the form of com- mercial reward. It is the mission of the teacher to deal with the higher things in lifee t0 mete out those things that stimulate and develop the mental and spiritual make-up of the child. The things with which the teacher dealscan not be placed upon a ledger' and made to read-so many quantums of merchandise for so many dollars of money. Of course, that is no rea son why he should be given an insquicient remuneration for his services. I maintain that even from the standpoint of dollars and cents the teaching profession should hold out such flattering inducements as would attract to its field the most capable men and women our country produces. And the sooner our public awakens to a full realization andaappreciation 0f the wisdom of this fact, the sooner will it be able to command for its most important enter- prise the services of many of its most capable men and women that are now being constantly lured into other lines of work because of more flattering inducements. What are some of the things that constitute value given by the teacher in connection With his work? First of all, the teacher should give to his calh'ng a sound mind and a sound body. No person who is not blessed with a good sound mind alert to the best things that stand for mental training should ever think of enter- ing the teaching profession. No person who does not possess a sound body, protected by good habits and a proper observance of the laws of health should ever plan to enter school work. A teacher Who is affiicted With physical ailments can not be in the proper mental atti- tude. Not being in a proper mental attitude, he will be unable to bring about an atmosphere in the school room that will stimulate and foster proper mental and spiritual growth on the part of his pupils. The chief business of boys and girls is to growephysically, mentally, spiritually. This growth is conditioned by a buoyant spirit and a proper atmosphere. A cheerful attitude and a buoyant mind on the part of the teacher is best conducive to that cheerfulness and buoyancy in the school room which stimulates the greatest mind activity and development. One of the first requisites of a good teacher is good health. He owes it to himself and to his school that he guard this good health With the greatest care. He must refrain from all indulgences and habits that might interfere with his health. A lack of health means a lack of pleasure and happiness in his work. The happier the teacher, the more eiiicient will be his work. The true teacher Will give largely of cheerfulness, kindness and sympathy. These are three virtues which every teacher should possess in an abundant measure. Kindness and sympathy will reduce to a mini- mum any injustice'in dealing with pupils and in carrying out the daily work of the school. They will not make possible the air of a task- master. They Will prevent the distributing of punishments broadcast for slight offenses. They Will not permit of the use of sarcasme-always withering and always out of place. They will cause the teacher to be willing to hear any ex- planation that a child is sometimes so anxious to give in order to justify his or her own con- duct, which may have been condemned un- fairly. It is often the case in school work that the child is obliged to endure the embarrass- ment and the disgrace of a deed Which he has never committed, or for which he was not to blame. Kindness, pleasantness, gentleness and sympathy mean so much to the child that has to live in the school room atmosphere which the teacher creates. The teacher should remember that it is largely his to make 01' mar the dis- poSition of the child. ttPeople with mean na- THE NORMAL ADVANCE. tures and small' souls ought never to try to teachFi In connection with value given the teacher should give freely of thorough preparation, progressiveness and an ardent desire for self- improvement. The present law pertaining to the preparation and qualiiications of teachers as embodied in the statutes of Indiana is a step in the right direction. Although some of the conditions may seem a little severe, it must be borne in mind that the minimum wage law en- deavors to reciprocate at least in a measure from the material side of the profession. Pro- gressiveness and self-improvement should be the constant aim of every teacher. No teacher should be content with his attainments because they reach the minimum qualifications required by law. iiThe effort to add culture value to the legal standard is too often not made? To know books does not necessarily educate. ttTo be educated means not only a possession of knowledge and a well-trained mind, but it also implies qualities of heart and a proper appre- ciation of life? The teacher must remember that his function is much wider than merely to impart information. What is needed is a greater contact with daily life. Another very important item in connection with value given is honesty. The teacher who is prompted in his work by a vivid sense of honesty will at all times have the true tispirit of service? The teacher should be honest in making daily preparation for his work. He should never permit himself to stand before his class in recitation without first having made a thorough preparation of the work to be pre- sented. He should be honest in his teaching- that is, he should use every moment allotted to the recitation wisely and judiciously in further- ing the best development and training of each pupil before him. He should teach hard if he teaches at all. The honest teacher is ready at all times to give full service and more than value received to his employers. True ser- vice does not measure the length of the school day by a certain number of hours and min- utes. For the true teacher, school does not 209 necessarily begin at nine o7clock in the morn- ing and close at four oiclock in the afternoon. The length of the school day is determined by the conditions that further and promote the best welfare of his school. If such conditions mean that he should be at school as early as seven oiclock in the morning and remain as lateas six oiclock in the evening, he will be ready to meet those conditions. Honesty calls for the punctual performance and the proper discharge of duty at all times. It means that the teacher shall live up to the highest and best service he is able to give and that he shall in- spire each pupil to live up to his highest mo- tives and power. This means that the teacher should give full measure in his efforts to stimu- late and further not only the intellectual side of the pupil, but also the moral and spiritual side. It means an effort to break up bad habits on the part of pupils and the forming of good habits. It means the teaching of proper and wholesome respect for authority and the in- stilling 0f the true principles of citizenship. It means that the teacher be frank and candid in all his dealings with his pupils. That teacher is not honest with his pupils who pretends great love for them, but does not have that love; who pretends sympathy and interest in their welfare, but is at heart indifferent with regard to their proper training and education; who tries to make his pupils believe he knows every- thing; who tries to make his pupils think he has no faults and yet is guilty of habits he would not dare have his pupils know. The school room is no place for a sham. Pupils are quick to observe. Let confidence and re- spect be destroyed, and all worth and influence is at an end. We speak of unity of purpose on the part of teacher and pupils as perhaps one of the greatest powers in bringing about the best results in school work. But there can be no unity of purpose unless there exists in the school room a true sense of honesty. Honesty is the basis of all rightmoral character and never can true moral character be established unless the teacher is imbued with a keen sense of honesty. 210 THE NORMAL ADVANCE One of the greatest items that enters into value given is loveelove for the work and love for boys and girls. No teacher gives full value unless he gives abundantly of love. A teacher whose heart is filled with love is a great power for good. There are too many teachers engaged in the work of teaching who do not love the work. And therefore they are a hindrance rather than a blessing. The teacher should love his work above all other kinds of work. He must so love his work that he may put his whole soul into it and bear cheerfully all things connected with his work. He must love his pupils. Here, also there is no room for pre- tense. His love for his pupils must be true and genuine. It is then, and only then, that it will be reciprocated. The pupils love for those truer, nobler things Which shall cause him to form real character must be trained. In order that it may be trained, it must first be called forth. The teacher who is not able to call forth the pupils love may assure himself that he is not giving full value to his profession and he would better go in search of some other occupa- tion. Value given calls upon the teacher to give to his calling all the desirable traits and qualifications that enter into the making of true manhood and true womanhood. And now, what can be said with regard to value received? It has ahjeady been noted that the standpoint of dollars and cents the recom- pense is very meager. At the end of his career, the teacherls storehouse will have but a scant supply of the things of this world. In fact, many a teacher has spent the last years of his life in dire want and distress. And yet, the teacher reaps from his work reward beyond all measure. ttGrive to the world the best you have and the best will come back to yoult was never more truly spoken than in connection with the teachers life and work. The blessed privilege of taking boys and girls into his care and by daily patient, unseliish toil lead them to true manhood and noble womanhood is in itself more value received than the teacher has capa- city to enjoy. To have the satisfaction of know- ing that the world has been made better be- cause of his efforts is a magnificent item in the teachers value received. To have men and women whose lives the teacher has directed and moulded from childhood to maturity rise up and call him blessed is a reward that can not be computed in terms of dollars and cents. To see his life which he has given unselfishly and freely to his chosen work reflected daily by the lives and activitieslof those whose training he directed during their formative period is a re- compense the value of which the wealth of a Croesus can not approach. i Let those who have already entered the portals'of the school, and those Who are about to do so, well understand the true nature of the value received. If well understood, we shall go about our work With a buoyant, cheerful spirit. Let us be undaunted by the ingratitude of those who fail to appreciate our work and by the lack of material recompense which it may be our fate to endure. The Great Teacher gave His life and His all to the work before Him. He met with ingratitude and contempt Where gratitude and adoration should have been given. He was crowned with a crown of thorns When a crown of the most precious gems should have been placed upon His hallowed brow. Was there any value received? Let the untold mil- lions who now adore Him and refiect His life and teachings make reply. We are told iithere is no money in teachingW Does it pay to be a teacher? Yes, a thousand times YES. Mount Vernon, Indiana, March 10, 1910. Thinkers are as scarce as gold; but he whose thoughts embrace all his subject, pursues it un- interruptedly and fearless of consequences; he is a diamond of enormous size. --Lcwater. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 211 The Fall of Rome Theme in European History, Course IV. The expression ttfall 0f the Roman empire? presents many possibilities for discussion. It has been applied and explained in so many ways that to the student of history it has come to mean next to nothing, while to the uniniti- ated it simply stands for the vague, terrible, shape of a bogie-Inan threatening some sort of national catastrophe. On the evening of March 11, in an excellent debate we heard how the Roman empire was destroyed ,by the infiux into Roman society of the eastern races of low vi- tality and a high tenacity 0f lifeethese races largely introduced in the form of slave labor. On the evening ofsMarch 18 we heard from one orator how Rome fell because she did not main- tain a system of industrial education, and,fr01n another of the speakers on the same evening we learned that the Roman state committed sui- cide by indulging in wars, that literally eon- sumed her manhood, and left the future citizens to be the progeny of the cowards, the physically unfit, and the depraved rif-raf of the nation. This same speaker took great pains to confute the theory that Rome fell because her citizen- ship was morally unfit in the eyes of God and man to perpetuate a national existence. On April 15 two teams of debaters will, doubtless, in the course of their argument on taxation, maintain, on authority, one, that Rome fell be- cause her emperors attempted to apply the principle of income and inheritance taxes to the solution of the problem of the deficit aris- ing in the administration of the Roman gov- ernment, and the other, that Rome fell because the emperqrs failed in their attempt to apply this remedy. What does all this discussion meaneall this quarrying of modern political and social ideas and ideals from the stony structure of the Roman political and social system? First of all, it means that the material wealth of a tEdited and Abridgedl. nation does not come out of previous genera- tions nor extend beyond the generation in which it is manifested; but that the spiritual life of a nation, its habits of thought, its atti- tude towards life and the material comforts and institutions of its creation, come down to sue- ceeding ages and make for real social progress. Second, it means that through all these diverse relations of so-called cause-and-effect, in all these seemingly isolated and completeein-them- selves facts, there must be universal laws which underlie the birth, the growth, the decay, and final destruction of national life. To sum up, we have the laws of social progress containing many elements of evolution, but always char- acterized by the work of the human mind. The progress of thought is often sp'oken of as evo- lution, but this is merely figurative, because evolution is the blind and ruthless progress made by natural selection, while. social progress is the result of mental habits and traits which may be formed and reformed by the spiritual activity of men of foresight operating on the receptive minds of the masses of men. Consequently, when any sad pessimist be- gins the hopeless wail that the United States is doomed to immediate destruction 0n the same rock which wrecked the Roman state, we can- not feel depressed, because while we know that thtee are many seeming parallels between our own conditions and those in Rome, and while we believe that the same laws of society exist and operate under parallel conditions, yet we feel sure that the vigorous minds of this age shall carry our civilization far beyond the greatest development of ancient Rome, and shall leave succeeding ages a heritage, not of millionaires and trusts, but of power, skill, and determinationeall mental traitsegained in combating the influence of combining surplus productive power in an advancing civilization. 212 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ttWhen surplus energy has accumulated in such bulk as to preponderate over productive energy, it becomes the controlling social force. Thenceforward, capital is autocratic, and energy vents itself through those organizations best fitted to give expression to the power of capital. a: 3!: As the social movement of a race is accelerated, more of its energetic ma- terial is censumed, and ultimately, society ap- pears to attain a velocity at which it is unable to make good the waste. In high stages of cen- tralization, where unrestricted competition pre- vails, the loss of energy is manifested by a gradual dissipation of capital, which, at last ends in disintegration? 1 As we shall see, this is a statement of the laws which operated on Roman society during the late days of the empire in the west. Let us illustrate what we mean by the operation of natural laws on rational life. iiRapid chilling 0f the skin prevents its functioning as an eX- cretory organ. Failure of the skin to func- tion congests the lungs and kidneysR, Through the operation of these laws a cold is produced or possibly pneumonia fever is the result. itBrisk rubbing stimulates the skin to function as an excretory organ? Notice how these three laws apply to a man taking a cold bath. The first law is allowed to operate, i. e., the skin is chilled by the cold water. The operation of the second law is headed off by the will of the bather, who desires the third law to operate in its stead, i. e., the skin is stimulated by rub- bing with a coarse towel. Here, rational life, by allowing certain natural laws to operate and preventing the operation of certain others, ac- tually raises itself to a higher stage of physical and mental efficiency. We do not pretend to prove anything by this proposition. We do not mean to say that rational control will al- ways prevent the operation .of laws that may injure. We do mean to stimulate the impres- sion that through the investigation of social -conditions and social laws and the conscientious effort to adjust our modern society to these laws, we may attain a higher plane of social eHiciency. XVe do not believe that the development of the social surplus called capital is, in itself, an evil. Let society control the operation of the laws under which it lives, and the result is social progress. Let society refuse to control 'these laws, i. e., allow them to operate indis- criminately until the plutocrat controls every- thing, and the result is social decay. T0 discoyer the causes which underlie the de- cay of Roman society, then, we have but to dis- cover how the control of these natural laws was neglected, until the surplus producing forces passed from society as a whole into the hands of the selfish few whose greed and op- pression engulfed the Roman farmer. Authentic history first introduces us a Roman society made up of small farmers and warriors splebeian and patrician, to be sure but one progressive, patriotic group. But tias a remote antiquity Roman society dividedfi on a more fundamental basis, itinto creditors and debtors; as it consolidated, the power of the former in- creased, and the pressure 011 the weak aug- mented, until at last reproduction stopped, the centralized mass which reached its greatest density under the Caesars, disintegrated, and the middle ages began? 2 As early as the time of the Tarquins we find evidences of agrarian trouble. Mommsen di- vides the causes for the expulsion of the Tar- quins under three heads. He says, tcThe third movement was an equally prolific source of trouble in Roman history ;i it arose from the em- bittered relations between landholders and those who had either lost possession of their farms, or, as was the case with many small farmers, held possession at the mercy of the capitalist landlord? 3 tiUsury was originally a patrician privilege, and some of the fiercest struggles of the re- public were the attempts of the plebeians to break this monopoly? Here Adams para- phrases from Mommsen. ctThe usurer first eX- hausted a family and then sold it; and as his class fed on debt, and controlled legislation, the laws were as ingeniously contrived for creating debt, as for making it profitable when con- THE NORMAL ADVANCE 213 tracted. One characteristic device was the power given the magistrate 0f nning for oifense against order. Under this head men might in- clude any accusations they pleased and by the higher grades in the scale of lines, they might accomplish whatever they pleased. As the capitalist owned the courts and administered justice, they had the means at hand of ruining any plebeian whose property was temptingflll Usury was the cream of the tax collecting in the provinces, as well as an element in the de- struction of the small farmer in Italy. Pelham explains how whole provinces in Asia Minor were stripped of wealth, and men, women, and children sold as slaves through the terms of the tcsettlement of Sullaf and the avariciousness of the tax collectors and money lenders. The possibilities in commercial oppression shown here developed in Rome a habit of thought that was destructive to social progress. As is seen in the case of Appius Claudius, there grew up in Roman society hundreds of men with the martial instinct undeveloped, and only concerned in commercial affairs. Thus does any practice in society, good or bad, influence the individuals making up the society. In the progress of affairs at Rome we see only a few incidents which indicate that the people made any headway at all in their strug- gle against capitalism. The progress they seemed to make at these times was more than lost in the few years following. The Licinian laws provided for the re-distribution of public land, 1. e., the present holders were to be re- stricted to 300 acres, and sons of present hold- ers to 150 acres each, and the remainder was to be distributed to the landless poor in 5-acre lots. These laws also provided for the liquida- tion of debts by allowing interest already paid to be applied on the principal, and the balance to be made into three annual payments; they also previded that at least half of the labor on each great estate should be free. It is doubt- ful, though, if this law was ever obeyed beyond the few years immediately following its pass- age and at the time it was revised by the Gracchi brothers. These laws and others of similar nature are the chief indicators of the economic forces operating to submerge the Roman state. Of course, competition between free Italian laborers became very sharp; and, as wealth was amassed by the strongest members of society, the poor were actually pauperized. ttAs early as the Marcian war, 90 B. C., Lucius Marcius Philippus estimated that there were only two thousand wealthy families among the burgesses. In about 300 years nature had culled a pure plutocracy from what had 'been originally an essentially martial racefm Let us look back. The wealth of the nation had passed from the people into the hands of the few. The administration of the govern- ment had passed from the hands of the people into the hands of the few. There was untold physical suifering among the masses. The time was ripe for the appearance of a Caesar. The people had to hnd a friend, or the state would have perished at once. So in the cen- tury following 90 B. 0. came J ulius and Angus- tus Caesar. The immediate physical need of the populace was supplied by ttbread and the i circus? and surplus wealth was left to increase its surpluses. Under Augustus the forces which destroyed the empire were perfected. The peo- ple ceased to question or struggle, and progress was at an end. The remainder of the history of the empire is merely the account of the dis- integration. Let us illustrate what we mean with examples from the government of the later emperors. It was during the reign of Caracalla that the Roman government first began to feel the need of greater revenues than it seemed possible un- der the old system to collect. Therefore, Cara- calla sought to extend the application of the inheritance tax. But the capitalistic land- holders in the provinces were by this time too strong for even the imperial power. They simply refused to pay. uA careful study of the Code will reveal the truth and correct many a popular and anti- quated misconception of the great event. It will reveal the fact that, long before the inva- sions of the reign of Honorius, the fabric of Roman society and administration was honey- 214 combed by moral and economic vices which made the belief in the eternity of the empire a delusion. :k 1: 5: The decay of the middle class, the aggrandizement of the aristocracy, and the defiant tyranny and veniality of the tax gathererethese are the ominous facts to which almost every page of the Code bears witness. ttAny one who wishes to understand the meaning of the great social catastrophe of the fifth century must fix his attention on the con- dition and distribution of landed property, and the classes who possessed it? 6 for the unsettled conditions of the times made the accumulation of wealth in commerce impractical. The great middle class in Roman society of this period which the action of the forces tend- ed to destroy were the curial class. ' ttThe curiales were responsible for the col- lection of taxes on landed property, and if the assessments in their district were not fully paid, they had to make good the deficit to the treas- ury. Now there is ample evidence that the tax- , bearing acreage in the end of the fourth cen- tury and the beginning of the fifth was rapidly contracting. :k a: :3 The later edicts frankly admit that over large areas the resources of the landed taxpayers were exhausted. t $ t In the meantime the expense of government was growing, and owing to the absence of float- ing capital, the government could not, as in modern times, throw part of its burdens on posterity by creating a public debt. 3: at :k Nor should it be forgotten, in forming an esti- mate of the curiaPs economic condition that in the fifth century that there was an increase in price of gold. The ratio between gold and silver increased from fourteen and one-half to one to eighteen to one in half a century, and taxes were required to be paid a large per cent in gold. Thus, while the demands of the gov- ernment were daily increasing, the income of the small farmer from his produce was decreas- ing. Here we touch the chief economic cause of the destruction of the curiales. He was liable personally for any deiicit in the taxes in his district. The returns were certainly diminish- ing; the governments demands inexorable. The THE NORMAL ADVANCE mass of the curiales were themselves small land holders who were unable to compete with the owners of great estates cultivated by the labor of slaves and coloni. The land was, as a rule, their only source of income. As the land be- came less productive, While the burdens of their positions became heavier, the weaker curiales must either fly from his municipality, or he must obtain temporary relief, on Whatever terms, from the only capitalist to whom he could apply, the neighboring large proprietor. This absorption of the smaller by the greater land owners, and the growing power of the latter, is by far the most interesting and im- portant feature in the transition of society from the despotism of the Lower Empire to the regime of the feudal lord? 7 Regardless of whether we have proved the laws which we now wish to state, or not, by the examples and authorities cited, we beg for them, not acceptance, but consideration and study. The labor of society results in a surplus call- ed capital. This surplus producing force naturally falls into the hands of the strongest members of society. As civilization advances, this capital faces the law of diminishing re- turns. This law tends to force the smaller col- lections of capital to attach themselves to the greatest collection, or be desroyed. Destruc- tion lessens the amount of taxable property. Society may succeed or may fail to appropriate a sufficient part of the surplus for its maintain- ence. Roman society, by its very nature, failed to appropriate any part of the surplus for the public good. Consequently, the state disap- peared and the feudal life of the middle ages began. 1 Brooks AdamsettLaW of Civilization and Decay ep. viii. 2 Brooks Adams-ttLaw of Civilization and Decay. -p. 1. 3 MommsenettHistory of Rome tabridgedy p. 40, chap. vi. 4 Brooks AdamsettLaw of Civilization and Decay. -p. 2 and p. 4. 5 Brooks AdamsettLaws of Civilization and Decay. 6 Samuel DillettRoman Society in Last Century of Western Empire. -p. 204-205. 7 Dillep. 216. WWW wens, Commencement Number THE NORMAL ADVANCE 215 The Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF . . Editor-in-Chief Associate Editor WM. L. CONNOR WALDO F. MITCHELLZ ......... i . ERNEST L. WELBORN - - ...... Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ------ . - . . - - Society Editor JESSE WOOD ................... Athletic Editor W. R. VALENTINE ............ HARRY HOWICK ............. CHLOE HOUGHTON ------ - . Senior Editor ............................ J uniox- Editor CLYDE SHAW - - - . . - ........ Sophomore Editor ........................... Freshman Editor HELEN Ross - - . ------------- College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF CALVIN H. PFINGST ................ Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS -------------- Advertising Managers ADAM Bowuss CLYDE SHOW i Local and Alumni Editors . - Circulation Manager BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ez-Ojicio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM, WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0.. Secretary WM. H. CAIN, '10. OSCAR SCHOPMEYER. '11 WM. UNVERFETH, 12 Published monthly from October to J une, inclusive. Terms ................. $1.00 per Year Single Copies . - . ----- - - - - - u 15 Cents ............... 35 Cents Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE, Terre Haute, Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify THE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates. are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terra Haute post omce as second class mail matter. The proof of the article in March issue en-i titled itFixation of Nitrogen? was not sub- mitted to the author for revision, consequently the article slipped through with several quota- tion marks missing. Our attention was called to this by the author, and we wish' to correct it by this statement. THE OEATORIOAL AND DEBATING LEAGUE. Our school is manifesting a healthy interest in puinc speaking these days; and this year, our Oratorical and Debating League is enter- ing three inter-normal contests. We will be represented at the State Oratorical Contest by Cecil Kibbey; we will contest With the Normal at Athens, OhioeMiss Engling Will represent the oratorical talent of this school there; and last, but 'not least, Messrs. Mitchell, Cain, Henry, and Huiford will debate with the team representing Normal, Illinois. Last year all our inter-normal contests were won. Our men are equally capable this year, and they, with Prof. Bacon 0f the department of reading and public speaking, are working in a way that in- dicates victory again. The whole school should interest itself in this form of inter-normal con- tests as being instructive and indicative of the scholarship in the contesting schools. 17.111. AND Y. W. 0.A. The Young Menis and Young .Womenis Christian Associations with their social and devotional work represent the religious life of the student body. This is a phase of his life that the young student coming into a strange environment is most apt, for a time, to lose sight of. We do not believe that it should be neglected, and we do believe that the Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. is the best place to keep it alive. ' ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION. The Athletic Association presents the great- est opportunity in the school for out-dooi' sports. The new Parsons Athletic Field is located at Second street and Vandalia railroad, and is just a few minutes walk from the build- ing. Here tennis courts are laid out, a quarter mile cinder track, and a baseball diamond. Membership to the Athletic Association per- mits free use Of these tennis courts and free ad- mission to all inter-collegiate athletic events, as well as the class games. This is quite a sav- ing for students interested in any form of athletics. Besides, people preparing to teach who are not interested in athletics now, should cultivate this interest, for the teacher must deal with live children interested in every out-door game and demanding sympathetic interest in their amusement. The time is approaching when the ANNIVER- SARY NUMBER 0f the ADVANCE must go to press. 216 Classes, sections, and other societies and or- ganizations should decide at once What pictures are to appear and hand them in as soon as made. On account of the increased volume of business done by our printers, it is more im- portant than usual that the big number be. begun early. We shall be thankful for the co- operation of every student in this matter. RESPONSIBILITY. That the teacher is burdened with responsi- bilities not his own is the opinion of State Supt. Robt. J . Aley as expressed in a chapel talk at I. S. N. Friday morning, March 25. His idea was that the teacher should hold himself re- sponsible for teaching the branches of study in the best and most thorough manner; but that he should not hold himself responsible for the poor citizenship excited by corrupt business practices, misdirected and ineffectual service on the part of the church, or neglect in the family. THE NORMAL ADVANCE In general, his plea was that the teacher should make business, the professions, the family, and other phases of society fairly share the burden of responsibility for good citizenship. We be- lieve that Dr. Aley struck a great abuse 1n this short address and impressed his hearers with an important phase of teachers3 work. CLASS DAY. Tuesday evening, J une 21, has been set apart by the faculty and accepted by the members of the Senior class as the time When they shall take the initiative in the festivities 0f ANNI- VERSARY WEEK. Each member of the graduat- ing class of 1910 should endeavor to make this part of the celebration worthy of what bids fair to be the largest graduating class in the history of the Indiana State Normal School. In other words, each member of the CLASS, 10 should attend every meeting of the class, and loyally support any action of the majority. QUITE DRY ENOUGH. Each Sunday the parson rode three miles to church. On this particular Sunday it was rain- ing very hard. He rode the distance on horse- back and, when he reached the church, was soaking wet. Several of the good old sisters Who were there early placed a chair before the tire for him and hung his wet coat up to dry. iiI am so afraid that I wont be dry enough to preach, ,i he said. tiOhW said one of the sisters, ttwhen you get in the pulpit and start preaching you will be dry enoug W eThe Circle Magazine. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 217 Of Special Interest Miss Edith Hamilton, who has been pro- fessor of physical training for women the past two years, has resigned her position. Miss Edith A. Bailey of Wellsboro, Pa., was elected to succeed her. Miss Bailey is a young woman of extended education and fine attainments. She has been a student at Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa.; she has spent two years at Cornell University, and graduated from Lake Forest College at Lake Forest, Illinois. She has worked two years in Posse Gymnasium, Boston, and completed the course of study in theory and practice of physical training in that institution. .Her experience has proven her to be very eHicient and successful. Miss J essie Montgomery reports that She has recovered her health, and she is to resume her work as instructor of the seventh and eighth grades in the training school. Mr. Winkler was the very efficient instructor in these grades during the winter term. The College Course is rapidly growing and bids fair to become the most prominent course in the school. Last year this school conferred the A. B. degree on seven candidates. This year thirteen candidates are already on the graduat- ing list for the College Course. They are Marion Alice Barbour, Wm. T. Barbre, Edith M. Bader, Wm. E. Best, Bertha Dodson, Eleanor C. J ones, Ruth King, Helen Ross, Lois A. Rutledge, E. M. Servies, Ruby M. VVeills, Laura Ellis, and Mattie J ohnson. The spring term will probably develop several other can- didates for the degree. Thus the College Course is justifying its existence. While we find advanced courses in other state normal schools dying out for lack of students, our own College Course is growing, and proving the excellent judgment of the men who introduced and are managing it in spite of the experience of these other states along similar lines. In observation classes in the training school the students are sometimes asked to assume the attitude of the Visitirig parent or guardian of some particular child and criticize the work of the school. Some time ago the following criti- cism was read in the discussion which followed observation and recommended to the ADVANCE: ttNOTES ON ELLWOOD AND THE SCHOOL? ii iProgress! manis distinctive mark alone, Not Godis, not the beasts? God is, they are, Man partly is and wholly hopes to be? i ciI am pleased to have my son studying under a teacher who recognizes the law of race pro- gress. Even the spelling lesson followed this great law. The Latin derivatives of the words in the lesson were given a prominent place in the recitation, thus the pupils were living over the language activity of the race. The last bell has rung, but let me say that I am glad my son is on the stream of progress flowing out of the ages, into that eternity where man cwholly hopes to be; and passing, in its mighty course, through the Indiana State Normal School? This paper was signed by the timake-believeii father of Ellwood. As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe, so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated. e-Homce Mann. 218 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ATHLETICS 1 BASEBALL. Baseball opened with a rush at Normal when the spring term opened. At the first call for practice on Saturday afternoon, April 2, some- thing like twenty men reported to Manager Wood and were given a good workout. This was a good showing, considering that many of the boys were busy registering for the terms work. Some old Varsity stars that the spring term brings are Wright, McReynolds, and pos- sibly Skeeter. Class teams are being organized, and a series of class games will be played during the first week of school, the first one taking place Wed- nesday afternoon, April 6, between the Seniors and Sophomores. A winning team is assured i this year. Pitcher Bemis of the ttTots,i has been engaged to coach the boys and will begin his work Monday afternoon, April 11. The following is the probable schedule: April 22-Brad1ey Polytechnic, at Terre Haute April QBeHanover, at Terre Haute. April 28-Butler, at Indianapolis. April 29eHanover, at Hanover. April 30eCentral Normal College, at Danville. May 7eRose Poly, at Rose Campus. May 13--But1er, at Terre Haute. May 14-E. I. S. N., at Charleston, 111. May 27 -Bradley Polytechnic, at Peoria, Ill. May 28-R0se Poly, at Parsons Field. J une 4eCentral Normal College, at Terre Haute. J une 11--E. I. S. N., at Terre Haute. J une 20-A1umni, at Parsons Field. TRACK. On Thursday afternoon, March 19, the Sophs won the inter-class track meet. The Seniors did not compete in this event and the Sophs finished with 47 points as against 33 for the Juniors, and one lone tally for the College Course. Bird, of the Sophomore7s, led in in- dividual points, scoring 19, while Bowles and Bass of the J uniors, were close contenders for the honor with 15 and 13 points, respectively. Bird was pushed hard by Bash for first in the 20 yard dash, and the result was doubtful in ' the eyes of some of the spectators. This work- out was only a preliminary affair, but shows the abundance of material in the field for track athletics. A USEFUL REMEDY. Little Jamie, aged three, was playing with his little friend, Jack. At the time J amie chanced to have a rather heavy cold and was sneezing quite often. J ackis mother heard him several times and sympathetically asked: thy Jamie, what a cold you have! mother give you anything for itW Jamie very respectfully answered, 3 3, ma am, Doesn1t your 3 Yes, ttshe give me a clean handkerchief;7 whereupon he produced the prescribed tfremedyfi eThe Delineatmn THE NORMAL ADVANCE 219 LITERARY CLUBS FORUM. On March 12th the F orum held a banquet at the Terre Haute House. The affair was made as informal as possible, although several inter- esting toasts were given. The boys present were either active or graduate members, and some were out of town boys who came in to be with the ttbunchii again. The guests were Misses Burba, Runyan, Cole, Burnam, Connor, Wright, Field, Woody, Waller, Feree, Bick- hart, Cross, and Prof. Hyde. The hosts were Messrs. OiNeal, Henry, Troth, J ared, J ohnson, Wood, Spencer, V olker, Field, Davis, and Stalcup. ' With the opening of the spring term, the boys will put on their spring tthinkingt bon- nets, and take up the work with renewed vigor. Many old members will be back, and every one is eager to welcome them. 01 OERONIAN . Among the members of the society who spent the spring vacation at home were Messrs. Cain, Haigerty, Winkler, Hufford, Welborn, Row, Shaw, and- Grants. Mr. Sheuman took the mumps while he was at home. Mr. Howick Visited Mr. Row at Clay City, and Messrs. Pfingst and Whitaker remained in Terre Haute. The society is glad to have Mr. Winkler back as an active member after a successful term as critic teacher in the training school during the temporary absence of Miss Montgomery. Mr. Ernest Unverferth, an associate member, will be assistant in mathematics during the spring term. The society continues its interest in debating work, and it enters upon the-spring term en- thusiastic over the Ciceronian-Daedalian de- bate, which takes place April 15. DAEDALIANJ The Daedalian Debating Society enters upon the new term with all the members of last term except Mr. Hunter in school. Also several of the boys who have been out since last spring have returned. These are J M Eddy, P. M. Watson, L. C. Campbell, J. W. Kane, T. G. Parker, C. E. Limp, and Jno. C. Corn. En- thusiasm abounds, and it is the ambition of the members to make the work of the spring term a fitting crown for a year of sincere effort in the work of the society. Before the close of the winter term the fol- lowing officers were elected for the ensuing term: President, H. C. Milholland; vice-presi- dent, G. R. Summers; secretary, Wm. Tennell; . . treasurer, O. G. Lidikay, Chaplain, P. M. Wat- son; parliamentarian, E. M. Servies; sergeant- at-arms, G. M. Sharp; janitor, B. 0. Wells. The newly elected officers showed their appre- ciation of the honor conferred upon them by responding with fitting speeches. The Inter-Society Debate, to be held April 15, is the drawing card at present. W. F. Mitchell, T. G. Parker, and L. C. Campbell will represent the Daedalian Society in debating the income tax question with the Ciceronian team. The Daedalians uphold the negative of the question. THE OBATOBIOAL CONTEST. The second annual oratorical contest was held in Normal Hall Friday evening, March 18. First honors were awarded to Cecil A. Kibbey; Miss Emma Engling won second honors; and William E. Best received the third position. This decision entitles Mr. Kibbey to represent the Indiana State N ormal in the in- ter-collegiate state oratorical contest to be held 220 at Wabash college, April 15; and Miss Engling to represent I. S. N. in the inter-state'oratorical contest which is to be held at Athens, Ohio. The school has much confidence in these repre- sentatives and believes that .they will make every possible effort to win for I. S. N. and themselves first honors in these contests. There were six contestants in the field, many of them dwelling upon subjects whose underly- ing thought was a plea for peace. Mr. Kibbey spoke on ttThe Economic Fallacies of War? Miss Engling, ttEconomy of Peace? Mr. Best, ttThe Life of Service? Miss Bennett, ccIndus- trial Education? Mr. Stalcup, tiThe Hero of a Lost Cause? and Mr. Connor, ttLeo Tolstoy: Prophet of Peace? The orations were all well prepared and well rendered. Other numbers on the program of the even- ing were: Vocal solo by Master Malcolm Scott, and music by the Normal Boys, Quartette con sisting of Messrs. Lidikay, Clayton, Mitchell and Pfingst. Each number on the program brought generous applause from the very ap- preciative audience. THE NORMAL ADVANCE The judges on thought were Prof. A. A. Faurot of the Rose Polytechnic, Hon. S. M. Reynolds of this city, and Prof. B. A. Ogden of the Wiley High School. The judges on de- livery were Mr. Max Ehrmann, Dr. J . R. tYung, and Rev. Curtis Talmedge. PHILOMATHEAN. The Philomathean Literary Society is con- templating a very interesting termls work. The discussion of current events last term proved so profitable that they will be continued through this term. Much attention will be paid to parliamentary drill with the purpose in view of having a general debate at the end of the term. The greatest part of the work, however, will be the study of a few representative writers of the present day. The otlicers elected for this term are: Presie dent, Margaret Hardie; Vice-president, Amelia Peters; secretary, Elizabeth Underwood; treas- urer, Bertha E. Dodson; parliamentarian, Blanche Rinehart; historian, Clhoe Siner. Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. Y. W . 0. A. The Y. W. C. A. has just closed a very active and helpful termis work and is looking forward to the re-enforcements of the spring term. We who have so much enjoyed the meetings hope that every girl who enters for the spring term will help us with her presence at the weekly meetings held each Tuesday at 3:30 in the Association room. We need your help and are ready and anxious to help you in any way we may be able. i The term reception, which offers such an ex- cellent opportunity to get acquainted, will be held on Friday evening, April 8th, following the Lucine F inch entertainment. Every girl in school is most cordially invited to attend this reception. The Association house at 414 North Sixth street, is open to all the girls in school, and we hope that each one will feel free to use it often. The Association has arranged for classes in mission and Bible study in the various churches of the city. These classes will be held during the Sunday school hour and will be taught by competent leaders. There will be a variety of subjects offered and you will be given opportunity to study in the branch which is most interesting to you. The officers are: President ...................... Etta Walter Vice-President ................ Mae Brooking Secretary ................... Phoebe Garman Treasurer ................. Chloe Houghton The following committees are now serving: Bible Study .................. Bertha Dodson Mission Studye Foreign .................... Lois Rutledge i Home .................. Nellie Haberstich THE NORMAL ADVANCE 221 W Finance .................. Blanche Rinehart Membership .................. Mae Brooking Social ....................... Minnie Parson Intercollegiate ..................... Iris Fish Corresponding Secretary ...... Amelia Peters Religious Meetings .......... Margaret Hardie Calling ...................... Emma Dwight Y. M. 0. A. During the past month the Y. M. C. A. has enjoyed some very interesting and helpful meetings. On March 15, Pres. Parsons gave a very inspiring talk on the picture, ttThe Last Supper? which he presented to the Association a number of years ago. The Rev. Mr. Tullis gave a very practical talk to the men on March 22. Any man who misses these Tuesday after- noon meetings misses one of the most helpful parts of the weeks program. The Association will hold the religious meet- ings in the Association room at 3 :30 on Tues- days. Three or four courses in Bible study will be organized for the term. The classes will meet on Sunday morning, and are to accommo- date those people who prefer to follow a defi- nite course rather than take up the Sunday school work. It is hoped that a large number of men may take advantage of these courses. SOCIETY WOMAZWS LEA GUE. The Myosotis and Le Ceygjas chapters enter- tained the members of the League and the members of the faculty and their wives with a tea in the Association rooms, Friday evening, March 18, at 3:30 o,clock. An enjoyable pro- gram of piano music and readings was given by Miss Emily Justice and Miss Fife. The rooms were decorated with college pennants, and the lights were hooded in green. Tea, wafers and green mints were served in the Faculty room, which was decorated in the pen- nants 0f the two sections. The Misses Tichenor and Engibous, the leaders of the two sections, poured tea. The table was decorated with a crystal vase of narcissus, and candles in silver candle sticks. ALPHA Misses Lucy Belle Settle, Mildred Stults, Bernice Bowlby, and Ruby Weills entertained the Alphas on Friday night7 March 11, at the home of Miss Arpy Curry. Life books were made and later delicious refreshments were served. Mrs. J . B. XVisely entertained the Alphas on Saturday, 'March 12, With a very delightful party. Mrs. Francis Stalker read a paper on the life of Robert Louis Stevenson which was greatly enjoyed. The Alpha color was carried out in the decorations and refreshments. The guests besides the active Alphas included all the former Alphas living in the city, and Mrs. L. J . Rettger, Mrs. Cephas Guillet, Mrs. Arthur Cunningham, Misses Laura Minturn, Telulah Robinson, Alice Woody, Anna Clippinger, Lois Rutledge and Minnie Hill. Miss Edith Hamilton entertained the Alphas with a uHobby Party? Saturday afternoon, March 19, at the home of Miss Arpy Curry. Miss Lucy Belle Settle won the prize, an Irish shamrock, for having the best represented hobby. Miss Lucy Woody won a book ttIrish Toastst in a magazine contest. The guests be- sides active members were Miss Swihart, Mrs. J . B. Wisely, Mrs. Wright, and Ruth Ralston of Brazil. KAPPA. The Kappas were delightfully entertained with a Winter picnic on the 19th of March by the Misses Blanche Beckes, Glenn Scott and 222 Myrtle Kitchell at 121 N. Seventh street. The Omega degree was given to Misses Mary Lynch, Lillian Whitehead, Edith Horton, Phyllis Hess; Grace Roush. After games a most enjoyable lunch was spread and everyone ate all she wanted for once. The Kappas arrived early and are hard at work to arrange their new home at 428 North Center street. The old 'Kappas who are here are: Misses Alice Bullington, Katherine Kehrer, Addie Beeler, Mabel Straughn. A theater party was given at the Grand to John Drew for the guests who spent the week end at the new Kappa home. The guests were: Misses Blanche Trueblood, Elsie Kirchhoff, Mamie Meyer7 Ora Presnell, Eva Davis and . Lydia Grabbe. Misses Edna Kirchhoff, Edith Horton, Graces Roush, Mary Lynch, Lillian Whitehead and Phyllis Hess will not be here for the spring term. LLAMARADA. On the evening of Tuesday, March 22, the second degree of Llamaradaism was conferred upon seven girls. The candidates were glad when the ordeal was over, and are now look- ing forward to the time when they can act as a guide to others along the same road. . The lastbusiness meeting of the winter term was held at the Llamarada house on the after- noon of March 19. After the business was at- tended to, the girls spent some time in a social way. The chapter has planned a number of things for the spring term. They are welcoming back for the spring term Nellie Pa'ul, Fern Col- glazier and Minta Hedden, all of whom have been teaching. Gladys Toole and Maude Jones, who were in school in the fall and win- ter, will spend the spring at their homes. The term opens with bright prospects for the chapter; there are eighteen active members. a The Chapter House is at 527 North Sixth street and the girls are chaperoned by Mrs.- Laura Rogers. THE NORMAL ADVANCE Miss Anna Paul was a guest of the Llama- ra'das April 2, 3 and 4. Miss Elsie Cass, 707, was a guest at the Llamarada House, March 19. LE OEYGJAS. ' The Le Ceygjas held a business meeting on the evening of March 24. The following officers were elected for the spring term: President, Maude Ringo; Vice-president, Cora Anderson; secretary, Emma Ingling; treasurer, Virgie J enkins. A porch party followed the business meeting and delightful refreshments were served. Misses McCord, Davis, Feuerstein and Jen- kins have returned to Normal. Miss Grace Colglazier is out of school this ' term. ' Misses Terrell and Milhous of Bridgeport visited Emma Ingling at the close of the win- ter term. MYOSOTIS. The Myosotis girls who live in Terre Haute spent Tuesday of vacation at the beautiful country home of Miss Laura Rollings, east of the city. The trip was made on the 8 :30 inter- urban, and the day was spent in gathering wild flowers. As the day was so warm, the picnic lunch was served in the woods. The girls who attended the picnic besides the hostess, were the Misses Annalee Shortridge, Helen Sale, Cecilia Black, Norma Failing, Min- nie Rollings, and Mary McBe'th. The Misses Mabel Kellar and Edna Kirk- patrick are in school this term', after an absence of two terms. MU ZETA. Mrs. Waterman of 1614 North Seventh street, entertained the Mu Zeta girls Saturday, March 5th. The composer for the afternoons study was Schumann,.and a very delightful program was arranged. Miss Emma Dwight gave an interesting sketch of his life, Miss Clippinger THE NORMAL ADVANCE 223 W and Mrs. Waterman gave several of the piano numbers, and Miss Longman sang ttThe Two Grenadiersb in a most pleasing manner. Games which tested the musical knowledge of the girls were enjoyed by all. Miss Helen Froeb was hostess for the after- noon Saturday, March 19. Miss Clippinger gave a Beethoven program in a very instructive way. After this the girls enjoyed an impromptu program given by the different members of the chapter. Many of the members who have not been in school this year are expected this term. Among them are Elizabeth Ellis, Margery Leasure, Minnie Kaufman, Iva Rhyan, Lennie Engle- man, and Cora DeWeese. PSI THETA. On Friday evening, March 11, at the home of Miss Blanche J ohnson, the Psi Theta enter- tained in-honor of ttPatW The refreshments, decorations and program were arranged to harmonize with the taste of the ttguest? The little Irishman discovered his Emerald Isle friends in various ways. Some distinguished themselves in producing their ideas of Pat and his wife from a stick of ttPepsinll and clothes pins and green paper. Perhaps more disclosed their nationality in the ttIrish Spoonll than in any other way. The future of each person was'decided by' kissing the Blarney Stone. Some accepted their fate joyfully, while others turned away with heavy hearts. However, all this was forgotten when they engaged in a general ttTay Drinkin?7 Following this the party dispersed hoping to meet ttPatll again next year. This was the closing event for the winter term. The section will be much larger this term as many old members have returned. A meeting was called Wednesday, April 4, to re- new acquaintances and to make preparations for the terms work. i SOPHOMORE. All Sophomores meet in Room 17 Tuesday evening at 3:30 to elect the class officers for the spring term. The following officers are to be selected: President, Vice-president, secre- tary, treasurer, and class artist. All are urged to be present as the success of the class depends upon a proper beginning and a capable set of oHicers as leaders. Mr. Hunter, who was presi- dent last term, is not in school this term, so the meeting was called by Vice-president Howick in consultation with other oflicers of the class. JUNIORS. President Bass will call a meeting of the J uniors Friday, April 15 at 7 olclock in the As- sociation rooms. A short program will be rendered after which the oHicers for the ensu- ing term will be elected. All loyal Juniors should be present. WH Y ? , Why is it that people sit t-h-i-s w-a-y In the car we miss, And in the car we finally catch Are crowdedlikethis ? eLippz'ncotfs. 224 THE NORMAL ADVANCE LOCAL and ALUMNI ' Mr. G. W. Youngblood was recently chosen from among a number of applicants for the position as principal of the Huntingburg High School. a Miss Anna Paul, i09, who has been teaching in Indianapolis, Visited some I. S. N. friends Saturday and Sunday. Mr. Ernest Unverferth will assist in mathe- matics in Room 48 this term. Mr. Unverferth graduated from I. S. N. at the close of fall term. Prof. Baxter visited Mr. Shorling at Ann Arbor during vacation. Mr. William Shewman enjoyed the mumps during vacation. Mr. P. M. Watson, 309, principal at Pimento, has entered school to take up the college work. Misses Ora Presnell, Eva Davis, Ethel Dixon, Elsie Kirchhoff, Edith Presnell, Blanche Trueblood, and Letha Miller, former students from Vincennes, stopped over on the way home from the State Teachersi Association, which was held at Indianapolis during vacation. Mr. Samuel Hilderbrand, ,08, who has been working in the Field Museum at Chicago, has entered school to finish his college work. Mr. W. O. Winkler, who has been teaching in the training school, is again with us as a stu- dent. Miss Montgomery, a teacher in the training school, who was compelled to give up her work on account of poor health, for the Winter term, is now able to carry on her work. Prof. Bacon Visited several places in the northern part of the state during vacation. Mr. Haney, who was forced to quit work on account of the measles, is back in school. Mr. Whitaker, Who was operated on a few weeks ago for appendicitis, is back in school feeling strong as ever. Miss Lucine Finch, the delightful little reader of folk-lore and dialect sketches, will appear in Normal Hall on the evening of April 8, 1910. All who can should hear her. Mr. Robert Clark called on I. S. N. friends 'March 30. Supt. Robert J . Aley conducted the chapel exercises March 25. Mr. J oseph Teder, 909, who has been teaching at Hazelton, has returned to I. S. N. for the spring term. Miss Edith Blaydes, 908, is assisting in the department of English grammar and composi- tion. Miss Vognild of Chicago is assisting in the department of reading and public speaking. President Parsons read to the new students in chapel Monday morning from Dr. Frank McMurray,s itHow to Study? Miss Edith Bader, C. C., i10, is assisting in the department of methods this term. The Pottenger brothers called on friends at Plainfield during vacation. Mr. Austin W. Inman is teaching history this term. ' Mr. William Edington, C. C., 709, was at I. 4 S. N. Visitor April 2. Delightful is the return of spring; happy the eyes that look on her in her beauteous drapery; happy the ears that hear her joyous sounds; . beautiful is earth, reviving is the air, pleasant is theslight. -La7imbee. 'and flower. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 225 Wit and Humor For 10, the winter is past; the flowers appear on earth; the time of the singing of birds is come, and the voice of the turtle dove is heard in our land. It will soon be when spring unlocks the 110w- ers to paint the laughing soil. s11 6667 . It is inspiring and animating to witness the first awakening of spring; to feel its warm breath stealing over the senses; to see the moist mellow earth beginning to put forth the green sprout and tender blade; and the trees and shrubs, in their reviving tints and bursting buds, giving the promise of returning foliage e-W. Irving. At an examination of the College of Sur- geons, a candidate was asked by Abernethy: ttWhat would you do if a man was blown up by powderW 4tWait till he came downf he coolly replied. tiTruef7 replied Abernethy. tiAnd suppose I should kick you for such an impertinent reply, what muscles would I put in motion? iiThe flexors and extensors of my arm, for I should knock you down immediate- lyfi The candidate received his diploma. -Emckange. The Bishop of Wurtsburg once asked a sprightly little shepherd boy, ccWhat are you doing here, my lad ?,i ttTending swine? ttHow much do you getiw One florin a week? ttI am also a shepherd? continued the Bishop, iibut I get much more pay? ttThen I suppose you have more swine under your care? inno- cently replied the boy. sEmchange. Answer It.-A Boston woman, said Mr. Bliss Carman at a dinner in New York, once asked Lowell to write in her autograph album, and the poet, complying, wrote the line, iiWhat is so rare as a day in J uneV Calling at this wo- manis house a few days later, Lowell idly turn- ed the pages of the album till he came to his own autograph. Beneath it was written in a childish scrawl, tiA Chinaman with whiskers? eWashington Star. RANK IN KENTUCKY. ttYes, sirfi said the Kentuckian, as they sat by the stove, ttyou can tell a man7s rank in this state thusly: if you see a man with his feet on top of the stove hes a general; if his feet are on that rail about half-way up, hes a colonel, and if he keeps them on the floor, hes a major? uAh, yes? said his companion; iithatis good as far as it goes; but how are you going to dis- tinguish a captain or lieutenantw itStranger, we donit go no lower than major in Kentucky? slippincottis Magazine. OUR QUEER LANGUAGE. When the English tongue we speak Why is ttbreakt not rhymed with iifreak?7 Will you tell me why its true We say ttsewj, but likewise gtfeww And the maker of a verse t Can not cap his ithorseh with ?tworse?7 ttBreadi, sounds not the same as iiheardf, ttCordii is different from iiwordf tiCow,7 is cow, but ttlowii is low; tiShoei7 is never rhymed with ctfoe?7 Think of iihoseia and 4idoseii and itlosef And of ttgooseiisand yet of tichoose?7 Think of ttcomb,i and tttombii and tibombf 4iDolPi and iirollji and 4thomei, and iisomeW ,And since tipayii is rhymed with iisay? Why not tipaidii with Lisaidf, I pray? ' We have ttbloodi, and ttfood7, and tigoodfa itMouhV is not pronounced like iicouldf, Wherefore 4tdonefi but ttgoneii and iiloneW Is there any reason known? And, in short, it seems to me Sounds and letters disagree. eSabz'n, in tt0hm'ch 1136'02'911137 226 THE NORMALiADVANCE IkeyeiiTherels a customer in the store who First Soph tsingingletiBeautiful eyeslla wants a blue suit? Second ditto-Theylll be black ones if you Abe-iiChange the sky light? eEw. donlt cut the racket. C Every great man is always being helped by everybody, for his gift is to get good out of all HolmeseiiA man was so cross-eyed that his things and all persons. tears rolled down his back and the doctors eBuskin. treated him for bacteria? TYPEWRITERS FOR RENT t TYPEWRITER SUPPLIES REPAIRING OFFICE SUPPLIES THE ORBIEL SUPPLY CO. SECOND HAND TYPEWRITERS OF ALL MAKES 118 NORTH SIXTH ST. , TERRE HAUTE; IND. We are the local agents for the Standard Visible Typewriter uThe Oliver. The strongest, most simple and greatest manifolding visible machine on the market today. A child can easily operate it. Call and let us demonstrate the merits of this won- derful machine. Mail orders given prompt attention. We rent you a typewriter With privilege of apply- ing three months 611 purchase of same machine. Is this not a fair deal ? The Orbiel SupplyCo. G- THE NEW BOOK STORE 9 is now prepared to serve the entire needs of the Normal Stutlents in SCHOOL SUPPLIES. FOUNTAIN PENS. SPECIAL STATIONERY. PEN- NANTS. PINS. ETC. New and Second Hand Books always on hand. W e repair all makes of typewriters and fountain pens. W e rent or sell all makes of typewritere. Mail orders given prompt attention. First Store South of Normal on West Side 118 North Sixth Street THE NORMAL ADVANCE ' 227 ONLY ONE Norma1 Book Store? .- On the east side of street and RIGHT ON THE CORNER and not elsewhere. Each and every price we make is guaranteed to be correct and right. BOOKS-We have everything you need. We have all other school supplies required by you. Guaranteed fountain pens, bibles, school pennants and school pins, box statiOnery and miscellaneous books. Come! ! Normal Book Store Corner Sixth and Cherry Streets 228 ALL KINDS OF CUT FLOWERS JNO. G. HEINL $1 SON Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. Attention N ormal Boys ! The best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First; shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Massaging both electric and hand. Special attention and interest: shown the Normal boys. H ARRY WILSON. eTHEe Moore-Langen Printing Co. Printers. Binders Blank Book Manufacturers PUBLISHERS No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. Both Phones 64 FERN,1 BARBER SHOP is the handiest and 1 T'HE NORMAL ADVANCE AMERICAN STATE BANK Organized and controlled by W. H. Taber an old I. S. N. student. 6719 American State Bank situated at 411 Wabash Avenue Terre Haute, Ind. places at your disposal its facilities, and invites you to make your de- posits with this bank. Every stu- dent is assured of courteous treat- ment; and prompt attention. Call and See Us W. H. TABER President N ormal Headquarters Books, Typewriters and Supplies WE1VE GOTEM. Anything you want and at the right price too. New and Second-hand Typewriters Second-hand Books. New and We Rent, Repair and Sell All Makes of Typewriters THE ,ORBIEL SUPPLY COMPANY No. 118 North Sixth St. M. D. OREM, Manager TERRE HAUTE, IND. OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry 6: Dyeing C0. ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 308-3IO Cherry St. Both Phones I84 w. L. BASS, Agent VISIT THE Filbeck Barber Shopmy N Bath Rooms Electric Massage, Hand Massage, Electric Hair Dryer. First Class Work and Courteous Treatment Corner .Fifth and Cherry Streets LOUIS TUEMLER, - - Proprietor ELLIS1 PHARMACY Fourth and Chestnut Sts. Statiohery, Tobaccos, Perfumes, Toilet Articles A $100 Typewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. An Oliver Typewriter - the standard visible writer w the 8100 machine - the most highly perfected typewriter on the marketeyours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a. matter of business history-yours for 17 cents a day! ' The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as ttThe Balance Shif H--ttThe Ruling Devicell-ttThe Double Releasell-t lThe Locomotive Basem-ttThe Automatic Spacer - ttThe Automatic Tabulatortl - ttThe Disappearing Indicator - ttThe Adjustable Paper Fingersll -- The Scientific Condensed Key boardt i-all Yours for 17 Cents a Day! We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a day. That is the plan in a nutshell. i The result has been such a deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority of inquhies A Quarter of a Million People is Ehxi3$l$gi 3721-325 has come from people of known from the word go ! 80 financial standing who are at- are Maklng Money With $23; ggoglgfgfghga E: tracted by the novelty of the TB ert class. Earn as you . . . . earn. Let the machine propomtxon. An impressxve pay the 17 cenls a day- G-A. demonstration of the immense $fegggfgug$gggfiggfgg popularity of the Oliver Type- I work to be d o n e and . money to be made by us- ertel'. mg the Oliver. The busi- T w I Ir 1633188 world jet calm;r for f A startling confirmation ype r. 3'. ?gevgticggigggfi supliii; 0 our elief that the Era of . e eman . e Isa. M- hUaliligex-sal Typewriting is at The Standard Uzszble Wrzter tgzggziogiiggrzrggsggag; . WOT ere. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The simplicity and strength of the Oliver lit it for family use. It is becoming an important factor in the home training of youn people. An educator as well as a money maker. Our new selling plan puts the liver on the threshold of every home in America. Will you close the door of your home or oiiice on this remarkable Oliver opportunity. Write for further details of our easy offer and a free copy of the new Oliver catalog. Address :rHE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. CHICAGO, ILL. i Indiana State Normal School I Terre Haute, Indiana E' Supported By Hie State for the Education of Its Public School Teachers TUITION FREE E Fifty Members of Faculty Well Equipped Laboratories To Residents of Indiana. Courses in All Subjects Adapted to TeachersE Needs. Standard College or Ad- Library of vanced Course for Teachers 50,000 leading to the A. B. Degree. Volumes TRAINING scnoor. FOR STUDY AND MID-SPRING PRACTICE TERM a OPENS A Typical Country School MONDAY EbE City School of Eight Grades MAY 30 1910 E E E ECE Four Years High School For Catalogue. and Further lnformntion apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Terre Haute, Indiana newmnm.0o..mm 2115132 jaurmal ghhame Eehotzb tn the Zinterests at is mm imbiana 5mm saurmal $tbuul 052m: 19am, ihtht'ana Volume intteen May, 1910 saumber QEigbt Cltlzens Phone l4l6 EPPERT 8e SON Are always to the front with the latest styles of IPHOTOGRAPHYI An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and learn our prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE -CALL AND SEE- TERRE HAUTE, IND. WE RECOMMEND Dandro Scalp Massage The ideal food ancl tonic for the hair. The best Jandrug cure on the market. 50c the bottle. We guarantee it. Trial size. 25c. BIG FOUR PHARMACY 6th and Big Four The Store with the Orange Front Temple Laundry -Bigger-Better Therehs a Reason -QtTAI-lTY-- Ask JESSE WOOD, Agent. Citizens 23 Phones h B ell 4 HERBEWS 6AK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue Headquarters for the best of everything pertaining to the DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City Sole Agency in Terre Haute for Gunthefs Fine Chicago Candies American German Trust Company Normal Students are invited to make their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. For High-Glass LAUNDRY, CLEANING and DYEING WORK G. W. YOUNGBLOOD, Agent Hunter Laundering 1h Dyeing Co. Sixth and Cherry Sts. THE NQRMAL ADVANCE VOLUME XV. TERRE HAUTE, IND, MAY 1910 NUMBER 8. Qtrehu 61 believe in the Motherhood of God. QI helieve 1n the blessed Trinity of Father. Mother, and Child. CLI believe that God is here, and that we are as near him now as we ever shall he. I do not believe He started this worlcl a-going and went away and left it. QI believe in the sacredness of the human body, this transient dwelling place of a living soul. and so I deem it a duty of every man and every woman to keep 1115 or her body heaut1fu1 through r1ght thlnkmg and rlg'ht 11v111g. u I helleve that the love of man for woman. and the love of woman for man is holy; and that this love in all of its promptings is as much an emanation of the Divine Spirit. as manta love for God. or the most daring hazaras of human mind. Q1 believe that the best way to prepare for a Future , Life is to he 1:111:11 live one clay at a time. and do the work that you can do the best. Joing it as well as you can. CL I heheve 1n sunshme fresh alr. fr1endsh1p, calm sleep. heautlful thoughts. Q I helleve that there 15 no better preparation for a life to come than this: Do your work as well as you can. and he kind. Q I helieve it is possible that I W111 make other creeds. and change this one. or adcl to it. from time to time. as new light may come to me. -From uMessage to Garcia -Elhert Hubbard. 230 Anglo Saxon and English Grammar . MARION ALICE BARBOUR, c. c., '10 The Anglo-Saxon language is of noble origin and long descent. Its oifspring is perhaps more famous than its ancestor. It belongs immedi- ' ately to the Teutonic family in Which it holds a respectable position among its cousins, the. Germanic, the Gothic, and the Scandinavian languages. If its lineage is traced farther back it is found to descend from the ancient form of Sanscrit from which the other Arian languages are derived, Indie, Iranian, Slavonic, Baltic, Hellenic, Italic and Celtic. These speeches have been powerful and iniiuential in past ages, and modern languages in the process of enrichment have undergone some changes that are not altogether beneficial. Since English has grown from the Anglo- Saxon, the likeness between the two languages is more fundamental than the difference, al- though the latter characteristic seems more prominent to one who begins the study of Anglo-Saxon. The great likeness is in the thought structure, and consequently in the framework of sentences. In reading the ori- ginal prose, the English student does not have the same diHiculty in comprehending the mean- ing that he does in reading Latin; for the parts of the sentence are very nearly in the same position in which he finds them today. The following, sentences from the Chronicle illustrate the point: Qua J15 ricsoJ v 91333201101 his 17c lip aet Winburnan. + t Qnd P3 gefeaht 5E cyning $terEd WW ?aTd Cyninga getruma, It is true that we find many sentences in the order of the latter, yet the presence of the verb before the subject of the sentence remains so familiar to us that even today we at times re- THE NORMAL ADVANCE vert to that orden for the sake of emphasis or for poetic diction. Thus the framework of English grammar is almost the Same as it was- in Anglo-Saxon. The changes that have occurred are loss of old words, addition of new ones, and simplifica- tion of inflection and spelling. These modifica- tions make the ancient literature diiiicult to read at the present time' Many terms have disappeared because the race no longer em- phasizes the ideas they expressed. There was, 4 for instance, a large number of synonyms for the word warrior, - beam, gum, wigsmitk, haeletk, hildam'nc, hyse, rinc, guthfweca, and, Such words no longer hold the im- , portant place that they held when the Anglo- ' bymwiga. Saxons were fighting against the Northmen and the Danes. the synonyms for many words. For example, from the list, beam, hyse, earl, eafor, man, guma, Tina, and serg, we retain only the words man, in English, and baim, in Scotch. They must surely be those Which we most com- monly used. Sometimes the choice is made upon another basis. Of the two words, heofon and neomnawong, the former has survived be- cause it conformed to the law of economy in time and effort of ntterance. When the Anglo- Saxon words had to contend with the Norman- French, and to some extent With the Latin, those remained which were most easily pro- nounced and most popularly used, such as freond, strengu, halignes, singcm, and god. The proportion of Anglo-Saxon words to the words that have come into the English lan- guage from other sources differs in different a writings. A childis Vocabulary is almost Some words have passed out ; of existence because there is no longer need to i express the ideas for which they stood. Among i such are goldwine, meadwheall, and giefstolas. i Modern English has retained only a few of ' ,. A . gum .m:mmmuz... F A A . VWWWVTWH www wWivtwumv THE NORMAL ADVANCE 231 wholly Teutonic. Perhaps the majority of the words that a grown person uses are from the same speech. In the Lord,s Prayer there are but four words of foreign origin, while in the Whole Bible only about sixty per cent are from the Anglo-Saxon. By consulting the diction- ary about one-half of the English vocabulary is found to be of this derivation. This half expresses ideas of a peculiar nature; it speaks the language of the home and everyday life. Thus the framework of English, the thought structure, grammar, and half the words are the outgrowth of the ancient Teutonic language. The spelling has become simplified. IVe no longer write sanfte but soft. Orthography changes somewhat with modification in pro- nunciation, and pronunciation is modified by the law of economy. People speak words the sounds of which are easily blended. When a dialect is not fixed more or less permanently by a written literature, the changes in speech are great, for there is no established classical lan- guage. Hence, what little there is of Anglo- Saxon prose and poetry exhibits words in all. stages of development. , From such modifications in spelling as cyn for 03mm, the. law is evolved that one of the double consonants at the end 'of a word is dropped. We find by similar reasoning that this double n is found after the letter y, be- cauSe at some previous period the word was spelled cunjo. It was found that when j fol- lows a single consonant except 71 before which is a short vowel, the vowel is umIauted. the con- sonant doubled. and the j dropfied. Thus by two laws, in the course of time. Cimjo was changed to cyn. After a more modern step the word remains as it is now used, with the same sound but with a different spelling-wkin. The umlauts have done much to give us words as we now use them. The u-o umIaut states that u 01' 0 following a single consonant changes a preceding a in the accented syllable into ea, 6 into 60, and 2' into 2'0, as iii the word weorold. We have words like maiden, which in the early writings was spelled maeden. Still earlier, we read the word maegden. Iii many such cases the disappearance of the palatal 9 after a palatal vowel and before d or n has left us with very nearly the same spelling that we now use. In the first step, by dropping the letter 9, the vowel was lengthened into ae. The modern axi has the same sound as ae. The spell- ing is somewhat more economical than if it were still necessary to write maegden. When a final h is preceded by a consonant and an inHectional vowel is added to the stem, the loss of the h together with the lengthening of the vowel often makes the word more familiar, as in the change of seohl into seal. The disappearance of intervocalic h and the consequent absorption lof the second vowel by the first shortens the word and makes it more modern. Few people would recognize thehin- finitive fleochcm; some, however, might see in the spelling fleon some resemblance to the word as we have it without the inflectional ending, flee. The iniiuence of the w is important. In the word weorold, which was affected by the uso umlaut, it changed the diphthong to the letter 0. Sweord became sword, because M, which pre- ceded the diphthong 60 or 2'0 produced by break- ing or by u-o umlaut of e and 2', changed 60 into u or o. The change of daga into daeg on account of the closed syllable brings the word nearer to the spelling day. In this word we see a letter that has been lost. For the sound ae we must now employ the old symbol a, which has many other uses. A valuable letter has also been lost in the sign for which we can only substitute th. Thus English has lost useful letters. The addition of It: has been of little benefit, u since it is not universally used to signify the Anglo-Saxon sound of ,0. Although instead of cyn we now spell the word loin, we still have the same sound in the word cake. The fact that a third letter has been added to the alphabet to express this one sound only complicates mat- ters. We have the Anglo-Saxon Gwen, but k 232 is not substituted as in kin. The letter 9 is used instead, and the modern spelling becomes queen. Thus in English c, k, and 9 may stand for the one sound of ancient 0. Hence while it is true that the English language has more sounds for a than it has symbols for their ex- pression, it is also a fact that for the sound k, it has more letters than it needs. The same thing is true of the other vowels that is true of the one mentioned. The result is that the language is less phonetic than it has been; for there are not separate symbols for all the vocal- izations that have come into the alphabet, the nation seems to have learned to talk as a child learns to make different utterances. Yet be- cause there is a writtenliterature the signs are more or less fixed, although the sounds grow more numerous. Certain new combinations of letters have taken place. Instead of sceal we now write shall, and so has become sh. The Anglo-Saxon said hrycg, and the English say the same thing, but they write, ridge. The 09 has become dg. Again certain letters are translated into dif- ferent forms in English: f is now written 11, 2'9 becomes y as in halig, y has become 2' as in cyn. Thus the alphabet has become somewhat modified. Spelling has been simplified through the laws of phonology; the change of a, into a6; of a into 0; by breaking; by palatalization; by simplification of final double consonants; by the j, the 2', the u-o, and the palatal umlauts; by the loss of medial g and medial h; and by the influence of w. The infiectional endings have perhaps sui- ered more modifications than the words them- selves. For each of the five cases there was al- most always a different ending in both singular and plural numbers. The dissyllabic stems dif- fered a little from the monosyllabic. The gen- ders modified the case endings. There were several different declensions of nouns; the 0, 7'0, 100, a, ja, 10a, 2', n, u, 0, 7', nd, 08-68 and the radical consonant declensions. Excepting the last class of nouns the English language has only one case form left, the genitive singular7 THE NORMAL ADVANCE es. Even in this instance the 6 has been drop- ped, and the apostrophe inserted to indicate the fact. In order to bring uniformity into the language, without any authority of precedent, people have adopted the same termination for the genitive plural. In Anglo-Saxon it had been a. At present the plurals of nouns are formed by adding the letter 8, to the singular. This ending may be a remnant of the nomina- i tive plural masculine as. S is now applied in- discriminately to nearly all the nouns, even to ' those of the radical consonant declension like boo, the plural nominative of which was 666. People are often mistaken as to the origin of the cases remaining from this declension. ' They often say, for instance, that the term men was the early plural form for the word man. It was, however, used in the dative and instru- i mental singular, and the nominative and ac- cusative plural. The English has retained it , for all plural cases. He who speaks of ttmenis booksll would have made an unpardonable grammatical error had he been living a thou- I sand years ago. Pronouns change less than any other parts i of speech. English retains much of the in- flection of these words. There is, however, one whole class which has disappeared. The sin- gular and plural numbers of the personal pro- nouns remain, but the dural numbers long ago 7, ceased to exist. The accusative singulars, mo and thee, have given way to the forms me and i thee, and the letter 6 has been added to the i genitive, so that .it reads mine. The third per- son plural, 60w or iow, has been changed to you, and is used in the singular as well as in the plural. The first person singular and plural remain as they were except for the loss of the genitive form, user, and the accusative, usic. The remaining genitive, um, became our. In the third person, the masculine forms are the same today as they were a thousand years ago, except for the loss of the accusative hiene or king and the use of the datiye him in that case. In the neuter gender a valuable in- vention has been added to the language. Even THE NORMAL ADVANCE 233 W as late as b'hakespeareis time, the masculine term his was used in the neuter gender. The use was confusing, but it was the custom. Shakespeare used the neuter genitive his ex- cept in a very few instances, where he intro- duced the questionable word its. The best t writers of his time and even of a later period considered the use vulgar. Even King J amesis Bible used the Anglo-Saxon form of his. The final triumph of the pronoun its added a great deal of clearness to the language. The feminine gender had been changed some- what. The nominative she has taken the place of heo. In the other cases the word her has grown out of the genitive and dative him. The demonstrative pronouns have lost the in- strumental case. They do not hold their infiec- tional endings as regularly as the personal pro- nouns. The English accusative 'plural them is about the only survival of the old inHections. In the Anglo-Saxon there were no relative pronouns as there are in English. The relative particle the takes their place when used alone or in combination with some other pronoun. The result of such a condition was often con- fusing. The English language has lost the strong declension 0f interrogative pronouns. In reality the personal pronouns are the only ones that have kept their Anglo-Saxon inflec- tion to the present time. The adjectives were divided into two classes, ' the weak and the strong, each of which was in- flected in all cases and in masculine, feminine, and neuter genders. Even the present parti- ciples were inflected. The comparison of adjectives has remained almost as it'was. In the comparative we use the termination er instead of m and in the su- perlative est instead of 0825. Except for this modification we might now write as the Saxons did swift, swiftm, swiftost. With the adjectives that take umlaut we find the superlative est. However we have dropped the umlaut in many instances as we may see from the example long, Zengm, lengest. Of some words the Anglo-Saxon has the com- parative and superlative forms that we have lost. We no longer say, as did Alfred, aeftew'a, rceftermest; ewtra, westra. There are some irregular forms in the com- parison of adjectives which come directly from the Anglo-Saxon, such as; god, bettm, betst; yfel, wiersa, wierst. We have most of the adverbs that express at- tributive ideas of place, such as hwaer, taer, in up, nord, near. Our forefathers formed many adverbs from adjectives by adding the letter 6 to the latter. They were especially fond of the ending lice. F rom this form we have our pres- ent ending Zy. The comparison was similar to that of adjectives. The numerals were seldom inflected. The first three were declined, and the others might be when used absolutely with a noun. Our Eng- lish has lost even these endings. The verbs present more dichulties perhaps than the nouns. They are divided into strong and weak conjugations. Under the first group there are several minor classes. Even in the present English the verb gives more trouble than any other part of speech. Yet it is neces- sary to have tense. Today we have more tenses than our forefathers had forms for. The future and future perfect as we have them were not known to the Anglo-Saxons. The indicative, present, and preterite served the purpose. For singular and plural numbers, however, the opta- tive and imperative moods had inflectional endings that we do not retain. We can no longer command, sing, and singath, but in both events sing. The optative has almost passed out of exist- ence. Except in the verb, be, the only place where it is noticeable is in the third person singular. We may form the subjunctive by leav- ing off. the s, but people regularly neglect to do so. A cultured Anglo-Saxon, on the other hand, always said, singe, or singen. This mood is more noticeable in the pure verb. People still say, ttIf I be? but the form is in the danger of its life. , ' 234 THE NORMAL ADVANCE l m m For each of the three persons of the verb the Anglo-Saxons had a different ending. They would say in the past tense, singular number, singe, singest, singeth. Under the same circum- stances the English would distinguish only the third person by adding .th0 'the stem. There is, however, still a remnant of these endings in the old religious ritual, gtThou singest? The most important influence which the early mother tongue has had upon us is in giving us the forms of strong verbs. The principal parts of a verb once were biddan, baed, baedon, bedem The past. participle beden long ago went out of use. People still wish to pronounce the preterite baedtom. We have only to leave 01f the infinitive ending am from the term bid- dam and we have the well known word bid. We need only to pronounce the Anglo-Saxon third singular, and we have spoken the preterite bade. Thus the forms of the strong Iverbs in English can be traced back to the mother tongue and there explained. Our-weak verbs are Very pleasing to us. We glory in the boast that we need only add d or ed to the verb to form the past tense and per- fect participle. Formerly the same letter was added for that purpose, but the personal end- The Value of Exercise on Mind and Body ings were retained. In the past tense, singular number the Teutonic forefathers said, fremede, fmmedest, fremede. ; We have found that the arrangement of words in sentences has remained much the same as it was a thousand years ago. The manner of thought has not changed. In the use of negatives, however, the Anglo-Saxon could be much more emphatic than the English at pres- ent. If we should say as our ancestors anl 115 for $6071 naefre tht leasunge, Tue idles leopes wyrcom he meahte. we should be reproved in the language of mathetics. The law our friends quote never grew up in language among our Anglo-Saxon forefathers. The great framework of the English lan- ' guage is Anglo-Saxon. The manner of thought has remained largely the same. That half of the vocabulary which we use most commonly has been bequeathed to us by our Teutonic an- ' cestors. The sentence structure has remained the same; there has been a loss of inflectional' ' endings and a'simplilication of spelling. By EDITH A. HAMILTON, Physical Director for Women Exercise or muscular activity is absolutely essential for the highest forms of life. It is a necessary function, almost, for existence. Many do not realize the great importance and full value of exercises in relation to the mind and body. The part it plays is really far-reaching. The mediums through which we exercise are in the form of bone and muscle. Without the activity of the muscles, the brain would. not be able to perform its duties, for it is through the muscles the brain is nourished. Have the func- tional activity of a group of muscles impaired, and it will soon be found that the impulses generated from the centres of the brain which correspond to the parts involved in the move- y ment become weakened and finally that portion of the brain will become atrophied. The connection between brain, nerve, and 1 muscle is very intimate. So closely allied are b they, depending one upon the other, and each of i such great importance in exercise, we can not speak of one without including .the others. Thus by gymnastic exercise the cells, fibres end tissues of each are affected. Consequently in training the muscle we train and build the brain. THE NORMAL ADVANCE For instances, when a muscle, through some stimulus, is active the circulation to that part is increased; then the nerves of that region are better nourished, become stronger and healthier because the health of the nerves depend largely on their blood supply. Therefore one can easily see how the nutrition and waste of brain and nerves are influenced by gymnastics and see why the effect of exercise upon the nervous system is of the utmost importance. In taking any exercise the brain inHuence is greatly increased, and the nerves are in greater activity than the muscles even. Therefore the nutritive changes in them are very great. So it goes to prove that exercise is capable of produc- ing the desired effect of strengthening and de- veloping the Nervous System and keeping it in normal condition. In any disease where the nerves are involved, the centres of the brain governing the lesion, will become aifectedecells become broken down and it is by exercise that we strengthen these affected centres or develop new cell areas. Now, we will consider the effects of exercise upon the body. These are many. F irst, it is through the voluntary muscles that we change and modify the body. These mus- cles, being under the control of the will, are easily influenced by exercise. Order a voluntary mdscle to contract and' it springs at once into play. It is by this means that the muscles can be developed and strengthened 0r ' greatly abused. The aim of some methods is to de- velop a great bulk of muscle or to be able to lift great weight, but the object of Physical Training is to develop that power or force which is already present so that it will readily respond to volition. It must include health and physical proficiency. By exemising periodically with suiiicient rest the muscles will grow in size and strength. Well regulated progressive exerciSes are highly beneficial mentally, physically, and, may we not add, morally, for are not those who are mentally and physically strongest better equip- ped to wrestle with the moral problems. 9 235 Exercise improves the general health and helps keep all the diiferent organs of the body at work, and it is necessary to keep them work- ing in order for them to be active and perform their functions. For is it not evident that if the activity of any part of the body is con- tinually decreased, it will grow more and more incapable of performing its work? But many do not know that proper respiration is such an important factor; for this deterioration from lack of use is especially true in regard to the lungs. Here, the lungs must be kept active, for if not, the muscles of that region will grow shorter causing the chest to become contracted, the air cells will undergo a change in structure, the lungs will become weakened and more sus- ceptible to disease. ' Although we do not readily appreciate the effect of exercise lipon the heart, it is benefited like any other muscle and being the organ of circulation is greatly affected by exercise. In our work or study the blood is drawn to some particular part, increasing the blood pressure there and diminishing it in the less active re- gion; so it is the duty of gymnastic exercises to equalize the circulation and lessen the blood pressure-in any given region. The quality of the blood is also improved. Through osmosis being increased we get better absorption and the waste matter is carried off and eliminated from the body more quickly. By means of exercise the digestive organs are made better able to perform their work. In order to work or exercise one must eat a suf- ficient amount of proper food to nourish the ' body and to build up new tissue while other tissue is being destroyed. Now, without proper exercise certain materials which should be used up by work would accumulate in the body and interfere with the functional activity of these organs so it is necessary that these should be removed as fast as they are formed to establish perfect balance of nutrition. To quote Baron Posse we may truly say that general exercise tries to produce tithat perfect equilibrium of functions which constitutes health. Bodily ex- 236 ercise is useful in aLl nutritive disorders and is a necessity to all constitutions? Exercises are given to increase the absorption and elimination which in turn improve the general health. I have nowispoken in a few words and in a general way about the effects of moderate ex- ercise upon the body but let us turn our atten- tion to some other effects which are very im- portant-those of lack of exercise and those of excessive exercise. There are without a doubt, a great many who suifer from lack of exercise. In this state, the whole body is in a decline. The muscles become weakened and flabby, the circulation is im- paired, the organs of the body fail to perform their work or are sluggish, secretion is im- peded, absorption and elimination are decreasu ed, the body is poorly nourished, the nerves become affected and even the mind suffers. Those who suffer from lack of exercise are apt t to become morbid and melancholy and have no energy or ambition, the tone of the entire body is below par and a most deplorable condi- tion is likely to result. By excessive exercise, the work is carried to an extreme. The very fact of the muscles being so thoroughly under the control of the will, allows us without protest, for a time, to abuse them. Only a certain and limited amount of food can be consumed. We cannot force more air into the tissues than can be used, but the work we can pile upon the muscles to do has no limit except that of exhaustion. There is an in- stinct, however, called fatigue which warns us that we have worked enough but it seems to be our custom to disregard this and to pay no at- tention to any of natures danger signals. How often we continue and deliberately overtax our muscles? Excessive exercise is physically injurious; Take for example athletes who are in training THE NORMAL ADVANCE or laborers who are employed in prolonged and ' excessive muscular exertion. Here you iind broken down nervous systems, dilated hearts, kidney complications and even the lungs are involved. The demand upon the whole system during prolonged or violent muscular effort is very great. The muscles, tissues and organs are under a great strain. beyond their limit of endurance; their energy is being used up more rapidly than it is pro- duced, the muscles put forth every eHort to meet the requirements of the work that is im- i posed upon them; but after a while their strength fails, they have reached the limit of exhaustion and are unable to respond any longer to the stimuli. The muscles will become atrophied and grow smaller until7 sometimes, they often become paralyzed. So it goes to prove that a reasonable amount of exercise is what is necessary for the continu- ance of a healthy mind and bodyuthat of de- veloping the mind and body symmetrically. Not to give attention to developing the muscles just for the sake of accomplishing some feat or becoming a strong man; but to realize the value of proper exercise in strengthening ' and de- veloping the muscles, heart, brain and nerves to their highest degree of proficiency. In conclusion to quote a writer: ttDevelop- ment to be healthful must be symmetrical. You can not profitably develop the body apart from the mind or the mind apart from the body. The training which will develop the most vigor- ous, the most highly resisting physique, will 'also develop the clearest mind and the most beautiful body. Practiced properly, exercise is one of the finest schools of courage, of clean living, of high courtesy and chivalry; of clear thinking, of beauty and symmetry of both mind and body? Some people are indeed fearfully and won- derfully made. When they feel the gladdest, they look the bluest.eSam J ones. They are being worked. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 237 How Things Received Their Color INA M. POCOCK, lll When the earth was young and small and the animals and the birds and the plants had been created, there was no color in anything. V The Creator had left this work to be done by the Sun; but he was unable to give coloring to the things on the earth because he was grow- ing old and could not do anything except warm things. In the country where the Creator lived there was a beautiful maiden living. She was the daughter of the Sun. When she was a little girl her father had taken her to the Creator and had asked him if he would take care of her while he went on his daily trips. The Creator had said that he would care for her and that some day she would bring joy and gladness to all things. Her home was very beautiful, and she had made it so by her very presence. For you must know that'the greatest power she had was the wonderful power of transmitting her color to other living things. Many fairies waited upon her; but when she grew to be a woman she wanted to do something to help the Creator and her father. So one day she asked the Creator if there was anything that she could do. He told her about the colorless Earth and said that she might go there and try her power. The very next day her father took her to the Earth and there she made a beautiful picture. At first she seemed to walk in a white robe 0f mist; but after a little while the mist cleared away and her figure was outlined against the colorless Earth in the most beautiful tints that; were ever seen. She was tall and strong. Her hair was exactly like the sunshine for you will remember that she was the daughter of the Sun; her eyes were blue; her cheeks pink; and her lips red. Her long robes were green and on this particular morning she wore a long, brown robe. Her face and figure were perfect and out of her face shone love and joy and gladness, for she loved all things. The animals were not afraid of her. That very first morning she called the animals to- gether and fed them. As they rubbed against her brown robe to thank her for their food, what do you suppose happened? They became ' brown, some were light and others were dark. It soon became too warm to wear her brown robe so she laid it down on a rock; but the lifeless rock did not change its color for the robe had lost its power. As she went over the hills and through the valleys, over the plains and through the woods with her animal friends wherever her green, trailing robes touched the grass, it became green. Then the birds came down and lit upon her shoulders and they were soon good friends with her. The birds who happened to touch her hair became yellow and orange and some that she looked at lovingly a while became blue. This beautiful maiden loved her bird friends and the ones that she kissed beeame red. How happy they were as they wandered day after day over the hills and through the valleys, over the plains and through the woods. Sometimes as she slept on the ground at night the little flowers would lovingly caress her cheeks and those became pink while the ones which touched her hair became yellow like the sunshine. She also loved her little flower friends and when she kissed them they became red. Sometimes she would look into their dear faces a while and they became blue. At last it seemed as if everything was colored perfectly. Then she began to lo'ok at the sky and it became as blue as it is now. How happy she was with her animal friends and her bird friends and her flower friends! But one morning the Sun came to take the beautiful maiden home. That was a very sad ' passion. 238 THE NORMAL ADVANCE morning for all. At Iirst the animal friends and the bird friends and the flower friends said that they could not let their beautiful queen go. The maiden was very sorry to leave her friends but she knew that she must obey her father. Finally the Sun told them that his beautiful daughter might come a few minutes every morning just before he did. So every A Hyacinth for His Soul Every day we meet people who are creating for themselves larger lives by calm intellectual emotion and cool reasoning. Then quite as often we meet other people who are burning out lives of magnificent energy in fierce, primitive But here and there in the mass of 'men and womenestudents, clerks, hod- -carriers, and even lawyers and professorswrushing hither and thither on the earth or loitering in its lanes and byways, we see a number of peo- ple, who dominated by imagination and early habits, seem to be frittering away their lives, each of them for the amusement of some un- appreciative object of his regard. They are a piteous group; the whole lot of them, from the foolish freshman dancing attendance on the college widow to the little, worn-out shoemaker who pegged his life away in broken-hearted silence, remembering always the unrequited love of his youth. When I met my friend J ordan the other day he took me aside to tell me of the fate of our 01:1 shoemaker, the old man who had nailed good heels on our skating shoes when we were Village urchinsa with never a thing to say ex- cept the quavering words in which he named the price of his service. We, with the other village boys must have made the life of the old man miserable with our tormenting had it not ' been for our pride in the staying qualities of the heels he fixed and our reverence for his tiny shop window. Never a sign of his trade did he show there, but instead, the one little patch of the east sun which he possessed he gave to little morning when this beautiful maiden with hair that is like the sunshine, With blue eyes, pink cheeks, and lips of red appears in the East, her ' animal friends wake and call to her, her bird friends awake and sing her praises, and the sweet little flower friends turn their faces to her and smile, and everything is filled with love and joy and happiness. Annie and the hyacinths. Bright pink, odorous and sweet in winter and early spring, the hya- cinths did not lose their pathetic dignity as they wilted and turned brown in the summer. Ef- fectually they, and Little Annie, guarded his entrance from our impish pranks. Boys are human beings and not half so heartless and cruel as their elders make them out. Whenever any boy in the village reported at home that the hyacinths were in bloom, his father and mother between them told the story 1 of the old mants life. My friend Jordan was my chum then, and he says the story went this way at his house: Ma said to Pa, ttMiek was about the best fixed young fellow about here when we were young folks? And then Pa said, ttYes, and Annie was about the prettiest girl around here when she and Mick were a-planning to get married? ttThen for her to run off with that circus man! Doesnlt it beat all what a pretty girl will do? Ma went on. Here, J ordan says, his father looked signifi- cantly at him and usually cautioned him against choosing Little Annie for a skating partner so often. But what boy has lost faith in pretty girls before he has traded his skates for spec- tacles! There were no little girls to moralize with at Jordants home, so the story usually stopped there. We shall have to give you just plain facts from this point. Next year the circus -came back7 and when it moved on to the next THE NORMAL ADVANCE 239 Village, the circus man went with it, but left Annie-left her to die when Little Annie was born. And Mick had taken the baby and cared ' for her. In the small village there is never a place for the orphan girl of the pretty wanton and the circus man, unless there is some person who imagines he has already given up his soul, and is therefore willing to have society pass him by on the other side of the street. Mick was willing that the crowd should pass him any way. ttOld Micky that is the name he went by' even when Little Annie, Jordan and I were children and went to school and skated to- gether. And poor Mick was .old. For when a man surrenders his soul to grief, until he tot- ters about on the edge of his grave, he is aged, and his grief has trimmed him back to second childhood. But the circus man had not finished with Mick yet. He came again as a vaudeville man- ager, and took Little Annie, for not a more graceful little dancer 0r heartier little singer ever skipped the rope at the Village school. The village meddlers scolded Mick for his non-re- sistance, but he raised not even a word of 0b- jection, for his spirit was dead. It was on her birthday that she left, wearing pinned on her best dress the first hyacinth of the season. All the other flowers in the shop window died that spring for they were not watered again. The old man went to the postoffice every day for a few weeks, then stopped. Like all people who are dead inwardly, yet live and move, after a while, he began his pegging of shoes and caring for plants, and followed this round year after year. Last Christmas, when Jordan and I were home for a few days we went into the little shop to see the old man. It was with a remark 0 concerning our last Visit that J ordan took me aside the other day. Little Annie was in town that week. The newspapers had heralded her coming and regretted her going. Old Mick had heard of her coming, and, on her birthday, had made his way on the cars down to the city to bring her his last beautiful hyacinth. Jordan had been present at the meeting of the old man and the girl. All of it was purely accidental. Old Mick with his last beautiful, odorous, bright pink flower was trying to cross the street. Jordan saw him and ran to help him, but he was too late. An electric auto was upon him. 4 He turned and there in the little car sat his Annie. ctMy Annie? he cried, and held out the flower to her. It was all over in a second; his cry, the ilower falling in her lap, and the car passing over the frail old body. They picked him up and took him to the hos- pital, and when J ordan spoke to me last week he was still alive, so we went out to the hospital to see himsas it turned outeto see him die. When we were admitted he was quiet, but awake. We spoke to him, and J ordan stooped over him. As I stood watching, a bright young look came over his face as if his soul had corne back for a moment, and he said clearly, ctI brought my last flower to my little Annie? When he had finished this sentence his eyes were glassy. Jordan closed them and turned to me. We knew without saying it that the last hyacinth had been for the sake of his soul, and as we went away, we were not conceited enough to pity the old man any more, for it seemed that even the life of a broken hearted shoe- maker pegging shoes and tending flowers has its compensation, if it has love. Ita plesique ingenio sumus omnes; nostri nosmet paenitet.eTe7'en0e. 240 nTHE NORMAL ADVANCE , Halleyts Comet ' . A Chapel Talk CHARLES R. DRYER I am going to talk ten minutes about Halleyts comet. I feel like offering an apology for it. After the series of discourses on literary, philo- sophical, moral and religious themes recently given from this platform, my subject seems to be an anti-climax. I would not take advantage of this opportunity to give you a lesson in pure science. After much hesitation I was finally moved to say what I am going to say by an ac- quaintance who is a commercial traveler. He meets a great many people of many classes in many localities and he says there is a wide- spread and serious fear of what the comet may do to the earth; in fact, not a few are scared almost to death. I believe that you are too in- telligent to be afraid of the comet, but you have friends and acquaintances all over the state who may be less intelligent and I take this opportunity to do what I can to allay unreason- able fears. .I do not speak from any authority of my own. I am not an astronomer, but I read the scientific journals rather closely and I can report the consensus of opinion of all the reputable astronomers of the world. Halley,s is one of about fifty comets which . are knewn to return to our heavens at regular intervals. It was first recognized as a periodic Visitor by Edmund Halley t1656-1742y who identified the comets of 1531, 1607 and 1682 as one and the same and predicted its return in 1758. Its re-appearances have now been identi- fied as far back as 240 B. C. Its orbit is an elongated ellipse which extends beyond the orbit of Neptune, more than three billion miles from the sun. Its period of revolution varies from 74 to 79 years, being subject to disturb- ances by the planets. Its speed increases as it approaches the sun and during the year of its Visibility from the earth it will travel as far as in twenty years when at the outer end of its orbit. Its last appearance was in 1835. It has arrived on 'time and was caught on a photo- graphic plate last September. It is now visible to the naked eye, rising about two hours before the sun. It is approaching the earth at the rate of about 100,000 miles an' hour and on May 18 will pass between the earth and sun at a dis- tance of about fifteen million miles. After that it will probably be visible as a bright object in the western sky after sunset and will rapidly recede from our neighborhood. The astronom- ers have been able to calculate its path with ac- curacy and know there will be no collision with the earth. Their orbits cross but do not inter- sect. If the earth and the comet should reach the crossings at the same time twhich they will noty there would be no collision because there are no ttgrade crossings? only an ttoverheadd or an ttunderpassF, If on May 18 the comet has a tail more than fifteen million miles long, the earth Will pass through it, but it is doubt- ful whether anybody but an astronomer would know it. The earth has passed through a ' comet,s tail on previous occasions and even the astronomers did not know it until after' the event. 1 The head of a comet is probably a swarm of meteorites, masses of nickel-iron varying in size from fine dust to several hundred feet in di- ameter. Accompanying them is an atmosphere of hydrocarbon and other gases, which, as the comet approaches the sun, are driven out by electrical forces into a tail of varying length and shape. The tail always extends away from the sun and is composed of gases so attenuated that if a cubic mile of them were condensed into a beaker in the laboratory, only the most delicate chemical tests would be competent to THE NORMAL. ADVANCE 241 detect them. It is possible that the tail may contain fine dust which, mixed with our atmos- phere, will produce rings around the sun and moon or other optical phenomena. The astron- omers and chemists are making preparations to pump great quantities of air on and after May 18, through chambers provided With various absorbing agents, in the hopepf capturing some of the constituents of the tail of Halleyls comet. Few people realize how effectively our earth is protected by its atmosphere. It serves practically the purpose of the armor plate on a battleship. Every day hundreds or thousands of meteoritic masses of iron and stone enter the atmosphere and are so heated by friction as to be dissipated into gas or dust. If we see the flashes of light we call them shooting or falling stars. Occasionally one is large enough to pene- trateethe atmosphere in a solid state and we hunt the world over for such specimens for our museums. The earth has probably collided with many dark and invisible comets, the result being the destruction of the comet and an uri- usual meteoritic display like that of 1833. It is possible that a comet might come within the sphere of the earthls attraction in such a path that it would be captured and retained by the earth as a satellite, and then we would have two moons instead of one. I want to assure you on the authority of all the astronomers of the civilized world that A man who deliberately sets himself against nothing serious or even spectacular is going to happen from this visit of Halley,s comet. In the past comets have been generally Viewed with superstitious alarm. They have been regarded as special signs of the wrath of God, and thought to announce all sorts of dis- aster, iioods, earthquakes, war, pestilence and famine. This supernatural fear has been largely displaced among enlightened people by a quasi-scientivc fear. But no doubt there are people in Indiana today who attribute the severe winter, the early spring and the late frosts to the influence of the comet. I do not believe it has any influence upon the weather. In the past Halleyls comet has appeared in time to announce the Norman conquest of England, the capture of Constantinople by the Turks, the first colonization of America, the fall of Quebec and other important historical events. I have a notion that this time it has come as the herald and attendant of a distinguished personage with whose name we are all familiar. He has recently emerged from the jungles of Africa and is now engaged in taking possession of Europe'after a fashion of which Attila and Napoleon never dreamed. All city gates and palace doors, except those of the Vatican, seem to open to him as if by magic. The comet is his star in the east. In about a month the comet and the man will be with us. Dont worry about the comet. I t isntt going to do anything to us. But keep your eye on the man. ' the rules of the society in which he lives must expect to be outlawed. But the wisdom that is from above .is' first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be en- treated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy.-Bible. 242 THE NORMAL ADVANCE A Mistake . . KATE V. BLACK ttThere! just like a collar button, to break just when a fellow hasnlt time to 100k for an- other one W With an angry snort, Henry Durant tossed the broken pieces into the waste basket and began a hurry-scurry search into all those many places Where a collar button might be found. After playing toss with collars, culfs, brushes, ties, handkerchiefs, and a few old let- ters for about ten minutes, he suddenly rose to a standing position and ran his fingers through his hair in a sort of frenzy: ttNot a One to be found. What am I to doW he thought to himself. cgThere is not a shop open in town. Seems that I am always in trouble. Illl get enough of those buttons to last a while as soon as I get a chance? ttHello! Whois there? Come on in? The door opened and a jolly young fellow walked into the room and lounged down into the near- est chair. ttSay, Burke, have you an extra collar button in your room? I broke the last one I had a moment ago? Henry Durant turned from the mirror which hung on the wall above the wash- stand and looked at his Visitor. Suddenly he exclaimed after one of Burkels questions, ttWhat! Have you heard that too? Yes-I made a pretty fool of myself, and, in fact, I am the loser. I acted too foolishlyeper- haps rashly? Then checking himself said to his friend, Burke, ttSay, you,ll .be late at Smithls if you donlt hurry. Yes, I am coming after a while. Good-by? The door closed and Durant turned again to the mirror. He put on his collar and tie. Then, walking to his study table, he sat down and rested his head on his hands. In soliloquy he mused over the events of the past few days. ttI Wish I could believe it was her brother. Sometimes I almost do. When I remember how earnestly' she said, tWhy; that was only my brother, Rob; I believe her; but when I think how he kissed her and said, cNever mind dear, weill be happy yet; my indignation rises within me and I am glad I did it. ttBut what am I going to do with this ring? I cant keep it and I donlt want to throw it awayfl He had taken a rather small ring from his pocket. The ring was rather curi- ously carved and set with a brilliant diamond, which glittered like fire. As he was putting the little jewel into the little blue velvet case, the clock struck eight times, putting an end to his dreams. With a quick start he jumped up and stepped a little nearer to the clock. ttCan it be possible that I have been sitting here thirty-five minutes? I must hurry; the car leaves in ten minutes. In a state of mind very hard to describe. Durant put on his hat and coat, snatched up a suit case and bounded down stairs. The car was just passing when he reached the street and with a careful aim he sprang aboard. The interurban sped on, out into God,s green earth, leaving the lights of the city behind. About two miles out of the city was the first stop. Here Durant got off and made his way toward the entrance to the. grounds of Judge Rasonls residence. Walking rapidly up the wide avenue, he soon reached the building, a beautiful old country mansion of a somewhat antique style. He paused 0n the steps a moment. tiI have half a mind not to go in? he muttered to him- self ; but his better self conquered. He gave the bell a Vigorous pull. A servant almost immedi- ately opened the door and in a pleasant voice said, ttDis way, Mista, come wid me? Durant followed the servant up a long broad. flight of stairs and down a hall to a door. 'The boy opened the door, bowed his curly head and said, ttDis am de gentlemen,s room. You can THE NORMAL ADVANCE 243 MM find ebery thing youill want?7 With another overdone bow he walked away and Harry found himself alone. . He set the suit case down and began to un- buckle the straps. itI wonder if Helen is here? he thought to himself as he pulled out of the case a long white robe and a hideous, grinning skull. iiShe is here with her brother Rob, I sup- pose? He closed the suit case with a bang and kicked it into a corner; then he stepped before the mirror. It took only a moment or two to put on the long white robe and the skull cap and then Durant went down stairs to the front room where a number of persons, dressed just as he was, were dancing. The orchestra was hidden somewhere behind the great banks of autumn foliage that was used for decorations. In spite of the 111erriment shown in the dance, the scene before'him looked weird and fan- tastic. Every person there was dressed in the long white robe and skull mask. Grinning jack-oi-lanters peeped forth from among the brilliantly colored autumn leaves, their flashing eyes shedding the only light there was in the great room, making the room more ghostly than ever. Durant stood looking at the white robed figures, tripping over the polished floor, and wondered which one of them was Helen. All of a sudden the music ceased and the dancers separated into little groups of twos and threes here and there about the room. Durant was standing close to the door, leaning against the wall, when one of the dancers came up to him and said, ttEthel, I am very tired. Lets go and sit down for a while. I want to talk to you? The ttghostli turned and led the way across the room. V Too stupefled to think, Durant stood still for a momalt; but, collecting his thoughts, he turned and followed without a word. His un- known companion led the way to a little cozy corner, hidden behind a great bank of the bril- liantly colored branches. They were back far enough from. the other guests that their voices could not be heard above the music that was marking the time for another dance. Durantis companion sat down on a daven- port and motioned for him to sit down also. Then to his. great astonishment, the figure in white threw its face down upon his lap and with low sobs brokenly told the following story. tiEthel, I am going home tomorrow. I am going back to papa and Rob. I didnlt mean to tell you this but you have been my friend, a sister, to me during these last two years at Mount Auburn and you will not now, Ethel, be wearied with me? You see, Henry and I were engaged. We didnit mean to tell our friends until he had linished his course at the collegee but now it is all over and I am telling you only because I am going away and you will know why. ' ttIt was this way. My brother, Robert, had come to the Hall to Visit me? Durant felt himself start at these words, but with a great effort he checked himself. The voice quivering with emotion, went on, tiWe were strolling on the lawn in the evening. He was to leave at nine oielock and was taking a last walk with me before train time. It was only a few min- utes until nine and we had walked down to the big iron gates. I remember seeing a man walk- ing behind us; but I paid no particular atten- tion to him at the time. I was too much inter- ested in What Rob was telling me, how he and papa had raised the money to meet the mort- gage and how everything was going to come out alright yet. The whistle of the incoming train broke suddenly upon our ears. Rob threw his arm around my neck, kissed me good-by, and said, iNever mind, dear, well be happy yet? With a bound, he cleared the fence and ran lightly down the street. How handsome he was! HOW proud I was of my big strong brother! , itI watched him until he disappeared and then sat down on a garden seat and cried. I hardly knew why. I was happy because papa and Rob had won out and our future was be- 244 THE NORMAL ADVANCE WW- coming brighter. How long I sat there I donlt let you explain, but Pve paid for my rashness know; but I finally rose and started back to the dearly. 'I-Iall. As I passed another garden seat, the Helen continued, tthe accused me of trifling man I had seen following us suddenly stepped with him and taunted me until, in a fit of al- in front of me. most madness, I tore his ring from my finger i I it gSo this is the way you treat me?7 The voice and threw it at hiS feet. was low and harsh and I felt his hot breath on iiHe looked at me a moment, his face 35 my cheek.I I started back in aff'right. white as death, and stooped t0 PiCk up the ring Where that lay gleaming in the grass. I turned and walked rapidly. towards the Hall. Henry, I have not seen since? I Here the white robed ghost raised her head and was astonished to find herself clasped in a I pair of strong arms and to hear a manis voice say, hHelen, I am sorry. I believe you now? uI tried to explain bUt he wouldnlt listen? In the scene which followed, Durant slipped . Durant muttered to himself, ttNo I wouldnlt the diamond back on Helerfs finger. it tWhy, Henry, don,t frighten me so. I have you been? I asked. mWhere have I been; he replied. 4Where have you been and with whom ?l I could almost see the sneer that went over his face as he spoke. Try just as far as possible to find the pleas- ure of your life in the work to which it has been settled that your life must be given. Study its principles, Let your interest dwell on its details. Make it delightful by the affections which cluster around it, by the help Which you are able through it to give other people, by the education which your own faculties are getting out of it. In all these ways make your business the center and' foundation of your joy, and then life will be healthy and' strong. Then you will not be running everywhere to find some outside pleasure which will make up to you your self- sacrificing toil itself, your store, or your office or your work bench, shall be bright with the associations of delight and vocal with your thankfulness to God who has given you in them the most radiant revelations of Himself. This isthe only true transfiguration and success of labor and of lifer-Phillips Brooks. 'do not convince us. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 245 The Normal Advance DEVDTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WMi L. CONNOR .................. Editor-in-Chief WALDO F. MITCHELL ............. i . Associate Editor ERNEST L. WELBORN . . ............ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ............. - . . .Society Editor J ESSE WOOD ..................... Athletic Editor W. R. VALENTINE ............ ; HARRY HOWICK ............. CHLOE HOUGHTON ................... Senior Editoy Local and Alumni Editors ............................ J unior Edito CLYDE SHAW ................... Sophomore Edito- ........................... Freshman Editow HELEN Ross ................. College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF CALVIN H. PFINGST ---------------- Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS .............. Advertising Managers ADAM BOWLES . . ................ Circulation Manager CLYDE Snow BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ez-Om'cio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM, WILL T, BARBRE, C. 0., Secretary a WM. H. CAIN, 110, OSCAR SCHOPMEYER. '11 WM. UNVEBFETH, 12 Published monthly from October to J une. inclusive. Terms ............... ' . . . . $1.00 per Year Single Copies . - . .............. 15 Cents Commencement Number ................. 35 Cents Address all communications to THE N ORMAL ADVANCE, Terre Haute. Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify THE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at Ilu' Tr'rrt', Ilunle plIKI uffil'r u..- .vrmdl Mass mail munrr. Mr. Cecil A. Kibbey deserves credit for pre- senting a thoughtful and scholarly talk at the State Oratorical Contest. He represented the best available talent of the State Normal this year; and, though his delivery was responsible for his failure to make a better showing we feel that neither he nor any student need fear for the future standing of I. S. N. among her sister schools in 'the State. ORATOBY AT 1.8. N. The question is being asked, ciIs it worth while fof the Indiana State Normal to send a representative to the next state oratorical con- test? Many are answering, itNof and defend- ing their answer by citing the recent defeat of Mr. Kibbey at Crawfordsville, and forecasting that I. S. N. can not hope to do better. They I. S. N. stands for scholar- ship first of all, and there was abundant evi- dence of this in the contest at Wabash, April 15. If the men representing the other colleges were really representative, she stands for, relatively, very high scholarship. Why, then, did not her representative win a place in the contest? The answer is because she did not have a trained speaker. A student of history, mathematics, or psychology can not hope to be made into an orator of even indifferent power by a few weeks2 irregularicoaching by an instructor busy with classes in reading and public speaking. A speaker turned out by such a process can not eX- pect to compete with a speaker with even one years training, if the trained speaker has any- thing at all to say. I. S. N. has today as scholarly a student body to pick from as any college in the state. She has a department of reading and public speaking where ample train- ing can be secured. We do not believe this de- partment is to be despised by the better students as a department devoted to students Who want to gain a linicky skill .in elocution. What, then, does I. S. N. need to win oratorical con- tests? Just this, for each student to wake up to the fact that it is worth While saying a good thing in the best way, whether in school, at an oratorical contest, or before his fellow teachers. The author of ttThe Mountain Child and Her Royal Friends, in the April number was Prof. Lynch, of the History department. CHAPEL TALK. We have commented from time to time on some of the best talks made at morning exer- cises, and published in this paper some of the most literary, as well as some of the most im- portant from the standpoint of professional in- terest. Many good ones have escaped notice for lack of space; but careless, indifferent, and un- worthy efforts have passed without mention out of respect for the positions of the speakers. But now the end of the year is approaching, and as the above mentioned talks are all passing so rapidly into history that these remarks can not be traced to any one particular exciting force, we feel at liberty to collect these ttpoor 246 THE NORMAL ADVANCE speechesil into one group and direct a few ttshots,i at them. Perhaps the most unsatisfactory chapel exer- cise is fragmentary reading without sufficient comment to produce unity of impression. Run- ning over time in chapel is generally condemned by both students and faculty, unless the talk is of more than usual interest or importance. Nothing detracts more from the dignity and prestige of a department with the student body than for one of its members to speak over time in a vain attempt to turn into English some ecstatic vision of the thought which flitted across his mind when he rose to speak. In conclusion, let us say, that if the same skill were manifested in the chapel every day that is shown by the same men in the class-rooms, the morning exercises would more nearly fulfill their ideal function in the school. Where are those students who applauded the announcement from the chapel platform, that7 because of illness, Dr. Schlicher could not meet his classes? No one seems to know, for they have not been heard of since. Perhaps they thought that since our President was not pres- ent, his subordinate would look lightly upon their'rude thoughtlessness. It may be that they wanted to tishow 0le before the numerous Visitors by whose presence the exercises were honored. A great reward is offered to any perpetrator who will reveal himself. Students are advised to think twice before applauding in Chapel. The Graduating Class has decided to offer the ttElijahfi an oratorio prepared by the chorus. The entertainment Will be under the management of Miss Minturn, who will secure excellent outside talent to support the chorus. This will undoubtedly be one of the most digni- fied and altogether satisfying entertainments ever olfered by the Seniors. It stands for cul- ture and refinement; it stands for the outgoing class; it stands for the whole school. I. S. N. INSTRUCTOR HONORED. Prof. Frank S. Bogardus was elected presi- dent of the history section of the. Indiana Teachers Association at the meeting held in Indianapolis, Saturday, April 30. Mr. Bogardus has been professor of European his- tory at I. S. N. for the last six years. The honor recently conferred on him came un- t PROF. FRANK S. BOGARDUS. solicited, and is highly complimentary and of much importance in educational circles. Next year the National Historical Association meets at Indianapolis and members of the Indiana Association will be called upon to act as hosts. This meeting will bring together the leading historians of the old and new world. TH E ABROG'ANUE OF I GN ORANGE . If we may believe the press dispatches, the Cornell Alumni Association meeting in Wash- ington, was recently edified by an address from Dr. Wiley, chief chemist of the Department of Agriculture, in the course of which the learned shuwv t-mvrm.w1hv..ww.w .. WM... . 0, THE NORMAL ADVANCE 247 W Doctor took a rap at higher education for wo- men. According to him the function and des- tiny of females is to make males like himself happy. stYou women? he said, tggo home and make your husbands happy and you will be justify- ing all that was spent in your higher education. The woman who does not know how to 000le he continued, ttis a failure, no matter how much higher education she has. It is worth more to humanity to have women know how to cook, sew buttons on shirts and tell fresh eggs from stale ones than it is to have them able to com- prehend the fourth dimension or tell when Halleyls comet is going to hit St. Louis? How the poor women in the audience must, have squirmed at this indictment! In referring to humanity does Doctor Wiley mean to in- clude all mankind, or just that portion of it which is habitually clothed in coats, pants, and crassconceit? And how much have the fourth dimension and Halleyts comet to do with higher education? But pshaw! whats the use of arguing with the learned gentleman? So long as men With ideas like his are candidates for matrimony, that long will some women make culinary' knowledge and the skill of the seamstress their ideal. Meanwhile the rest of us will try to get rid of both such men and womeneThe Micki- gan Daily. ' Indiana is now represented at the University of Chicago by the ttIndiana Society? which was recently inaugurated with a membership of over forty. It is an offshoot of the celebrated Indiana Society of Chicago, which numbers among its members the well-known writers, George Ade, Booth Tarkington, George Barr McCuteheon, the artist, John T. McCutcheon, and other celebrities from the Hoosier state. The society was inaugurated by a banquet at the University. At another banquet to be held later this spring, the members of the club will be addressed by George Ade and other Indi- anians of national reputationeU. of 0. News- Letter. Y. M. and Y. W. C. A Y. M. 0. A. The religious meetings on Tuesday after- noons have been well attended by the men this term. The first was a joint meeting of the Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. and was led by Prof. Stalker. He gave a very helpful talk on the ttValue of Bible Study? The Associations are always glad to have Mr. Stalker address them and are only sorry that every student didnlt take advantage of this meeting. t State Secretary J ohuson spoke to the Associ- ation on Y. M. C. A. work April 12. Mr. John- son is a man of convictions and full of enthu- siasm, and the men who listened .to him will certainly feel the importance of making our work count for more in this school than ever before. The Bible classes are meeting in Asso- ciation room in the school building on Sunday mornings at 8:30 and 9:00 tfclock. See Me- Cloud and enroll in one of these classes. ST. THOMAS AQUINAS. The St. Thomas Aquinas Club reorganized April 8, for the spring term. A number of new members were welcomed into the club. The program committee appointed for the term is composed'of Mr. James M. Haigerty, Miss Wilma A. Hession, and Miss Katharine U. Rogers. The ochers were left the same for this term as the preceding term, Mr. George J . Meyer, president; Miss Ada L. VVelte, secretary and treasurer. At the second meeting of the club the pro- gram committee reported the plan of work for the term- A separate topic of Catholic Belief THE NORMAL,ADVANCE is to be discussed by one member at each meet- ing, after which the club is to discuss questions of importance and interest to all. Mr. Meyer gave a talk and Miss Walte read at the second meeting. Miss Hession gave an interesting talk at the third meeting. At this meeting questions of importance were discussed by the members of the club. Any Catholic student Who has not yet be- come a member is cordially invited to do so. Meetings are held each Friday at 3:30 in Room 25. Y. W. 0. A. On Friday evening, April 8, an entertain- ment was given in Normal Hall by Miss Lucine Finch. After the entertainment the regular Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. reception w . given in the Association Rooms. ' The Y. W. C. A. girls have been wor ' hard this term. They have quite a number 0 new members and are planning for a very suca cessful term. The following changes have been made i the cabinet: Miss Lois Rutledge succeede Miss Mae Brooking as vice-president. Mis, Brooking took Miss Garmanis place as secre tary. Miss Garman was detained at home be cause of illness. Miss Belle Smith succeeded Miss Rutledge as Foreign Mission chairman. Everyone should look forward to May 21, when the Y. W. C. A. Will give a boat ride. Those who remember the boat ride of last summer will be able to give you an account of the good time they had. ' LITERARY CLUBS Third Indiana State Oratorical Contest Under the Auspices of the Intercollegiate Peace Association Wabash College Chapel, Friday, April 15, 1910 The prize of $40 oEered by the Intercollegi- ate Peace Association to the winner of the state oratorical contest held under its auspices was awarded to Paul Benedict, representative of DePauW University. His subject was ttWorld Peace and Universal Sympathy? The purpose of his address was to show that world peace can only be secured by moulding public opinion into an attitude of intelligent sym- pathy with the peace movement. His address was thoughtful and his delivery free from any attempt at acting. Though J ohn V. Wilson of Wabash tied with him both in rank and per cent, the judges unanimously decided his right to first honors on the first united ballot. In clearness and force of delivery Mr. Wil- son easily led the speakers of the evening, but. his thought was somewhat visionary and show- ed no great nor true insight into the material which made up his speech. His proposition to confederate United States and the British Em- pire and found an international police court and a police patrol for the high seas and the frontiers of all nations, which he pronounced itThe Duty of the English Speaking People Toward the Movement for Universal Peace? might have been a new application to the Eng- lish of Kiplingis view of tithe white manis burden? The coherence of his speech and his excellent delivery must have won a high place in any contest where thought was not judged critically from the manuscripts according to standards of fact and authoritative theory. Frank J . Wenninger, who took third place, spoke on ttReason versus Force? His speech was a fine bit of elocution, and had it been sup- . aw.w..l,w.w-....w,r wwww -w. N.-- w. HA ., , THE NORMAL ADVANCE ported by strong, clear thinking, it might have landed him in the coveted first place. Of the other speakers deserving particular mention Harvey L. Stump 0f Goshen and Thos. E. J ones of Earlham presented clear and force- ful reviews of the history of international arbi- tration, Cecil A. Kibbey of the State Normal explained the ttEconomic Fallacies of War? 249 and J ames E. Cox of Oakland City attacked the moral wrong in war. Mr. Jones7 speech was an excellent plea for the disarmament of nations, and he suggested that the United States lead the movement. If any loser in the contest deserved to have the place of a winner it was Mr. J ones. The totals follow: JUDGES, REPORT IN STATE PEACE CONTEST Kenyon Ballard Tillotson Totals HJF-9 5M ya ng Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent De Pauw, Benedict ...... 2 92 5 80 2 89 9 261 Wabash. Wilson ........ 4 88 4 83 1 90 9 261 Notre Dame, Wenninger. 1 95 6 77 4 85 11 257 Earlham, Jones ......... 5 85 1 90 6 83 12 258 .. Goshen, Stump ......... . 7 70 3 85 3 88 13 243 Oakland City, Cox ...... 3 90 2 87 10 75 15 252 State Normal, Kibby. . . . 9 6O 7 75 5 84 21 219 Purdue, Noblet ......... 6 8O 9 65 8 78 23 223 Franklin, Brewer ....... 8 - 65 10 60 7 82 25 207 Vincennes, Ellis ........ 10 55 8 70 9 77 27 202 OBATORIOAL LEAGUE. The long looked for debate between the Ciceronian and Deadalian societies took place in the Normal Hall on Friday evening, April 15th, before a large audience. The question for debate was 2Resolved, That a graduated income tax would be a desirable modification of the present Federal system? The contest was exceedingly close, and excit- ing throughout. The participants of both sides developed much spirit Which gave itself free play Whenever either side scored an important point. When the judges rendered their decision the intensity of the moment was heightened by Chairman .Bogardus, Who read the votes, first a negative, then an afflrmative and lastly but most important, another afhrmative. This made the Ciceronian society the winners. The following is the program for the evening: 1. MusicePiano MIss GRACE LOVE Analysis and Solo-ttErl King? Schubert 2. Debatee-Resolved, That a Graduated In- come Tax would be a desir- able modification of our pres- ent system of federal taxa- tion. 1 t Aflirmative- E. L. VVELBORN J . J . HUFFORD WM. H. CAIN Negativee Ciceronian W. F. MITCHELL T. Cm PARKER L. C. CAMPBELL Daedalian REBUTTAL SPEECHES BY EACH SPEAKERe NEGATIVE FIRST 3. MusicmVocal Solo MIss EDITH LONGMAN Selected 4. Report of J udgese CHAIRMANePROE. F. S. BCGARDUS JUDGES HON. WM. H. ARMSTRONG, Indianapolis PROF E. H. THOMAS, Charleston, Ill. HON. CLARENCE ROYSE, Terre Haute 250 UIOERONIAN. . The Ciceronian Debating Society defeated the Daedalian Society in the Annual Inter- society Debate, April 15. The Ciceronian team was composed of Messrs. Wm. H. Cain, E. L. Welborn and J. J. Hufford. Among the old Ciceronians present were Messrs Oberholtzer, Hitchcock, and Stirwalt. After the debate, the members of the society were entertained at the home of Miss Haberstitch on North Sixth street. It goes without saying that this was a joyful occasion and one that will be one of the pleasant memories of the debate. It seems very appropriate at this time to publish a his- tory of the Ciceronian society. This, together with pictures of the members, will appear in the Commencement number of the ADVANCE. GLEE 0L UB Miss Florence Peck, the secretary of the Girls? Glee Club, spent April 30 and May 1 at her home in Attica, Ind. The members of the Glee Club were entertained recently at the home of Miss Grace Love. They spent a very enjoyable afternoon; The officers for this term are Miss Maude Ringo, president; Miss Emma Ingling, vice-president; Miss Peck, secretary; Miss Lula Shew, treasurer, and Miss Love, pianist and director. THE NORMAL ADVANCE PHIL 0111A THEAN. The Philomathean Literary Societyls spring program promises to furnish some of.the most interesting meetings of the year. It has been planned to study-brieiiy, and in a general way, a few of the best modern authors, and the tend- encies of modern literature. The authors in- clude novelists7 poets, essayists, and dramatists. The study of current events which was taken 11p last term, will be continued throughout the spring term. At each meeting is given one foreign and one domestic current event. It has been planned to give one debate, and one meet- ing will be devoted to the organization of a House of Representatives, or Senate, and the discussion of some important bill with which Congress has dealt with during the present year. Besides the business meeting, many other enjoyable affairs are anticipated. DAEDALIAN. The Daedalians have been having interesting and profitable meetings this month. The mem- bership of the society is twenty. Mr. P. M. Lewis has just entered school. He is an old member. L The society has been favored with special music at the last two meetings. A series of de- bates is arranged for the future, which will undoubtedly bring out Daedalian originality. ATHLETICS BASE BALL The baseball season was opened at Normal on the afternoon of April 21, when our boys defeated the strong team of Bradley Poly- technic. F mm the very first tap of the gong the battle was between the pitchers, with Freid- man in the box for the Normal and Mercer and Maple working on the mound for Bradley. Freidman was in the best of form and held the Polys down to four hits, no two of which came in the same inning. Not only the man in the box, but the whole aggregation of Normal players were in the best of form. The catching of York was a surprise to all, while the infield formed a stone wall, and not a fly in the out- field went 'for a hit. Score: Bradley. - AB. R. H. PO. A. E. Mulford, ss ......... 2 1 0 0 1 0 Schneck, c-3b ........ 4 0 1 3 3 0 Mercer, 2b-p ......... 4 0 1 6 5 0 Lord, rf-o ........... 3 0 0 3 0 0 THE NORMAL ADVANCE m Ogle, 1b ............ 3 0 0 10 0 1 Droll. ss-3b ......... 4 0 O 6 1 0 Smith. of ........... 2 1 O . 1 0 0 Carson, 1f ........... 4 O 2 2 0 0 Maple. p-2b ......... 4 0 0 0 2 1 Heintzman, rf ....... 3 O 0 0 0 0 Totals ............. 33 ' 2 4 1:25 12 2 :kOne out when winning run was scored. Normal. AB. R. H. P. O. A. E. Bird, 3b ............ 3 1 1 0 1 0 Skeeters, ss .......... 4 , 0 3 2 2 0 Wilson, rf ........... 5 0 1 4 1 0 York, 0 ............. 3 0 0 6 1 1 Brown, Cf ........... 2 0 0 0 0 0 McRenolds, 1b ....... 3 0 0 14 0 2 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 3 0 0 1 0 O F reidman, p ........ 3 1 1 0 5 1 Myers, 2b ........... 2 1 O O 2 0 Totals ............. 28 3 6 27 12 4 Score by Innings. Bradley ............... 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0-2 Normal ............... 10100000143 BUTLER 03.1.8.111. The Normal boys won the second game of the season on Thursday afternoon, April 28, When they defeated the strong team of Butler Col- lege. Our boys took the lead in the first in- ning, which was never overcome by the Butler- ites, and when the dust blew away in the final fray the score stood 12-6 in favor of Normal. Score: Butler. A. B. R. H. PO. A. E. Ridebaugh, c ........ 5 1 1 3 O 2 McKay, 2b .......... 5 2 1 3 3 2 81119136 ........... 5 0 0 1 1 1 Thomas, ss .......... 5 1 1 0 2 2 McCord, rf .......... 1 0 0 0 0 0 Browder, rf ......... 3 0 1 1 1 0 Nurvenburg, 1b ...... 4 0 2 10 1 1 Kingsbury, cf ........ 4 O 0 6 0 1 - Loy, 1f .............. 4 1 1 2 1 0 Adams, p ........... 2 0 0 1 2 1 Parker, p ........... 2 1 O 0 1 0 Totals ............. 40 6 7 27 12 10 Normal A..B R. H. PO. A. E. Blrd, 3b ............. 5 2 2 0 2 2 Skeeters, ss .......... 5 1 2 2 4 1 Wilson, rf ........... 4 3 1 1 0 0 Jones c ............. 3 1 1 5 1 0 York, 0 ............. 2 1 1 5 0 0 Myers, 2b ........... 5 ' 1 0 0 3 0 Brown, cf ............ 4 1 1 0 O 0 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 4 0 1 0 1 O McRenolds, 1b ...... 4 1 0 12 2 1 Cameron, p .......... 2 1 1 1 3 0 F reidman, p ........ 2 0 0 1 2 0 Totals ............. 44 12 10 27' 18 4 Score by Innings. Butler ................ 10200 210046 Normal .............. 4 0 0 50 02 o 1412 HANOVER vs. NORMAL. After defeating Butler College, our boys journeyed on to Hanover College, but were given a set back there, for they were defeated in a thirteen inning contest by the score of 544. The game was fiercely fought throughout and the game was any one7s until the last ball was thrown. Freidman, for Normal, pitched mas- terful ball, allowing but six hits, while our boys met the sphere for 13 clean hits. In the open- ing fray our boys scored two runs, but this was quickly ocercome, for Hanover scored three in the first round and one in the third inning, but after that there was nothing doing for Hanover until the thirteenth inning, when, With two down Dawson reached first, stole sec- ond, took third on :1 passed ball and scored on an error. Freidman blanked the Hanover lads for nine innings, allowing but three men to 252 reach first, and with the proper support, would have won the game easily. The feature of the game was a triple play by Hanover in the twelfth, when with the bases full Miles, in left Iield, caught Freidman4s 11y and nailed Wil- son at plate. Short then caught J ones at third. Score: Hanower. AB. R. H. PO. A. Nowlin,1b ........ 6 1 0 16 2 E0 Dawson, p ........... 6 3 1 3 4 0 Miller, ss ............. 6 1 1 3 3 0 Short, 0 ............. 6 0 0 6 4 0 Drew, 3b ............ 5 0 0 1 1 3 Slawson, 2b ........ .. 5 0 0 1 3 1 Harrison, rf ......... 5 0 1 3 1 0 Miles, 1f ............ 5 0 1 ' 3 2 0 Hamer, cf ........... 5 0 2 3 0 0 Totals ............. 49 5 6 39 20 4 Normal. AB. R. H. F.O. A. E. Bird, 3b ............. 6 0 1 1 1 4 Skeeters, ss .......... 6 0 O 15 2 1 Wilson, rf ........... 6 2 4 1 0 O J ones, 1b ............ 6 1 3 17 2 2 Freidman, p ......... 6 O 1 3 3 0 Myer, 2b ............ 5 1 2 5 9 0 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 5 0 0 1 0 1 Brown, cf ........... 5 O 0 2 0 0 York, 6 ............. 5 0 2 7 2 0 Totals ............. 50 4 13 $38 19 8 5Two out when winning run was scored.. Score by Innings Hanover.... 30100000 0001-45 Normal........20010010 0000A 0. N. 0. 'vs. I. S. N. On the return trip from Hanover,.our boys met defeat at the hands of the C. N. C. boys. In the opening round of the game the Normal boys got to the Danville twirler for six tallies, but after that he settled down and was invinci- THE NORMAL ADVANCE ble. Owing to the long trip which our boys had taken they were physically unable to play ball, and with Capt. Skeeters out of the game and the lineup changed as it was, the boys did not take to as they had in other games. Score: Danville. AB. R. H. PO. A. E. Weatherholt, cf . . . ... . 5 0 0 1 0 0 Funk, rf ............ 5 0 '0 3 0 0 Denny, 2b ........... 5 1 0 3- 2 0 Fogarty, 1b ......... 4 2 1 4 1 0 Fusion, 55 ........... 4 1 1 2 3 2 Powers, 0 ............ 4 2 1 11 1 0 Les, 3b .............. 4 1 1 2 2 0 Deeg, 1f ............. 4 1 0 1 0 0 Tuttle, p ............ 4 O O 0 1 0 Totals ............. 39 8 4 27 10 2 Normal. AB. R. H. P..O A. E. Bird, 3b ............. 5 0 0 1 2 2 Freidman, ss ........ 5 1 3 1 1 3 Wilson, rf ........... 5 1 1 1 O 0 . Jones, 1b ............ 5 1 1 9 2 1 Myer, 2b ............ 5 1 1 4 44 2 York 0 .............. 4 1 2 3 1 0 Brown, of .' .......... 4 1 1 1 0 0 Harbaugh,1f 4 0 0 2 0 0 Longnecker, p ....... 3 O 2 1 2 0 Cameron,p.......;..1 0 1 1 4 3 Totals ............. 41 6 12 24 16 11 Score by Innings. Danville ..... ' .......... 0 0 O5 3 0 0 0 X48 Normal ................ 6 0 00 0 0 0 0 0--6 TRACK. Manager Bash is working hard to get his thin clad artists ready for the meet with J ames Millikin University, which is held at Decatur, May 14. The prospects seem good this year and herds hoping that Manager Bash may turn out a winning team. Let every one turn out and help. THE NORMAL ADVANCE W 253 SOCIETY ATHLETA. The Athlete chapter served a butfet luncheon at the home of Miss Marie Rucker, of Ohio street, Thursday evening. April 14th. The guests were Misses Lorena Preuss, Zula Smith, Bess McCoy. Julia Myers, Nadine Brown, Emma Ross, Lora Yocum and Edith Blaydes. After luncheon an impromptu program was furnished and extensive plans were made for ttAthleta doingsh this term. Misses Margaret Fetig, Leona Schloss, Dulcie Dykeman, Katherine McHale, and Lucile Reed returned to their homes in Logans- port April 16th. The Athletas regret the loss of fiv e such w01thy members. The Athletas were quite royally entertained by Misses Ruth F reed F ranc Mensel, and Ruth Alexander, Saturday afternoon, April 23 at 515 N orth Sixth street. After participating in 4The Romance of a Shirtwaistf in which Miss Lois Rutledge was the winner of a beauti- ful piece of china ware, a trip to the Rose fol- lowed where cake and Athlete specials were served. Those present were Misses Elizabeth Kadel, Marie Rucker, J essie Andrews, Abigail Smith, Nola Scott, Harriet Calbert, Flora Sau- pert, Edna Bratton, Lena F orbes, F ranc Men- sel, L'ois Rutledge, Ruth F reed, Lora Yocum, Ruth Alexander, Mae Bowsher, EstelleDoer- schuk, Edna F ischer, Cleone Stubbs, and Ada Welte. Misses Harriet Calbert, Nola Scott, and Abi- gail Smith are warmly welcomed again in the Athleta circle after having taught the past winter. ' KAPPA KAPPA. I The chapter entertained Miss Erickson at dinner Friday evening, April 8. . The Misses Eleanor OtConnor and Mildred Butler gave a spread Saturday7 April 9. The guests w e1e members of the Kappa chapter and the Misses Mary Quill, Gertrude Grafton, Ruby Obenchain, and Audry Bullington. An inf01ma1 dancing party was given by the Kappa Kappas Saturday, April 16. The hall was prettily decorated with the sorority pen- nants. The chaperons were Mr. and Mrs. Homer Wilson and Mr. and Mrs. F. R. Hig- gins. The first degree of the initiation was given Friday ev ening, April 22. The candidates were the Misses Mary Quill, Ruby Obenchain, Gertrude Grafton, and Audry Bullington. Miss Stacie Burke spent the week end at the Kappa House. The Misses Audry and Alice Bullington Visited friends in Indianapolis Friday, April 29. Miss Ellis 0f Mattoon, Illinois, was a guest at Kappa House, Monday, May 2. Miss Ellis was in the city to attend the V. Q. V. annual dance. Miss Myrtle Kitchell spent Sunday, May 1, at her home in Vincennes. LE OEYGJAS. The members WhO have been in school this year entertained the returned members Satur- day, April 9, at 414 North Sixth street With a flower social. Miss Ringo won a beautiful prize for the best ttflower romance? Delightful re- freshments were served. The guests were Misses J enkins, F euerstein, Davis and Osen- burg. Saturday, April 23, the Le Ceygjas enter- tained their friends at 414 North Sixth street. Some amusing and appropriate biographies were prepared,whi1e a field meet was enjoyed by all. A very appropriate luncheon was served. The guests were Miss Owens, Miss Murphy, Miss Smith, Miss Colbert, Miss 254 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Rinehardt, Miss Clendenning, and Miss Ross. MU ZETA. All the M11 Zeta girls who were in school last term have remained for the spring term. Six of last yearis girls have returned and two new members have been added. These with the three Mu Zetas who teach in the city, make a total membership of twenty-six, and the chap- ter girls are looking forward to many enjoy- able occasions. The returning Mu Zetas are Marjorie Leasure, Minnie Kaufman, Elizabeth 'Ellis, Jeane Adams, Cora De VVeese, and Gladys McClanahan. The new Mu Zetas are Lois Shirley and Lois Maxidon. , Thursday, April 7, twenty-four Mu Zeta girls and friends sat down to a tempting picnic sup- per at the home of Helen Smick, 1020 South Fifth street. After supper the girls enjoyed an impromptu musical program and then spent some time socially on the veranda. Friday afternoon, April 9, twenty-one Mu Zetas and friends met with Anna Orebaugh at the city Y. W. C. A. After music by Helen Connor and Nellie Haberstich, the party went to the Rose Pharmacy where a delicious lunch was served. In both the lunch and the table decorations, the Mu Zeta color scheme, 01d rose and white, was carried out. TheV'girls then re- turned to the Y. W. C. A. until time to attend the Y. M. and Y. W. reception. Here they kept their circle complete throughout nearly the en- tire evening. Saturday afternoon, April 237 the Mn Zeta girls met with Henrietta Way, 1437 South Third street, and made sixteen Mu Zeta pen- nants. The hostess had prepared .a musical pro- gram entirely of the works of Nevin. Helen Froeb gave a brief account of the composeris life, the hostess played two of his selections, Freda Meyer sang two of his songs, and Helen Connorplayed one of his selections. The girls listened with their ears and Worked with their hands at the same time. Tempting refresh- ments were served. There were eighteen mem- Miss Hesler, ' bers and three guests present. The guests were Mrs. Alice Bentham Morgan 11nd Mrs. Agnes Luther Tullis, two former M11 Zetas, and Miss . Waldvogle. One of the chief attractions was the presence of Don Tullis, Jr., the youngest Mu Zeta. MYOSOTIS. The Myosotis girls were entertained Friday evening, April 22, by Miss Mary McBeth at her home on North Eighth street. The evening was spent in music, games, and conversation. Music was furnished by the Misses Nellie Waller and Coradel Wade, and by the hostess. Miss Lanora Rollings received a dainty hand- painted ttAddress Book? decorated with the Myosotis flower, as a reward in the guessing contest. Bowls 0f violets and lilies-of-the-valley were placed on tables throughout the rooms, and dainty refreshments were served at the Close of the evening. The girls who attended were the Misses Norma Failing, Stella Al- bright, Nellie Waller, Minna Wissing, Mabel Keller, Coradel Wade, Cecil Black, and Lanora Rollings. Miss Edna Harvey was a guest of the chapter. Miss Ida Roberts spent April 23 and 24 at her home near Prairieton, and Miss Annalee Shortr'idge visited her sister Hazel, who has been teaching in the J asonville High School, and attended the commencement exercises there. The chapter holds its weekly business meet- ing at 3 :30 Tuesday afternoon, in the chapel. OMEGA. The Omega section gave a party on the after- noon of April 15, at the home of Catherine Donovan of First avenue. The afternoon was spent in playing various games and contests, after which the guests were served with dainty refreshments. Those receiving prizes were the Misses Ivah McClaren, Mildred Flaherty, Hazel Sowers, and Margaret Kilroy. Miss Edna Lloyd, 39 South Thirteenth and One-half street, entertained the Omegas Satur- THE NORMAL ADVANCE 255 m day afternoon, April 23. F eatures 0f the after- noonls program were music, games and contests. Miss Louise Smith was given a prize for the best drawing. iLight luncheon was served. Those present were the Misses Mary Richards, Florence Hixon, Dessie Sumwalt, Ina Pocock, Flora Pfalfenberger, Hazel Fisher, Lorena Preuss, Theresa MeKenzie, Margaret Kilroy, Louise Smith, Edna Lloyd. Birdenia Bennett, Elsie Burkhardt, Lula Hayward, Mildred Flaherty, Cora Nugent, Catherine Donovan, Hazel Sowers, Hazel Davis, Mary Flaherty, Ivah McClaren, and Mamie Schuler. PHI SIGMA TA U. Phi Sigma Tau chapter was organized April 15 with seven charter members, Misses Inez Whitcraft, Philomena Bogeman, Nelle H. Mahlejr, Elizabeth Standiford, Grace Henner, Mabel Meyers, and Claudia Miller. Friday evening, April 22, the chapter and their guests, were entertained by the Misses Kenner and Meyers at 511 North Fifth street. The entertainment consisted of games and music. Refreshments were served by the hos- tesses. The guests were the Misses Stella Elli- son, Reba Arbogast, Olcie Hesler, Golda Ham- blin, Ione Firsich, Grace White, Martha Hasket, Elsie Chapell, Agnes Hilligoss, Clara Applegate, and Grace Lowe. April 28, at 331 North Sixth street, the fol- lowing girls received their first degree: Misses Stella Ellison, Reba Arbogast, Olcie Hesler, Golda Hamblen, Clara Applegate, and Agnes Hilligoss. After taking the oath of member- ship they went to the Rose, where a two course luncheon was served. PSI THETA. The Psi T heta girls entered upon their work for the wring with renewed energies after a pleasant vacation. A number of the old girls from last year haire returned to share the pleas- ures of the term. On Thursday afternoon, April 7, the Psi Thetas entertained a number of their friends at lunch at the Rose. Saturday afternoon, April 9, an afternoon party was-given at the home of Miss Blanche Johnson, 2002 North Eleventh street. Many forms of entertainment were indulged in and the afternoon proved a most enjoyable one. Miss Eunice Jones won the prize, a box of chocolates, in a ttpop-corn eating? Light re- freshments consisting of punch and wafers were served. The girls entertained at a 6 oiclock dinner at the City Y. W. on Wednesday evening, April 13. Those present besides the active members were Carrie Seever, Mina Crayton, Nettie George, Eunice Jones, Fawn McKamey, Frances Starr, Erba Hinkson. Mayme Nichol- son, and Vina Syester. Friday afternoon, April 15, the Psi Theta girls, with a number of their friends, enjoyed a croquet party at Miss Blanche J ohnsonis. It- was an ideal spring afternoon and all the girls considered it a great treat to relieve their minds of the all mental strain at the close of the week and indulge in the lawn game. Refreshments were served and the afternoon was enjoyed by all. On the evening of April 21, the girls met at the room of Misses Louise Peters and Cecil Aiken to confer the first degree of Psi Theta- ism upon ten girls. Those taken into the secrets of. the chapter were Mayme Nicholson, Erba Hinkson, Madge OiHaver, Frances Starr, Vina Syester, Carrie Seever, Nettie George, Eunice Jones, Fawn McKamey, and Mina Crayton. Miss Nelle Flesher is not in school this spring. Louise Peters, Cecil Aiken, Blanche Boyer, and Lily Kellum are welcomed back after successful experiences in teaching. PI ZETA. The Pi Zeta chapter is well represented this term and the members are expecting this to be a banner season. Plans are being formed for several social events. The chapter begins the 256 THE NORMAL ADVANCE spring term with the following members: Nelle Broadhurst, Zoe Bodenhafer, Mae Brooking, Kate V. Black, Ethel Irene Carr, Georgia Cole, Caroline Crouch, Grace Evans, Viola Field, Josephine Fitzgibbons, Mary Lowder, Mary McIntosh, Ethel Wallace, and Florence Worher. Members of the chapter entertained at the Mansion House Tuesday evening, April 12. A short musical program was given by various members of the chapter. Miss Fanny Thorp gave several dramatic selections. At the close of the program, the party went to The Rose for luncheon, where the members were much pleased with ttThe Lure of the Mask;7 by Miss Broadhurst, and ttManW by Miss Cole. The guests of the chapter were the Misses Smith, O?00nnell, Fillion, Scudder, and McIntosh. Miss Fanny Thorp, a former member of the . chapter, was a Visitor at I. S. N. April 12. Members of the chapter who have been teach- ing during the year are the Misses Bodenhafer, Lowder, Crouch, VVorher, and Fitzgibbons. SOPH. A meeting was called April 12 to select the oiiicers for the spring term. The following peo- ple were elected: President ....................... Mr. Hawick Vice-President ....................... Blythe Secretary ........................ Miss Hyde Treasurer ....................... Mr. Fowler Class Artist ............. 2 . . . .Miss Engibons Messrs. Shaw and Bird, class editor and class athletic captain for fall and winter term, were retained for this term. The first regular social meeting was held Friday evening, April 22. Those present were well entertained by the following program: Piano Duet. .The Misses Saupert and Runyon Vocal Solo -, .y ................... Mr. Lidakay Reading ............ a ........... Miss Bennett Violin Solo ................... Miss J ohnson After this program a social hour was spent . before the crowd dispersed. ZETA ZETA. The Zeta Zeta chapter has quite an increase in membership this term. Four 01d.members have returned to school, and three new mem- bers have been taken into the chapter. The returning members are Misses Georgia Brew- ster, J uanitatMcCIain, Hazel Montgomery, and Edith Haton. The new members are 'Misses Eva N elson, Cordelia Caldwell, and Margaret Miller. The girls are planning picnics and ex- cursions, and are looking forward to many good times. , April 26, Miss Thirza VVehr entertained the chapter at a regular meeting. April 29 the chapter Visited the art exhibit. SEN! OR. The Senior class met April 20 to elect oHicers for the spring term. Mr. Campbell was chosen president; Mr. Pottenger, Vice-president; Miss Chloe Houghton, secretary; Mr. Connor, treas- urer; Miss Whitcraft, class artist; Miss Freda Meyer, class editor, and last, but not least, Mr. J ohnson was chosen athletic captain amid much speech-making and enthusiasm. This last posi- tion is always a difiicult one in the spring term, and, if well filled redounds t0 the glory of the senior class, for this is the point of contact be- tween the class and the faculty. The members of the class have the utmost confidence in Mr. J ohnsonis ability to make the faculty aware of the fact that they are turning out ttprofes- sionalsp JUNIOR The first J unior class meeting of the spring term was held Friday evening, April 15, in the Association rooms. The meeting was called to order by President Bass at 7 otclock. A large number of the Juniors and their friends en- joyed the following program: Piano Solo ...................... Miss Hinke Reading f ........................ Mr. Wilson At the close of the well rendered literary program oiiicers for the spring term were THE NORMAL ADVANCE T elected. The following persons were chosen: President, E. L. Welborn; vice-president and athletic manager, Adam Bowles; secretary, Iris Fish; treasurer, Calvin Pfingst; class artist, Mae Brooking; literary editor, F red Donaghy, and yell master, Mr. Lowe. A program com- mittee was selected as follows: Louise Peters, chairman, Etta Eberhart, Basil Byrne, and Albert Youngblood. Other business matters were disposed of. President Bass expressed his appreciation in being class president during the fall and winter terms, and thanked the J uniors for their loyal support and ready help to make the Jnnior meetings a success. The class ex- pressed their appreciation of Mr. Bassl untir- ing efforts. 257 On April 29 the class held its second meet- ing. President E. L. Welborn presided. The attendance was unusually large. Besides the Juniors, many of their friends were present. The following interesting program was pleas- ingly rendered: Piano Duet ...... Misses Runyan and Saupert Recitation ................... Miss Williams Vocal Solo .' .................. Miss Engebous Business of importance to every J unior was taken up and plans laid for the Junior recep- tion to the Seniors. Several committees were appointed to make reports at next meeting. The next meeting will be held in two weeks and every Junior is urged to be present. . LOCAL and ALUMNI TO THE ALUMNI. The general committee having in charge the matter of mailing the formal invitations to at- tend the special anniversary exercises in J une, has endeavored to reach all alumni whose ad- dresses were known at the time. A carefully corrected mailing list of the alumni still leaves many addresses unknown. The committee will deem it a favor if any alumnus who has failed to receive such an invitation, will mail his ad- dress to the oilice 0f. the school, as failure to ' receive one is due either to an oversight or mis- take in making the new alumni list or to the fact that the present address is unknown to the committee. L. J . RETTGER, Chailman Committee. Mr. stde H. Langford, vs ho graduated from our college course last year, taking his degree in chemistry, has been elected to a professorship in chemistry and physics in the Tuskogee In- stitute. This certainly does; credit to our col- lege course and the school, when it is remem- bered that this is the famous school of which Booker T. Washington is president. Mr. Ernest Unverferth, llO, spring assistant in mathematics, spent April 30 and May 1 with his parents at Freelandville. Terre Haute, 1nd,, April 18, 1910. DEAR MISS MINTURN. We, the music and chorus students, desire to express our sympathy in your sadness and be- reavement. But we cannot sympathize. Only those who have sustained such a loss can know the depths of sorrow occasioned by the death of those near and dear to us. However, let this be an attempt at the expression of our heartfelt sympathy. YOUR SINCEREVSTUDENTS. Mr. Chas. Zimmerman will soon be back with us in school. MarriedeMr. Winfield Fox7 i09, and Miss Ruth Mapes, ill, at the bridels home in West Terre Haute, Saturday evening, April 16. tDrJ Arburn, a former baseball star, who has been teaching at Wadesvilleg visited I. ,S. N. April 27 and 28. Mr. J ames Haigerty, ,11, attended the wed- ding of a friend in St. Louis Wednesday, April 27. MarriedeMr. Ray Davis and Miss Mary Watson at the residence of Rev. Dutcher, Tues- day, April 12. Mr. Cecil Greyson, l07, was an I. S. N. Visitor April 15. 258 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ff Mr. George, t06, Will soon be back in school. Miss Sarah Watts of Clermount has been un- Mr. William Gain, 10, and Mr. Delta R. able to be in school for some time because of Henry, 10, Spent Saturday, April 24, in Indi- sickness. anapolis. Mr. Chas. W. Hitchcock, t08, principal of the The Misses J ames, Imahley and Korbley Burney High School, attended the Ciceronian- spent. April 23 and 24: in the country. Daedalian debate Friday evening, April 15. Miss Edith Blaydes, t08, spring assistant in Mr. Harry Davis, t09, principal of the Clay- grammar, visited With her parents at Danville, ton High School, Visited with his ttfriendf Miss April 21 to 24. Sadie Starr, Sunday, April 24. TYPEWRITERS FOR RENT TYPEWRITER SUPPLIES h REPAIRING OFFICE SUPPLIES T HE ORBIEL SUPPLY CO. SECOND HAND TYPEWRITERS OF ALL MAKES 118 NORTH SIXTH ST. 1 TERRE HAUTE, IND. We are the local agents for the Standard Visible Typewriter The lever. The strongest, most simple and greatest manifolding visible machine on the market today. A child can easily operate it. Call and let us demonstrate the merits of this wop- derful machine. Mail orders given prompt attention. We rent you a typewriter with privilege of apply- ing three months on purchase of same machine. Is this not a fair deal? The Orbiel supplyCO. GjTHE NEW BOOK STORE 9 is now prepared to serve the entire neecls of the Normal Students in SCHOOL SUPPLIES. FOUNTAIN PENSt SPECIAL. STATIONERY. PEN- NANTS. PINS, ETC. New ancl Second Hand Books always on hand. W e repair all makes of typewriters and fountain pens. W e rent or sell all makes of typewriters. Mail orclers given prompt attention. First Store South of Normal on West Side 118 North Sixth Street THE NORMAL ADVANCE ONLY ONE 25! Normal Book Story On the east side of street and RIGHT ON THE CORNER and not elsewhere. Each and every price we make is guaranteed to be correct and right. BOOKS-We have everything you need. We have all other schooi supplies required by you. Guaranteed fountain pens, bibles, school pennants and school pins, box stationery and miscellaneous books. Come ! ! Normal Book Stdre Corner Sixth and Cherry Streets 260 . THE NORMAL ADVANCE ALL KINDS OF CUT FLOWERSW JNO. G. HEINL h; SON Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. Attention Normal Boys ! The thERN BAR BER SHOP is the handiest and best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. First shop south of the Normal. No. 27 North Sixth Street. Scientific Face Massaging, both echtric and hand. Special attention and interest shown the Norma.1 boys. HARRY VVILhXON. hTHE-h Moore-Langen Printing Co, Printers. Binders Blank Book Manufacturers PUBLISHERS h TERRE HAUTEh IND. I No. 21 North Sixth Street Both Phones 64 1 AMERICAN STATE BANK, Organized and controlled by W. H..Taber an old I. S. N. student. 67w American State Bank situated at 411 Wabash Avenue Terre Haute, Ind. places at your disposal its facilities. and invites you to make your de- posits with this bank. Every stu- dent is assured of courteous treat- ment and prompt attention. Call and See Us W. H. TABEB President Normal Headquarters Books, Typewriters and Supplias WEVE GOTEM. Anything you want and at the right price too. New and Second-hand Books. New and Second-hand Typewriters We Rent, Repair and Sell All Makes of Typewriters THE ORBIEL SUPPLY COMPANY No. 118 North Sixth St. OUR AIM IS TO PLEASE Terre Haute Laundry dz Dyeing Co. ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 308-3l0 Cherry St. Both Phones I84 w. L. BASS, Agent VISIT THE Filbeck Barber Shop $2 Bath Rooms Electric Massage, Hand Massage, Electric Hair Dryer. First Class Work and Courteous Treatment Corner Fifth and Cherry Streets LOUIS TUEMLER, - - Proprietor M. D. OREM, Manager TERRE HAUTE, IND. ELLIS, PHARMACY Fourth and Chestnut Sts. Stationery, Tobaccos, Perfumes, Toilet Articles A $lOOTypewriter for 17 Cents a Day! Please read the headline over again. Then its tremendous significance will dawn upon you. An Oliver Typewriter - the standard visible writer - the $100 machine - the most highly perfected typewriter on the marketeyours for 17 cents a day! The typewriter whose conquest of the commercial world is a matter of business history-yours for 17 cents a day! , The typewriter that is equipped with scores of such contrivances as UThe Balance Shift,,-ttThe Ruling DevicellettThe Double ReleasehettThe Locomotive Basell-JtThe Automatic Spacerll - HThe Automatic Tabulator - ttThe Disappearing Indicator - ttThe Adjustable Paper Fingersll - ttThe Scientific Condensed Key board, l-all ' Yours for 17 Cents a Day! . We announced this new sales plan recently, just to feel the pulse of the people. Simply a small cash payment-then 17 cents a day. That is the plan in a nutshell. The result has been such a deluge of applications for machines that we simply are astounded. The demand comes from people of all classes, all ages, all occupations. The majority 0f inquiries A Quarter of a Million People 15 31133363533335; has come from people of known - - from the word ugo ! pa financial standing who are at- are Maklng Money Wlth 3:1,; :go;lgitt$3b$$$: rt class. Earn as on tractetl py the novelty 0f t.he 156 I A g . Let the maehfne propomtlon. An 1mpressxve pay the 17 cenls a day- demonstration of the immense o I IV E I wggggigvggsgzgfiggfg ' ' - wot o e o n e an poPularlty of the Ohver Type money to be made by us- erter. ing the Oliver. The bus!- T y I'r geiss world ist calm;r tor . . w V81' 0 em OIS. ere A starthng coniirmatlon pa rl er age 301; egtglgrhfoi sup 1y of our belief that the Era of . 5 6 91mm - e 1'33 84 Eggersal Typewriting is at lee Standard Uzszble Writer tgzggggogzigggggsggvg: . WOI' 9T5. An Oliver Typewriter in Every Home That is our battle cry today. We have made the Oliver supreme in usefulness and absolutely indispensable in business. Now comes the conquest of the home. The simplicity and strength of the Oliver fit it for family use. It is becoming an important factor in the home training of youn people. An educator as well as a money maker. Our new selling plan puts the gliver on the threshold of every home in America. . Will you close the door of your home or olfice on this remarkable Oliver opportunity. l' Write for further details of our easy oEer and a free copy of the new Oliver catalog. Address THE OLIVER TYPEWRITER COMPANY The Oliver Typewriter Bldg. CHICAGO, ILL. Indiana State Normal School, Terre Haute, Indiana Supported by the State for the Education of Its Public School Teachers TUITION FREE - Fifty Members of Faculty Well Equipped Laboratories To Residents of Indiana. Courses in All Subjects Adapted to Teacherg Needs. Standard College or Ad- Library of vanced Course for Teachers 50 000 leading to the A. B. Degree. Volumes TRAINING SCHOOL FOR STUDY AND Mm-SPRING PRACTICE TERM a OPENS A Typical Country School MONDAY G9 City School of Eight Grades MAY 30 w 1910 Four Years High School For Catalogues and Further Information apply to Wm. W. Parsons, President Terre Haute, Indiana Thu mum Pk. 00.. Turn mutt Echotth to the Interests of mine imbiana Qtatg sacrum Stbuul d anihmzarp : Qtummememmt jaumher . ' mm; kaute, Enhiana . , i volume jittzm Surfs; 1910. . 32mm 33in: ' Are alvsfays to the .front with the latest styles 6ft I I An invitation is extended to all to call and examine our work and 1e9Jrn 0111: prices. AMATEUR WORK FINISHED ON SHORT NOTICE. PRICES REASONABLE ---CALL AND SEE-- Cltlzens Phone l4l6 TERRE HAUTE. IND. WE RECOMMEND Dandro Scalp Massage The ideal food and tonic for the hair. The Le'at dandruH cure on the market. 50c the Bottle. We guarantee it. .Trial size. 25c. BIG FOUR PHARMACY 9 6th and Big Four The Store with the Orange Front Temple Laundry ' -Bigger-Better '5 Therets a Reason . QuALI-rirt- Ask JESSE WOOD, Citizens 23 Agent. Phones h Bell 4 HEBBEWS OAK HALL PHARMACY 7th and Wabash Avenue . Headquarters for the best of everything pertaining to the F or H lg h .0 I ass DRUG AND DRUG SUNDRY LINES The Largest Prescription Business in the City W Sole Agency in Terte Haute for Gunther's Fine Chicago Candie: American German Trust Company G' w YOUNGBLOOD' Age' Normal Students are invited to make . Hunter Laundering $ DYBillg co. their Deposits with this Company. 670 Ohlo Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. M ...-...----------- Slxth and Cherry Sts. THENQRMAL ADVANCE l; X w 71 H H U H H U H H j w , M q gnmhergarp: ,. Qtummmuzmmt 33111111321: W- : 2 s g k ozuozoozooaoozoozaozoomaosouzooaoosoo A CD 262 Rx THE NORMAL ADVANCE STAFF AND BOARD THE NORMAL ADVANCE 263 INDIANA, HERE'S TO YOU. Words by MAUDE MEANINCH. Allegro Vivace. Queen of . MOTH-ERS hear our song,- Hail to In - d1 - an - a' Tho, we have to stu - dy late, Hail to In - d1 - an - a! Thol the smoke is dense and black, Hail to In - di - an - a! I- S. N. welll not for - get, Hail to In - di - an - a' 4g 1H: 1m.-.NJLJ HE E. - 2:121:21 Help the ech - oes s peed a - long, Heigh 2 o for In - d1 - an -. a! Welre the best school in the state, Heigh - o for In - di - an - 21! Next spring term welll all come back, Heigh - o for - di - an - 3.! There are thous-ands com - ing yet, He1'h o for - di - a - a! 22:; L2 2 E-ErLia? E E L22 2:2 E? ?WHE: EW Sing how mem - re - calls All the Pnl 2 must fight, will show them what is right Then our MOTH ERS praise well sing, Let: the Nor - mal chap - e1 ring, Tho, they come two thous - and strong, She will wel -. come all the throng, 9: .14 114;:11444l .L-gLS - E 1': r: 1- ? I r: F r' 7' E these dear old class - ic halls - di - an - a . And well wave the blue and white 0f In - di - an - a . As we , lov - mg tri - bute bring To In - di - an - 3. And they 11 ev - er - more be - long To In - di - an - a. EW glo - rious wh1te and,. blue;, u . - :1 7 ' J J J-J- $W p 1.: 31-? rue fir r 1' 211' 12F 08g xour dear old Hoos- ier Nor - mal, In - di - an - a here's to you! To :3 To 11 w. ,. J m ILL, J 2 f' if? 31-FFLJ1F fjjjr fEEI WALTON PROCESS CHICAGIL THE NORMAL ADVANCE President William Wood Parsons 1885-1910 THE NORMAL ADVANCE .265 William Wood Parsons A BRIEF ESSAY IN APPRECIATION OF HIS WORK WM. L. CONNOR In a lecture before the students of the State Normal, May 20, 1910, President Cook of the Eastern Illinois State Normal School spoke of an address given by William A. J ones just be- fore he took charge of the Indiana State Nor- mal School as its first president. This talk was so profound, said Mr. Cook, that it put the body of teachers before whom it was delivered into a stupor bordering on sleep. This does not seem to be a very great recommendation for the erudition of President Jones; but in the sentence following Mr. Cook explained how the principles laid down in the address had remained in his mind to be pondered over for months, and how they had suddenly, one by one, at various times in his life, resolved them- selves into a clear, practical and Vital phil- osophy of education, if not of life in general. This speech, which came to mean so much to Dr. Cook, was adapted from the inaugural ad- dress in which Mr. Jones a few days later set up the ideals for the new Normal school, which began its work under his direction at Terre Haute, January, 1870. William VVOOd Parsons, whose twentyefifth anniversary as president of the State Normal School is being celebrated at this time, .was present as a student on the first day. He says: ttI remember the opening day as well as if it were yesterday-Jan. G, 187 040 years ago to- day. It was a cold, raw, windy day, and the halls and school rooms, for the most part, were cold and uninviting. The school did not have the semblance of a laboratory, not a piece of apparatus, and its library consisted of a Bible and a half dozen books donated by some pub- lishing. company. Its faculty consisted of a presidenteVV. A. Jonesewho had resigned the superintendency 0f the schools of Aurora, 111., to become its president; Professor Bosworth, who had just retired from the Terre Haute Fe- male Seminary, a school which occupied the oldest portion of the buildings now known as St. Anthonyis Hospital, this city; and Miss Newell, who had shortly before returned from a trip abroad, having been a member of Mark Twainis party, whose travels and adventures were afterwards recounted in his book, ttInno- cents Abroad? Later in the year, Lewis H. Jones, now president of the Michigan State Normal School at Ypsilanti; Nathan Newby, now a practicing physician in Kansas; Amanda B. Funnelle, at present a teacher in some in- stitution in the East; and Mary A. Bruce, de- ceased, were added, and Professors Bosworth and Newell retired. These five people, with, later, the additions of Prof. James Wilson, Cyrus Hodgin and Josiah T. Scovell, are the ones who, for the iirst several years, did the work of the school and gave it its first char- acter as a school for the training of teachersf, 1 Except for a few years spent in the univer- sity and in teaching at Indianapolis, Mr. Par- sons has been continuously connected with the State Normal since its foundation as student, as professor and as president. Such a record is unique in itself, and in View of his insight into educational affairs the following statement is significant; he says: ttThe original thought and spirit of this school were put into it by its first president and faculty, and, in my mind, no man who has ever labored in the educational work in In- diana, and no group of teachers that have worked in the schools of this state, did more to establish the work of teaching in Indiana upon sound principles than did William A. J ones and the men and women who were asso- ciated with him during the iirst period of this schoolis historyfig The original thought of the school may be said to be briefly embodied in the statement of 266 President Jones, ttThe fact in the thing, the law in the mind, and the method in both? Many mo'dern educators consider this the first vital statement of the problem of method in the history of education. It is the outgrowth of the club formed in St. Louis for the study of German philosophy. The late United States Commissioner of Education, William T. Harris, was superintendent of the St. Louis schools at the time and was throughout his lifefa warm friend of the Indiana State Normal. tPerhaps Vice-President Sandison by his teaching and his writing on the problem of method has done more to develop and keep the school truf: to this original thought than any other mirQKThe preservation of the spirit of the school, how- ever, has been due more to the long and ef- ficient service of President Parsons than to any other one thing. ttThe school set out to do honest, thorough work in whatever it undertook. President Jones and those associated with him had no sympathy with any kind of shoddy, superficial work. They believed that school work, like everything else, should be honestly and thoroughly done. Supei'iiciality has been the bane of school work in this country, and par- ticularly so in the training of teachers. The idea was somewhat prevalent that a fair degree of scholarship and a little smattering of methods, psychology, etc, made a teacher. This school in its early work was the most distinct and positive reaction against this conception that one could possibly conceive. It taught and in every class it practiced the doctrine that thorough, fundamental work in subject-matter of whatever kind is an absolute requisite of the teacherfm William Wood Parsons graduated from the State Normal in 1872 and became assistant in English Grammar and Composition in 1877. Later, during the year 1881-2 he became Vice-president and taught history and civil goVernment. His election to the presidency presents incidents of more interest than these on'account of the confidence .it shows in the ability and integrity of the man. THE NORMAL ADVANCE When the board of trustees for the State Normal met J une 11, 1885, there was consider- able excitement. It had been rumoreq among the students for several weeks that President Brown was about to resign. It was thought that in such case a successor would probably be elected at the meeting during commencement week. It is a well known fact that a school board of any kind can operate most fairly in the selection of teachers if it operates secretly, be- cause then no undue pressure can be brought to bear by the personal friends or opponents of any applicant. Consequently, it was not of- fically known to the students that a new presi- dent was to be chosen until the afternoon of J une 11. Immediately enthusiastic students circulated a petition and by the next morning nearly every student in attendance at the time had signed it. This petition, asking for the election of Vice-President Parsons to the posi- tion of President, was presented to the board on J une 12. All members of the board consist- of Hon. Murray Briggs of Sullivan, Indiana; Dr. B. F. Spann, Anderson; Baranabas C. Hobbs; John W. Holcombe, State Superin- tendent of Public Instruction; and J oseph Gil- bert, Terre Haute, were present. The applica- tions of twenty-seven 4 men for the position of president had to be examined. Late in the afternoon the chairman of the board came out of the ofiice and announced to the students waiting in the hall that Prof. Parsons had been unanimously chosen to succeed President Br0wn. Older members of the faculty tell us that the students gtwhooped things up livelytt in characteristic student fashion. The election of Mr. Parsons was favored by the alumni and the faculty, and though it can not be said that he sought the position, he was the logical candidate. In fact no other person was seriously considered in connection with the position. The records of the trustees show the follow- ing: uAt a full meeting of the board of trustees on June 12, 1885, Barnabas C. Hobbs oEered the following resolution: tResolved, That the THE NORMAL ADVANCE board elect W illianl W'. Parsons president of the Indiana State Normal School to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of George P. Brown.7 Petitions were received and read from the Alumni Association, the faculty and the students then in attendance asking for the election of M1 . Parsons t0 the presidency. President George P. Brown also recommended Mr. Parsons as a person well qualified for the position. The resolution of Barnabas C. Hobbs was unanimously adopted? Thus both the official records and the daily press bear witness to the fact that President Parsons entered upon the task of administer- ing the affairs of the Indiana. State Normal School possessed of the fullest confidence of all concerned. How he has fulfilled the expecta- tions of the men who so confidently placed him at the head of the State Normal School is worth a great deal of patient study. Stated brieiiy, it is the history of how he has kept the school true to its early ideal of thorough, pains- The Indiana State Normal School has been fm'tctuate in the high grade of the three Pvesi- dents who hmxe directed its educational policy. Wm. A. Jones, the first President, was a man of philosophic tendencies who had a deep faith in the theory that philosophic and psychological principles are the key to the process of educa- timz. As to the mastery of the subject matter, he fa'vm'ed, with strong emphasis, a thorough accuracy. He possessed a definite bent toward ethical training. This is made evident in his statement that the aim of education is behavior 267 taking training for teaching and at the same time enriched the school curriculum to meet the demands for higher scholarship made on the common school teachers of the state. While Mr. Parsons was Professor of History. and Cities and Vice-president he advocated a post-graduate course of one year for students who wished to prepare for superintendents and high school teachers in the state. This was tried during the year 1884-5, and a large share of the extra teaching burden of the course borne by the department of which Professor Parsons was the head. The next year as presi- dent of the school he began casting about for all practical means of increasing the efficiency of the entire school. It must be remembered, however, that there was a wave of economy in the air at the time of the election of President Parsons that led to an almost general redliction of the salaries of teachers at the State Normal, and he was concerned for a year or two with the problem of securing and maintaining a h and scholarship. He emphasized the theoretical side of education, but in connection with a small mnge of subject matter, consisting largely of the common school branches. He recognized the value of a larger scholarship, but he limited the educational process mainly to the common school branches in obedience to his conception of the nature of the law creating the school. He stood strongly for the doctrine that thei'e is a distinct field of professional ti'ainihg. The second President, George P. Brown, was a 1mm of large experience in practical education. In addition to the subordinate school positions he had held he had been Superintendent of the Schools of Richmond, Indiana, Principal of the Indianapolis High School, and Superintendent of the Indianapolis Schools. Naturally he em- phasised a wide range of scholarship. While he recognized the value of professional training he turned his thought mainly to the enlargement and enrichment of the course of study. The third President, Wm. W. Parsons, had been closely associated in thought and work with both of the Presidents who had preceded him. In his educational doctrine he adhered strongly to both of the factors emphasized by the other Ptesidents. By doing this, he gave the required completeness to the educational preparation fm- teachers. The State Normal School under his leadership has harmonized a wide range of . scholarship and thorough-going professional training, based on philosophical and psyeolo- meal principles. HOWARD SANDISON, Head of Department of Psychology. 268 THE.NORMAL ADVANCE w high grade of instruction with the available funds. Of the far reaching results of this tendency more shall be said in the course of this paper. The tire which destroyed the en- tire building and all the apparatus was another cause of delay. But through these years the school grew7 and Mr. Parsons was making an enviable reputation for economy and effective administration. However, in October, 1890, he felt j ustified in asking for an increase in the teaching force of the school. He said, ttThere is another reason why such additions ttwo or morey would be desirable. While the Normal School does not undertake the preparation of teachers for any grade of school work above the common public school, it should yet give the most thorough preparation required for all grades of public school teaching and manage- ment, including the common district school, the grade school, the high school and superin- tending town and city schools. The school af- fords fair preparation for this work, yet there are many of the best graduates of the institu- tion who, after teaching for a time, desire to continue their studies from one to two years. Most of these would prefer to do this advanced work in a Normal School where special atten- tion would be given to the pedogogical aspects of every advanced subject studied. A post- graduate course of two years, embracing thorough instruction in English, History, Latin and German, Mathematics, Natural Science, Logic and Philosophy, would afford this op- portunity. My opinion is, that the time is not very far distant, when the demand for this ad- vanced instruction in the Normal School will be very positive and earnest? 5 The immediate result was the granting of the money required for the additional teachers by the Legislature, and in 1891 Chas. M. Curry and Louis J . Rettger were added to the faculty. But the significant point is in the statement of what the post-graduate course should embody, and the expression of the opinion that the equivalent of a college course would be de- manded of the State Normal School at an early date. President Parsons evidently believed that the profession of teaching would demand this for itself, and the public would also de- mand this training of them. His theory bf the Normal School curriculum may be summarized as follows: iiThus, one who is preparing to teach the subject he is now mastering, adds a phase of reflection at every point, wholly un- necessary to the mastery of it, as a means of self-culture for its own sake. He is acquiring a teachers knowledge of the subject. ttIt may be objected that the Normal student is not mature and reilective enough to add this introspective act at every step. The answer is, that until he is able to begin to do this, he is not prepared to engage in the professional study of the Normal School curriculum. And here, I incline to believe, is the true test of qualifications for admission to the Normal School. Not that the applicant has a fair or even a liberal general knowledge of subjects, but that he is capable of making this introspec- tive study of the subjects in the Normal School courseFW If a young man preparing to teach were given the opportunity of choosing a college course at a standard college or the same sub- jects in a Normal School, he would be many times better fitted for the work of teaching if he Chose the latter. ttThe considerations adduced lead to the opin- ion that the Normal School must enlarge its course to cover the academic field required by the teachers whom it educates, and that it must treat these subjects persistently in the lightof the educational doctrine it holds and teachesf9 7 The effective administration of President Parsons has led to the realization of this theory in actual conditions in Indiana. ccIt seems that only recently has it been felt necessary for teachers in high schools to have a specialized professional training for their work in any way diiferent from the training of a teacher of the grades. That a high school teacher must have a more extensive and ad- vanced course of study from the academic point THE NORMAL ADVANCE 269 of view has always been conceded. That need for prospective high school teachers. Accord- is self-evident and by Virtue of the fact that only the colleges and universities were prepared to give this advanced grade of work, most of the persons looking forvard to service in the high schools were practically compelled to go to these institutions for their academic training and perhaps incidentally some professional training. Now the latest phase in the develop- ment of this field of work is the entering of several State Normal Schools upon the task of preparing secondary teachers. Of course every one who is at all familiar with the subject knows that for years some graduates of Normal Schools have been securing high school posi- tions, but not until very recently did the Nor- mals begin to install special courses of from two to four years for the preparation of high school teachers. The latest school to oii'er such a coarse is the Indiana State Normal at Terre Haute. tiVVhen the State Legislature during its ses- sion of 1906-07 in its legislation specifically recognized the high schools as an integral part of the common school system of the state, it then became in a more direct sense than ever before the duty of the State Normal School to provide an adequate and special course of study ingly early in the spring term of 1907 President Parsons appointed as a committee the follow- ing teachers to draw up plans and recommenda- tions for such a course: Professors Schlicher, COX, Kelso, Mutterer, Sandison and Bogardus. ttIn due time the committee reported to the Faculty and recommended that a four-yearst course of standard college grade be offered, graduation from this course to carry With it the degree of Bachelor of Arts. After two years successful teaching the graduate is to receive the diploma Which is a life state license in In- diana. The report of the committee was adopted, and preparations were begun looking towards opening the course for registration in the summer termft 8 In no other State Normal School has the in- troduction of a college course had a more rapid growth, and nowhere else has it taken such favorable hold on those preparing to teach. The course, which began its work only three years ago, has a senior class of fifteen members, or alrnost one-eighth of the total number of graduates from all courses at the Indiana State Normal School this year, and more than twice as many as the first class to graduate from the school in 1872. During the Fall and Having known President Parsons as head of the department, as Vtce-Prestdent, and as Presi- dent of the Indiana State Normal School, I am glad to have this opportunity to express my high appreciation of him as teacher, colleague, as a superior officer, and as a man. As a teacher he was sympathetic, thorough, and tolspirthg. As a colleague always co-opem- ttve, courteous, and helpful. As President, Mr. Parsons was peculwrly fitted for that high of- 7tee. He had been trained especially by one who gave to the Normal School an educational philo- sophy and ideal which not only the state, but the nation has recognized as superior, and with his experience, inside and out of the Normal School, and his unusual executive ability was eminently littcd to bring that educational phil- osophy to fruition and to thoroughly establish it in the educational forces of Indiana-a mohw meat worthy of twenty-jtve years of efort. As a man, he stands u four squarejt and 1 am proud to have been able to trust him as my esteemed friend and superior ofteer for so many years. A. R. CHARMAN, Head of the Department of Methods and Practice. 270 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Winter terms this year almost twenty per cent of the entire number of students in the school Were enrolled in the college course. Students who transferred from other courses and other colleges and took their A. B. degrees in this course are occupying the highest positions in the educational field. Professors E. D. Long of LaCrosse, Wisconsin State Normal; W. H. Langford, of Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Alabama; and R. R. Hyde, of Indiana State Normal, are representative men whose A. B. degrees were conferred by the Indiana State Normal School. President Parsons has a theory which may show how this change came about. This theory was not made to fit the peculiar development of the demand for well educated and profes- sionally trained teachers in Indiana, but it has been instrumental in bringing that change about because he has applied it to the adminis- tration of the State Normal. It is expressed very clearly in an address on H ow to Awaken an Interest and Create a Demand for mees- sionally Trained and Good T eachers, and f07' Such Only. 4The public is not interested in pedagogical problems; it is interested in results. The pub- lic has no time to spend in investigation of and judging of theories of education; it judges teaching by the boys and girls who leave the school. The conclusion is that, while through the efforts of the press and the natural contact of the best educational thought with the world at all points, much may be done to create a de- mand for good teachers only, still it rests mainly with the teaching world itself to bring the public to a truer understanding of all edu- cational problems and means of solving these. Little can be done by extraneous means to arouse public sentiment in favor of education and to create a demand for good teachers. When the school shall send forth young men and young women with an accurate working knowledge of what they have studied, even though the range of studies be more limited than at present, to a fair degree in possession of their faculties, imbued With a correct theory of life, trained to habitual obedience to all moral perceptions and sentiments, the problem of public interest in education will have 'solved itself? 9 That the Indiana State Normal has been busy preparing teachers, With the qualifications that Will make them sought everywhere, who will elevate the standards of teaching every- where they go is evidence that the theory is a thoroughgoing and eminently practical one. It is rare good common sense and observation that has enabled President Parsons to take such a view of things, and a rarer power of successful administration that has enabled him to influence so profoundly the entire state in the direction of the realization of the stand he took. It was mentioned earlier in the discussion that the board of trustees of the State Normal in the latter part of the tteightieslt was affected slightly by a popular wave in favor of economy in school administration, particularly in the payment of teachers. President Parsons hon- estly opposed this on principle. He said: ttThe large increase in attendance during the spying term of the year makes it necessary to employ several assistant teachers for this term. t t' t In this connection it is proper to say that one of the greatest difficulties experienced by a Normal School is the finding and securing of competent, professionally trained teachers. A Normal School is a school for the professional training of teachers. Manifestly, the teachers in such a school must themselves possess the highest professional ability and attainments. A general scholarship and culture, such as the college or university confers, however thorough and extended this may be, does not of itself prepare one to render the highest service as a teacher in a Normal School; and this for the reason that in the Normal School all subjects are taught and studied from a pedagogical point of view. The object is not simply, as in the general school, to give the student a thorough knowledge of the subject and to train THE NORMAL ADVANCE 271 him most efliciently by means of itenot this only, but in addition to enable him to master the method in the subject itself. The Normal student is to be taught how to teach the sub- j ect. A Normal School teacher, therefore, must be a teacher Who has added to a liberal and accurate scholarship a thorough understanding of the history, the science, and the art of edu- cation, and Who possesses that practical skill in instructing and management Which extended experience alone can give. A Normal School must select as its teachers persons of thorough and liberal scholastic training, of sound edu- cational views acquired by the study of educa- tion in all its phases, and 0f ascertained and demonstrated skill in the actual work ofithe school room. To do its work efficiently at Nor- mal School must be able, whenever a position is to be filled, to command the services of the most scholarly and the most thoroughly trained teacher to be found. Such persons hold the most responsible and most remunerative edue cational positions in the country, and to secure their services the Normal School must be able to offer a compensation not below that Which can be obtained by them elsewhere? 10 This statement, occurs not only in the report of 1892 but essentially in the report of 1886 and 1888. It is the local application of the thought held by Mr. Parsons that the salaries of public school teachers from the kindergarten t0 the university should be increased to an amount that Will attract the best talent and induce the highest training. He has persist- ently taught this doctrine throughout his career and has, as noticed earlier, applied it to the State Normal School. That President Parsons must have had a great deal of infiuence on the It has been my privilege to be intimately as- sociated with President Parsons during his en. tire presidency of the State Normal School. Throughout this quarter of a century I have seen the school grow through several stages-first, the stage of unfriendly criticism and ridicule Oil the part of the public, because, largely, of the rather primitive social habits of its pupils; second, the stage of toleratimc, in which the public i'lgarded the school often with indiffer- ence, bat with toleration, while the great seers, through ceaseless labor sailh all the more deeply and spread all the more widely their sound edu- cational ideas and finally, the third or present stage, in which the Indiana State Normal School and its principles have come to be generally and afectimtately recognized as the greatest intellec- tual force which is shaping education and the y profession of teaching in the State of Indiana. Through all these various phases of develop- ment, and by these criticisms, both friendly avid unfriendly, but more than all else, through the guidance of wise guides, has this great progress been made. And these principles have been so formative in their power and these great leaders so powerful in their leadership, that during the last quarter century no state of om entire nation has surpassed, if it has equaled, the influence of Indiana in advancing wise educational thought throughout the entire nation. In the very midst then, of the educational leaders of the American Nation during the last twenty-five years, were the leaders of education in Indiana; and in the very midst of the educav tional leaders of Indiana stands now and has stood when he was hot advancing toward the front, am much honored and much beloved President. President Parsons has fought and won many battles; he has given kindly counsel and sympathetic advice to scores of thousands of young people struggliiig for the truth; he has mightily assisted in moulding almost every phase of educational policy throughout the State of Indiana during the last twenty-hve years; his ideas and influence have become part and parcel of the wai'p and woof of American education. It is because of this untii'ing labor, these battles, these victories, and the inspiration which they give us to go forth, and, with equal courage and equal wisdom win as great ones, that we at this time unstintedly give our honor and our affection to him who has shown us how to gird up the lotus and led us in the fight. ELLWOOD W. KEMP, Head of Department of American History. 272 THE NORMAL ADVANCE attitude toward the pecuniary side of school teaching in this state is unquestionable. Per- haps there is no more signiiicant fact in the history of the fight for increased wages for teachers in Indiana than the fact that Fasset A. Cotton, Elmer Burritt Bryan, and many other prominent educators, school superinten- dents, etc., of this state a few years ago at- tended the State Normal in the later part of the tteighties8 and early part of the ttninetiesf? It was under the leadership of Mr. Cotton as state superintendent that both the minimum qualification and the minimum wage laws were passed. But supposing there is nothing direct in the connection we have established between the work of President Parsons and the final enactment of the laws mentioned, there are still excellent grounds for assuming that the large number of brilliant teachers and school admin- istrators graduated by the Indiana State Nor- mal School have all been profoundly influenced by the teaching, the work, and the personal contact with William Wood Parsons. In the report of the President of the Faculty t0 the State Legislature after the disastrous fire of 1888 there is not the least sign of dis- may at the apalling loss and inconvenience, nor one word of pride in the successful way in which the school was being conducted in spite of the fire. He simply says ttThrough the courtesy of Centenary Methodist and other churches of the city, and the kindness of pri- vate citizens ample assembly and recitation room was placed at the disposal of the Normal School till the second floor of the city high school building could be put into condition to be occupied, which required about three weeks. The board of trustees of the city schools of Terre Haute bore the expense of this and 0f- fered the Normal School the use of these quarters until such time as more permanent ac- commodations could be provided. The gen- erous tender of ample room in which to con- tinue its work was accepted by the Normal School?7 11 The report of the board of Visitors for 1889 shows some evidences of the good work Presi- dent Parsons was doing under the most unfav- orable conditions. It gives him due credit for his careful administration after the tire. ttThe Visitors desire to express their satis- faction at the general appearance ' 0f the school. Laboring under many disadvantages, occupy- ing limited and inconvenient quarters, deprived by the fire of much apparatus and means of illustrating work in science, as well as of a library, the institution is still moving on with great success. The number in attendance, as we understand, exceeds that of any previous term. There was evident a strong disposition 0n the part of the students to use most effectu- ally every opportunity presented, a spirit of wakefulness and industry pervaded the school, The students seemed ready and anxious to do their part of the work. The recitations were animated, and evinced a thoughtful intelli- gence that was very gratifying; and they seem- ed to perform their duties with a pleasing cheerfulness. This condition of the school is of itself a powerful witness to the wisdom and efficiency of the management? 12 President Parsons has always kept before him the great purpose of the foundation of any Normal School and the specialization of the purpose in Indiana. He is opposed to any sort of ttshowing 011? and is utterly fearless of changing anything connected with the school whenever it becomes, in his judgment7 for the best interests of the school to do so, regardless of whether the face presented to the public is as imposing as before or not. This does not mean that he is not proud of the school and his work in connection with it. He has been in the school so long that nearly every member of the faculty is a man chosen by himself for the subject he is teaching. It is the opinion of many men who have been connected with this school and other schools in this state and other states, that a higher minded, more scholarly, and more effective body of educators have not been got together in any college or Normal School in the middle west. On the other hand, THE NORMAL ADVANCE M few Normal Schools anywhere are so well fur- nished With the truly essential equipment of the technical school of its classea Normal is as truly a technical school as the school of engi- neering. These things having appeared under the guiding hand of President Parsons; he may justly feel proud of them and continue his work with the singleness and sincerity of mind that has made them possible. A corporation whose wealth might be figured in billions prizes as a priceless jewel the man who applies as eX- cellent judgment and thorough-going interest MAIN BUILDING to the solution of commercial problems as Mr. Parsons has to the administration of the In- diana State Normal School. If, as President Elmer Burritt Bryan 0f Colgate University believes, Indiana has contributed money to no other one thing so profitably as she has to her one State Normal School, how inadequate it would be to estimate the value of the service of President Parsons in any less terms than, In- diana has invested money in no other one man so profitably as she has in William Wood Par- sons. 273 If there is any one thought that Mr. Par- sbns has kept before him during his career it is the purpose of this school as declared by the act of the General Assembly of Indiana, ttThat there shall be established and maintained as hereinafter provided a State Normal School, the object of Which shall be the preparation of teachers for teaching in the common schools of Indiana? . itThis statute defines clearly the object of the State Normal Schools. Its sole function is the preparation of teachers for the common TRAINING SCHOOL schools of the state. By What means does it seek to give this preparation? The answer may be made as follows: I. ttIt seeks to lead the pupil to acquire a thorough, scientific knowledge of the branches he is to teach. II. ttIt endeavors to give its students a knowledge of the nature, processes, laws and products of the human mind. III. ttThe correct theory of the school is sought to be imparted by a study of the train- ing schools in their actual operation, by an ex- 274 THE NORMAL ADVANCE tended study of the history and science of edu- cation, and by the method of performing the daily class work in all departments?7 13 The training school consisting of the first eight grades under four expert teachers, the last four grades under trained specialists in their respective lines and in pedagogy, and the country training school make the conditions approach the ideal for accomplishing the pur- pose stated in N0. III. Nathan P. SchaHer, State Superintendent of Pennsylvania, has said that nowhere is the purpose of the Normal School better under- stood than that in the school under the charge of President W. W. Parsons. This is true be- cause Mr. Parsons has been true to the humble purpose of the people in creating the school, and t0 the ideals put into it by its first Presi- dent, WVilliam A. Jones. Quoting from Mr. Parsons himself: ttUpon What Will the Normal Schoolis future depend? In a word, I think upon the schoolts remaining true to its ideals and upon its ability to adapt itself in its courses of instruction, work, methods and everything else to the new conditions Which our developing civilization Will force upon 11s.,7 1-9 This year for the twenty-fifth time William Wood Parsons Will issue certificates of gradua- tion to the members of a senior class. Students, faculty, and alumni are joining to honor him for his service. Not only for his efficiency do we tfor I am glad I am one among those who know him thust honor him, but for his broad generous mind, his saving common sense; and his quick personal sympathy, we admire him. In our work at I. S. N. S. he has been a friend to each of us. We are his friends now, and ever shall be. 1 Address of President ParsonSeDelivered 0n the Fortieth Anniversary of the Opening of the Indiana. State Normal SchooleNORMAL ADVANCE, Vol. 15, p. 103-104. 2 Ibid., p. 104. 3 Ibid., p. 105. .9 The Terre Haute Express, June 12. 1885. J Biennial Report, p. 64--Rep0rt 0f the President of the Faculty for the Two Fiscal Years, Ending Oct. 31, 1890. G The Normal School CurriculumeVVilliam Wood Parsons-Report 0f Bound V01. for 1890, p. 721. 7 Ibid., p. 724. 8 The College Course-F. S. Bogarduse-THE NORMAL ADVANCE, V01. 13, p. National Educational Association, 305. .0 Address of Wm. Wood ParsonseProceedings of National Educational Association for 1887, p. 250-253. 10 Biennial Report of Indiana State Normal School for Oct. 31, 1892.4Rep01't of President of Faculty. JI Biennial Report for Oct. 1890, p. 66. 12 Biennial Report for Oct. 1890eReport of Official Visitors. - J3 Biennial Report of I. S. N., Oct. 18864Rep0rt of President of Faculty. 1:: Address of President Parsons-NORMAL ADVANCE, Vol. 15, p. 107. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 275 The Summer Term The State Normal School held its first Sunl- 111er session in 1894. Early in that year the question of the desirability of a short Summer term was raised and discussed by the Faculty, and the conclusion was reached that there was no demand for it. WVhen the school refused to favor the movement as a fact of the regular school year, the matter was discussed as a pri- LOUIS JOHN RETTGER Professor of Physiology vate undertaking by a few members of the Faculty. Very few of the Faculty believed in it or wanted to have anything to do with it. Professor Grilluni. head of the department of Chemistry and Physics and Dr. Rettger. head of the department of Biology, were in favor of offering some courses. It was thought that some work in the professional subjects ought to be offered. Professor Sandison was at that time head of the Professional department. in- cluding Psychology. Methods and Practice. and Professors Charman and Stalker were As- sistant Professors. Neither Professor Sandi- son nor Irrofessor Charinan 'ared t0 OHer any work, and it was agreed that Professor Stalkeii should represent the Professional department. So the Faculty of the first Summer term had three 1nemberseProfessors Gillnm, Rettger and Stalker. Professor Gillinn Offered courses in Chemistry and Physics; Dr. Rettger Offered courses in Physiology, Botany, and Zoology; and Professor Stalker offered courses in Edu- cational Psychology, Experimental Psychol- ogy,' and Methods. The length of the term was five weeks. The tuition was ten dollars. Imagine the surprise and the chagrin of the other members of the Faculty when they learned that one hundred ten students en- rolled the first day. And imagine the joy with which those three members divided $1,100 by three and thus increased their bank accounts. It was like getting money from home. In those days $50 was the maximum fee for a week of County Institute work, and the re- turns of the Summer term had exceeded this. ROBERT GREENE GILLUM Professor of Physics and Chemistry The term was full of work and passed rap- idly. That there was a demand for a Sum- 1ner term had been demonstrated. In the Summer of 1895 the same members oifered work again. and Professor Kelso, head of the Department of hiatheinatics, was added to the Summer Term Faculty. The attendance was two hundred two-$2,0QO to be di- vided by four. This was very interesting in- 276 deed, and it was an argument that convinced I ' other members of the Faculty that there was a demand for a Summer term. As the writer recalls the events of these first two years he has a hazy memory of an incident in connec- tion with the record year that runs about this an: FRANCIS MARION STALKER Professor of History of Education Four students who did not have the ready cash for their tuition were admitted with the promise that they should pay when they could. When the fund was divided it was agreed that each member of the Faculty should accept one of these due bills, and that the distribution should be by lot. The memory of the writer, who ian quite sure about this, has it that one member had decided that one of the accounts was not exactly ttgilt edge17 and that he juggled the drawing so that the poor account fell to the lot of the new member of the Faculty. As the writer remembers it the new member and the other two members were paid in due time, and the member who juggled the lots never did receive hisebut the writer isntt quite sure about this. In 1896 a few other members of the Faculty offered courses and the fund was prorated ac- cording to the number of students in the de- THE NORMAL ADVANCE g: partment. The attendance was three hundred six. The Board was convinced that there was a real demand for a Summer term, and in 1897 it was made a regular part of thefchool year. The growth in the attendance since has fully justified this action. In 1908 the roll was 1,353, and in 1909 it was 1,150. The attendance in 1908 was somewhat increased by the new school law which went into effect at that time. The School legislation of 1907 made another over-laps the last half of the Spring term and over-caps the last half of the Spring term and all of the Summer Term and is known as the Mid-Spring term. It was created to the demands of high school graduates, who must have twelve weeks of training in a pro- fessional school in order to qualify to teach school. It has met the needs fairly well. but meet OSCAR LYNN KELSO Professor of Mathematics a new demand is clearly in sightathat of a school year of four full quarters. The chang- ing conditions in the state including the re- quirements for larger scholarship and more professional training on the part of teachers, along with the gradual lengthening of the school term in country, town and city makes this a necessity that cannot long be delayed. It has always been the policy of the school to provide the best facilities possible for the teachers of the state and this new demand will doubtless be taken care of in due season. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 277 SOME OTHER MEMBERS OF THE FACULTY ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM CHARLES MADLSOAN CURRY Librarian and Professor of Library Science Professor 01 Literature MARY ELINOR MORAN Assistant Professor of Literature CHARLES REDWAY DRYER WILLIAM THOMAS TURMAN Professor of Geography and Geology Professor of Penmanship and Drawing 744ml, A 278 THE NORMA 4 ADVANCE f! - JOHN BENJAMIN WISELY Professor of English Grammar and Composition 9 WILLIAM ALLEN MCBETH Assistant Professor of Gzographv JOHN PATTON KIMMEL Professor of Physical Training 052:0 JOHN JACOB SCHLICHER Professor of Latin FRANK RAWDON HIGGINS Assistant Professor of Mathematics THE NORMAL ADVANCE FREDERICK GILBERT MUTTERER Professor of German ERLEZELSWORTH CLIPPINGER Assistant Professor of English Grammar and Composition ULYSSES ORANGE COX Professor of Zoology and Botany FREDERICK HENRY WENG Assistant Professor of Latin DXX ROSE MARIAN COX Assistant Pxofessor of Gzrman 279 A .Lu. .mmmm 11.: v... gm . -gmx Mxm J; 3 a e i 1 4. '1 i 280 THE NORMAL ADVANCE EDWIN MORRIS BRUCE V L MERIT LEES LAUBACH Assistant Professor of Physics and Chemistry Professor 0f Manual Training FRANK SMITH BOGARDUS Professor of European History MARTINA CECILIA ERICKSON JAMES HARVEY BAXTER Dean of Women Assistant Profane: of Mathematics THE NORMAL ADVANCE 281 i . i I J SARAH SWIHART Assistant Professor of English Grammar and Composition W. O. LYNCH Assistant Professor of History WALTER H. WOODROW Teacher of Science, Training School wmmwmmm-mwwmvwwwwr r A. . U l 3 LAURA MINTURN ELIZABETH CRAWFORD Professor of Music Teacher of English History, Training School 282 THE NORMAL ADVANCE MABEL BONSALL Teacher of Mathematics, Training School ALICE O. WOODY . Grades One and Two, Training School TELULAH ROBINSON Grades Five and Six, Training School CAROLINE SCHOCH ANNE CLARE KEATING Teacher of German, Training School Assistant Librarian THE NORMAL ADVANCE 283 an... 'WWVWFM EMMA AGNES SMITH Clerk MINNIE ELI ZABETH HILL Registrar CUMAE D. APPEL ' . Bookkeeper HELEN M. CRANE Assistant Librarian CHARLOTTE BERTHA SCHWEITZER AUSTIN W. INMAN Spring Assistant in Grammar Spring Assistant in History 284 THE NORMAL ADVANCE History of I. S. N. for the Past Year WM. E. EDINGTON The school year, 1909-1910 is notable in many respects. It marks the fortieth year in the history of our school, and its close in J une will complete the twenty-tifth year of service of Dr. W. XV. .Parsons as president. Forty years ago, J anuary 6, 1870, to be exact, the Indiana State Normal School was opened for the education of the public school teachers of the State of Indiana, and twenty-three students were enrolled to begin work. Among these twentv-three students was William Wood LIBRARY DOOR, 7:30 A. M. Parsons. who completed the course offered and was graduated with the first class of nine in 1872. In this same class was also the young man who became later our Vice-President, Howard S!IldlSOIl. Four years after gradua- tion, Mr. Parsons was called to take a position as assistant professor of English Grammar and Composition. Nine years later, in 1885, he became the third President of I. S. N., suc- ceeding President George P. Brown, and he has spent the last twenty-five years, laboring incessantly to make Indianats one State Nor- . inal the, grand and noble institution which it now is. Fitting exercises were held Jan. 6, 1910 in , Normal Hall to commemorate the fortieth an- niversary 0f the schools opening, at which President Parsons recounted the experiences and hardships of the struggling institution in a its slow but sure development into the greatest Normal School in the United States. The last week in this schOol year, beginning J une 19, will witness the greatest combined ac- tivity of the school and its Alumni in its his- tory. The week is to be a gala week, celebrating the twenty-fifth anniversary of the election of Mr. Parsons t0 the Presidency, and a general home-coming week for the alumni all over the United States. all Alumni who could be located, and no doubt the halls of I. S .N. will resound again with the voices of the ttboys and girlsll of the Vols, l80ls and 90s. During the week the beautiful new library building will be dedi- cated and also the new athletic field. We shall not go further into detail in regard to the pro- gram of the week as other pages of THE AD- VANCE will be devoted entirely to that. One thing, however, which is exceedingly worthy of mention at this point is the love and de- votion for President Parsons being shown by the Alumni over the State. A committee com- posed of very many of the leading educators of the State, representing the general Alumni body, has made arrangements for the painting of a portrait of President Parsons, which is to be placed in the new library as a token of the high regard and esteem with which our Presi- dent is held by his ttboys and girls? The fol- lowing well known Alumni constitute the com- mittee: R. W. Himelick, chairman; R. J . Dearborn, treasurer; Lawrence McTurnan, secretary; B. F. Moore, John A. Wood, E. H. Drake, J . W. Laird, E. E. Robey, Guy C. Invitations have been sent to' .AJ-a'nmlI THE NORMAL ADVANCE Hanna, J. L. Clauser, Brainard Hooker, E. G. Bauman, W. T. Orr, Chas. 1V. Dodson, C. H. Copeland, F. W. Miles, J. P. Richards, Mary K. Voight, XVill E. Edington, George C. Cole, XV. H. Stone, J. G. Hirsbrunner, Frances Bene- dict. H. A. Henderson, T. F. Fitzgibbon. F. S. Morganthnler, 1V. C. Goble. J. B. Fagan, E. N. 285 years of effort and preparation. The contract for the building was let August 6, 1907, and two years and five months were required for its construction; The appropriation made by the State for its construction was $99,970. The enlarging 0f the site and the purchase of stacks and furnishings has made the total cost nearly NEW LIBRARY Canine, 1V. D. Curtis, James H. Gray, M. B. Kirk, T. C. Gray, H. A. Brown, G. M. Wilson, T. W'. Records, A. B. Wright, Laura Benedict, Arthur Deamer, C. E. V inzant, R. N. Tryon, C. L. Wagner, E. N. Haskins7 F. D. McElroy, J. 1V. Holton, J . Walter Dunn, Ora E. Cox. The new library building Will be dedicated June 21, 1910, and will mark the close of many $150,000, the additional cost being paid With sums taken from the library and maintenance funds. ttThe result is the handsomest building in the state devoted to library purposes and is a durable and magnificent monument to our great system of common schools? ttThe meaning and purpose of this building is well typified in the dome, Which sheds its t beautiful soft light over the reading room. In 286 h a setting of opalescent art glass, there is, in the zenith of the dome, a reproduction in Oil of Raphaelis figure symbolizing Philosophy, Which, in the broad mediaeval usage, included all the liberal arts and sciences. The original is found in the ceiling of the most magnificently decorated room in the world, the Camera della Segnatura in the Vatican palace at Rome. Reading Room from Charging Desk Charging Desk from Stacks tiBeIow this figure there is a series of twenty four wreathed medallions pierced by flaming torches, with an open book in the center of each wreath. Beneath the torches and wreaths are the names of noted philosophers and educators THE NORMAL ADVANCE t from the earliest t0 the present time, including the names of six Indiana educators, which oc- cupy the last quadrant. It seemed fitting to represent the school in this list, and on the re- quest of the faculty and hundreds of students, Mr. Parsonst protest ms over-ruled and his name placed in the dome, as a tribute to his long and honorable career as a student of the LIBRARY VIEWS Stack Room Leaking North Reading Room and Stacks from Front Door first graduating class and a life time of sere Vice to the institution and the state. 4tOn the lower part of the dome are inscrip- tions, beginning With an extract from the 01'- dinance of 1787, which gave educational free- THE NORMAL ADVANCE 287 1 dom t0 the Northwest. gEducation shall be forever encouragedf followed by another ex- tract from the first Constitution of the State of Indiana, 1816, 4Knowledge and learning, generally diffused through a community, es- sential t0 the preservation of a free govern- ment? Attention is here also called to the Constitution of 1851. which gave SIX general and uniform system of 00111111011 schools.7 and t0 the Act of the legislature of 1865, which estab- lished the Indiana State Normal School for the tPreparation of teachers., ,t With the accession of the new library, the rooms formerly occupied by the 01d library have been partitioned off into :1 number of C. B. BACON, A. M. Professor of Reading and Public Speaking beautiful, well lighted class rooms, Which have relieved the spring term congestion very much. They have been lettered and assigned to the following departments: Writing and Draw- ing, D and E, Professor Turman; Latin, F, Assistant Professor Weng; German, G and H, Professor Mutterer and Assistant Professor COX; and Mathematics, I, Assistant Professor Higgins. An entrance has been made to this part of the building Which is now used by the students in passing from the main building across Eagle street to the new Library build- mg. ROSCOE RAYMOND HYDE, A. M. Pxofessor of Botany and Zoology The new Parsons Field will also be dedi- cated June 21. The old field, which was located at Seventeenth and Oak streets, was sold to the city of Terre Haute for park purposes, and a new field was bought. It is located on the 01d rolling mill site between the Vandalia and Big Four railroads, and First and Second streets. Much work has been put upon it, and, now I. S. N has one of the finest athletic fields in the State. It is large enough for football, GUY C. HANNA Principal Normal Training School 288 THE NORMAL ADVANCE a MISS ALMA McCRUM Instructor 3rd and 4th Grades, Normal Training School and the track around it is one-sixth mile in length. Tennis courts are situated in the north and east ends. TWO large, substantial grand stands afford excellent seating for spectators. Since the F ield is much nearer to the school, athletics has taken on new life, and all con- tests are being much better supported by the student body. ' NOW we shall hastily review the history of the past year. Several changes have occurred CEPHAS GUILLET, Ph. D. Professor of Psychology in the Faculty during the school year. Assist- ant Professor C. Homer Bean, 0f the Psy- chology Department, has been away on a years leave of absence and his position has bEen ably filled by Dr. Cephas Guillet; Professor J ames L. Lardner. head of the Department of Read- ing and Public Speaking, resigned at the close of the school year 1908-1909 and accepted a position in the Department of Oratory at Northwestern University. Professor 0. B. Bacon was called from the State Normal School at Stevens Point, VVis., to take the position made vacant by Mr. Lardnerts resignation. As- sistant Professor Oliver S. Thompson, of the Department of Physiology and Biology, also MISS EDITH BAILEY Physical Director for Women withdrew at the close of the school year and was succeeded by Assistant Professor Roscoe R. Hyde, a member of the first class to gradu- ate from our College Course. In March, 1910, Miss Edith Hamilton, of the Department of Physical Training for Women, resigned, and was succeeded by Miss Edith A. Bailey. In the training school, two changes have been made since the last school year. Professor J ames O. Engleman, principal of the Training and High Schools, resigned to accept a posi- tion as head of the Department of Education in the Wisconsin State Normal at LaCrosse. The principalship was then tendered Professor THE NORMAL ADVANCE 289 f Guy C. Hanna, who has had charge of the Training Schools the past year. In the grades Bliss Alma McCrum succeeded Miss Edith Bader, Who is on a yeafs leave of absence com- pleting her work in the College Course. The spring assistants in the various depart- ments are: Mathematics, Mr. Ernst Unver- ferth; Grammar, Misses Bertha Schweitzer and Edythe Blaydes; Reading and Public Speaking, Miss Selma Vognild; History, Mr. A. W. Inman; Methods, Miss Edith Bader; Sewing and Manual Training, Miss Ivah Rhyan; Psychology, Miss Jessie 13. Robin- son; and Music, Mrs. Waterman. The mid- spring assistants are: Mr. Ernest Tillman, EDITH BLAYDES Spring Assistant, Grammar Geography; Mr. Alvan Payne, Grammar; Miss Orrelle Fidlar, Drawing and Writing; Mr. Will E. Edington, Arithmetic; Miss Edith Bader, History of Education; Mr. WVm. E. Smythe, Methods; Miss Susie Jaques, Psy- chology; Mr. John L. Butsch. Physiology; Miss Lulu Robinson, Reading; and Miss Nellie Haberstich, Music. The enrollment for the past year has been exceedingly gratifying. In the summer term of 1909, 1,150 students were enrolled and in the fall term of 1909, 543; 588 were doing work in the Winter term of 1910, and 1,568 students are enrolled and doing work at the present ERNEST UNVERFERTH Spring Assistant, Mathematics time. Of these 481 are students working in the mid-spring courses. The mid-spring term did not begin this year until May 30, and it Will close two weeks after the close 0f the summer term, 011 Aug. 19, 1910. The graduating classes of the Normal School system are three, totaling a membership of 182. Of these 145 are graduates from the regular Normal Course. This class is the largest class graduated from the Normal course in the history of I. S. N. The Senior class of the College Course numbers 15 students, and the Senior class from the Normal High School MISS EDITH BADER Spring Assistant. Methods MRS. CHARLOTTE WATERMAN Spring Assistant, Music numbers 22 students. These 22 students eon- stitute the Iirst graduating class from the Nor- mal High School. The Senior class of the College Course shows an increase of eight over that Of last year and is composed of young men and women who no doubt Will help-make the College Course well known and highly respected over the State. As to What the College Course has already done and What its graduates have been doing the past year is well shown in' the following tabu- lated data: In these lists of College Course graduates, SELMA VOGNILD Spring Assistant in Reading and Public Speaking THE NORMAL ADVANCE N such data as may be of interest have been in- cluded. Following the names are major sub- jects 0f the graduates, then the names of schools in Which they have done work'or from Which they have graduated, and last their locations and positions for the past year. Class of 1.908. 1. Hervey A. Henderson, History; Battle Creek, Mich., College; superintendent of schools, Goodland, Ind. 2. Roscoe R. Hyde, Zoology; graduate, Normal Course; Indiana University; Asst. Professor of Biology, I. S. N. S. 3. Ernest D. Long, Education; Chicago University; graduate, Michigan University; IVAH M. RHYAN, t07 Spring Assistant in Manual Training Head of Department of Latin, Wisconsin State Normal, LaCrosse, Wis. 4. Walter W. Woodrow, Biology; graduate, Normal Course; Instructor of Science, Normal High School, I. s. N. s. Class of 190.9. 1. Will E. Edington, Mathematics; gradu- ate, N ormal Course; Instructor in Mathematics and Physics, Brazil, Ind., High School. 2. Orrelle F idlar, Literature; graduate, Normal Course; Instructor in Drawing, Brazil, Ind., City Schools. 3. Dorathea Finley, English; Indiana Uni- THE NORMAL ADVANCE versity; Instructor in Latin, Kingman, Ind., High School. . 4. W'iloy Hitchcock, Chemistry; graduate, Normal Course; principal of High School, Monrovia, Ind. 5. XVade H. Langford, Chemistry; gradu- ate, Normal Course; Indiana University: Prom fessor of Chemistry and Physics in Tuskeegee Institute, Tuskeegee, Ala, 1910-1911. 6. Marian Sammis, Latin; XVestern College for Women, Oxford, Ohio; Instructor in Latin, Occidental College, Los Angeles, Cal. 7. Grace VVeills, History; Leland Stanford, J12, University; teacher in grades. Terre Haute. Ind. JESSIE ROBINSON Spring Assistant, Psychology Class of 1910. 1. Edith M. Bader, Education; graduate, Normal Course. 2. Wm. T. Barbre, English; graduate, Nor- mal Course. 3. Marian A. Barbour, English; graduate, Normal Course. 4. Wm. E. Best, Physics; Alfred Univer- sity, S...VV. New York. 5. Bertha E. Dodson, Mathematics; gradu- ate, Normal Course. 6. Laura Ellis, Normal Course. German ; transfer from 291 WILLIAM E. SMYTHE . Mid-Spring Assistant, Methods 7. Samuel F. Hildebrand, Zoology; gradu- ate, N ormal Course. 8. Mrs. Mary 0. Howard, English; gradu- ate, Normal Course. 9. Mattie L. Johnson, English; transfer from Normal Course. 10. Mrs. Eleanor Cunningham Jones, Ger- man; Lausanne Seminary, Switzerland. 11. Ruth A. King, Latin; transfer from Normal Course. 12. Helen A. Ross, Latin; transfer from Normal Course. . MELVIN K. DAVIS Laboratory Assistant, Geography 292 RAY JARED Laboratory Assistant in Physics and Chemistry 13. Lois Ann Rutledge, Biology; Western College for Wyomen, Oxford, Ohio. 14. Edgar M. Servies, Mathematics; VVa- bash College; graduate, Normal Course. 15. M. Ruby VVeills, Drawing; Leland Stanford, J1'., University. As to the continuous growth of the College Course the two following self-explanatory tables will show. The first table shows the en- rollment of both men and women for each of the four terms in the three years of the coursets history. FRED DONOGHY Laboratory Assistant, Physiology THE NORMAL ADVANCE Fall Winter Spring Summer 1907- 1908 Men 14 6 7 30 Women 24 28 33 50 1908-1909 Men 28 9 11 26 Women 36 49 50 66 1909-1910 Men 33 14 15 34 Women 46 58 57 73 This second table shows the total number en- rolled each term and the total number of dife ' ferent students doing work in the Course dur- ing each school year: Fall Winter Spring Summer Total 1907-1908 38 3-1 40 80 120 1908-1909 64 58 61 92 157 1909-1910 79 72 72 119 From this we readily see that the College Course, has come to stay and that in it the CHAS. MONTGOMERY Laboratory Assistant, Botany and Zoology Normal School has met another great need in the development of the educational system of our State. Hand in hand with the institutional enter- prises, nearly all student, enterprises have been crowned with success. The Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. have both had exceedingly successful years, and each has done a great work for the moral7 intellectual and social welfare of the student body. The enrollment of the Y. M. C. A. in the Winter term was 141, Which is sur- prisingly strong when it is remembered that the winter term is one of the smallest terms in THE NORMAL ADVANCE the school year as far as total enrollment is concerned. The VVomantS League has carried on its good work along the lines outlined last year, which has resulted in a closer co-operation of all the women students instead of only those who be- long to the various sections. Two new sections have been-formed during the past year, the ttRosa. Bonhemm and the ttChi Sigma Tau? Perhaps the greatest activity, however, has been shown in the oratorical and debating fields. All five of the debating societies have had a chance to test their mettle. In the inter- society contests, the Philomathean and Ale- thenai Debating clubs argued the question, ALVIN C. PAYNE, '99 Mid-Spring Assistant in Grammar ttRe'solved, That the immigration laws should be further restricted;, in which the Alethenai came off victors. In the Cieeronian-Daedalian debate, the same question as was to be used in the inter-Normal contest was debatedHtRe- solved, That a graduated income tax would be a desirable modification of the present Federal system? The Ciceronians were declared the victors. In the preliminary debating contest, Messrs. W. F. Mitchell, Wm. Cain, D. R. Henry:l and J. J. Hufford were chosen to do battle With the Illinois State Normal Univer- sity, as I. S. N35 representatives. The pre- liminary contest in oratory resulted in Mr. ORRELLE FIDLAR e Mid-Spring Writing and Drawing Cecil A. Kibbey winning first place and the honor of representing I. S. N . in the third In- diana- State Oratorical Contest under the aus- pices 0f the Intercollegiate Peace Association. Miss Emma Ingling was given second place and the honor of being our representative in the Inter-Normal contest to be held at Bowling Green, Ky. ' The second annual debating contest between I. S. N. and the Illinois State Normal Univer- sity was held in Normal Hall, May 20, 1910 and resulted in a second Victory for I. S. N. WILL E. EDINGTON, t09 Assistant Depth of Mathematics, Mid-Spring 293 294 JOHN L. BUTCH Mid-Spring Assistant in Physiology Our debators were Messrs. Wm. Cain, Waldo F. Mitchell, and D. R. Henry. The question de- bated was ttResolved, That a graduated income tax would be a desirable modification 0f the present Federal system? ' In the oratorical contests we were not so fortunate, which can be partly accounted for in the fact that this is the first year we have been represented in one of the contests, the Intercollegiate Peace Association Contest, held at Wabash College, April 15, 1910, and the field of labor has been much greater. While the showing this year is not quite as strong as that of last year, when I. S. N. won both in debat- SUSIE jACQUES Mid-Spring Assistant in Psychology THE NORMAL ADVANCE ing and oratory, yet we have every reason to expect that within a few years our school will become a factor along with those institutions which have been entered into these contests for years. In the Inter-Normal contest held at Bowling Green, Ky, May 27, 1910, between the Athens, Ohio, State Normal, the Bowling Green, Ky., State Normal, and I. S. N., Miss Emma Ingling earned second place. All in all our work in this line for the past year can be considered fairly successful7 as new interest has been aroused and the field of labor broadened to such an extent that we predict a very brilliant future for I. S. N. in oratory and debating. The athletic outlook for the future is much brighter at the present than for years, since the new Parsons Field has been located so close to the Normal School as to be reached by a walk of a few minutes. Some attempt was made in the fall at football, but owing to the lateness of the opening of the fall term, little could be done. In basket ball we had only an average team, which did credit to itself considering the various handicaps which it had to undergo. However, our baseball team is exceptionally strong this year. At the present writing eleven games have been played, eight of which have been Victories. The most brilliant of these vic- tories was that over the Rose Polytechnic team, May 28, at Parsons Field. The contest ran to fourteen innings and was won by a score of 1 to O. The heroes of the contest were Pitcher Fort- ner and Outfielder Friedman, Fortner bringing in the run on a three-base hit by Friedman. The hoodoo has been broken and I. S. N. is a de- cided factor in this line of athletics. Little else of importance has happened dur- ing the past year but what will be taken up in detail in other pages of THE ADVANCE. Every- thing considered, however, points to just one great fact, that the Indiana State Normal is coming into its own7 and henceforth the closer co-operation that is being shown between the institution and its Alumni and students can have only one result, the bettering of our pro- fession. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 295 t The World of Books and the World of Men? DEMARCHUS C. BROWN, Ph. D. Extract from Speech at Dedication of New Library. A character whoin I shall call a lover of books speaks as follows in an ancient writer: ttIf you listen to me I will, in the first place, show you many deeds of ancient heroes. I Will make clear to you their wonderful life and words. I Will give you experience in every- thing, so to speak, and your soul, Which is the most masterful thing in you, I Will adorn with many fine decorations, namely, soundness of character, right living, reverence, mildness, humility, intelligence, strength, and the love of the beautiful, and the longing after that which is most lofty. These make the unsullied orna- ROBERT J. ALEY, Ph. D. State Superintendent of Public Instruction, who will deliver the address at . the First Commencement Exercises of the Normal - Training School, June 20 ment of the soul. ever is modern will not escape you, but the fu- ture you Will foresee in my company and in Whatever is old and What- . short everything that exists, divine and human, I shall teach you at no distant day? This speaker representing the world of books may not be beyond the necessity of daily work, but he still has the time to think of the ques- tions Which affect the civilization of the world. More and more we see and feel the need of men of scholarly poise and sentiment; not those Who keep themselves aloof from the daily business life, but WhO share it and develop it With the highest ideals before them. The idealist is sneered at. There is, however, a large field for him in a civilization devoted prin- cipally to business and money making. The man of books is not simply an anatomist of books, not merely one Who can give you a list of books Which he has read, but he is a man of cultivation, a man of ideas and ideals, a man who seeks to lift his life out of mean drudg- ery and sordid selfishness. The man of books may therefore be in business, in a profession or a workingman. His life blood may flow deep and rich because fed by the best thoughts and deeds that the world has known. Such a man of books may be a leader of the world of men. This spirit of the world of books may apply to religion, because in that there ought to be complete frankness, toleration of views and courage to face the truth. The religious organization must not be closed shop. Party spirit Whether, political, social or theological, so frequently closes the doors of the mind. The man of books need not, as said above, keep aloof from the common business of life. For instance, is there any good reason Why the farmer may not have the refined tastes of the scholar, may not love good books, may not be in touch With all that moves the world to higher things; is his occupation With all its drudgery not after all the most independent? 296 THE NORMAL ADVANCE WILLIAM WOOD PARSONS President of Indiana State Normal School, who will deliver tha Baccalaureatz Address jun: 19, and the address Twenty-five Years Service a 5 President, on Anniversary Dav, june 22. THE NORMAL ADVANCE E-hhh Let your cities with store and shop be de- stroyed and he can still gain his livelihood from his great mother, the Earth. Stone pave- ments, clanging gangs, crush of people, bar- gain sales are not comparable to rich fields of clover or wheat or glorious forest or running brook or hive of bees. The teacher must belong to both the world of books and the world of men. He must be a lover of truth, a lover of discussion; he should not be concerned so much with methods and DEMARCHUS C. BROWN, Ph. D. Indiana State Librarian Teachers and people in libraries have the greatest opportunity to combine the spirit of the world of books and the world of men. They may know both men mzd books; the teacher if he knows not men will find his knowledge of books of no consequence; the librarian likewise applies his reading of books to men of all classes, scholars, merchants, laborers and chil- dren. The building and dedication of a library is the cementng of the two worlds spoken of, books and men; each will be puny and worth- ' less without the other. systems and pedagogical facts, but as a living fact himself he should be an inspiration to all Who are about him. While dealing largely With books he nevertheless Vitalizes his followers. To O 297 have great education therefore we must have great teachers and great scholars. One thinks at this moment of the great scholar formerly at the head of Harvard University Whose influence has molded and modified the entire educational forces of the U. S. He belongs equally to the world of books and the world of men. N ow connect the work of the world of books With that of men in municipal life Where a manls influence for good or bad is known by his neighbor. The good government of our cities, their adornment, their improvement in morals, their advancement in charitable work and helpfulness to the unfortunate, these de- pend upon Whom, do you think? Upon the crowd? Upon the political convention? These may be unreasoning or selfish or corrupt. They depend upon the thinking disinterested citizens who can devote time and thought and service to the city. They depend upon the men With the spirit of itlealists, of real scholarship. The city of Berlin is now one of the linest and best in the world in good government, good streets, beautiful parks, cleanliness, healthfulness and place of recreation. All this has been brought about by men of education, of lofty ideals, of scholarship, university men, giving their time Without pay to their municipality. Here is a marked union of the world of books and the world of men. Tlleachei's and people in libraries have the greatest opportunity to combine the spirit of the world of books and the world of men. They may know both men and books; the teacher, if he knows not men, Will find his knowledge of books of no consequence; the librarian likewise applies his reading of books to men of all classes, scholars, merchants, laborers and chil- dren. The building and dedication of a library is the cemeting of the two worlds spoken of, books and men; each Will be puny and worthless without the other. t i W W t i 298 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Training of Teachers CHARLES H. JUDD, Ph. D. . Extract from Speech Delivered on Anniversary Day. It is the assumption of the ordinary man that any adult is competent to teach children. In fact, there are some people so shortsighted that they seem to believe that an adult of some- CHARLES H. JUDD, P11. D. The School of Education, University of Chicago I believe that Normal schools must take the step of providing advanced lines of work for teachers who are in the 770M. These advanced courses will react favorably upon the routine work of HM? school for the student who mums bash year after year will make his contribu- tion of experimzrc art the same time that he gains 910w inspiration. No teacher and no sohonl can be aggressive in the fullest sense of the word unless Normal work continues throughout the life of the teacher. This opens up a large and relatively new field of practical extension for the Normal school. what inferior intelligence can be economically used by being set at the task of caring for children. Su'ch people think that only an in- ferior grade of intelligence is required of the nurse as contrasted with that required of the person who is put in responsible charge of some business enterprise. This attitude that no special training is needed for the work of teaching also appears in the history of education. In the earlier periods of education no special training was required of the teacher. The teacher was merely an adult otherwise unengaged. The stages by which we have passed from the assumption that no special training is re- quired for teaching to the present assumption that preparation for teaching requires long and elaborate study, can hardly be set forth in ex- act chronological or logical order, and yet three distinct steps of development can proht- ably be considered on an occasion like this. In the first place, it be :aine obvious toethose who examined the educational situation with any seriousness that specialized knowledge and specialized interest set apart a class of teachers from ordinary adults. In the early ecclesias- ti-al institutions this special class of agents for the development of the young were those who were entrusted with the duty of protecting and promoting the ecclesiastical organization itself. The priest had special knowledge and special interest. He gave himself to the task of training the youth of the land with a special- ized enthusiasm. It was an Obligation which attached to his special preparation and inter est. Here again we see that the teaching pro- fession was not something considered inde- pendent and of primary importance. Teaching was attached to certain other major interests, and Whatever preparation the teacher had de- rived from his pursuit of the major interest THE NORMAL ADVANCE rather than pursuit of the special teaching pro- fession. This stage of education, in which the teachers preparation was not specialized, lasted long in this country. The clergy exer- cised in early New England a very conspicious influence on the devolpment of American schools. They, together With certain persons of the class which we discussed at the outset GOVERNOR THOMAS R. MARSHALL Who will make the address on behalf of the State Board of Education on Anniversary Day, June 22 of this paper, namely persons without any special training, long rivaled each other as the school masters of American children. But fortunately there came into American life a new type of organization and a new in- terest. Those who devoted themselves to the teaching of children soon came to realize that the problem is worthy of consideration for its own Sthe. The school and its problems was recognized as of no less importance than the other institutions to which the school is at- tached. With the growth of this idea of dis- tinct educational problems an institution arose 299 which devotes itself strictly to the preparation of teachers. This institution is the American Normal school. Long and devious has been the history of the Normal school. At the outset it found no im- mediate recognition from the higher institu- tions of learning. The higher institutions of learning at that time continued to serve special interests. The American college which parallels in its history the early development of the Normal school, was a class institution of the narrowest type. There was no interest in the college in the special profession of teaching. Primary attention was concentrated on ecclesiastical training. Educational work was in a remote way related to ecclesiastic du- ties, but there was no recognition of the prob- lem of education as such. The early American Normal school labored, as a result of this dis- sociation from the other institutions of higher learning to great disadvantage. In some cases its work took on a degree of formalism that is no less than surprising now that we look back from Normal schools which have developed to such a level that they exercise a large influence in American educational life. The service of the early Normal school which worked along limited, formal lines must not be estimated too lightly. It was a great service to prepare girls and young boys who went out into the schools so that they were able to teach with efiiciency and uniformity the elementary branches needed by American children. These immature teachers knew how to do some things exceedingly wellf They did not have any par- ticular notions of modifying the curriculum to suit the needs of the community; they did not show independence of thought in many cases, but they had the technique of a few subjects well in hand and they made the schools to which they went eflicient institutions for the limited range of instruction which was under- taken in these institutions. Gradually a change had been taking place in our Normal schools and in our other higher institutions of learning. This change has some- 300 THE NORMAL ADVANCE times caused confusion. XVe have not been able to keep clear the functions of the Normal school on the one hand and the functions of the high school or of the college on the other. Normal classes have been organized in high schools and colleges, college Classes and high school classes have been organized in Normal LIVINGSTON C. LORD, Ph. D. President of Eastern Illinois State Normal School, Who will deliver the address on behalf of the State Normal Schools of the Mid- dle West, on Anniversary Day, June 22 schools. Sometimes there has been rivalry be- tween these various units of the educational systems; sometimes there has resulted bitter- ness of feeling because of the difficulties of de- fining the limits of influence of each. But there has been growing out of all this conflict of opinion a clear recognition of one fact which is sufficiently large to detach itself from any single institution and be recognized as one of the leading facts in our American education. The t mining of the teacher tgday is one of our largest education problems. It is being placed upon exactly the same footing as the Specialized t 'aining of any other practical or theoreti -al profession. New data are being collected which bear upon school problems and which give to these school problems objectivity and sound scientific basis. In this latest stage of the specialized teaching profession the as- sumption of the ordinary man that any one can teach school and the assumption of our early Colonial period that the preacher can add school teaching to his ordinary duties, give way before the requirements for professional train- The early Normal school, which we criticize for its formalism, made us all conscious of the importance of professional training for teach- ers. The higher institutions of learning other than the Normal schools contributed to the growth of the idea when they made it clear in their own development and in their contact with the Normal school that methods of re- search could be applied not only to the Esub- ject matter of natu '211 science and letters but also to the problems of instruction in these sub- jects. There is, I believe, no real conflict of interest between Normal schools and univer- sities; there should be participation on all sides in the promotion of the highest professional interest in the problems of teaching and in the preparation of the next generation which shall undertake this work. The scientific t'aining of the teacher Will result in two or three modifications of the edu- cational Situation to Which I wish very briefly to draw attention. In the first place, it is highly important that we substitute definite standards of judgment of the efficiency of. schools for slavish adherence to mere authority. No one can determine what is the best method of education without collecting the evidence and sifting it carefully and determining 0n the grounds of this sifted evidence What is most ef- FHE NORMAL ADVANCE 301 WINTHROP E. STONE, Ph. D. President of Purdue University Who will deliver the address in behalf of the Indiana Schools and Colleges, on Anniversary Day, June 22 BARTON W. EVERMANN United States Fish Commissioner. who will deliver the address 't The Fac- ulty Twenty-ftvc Years Ago, on Anniversary Day, June 22 fici'ent. In the earlier days, before we had a science of education, Opinion was the only means of determining educational practice. Today we have the spirit and the equipment for a collection of scientific facts. In the second place, I believe that it is highly important that we consider the problem of re- adjusting very radically the details of our edu- cational system. The scientific method of pro- cedure in this case is not the method of mak- ing a change first, but rather the method of giv- ing careful consideration to present conditions and then to the changes which should be made. For example, there is at this moment danger that we shall rush into a type of industrial education which shall be unbalanced and one- THE NORMAL ADVANCE sided. Before we do this let us sit down and bring together all of the evidence and experi- ence necessary to guide us in a dispassionate re- organization of the courses of study. That educator who takes up the problem of reforming the courses of study without fear of adherence to tradition 0n the one hand and without the passion of radicalism 0n the other, would render a very large service to our civilization. In the third place, I believe that the litera- x, BISHOP EDWIN HOLT HUGHES Who will deliver the Annual Commencement Address, June 23 ture, both periodical and permanent 0f Ameri- can education should take on a form different from that which it now has. Our educational periodicals are not scientific in their tone or in contests and our educational books are too often superificial and trivial. If we are ever to establish ourselves as a techniml profession we must as teachers produce and use a body of technical literature. I have no patience at all for those teachers who refuse to come in con- THE NORMAL eADVANCE tact with difficult discussions, who regard these technical discussions as ridiculous and inap4 propriate. The time has passed when the scien- tific dairyman scoffs at the technical literature of his business. The time has passed When the mechanic refuses to make himself acquainted with the technical terms and writings that bear upon his trade. Teachers must learn that many of the best considerations which apply to their activities can be found only after careful mastery of the instruments of expression neces- sary for the communication of these results. F inally, I believe that a complete realization of the ideal of a scientifically trained group of ' teachers will appear in the continued study of educational problems on the part of teachers who are actively engaged in the work of the school. Our American Normal schools have too frequently been looked upon by their gradu- ates is completing the preparation for teach- ing. Graduation from one of these schools 303 together with the possession of the state certi- ficate which goes with the diploma, has too , aften been treated as the goal of the studentst ambitions. Our American Normal schools must perform for their students the service of training them to be independent in their own later consideration of educational problems. I believe also that Nermal schools must take the step of providing advanced lines of work for teachers who are in 'the field. These ad- vanced courses will react favorably upon the routine work of the school for the student who comes back year after year will make his con- tribution of experience at the same time that he gains new inspiration. N0 teacher and no school can be aggressive in the fullest sense of the word unless Normal work continues throughout the life of the teacher. This opens up a large and relatively new field of practical extension for the Normal school. OLD LIBRARY, now made into some of the best class-rooms in the building. 304 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Roll Call Class of ,08 John A. Alexander, Keithsburg, 111., Prin- cipal of high school since 1908. William Anderson, Terre HauteLIndw prin- cipal 0f Collett Park school since 1908. Nora Arnold, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher in Lost Creek township the past two years. Grace Arnold, Terre Haute, Ind., assistant in English, Wiley High school since 1908. Lola O. Asher, Rahway, New J ersey, teacher of manual training, Altoona, Pa., 1908-9. Supervisor of manual training, Rahway, New Jersey, 1909-10. Earl Asher, Greenfield, Ind., principal of Longfellow school the past two years. Katherine Ashby, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of third grade Fairbanks school. Lucy M. Arthur, Terre Haute, 1nd,, teacher of music and drawing, Wiley High school since 1908. Alice Marion Barbour, Terre Haute, Ind., student on college course I. S. N. S. William T. Barbre, Terre Haute, Ind., stu- dent on college course I. S. N. S. Graham A. Barringer, Patriot, Ind., super- intendent of schools since 1908. Pearl Bedford, Indianapolis, Ind., teacher of fourth grade, school No. 4. Anna E. Behrens, Huntingburg, Ind., 'teacher of science in high school since 1908. Edna Behrens, Hammond, Ind., teacher in grades. ' George Behrens, Mt. Vernon, Ind., teacher of mathematics in high school since 1908. Anna Bennett, Shelbyville, Ind., teacher of third grade. J eanette Bitner, Shelbyville, Ind., teacher of second grade. A. A. Burke, Edinburg, Ind., teacher of science in Edinburg High school since 1908. Edith G. Blaydes, North Salem, Ind., teacher of Latin in North Salem High school since 1908. William Bryce, deceased. Claude Brechner, Ann Arbor, Mich, prin- cipal of High school, Loogootee, Ind., 1908-9. Nellie M. Brewer, Indianapolis, Ind., teacher third and fourth grades Webster school. Ethel Burton, Thorntown, Ind., teacher of history and science in Thorntown High school 1908-10. L. Isabelle Cadden, Logansport, Ind., teacher of Latin in high school, Orleans, Ind., 1908-9. Teacher of Latin in Logansport High school 1909-10. Ernest Cahal, 708 S. Seventh St, Terre Haute, 1nd,, principal of schools, Edwards, Ind., 1908-10. ' Grant Callahan, Odon, Ind., principal of Odon High school since 1908. Sara C. Carpenter, Cloverland, Ind, teacher in rural school. Mabelle Carter, Indianapolis, Ind., teacher of fourth grade in school No. 47. Christopher Canble, Bloomington, Indf, principal of high school Paragon, Ind., 1908-9. Student I. U., 1909-10. 9 George E. Chenoweth, Markle, Ind. teacher of Latin in Markle High school since 1908. Thomas Clerkin, VVhiteland, Ind., superin- tendent of schools. Harry A. Collins, Cory, Ind., teacher in rural school. Mrs. Frances B. Connor, Terre Haute, Ind, teacher at Coal Bluff, Ind. Mrs. Jessie Baker Craig, Terre Haute, Ind., Homekeeper. Ray Cromwell, Mooresville, Ind., teacher of mathematics in Mooresville High school. . Mrs. Maude Crook Abel, Washington, D. 0., Wife of William Abel. Fay Winfield Cullins, Kokomo, Ind. Gertrude Daily, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of third grade McKeen school. Harry Dannecker, BOX1ey, Ind., principal of high school, New Marion, Ind., 1908-9. Teacher of Latin and mathematics in Boxley High school 1909-10. THE NORMAL ADVANCE May Dean, Shelbyville, Ind., teacher of sec- ond grade in Shelbyville since 1908. Daisy M. Dickey, Elwood, Ind., teacher of primary grade in Elwood. Elder W. Diggs, Bloomington, Ind., ward principal in Bloomington since 1908. Mrs. Essie Dinius Hoesuer, Huntington, Ind., Homekeeper. Lillian Dodson, Terre Haute, Ind. Patsey L. Durrett, Mt. Vernon, Ind., grade teacher in Mount Vernon. Minerva Eberly, Portland, Ind., teacher of English in Portland High school. . William E. Edington, Brazil, Ind., graduate of college course I. S. N. S. 1908-9. Teacher of mathematics and physics in Brazil High School 1909-10. Assistant in mathematics I. S. N. mid- Spring term 1910. Mrs. Emma Howard Ellison, Shelbyville, Ind., homekeeper. Oliver W. Fauber, Brazil, Ind., ward prin- cipal in Brazil since 1908. Hubert F isher, Los Angeles, Cal. Teacher of manual training at Fort Scott, Kas., 1908-9. Teacher of 1nanua1 training at L05 Angeles 1909-10. Mrs. Anne Flood Struck, LouiSVille, Ky., teacher of sixth grade in Crawford School, Terre Haute, 1908-9. Susan M. Frazuer, J ersey City, N. J ., teacher in grades. Lawrence E. Gross, J amestown, Ind., teacher in science and mathematics in J amestown High school since 1908. Nellie M. Harper, Evansville, Ind., teacher 1 of fourth grade. Estella Harris, West Terre Haute, Ind., teacher in grades. Edna 1. Harris, Terre Haute, Ind. Hazel Hathaway, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher in Albert Lange school. EtherA. Heath, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of fourth grade. Gertrude Hebb, Terre Haute, Ind., primary teacher in Fairview schoo1. 305 Elbert E. Helt, Carlisle, Ind., superintendent of schools sinCe 1908. Hervey A. Henderson, Goodland, Ind., su- perintendent 0f sch001s. Charles R. Hertenstein, Amo, Ind., superin- tendent of schools. Denzil L. Hightower, Oakland City, Ind., teacher of science in Oakland City college. Samuel F. Hilderbrand, Chicago, 111., assist- ant in zoology in Field Museum, Chicago, 1908-10. Student in c011ege course I. S. N. Spring 1910. Charles W. Hitchcock, Burney, Ind., prin- cipal 0f schools7 Sunman, Ind., 1908-9. Prin- cipal of high sch001 at Burney 1909-10. Archie Hopper, Marion, Ind., teacher of manual training at Marion since 1908. Mary Hornung, Marion, Ind., critic teacher of grades four and five in training school of Marion Normal Colelge. Myrtle Hoffman, Indianapolis, Ind., teacher in school No. 49. Bruce Hoskinson, Flat Rock, 111., superin- tendent 0f sch001s. Mrs. Helen Hughes, Indianapolis, Ind., man- ager Spencer House. Lawrence Hurst, Bloomington, Ind., student at I. U. and graduate of the class of 1910. Herbert S. Jones, Markle, 11111:, superin- tendent of schools Marked Tree, Ark, 1908-9. Lawrence V. J ackson, Marshall, Ind., super- intendent of schools since 1908. Elizabeth M. Johnson, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of fifth grade. . Mary J . Kadel, Attica, Ind. Katherine Kaiser, Linton, Ind., teacher of eighth grade and of German in Linton High school. Mary M. Kearney, Bainbridge, Ind., teacher of grades seven and eight. 9 Lulu M. Kirtley, Oakland City, Ind., teacher in country training school of Oakland City College. - Homer G. Knight, Scottsburg, Ind., superin- tendent 0f Charlestown schools 1908-9. Super- intendent of schools 1909-10. 306 THE NORMAL ADVANCE GROUP OF CLASS OF '08 Drusilla Keller, East Chicago, Ind., teacher of English in McKinley school. Effie E. Kuhns, Elwood, Ind., teacher in grade. Hilda Liebing, Terre Haute, Ind., at home. Mrs. Isabel Martin Langtry, Houston, Texas, homekeeper. Ernest D. Long. LaCI'osse, VVis., professor of Latin in LaCrosse State Normal School. Eva Manders, location unknown. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 307 GROUP OF CLASS OF 108 Frank B. Long, Frankfort, 1nd,, ward prin- Bernice Martin, East Chicago, 11161., teacher cipal at Frankfort since 1908. of third grade. Lora E. Love, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of Heber C. Martin, Versailles, 1nd,, principal second grade, Greenwood school. Rich Square High school 1908-9. Superintend- Rolla Morrison, Odon, Ind. ent of schools at Versailles 1909-10. 308 Elizabeth Lytle, Terre Haute7 Ind., teacher in grades, Arcadia, Ind. Gertrude Merriman, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of third grade in J ames Hook school. Frank Meseke, Washington, teacher of Ger- man in high school at Seymour, Ind., 1908-9. Teacher in State of Washington 1909-10. Otto E. Moery, Washington, D. C. In the employ of the U. S. Weather Bureau. Dessie A. Moore, Huntington, 11111., teacher of fourth grade 1908-10. Ivory Gr. Morton, Marion, Ind, critic teacher in training school of Marion Normal College. Jessie L. Munsey, Wenatcllee, 11721511., teacher of geography in grades at Marion, Ind., 1908-9. Teacher in schools at VVenatchee, 1909-10. Alma McCrum, Terre Haute, 11111., critic teacher of grades three and four 111 State Nor- mal training school. . Lena McKinley, Terre Haute, I11d., teacher of fifth grade in Collett Park school. Goldie Nantz, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of rural school. Ezra Porter, deceased. Fannie O1Dell, Odom, I11d., teacher of pri- mary grade. Harriet Paynter, Indianapolis, Ind, teacher of second grade in Austin Brown school. Ethel Perkins, North Manchester, 11111., critic teacher of grades Six and seven in training school of North Manchester College. Emma Peters, Milroy, Ind., teacher of Latin in Raleigh High school 1908-9'. Principal of Milroy High school 1909-10. Charles H. Phillips, Illinois, superintendent of schools at Bicknell, Ind., 1908-9. Mary J. Price, Brazil, Ind., teacher of de- partmental English. Cora F. Simpson, Danville, Ind., critic teacher in rural training school of Central Nor- mal College. THE NORMAL ADVANCE W Grace Rust, Brownstown, Ind., principal of high school since 1908. Vera Shankland, Elwood, Ind., teacher in public schools at Elwood. 8 James T. Shepard, Milford, Ind, superin- tendent of schools, 1908-10. Charles Silvers, Pauli, Ind., principal of Paoli High school 1908-10. Reuben Snitz, Andrews, I11d., superintendent of schools. Osmund Spear, Indianapolis, Ind., teacher of 111111111111 training in Manual Training High school. Fred Spencer, Bellmore, Ind., superintendent of schools. Mary E. Spice, Anderson, Ind., primary teacher in Anderson since 1908. Eleanor Starr, New Albany, 11161., teacher in grades since 1908. Hazel Tesh. Anderson, Ind., teacher of flfth grade. J. Owen Trible, Ft. Branch, Ind., principal of Ft. Branch High school since 1908-10. Mrs. Eliza Scott Trimble, Terre Haute, Ind., teacher of rural school. Benjamin L. Wyashington, location unknown. Mildred Trittipo, Noblesville, Ind., piimary teacher. Augusta True, Terre Haute, 1nd,, teacher of third grade Davis Park school. Arthur Walter, Satsup, VVaSh., superinten- dent of schools. Mrs. Hazel VVam-ick Humphrey, Edwards, Ind., teacher of rural school 1908-10. Andrew H. VVhitesitt, East Chicago, Ind., supervisor of 111111111211 training 1908-10. Grace G. Weber, Huntington, Ind., teacher of third grade. Chester Zechiel7 Anderson, teacher of geo- graphy 111 Anderson High school. Clara Sexson, Noblesville, Ind., teacher in high school. THE NORMAL ADVANCE - ' 309 Programme of , Anniversary W eek 1n commemoratlon of The Twenty-Hve Years, Service of William Wood Parsons as President of The Indiana State Normal School Terre Haute. Indiana June nineteen to twenty-three 310 THE NORMAL ADVANCE General Programme Sunday. June nineteen, 10:30 a. m. Baccalaureate Address, Normal Hall Presiclent William Wood Parsons Monday. June tWenty 2:00 p.m. Exhibits of the Departments of Drawing and Manual Training 8:00 p. 111. First Annual Commencement Exercises of the Normal Training High School Tuesday. June twenty-one 9:30 a. m. Declication of the New Library 3:00 p. m. Dedication of the New Parsons Field 8:00 p. m. Senior Complimentary Entertainment Oratorio: Elijah. Grand Opera House W ednesclay, June twenty-two 9:30 a. m. Twenty-Efth Anniversary Addresses Normal Hall 2:00 p. m. Annual Meeting of the Alumni Asso- ciation. Assembly Hall. Training School 8:00 p.m. Reception to the President by the Board of Trustees. the Faculty and Members of the Alumni Association. Library Building Thursday. June twenty-three 9:30 a.m. Annual Commencement of the Indiana State Normal School THE NORMAL ADVANCE 311 Programme Baccalaureate Exercises Sunday, June nineteen. 10:30 a. m. Normal Hall Gloria. XII Mass--Mozart Prayer Trio, Lift Thine Eyes--Mendelssohn Baccalaureate Address Human Freedom By President William Wood Parsons Anthem Conquering Kings Their Titles Take J. H. Maunder 312 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme First Annual Commencement Exercises Normal Training High School Monday. June twenty. 8:00 p.m. Special Musical Programme By the Breinig Orchestra Prayer Saltarello --D. Alorcl By lone Hazledine Address By Dr. Robert Judson Aley State Superintendent of Public Instruction Music Presentation of Diplomas By President William Wood Parsons Chorus By the Class of 1910 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme Dedication of New Normal Library Tuesday. June twenty-one, 9:30 a. m. The Honorable William H. Armstrong , Presiclent of the Board of Trustees Presiding Music Prayer ' Retrospect- By President William Wood Parsons Address. The World of Men and the World of Books By Demarchus C. Brown State Librarian. Indianapolis. Indiana Music Prospect By Arthur Cunningham , Librarian Indiana State Normal School Music Inspection of Building 313 314 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme Dedication of New Parsons Field Tuesday. June twenty-one. 3:00 p. m. Special Musical Programme By the Ringgold Band Dancing. 13y Grades of Training School Spiel:Fest Base Ball Game. Alumni vs. Varsity Senior Complimentary Entertainment Tuesclay. June twenty-one. 8:00 p. m. Grancl Opera House Oratorio. Elijah By Chorus of State Normal School Conducted by Miss Laura Minturn Soprano--Mrs. Eleanor Carlton Alto-Miss Laura Minturn Tenor-Mr. Paul Davis and Mr. Marion Green, Basso Cantante THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme Anniversary Exercises W ednesday. June twenty-two. 9:30 a. m. The Honorable Joshua Jump Secretary Board of Trustees Presiding Academic Procession Music Address on behalf of State Boarcl of Eclucatlon By the Honorable Thomas R. Marshall Governor Of Indlana Address, The Training of Teachers By Dr. Charles H. Judd, The School of Education. University of Chicago Music Address on behalf of the State Normal Schools of the Middle West By Livingston C.Lorc1 , President Eastern Illinois Normal School Charleston. Illinois 315 316 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme Address on behalf of Indiana Schools and Colleges By Dr. William E. Stone President Purdue University Address on Behalf of the Alumni By Superintendent B. F. Moore Muncie. Indiana Music Address T116 Faculty Twenty-flve Years Ago By Dr. Barton W. Evermann United States Fish Commission Address on behalf of the Faculty By Howard Sandison Vice-Pres't Indiana State Normal School Address Twenty-Eve Years: Service as President By Dr. Wllllam WOOCI Parsons Hail Alma Mater--Tann11auser -Wagner By the Normal School Chorus THE NORMAL ADVANCE 317 Programme Graduating Exercises -- Senior Class Thursday. June twenty-three, 9:30 a. m. Normal Hall Chorus. Prayer From Cavalleria Rusticana--Mascag'ni Invocation Chorus, Come Gentle May From Lohengrin --Wagner Address By Bishop Edwin Holt Hughes Waltz Song Away to the Woods --Strauss Presentation of Diplomas and Certificates By the President of the School Chorus, Be Not Afraid From Elijah--Menclelssohn 318 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme First Graduating Class of the Normal Training High School John Caste Howarcl Charman Warren Cox Margaret McCune Curry Emma Dommershaueen Harvey M. Failing Joseph Gmum Emelyn R. Hazlccline Jobe Johnson John Lawrence Lucy Leaning Ruth M. Murphy Gracluates of College Course with Degree of Bachelor of Arts Edith Bader Marion A. Barbour William Thomas Barbra William E. St. C. Best Bertha E. Dodson Laura L. Ellis S. F. Hildebrand Mu. Mary Howard Hazel Nelson Albert Neukom Robert W. Parsons Maybelle E. Peck Matilda M. Rcifel Winifred Russell Rettger Dorothy Roberts Ruth ScHoss Irene Shirley Margaret Worsham Harry Whisscn Mattie L. Johnson Eleanor C. Jones Ruth Anna, King Helen A. Ross Lois Ann Rutledge Edgar M. Servics M. Ruby Weills THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme Graduating Class of the Indiana State Lucy Estile Allen Mary Kelsey Allen Eunice Asbury Lena B. Ashworth Ethel Barco Birdenia Bennett Bertha M. Bickart Guy Bishop Mabel S. Blair Nellie Brewer Lenora Manita Burnam Howard U. Byrn William H. Cain Lester C. Campbell Bertha M. Carter H11 11 Cathcart Les ie A. Childress Otto Christy Rosa Christy Myrtle Clark Nellie S. Clark Laura Clandenning Orpha Cole Leona Collins William L. Connor Margaret Cornell Anna E. Cox Clarence E. Crawford Margaret Crosser Belvia Cuzzart Albert Dickson Florence Muriel Earllc Anna Blanche Elliott Grace F. Evans Stella G. Wade Evans Leroy Fair Viola Field Mary Alice Flaherty Pearl W. Franklin Jolm L. Freedman Mary Funican Edna Graham Calvin GrifEth Nellie C. Habersticlx James M. Haig'erty Gladys M. Harrington Walter H. Harvey Edith L. Haton . Milton B. Nugent Normal SCl'lO 01 Henry W. A. Hemmer Delta R. Henry Wilma Anne Hessian Margaret Lucretia Hill Cloc V. Houghton Joshua J. HuEFord Lola E. Nusbaum Lelia Maude Ogden Claude ONeal Thirza Parker Amelia L. Peters Fern V. Pettiforcl Lulu Hufty H. H. Pleasant Ethel Hughes Royal Pottinger Maude Hunter Howard Ray Ida M. Irmiger Alice Ream Cobcrt B. Jenkins Mary E. Robbins W. Guy Johnson Bertha M. Roll Lizzie Joslin Estelle E. Schockel Elizabeth Kadel Mamie M. Schuler Lola Blaine Kelley Nellie Settles Alice B. Kelsey G. Ray Sharp Garland L. King W. D. Shewman Jennie A. King Wilhelmina Shively Mac KronMiHer Chloe Siner Myrtle Landerholm Sylvia Singleton Butler Laugblin Z. Merrill Smith Katharine Leonard Benjamin F. Stalcup Lelah C. Stewart Lucie P. Stibbins Otto G. Lidikay Charles E. Limp Mary Lash Hattie Stirwalt Katharine McBride Lulu L. Stricklcr Charles E. McClure Dessie Sumwalt Sara S.McC1ure Edith Tompkins Charles K. McCormack Jesse G. Turner George McReynolds Elizabeth A. Underwood Mathilda A. Markle E. C. Unverfcrth Alice Mathews William Valentine Monroe Melton Cecil Vinson Miriam Merchant Vivian Volkers Freda Meyer Ethel Wallace George J. Meyer Wilma Watson Harry C. Milholland Bloomer Wells Waltlo F. Mitchell Herschel Whitaker Charles E. Montgomery Inez Whitcraft Frances Snyder Montgomery Bertha T. Wilson Laura M. Moore William O. Winkler Margaret E. Moore Edna H. Wolfe. J 01111 W. Morland Hannah Wolfe S. Clinton Merrill Nellie E. Wolfe Joy Muclnnorc Jesse A. Woocl A. R. Newhouse Kate Woocly Mathias Nolcox Laura M. Woody G. W. Youngbloocl 319 320 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Programme Class of 1908 Entitled to Diplomas Lanna Admire John Alva Alexander William Anderson Nora Arnold 1 Grace Arnold Lucy Manette Arthur Katherine Ashby Earl Asher Lola O. Asher William Thomas Barbra Marion Alice Barbour Graham A. Barringer Slater Bartlow Pearl Bedfora Anna E. Behrens Anna C; Bennett C. Jeanette Bittxmr Edith G. BlaycIea Americus A. Bourke Claude Breclmer Nellie M. Brewer William R. Bryce Ethel R. Burton L. Isabelle CaJden Ernest Cabal Grant Callahan Sara Elizabeth Carpenter Malaclle Carter Christopher C. Cauble George E. Chenoweth Thomas Clerkin Harry A. Collins Frances Balch Connor Ray Cromwell Fay Winfield Cullins Gertrude Dailey Harry Dannecker May Dean Daisy M. Dickey Elder W. Diggs Essie B. Dinius Lillian Dodson Edith Eastham Minerva A. Ebcrly William E. Edington Oliver W. Fauber Hubert Fisher Anna B. Flood Susan M. Frazeur Nellie M. Harper Edna 1. Harris Hazel Hathaway Ethel A. Heath Gertruae Hem: Elbert E. Helt Hcrvy A. Henderson Charles R. Hcrtenstcin Denzil L. Hightowcr Samuel F. Hildebrand Charles W. Hitchcock Myrtle Honan Oscar W. Holmes Mary Homung Emma Howarcl Lawrence Hurst Archie M. Hopper Bruce Hoskinson Edith Mae Imes Lawrence V. Jackson Elizabeth M. Johnson Herbert S. Jones Mary J. Kadel Katherine Kaiser Drusilla Keller Lulu Kirtley Homer G. Knight EHie E. Kuhns Ernest D. Long Frank B. Long Elizabeth Lytle Emma Mandate Bernice Martin I-IelnnJ C. Martin Isabell Martin Gertrude Merriman Frank B. Meseke Otto E. Moery Dessic Moore Hubert Morelaml Rolls. Morrison Ivory G. Morton Jessie L. Munaey Alma McCrum Lena M. McKinley Goldie M. Nantz Famic O De11 Frances M. O Donnc11 Harriet P. Payntcr Ethel Perkins Emma Peters Charles H. Phillips Ezra B. Porter Mary J. Price Oaic M. Ramsey Grace A. Rust Clara Scxson Vera T. Skanlcland James T. Shepard Charles Silvers Cora. Florence Simpson Reuben H. Snitz Osmund Spear Fred B. Spencer Mary E. Spice Eleanor: Starr Hazel T6511 J. Owen Trible Mrs. Eliza F. Trimblc Mrs. Nona Trimble Mildred Trittipo Augusta True Arthur Walter Benjamin L. Washin ton Mary Hazel Warric Ida E. Webb Grace G. Weber Andrew H. Whiteaitt Walter H. Woodrow Cheater Zechiel 3,..4, , oar A THE NORMAL ADVANCE 321 h Programme of the Complimentary Entertainment given by the Graduating Class ELIJAH A N O R A T O R I O Elijah sung by MR. MARION GREEN, basso cantante MRS. ELEANOR CARLTON, soprano MISS LAURA MINTURN,contra1to MR. PAUL DAVIS, tenor The Chorus-THE NORMAL CHORUS, conducted by MISS LAURA MINTURN W The Author of this English Version has endeavored to render it as nearly in accordance with the Scriptural Texts as the Music to which it is adapted will admit: the references are therefore to be considered rather as authorities than quotations. Part I. INTRODUCTION. Recitatiee. ELIJAH.-As God the Lord of Israel liveth, before Whom I stand, there shall not be dew nor rain these years, but according to my word. 1 Kings xvii. 1. OVERTURE. Chorus. THE PEOPLEeHelp, Lord! Wilt Thou quite destroy us? The harvest now is over, the summer days are gone, and yet no power cometh to help us! Will then the Lord be no more God in Zion? Jeremiah viii 20. Recitatiee Chorus. The deeps afford no water; and the rivers are exhausted! The sucklingts tongue now cleaveth for thirst to his mouth: the infant children ask for bread, and there is no one breaketh it to feed them! Lament. 1v. 4. Duet and Chorus. THE PEOPLEeLord! bow thine ear to our prayer! DUET.eZion spreadeth her hands for aid; and there is neither help nor comfort. Lament. i. 17. Recitatiwe. OBADIAH.eYe people, rend your hearts, and not your garments, for your transgressions the Prophet Elijah hath sealed the heavens through the word of God. I therefore say to ye, For- sake your idols, return to God; for He is slow to anger, and merciful, and kind and gracious, and repenteth Him of the evil. s Air. If With all your hearts ye truly seek me, ye shall ever surely find me. Thus saith our God. Oh! that I knew where I might find Him, that I might even come before His presence. Deut. lv. 29. Job xxlii. 3. Joel ii, 12, 13. Recitati've. AN ANGEL.-Elijah! get thee hence; depart, and turn thee eastward: thither hide thee by Cherithls brook. There shalt thou drink its waters; and the Lord thy God hath commanded the ravens to feed thee there: so do according unto His word. Double Quartet. ANGELS.--FOI' He shall give His angels charge over thee; that they shall protect thee in all the ways thou goest; that their hands shall uphold and guide thee, lest thou dash thy foot against a stone. 1 Kings xvii. 3. Psalm xci. 11, 12.' Recitatieef AN ANGELeNow Cherithls brook is dried up, Elijah, arise and depart, and get thee to Zarephath; thither abide: for the Lord hath commanded a widow woman there to sustain thee. And the barrel of meal shall not waste, neither shall the cruse of oil fail, until the day that the Lord sendeth rain upon the earth. 1 Kings xvii. 7, 9, 14. Recitatilve and Air. THE WIDow.-What have I to do With thee, 0 man of God? art thou come to me, to call my sin unto remembrance ?-to slay my son art thou come hither? Help me, man of God! my son is sick! and his sickness is so sore, that there is no breath left in him! I go mourning all the day long; I lie down and weep at night. See mine ailiiction. Be thou the orphanls helper! ELIJAH.eGive me thy son. Turn unto her, 0 Lord my God; in mercy help this widowts son! For Thou art gracious, and full of com- passion, and plenteous in mercy and truth. Lord, my God, 0 let the spirit of this child re- turn, that he again may live! THE WIDow.-Wilt thou show wonders to the dead? Shall the dead arise and praise thee? EuJAH.-Lord, my God, 0 let the spirit of this child return, that he again may live! 322 THE WIDOW.eThe Lord hath heard thy prayer, the soul of my son reviveth! ELIJAH.-Now behold, thy son liveth! THE WIDow.-Now by this I know that thou art a man of God, and that His word in thy mouth is the truth. What shall I render to the Lord for all His benefits to me? BormsThou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thine heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might. O blessed are they who fear Him! 1 Kings xvii. 17, 18, 21-24. Job x. 15. Psalm xxxviii. 6; vi. 7; x. 14; lxxxvi. 15, 16: lxxxviii. 10; cxxviii. 1. Recitative.sELIJAH, AHAB, AND CHORUS. ELIJAH.-As God the Lord of Sabaoth liveth, before whom I stand, three years this day ful- filled, I will show myself unto Ahab; and the Lord will then send rain upon the earth. AHAB.-Art thou Elijah? art thou he that troubleth Israel? , CHORUS.-Th0u art Elijah, he that troubleth Israel! 1 ELIJAH.-I never troubled Israells peace: it 'fis thou, Ahab, and all thy fatherls house. Ye have forsaken Goldls commands; and thou hast followed Baalim! Now send and gather to me, the whole of Israel unto Mount Carmel: there Summon the prophets of Baal, and also the prophets of the groves, who are feasted at J ezebells table. Then 4 we shall see whose God is the Lord. CHORUs.-And then we shall see whose God is God the Lord. ELIJAH.--Rise then, ye priests of Baal: select and slay a bullock, and put no fire under it: up- life your voices, and call the god ye worship; and then I will call on the Lord J ehovah: and the God who by fire shall answer, let him be God. CHVORUS.sYea; and the God Who by lire shall answer, let him be God. EHJAH.--Call first upon your god: your numbers are many: I, even I, only remain, one prophet of the Lord! Invoke your forest-gods and mountain-deities. 1 Kings xvii. 17; xvm. 1, 15, 18, 19, 23125. Chorus. PRIESTS OF BAAL.-Baal, we cry to thee! hear and answer us! Heed the sacrifice we offer! hear us! 0 hear us, Baal! Hear, mighty god! Baal, 0 answer us! Let thy flames fall and extirpate the foe! O hear us Baal! THE NORMAL ADVANCE Radiative. ELIJAH.-Call him louder, for he is a god! He talketh; or he is pursuing; or he is in a journey; or, peradventure, he sleepeth; so awaken him: call him louder. Chorus. PRIESTS OF BAAL.eHear our cry, 0 Baal! now arlse! wherefore slumber? Recitative and Air. ELIJAH.eCall him louder! he heareth not. With knives and lahcets cut yourselves after your manner: leap upon the altar ye have made: call him, and prophesy! Not a voice will answer you; none will listen, none heed you. Chorus. PRIESTS 0F BAAL.-Hear and answer, Baal! Mark! how the scorner derideth us! Hear and answer. 1 Kings xviii. 1, 15, 17, 18, 19, 23129. Recitative and Air. ELIJAH.--DI'aW near, all ye people: come to me! Lord God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel! this day let it be known that Thou art God; and I am Thy servant! 0 show to all this peo- ple that I have done these things according to Thy word! 0 hear me, Lord, and answer me; and show this people that Thou art Lord God; and let their hearts again be turned! 1 Kings xvlii. 3o, 36, 37. Quartet. ANGELS.--Cast thy burden upon the Lord, and He shall sustain thee. He never will suii'er the righteous to fall: He is at thy right hand. Thy mercy, Lord, is great; and far above the heavens. Let none be made ashamed that wait upon Thee. Psalm IV. 22; xvi. 8; cviii. 5; xxv. 3. Recitative. ELIJAH.-O Thou, who makest thine angels spirits;-Thou, whose ministers are flaming fires, let them now descend! Psalm clv. 4. Recitati've. ELIJAH.-Take all the prophets of Baal; and let not one of them escape you: bring them down to Kishonls brook, and there let them be slain. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 323 Chorus. THE PEOPLEr-Take all the prophets of Baal; and let not one of them escape us: bring all, and slay them! 1 Kings, xviii. 40. Air. ELIJAH.eIs not His word like a fire: and like a hammer that breaketh the rock into pieces? For God is angry with the Wicked every day: and if the Wicked turn not, the Lord Will whet His sword; and He hath bent His bow, and made it ready. s Jer. xxlii. 29. .Psalm vii. 11, 12. Air. Woe unto them Who forsake Him! destruc- tion shall fall upon them, for they have trans- gressed against Him. Though they are by Him redeemed, yet they have spoken falsely against Him. Hosea vii. 13. Recitative and Chorus. OBADIAHr-O man of God, help thy people! Among the Idols 0f the Gentiles, are there any that can command the rain, or cause the heavens to give their showers? The Lord our God alone can do these things. ELIJAHeO Lord, thou hast overthrown thine enemies and destroyed them. Look down on us from heaven, 0 Lord; regard the distress of Thy people: open the heavens and send us - relief: help, help Thy servant, now 0 God! THE PEOPLEWOpen the heavens andisend us relief: help, help Thy servant now, 0 God! ELIJAH.eGo up now, child, and look toward the sea. Hath my prayer been heard by the Lord? THE YOUTHeTheI-e is nothing. The heavens are asibrass above me. ELIJAH.-When the heavens are closed up because they have sinned against Thee, yet if they pray and confess Thy name, and turn from their sin When Thou dost afliict them: then hear from heaven, and forgive the sin! Help! send Thy servant help, 0 God! ' THE PEOPLEeThen hear from heaven, and forgive the sin! Help! send Thy servant help, 0 Lord! ELIJAHr-GO up again, and still look toward the sea. t THE YOUTHeThere is nothing. The earth is as iron under me! ELIJAH.eHearest thou no sound of rain ?- seest thou nothing arise from the deep? : THE YOUTHeNo; there is nothing. ELIJAH.wHave respect to the prayer of Thy servant, O Lord, my God! Unto Thee Will I cry, Lord, my rock; be not silent to me; and Thy great mercies remember, Lord! THE YOUTHeBehold, a little cloud ariseth now from the waters; it is like a mans hand! The heavens are black With clouds and With Wind: the storm rusheth louder and louder! THE PEOPLEreThanks be to God, for all His mercies! ELIJAH.eThanks be to God, for He is grac- ious, and his mercy endureth for evermore! Jer. xiv. 22. 2 Chron. vi. 19. 26, 27. Deut. xxviii. 23. Psalm xxviii. 1; cvi. 1. 1 Kings xviii, 43, 45. Charms. Thanks be to God! He laveth the thirsty land! The waters gather; they rush along; they are lifting their voices! , The stormy billows are high; their fury is mighty. But the Lord is above them, and Al- mighty! Psalm xclil. 3, 4. Part II. Air. Hear ye, Israel; hear what the Lord speak- ethzettOh, hadst thou heeded my command- mentsW Who hath believed our report; to Whom is the arm of the Lord revealed? Thus saith the Lord, the Redeemer of Israel, and his Holy One, to him oppressed by Tyrants: thus saith the Lord:-I am He that i comforteth; be not afraid, for I am thy God, I Will strengthen thee. Say, who art thou, that thou art afraid of a man that shall die; and forgettest the Lord thy Maker, Who hath stretched forth the heavens, and laid the earthis foundations? Be not afraid, for I, thy God, will strengthen thee. , Isaiah xlviii. 1, 18; mi. 1; xllx. 7; xli. 10; 11. 12, 13. Chorus. Be not afraid, saith God the Lord. Be not afraid! thy help is near. God, the Lord thy God, saith unto thee, ttBe not afraid ! Though thousands languish and fall beside thee, and tens of thousands around thee perish, yet still it shall not come nigh thee. Isaiah x11. 10. Psalm xcl 7. Recitati've. OBADIAH.--Man of God, now let my words be precious in thy sight. Thus saith J ezebel; 324 THE. NORMAL ADVANCE W ttElijah is worthy to die? So -the mighty gather against thee, and they have prepared a net for thy steps; that they may seize thee, that they may slay thee. Arise, then, ,and . hasten for thy life; to the Wilderness journey. The Lord thy God doth go With thee: He Will not; fail thee, He Will not forsake thee. Now begone, and bless me also. ' ELIJAH.-Though stricken, they have not grieved; Tarry here, my servant: the Lord be With thee. I journey hence to the Wilderness. 2 Kings 1. 13. Jer. v. 3; xxvl. 11. Psalm lix. 3. 1 Kings xix. 4. Deut. xxxi. 6. Exodus x11. 32. . 1' Samuel xvii. 37. Air. ELIJAH.eIt is enough, 0 Lord; now take , away my life, for I am not better than my fathers! I desire to live no longer: now let me die, for my days are but vanity! I have been very jealous for the Lord God of Hosts! for the children of Israel have broken Thy covenant, thrown down Thine altars, and slain Thy prophets With the sword: and I even I, only am left; and they seek my life to take it away. , Job vii. 16. 1 Kings xix. 10. Recitative. See, now he sleepeth beneath a juniper tree in the wilderness: and there the angels of the Lord encamp round about all them that fear Hlln- 1 Kings xix. 5. Psalm xxxiv. 7. Trio. ANGELs.-Lift thine eyes to the mountains, whence cometh help. Thy help cometh from the Lord, the Maker of heaven and earth. ,He hath said, thy foot shall not be moved: thy Keeper Will never slumber. Chorus. ANGELs.eHe, watching over Israel, slumbers not, nor sleeps. Shouldst thou, walking in grief, languish, He will quicken thee. Psalm cxxl. 4; cxxxvlil. 7. Air. 0 rest in the Lord; wait patiently for Him, and He shall give thee thy heartls desires. Commit thy way unto Him, and trust in Him, and fret not thyself because of evil doers. Psalm xxxvll. 1, 7. Psalm cxxl, 1, 3. Chorus. He that shall endure t0 the end, shall be saved. ' Matthew xxiv. 13. ELIJAH.-I go on my way in the strength of the Lord. For Thou art my Lord; and I will suffer for Thy sake. My heart is therefore glad, my glory rejoiceth, and my flesh shall also rest in hope. ' 1 Kings. xix. 15, 18. Air. ELIJAH.eFor the mountains shall depart, and the hills be removed; but Thy kindness shall not depart from me, neither shall the covenant of Thy peace be removed. Isaiah 11v. 10. Psalm lxxi. 16; xvi. 2, 9. Chorus. Then did Elijah the prophet break forth like a fire; his words appeared like burning torches. Mighty kings by him were over- thrown. He stood on the mount of Sinai, and heard the judgments of the future; and in Horeb, its vengeance. ' And When the Lord would take him away to heaven, 10! there came a fiery chariot, With fiery horses; and he went by a Whirlwind to heaven. Ecclesiastes xlvlii, 1. 6, 7. Air. Then shall the righteous shine forth as the sun in their heavenly Fatherls realm. J oy on their head shall be for everlasting, and all sor- row and mourning shall flee away for ever. Matthew xiii. 43. Isaiah 11. 11. 2 Kings ii. 1, 11. Quartet. 0! come every one that thirsteth, 0 come to the waters: come unto Him. 0 hear, and your soul shall live for ever! Isaiah 1v. 1, 3. , Chorus. And then shall your light break forth as the light of morning breaketh; and your health shall speedily spring forth then; and the glory of the Lord ever shall reward you. Lord, our Creator, how excellent Thy name is in all the nations! Thou fillest heaven With thy glory. Amen! Isaiah lvlii. 8. Psalm viii. 1. THE NORMAL ADVANCE GRADUATIN G CLASS COMBINED COLLEGE AND OLD NORMAL COURSE B. O. WELLS, Treasurer ORPHA COLE, Secretary The Graduating Class is composed of the Seniors 0f the regular Normal course and the College Seniors. The Seniors from both classesmet during the winter term and elected officers. Such an organization became neces- sary in order that the Seniors of both courses m-operate in presenting to their friends the 11111111111 entertainment. Heretofore there has been 110 such organiza- tion as the Graduating Class. The College Course is of rather recent date, and only a few graduates have been numbered 011 that roll, so the regular Normal Seniors have taken entire charge of the annual entertainment. But this year the many things to be done made such an organization necessary. The College Course has become an important adjunct 0f the school curriculum, and this year there are fifteen graduates from that department. This class of graduating college students could not well give an e11tertai11111e11t for the school and for their friends, yet its members desired to co-operate in planing 1111 e11tert11i11111e11t. The Normal Seniors were desirous of this hearty co-operation S0 the classes organized 11s one. This organization transacts all the business of the graduating classes. All finances are col- lected 11nd disbursed through its Officers and all arrangements are made through it by means of committees. Its purpose and administration W. T. BARBRE, President G. W. YOUNGBLOOD, Vice-Pns't are entirely of a business nature. The Normal Seniors and the college students, including Col- lege Seniors, still have their separate organiza- tions for literary and small social functions. The faculty committee on Senior alfairs set apart Tuesday night, June 21, to be used as the Graduating Class might determine. After much discussion, debate, and correspendence, and after many committees had considered and reconsidered propositions for entertainment, the class unanimously decided to have Miss Min- turn present Mendelssohnts ttElijahW one of his finest oratorios. The Normal chorus, aided by some local chorus talent, Will sing the choruses. Miss Minturn was fortunate in.securing Mr. Marion Green, basso cantante, of Chicago, to sing the part of E Zijah. Mrs. Eleanor Carlton, of Chicago, will sing the soprano part, Miss Minturn, the contralto part, and Mr. Paul Davis, of Muncie, the tenor part. The chorus Will be accompanied by a full orchestra. This oratorio7 given by the chorus and orchestra un- der the direction of Miss Minturn and the pro- fessional soloists, promises to be 2111 excellent and delightful entertainment. The graduat- ing class may well feel proud of having been so fortunate as to secure such a high class form of entertainment, given largely by student talent. The program of the entertainment is found elsewhere in the ADVANCE. 325 1: COLLEGE COURSE ELEANOR CUNNINGHAM JONES, Terre Haute, Vigo Co., Ind. ' Major-German. Gamma Gamma. RUTH ANNA KING, Danville, Ind. Major-Latin. HELEN A. ROSS, Terre Haute, Ind. Major-Latin. A :7 ! LAURA L. ELLIS, Terre Haute, Ind. Major-German. EDITH M. BADER, Terre Haute, Ind. Major Education. BERTHA E. DODSON, Terre Haute, Ind. Major-Mathematics. A Philomathean. x V Secretary of College Seniors. 328 THE NORMAL ADVANCE M EDGAR M. SERVIES, Brazil, Ind. Maj or Mathematics. A Daedalian. M. RUBY' WEILLS, Terre Haute, Ind. Major Dravving. SAMUEL F. HILDEBRAND, Stendal, Ind. Major-Zoology. Treasurer C. C. Seniors. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 329 LOIS ANNE RUTLEGE, Knightstown, Ind. Major-Biology. MARION ALICE BARBOUR, Terre Haute, Ind. Major English. WILLIAM THOMAS BARBRE, Farmersburg, Sullivan Co., Ind. President of Y. M. C. A. 1909-10. President Graduating Class 1910. President College Seniors 1910. Major-English. 330 THE NORMAL ADVANCE MRS. MARY O. HOWARD, Terre Haute, Ind. Major English. MATTIE L. JOHNSON, Brazil, Ind. Major English. WILLIAM E. ST. CLAIR BEST, Rockville, Ind. Major-Physics. OLD N ORMAL COURSE .W............W.m.m F leva.-.wm...-., m- r . Jesse Wood, Lester Campbell, D. R. Henry, W. F. Mitchell President, Winter President, Spring Vice-Ptesident, Winter Athletic Captain, Winter. Lelah Stewart, Secretary, Winter Chloe Houghton, Royal Pottinger. Guy johnson, Edhor Vicz-President, Spring Athletic Captain, Sprin B. 0. Wells, Lenore M. Bumam, 5. Roy Shar , President, Fall Secretary, Fall Athletic ptain, Fall G. W. Youngblood, Wm. L. Connor, Harry MilhoIIand Treasurer, Winter Treasurer, Spring Vice-President, Fall 332 .THE NORMAL ADVANCE BERTHA M. ROLL, Pimento, Ind. LOLA E. NUSBAUM, Wakarusa, Ind. MARY FUNICAN; Reelsville, Ind. HANNA H. WOLFE, Freelandville, Ind. ELIZABETH JOSLIN, Riley. Ind. MAMIE M. SCHULER, Henryville, Ind. ALVIN R. NEYHOUSE, Chandler, Ind. GENIA W. YOUNGBLOOD, Yankeetown, Ind. Principal Huntingburg High School next year. GARLAND L. KING, West Terre Haute, Ind. MRS. PEARL WILLS FRANKLIN, Clayton, Ind. 333 334 THE NORMAL ADVANCE $ NELLIE SETTLES, Guion, Ind. EDNA HENRIETTA WOLF, Leesburg, Kosciusko County, Ind. BERDINA C. BENNETT, Terre Haute, Ind. CHLOE SINER, Pimento, 'Ind. MAE KRONMILLER, Terre Haute, Ind. i THE NORMAL ADVANCE 335 MAY ALICE THOMAS, Lafayette, Ind. LAURA CLENDENNING, Markland, Ind. Will teach at Indianapolis. MYRTLE CLARK, Terre Haute, Ind. NELLIE E. WOLFE, Paoli, Orange County, Ind. LAURA M. MOORE, Terre Haute, Ind. Graduated Indiana University. High School Principal, Linton, Indiana, 1898-1907. Finished College Graduate Course, December, 1909. One yeafs Post Graduate work in Latin, European History and German Literature. 336 THE NORMAL ADVANCE INEZ WHITCRAFT, Wabash ,Ind. LULU L. STRICKLER, North Manchester, Ind. ANNA E. COX, Union City, Ind. MIRIAM MERCHANT, Brook, Ind. DESSIE SUMWALT, Farmland, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 337 m CLAUDE O NEAL, Amo, Ind. Is attending school at Indiana University. Member of Forum. WILLIAM VALENTINE, Claypool, Ind. LESLIE A. CHILDRESS, Fairbank, Ind. H. H. PLEASANT, Tower, Ind. Superintendent Buck Creek Schools next year. Tippecanoe County. WILLIAM A. SHEWMAN, Akron, Ind. Member of Ciceronian Debating Society. nxml 3m THE NORMAL ADVANCE HATTIE STIRWALT, Prairieton, Ind. LEONA COLLINS, Terre Haute, Ind. GLADYS MAUD HARRINGTON, Clinton, Ind. ELIZABETH KADEL, Terre Haute, Ind. LELAH E. STEWART, Orleans, Ind. Member of Psi Theta Chapter. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 339 LEROY FAIR, Terre Haute, Ind. Graduated from Wiley High School, 05. Has taught three years in district schools and high school. GEORGE J. MEYER, Haubstadt, Ind. CHARLES H. McCORMACK, Castleton, Ind. G. RAY SHARP, Andrews, Ind. A Daedalian. Will teach at Smith Center, Kan. JESSE G. TURNER, Ft. Branch, Gibson Co., Ind. Has taught seven years. Will teach in Ft. Branch H. S. next year. 340 , THE NORMAL ADVANCE HENRY W. A. HEMMER, Holland, Ind. WILLIAM H. CAIN, Sandborn, Ind. Member of Ciceronian Debating Society. MILTON B. NUGENT, Elnora, Ind. OTTO CHRISTY, Riley, Ind. A Daedalian. HUGH CATHEART, Little York, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 341 a OTTO G. LIDIKAY, Georgetown, Ind. A Daedalian. BLOOMER O. WELLS, Alexandria, Ind. A Daedalian. LESTER c. CAMPBELL, Winslow, Ind. President Senior Class, Spring 10. Member Daedalian Debating Teams 1909-10. WALDO F. MITCHELL, New London, Ind. A Daedalian. Member Inter-State Debating Team 10. CHARLES E. LIMP, Velpen, Ind. A Daedalian. - 342 THE,NORMAL ADVANCE MAUD HUNTER, Lyons, Ind. SYLVIA SINGLETON, Lena, Ind. Graduate of DePauw University. Member of the Epselon Delta Section. Member of the Philomathean Literary Society. LELIA MAUDE OGDEN, Foresthill, Decatur Co., Ind. EDNA GRAHAM, Lapel, Ind. BELVIA E. CUZZART, English, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE . 343 LUCILE STIBBINS, Monroe City, Knox Co., Ind. ORPHA FRANCES COLE, Terre Haute, Ind. FLORENCE MURIEL EARLLE, Greencastle, Ind. LENORE MANITA BURNAM, Memphis, Tenn. Will teach English in Waveland High School next year. BERTHA M. BICKHART,,Har1an, Ind. '344 THE NORMAL ADVANCE WILLIE SHIVELY, Vincennes, Ind. AMELIA LOUISE PETERS, Rushville, Rush Co., Ind. ERNST UNVERFERTH, Freelandville, Ind. Member of Ciceronian Debating Society. ALBERT DICKSON, Hentyville, Ind. GUY BISHOP, Mt. Vernon, Ind. Entered I. S. N. S. fall of 1907. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 345 MARGARET CORNELL, New Albany, Ind. MYRTLE LANDERHOLM, Terre Haute, Ind. MARGARET E. MOORE, Pimento, Ind. I : ALICE MATHEWS, Angola, Ind. NELLIE C. HABERSTICH, Terre Haute, Ind. 346 THE NORMAL ADVANCE CHLOE V. HOUGHTON, Culver, In'd. EDITH HATON, Terre Haute, Ind. HOWARD RAY, Terre Heiute, Ind. LEO FRANCIS, Henryville, Ind. WM. 0. WINKLER, Dale, Ind. Member Ciceronian Debating Society. Instructor State Reformatory 1907308. THE NORMAL ADVANCE MRS. CHARLES MONTGOMERY, Danville, Ind. CHARLES MONTGOMERY, Danville, Ind. S. CLINTON MORRILL, Kirklin, Ind. Member of Forum Debating Society. Member varsity Debating Team, 1909. Principal Kirklin High School, 1909-10. Superintendent Mulberry Schools next year. GUY JOHNSON, Solsberry, Ind. Member of Forum Debating Society. D. R. HENRY, Windfall, Ind. Member of Forum Debating Society. Member of Inter-State Debating Team. 347 348 THE NORMAL ADVANCE CHARLES E. McCLURE, Valparaiso, Ind. Graduated from Valparaiso University with B. S. and A. B. degrees. Elected Superintendent of Schools, Newport, Ind., for 1910-11. z. MERRIL SMITH, Gosport, Ind. Member of Forum Debating Society. IDA IRMIGER, Terre Haute, Ind. BUTLER LAUGHLIN, Robison, Ind. HARRY C. MILHOLLAND, Westport, Ind. A Daedalian. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 349 WILMA ANNA HESSION, Bloomington, Ind. ELIZABETH ANNE UNDERWOOD, Paoli, Ind. VIOLA FIELD, Jasonville, Ind. KATE MOODY, Terre Haute, Ind. E i LULU HUFTY, Wolcott, Ind. 350 THE NORMAL ADVANCE WILMA WATSON, Scipio, Ind. COBERT B. JENKINS, Crandall, Ind. WM. L. CONNOR, Troy, Perry Co., Ind. Did Practice II. in English and History in Normal High School. HOWARD W. BYRN, Georgetown, Ind. MARY E. ROBBIN, Terre Haute, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 351 ETHEL HUGHES, Terre Haute, Ind. MARGARET L. HILL, Knightstown, Ind. ' ETHEL WALLACE, Anderson, Ind. JOY MUCHMORE, Sullivan, Ind. LAURA M. WOODY, Terre Haute, Ind. 352 THE NORMAL ADVANCE CALVIN GRIFFITH, Coal City, Ind. ROYAL POTTINGER, Claypool, Ind. ETHEL BARCO, Sullivan, Ind. B. FLOYD STALCUP, Hardinsburg, Ind. MATHIAS NOLCOX, Patoka, Ind. Student at I. U. winter and spring. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 353 XM ALICE B. KELSEY, Huntington, Ind. JOHN FRIEDMAN, Celestine, Ind. EDITH TOMPKINS, Greencastle, Ind. Teacher at Muncie. JESSE A. WOOD, Bedford, Ind. JOHN MQRLAND, West Terre Haute, Ind. 354 THE NORMAL ADVANCE M DAVID STONER, Ladoga, Ind. CECIL VINSON, Frankton, Ind. KATHERINE LEONARD, Huntington, Ind. FERN V. PETTIFORD, Burnett, Ind. ESTELLE E. SCHOCKEL, Aurora, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 355 k ROSA C. CRISTY, Coatesville, Ind; KATHRINE MCBRIDE, Elwood, Ind. Alpha Sorority. JOSHUA J. HUFFORD, Cutler, Ind. LUCY ESTELLE ALLEN, Greencastle, Ind. ANNA BLANCHE ELLIOTT, Columbus, Ind. Alpha Sorority. President Womank League. THEE .N'OR.MAL ADVANCE CLARENCE E. CRAWFORD, Tunnelton, Ind. BERTHA M. CARTER, Petersburg, Ind. ; LOLA BLAINE KELLEY, Plainfield, Ind. LENA B. ASHWORTH, Terre Haute, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 357 FIRST CLASS TO GRADUATE FROM NORMAL TRAINING HIGH SCHOOL Emma Dommershausen Hazel j. Nelson Dorothy Grace Roberts Maybelle Peck Irene Shirley John V. Lawrence ' Joe S. GiIIum Albert H. Neukom Roberfw. Parsons Warren R. Cox Ruth E. Schloss Margaret McCune Curry Harry R. Whissen Winifred Russel Rettger Matilda M. Rzile John I. Caste Emelyn R. Hazledinz jobe B. Johnson Margaret Wansted Worsham Mary Ruth Murphy 358 THE NORMA L ADVANCE Know Ye, Oh Faculty! SENIOR CHALLENGE TO FACULTY When at the end of an inhuman course of Normal school instruction, it becomes neces- sary for any Senior Class to dissolve the bonds of sacrifice and labor that have so long bound them to this Faculty and school, and assume among the teachers of the children of men, that lofty, noble and independent station to Which the laws of our State, our Normal and our Normalis Gods entitle them, a decent respect for traditions of the past, a high opinion of the athletic ability of the present Senior Class, and a desire to gratify the expectations of all our under-graduate friends, makes it imper- ative that we, the Class of 1910, should chal- lenge the Faculty of Indiana State Normal School to meet us, in battle array and uni- formed, on the New Parsons Field at 3:45 p. 111., Saturday, J une 18, 1910. But ere this edict be submitted, a decent re- spect for the feelings of the challenged de- mands that we declare the causes that prompt our action. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all Seniors are created the mental equals of all Faculty members, that they are endowed by their r eator With certain inalienable rights, tha. among these are the right to make P+ls, to pursue whatsoever course they desire With- out being confronted With impregnable barriers marked ttProfessional workf to entertain their friends at their own expense by whatsoever means they may desire, to be treated as the equals of the Seniors of any other school, and to be shown the same courtesy by the Faculty as is shown to Seniors of other schools by their faculties, and to pursue their own chosen courses of happiness and recreation. To secure these rights certain bodies of Seniors have met as committees, certain peti- tions have been formulated and presented and many requests have been oifered the Faculty for their consideration, But When in opposition to these rights, our petitions have been rejected and our requests refused by the Faculty, and our rights are thereby destroyed, it is then our privilege and our duty to demand satisfaction, and to seek redress in such form as shall comport to the dignity of the Seniors and contribute to the humiliation of the Faculty. Prudence dictates that customs long established shall not be abolished for light and transient causes; eX- perience hath shown that the Faculty has been more disposed to suffer defeat at the hands of other Senior classes than to save themselves by abolishing the customs that have so long ex- isted among us. Therefore it is our right, it is our duty, to demomd that they accept our challenge. The history of the attitude of the Faculty to the present class is a long series of repeated injuries and abuses, all having as their direct object to humble the noble Seniors and to extol the dignity, the authority and the glory of the Faculty. To prove this let facts be submitted to a candid st'udent world. They have required long, diflicult and unin- teresting lessons to be prepared. They have at various times, shown them- selves to be endowed With ungovernable ten- dencies to give N PS and P-Js. They have passed requirements that have made it impossible for any Senior to secure P+ grades, Without putting forth hard effort Which is incompatible With the dignity of a Senior. They have required our presence at com- mencement, Which deprives us of a week of our vacation time, increases our expense, makes necessary our living for a longer time on meagre fare in the City of soot and dirt, com- pels the endurance of a longer period of home- sickness and robs us of the recreation so badly 93+ THE NORMAL ADVANCE needed by those Who must remain for the summer. . They have taken into consideration our humble request to give a play and have so con- fused and delayed us by their neglect to act thereon, that it was found too lateto give the same; While at the same time they have insisted that we give some kind of entertainment, and have thus interfered with our rights to the pursuit of pleasure and happiness. They have refused to grant our humble peti- tion for a week of rest, insisting that three days are suHicient recognition of our worth and dignity, thus humbling us before the Seniors of other schools, whose petitions their faculties have recognized. They have required us to enter classes With undergraduates, thus causing us to lose much of our dignity, and to a certain extent, our identity as Seniors. They have imposed upon us many other indignities of like nature, which in our mag- nanimity we forbear to mention. In every stage of these oppressions we have borne our burdens in as humble manner as our dignity would permit. Our petitions and re- quests have been answered by repeated injliry and rejection. Nor have we been wanting in our attentions to our worthy Faculty. We have reminded them at various times of our 359 dissatisfaction and have attempted to gain their recognition. They have been deaf to the voice of justice and consanguinity. We must, therefore, ac- quiesce in the necessity, which denounces their conduct and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, enemies in war, in peace friends. We, therefore, the representative committee of the Senior Class, in called meeting assem- bled, appealing to the supreme Judge of the world for the rectitude of our intentions, do in the name and by the authority of the Senior Class of the Indiana State Normal School, on this second day of June, the twenty-fifth year of our Lord, President Parsons, hereby solemn- ly publish and declare, that the Senior Class desire and demand that the Faculty meet them , in a game of baseball, to be played on the New Parsons F ield, Saturday, June 18, 1910, at 3 :45 p. m. tSpaldingts Rules 1910 to be authorityy Promptness being a Virtue much emphasized and demanded by the Faculty in the past, we now demand that we be honored by a reply not later than Monday, June 13, 1910. . Rules and regulations not specified in the Spalding Guide may be determined by a com- mittee of two Faculty men and two Seniors and another chosen by these four from outside either body. Though varying wishes, hopes, and fears, Fevortd the progress of these years, Yet now, days, weeks, and months but seem The recollection of a dream. eScott. 360 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Why Does a Cow? ANNA M. CLIPPINGER ttBobby dear, Ijve been thinking about it a great deal lately, and I think we had better do it? She slipped out of her chair with quick girl- ish ease and seated herself on her husbandls knee entirely ignoring the morning paper which might have been supposed to intervene. 4Yes, dear? he murmured mechanically, holding his paper aside in one hand, and con- tinuing to read. ' 4tIt would be so much better for the chil- drenf, she continued earnestly. ttShe must be a lovely gentle one, and all spotted red and white? ' ttWho is spotted red and white? Mr. Pruitt inquired vaguely, as, after snatching wildly at the paper which his wife, by a magic twist of the wrist, had sent skipping across the room, he began to awake to the duties of a husband. ttOh, Bobby, Pm talking about a cowll, she explained impatiently. tgIt would be so splen- did to have all the milk we could use, and nice rich cream for our coffee; and I could churn fresh butter every morning. Then it would be good for you to have something to do outside of that stuffy old office of yours? t4That seems reasonable,,, he admitted. ttBut look here, Toots! Pm not unduly priggish, I hope, but really I never did milk a cow? She bounced severely on his knee. i ttOh Bobby, donlt be horrid! Anybody can milk a cow. You just have to ll 4Come to think of itj, he interrupted, ttI think I am getting a little tired of rancid butter on hot biscuits and sour creain on straw- berries. D0 get a cow, TOOtS,,? ' ttBob Pruitt, you are laughing at me? she cried tearfully. Bob was chuckling. ttNever mind, Toots;7 he managed to sputter at last. cgAppearances are against you, but I believe in you yet; and though you may seem .. . heretical Pm sure your doctrine is sound. Weill have a cow W ttOh, Bobby dear! I knew you would think I was right? ttBut, Toots, you will have to buy it, for I never can get time. 111 have to run for my train now. Get a good one. Illl pay fifty for it,3, and kissing her hastily, he rushed off. Mrs. Pruitt, like most impractical women, liked to show her executive ability, and under- took the expedition eagerly, returning long after dinner time hungry and tired, but triumphant. The animal was a clumsy, sad- eyed, curiously mottled one, selected7 Toots as- sured her husband that evening, largely by an instinctive appreciation of the creatures good points. 'ttCome Out to see her, Bob? she insisted. ttI turned her out in the back yard? But though the sun was still high, no cow was in sight. Mr. Pruitt climbed the shaky back fence for a look about, and, chancing to look between the rows of corn in a neighborls field, saw their pet, partaking of an early supper. ttShe must have been reading articles on self- helpfl commented Bob. The chase was an exciting one. At first an honest ttforward marchll movement was tried accompanied by the tune of ttSo Bossll or ccHere Bess? But though the cow was boss and knew it, she did not intend to give away her methods so soon. Then, too, it happened that her name was Mahitable, and being an animal of much personal pride and fixity of habits, she declined to reply to any other call. At last a fiank-and-rear movement was ap- plied which produced the desired effect. ttNow that we have her safe, let us milk her? said Toots with a nervous little giggle, as at last they secured the animal with a heavy rope. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 361 EE A foot-rest was brought from the parlor and a shiny new pail from the kitchen. Mahitable looked around speculatively at the seated Bob; decided she did not like his looks, and wheeled around to an angle of forty- five degrees. Bob looked insulted but moved to position. Again the cow executed the side- step. ttTootsf requested Bob soberly and politely, ttwontt you kindly take hold of the cowis tail and hold her down'w Toots complied. Bob moved up again. The cow glanced around, looked determined, and suddenly extended one hind leg toward Bob, Toots, and the whole world in general. Of course no one was hit, but Bob thought it best to move, and, being no procrastinator, he found the quickest way to be a back somersault. thy Jingo, TootsW he cried as he regained his feet and his dignity simultaneously. itI hope you will not think me stubborn or lazy, but P11 be bumped if P11 try to milk that cow againW t4You most likely will? came in a hoarse chuckle from behind them. itOh, Uncle Hiram! Won,t you please show Bob how to milk this cowW Mrs. Pruitt,s chief characteristic was per- severance. . ttWall, I dunnof he chuckled, t4I might if I could get the two of ,em nigh enough each other? He sat down in an accustomed way. Bob moved away. The cow looked around, decided to risk it, and maintained a state of grace. But why did no milk appear? Uncle Hiram tried again, got up and surveyed the beast, then looked sharply at the innocent possessors. ttHaw, Haw, HawP, he roared and slapped his thigh. ttWhat is the matteriw pleaded Toots turn- ing white. But Uncle Hiram was in no fit condition to reply. J ust as Toots was about to shriek with the suspense, he managed to sputter, ttWelle Haw, Haw! you wont get no milk from her for a good two months. Shets off on her va- cation? t ttYouth longs and Manhood strives; but Age remembers : Sits by the raked-up ashes of the past, Spreads its thin hands above the whitening embers That warm its creeping life-blood till the last? -0Z2 ver W. HOZ'Ines. 362 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Class Talent Play , Once upon a time long ago Senior Class at the Indiana State Normal School decided to have a Class Talent Play. But upon starting for the Play House they came to a fence all built of fiaming red tape, at which Class Talent was so frightened that Senior Class could not induce her to jump over. SO Senior Class went down from the fourth story of his dignity to the omce with the green carpet and said, ttPres. OlFaculty, please re- move the fence all built offlaming red tape so Class T alent may pass over, or we shall have no Class Talent Play this year? But Pres. OlFaCulty said, ttI can not do that very well by myself?7 SO Senior Class went to Prof. OlFaculty and said, ttProf. OiFaculty, please help Pres. OiFaculty, so he may remove the fence all built of iiaming red tape, so Class Talent may pass over, or we shall have no Class Talent Play this year? , Then Prof. OlFaculty went to Pres. OtFac- ulty and said, ttPres. OlFaculty, tell Senior Class that we can do nothing to remove the fence all built of flaming red tape because Hon- State Law says just what Senior Class shall do? So President OiFaculty called Senior Class together with his dear friend Class Talent, to him and said, itSenior Class and Class Talent, Prof. OlFaeulty and myself had about decided to help you along the road to the Play House when we discovered that we could do nothing to remove the fence all built of flaming red tape, because Hon. State Law says just what any Senior Class shall do? So Senior Class went to Hon. State Law and said, gcHon. State Law, help Prof. OiFaculty to remove the fence all built of flaming red tape so Class Talent may pass over, or we shall have 110 Class Talent Play this year? Then Hon. State Law said, ch fear a grave error has been made, for I was consulted in such haste that I left a wrong impression with Prof. OiFaculty concerning the Senior Class; but I cannot help Prof. OiFaculty help Pres. OlFaculty remove the fence all built of flam- ing red tape s0 Class Talent may pass over7 for Professional Ethics forbids me to interfere further in a case after I have been discharged? Whereupon Senior Class was disgusted with the whole affair and decided to take Class Talent and go down on the back Campus and eat worms, until Pres. OlFaculty and Prof. OTaculty had repented of their sin of care- lessness and haste in consulting Hon. State Law. And Pres. OTaculty and Prof. OlFaculty, after cogitating over the matter for a few days, did repent of their sin. Then they de- cided that President OlFaculty, being smaller and more graceful of form and speech than Prof. OTaculty should attempt to make the i matter right for both of them. So Pres. OiFaculty went down on the back campus and calling Senior Class and Class Talent to him, he began to feed them on pieems, straw, and another kind that is not in the cook book. As poor Senior Class and Class Talent had been living on worms for nearly a week, they ate the pie greedily and felt much refreshed. Presi- dent OlFaculty was overjoyed at the recupera- tive power of his Senior Class and Class Talent and hastened to remove seven out of thirteen 0f the strands making up the fence all built of flaming red tape over which Class Talent must pass in order to reach Play House. Senior Class was much puffed up with the pie, and saw that Class Talent was much en- couraged by the lowering of the fence, so he took her by the hand, and they strutted up and down before the fence; and, at last, gath- ering courage they made a little run and leaped what seemed to them a mighty leap. But the THE NORMAL ADVANCE diet of worms had so much weakened them that they came down on the very top of the fence all built of flaming red tape. And there they hang to this very day as a solemn warning to all 363 future Senior Classes at the Indiana State Nor- mal School Who look longingly through the fence all built of flaming red tape at the Play House on the other side. Miss Moods RUTH SCHLOSS, N. T. H. S., ,10 ttFares, please? came the voice of the con- ductor at my elbow, in response to which I handed him a dime. ttTwoW, he asked, in a most matter-of-fact way, and proceeded to pull the register cord twice. I looked around at the dainty-clad figure beside me. I had barely noticed her a few minutes before as I stood to let her precede me into the trolley car. And I had not even glanced at her when I swung my suit-case into the cross-seat Which she occupied. I could have taken another seat, but unconsciously I had followed her as though it were the most natural thing in the world. Now I looked at her. I saw a serious face, a pair of hazel eyes that were endeavoring to convey a message to my stupid brain, and a luxury of golden brown hair coiled impatiently. As my gaze swept down over a most trim figure to a pair of neat- ly shod feet, I noticed that one was nervously tapping the floor. My eyes came back to the open features, which were tinted With a mag- niiicent blush and the eyes seemed to drop ap- pealingly to her lap. Mine followed hers and there I beheld a gold purse entirely empty. Her glance then met mine. At last I under- stood. She was absolutely Without carfare. I had not seen that the conductor had returned to the platform so I nodded to Miss Distress as though I understood and then tried to call the blue uniformed oHicial to me. I wanted to tell him that the ten cent fare had been for two. ' ttStupid W hissed Miss Unrest, ttDo you want everybody in the car to know that I allowed you to pay my fare. Dont you see that he thinks welre together? Heis forgotten all about us and if you call him helll thinkwh, goodness what he wont think? Stupidly, I blushed. ttOh, Why Will you color? moaned Miss Dis-' traction, ttCanlt you see that they are looking at usV It was true. Two middle-aged women acrOSS the aisle were nudging each other7 a pert young miss behind them was snickering uncontrollably and two men in back of her Were smiling broadly. I looked at the figure beside me; Heavens! If I were judging correctly that dress she wore was one commonly known as the going-away gown. I reached down for my suitcase. It was about time to show those fools their mistake. I WOuld go to another seat in the car and then they would see VhOW wrong they were. But quickly as I moved a light hand was laid on my arm. ttNo, you cant, ,l whispered Miss Wildv Alarm, ttIf you thinkeoh, you know What they thinka-that we ve quarreled already and 0h$77 ttI dont know what to do? I conlided 'to Miss Tearfulness, for she now looked at me through a mist of tears, ttperhaps I can leave the car-I dont know. Do you imagine that would be all rightW ttAnd leave me here to face them? asked Miss Indignation. thh, I wouldnitayou mustnltedont How could you be so thoughtless, such an idiotW ctJust because I paid your carfare doesnit give you privilege to call me namesf, I re-l minded her sulkily. itHereP, blazed Miss Anger, thrusting her 364' THE NORMAL ADVANCE gold purse into my fist. ttHow unkind for you to remind me of that! I thought you were a gentleman. I fully intended asking you your name and address that I might return your five cents, but now you may take this, Pm sure it will pay you? An inspiration came to me. eBe carefulfl I said. uThey surely will think that we have quarreled. You know we must preserve ap- perances until we get 011', at least. By the way where do you get olfiw ttWhy, why, I have to go to the Union Station;3 stammered Miss Humiliation, ttI must aeask you to buy a ticket for me. You See-,, But I needed no explanation. I felt eager to pay her way forever, if she would let me. ccAs it happens? I assured her, t4I am also going to the Union Station. I should consider it a great privilege to buy your ticket? For- ever, I Was about to add, but checked myself in time. tiWellfl said my maid of moods, ttif youlre going to do that you might as well return my purse? I did and then the conductor yelled ttUnion Stationlll As Miss Embarrassment and I walked down the aisle, I really wished itit,7 were so. We went to the ticket window in the station. ttA ticket to-J, I began studidly. ttPleasejl turning to my companionxl where are you to g0?,, ttRichvilleW came the short reply. Richville! I forgave the shortness of the an- swer; I forgave everything. I also was going to Richville. Perhaps I should see her again, perchance we should meetfl ttYou better hurry? I commanded coldly. II have only half a minute to make my train? But it was Miss Scornful who hurried down the station platform with me and regarded me icily several minutes after the train had started. Then she suddenly turned to me. tcYou are unpardonably rude, sirfl she said, ttto imagine that because I allowed you to pay my fare and buy my ticket you should calmly force your attentions upon me. How dared you to buy a ticket to the same place that I was going and then deliberately ride beside me? Oh, no you cant change now, for these people are imagining the same thing those others did. ttYou do me an injustice,ll was my rejoinder, ttI was going to Riehville before I really linewell ttBefore you really knew I didnlt have car- faref laughed Miss Merriment, so adorably. ttI have forgiven you and believe you? she continued, ttnow talk to mefl My blood leaped in my veins. tiThe only thing I can talk about at present? I said, ttis you? Her face changed immediately and if looks could kill I would be dead now. 4tThatls the way with men of your class, to make such remarks to unprotected girls. If we must sit together now, for appearance sake, please donlt talk to me? ttCanlt you excuse me for a while ?l, I hastened to ask after all this excitement. ttI have to look for a friend I expect on the train. At least I am expected to meet herf, I corrected myself. ttYou are to meet a gier, asked Miss Frig- idity. ttOf course, you may look for her. I have nothing to say if you prefer her society to mine? ttYes, but you see she itPlease donlt bother to Frigidity interrupted icily. 7, explainf Miss Now if she had only permitted me to tell her that Jim Stevens wanted me to look out, for his sister, who he thought might be on thetrain which I was to take to the house party at his home, we might have been ever so much happier. But she sat in silence for many miles. Presently a pair of hazel eyes looked at me. I put on my sternest air. They turned away, but soon came back. gtWell, you must talk to mefl finally whis- THE NORMAL ADVANCE w-Ea pered Miss Moods, ttif for no other reason than that we are supposed to beeyou knowefl I had almost forgot about that, but quite out of the ordinary had nothing to say. Miss De- mureness soon fidgeted and blushed. ttThat was beautifulfl I said. ttWhy will you persist in talking like thatW she cried. ttYou know that it is objectionable to me. If you cant find that possible, I fear I will have to change my seat? It was Miss Scornful speaking. tlBut you canltjy I gloated. ttWhat will peo- ple think? J ust fancy if they should imagine that we had quarreledfl She looked at me helplessly. But I was greatly relieved for the conductor called ttRich- Villelll I ran to help Miss Divinity, but a groom ran forward and pointed to her car- riage. I could not decide what to do. They certainly should have had some conveyance for me, but I could find none. ttPerhaps you can tell me if the Stevenls car- riage is herer I ventured to inquire. Miss Divinity looked at me and smiled. ttYes, I can,,, she managed to say. cgThis is it? I stood like an idiot. ttTheneyoue-youeyou are J imls sisteriw She nodded. ttAnd you are Tom Blake? she said, ttJimls chumV ttAnd the man Jim wants for a brother-in- law? I added. ' It was true. J im had told me that the special A 365 reason why he wanted me to meet his sister on the train was that I might fall in love with her before I arrived. Miss Stevens glared at me. ttJump in? she ordered curtly. tcYou arestupid, arenlt you ?. If you had had sense enoughfl spoke Miss IMercilessness, ttto let me tell you that the reason I was with- out money was that our machine broke down just as it was ready to take me to the station, and that in the excitement I forgot my hand bag, we would have got along much better to- gether. But you wouldnlt let me say a word lla ttVVell you didnlt let me explain either? I said. ttYou might at least have asked me on the train whom I was to meet. But you were so angry you wouldnt? ttI wasnlt angry? , ttYou were and I know it, because you looked just as you did when I told. you what Jim said? ttJust thesame I wasnlt angryfl persisted Miss Stubbornness. ttYou mean at what Jim saidW She colored. ttOh, I didnt say that? uJim said that I would fall in love with youil I continued. ttDo you think it would be strange if I shouldW ttHow should I know? responded Miss Pert. I reached for her hand. She gazed at me demurely. Then her eyes appealingly said: Please wait until we get to know each other better. It was hard, but we did and it was better. Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And never brought to mind? Should auld acquaintance be forgot, And days 0, lang syne? -Bums. 366 THE NORMAL ADVANCE The Normal Advance DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF THE INDIANA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL EDITORIAL STAFF WM. L. CONNOR Editor-in-Chief WALDO EMITCHELL. - . - . 1 . - . - V Associate Editor MAURICE MURPHY ................. Second Associate ERNEST L. WELBORN . . ............ Literary Editor NELLIE HABERSTICH ------ i - . . . . .Society Editor J ESSE WOOD ------------------- Athletic Editor Eggggfvfgft : 1 1 .j j j : : 1 l 1 gLocal and Alumni Editors CHLOE HOUGHTON ------ . . Senior Editor FRED DONAGHY ------------------- Junior Editor CLYDE SHAW . - - -------- Sophomore Editor FLORA SAUPERT ............... College Course Editor BUSINESS STAFF CALVIN H. PFINGST ---------------- Business Manager MELVIN K. DAVIS .............. Advertising Managers ADAM BOWLES CLYDE SHOW ; ................ Circulation Manager BOARD OF CONTROL PRES. W. W. PARSONS, Ex-Ojiicio PROF. CHAS. M. CURRY, Chairman ARTHUR CUNNINGHAM, WILL T. BARBRE, C. 0., Secretary WM. H. CAIN, '10, OSCAR SCHOPMEYER. '11 WM. UNVERFETH, 12 Published monthly from October to J une. inclusive. Terms ......................... $1.00 per Year Single Copies . . . . 15 Cents Commencement Number --------------- 35 Cents Address all communications to THE NORMAL ADVANCE, Terre Haute. Ind. Upon change of address immediately notify THE ADVANCE. All alumni, as well as undergraduates, are urged to hand in contri- utions. Entered at the Terre Haute post 017$ch as second class mail matter. As the school year of 1909310 draws to a close, it is well for everybody connected with the school to think over the events of the year; and, then, looking ahead, to try to discover how the school life may be improved next year. ORATORY is alive and promises to be one of the leading school activities next year. The results of the contests this year have estab- lished in the minds of the students the value of training for public speaking. DEBATING shares with baseball the great- est popularity of any student endeavor. I. S. N. again defeated Illinois State Normal Uni- versity in the annual debate and formed a tri- angular league with that school and the Wis- consin State Normal 'at Oshkosh, Wisconsin. TWO debating teams will be sent out next year. With firm faith in the scholarly preparation these teams will make, we forecast two yie- tories in this field for I. S. N. FOOTBALL seems to be dead, but with the New Parsons Field, all that is needed '00 make it go is the support of the, facultyeand a coach. Men interested in the game should be- gin planning for it at once. BASKETBALL remains the college sport for winter, and should be encouraged. Our men did excellent work this year, in spite of the fact that they had no coach. The mater- ial is here for one of the ttfastest Iivesit in the state. The students and faculty Will support the team much better if the boys are givenea coach. BASEBALL is the greatest game at I. S. N. This season has been no exception. Not a game has been lost on the New Parsons Field and but three road games have been dropped. Our school bids fair to become champion of the Indiana Colleges in this sport. THE NEW PARSONS FIELD, within five minutes walk of the building is one of the iinest athletic fields. in the state. Baseball diamond, track, tennis courts, grandstands and dressing rooms make it tolerably complete. Its proxim4 ity to the building should give the same great impetus to football, track and tennis that it already has to baseball. I. S. N. is preparing for a great athletic future, not only in the mat- ter of putting out winning teams, but in mak- ing sane use of athletic equipment for the bene- fit of the students in general. THE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION charges a mem- bership fee of $5.00 per year or $2.00 per term. Like the Library fee, it should be compulsory, but since it is not everybody should join anyhow. Gymnasia and athletic fields, teams and games, are as important a part of education as books in this day and age of the world. Students work hardeand play hard, if they want to live. They should pay for athletic advantages along with other good things. THE WOMAN,S LEAGUE, on account of the large number of women in the school, is the THE NORMAL ADVANCE most important student organization. It should search about for a vigorous scholarly young woman to edit the ADVANCE. Personally, we believe the young women of the school do not do their share of running things. We will grant that ttpink teas, are their function, but we will not admit that ttpink teash will be the chief function of young ladies entering the teaching profession. THE Y. M. AND Y. W. C. A. are doing help- ful work. They need only be named to be supported'at I. S. N. Yet a more intellegent and aggressive support by all students will make these organizations more valuable serv- ants 0f the cause in which they labor. THE NORMAL ADVANCE is the mouthpiece of student life, scholarship, and ambition at I. S. N. We, tthe editor and his staifi have endeavored to maintain a high standard of ex- s 367 cellence for the paper throughout the school year. We have stood for I. S. N. from the first ' number to the big J une issue-The Anniver- sary-Oommencement Number. If we have pleased our individual readers we are glad. We have not dohe all the things we had planned . to do, but we have kept at the job and done what we could in the time at our command. We believe that we are leaving the paper a little better than we found it, though we could not hope to show the substantial gains made by the ADVANCE during the two years from 1907 to 1909.. To our successors we leave a great task, but they will lind an interesting field in which to labor. To them, to the ADVANCE, and to the whole school we extend our best wishes for enjoyable and profitable labor in the future. Items of . Special Interest ADDRESS OF DR. 000K. On the morning of Thursday, May 19, the N ormal students were favored by a highly en- tertaining and very instructive address by Dr. John W. Cook, president of the Illinois State N ormal. Dr. Cook is one of the leading Normal presidents of the United States, and the ad- dress was delivered upon the occasion of his visit as a member of the Board of Inspection. The address was logical throughout, and evidenced thorough scholarship. After pre- liminary remarks, which included a tribute to William A. Jones, the first president of the Normal, he spoke of the iniiuence of the teacher, which he compared to the unlimited influence of the ward ttboss? He said that a successful teacher needed to have only a few qualities, but to have these thoroughly. He urged teachers to act according to their beliefs, provided these were of the right nature. Of the qualities, he said that a school teacher would be unsuccessful unless he never ceased to maintain the progressive, buoyant spirit of twenty. Then he said a school teacher, to gain the love of pupils and t0 infiuence them in the right direction, must have beauty of life and character and a sweet temperament. Teachers were strongly admonished not to think of pe- cuninary profits as the end of school teaching, but to have their heart in their work, and to feel conscious of their greatmission. Dr. Cook has a delightful vein of natural humor, and this, with frequent anecdotes in the course of his address, made the whole most entertaining throughout. Every student fully appreciated the splendid words of Dr. Cook, and will not soon forget them. HANOVER VS. NORMAL. Great and wonderful tidings have come to us from Southern Indiana through the medium of the Hanover Triangle. What is the purport thereof? Their Victory over the I. S. N. at Hanover. This august baseball classic begins with a profound apostrophe to the shades of Julius am : Caesar and Pope Gregory. But what is the significance of an adjuration of the shades of two men whose demise occurred upward of fif- teen hundred years ago? Have they yet re- tained their presumed ellicacy? 0, most in- comparable antipodes of the decomposition of imbecility! Well, as to the result, after a terrilic thirteen inning struggle, with the score 4 to 4, Hanover managed to squeeze in a win- ning tally. This is furthermore described in a complete and highly elaborated style by Han- over, in which our worthy nine are alluded to by the abbreviation, ttNormsil designated by the appellation, itpedagogues from Terry Hut,,, and denominated by the hallucination, gtin- cliners of the growing twig? It speaks of our previous Victories in a manner which indicated that our nine representatives had suffered an enlargement of the bump of self-esteem. It speaks of the Hanoverian triumph as the Nor- maPs Salamis and its Waterloo. It speaks of the great pitchefs battle as between ttAchilles Dawson and Hector Freidman.w They say that With special permission from the faculty and us, they will use a new calendar, dating it from the event. Wherefore hear us, oh Han- over! The analogy referred to in the pitcherls bate tle was not a happy one. It should have been ttMacbeth Dawson and Banquo Freidmanfl For the Hanover twirler did not dispatch Freidman as effectively as the great Greek did the Trojan hero, and in the game between Han- over and the Normal in tiTerry Hutf on May 5, Freidman acted out an immaculate Banquo,s ghost scene, and the tables were turned about properly. Waterloo or Salamis, was it? 0, beatiflc Vision, possible of Hanover alone! Alas, a chemical analysis would show that it was of such stuff as dreams are made of. And When Hanover came 1to make their debut at Parsons Field, it vanished like a jar of strawberry jam when captured by a small boy. We are content to call upon the shades of our school building or our multitudinous co- horts at Parsons Field, or some tangible object. THE NORMAL ADVANCE Caesar or Gregory the Great are too much of back numbers for us. We may not be abnor- mally developed upon our bump of self esteem, but we are strong in continuity, and qike the wrestler in fable, every time we are thrown, we rise again twice as strong, as shown by our 5 to 3 victory over the Ohio River Presbyter- ians here on our own grounds. Oh piteous spectacle! Oh woeful day! After all, Hanover, it is our anticipated ap- prehension that we may admonish you that tghe laughs best who laughs last? Bear in mindePettijohnls trade-markethat whenever you vanquish the I. S. N. team at Hanover, its ghost will return to you and say, 41 Will meet you at Terry Hut? SECOND ASSOCIATE EDITOR. REPORT OF STUDENTS FUND 1909-1010 Perhaps one of the most helpful and yet least known student enterprises is the Students7 Loan Fund. Through the foresight, and the desire of the Class of l08 to leave behind it a memorial, which would be most useful until its Iinal end was accomplished, the Students, Loan F und was established. The final dis- position of the Fund when it has grown to a sufliciently great amount by the yearly addi- tions from future classes and accumulated in- terest, is to be for the erection of a Students, Building. However, instead of merely allow- ing it to lie in some bank on interest, the Class of 708 felt that a greater use might be made of it and consequently it was decided that it could do the most good in the hands of I. S. Nfs students. Accordingly, the plan was formulated whereby sums up to $100 are loaned on the honor system to senior students on their personal notes with 6 per cent inter- est. Thus the Fund grows not only by the addition of interest, but it also serves as a boon to the needy senior student, desirous of finishing his course immediately, who other- wise might not be able to complete it for sev- eral years. How well it has done the work for THE NORMAL ADVANCE 369 which it is intended is evidenced by the re- Total expense for two years, books, port of Professor J ohn B. Wisely, Trustee printing, etc., .................... 5.40 of the F und. I T RECEIPTS. Total of fund May 25, 1910 ....... $1,009.91 Balance on hand at close of year 1908- JOHN 13- WISELYa Trustee. 1909 ............................ $334.39 h From class of 1909 ................. 187.85 DB. HOWES 1400131533, Ftotn collections on notes ............ 275.00 On the morning of Tuesday, May 24, Dr. D1V1dends from Trust Company ...... 10.67 Thomas C. Howe, president of Butler College, Interest on notes ................... 27.00 delivered a scholarly and profitable address to ' 1- the student body. Dr. Howe said when he Total I'ecelpts .............. '. . . . $834.91 stood before the school he saw two large audi- EXPENDITURES. enees, not only those immediately before him, Loans to students ................... $690.00 but also the multitude of school children they Balance on hand in Terre Haute Trust would teach. He took the oppo'rtunity to Trust Company, May 25, 1910 ...... 144.91 speak of the tremendous responsiblhty and in- Number Of students a ccommo date d fluence of the school teacher. As a father hav- during the year .............. 15 ing children in the public schools, he said he RESOURCES AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FUND. From the class of 1908 .............. $442.43 F mm W. W. Parsons, treasurer of Old fund From class of 1909 ...... 187.85 From interest and dividends for two years ............................. 56.01 Total ........................... $1,015.31 spoke and enumerated a number of things he desired that teachers should impart to their pupils. The chief things were the greatness and importance of the Infinite and Eternal; and also that lives were meant for something, and that they should make the most of them. Dr. Howe, because of his earnestness, simplicity and pleasing style of address, is a very force- ful speaker, and his masterly thoughts were listened to with profit by all present. Oratory and Debating ORATOIBIUAL AND DEBATING LEAGUE The Oratorical and Debating League, one of the most helpful organizations of the school, has closed its second successful year,s work. There have been six contests held during the year, three local and three inter-state. The local contests were the Alethenai-Philomathean debate,0rat0rieal contest and the Ciceronian- Daedalian debate. The interstate contests were: The Oratorical Contest at Wabash College, under the auspices of the Intercol- legiate Peace Association, the debate between Normal University at Normal, 111., and our school held in Normal Hall, and the Oratorical Contest in which Normal College at Athens, Ohio, State Normal at Bowling Green, Ky., and Indiana State Normal participated. An account of all contests has been given except the last two and an account of these will ap- pear in this article. During the year a De- bating League has been organized consisting of Indiana State Normal, Oskosh Normal at Oskosh, WVis., and Normal University at Nor- mal, 111. An Oratorical League consisting of the four schools, Normal College at Athens7 ETTA M. WALTER Treasurer WM. H. CAIN President Ohio, State Normal at Bowling Green, Ky., State Normal at Richmond, Ky., and Indiana State Normal. It is expected that Normal College at Oxford, Ohio, will enter later. The prospect, for debating and oratory at I. S. N. in the future looks hopeful and there is no doubt but that we can win in all con- tests next year if every person who has a talent in that line will put his shoulder to the wheel and boost the league. There will be ten con- testants selected to represent our school next year so it behooves every literary person to try for a place. CENTRAL LEAGUE ORATORIOAL CONTEST. The oratorical contest held at Bowling Green Friday evening, May 27th, will be a memorable one to all of the Visiting delegations. The local school outdid itself in making our stay pleas- ant and profitable. Nothing was left undone that could contribute to comfort. The Normal at Bowling Green is only three years old, but is a very lusty infant. Its en- rollment this year will total about fifteen hun- dred diiferent students. It has a new grant of land for a new set of buildings, which are now 370 THE NORMAL ADVANCE x km N.waf RU T H KING Secretary GUY jOHNSON Vice-President nearly completed. These are situated upon the top of a hill in the midst of a fertile valley which covers about four counties. The view from the new buildings is rarely equaled in any part of our land. Great pride was taken by the home school in the contest and the faculty and students supported it almost to a man. The hall seat- ing a thousand persons was filled to the doors, and a more attentive 01' appreciative audience, one rarely sees. The outside speakers received marked consideration. Nothing could be con- tributed to further the fairness of the contest, and a general satisfaction obtained at the re- sult. To add color to the affair, the hall was ' very prettily decorated with bunting and an orchestra dispensed excellent music. Miss Emma Ingling, of our own school, was the first orator. She delivered her oration upon ttThe Economy of Peace? with telling effect. Fol- lowing her came the representative from Athens, Ohio, Miss Wilhemena Boelzner, with an oration upon tiAmerican Crises? She pos- sessed a free yet effective delivery. Her directs ness and use of climaxes made up for a lack of rounded sentences, and she was awarded first place by the judges. Kentucky was represented THE NORMAL ADVANCE Ky? by Miss Lucile Ward, who had a well written oration upon gThe Evils of Competition? Miss Wardts delivery was energetic but lacked the finish of her Northern sisters. Mai; .r EMMA ENGLING I. S. N. Representative at Inter-Statz Oratorical Contest The judges upon thought and composition were Dr. V. E. Simpson, Louisville, Ky., Hon. G. T. F inn, Franklin, Ky., and Supt. M. O. Winfrey, Middlesboro, Ky. Those upon de- livery were Dr. E. W. Kennedy, Nashville, Tenn., Dean F. W. Moore, Nashville, Tenn., and Prof. Harry Gers, Louisville, Ky. The combined marks gave the following order. Ohio, first; Indiana, second; and Kentucky, third. The contest greatly stimulated oratory and with each succeeding year we believe that the interest will increase. I N TERSTA TE DEBA TE. Friday evening, May 20, was a great evening for the Indiana State Normal, for its debating team won on that date from the strong and able representatives of the Illinois Normal Univer- sity, the .contest being held in N ormal Hall. The program opened with a splendid bass solo, ttRoll 0n, Thou Dark and Deep Blue Oceanf by Mr. G. W. Youngblood, which re- ceived great applause from the large audience. H... .8; , iTaw-ym 371 Then the debate opened, and until the last word of the rebuttal, kept the audience in the closest of attention by the strong arguments, evidences of research, and moral earnestness 0f the men on both sides. The question was, ttResolved, That a Graduated Income Tax Would be a Desirable Modification of our Pres- ent System of Taxation? The I. S. N; repre- sentatives took the affirmative, While the sons of Illinois supported the negative. Each team re- ceived an ovation as it entered the hall. The chairman, Rev. F. W. Hixson, an- nounced as the opening speaker for the afiirma-i tive, W. F. Mitchell. Mr. Mitchell promulgated the theory that justice demands an income tax, that ability to pay should be the basis of taxa- tion, showing the diHerence between earned in- come, such as wages, and unearned, such as profit from investments. He based his plea upon the authority of the most eminent Writers on taxation, and demonstrated the successful workings of the income tax in other countries. Orin Powers was the first speaker for the negative. The gist of his argument was that A. CECIL KIBBEY I. S. N. Representative at State Oratorical Contest .What was needed in this country was a de- crease of expenditures, not of a modification of the system of taxation. For stupendous im- provements such as those of waterways he con- 372 THE NORMAL ADVANCE tended that the issuance of bonds was more desirable than levying an income tax. He furthermore held it impractical, basing his argument on statistics and quotations from men of affairs. D. R. Henry next spoke for the aflirmative, and showed by figures that little personal property could be reached by assessment, and therefore contended that an income tax would be the only just solution of the problem. He pointed to the present discontent, and quoted authorities to show the income tax as a settle- ment of the disordered state of affairs. Mr. Henry was succeeded by Delbert Find- lay for the negative. He Contended that as it was unnecessary, that a graduated income tax was confiscation of wealth. He said if we are to have an income tax, it must be equally pro- portioned, and closed with a strong plea for the negative. The closing argument for the aflirmative was over. He ably defended this principle and showed that public sentiment and the Opinions of leading statesmen are tending that way. The final argument of the negatise was by Arthur Phelps. He advanced the theory, with arguments, that the tax defended by the affirm- ative could be possible only through self-assess- ment, which he declared unsafe. He showed the shortcomings and weaknesses of the Eng- lish income tax system, and a number of the state systems in America. Then followed rebuttals by each of the six contestants, all of which exhibited soundness of argument and knowledge of the subject. The negative left four fundamental questions With the aflirmative early in the debate, and in- 7 cessantly spoke of them being evaded; but in the rebuttal Mr. Cain very conclusively replied to them. The Normal Glee Club gtHitheI-l, and ttIndianaW sang two songs, Both words and VARSITY DEBATING TEAM Wm. H. CAIN given by William H. Cain, who outlined a sys- tem for determining incomes and 0f levying taxes thereon. No incomes under $3,000 shall be taxed; from 1 per cent on that amount, the rate gradually rises to 6 per cent on $100,000 or D. R. HENRY W. F. MITCHELL music to the latter seng were the work of Miss Grace Love, pianist and director of the club. The last stanza, a tribute to the debaters, car- ried the house by storm. The judges, Pres. F. J. McConnell, 0f THE NORMAL ADVANCE 373 DePauw University, Prof. J . H. Noe, Of'LGX- ington, Ky, and Prof. J. C. Duncan, of Urbana, 111., soon reported a decision of two to one in favor of the aHirmative, after which a torrent of cheering and congratulating broke the following members: Chloe Houghton, Etta Walter, Ruth King, Ada Tichenor, Blanche Eliot, Minnie Parsons, Bertha Bick- hardt, and Kate Black. The new members added were Lola Nusbaum, Emma Ingling, TEAM THAT REPRESENTED ILLINOIS STATE NORMAL UNIVERSITY. DELBERT L. FINDLEY loose. The school is proud of her debaters and Mr. Bacon, whose work was made evident in the Splendid team work and delivery of the I. S. N . speakers; but our Illinois rivals made a splendid, though losing, light. ALETHENAI. The Alethenai Literary Society was organ- ized in the fall term of 1906. It was originally planned to be merely a debating society, but the work done during the year of 1909 and 1910 has been more especially along a literary line. Nevertheless the few debates given proved beneficial in developing a winning team. During the winter and spring terms the literary work has been based on current events, each member discussing one particular. sub- ject. This work has stimulated much interest and enthusiasm. The society began its work in the fall with J . ARTHUR PHELPS j. ORIN POWERS Grace Colglazier, Belvia Cuzzort, Georgia Cole and Iris Fish. On March 11 a debate was held between the Philomathean and Alethenai societies. This was the first public debate given by the W0- men,s Debating Societies. The question de- bated was: Resolved, That immigration into the United States should be further restricted by law. Kate Black, Minnie Parsons, and Etta Walter brought credit to the Alethenai by winning this debate. Emma Ingling won second place in the Ora- torical contest of this school, and was sent to Bowling Green, Ky., where she again won second honor in the oratorical contests between the State Normal Schools of Indiana, Athens, Ohio, and Bowling Green, Ky. Chloe Hough- ton, a member of the Alethenai, was elected as representative of this school to accompany Miss Ingling t0 Bowling Green. They report a hospitable reception on the part of the 374 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ALETHENAI Etta M. Walter Minnie Parsons Ruth King Georgia Cole Ada Tichznor Belvia Cuzzort Faculty and students of the Bowling Green State Normal School. On May 14, the Alethenai were the invited guests of the Forum Literary Society. The program given was very interesting and in- structive. .Their work was highly compliment- ed by the members of the Alethenai. As a whole, the yearts work has been unusu- ally successful, and it is hoped that the next year,s work will add to the achievements of the past year. OIOERONIAN. The Ciceronian Debating Society, during the period of its existence, has stood for certain definite ideals. Its primary purpose is to train men for debating work. The membership is limited to twelve, and the society has always been conservative in the choice of its members, ' with the aim of securing the best men avail- able. The result is that the society has been fortunate during its existence in having as its members some of the strongest men who have ever been in this school, and men who have had a Vital interest in the student affairs of the school. The year just closing has been fully in har- mony with Ciceronian ideals, and it is notable Bertha Bickhart Lola Nusbaum Emma Ingling Iris Fish for the Close friendship that effort in a come mon cause has produced, and for the success which has attended it. There were eight old men to begin the yearts work last fall: Messrs. Wm. H. Cain, W. O. Winkler, J . M. Haigerty, Harry Howick, E. A. Row, Ernest Unverferth, Herschel Whitaker, and W. D. Shewman. Three new members, Messrs. Clyde Shaw, Vic- tor Schleicher; and E. L. Welborn were elected at that time. At the end of the fall term Mr. Schleicher left school, and Mr. Unverferth graduated. The following men have become members since that time: Messrs. J . J . Huf- ford, Calvin Plingst, and W. C. Grants. Dur- ing the year a number of last yearts Ciceronians have been added to the list of associate mem- bers, and the active members have been aided and encouraged from time to time by Visits and letters from many of the associate mem- bers. The society was called upon this year to de- fend its past record, and the victory on April 15 over the Daedalian society was the great event of the year. The spirit of friendly rivalry was very strong, but now that the debate is over, all are united for the best interests of the schooi. The society wishes to express its ap- preciation not only of the encouragment given THE NORMAL ADVANCE 375 ALETHENAI DEBATIN G TEAM Winners of Inter-Society Debating Z t x MINNIE PARSONS by its many friends among the student body, but also of the valuable counsel given by a number of members of the Faculty. It is necessary now to turn from the past to the future. Elaborate plans are being worked out for the annual banquet of the society Which Will occur at the Terre Haute House on the night of J une 17. A large number of associate members Will be present. The guests Will be Pres. Parsons and Prof. Baxter of the Faculty, and a host of lady friends. The average reader needs to be reminded that something comes after school closes. The Ciceronian Camp has become an annual event With thet society. In the past it has proved to be an ideal outing and, besides, a great influ- ence in strengthening the bond of fellowship between the members. KATE V. BLACK ETTA WALTER Over half of the present members Will be in school next year, and this will mean a good be- ginning for a new year,s work. The society expects to stand for more than it has ever done before along the lines of character, scholarship and interest in the school. DAEDALIAN. After a yearls enthusiastic work together, we can look back and observe With much gratifi- cation the progress the society has made. We all agree in saying that it has been a pleasant and profitable year, and a year long to be remem- bered by all the Daedalian boys. The regular meetings have been held on Saturday morn- ings in the literary room. The society began its meetings last fall With only a few old mem- bers in school, but these few soon enlisted 376 THE NORMAL ADVANCE PHILOMATHEAN Lula Hufty Anna, Cox Helen Ross Nell Trobough Amelia Peters Sylvia Singleton Nellie Wolfe Lois A. Rutledge Chloe Sine: Blanche Rinehatt . Elizabeth Underwood Bertha E. Dodson Margaret S. A. Hardie Edith M. Bader Wilma Hession Mary Funican other enthusiastic and able men into the ranks of the society, and the spring term brought other trusty members back to school, until now we number twenty-Iive. The society has kept steadily before it the object for which the organization was founded, namely, ttto encourage public speaking and to promote a broad literary culture among its members? Article VII of our constitution provides that, ttThe literary exercises shall con- sist 0f parliamentry practice, orations, debates, reviews, society papers, readings, and such other literary productions as the executive com- mittee may think proper? December 11, by constitutional amendment, it was decided that music should be given a place in our literary exercises. The ttPresident was empowered to appoint a musical director to serve for one month at a time, beginning at the first of the winter term, 1910.w Since then at most of our meetings we have had music as part of our exercises. The numbers have consisted of vocal solos, duets, quartettes, piano solos, duets, etc. This feature of our literary work has been a success. Our work has followed rather closely the consitutional provision for literary exercises. Our chaplain usually Opens the literary pro- gram with a reading, or a talk upon some cur- rent ti-pic, or a topic of moral import. These talks have been thoughtfully prepared; and thoroughly appreciated by the boys. We be- lieve they compose a strong feature of our work. About ten minutes has been given each meet- ing to parliamentary practice. The different methods of handling and disposing of motions and amendments have been emphasized. This drill has been found very helpful in preparing for a skillful handling of questions and motions which arise in public meetings. The parlia- mentarian conducts this drill. Occasionally the program committee has ar- ranged for the members to give extemporaneous talks upon topics given them after taking the floor. These have aiforded the speakers much experience, and the listeners much enjoyment. Some of the topics discussed are: tgPetticoat government? ttThe girl I left behind me,,, ttLove at first sight? etc. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 377 -. CICERONIAN Wm. D. Shewman Herschel Whitaker James M. Haigerry Clyde Shaw Ernest L. Welborn Elmer A. Row J. J. Hufford Ca Vin H. Pfingst Wm. H. Cain W. C. Gants W. 0. WinkIer Harry Howick 378 THE NORMAL ADVANCE CICERONIAN DEBATING TEAM Wm. H. Cain More emphasis has been placed upon debat- ing than upon other features of our literary work, and perhaps more than the founders of the organization had intended. Perhaps not enough attention has been given the oratorical ability of the members, for no attempt was made to engage in the oratorical contest under the auspices of the Oratorical League, in Which our society is represented. The society selected L. C. Campbell, T. G. Parker and W. F. Mitchell to strive for the honors in the inter-society debate. This team met the team from the Ciceronian Debating Society, April 15, and worthily upheld the negative of the question, ttResolved, That a graduated income tax. would be a desirable modiiication of our present system of Federal taxationft When the smoke of conflict had cleared away, it was found that the judges had decided two to one in favor of our opponents. The questions debated at the weekly meet- ings have usually been live topics. Some of Ernest L. Welborn J. J. Huffotd these are: ttResolved, That New Mexico and Arizona should be admitted as separate states;7 ttResolved, That the county superintendent should bevelected by popular vote? and Re- solved, That the House of Lords should be abolished? We believe great benefit has been derived from debating such questions. Several of the members met for a social hour in Indianapolis When the Teachers, Associa- tion was meeting there. This seems to be a convenient time and place for an annual meet- ing of active members and of members Who are not attending the Normal. These meetings could be made a source of much enjoyment, and it is hoped that all the boys will try to be present at the Claypool next meeting, to join in a renewal of hand-shaking and an exchange of opinions. The names and addresses of the boys now in school are as follows: H. C. Milholland, Westport, Ind. G. C. Summers, Greentown, Ind. THE NORMAL ADVANCE I 379 HEBER E mmmn . ERMEE Jmmlnl. uRuqu Vwrwu F95HER PPM qvgum UTru Eumxrv CHHRLBS ', Dnn E. mem C THE DHEDHLIHN erannm' SUEIETY hdumm L. Basra During the past year the society has given a 380 THE NORMAL ADVANCE W. E. T ennell, Greentown, Ind. O. G. Lidikay, Georgetown, Ind. number of social functions and is bringing the P. M. Watson, Prairie Creek, Ind. years work to a close with a banquet and dance G. R. Sharp, Smith Centre, Kan. which will probably be given at the Phoenix B. O. W ells, Alexandria, Ind. Club. Quite a number of the old members W. F. Mitchell, New London, Ind. have written that they will be present and a . M. Sei v1es, Brazil, Ind. most enjoyable time is anticipated. to Christy, Riley, Ind. E Ot H C. Martin, F redericksburg, Ind. L. C. Campbell, Winslow, Ind. T. C. Parker, Petersburg, Ind. M. Lewis, Dana, Ind. J . M. Eddy, Bloomington, Ind. W. L. Bass, Stendal, Ind. J . M. Morland, West Terre Haute, Ind. Virgil Fisher, Burns City, Ind. J . M. Kane, North Vernon, Ind. C.,'E. Limp, Velpen, Ind. J . C. Corn, Winslow, Ind. K. A. Shanner, Princeton, Ind. Clarence Clayton, Switz City, Ind. E. E. Stewart, Tower, Ind. L. R. Stewart, Newport, Ind. THE FORUM. The oldest literary society in the Normal School is closing one of the most profitable years of its history. The members have learn- ed that through such an organization not only can a literary development be attained but that there can also be ties of fellowship formed as well, which give a permanency and stability to the organization. i In the summer of 1908 an amendment was made to the constitution which made it possible for men who were members of the Forum previous to that time to become per- manent members as well as all future active members. The society is also endeavoring to develop the social phase of life Which is some- what neglected in the Normal School. This policy which has been adopted is considered by both the present and old members as an im- portant change. It not only forms a tie of friendship which reaches into all parts of the state but also binds the members more firmly to their Alma Mater. Due to the triangular arrangement of the societies the Forum has not been-given an ap- portunity to take part in a public debate, but did her part in furnishing a strong man for the varsity team Which won from Illinois. The society is assured of its most important function by the frequent assertions of practical benefit which come from its graduate members. THE GERMAN CLUB. At the second meeting of the club Professor Bogardus gave an excellent talk to the mem- bers on ttSocialism; in Germany33 In this talk Mr. Bogardus took up the subject systematical- ly, showing how socialism in its various phases gradually developed until it reached the pres- ent inhuential status in Germany. The work of the originator of socialism as it is now re- garded, namely, the Marxian socialism, was es- pecially dwelt upon. At this meeting not only German students but others interested in the subject were present and Professor Bogardus7 lecture was well received and' greatly enjoyed by all. At the following meeting an equally interest- ing as well as instructive lecture was given by Professor Mutterer, whose subject was ttDie VVanderlustW or the ttDesire to Wander? In this talk Mr. Mutterer traced this desire as one instinctive in man to wander free from care from one place to another and showed how it has remained as an important characteristic of the man of today. At the opening and close of the meeting appropriate German ttVolksliedeW were sung by the members. On Wednesday, May 17, the meeting was given over to Professor Weng, who kept the member of the ttVerein,l interested by speaking THE NORMAL ADVANCE u r c f g'v gm! gm: u :16le 1032,45 - N ,1 ,U Ne , AK A ; Melvin K. Duvxs, B. Roy julian, Hubert Roberts, Basil V. Byrne, W. Guy Johnson jesse A. Wood, Z. Merrill Smith, S. C. Martin D. R. Henry, Ray jarzd, Clarence E. Crawford, B. Floyd Stalcup, Lee Troth, Homer Skeeters, Rupert Field to them of the development of the German lan- guage, showing the changes made from the ear- liest althochdeutsch t0 the mittehochdelitsch and then to the present Hochdeutsch. He also showed the difference between the German lan- guage of North Germany and that of South Germany. Special emphasis was laid upon correct pronunciation. , , The meetings of the ttVereianor this year have been especially helpful as well as interest- ing, consisting as they did in talks by the dif- ferent professors. 382 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ATHLETICS 90m cv- Butaw ATHLETIC BOARD BASE BALL With one more victory to add to 0111' list, I. . players, and although they did not break the S. N. Will close one of the most successful base hfamily tiesf, yet they have won by far the ball seasons of her career. greater part of their games. XVith a pitching In looking over the team, we think that the stat? cmnposed of Cameron, Longnecker, Freid- ttbossesh did very good work in the selection of man and Fortner, it is indeed hard for an op- THE NORMAL ADVANCE -m ponent to nose out I. S. N . And besides their twirling ability, three of these twirlers lead the team in batting with percentages of .666, .500 and .333, which is something very rare for pitchers. We are not only strong in the pitch- ing department, but Harbaugh, Brown and Wilson in the outfield form a combination that is indeed hard to beat, and very few hy balls go for hits. ' MANAGER WOOD It is true the infield does not have so good a record in fielding percentage, but yet they are the same iniield that has helped to win the seven games out of ten. In York we have made quite a find, not only in his catching ability, but he is around the .300 mark in his batting. We were all sorry to see Capt. Skeeter leave the team, for although he was slightly off color on account of his health, yet his presence on the team was an inspiration to the entire team, and they looked to him for everything. We feel that in Fortner we have a captain who can lead us on to Victory the re- maining part of the season, as he did in the 383 Rose Poly game. It is true that we have knockers the same as always, but then some one is always ready to knock. With so many can- didates for places, some one is sure to be on the bench and he should take it like a man and work- as hard as if he were one of the tthappy family? Even if the knockers did get in their licks when Rose Poly defeated us 11-4, they were ready to close up the following Saturday CAPT. SKEETER when we took Rose into camp 1-0. Few teams at I. S. N . ever get through the season without some bumps. The following is the list of games won and lost, and the batting average of the players: April QleNormal 3, Bradley 2. April QSeNormal 12, Butler 6. April 29-eN0rmal 4, Hanover 5, 13 innings. April 30eNorma1 6, Danville 8. May 5-Norma1 5, Hanover 3. May 12eNormal 7, E. I. S. N. 6. May 13-Normal 3, Butler 0. 384: THE NORMAL ADVANCE FRIEDMAN May 182N0rmal 4, Rose 11. May 28HN0rmal 1, Rose 0, 14 innings. June 22N6rma1 2, E. I. S. N. 1. June Jr5Yormal vs. C. N. C. .666 per cent of games won. Batting Average. Player's: AB. Longnecker ..... . ...... 3 Cameron .............. 4 Freidman .............. 30 York .................. 35 H. 2 2 10 10 wwp-Aopd Pct. .666 .500 .333 .285 Wilson ................ 40 J ones ................. 34c Skeeters . .1 ............. 27 Bird 46 Meyers ................ 35 Harbaugh ............. 35 Brown ................ 32 Wright ................ 6 Shephard .............. 5 Fortner ................ 8 HA k BAUGH H CDH HOOIOIOCD-Qr-P .275 .264: .259 .232 .200 .200 .156 .500 .000 .000 THE NORMAL ADVANCE 385 HANOVER vs. NORMAL. Our boys met the'strong Hanover for a re- turn game on Thursday afternoon, May 5, and turned the trick on the down State bunch. Freidman, WhO pitched the 13 inning game against them the week before, was on the mound for the Teachers and held them to four hits. The big twirler was also instrumental in Winning the game with the stick, for it was his drives that put four of the runs across the pan, two in the first frame and two in the third. Although our boys made six errors, yet they were never in danger of defeat. BROWN Normal. . AB. R. H. PO. A. E. Bird, 3b ............ 2 0 0 0 0 1 Skeeters, ss .......... 3 0 0 3 2 2 Wilson, rf .......... 4 2 1 2 O 0 Jones, 1b ........... 4 2 1 9 ' 1 0 Freidman, p ......... 4 0 1 1 3 0 Meyers, 2b .......... 4 1 1 3 1 1 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 4 0 2 2 0 0 Brown, cf ........... 2 0 0 2 O 0 York, 0 ............. 4 0 2 5 0 1 - Wright, 3b .......... 1 O O O 0 1 Totals ............. 32 5 8 27 7 6V CAM ERON 386 THE NORMAL ADVANCE WRIGHT Hanovbn Nowlin,1b .......... 4 -1 1 10 1 1 Drew, 3b ........... 4 0 0 1 2 0 Miller, ss ........... 4 0 0 1 1 0 Short, c ............. 4 0 1 1 2 0 0 Slawson, 2b ......... 4 0 0 2 3 2 Miles, 1f ............ 4 0 0 2 0 1 Harrison, rf ......... 3 0 1 1 0 1 Hamar, cf ........... 3 1 1 2 0 O Farrell, p ........... 1 0 0 1 2 1 Dawson, p .......... 2 1 0 0 2 0 Totals ............ 33 3 4 24 9 6 Score by I mzings. Hanover .............. 10001001045 Normal .............. 12 O 2 0 O l 0 0 $45 Summary. Hits, off Friedman 4; Farrell 4; Dawson 4; struck out, by Friedman 3, Farrell 2; two-base hit, Nowlin; stolen bases, Bird, Jones, F ried- man, Dawson 2, Harrison; sacrilice hit, Skeet- ers; hit by pitched ball, Harrison. Time of gamehl :20. Attendance, 200. Umpire-Asher. MYERS THE NORMALIADVANCE 7 3'87 k: CHARLESTON vs. NORMAL. Novamal. On Thursday, May 12, our boys journeyed to AB. R. H. P.O. A. E Charleston, 111., and there took the 2Suckers2 Bird, 3b ............ 5 1 2 0 1 0 into camp by the score of 7-6. Although they Skeeters, ss .......... 2 2 1 1 3 0 outhit our boys; yet their hits did not come at Wilson, rf , ......... 5 2 1 3 O 0 1 the right time, and this With their errors, en- Jones, 1b ........... 4 1 1 11 0 2 : abled our boys to come off victors. Friedman, p ......... 4 1 2 0 2 0 i i JONES Okarleston. A.B. R. H. 11.0. A. E. York, 0 ............. 4 0 0 8 2 1 Fleming, 1f ......... 5 1 1 2 0 0 Meyers, 2b .......... 4 0 1 l 5 O C. Hill, NJ .......... 5 0 2 9 0 0 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 3 O 1 3 0 O L- Hill, 3b --------- 5 0 0 8 1 3 Brawn, Cf ........... 3 O 0 O 0 0 Watlls,2b ........... 4 0 3 1 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 Noylesfss ........... 3 1 0 1 0 0 Totals ............ 34 7 9 27 13 3 Brown, c ........... 3 1 O 2 2 0 Buckley, p .......... 4 2 2 2 0 1 Score by Innings. Snapp, rf ........... 4 0 1 0 0 1 1 . Stanbury, Cf ........ 4 1 2 2 O Q It. I. S. N .............. O 5 0 1 0 2 0 0 0-6 Totals ............ 37 ' G 1717 127 5 7 I. S. N. ............... 3 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 027 388 THE NORMAL ADVANCE BUTLER vs. NORMAL. On Friday afternoon, May 13, our boys re- peated the trick on Butler, but this time they didn1t allow the Irvingtonites a chance to look in. Fortner, on the mound for our beys was invincible, allowing only four men to get 011 bases. However after the second inning Brow- ' der seemed to have something on his ball, for there was nothing doing'i-n the scoring line, although he did become a bit Wild in the Iifth, When With two down he hit one and passed another. FORTNER Z BIRD 1 Butler. AB. R. H. P.O. A. E. Ridenbaugh, c ....... 4 O 0 4 2 1 McKay, 2b .......... 4 O 2 2 4 1 Silvers, 3b .......... 3 0 O 1 1 0 Thomas, 53 .......... 4 0 1 2 2 2 Neuronburg, 1b ..... 4 0 1 11 0 0 Loy, 1f .............. 3 0 0 O 0 O Kingsbury, cf ....... 3 0 0 4 0 0 Spergle, rf .......... 3 0 0 O 0 0 Browder, p ......... 3 v O 0 0 2 0 Totals ....... . ..... 31 O 4 24 11 4 Normal. A.B. R. H. PO. A. E. Bird, 3b ............ 4 0 0 1 1 0 Skeeters, ss .......... 3 0 0 4 1 1 Wilson, rf .......... 3 1 2 2 0 O J0nes,1b ............ 4 0 1 9 0 0 THE NORMAL ADVANCE 389 W! York,c......' ....... 4 0 1 7 0 0 Meyers, 2b .......... 1 1 1 0 0 0 Wright, 2b .......... 2 0 0 1 1 1 Fortner, p .......... 3 0 0 1 3 0 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 4 1 2 1 1 0 Brown, cf ........... 3 0 1 1 0 0 Totals ............ 31 3 8 27 7 2 - Score by Innings. Butler ................ 000000000+0 Normal ............... 12000000123 ROSE vs. NORMAL. On Wednesday afternoon, May 18, just at 4:20, Halley3s comet fell 011 Rose campus and 0111' boys came home With the tail end of the affair 11-4. Our boys were over confident and costly errors lost the game, for although they got more hits, they did not get an earned run, While our boys got three earned runs. Rose. AB. R. H. PO. A. E. Bradford, 210 ........ 5 2 o 1 1 0 Lawler, c ........... 5 0 0 1 2 O Buckner, 1f ......... 5 2 2 1 0 0 Wyeth, cf ........... 5 2 O 2 0 0 Shook, p ............ 4 3 3 3 6 0 Hoffner, rf .......... 4 1 1 3 0 0- Barrett, 3b .......... 3 1 1 5 1 1 Nicholson, 1b ........ 4 O 2 11 0 1 Fishback, ss ......... 4 0 0 O 2 1 Totals ............ 39 11 9 27 12 3 LONGNECKER 390 Normal. V ' AB. R. H.' PO. A. E. Bird, 3b ............ 4 1 1 2 3 0 Skeeters, ss .......... 4 1 1 1 1 1 Wilson, rf ........... 4 0 0 0 0 1 J ones, 1b ............ 4 0 1 9 0 0 Friedman, p ......... 4 0 1 0 5 1 Meyers, 2b .......... 4 0 0 6 4 4 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 4 1 1 O 1 1 York, 0 ............. 4 1 2 4 0 0 Brown, of ........... 3 O 1 2 0 0 Totals ............ 35 4 8 24 14 8 THE NORMAL ADVANCE YORK Score by Innings. Rose Poly ............ 5 0 1 0 Normal .............. 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 311: 030 :11 1.4 BOSE POLY 'vs. NORMAL. Saturday afternoon, May 28, being the an- niversary of our 3-0 victory over Rose Poly, our boys decided it would be a good way to celebrate by adding another victory to 0111' list, and this they did by handing Poly the short end of a 1-0 score in a 14 inning contest. Through the fourteen innings it was nip and tuck, and neither team had a shade the better of the argument. Shook and Fortner were evenly matched, the former striking out four men and allowing three hits, and the latter a1- lowing six hits and striking out nine men. Al- though the Engineers got on bases in several in- nings and reached third with only one down, yet Fortner clamped 0n the lid and kept them from scoring. It was very evident that Rose Poly lacked team work, for she had four chances to work the squeeze play and she did not try it a single time. Friedman, who substituted for Brown in the ninth, was the hero of the day, as was La Hue of last yeafs team. With two down in the fourteenth, F ortner struck at a wild one and was safe at first. Freidman came to bat and placed a line drive which bumped the fence between right and center, and Fortner came home with the winning score. A return game was spoken of but on account of examinations or other reasons at Rose Poly, the Faculty for- bid another game. Rose. AB. R. H. P.O. A. E. Bradford, 2b ........ 6 0 0 2 2 0 Lawler, c ........... 6 0 2 4 4 0 Buckner, 1f ......... 6 O 0 4 0 0 Wyeth, cf ........... 6 0 1 2 O 0 Shook, p ............ 5 0 0 2 5 0 HoHner, rf .......... 6 0 0 1 0 0 Barrett, 3b .......... 6 0 0 3 4 O Nicholson, 1b ....... 4 0 1 21 0 1 F ishback, ss ......... 5 0 2 1 7 0 Totals ............ 50 0 6 $14 22 1 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Normal. A.B. R. H. PO. A. E. Bird, 3b ............ 5 0 1 0 2 3 Wilson, rf ........... 4 0 0 1 O 0 Jones, 1b ........... 4 0 0 22 0 1 York, 0 ............. 5 O 0 10 0 O Meyers, 2b .......... 5 0 1 3 11 0 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 4 0 O 1 O 0 Shephard, ss ........ 5 0 O 1 2 1 Fortner, p .......... 5 1 O 2 5 0 Brown, of ........... 3 0 0 1 0 0 Friedman, of ........ 3 0 1 1 1 0 Totals ............ 43 1 3 42 22 5 $Two out when winning run was scored. Score by Innings. RosePoly...00000000000000-0 Normal ..... 00000000000001-1 On Thursday afternoon, June 2 I. S. N. de- feated E. I. S. N . by score of 2-1. The features of the game was the pitching by F riedman, who struck out 13 men and holding to 4 hits, and the batting of Wright, who connected safely three times out of as many times at bat. Charleston got their only run on an error in the fourth inning. 0.1V. 0.08.1.8.N. 8. Again did Friedman, the pinch hitter, save the day for Normal Saturday, J une 4, when he made a home run in the eleventh inning and won for the teachers the closing game of the season over Central Normal by the score of 7 t0 6. In repetition of his sticking in the fourteenth inning of the Rose game a week ago, he came to the bat with a man on first and sent the sphere flying over the fence out among the freight cars. He substituted for Brown in the center garden in the ninth inning just in time to do the deed that made him the hero of the day and worthy of being carried off the field for the second time on the shoulders of his schoolmates. i391 . WILSON The game was a' tie until the eleventh frame and the two teams battled evenly on the wet ground, which made fielding hard. The larger portion of the scores of both aggregations were made in the first two sessions, Normal getting one in the first and four in the second and Gen- tral Normal five in the second and one in the third. .After that everything was quiet until the ninth, when the Teachers managed to slip one over and tie the count. For a. time it looked as if the game would go more than 11 innings, but matters were changed when Fried- man made his record hit. Central Normal failed to connect sufiiciently in the first inning and went out in easy order. Bird opened for the local team and got to first on an error by Lee. Wilson struck out, 392 THE NORMAL ADVANCE VARSITY BASKET BALL T EAM jACKSON CHRISTY, Manager MONTGOMERY UNVERFERTH NUGENT R AY THE NORMAL ADVANCE 393 Ek but Jones got a bingle to left field. Long- necker was safe at first on an error by the Gen- tral shortstop and Bird scored. In the second Longne'cker began to falter and walked Deeg. Agan got a hit to right and Tuttle was safe at first on a wild throw by Bird. Lee got a safe one to left and scored Aga'n .and Deeg, advancing Tuttle to third. Kenney; the strongest batter for the Visitors, sent the ball flying over left field fence. The two men on bases scored ahead of him, making the count 5 to 1. The N ormal boys were not daunted, but de- termined to get even. Myers bingled to center. Harbaugh followed with a safe one to left, but was put out at second base. A wild pitch scored Myers and Nichols hit to center. He stole second and Brown received a walk. Bird again swatted the pill to center and scored both Nichols and Brown. Bird stole second and Wilson was hit by a pitched ball. J ones got a pretty two-sacker to right field and scored both Wilson and Bird. Fortner, who had taken the mound in the last few minutes of play in the second for Normal, struck out, leaving the score a tie. Central Normal still continued the good work in the third and was able to slip Fusson over the plate after he had obtained a safe one to center field and stolen a base. Fortner proved equal to the occasion during the remainder of the grind and held the Visitors down to three hits without any scores. Matters progressed in the same manner un- til the ninth, when Nichols opened for the teachers and beat out a grounder. Friedman fiew out, but Bird gleaned a hit and Nichols ad- vanced to third. He scored on a bingle by Jones. Wilson and Fortner were easy outs. The tenth and eleventh sessions rolled around without the visitors doing anything of note. When Nichols came to the bat in the last frame the sun began to shine for the N ormal students and lusty cheering followed his pretty swat to left. Then Mr. Friedman quietly walked to the plate, pounded the ball over the right field fence and N ichols beat it around the diamond to victory. Then the curtain went down and handshakes and congratulations were forthcoming, especially for F riedman. Score: Central N ormal. . AB. R. H. P.O. A. E. Lee, 3b ............. 5 1 1 4 0 1 Denny, 2b .......... 5 O 0 3 1 1 Kenney, cf .......... 5 1 3 2 0 wk 1 Fogarty, 1b ......... 5 O O 6 0 1 F usson, ss .......... 4 1 1 0 1 2 Powers, c ........... 5 O O 12 1 O Deeg, 1f ............ 5 1 0 2 1 O Agan, rf ............ 5 1 3 0 0 0 Tuttle, p ............ 5 1 0 1 1 0 Totals ............. 44 6 8 30 6 State Normal. AB. R. H. PO. A. E. Bird, 3b ............ 5 1 2 1 2 0 Wilson, rf .......... 4 0 0 3 0 60 Jones, 1b ........... 4 1 3 14 2; 6'1 Longnecker, p ....... 1 0 0 1 1 O F ortner, p . . . .' ...... 3 O 0 2 5 0 York, 0 ............. 5 0 1 6 0 2 Myers, 2b ........... 4 1 1 1 0 2 Harbaugh, 1f ........ 5 0 1 1 0 0 Nichols, ss .......... 5 3 2 2 6 0 Brown, cf ........... 2 1 0 3 0 0 Friedman, of ........ 2 0 1 0 0 0 Totals ............. 40 7 11 33 16 5 Score by Innings. CentralNormal ....O 5 1 0 0 O 0 O 0 0 0-6 StateNOI'mal ...... 14000000101-7 Summary. Bases on balls-O:tf Tuttle, 1; off Longnecker 1; off F ortner, 1. Struck out-By Tuttle, 8; by Longnecker, 1; by F ortner, 4. Home runs- Friedman, Kenney. Three-base hiFKenney. Two-base hit-Jones. Stolen bases-Denny, Deeg t21, Agan, t21, Tuttle, Bird, m, Jones, Longnecker, N ichols G90, Brown. Double play 4Fortner to Jones to Bird. Hit by pitched balls4Wi1son, Fortner, Fusson, Jones. Wild pitches4Tutt1e, 2. Left on bases-Central Normal, 6; State Normal, 6. Balks4Tuttle, 3. Time of game-2 :00. Umpire-Pfirman. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 394 ?PWHMEU ?JNM FZMODZ NVMMEOUFZOE QZQAAOEAHE . AAMIUFHE 24mm? Aqdwm EmMmawm MOHZme $E IODOAADUUE Mzmw WEBOM mm4wm MMMdaFHmb? THE NORMAL ADVANCE 3:me 34m Hmmgm monDH 396 THE NORMAL ADVANCE CABINET Top Row-Otto G. Lidakay, Religious Mcetin I. Ernest . Welbom, Secretary. Melvin K. Davis, Em oyment. Bottom Row-Jessz A. Wood, Treasurer. Harry C. MiIhoIIand, Corresponding Secretary. Delta R. Henry, Visiting. Wm. H. Cain, General Secretary. Wm. T. Barbre, President. aldo F. Mitchell, Vicz-Px-elident. B. Fond Stal- cup, Social. Cecil Kibbey, Missionary. Lee Troth, Membership. Leonard McCloud, Bible Study. Y. M. and Y. W. C. A. Y. M. 0. A. The year that has just closed has been one to be long remembered by the oHicials 0f the Y. M. C. A. on account of the loyal support given them in their work by the members of the faculty and the Christian menlof the student body. We can now at the close of the 'year look back and see many mistakes that might have been avoided but we are glad to state that by the co-operation of the men interested in this work we have been able to accomplish some definite results for which we have worked throughout the year. The oflicers and their offices as designated above have tried to manage their part of the work in a way that would be helpful to the entire Association and as a result of the co- operative work the Y. M. C. A. duties have been very pleasant. ; The employment committee has succeeded in placing a number of men where they could work their way through school. The religious meeting committee has succeeded in having some excellent leaders during the year, some of which were Pres. Parsons, Prof. Baxter, Prof. i Stalker, Prof. Lynch. Dr. Guillet, and Prof. Charman. The mission study committee organ- ized a mission study class in the fall and has been working to get men into the churches on Sundays. The membership committee has en- rolled over 160 different men during the year. The social committee has arranged for three receptions that have been very helpful in get- ting new students acquainted. The Bible study committee has enrolled over 60 diiferent men in Bible study besides the large number of men in Sunday school. The work of the other com- mittees has been of such a nature that definite results cannot be stated, although it has been done as thoroughly as the others. During the year three men have been sent to the Student Volunteer Convention at Rochester and two to the state convention at Kokomo. One gratifying result that seems probably more prominent than it has any time before during the year is the good feeling among all classes of men in all organizations. There is one thing we must have before we can hope to lead the other colleges in scholarship, oratory, debating, athletics or in clean Chris- tian living, and that is unity. We are glad to say that most of the Y. M. C. A. men are interested in the different activ- ities of school life and that a number of the V men especially interested in athletics or oratory are also interested in helping to raise the moral and spiritual tone of the school. Although con- ditions are gratifying yet there is a chance for greater unity and more sympathetic oo-opera- tion on the part of the different organizations. Shall we not in 1911 have all Y. M. C. A. men interested in athletics and oratory and all athletic and public speaking men interested in THE NORMAL ADVANCE 397 Y. M. C. A. Shall we not all work together next year and win in every department athlet- ics, Christian work and scholarship for I. S. N. This can be promoted greatly by the officers of each organization meeting at the beginning of each year and determining a time for the meet- ings of officials and committees so that there will be no conflicting of meetings at the same hour. This will give all men a chance to take training in athletics and will give every one a chance to attend the lectures given each week to the men of the school. May our motto for, the .future be clean morals, Christian living, high scholarship and broad mindedness. Y. W. C. A. CABINET Margaret Hardie, Blanche Rinehart, Mae Breaking, Nellie Haberstich, Emma Dwight, Lois Rutledge, Iris Fish, Chloe Houghten, Etta Walter, President, CameIia Peters, Bertha E. Dod Y. W. 0. A. Although the Young W'omenls Christian As- sociation began the yearls work under rather adverse circumstances the girls feel that they have attained some degree of success. Hereto- fore a general secretary has always been em- ployed by the Association but being unable to secure one at the beginning of the year the girls not only assumed the management of the Association House, but also of the Association work. The additional responsibility of the last year has brought the girls nearer together and in this way made the work more valuable. The son. fact that they were willing to take the respon- sibility upon themselves only shows that the girls realize the necessity for the work in the school and especially for the maintenance of the Association home. The regular weekly meetings, held in the Literary rooms 011 Tuesday afternoon of each week have been usually interesting. The greater number of these were conducted by faculty members and the girls Wish to express -their appreciation to the faculty for their kindly interest and also their regret that every 'firl in school does not avail herself of the op- 398 portunity of attending the meetings. Every girl in school is eligible to membership and all Whether members or not are cordially welcomed to all the meetings. , Aside from the devotional phase of the As- sociation work the regular assistance at regis- tration has been given as usual. The Y. M. C. A. and Y. W. C. A. have throughout the year given the regular term reception to new students. The Y. W. C. A. succeeded in sending three delegates to the Student Volunteer Convention at Rochester, N. Y., during the Christmas va- , cation. The delegates were Lois Rutledge, Blanche Elliott, and Etta Walter. Considering the fact that this great international convention THE NORMAL ADVANCE is held only once in every four years and that it is such a rare opportunity for students to be able to attend, it is hoped that those in charge of the Association work during the next four years Will be planning to have the Indiana State Normal represented by its full quota of delegates. Since these great conventions are such an important phase of Association work, the girls hope to be able to send a large dele- gation t0 the summer conference at Lake Geneva in August. Those who have ever at- tended conference at Lake Geneva feel that a girlts student life has lost one very enjoyable feature if she is deprived of spending ten days there With seven hundred other college girls from all the states of the Middle West. ST. THOMAS AQUINAS CLUB l The St. Thomas Aquinas Club has held many interesting meetings during the term. Many interesting questions were discussed and many interesting papers read and talks given. About the middle of the term, the club went ' to St. Benedictts church, Where Miss Hession explained the architecture and.paintings of the church. The members of the club enjoyed a basket- picnic at Forest Park, Saturday, June 11, Which was the great social event of the term. The members of the club that are on the picture are: The Misses Rose Gilespie, Kath- erine Gilespie, Philomena Bogemann, Clara Strausburger, Mary Reifel, Wilma Hession, Mary Flaherty, Katherine Donovan, Mildred Flaherty, Clara Westhafer, Ada Welte, Ther- esa McKenzie, Cecelia Concannon, Ednal Filion, Ella Donahue, Julia Riordon, Mayme Nicholson, Ione Firsich, Elise McConnell and Mary Westhafer; Messrs. John Friedman, J ames Haigerty, J ames Mackell, Lawrence Scheidler, Herbert Gootee, John OtConnor, Leo Hopkins and George Meyer. THE NORMAL ADVANCE 399 w SOCIETY Bertha Bxckhart, Vice-President. Ruth Kin , Rep. Non-Section embers. WOMAZWS LEAGUE. Oh Friday afternoon, June 3, the Pi Zeta, Beta and Phi Sigma Tau sections of the League gave a tea in the Association rooms to the mid-spring term students. After a program consisting of a reading by Miss O,Connell, a vocal solo by Miss Love, a reading by Miss Thorpe, and a piano solo by Miss Love, the guests were taken to the Faculty room where dainty refreshments were served. The rooms were beautifully decorated with pennants and cut flowers. The League is planning to give a breakfast to all the members of the League and to some of the Alumni women on Saturday, June 18. The League has had a better and stronger or- ganization this year than ever before and it is the plan of the executive committee to make the last entertainment a symbol of the yearts work. There will be a program consisting of talks by former presidents of the League and prominent alumni women. At the close of this year the League will turn over to the treasurer a sum of money for the Students Building Fund. Cleanegtubbs, Treasurer Hattie Stirwalt Secretary. Blanche Elliott, Pre sidem . ATHLETAS. The Athletas enjoyed a weiner and marsh- mallow toast tton the banks of the Wabash only five miles awaytt on the afternoon of May 14. They footed it up the straight and narrow tow- path until they reached a suitable destination, but were jubilantly conveyed back to town in a real-for-sure farmer7s wagon, Which made the trip complete. Those who answered at roll-call when it was time to serve the buns twe did not return to see if any had become weary and fallen by the waysidey were Misses Eliza- beth Kadel, Lora Yocum, Edna Fisher, Jessie Andrews, Abigail Smith, Estelle Doerschuk, Mae Bowsher, Nola Scott, Lois Rutledge, Ruth Alexander, Franc Mensel and Marie Rueker. The annual picnic 0f the Athleta Chapter was held at F orest Park; May 30. Those pres- ent were Misses Harriet Calbert; Elizabeth Kadel, Ruth Alexander, Ruth Freed, Franc Mensel, Marie Rucker, Lois Rutledge, Jessie Andrews, Lena Forbes, Pearl Kuhns, Estelle Doerschuk, Mae Bowsher, Lora Yocum, F lora Saupert, Edna Bratton, Edna F isher, Cleone Stubbs, Abigail Smith, and Ida Irmiger. The guests were Messrs. Huffman, Higgins, Long- necker, Mackwell, Graverson, Sparrows, Rass- mussen, Senior, J ulian, Fowler, Limp, Thomp- 313113.411?!11 35:... 1: .. .GmeuE AEam $30 554$ .mtmb? Ananm 505? Nauz .mumimmm Jamvm .atam 33m .uumawmjw umoNHlBon 8039M datum uauz .3320 uuummamz .nmEuuminm ME Enumunh $.32 .aBoUuE 3am .MEM 853m aosawamw dExrmlBon QcF ADVANCE THE NORMAL 400 THE NORMAL ADVANCE 401 Task son, and Roberts. The chaperons were Prof. Imnan, Miss Vognild, and Mr. and Mrs. Rucker of 1348 Ohio street. The out of town guest was Miss Lucile Ellis of Plainfield. Misses Cleone Stubbs, Franc Mensel, Ruth Freed, Ida Irmiger, Ruth Alexander, Lois Rut- ledge, Ada Welte, and N 01a Scott were at home to the remaining members of the Athleta Chap- ter at 1203 South Seventh street on the after- noon of May 21. A three course luncheon was served in the dining room, Which was beauti- fully decorated in the royal Athleta colors, red and gray. It was a most enjoyable affair and only served to strengthen the bonds of Athle- taism. Miss Harriet Calbert was called home May 21 to attend the funeral of Miss Bertha Calbert of Plainfield, Who was a former student in the Normal. Miss Hattie Cutshall of Brazil is visiting Miss Jessie Andrew of 1434 Chestnut street. Miss Abigail Smith of North Salem, Ind., spent May 6 t0 9 at home. During her visit she attended the High school graduation exer- cises and the Alumni banquet and dance of her Alma Mater. I Miss Harriet Calbert of Plainfield visited at home May 14 and 15. Miss Laura Jean Smith of Indianapolis spent Sunday, May 15, with her sister, Miss Abigail Marr Smith. Miss Lois Rutledge made a business trip to her home at Knightstown Monday, May 30. Miss Lucile Ellis of Plainfield visited Miss Harriet Calbert over Sunday, May 29. ALPHA. The Alpha sorority Will hold a reunion from June 19 to J une 23 in honor of Mr. Parsonst twenty-fifth anniversary as president. A ma- jority of the Alphas are expected to be here at this timef a The Alpha initiation was held May 5 at the home of Miss J 0y Muchmore in North Fourth street. The candidates for initiation were: Misses Anna Reese and Franc Palmer of Clin- ton, Miss Lela McCrum of Huntington, and Miss Blanche G. Gordon of Morristown. On Saturday evening, May 21, the Alphas gave a surprise party in honor of Miss Ethel Hughes at her home in North Seventh Street. Miss Hughes was presented with an Alpha spoon. A delicious three course luncheon was served. Miss Lucy Schmidt of Los Angeles, Cal., with Miss Hazel Kelley and Miss Patton 0f Morristown, Ind., with Miss Blanche Gor- don were out of town guests. Miss Bertha Schweitzer entertained the Alphas Saturday afternoon, J une 5 at her home in North Center street. Besides the members of the chapter the guests were Mrs. L. J. Rett- ger, Mrs. J . B. Wisely, Misses Erickson, Minnie Hill, Alice Woody, and Telulah Robinson. Miss Blanche Elliott who left school during the latter part of the winter term, has returned to school to resume her studies. Miss Sue Jacques, 0f the class of ,09, has taken a position in the Psychology department. EPSILON DELTA. At the beginning of the spring term a num- ber of old Mystic girls, mindful of past pleas- ures and expectant of future joys, met and re- organized with the name of Epsilon Delta. The charter members were: Edith Blaydes, Anna Cox, Nellie Wolfe, Rose Aldinger, J ennie King, and Nellie Settles. OHicers elected were: Leader, Anna Cox; secretary, Nellie Wolfe; treasurer, Edith Blaydes. The first social event of the chapter took place Saturday evening, May 21, when the charter members gave the lirst lesson in the mysteries of initiation to a class consisting of Sarah Watt, Sylvia Singleton, Eula McEwan, Lulu Hufty, Mary Funican, Eiiie Smith, Lottie Mottern. The members unable to attend were Nellie Settles, Margaret Crosser, Ida Sunder- man, Efiie McCoun, and Edna J ames. The evening was spent very pleasantly in the participation of a weird but delightful pro- 402 THE NORMAL ADVANCE LE CEYGJAS First Row Emma In ling, Cora Anderson, Maude Ringo, Vzronica Fruerstein. Second RowLiIV Oleson, Iris Fish, Etta Ebzrhardt, Martha Coffin. Third ow-Florznce Peck, Vergic jznkins, Etta Walter, Lula Strickler. Fourth Row-Ameiia Peters, Bertha Wilkins, Lillian Davis, Anna Ossznbz rg, junz Ossznberg. $ gram, affer Which refreshments consisting of On the morning of J une 4 the Epsilon Deltja-s cream, cake, and punch were served in the din- enjoyed an open-air breakfast at Forest ing room. Park. After passing through a number of THE NORMAL ADVANCE TR amusing experiences a breakfast was prepared in the park which was thoroughly relished by all present. The girls of the chapter are planning for another social occasion soon. Six of the Epsilon Deltas are expecting to graduate from the Normal Course in June. KAPPA. Miss Lorena Reiley was a guest at the Kappa House from May 3 to 10. Miss Reiley has been teaching Latin in Laurel High school, and was enroute to her home in Beardstown, Ill. Miss Alice Kelsey attended the Delta Tau Delta annual party at DePauw University Tuesday evening, May 10. Thursday, May 18, the chapter entertained at dinner the Misses Sarah Swihart, Carribelle Greiner, and Selma Vognild. Miss Addie V. Beeler was called to her home in Rockport, May 23, on account of the illness of her mother. Miss Beeler will probably be in school again this term. The Misses Glen Scott and Blanche Beake: attended the Big Four track meet and dance Friday, May 18, at their home in Vincennes. Miss Myrtle Kitchell spent Sunday, May 28, with her parents in Vincennes. Jean Gosson of Bedford, Ind., was a guest at the Kappa House, May 8. The Misses Clara Grafton and Margaret: Wallace were guests at the Kappa House May 25 to 30. Saturday a number of Kappa girls gave a party in their honor at F orest Park. The Omega degree of the initiation was given to the candidates Tuesday, May 31. Those tak- ing the degree were the Misses Mary Quill, Ruby Obenchain, Gertrude Grafton and Aud- v rey Bullington. LLAMARADA. With the close of this spring term Llamara- daism will conclude the most successful year that it has known in its brief but eventful six years history. In the course of the past year 403 the chapter has worked out and adopted a new and very effective constitution, has greatly strengthened its outer and inner organ- ization, and has established and maintained a chapter house. In addition a Llamarada chap- ter, composed of former members of the local chapter, has been established in Indianapolis. The two organizations are connected, however, only in spirit and character. An excellent plan for keeping up a close feeling of fellowship has been tried with great success in the past year. A directory of all the girls who have ever belonged to the section has been kept, and every change, such as in address or position, has been carefully noted down. Letters are sent every term by the local active members to these former members, tell- ing them of the happenings in the chapter. The reading of the replies, which are received, forms one of the attractive features of the little social gatherings, which are held after each bi- monthly business meeting. The girls have also begun to give little needle work parties after regular business meetings, to which groups of faculty women in twos and threes are invited. At the first of these Mrs. Lynch and daughter Mary, and Miss Bailey were the guests. Mrs. Wisely was unable to attend. Sewing, mending and music formed the entertainment, after which ices and cake were served. So far this is the only one which has been given: Others have been planned but have been postponed until every one has more leisure. These meetings are so pleasant and helpful that they promise to become per- manent. The social affairs given the first of the spring term need be merely mentioned. They Were a spread at the Llamarada House, a luncheon at the Rose, a dinner party at the Filbeck, and initiation in the first degree. Those admitted to the first degree were: Katherine McLaugh- lin, Margaret Hogan, and Gertrude McComb. The second degree is to be given before the close of the term. There are seven candidates for it. 404 THE NORMAL ADVANCE LLAMARADA THE NORMAL iA'DV'ANGE 405 M: M The big social function of the term was the Llamarada May dance, which was given May 14: at the Knights of Pythias Temple on South Eighth street. The hall was very attractively decorated for the occasion. Several hundred pennants and banners were used, and ferns, palms and shrubs were placed in every avail- able nook and corner. The rest-room above stairs was decorated in green and white, the chapter colors. The smoking-room and other ante-rooms were also made attractive. Pillows, divans and J apanese screens were used. The Locke-Thomas orchestra, consisting of a violin, piano and drums, furnished the music. The programs were especially artistic, being made in the form of booklets and containing a hand-painted daisy 0n the cover. The daisy is the floral emblem of the chapter. The dances were cleverly named for various flowers. The program ran as follows: Prim Rows. Grand March. 1. Daisy Two-Step. 2. Heartsease Waltz. 3. Johnny-Jump-Up Two-Step. 4. Nightshade Waltz. 5. Crimson Rambler Two-Step Circle. 6. Ladiesi Choice Tulips Waltz. 7. Snap-Dragon Tag TWO-Step. 8. Golden-Glow Waltz. 9. Butterfiy. 10. Ladiest Choice Phlox 0f Bleeding Hearts Waltz. 11. Cowslip Two- Step. 12. Wisteria Waltz. 13. - Spearmint. 14. Moon Flower Waltz. 15. Ladies Choice Marry Gold Two-Step. . 16. Forget- Me- Not Waltz. ' i EXTRAS. Ring-Around- t-he-Rosy Circle. Rye Waltz. Sneeze- Weed Two- Step. EVerlasting Waltz. Many little novelties were introduced. For instance in the Daisy dance, girls carrying French baskets were stationed at either end of the hall and presented the dancers with small ewwr bunches of daisies as they passed. In the Wisteria dance J apanese parasols were given as favors. President and Mrs. William Wood Parsons led the grand march. The alcove was screened with shrubbery. Here punch was served throughout the even- ing. The chaperons for the occasion were Presi- dent and Mrs. W. W. Parsons, Prof. and Mrs. J . B. Wisely, Miss Laura Minturn, Miss Wini- fred Kelso, Prof. Erie Clippinger, and Prof. J ames H. Baxter. The hestesses were Misses Orpha Cole, LenoreBurnam, Nellie Paul, Fern Colglazier, Minta Headin, Grace Burba, Grace Nantz, Haziel Woollen, Margaret Lahey, Portia Fu- qua, Catherine McLaughlin, Lora Love, Adda Allen, Gertrude McComb, Margaret Hogan, and Mrs. Charles Montgomery. They had as their guests Messrs. Charles Montgomery, Admire, Scott, J ohnson, Mahan, Miller, Brown, Wood, Guy Johnson, Mackle, Fields, Henry, and Crawford. The out of town guests were Messrs. Davis and Baumunk, of Brazil; Modesitt, of Atherton, and Castle of Robinson. There are at present twenty-six active mem- bers. More are expected to enter later. The twenty-six members are Bertha Bickhart, Lenore Burnam, Grace Burba, Orpha Cole, F ern Colglazier, F lorence Earle, Anna Forbes, Portia Fuqua, Margaret Lahey, Lora Love, Gertrude McComb, Katherine McLaughlin, Frances Snyder Montgomery, Golda N antz, Grace Nantz, Louise Pickett, Minnie Parsons, Nellie Paul, Alice Riem, Lucille Stibb'ins. Haziel . Woollen, Margaret Hogan, Minta' Headen, Maude J ones, Adda Allen and Orrelle F idlar. Miss Fidlar is acting as spring assist- ant in writing and drawing. Seven members will graduate this year. They are Orpha Cole, Lenore Burnam, Bertha Bickhart, Kathryn Leonard, Lucille Stibbins, Florence Earlle and Mrs. Montgomery. As is customary, therest 0f the chapter will entertain the graduates and present each with a Llamarada spoon. Miss 0 Very. VFW 4m THE NORMAL ADVANCE MYOSOTIS First Row-Cecilia Black, Helen Sale, Norma Failing, Ada Tichenor, Wilma Watson. Edna Harvey, Stella Albright. Eunice Asbury, who is ill, would have grad- uated, had she been able to attend school. A number of affairs have been planned to take place before the end of the term. Among these are a picnic and a slumber party. The term Will be closed With the annual Llamarada reunion. J ust what the nature of the reunion Will be has not yet been decided upon, but it Will be Whatever seems most agreeable to the majority of the members. Second RowchIlie Wallet, Lenora Rollings, Third Rov-Mabel Keller, Coradcl Wade, Ida Robertson, Mary McBeth, Minna Wining. MYOSOTIS. Miss Helen Sale entertained the Myosotis girls Friday evening, May 20, at her home on N orth Tenth street. The first part of the even- ing was spent in an amusing contest, in Which the titles of popular books Were represented by drawings, and then guessed. F Ollowing this Miss Edna Harvey was initiated into the sec- tion. The Misses Nellie Waller and Hazel THE NORMAL ADVANCE 407:7 Shortridge furnished music. Bon bons were served throughout the evening, and at the close, delicious refreshments were served. The girls present were Ada Tichenor, Annalee and Hazel Shortridge, Norma Failing, Cecilia Black, Minna Wissing, Mabel Keller, Stella Al- bright, Lenora Rollings, Coradel Wade, Edna Harvey, Nellie Waller, Ida Robertson, and Mary MeBeth. ' Miss Bertha Tichenor, of Princeton, spent May 27 to 30, with her sister, Ada. The Misses Ida Robertson and Edna Harvey spent the time at their homes, and Miss Mary McBeth visited DePauW friends at Greencastle. Many enjoyable meetings and parties have been held by the Chapter, during the past school year, and there will be more before com- mencement, and the parting. The associations have been pleasant to all and itMyosotis7 will not be'forgotten. The Myosotis girls who have been in school during the year, and their home addresses are: Ada Tichenor, Princeton; Minna Wissing, Knightstown; Mabel Keller, Lawrenceburg; Nellie Clark, Dale; Stella Albright, Evans- ville; Ida Robertson, Prairieton; Wilma VVat- son, Scipio; Edna Harvey, West Union; Le- nora Rollings, Terre Haute, R. F. D.; and An- nalee Shortridge, Nellie Waller, Bertha Dod- son, Norma Failing, Cecilia Black, Helen Sale, Mary McBeth and Coradel Wade, of Terre Haute. MU ZETA. Saturday afternoon, May 7, the Mu Zeta girls met at the home of Hazel Holden. Some of the girls sewed on their penants. After' re- freshments, served by the hostess, the girls had music and dancing. Saturday afternoon, May 21, the Mu Zeta Chapter was entertained by Vanessa Ratclilf. Many brought their sewing, but most of the time was spent in planning the Decoration Day picnic. Friday night, May 27, the M11 Zeta girls met with Anna Orebaugh at the City Y. W. C. A. and then went in a body to see the sham battle. They were chaperoned by Mrs. Rat- cliff, who was here visiting her daughter. On Decoration Day eighteen of the Mu Zeta girls entertained two young ladies and twenty young men at a picnic at F orest Park. The party was chaperoned by Miss Minturn and Mr. Clippinger. The afternoon was spent with the usual picnic games and supper. Several group pictures were taken. Those present were Messrs. Welborn, Pfingst, Barbre, Laughlin, Winkler, Milholland, Youngblood, Young- blood, Scott, Martin, Stewart, Unverferth, Pierce, Hildebrand, Howick, Christy, Haigerty and Cain, and the Misses Fredwell, Mahley, Smick, F roeb, Connor, Shirley, Maxedon, Sig- ler, Anderson7 Ratcliff, Way, Meyer, Holden, KDe Weese, Gossman, Haberstich, Hoberg, Ore- baugh and Dwight. Nellie Haberstich and Emma Dwight will give a picnic for the Chapter at Collett Park on the afternoon of Saturday, J une 4. Freda Meyer will entertain the M11 Zeta girls at the delightful country home of her aunt, the lirst pleasant Saturday before school closes. The Chapter girls are well pleased with their work this year. Many pleasant afternoons have been spent together, but the greatest joy that the Mu Zeta girls feel, as they part, is that each girl carries with her the good Will of every other girl. This has been secured more from their meeting together at the close of each hour than from their special parties. The out-of- town girls appreciate the efforts that the city girls have put forth to make the year a pleas- ant one, socially. As ten of this years mem- bers will be in school next year, we hope that the M11 Zeta Chapter will continue to be a liv- ing Chapter. OMEGA. The Omega Chapter, which had not until the last two years been active, reached its height this year and is now one of the largest and strongest chapters of the Womanis league. 408 THE NORMAL ADVANCE MU ZETA THE NORMAL ADVANCE 409 OMEGA SE CTION First Row-Edna Lloyd, Ina Pocock, Mary Richards, Hazel Fisher, Hazel Davis, Hazel Sowers. Second Row-Dessie Sumwalt, Elsie Buk- hart, Florence Hixon, Cora Nugent, Margaret Kilroy, Flora Pfaffenberger. Third Row-Mamte Schuler, Ivah McLatcn, Mildred Flaherty, Nola Williams, Birdznia Bennett, Catherine Donovan, Laura Horton, Mary Flaherty. In the beginning of the fall term there were only four of the members in school. The sec- tion was reorganized by Miss Nola Williams, who was chosen leader. The members im- mediately began to work and the iirst initiation of the year was held at the home of the Misses Mary and Mildred F laherty, 119 South Thir- teenth street. At this meeting the new members were Misses Dora Haxton, Bir- denia Bennett, Mildred Flaherty, Charlotte Grimes, Katha Green, Lulu Hayward, Grace Kearns and Myrtle Templeton. Luncheon was served by the 01d members, the Misses Hazel Davis, Mary Flaherty, Nola Williams and Elizabeth Peyton. At the beginning of the Winter term the sec- tion lost its leader, Miss Nola Williams, who accepted a position in the public schools of Vincennes. Miss Birdenia Bennett was chosen leader. At the initiation of the Winter term the following girls were initiated: Misses Elsie Burkhardt, Laura Horton, Catherine Donovan, Iva McClaren, Mayme Schuler, Blanche Myers and Ora Voyles. 01f February 22, the section was delightfully entertained with a Colonial tea by Miss Elsie Burkhardt at her home, 1457 Chase street. The home was appropriately decorated with flags and pennants. The hostess, in colonial costume, received the guests. A dainty luncheon was served. The central ornament of the table was a miniature cherry tree and tiny fiags covered the cloth. Small hatchets were given at favors. The guests were Misses Birdenia Bennett, Grace Kearns, Iva McClaren, Blanche Myers, Catherine Donovan, Mildred Flaherty, Char- lotte Grimes, Lulu Hayward, Laura Horton, Elizabeth Peyton, Mayme Schuler, Ora Voyles and Bertha Tapy. , March 5, Miss Bennett entertained the sec- tion in honor of the former leader, Miss Nola Williams. Refreshments of sandwiches, coffee, wafers and candy were served. Those present were the Misses Nola Williams, Lulu Hayward, Laura Horton, Blanche Myers, Elsie Burk- hardt, Mayme Schuler and Elsie Thompson. In the Spring term the section was strength- ened by the return of several old members, namely, Miss Mary Flaherty, who taught near West Terre Haute; Miss Hazel Davis, who taught in the Montezuma High school; Miss Edna Lloyd, who taught near Crawfordsville, Ind.; Miss Cora Nugent, who taught in Elnora, Ind.; and Miss Hazel Sowers, who taught in Tipton County, and Miss Irma Waldvogel, who taught in Indianapolis. 410 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Two social aHiairs for outside friends were held preceding the term initiation. The first was at the home of Miss Catherine Donovan, 1344 First avenue. Those present were Misses Mary F laherty, Iva McClaren, Mildred Fla- herty, Cora Nugent, Margaret Kilroy, Elsie Burkhardt, Hazel Davis, Birdenia Bennett and Mayme Schuler. The second, social meeting was at the home , of Miss Edna Lloyd, 39 South Thirteenth and One-half street. Games and contests were the diversions 0f the afternoon. Refreshments of sandwiches, coffee, cake and fruit salad were served. The guests were the Misses Ina Pocock, Mary Flaherty, Florence Hixon, Mary Rich- ards, F lora Pfaffenberger, Cora Nugent, Hazel Davis, Hazel Sowers, Mildred Flaherty, Iva McClaren, Louise Smith, Lorena Preuss, Catherine Donovan, Margaret Kilroy, Mayme Schuler, Laura 'Horton, Birdenia Bennett, Hazel Fisher, Dessie Sumwalt, Theresa Mc- Kenzie, Lulu Hayward, and Elsie Burkhardt. T The social affair terminated in a large initia- tion at the home of the Misses Mary and Mil- Inez Whitcraft Reba Arbogast Agnes HiIIigoss Elizabeth Smndiford Philomena Bogzman Claudia Miller Stella Ellison Ociz HesIer dred Flaherty, 119 South Thirteenth street. The following girls were introduced to the degrees of the Omega mystery: Flora Pfaffenberger, Mary Richards, Florence Hixon, Margaret Kil- ' At this A roy, Hazel Fisher, Dessie Sumwalt. meeting the new constitution went into effect.- A unique social affair of the term was the comet party, given by Miss Lula Hayward, 655 Third avenue. The evening was spent in games and contests, an auction sale being. the cause of much merriment. Miss Bennett and Miss Shirley entertained the guests with a number of recitiations. Miss Ina Pocock was made a member of the section. Those present were: Misses Florence Hixon, Flora Pfaffenberger, Mary Richards, Edna Lloyd, Elsie Burkhardt, Mildred Flaherty, Hazel Sewers, Hazel Davis, Mary Flaherty,.Cora Nugent, Hazel Fisher, Ina Pocock, Margaret Kilroy, Catherine Dono- van, Birdenia Bennett, and Lulu Hayward. A picnic party was given at Collette Park, Friday, May 28. The party left the school at 4 otclock and spent a delightful evening in the park. An elaborate supper was spread on the PHI SIGMA TAU . Olive Grace Kenna:- Nellie Mahley Golda Hamblen Mabel Myers Clara Applegate Mae Blocking Edna Fillion Elsie O'Connell Louise Smith Josephine Fitzgibbon Kat: V. Black Nell Broaihurlt Ethel Cart Grace Mackintosh Mary McIntosh Emeline Scudder Margaret Carnot: Georgie Col: Ethel Wallace Florence Worhcr Viola Field Zoe Bodcnhafer Mary Lowder Caroline Crouch grass. Those present were Misses Sewers, Shields, Parker, Byrn, Bass, Cameron, Parish, Davis, Flaherty, Burkhardt, Bennett, N ugent Dickson, Clogston, Donovan, and Nugent. Miss Fisher, Flaherty, Richards, Pfaii'enberger, HiX- Bailey of the faculty chaperoned the party. on, Pocock, Donovan, Schuler, Lloyd, and The Omega section With the Pi Zeta and Phi ', Smiley. Their guests were Messrs. Davis, Farr, Sigma Tau Will give a. tea Friday, J une 3, for Haigerty, McCloud, Christy, Bass, Bolden, the mid-s'pring students and the faculty. 412 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Frances Sfarr Faun McKamiz Nettie George Edna Newman Carrie Sizfzr Blanch Rover Geneva BurszI Lillie Kellum Irba Hinkson Eunice jones Nelle Flasher ' LzIah Stewart Esther Norris Blanche Johnson Louise M. Peters Lavina Seister Mayme Nicholson Cecile Aiken Madge O Hcver Ethel Hyda Mina Cravton THE NORMAL ADVANCE 413 A picnic is being planned which will be given at Forest Park as a reunion for the old mem- bers who will return to receive their diplomas. There are four members of the section which are members of the graduating class. They are Miss Bennett, who will teach in the schools of Terre Haute; Miss Horton, who will teach in East Chicago; Miss Schuler and Miss Sum- walt. Since the section will be so well represented in the summer term it is not thought that the section will disband for the summer. PI ZETA. The Pi Zeta girls were hostesses for a novel party the evening of June 4 at Forest Park. The affair was of the nature of a moonlight picnic. Two large hay wagons carried the crowd to the park. A feature of the evening was a picnic supper by the light of a huge bonfire, after which the crowd gathered about the fire and toasted marshmallows to their hearts content. The favors were tiny yellow moons tied with turquoise blue ribbon, these being the sorority colors. The chaperones were Prof. and Mrs. Cox, Miss Bailey and Professor Baxter. The hostesses were the Misses Zoe Boden- hafer, Kate Black, Nell Broadhurst, Georgia Cole, Edna Fillion, Josephine Fitzgibbons, Viola Field, Mary Louder, Mary McIntosh, Elise O,Connel, Emaline Scudder, Ethel VVal- lace, Francis Thorpe, and Mrs. Grace Evans a Hirtenstein. The guests were Messrs. Unverferth, Robert Carr, George Carr, Sheen, Smith, Laughlin, Mitchell, Stalcup, Crawford, Sink, Scudder, Julian Sheen, Crosby, Field, Cole, Campbell and Hertenstein. The out of town guests were Miss Thorpe of Linton, Mr. Frank Crosby of Chicago, and Mr. Robert Carr of Wilmington. Miss Ethel Carr entertained the Pi Zeta girls at her home in West Terre Haute Saturday af- ternoon, May 7. The important feature of the afternoon was the initiation of the new mem- bers. Those who entered the secrets of the sorority were Ethel Wallace, Edna Fillion, Emaline .Scudder, Elise O,Connel, Louise Smith, and Grace McIntosh. After the strenu- ous work of initiation a dainty luneheon was served. All of the old members were present. Miss Nell. Broadhurst entertained the Pi Zeta girls June 11 at the home of her aunt, Mrs. D. V. Miller, with a linen shower in honor of Miss Frances Thorpe, the bride-elect. Miss Thorpe was entirely innocent of the plans until luncheon was served. A basket, in the shape of a huge heart, containing the gifts occupied the center of the table. Miss Thorpe was asked to pull a ribbon and to her great surprise the bundles we're emptied from the basket. The entiresorority was present. As has been the custom every year, the Pi Zetas will have a reunion of its members. Sev- eral affairs have been planned for the old mem- bers who will come. Miss Grace McIntosh was forced to leave school because of ill health. Miss Grace Evans was married J une 9 at her home on Fruitridge avenue to Mr. Charles Hertenstein. PSI THETA. While only two Psi Theta girls returned to school for the fall term, they are now twenty- one in number. Among the former members who returned at the opening of the spring term were the Misses Louise Peters, Cecil Aiken, Lillie Kellum, Blanche Royer. At the begin- ning of the mid-spring term the Misses Char- lotte Arnold, Tressie Munchenberg, and Pene- lope Shoupe joined the girls again. On the evening of May 14: the girls at 516 N orth Sixth street, entertained the section at a slumber party. Decoration Day was celebrated by the Psi Thetas by a picnic at Forest Park. An en- joyable afternoon was spent in boating and other out-of-door sports. 414 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ROSA BONHEUR THE NORMAL ADVANCE 415 E The section had as guests Messrs. Warren7 Veitch, Campbell, Parker, Royal and Thurl Pottenger, Dome, Unverferth, Connor, Lewis, t Johnson, and Goff. A number of the girls will remain for the summer term. Miss Lelah Stewart, the leader, will graduate and will probably join the ranks as a teacher next year. ROSA BONHEUR. The Rosa Bonheur chapter of the Womants League was organized during the fall term of 1909. The chapter has manifested a great in- terest in the study of art which is their chosen object. During the year they have enjoyed a number of social evenings together. The mem- bers at present are: Mrs. Wells, Chloe Siner, Nelle Trobaugh, Belvia Cuzzort, Kate Woody, Laura Woody, Elizabeth Joslin, Elsie Joslin, N elle Berry, Margaret Moore, J osephine Rosen- mund, Ellen Rosenmund, Mary Reifel, Clara Strausburger, Elsie Hill, and Bertha Roll. Recently the chapter gave a picnic for a number of their friends at Forest Park. A delicious luncheon was served under the trees, after which all points of interest were ex- plored. A11 returned to the city in the even- ing tired but happy. The guests were Messrs. W. H. Cain, T. G. Parker, Otto Christy, P. M. Watson, Herbert Bass, E. L. Welborn, William T. Barbre, Guthrie Wisener, J. M. Haigerty, Lee Troth, Edgar Stewart, and Otto Lidikay. The chaperons were Mr. and Mrs. R. F. Davis. Members of the chapter absent were Mrs. Wells, Elsie Joslin, Belvia Cuzzort, and Nelle Berry. ZETA ZETA. The Zeta Zeta chapter was reorganized at the beginning of the fall term by Kelsey Allen, Mathilaa Tormolhoen, Hattie Stirwalt, Bessie Spradling, Mary Rogers, Anne Piepenbrink, Laura Ellis, Theresa Wehr, Georgia Brewster, Katherine Rogers, and Willie Cline. During the winter term, Lida Muenich and Edna. Michael were taken into the chapter. In the spring Hazel Montgomery, Juanita McClain, and Edith Haton, former members, returned to school, and three new members, Eva Nelson, Cordelia Caldwell, and Margaret Miller, were added to the chapter. During the year the Zeta Zetas have held regular Saturday afternoon meetings for which they have prepared literary and musical pro- grams. They began their series of meetings with a Saturday afternoon party at Miss Stir- Walt,s home. Then followed the Hallowe-en masquerade party at the home of Miss Tormol- hoen, a birthday surprise party given for AMiss Mary Rogers, a reception for Miss Erickson and Miss Elliott at Miss Katherine. Rogerst home, a Valentine party at the Y. W. C. A. house, and a Saturday afternoon party given by Miss Laura Ellis. Saturday, May 14, the Zeta Zeta chapter and guests had a picnic at Forest Park. The party was chaperoned by the Rev. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence. Despite the fact that a box of delicious sandwiches were left on the train, a gentlemanis hat tumbled down the Cliff into the creek, a young lady,s foot hold gave way on the cliii' and she had to be rescued from falling into the creek after the hat, and the car left a few minutes too early, the party spent an af- ternoon of uninterrupted pleasure. After a hearty, old-fashioned picnic dinner, an initia- tion committee, with the Rev. Mr. Lawrence as chairman, prepared an impromptu initiation for the new members. As Mr. Lawrence took the candidates through the three degrees of the initiation, the others enjoyed the fun. The girls initiated were Misses Cordelia Caldwell, Eva Nelson, and Margaret Miller. Everyone congratulated Miss Miller on her success in performing just what the committee had; pre- pared for her. After the initiation the party went boating. Those present at the picnic were Rev. and Mrs. Lawrence, Misses Katherine Rogers, Theresa Wehr, Georgia Brewster, Mar- garet Miller, Ocie Brown, Edna Michael, Eva 416 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Nelson, Cordelia Caldwell, Rena Stirwalt, Howick, J ames Bourne, Otto Christy, and Lee Hattie Stirwalt, and Willie Cline, and Messrs. Troth. James Haigerty, Bernie Beck, Ray Jared, Saturday, May 21, a number of Zeta Zeta Harry Milholland, Everett: Stirwalt, Harry girls visited St. Mary-of-the-Woodsh Z ETA Z ETA Willie Cline Eva Nelson Thersa Web:- Hattie Stirwalt Georgia Brewster Catherine Rogers Mary Rogers Margaret Miller Cordelia Caldwell Edith Haton Hazel Montgomery Laura Ellis THE NORMAL ADVANCE 417 m CLASSES COLLEGE 00 URSE. The history of the College Course during the past year has been perhaps the most interesting one of the three years it has existed. At the first meeting called by Mr. Barbre, who acted as chairman, the following officers were elected: President-Mr. Barbre. Vice-PresidenteMiss Edington. SecretaryeMiss King. TreasureresMiss Stubbs. Historian-Miss Ross. Artiste-Miss Budd. Yell Master-Mr. Kibbey. After the election of the officers the organiza- tion decided to take an active part in the athletics of the school by creating a basket ball team. Although the team did not win as many games as was desired, the members of the College Course nevertheless, greatly appreci- ated the effort put forth by their basket ball players and also consoled themselves by the fact that this was the first attempt made by the College Course to have a team of their own. It is hoped that in a short time the or- ganization will become the chief factor in main- taining the athletics of the school and will pro- duce champion teams. The College Course not only distinguished itself from an athletic point of view, but also from a social point of view. A week before Christmas a social meeting was held in the literary room, at which the following program was rendered: Quartette ...... Misses Edington and Runyon Messrs Youngblood and Lidikay Contest. Vocal Solo ................... Mr. Monninger Vocal Duet ..... Misses Edington and Runyon Charades. Vocal Solo ..................... Miss Worley After the completion of the program refresh- ments were served. The following members of the faculty were present: Messrs and Mes- dames COX and Bogardus, Prof. Hyde, and Prof. Guillet. On J anuary 13, a meeting was called for the purpose of electing officers for the winter term. The oiiicers elected were as follows: PresidenteMr. Kibbey. Vice-President-Mr. McCloud. SecretaryeMiss Dodson. TreasurereMr. Fitzpatrick. . ArtisteMiss Budd. Historian-Miss Ross. Yell MastereMr. Barbre. Athletic ManagereMr. Sage. The new president immediately took the chair, gracefully acceding t0 the demands of the meeting for a speech. . On January 281the College Course held a. joint meeting with the J unior Class, Mr. Kibbey presiding. Miss Connor played a piano solo. Mr. Bacon gave an interesting talk about California, after which the Misses Smith played a duet. The next regular meeting was held on Feb- ruary 25, in the Literary room. The program was opened with a vocal solo by Miss Freda Meyer, after which Dr. Schlicher read an or- iginal story, which was very much appreciated. The Misses Wright and Connor closed the pro- , gram with a piano duet. Thereupon a discus- sion ' was held concerning commencement, in which it was decided to leave all matters con- cerning graduation to the College Course Seniors. Mr. Barbre was appointed Senior chairman, with the power to call a meeting of 418 THE NORMAL ADVANCE JUNIOR CLASS OFFICERS IRIS FISH, Secretary Entire Year FRED DONOGAH, Editor Spring Term ERNEST SINK, Treasurer Fall Term C. H. PFINGST, Treasurer Spring Term 1,. ERNEST L. WELBORN, President Spring Term W. L. BOSS, President Fall and Winter Terms ADAM BOWLES, Athletic Captain Entire Year THE NORMAL ADVANCE hamh all the Seniors, after a motion had been made to that effect. This was the last meeting held in the winter term. On April 21 a meeting of the College Course students was called to elect oliicers for the ' spring term. The following oflicers were elected: PresidentaMr. Kibbey. Vice-President-Mr. McCarter. Secretary-Miss Rhinehart. TreasurereMr. F itzpatrick. ArtisteMiss Budd. Athletic ManagereMr. McCloud. HistorianeMiss Saupert. The College Course J uniors have joined the Normal Juniors in giving a banquet for the Seniors during commencement week. Not only the enrollment but also the number of gradu- ates reveals the fact that the College Course is becoming stronger every year, and it is hoped it Will in the near future become the dominant course in the Indiana State Normal School. F LORA SAUPERT, Historian. JUNIORS. The Juniors met Friday, May 13, 1910, at 7 :30 dclock. The attendance was large. The program was exceptionally interesting. It con- sisted of the following numbers: Vocal Solo ................ Miss Haberstitch Reading ................ Mr. W. O. Winkler Piano Solo ....... Misses Carr and Broadhurst Reading .................... Miss O,Connell Piano Solo ...................... Miss Ringo Reading ........................ Mr. Wilson The president appointed the entertainment committee. The members were Mr. Young- blood, chairman, Miss Dwight and Miss F orbes. The finance committee consists of Mr. Pfingst, chairman, Mr. Troth, Mr. Sommers, Miss Gil- lespie and Miss Bodenhafer. On account of the many attractions in the city the. Junior meeting for May 27, was held 419 J une 1, at 4:00 p. m. The entertainment com- mittee made its report and the report was ac- cepted. The kind of entertainment was de- cided and the financecommittee ask to ttget busv? t SOPHOMORES. The Sophomore class held the last meeting of the spring term, Friday, June 3. The. fol- lowing program was rendered: Piano Duet ...... Misses Bratton and Burwell Vocal Solo .................. Mr. Youngblood Reading . . . '. ................. Miss Kenner Piano Solo ...................... 'Miss J ones ' Reading ... . . . . . . . .; ......... Miss McDulfee The third and last banquet for the year is to be held in the near future. Officers and com- mittees are making extensive preparations for a good program and a great feast. The time has not been set, but it will probably be during the last week. The Sophomore class has been large. They are claiming about one-half of the students throughout the year. Having as leaders Hunter and Howick, the meetings for the year have been a great success. Hidden talents in music and oratory have been brought to light in the meetings. The work of the class artist has been the pride of the class, her work being of a very superior quality. The persistent workings of the finance and program commit- tees have made a good time possible, and added to these the co-operation of all have made the year a great one for the Sophomores. In the athletic field the Sophomores have not been slow. Three members of the varsity basket ball team and seven of the baseball team have been Sophomores. In the indoor track meet the laurels were worn away by represent- atives of the class. In all respects the year 1909-10 has been the high water mark for the Sophomore class. THE NORMAL ADVANCE w 2 Z D '-t Ln 0 0-4 D O 04 0 q: THE NORMAL ADVANCE 421 SOHOMORE CLASS OFFICERS ELIZABETH STANDIFORD, Secretary Fall and Winter Terms ETHEL HYDE, Secretary Spring Term CHAS. FOWLER, Treasurer, Spring CLYDE SHAW, Class Editor BASIL BYRN, Vice President Fall Term HARRY HOWICK, President Spring Term 422 . THE NORMAL ADVANCE SOPHOMORE CLASS 4THE NORMAL ADVANCE 423 LOCAL and ALUMNI Earle E. McFerren, 703, who has been an at- torney at Bloomington, announces the removal of his offices to 730-735 Newton-Claypool build- ing at Indianapolis, where he will continue the general practice of law. He was, while a stu- dent here, manager of the ADVANCE, and after graduation at the I. S. N. attended Indiana University, where he took his A. B. degree in history in 1906, and his LL. B. in law in 1908. He expects to attend the special anniversary. exercises this month. Miss Abigail Smith spent Sunday and Mon- day, May 29 and 30, with friends in Danville, Indiana. . Mr. George Benham, ,09, visited with I. S. N.f1'iends June 2. He was one of the routers at the ball game between Normal and E. I. S. N. S. Mr. John Arney, iOG, called on I. S. N. friends J une 3. Miss Lucy Applegate Visited with her sister June 3. MarriedeMr. Charles Hertenstein, 708, and Miss Grace Evans at the brideis home in Terre Haute, Sunday evening, May 8. Mr. George R. Kenney, ,05, is in the hard- ware business at Danville. Mr. Claude OiNeal, ,10, is attending school at Bloomington. Mr. F. M. Ray, a former I. S. N. student, graduated this spring from the medical depart- ment of the Northwestern University. He is now practicing in Salt Lake City, Utah. Mr. Bay was married June 1. Miss Mathews, 10, will teach in the training school of the Angola Normal next year. I. S. N. will be well represented in Indian- apolis the coming year. The Misses Lynch, Haberstich, Underwood, Hession, and Brother- ton Will teach in that place. Mr. J. B. Tompson, l06, has a position in the census office in Washington, D. C. Mr. Chester Pike, Senior, will teach Latin in the North Salem High school. Miss Cole, iOG, 0f VVaveland visited her Nor- mal friends J une 2. Mr. Charles Siliiers, 708, has been principal of the Paoli High school for the past two years. Mr. Silvers will beat I. S. N. during commencement week. Mr. Ernest Unverferth, HO, visited with his friend, Mr. Lawrence Hurst, at Martinsville, 111., May 20. Miss Lois Maxedon Visited With her parents at Vincennes J une 3. While there she attended the high school banquet. Mr. Ernest Tillman, 06, is spring assistant in Geography. Miss Mahn, 0f the Northwestern University, stopped to see her Llamarada friends on the way to her home in Vincennes. Miss Mahn graduated from the Musical Department of the school this year. Mr. WV. H. Gain, 10, Will be at Universitx of Michigan next year. Mr. W. E. Edington, i09, is assisting in Mathematics. Miss Elizabeth Standiford entertained Misses Radcliff and Abergast; Messrs. Row, Swango and Bell, Sunday, May 22. A fine dinner was served by the hostess. Mr. B. 0. Wells was called to his fathers home at Fargo, Ind.7 on account of the death of his mother. Miss Mense goes to Anderson next year. She will teach in the fourth grade. Teacher's Bo-uperative mt 3:21:23; eggs: Employment Bureau all the states. No membership fee un- less located. Write HOMER L. COOK, 616 State Life Building, Indianapolis, Ind. 424 THE NORMAL ADVANCE 6BOOKS We Carry a Large As$ortment of 3.7m Watermarismentain Pen The Pen with $$1 the Clip-Cap We repair all makes of pens at reasonable prices. Bring in your pen; we will clean it free of charge. The One Book Store forthe Normal Student We are prepared to serve the entire needs ofthe Normal Student New and Secund-Hand Text Books, School Supplies Fountain Pens, Special School Stationery, School and Class : Pins, Pennants, Posters -- Save time and money Prompt Attention given to Special Orders for Pins and Pennants by finding tlze Ri ht Place First A Welcome to All: We Are Here to Serve You THE ORBIEL SUPPLY 00. I I8 N. Sixth St. West Side. Half Square Only Y0u can see Our Store from Normal School Entrancw Teachefs and School Supplies for All Grades of School Work. Write Us Your Needs. Mail Orders Given Prompt Attention. Teachers and SIudenls:-- When in llze city make llzis store your headquarters. w. T. OREM, Wgr. THE'NORMAL ADVANCE 425 mun SCHOOL 4 '7 q n deouunzVNonK ' f AszcuL'rv ' HAL-r Tongs ZINC ETcans 6 Emonvzs N OW is the time to begin work on the illustra- tions for Annuals and Publications for the 1910-11 school year. On account of the custom of waiting until Fall or Winter before compiling the necessary data, too many Business Managers and Editors have to use old or inferior photographs and drawings that are unfit for reproduction. Our experience enables us to give advice that Will result in illustrations of the highest quality. Consult us freely. ww uvw ?..?wn . e V , . e v WIM ' by e' 2 f' e wr-N'r ' ww .f -: v wee v.7 . 3' 5 n 426 THE NORMAL ADVANCE ALL KINDS OF C U T F L o W E R 5 AMERICAN STATE BANK ' J NO. G. HEINL 8.. SON Organized and controlled by W. H Taber Opp. High School 129 South 7th St. , 3 01d L S- N' Student . .e- I. Attention Normal Boys ! 2 57,9 American State. Bank The eeFERNj, BARBER SHOP is the handiest and - situated at best barber shop in the city for Normal Boys. e . . First shop south of the Normal. N0. 27 North Sixth Street 411 Wabash Avenue S't'fF,M e,bth1t' dhd Sizegall l:511;eztxctgonaiga:lgilxrlltgeregt slfoggnrtllggrlllonggl boys. Terre Haute' Ind. HARRY WILSON- ; places at your disposal its facilities. and invites you to make your de- posits With this bank. Every stu-l 4 :THEr dent is assured of courteous treat- ment and prompt attention. Moore-Langen-Printing C0. can and seeus Printers. Binders Blank B001: Manufacturers PUBLISHERS No. 21 North Sixth Street TERRE HAUTE, IND. v ' a w W. H. TABER President Both Phones 64 Normal Headquarters , Books, T ypcwritcrs and Supplies WEVE GOTeEM. Anything you want and at the right price too. New and Second-hand Books. New and Second-hand Typewriters We Rent, Repair and Sell All Makes of Typewriters THE ORBIEL SUPPLY COMPANY No. 118 North Sixth St. M. D. OREM, Manager TERRE HAUTE, IND. m Hantstzdaa:;:$;emgm. ELLIse PHARMACY ED. E. LAWRENCE, President 308-3l0 Cherry St. Both Phones l84 Fourth and Chestnut Sts. w. L. BASS, Agent . V13 THE Stationer Filbeck Barber Shop $33 Bath Rooms y, Electric Massage, Hand Massage, Electric Hair TObaCCOS, Perfumes, Dryer. First Class work and Courteous Treatment Corner Fifth and Cherry Streets o o LOUIS TUEMLER, - - Proprietor Tellet Articles THE NORMAL ADVANCE 427 ngOrmal Book Store, On the east side of street and RIGHT ON THE CORNER and not elsewhere. ' Each and every price we make is guaranteed to be correct and right. BOOKS-We have everything you need. We have all other school supplies required by you. Guaranteed fountain pens, bibles, school pennants and school pins, box stationery and miscellaneous boOks. Come ! ! N ormal Book Store Corner Sixth and Cherry Streets -,.. r Wm v-mvru- 428 THE NORMAL ADVANCE Our School will prepare you for one of the greatest of all professions. If you are a weaklirlg, you can be made powerful through our scientific body-building methods. If you are strong, we can develop you into a veritable giant in strength. TRAINING THE BODY Our Normal School of Physical Training gives you a course that is more complete than can be secured in any other institution. Our curricu- lum is broad and comprehensive. Our students secure a marvelous improvement in strength and physical development in a few months. 7-0Ne BECOME A DOCTOR OF PHYSCULTOPATHY Our Institution will prepare you for work in the profession of drugless healing. We can teach you how to treat all diseases without , n V . drugs. In our course we include the best of NW: Own OurnQuarter Million Dellargnilding all the various methods that are advocated in which drugs are not used. FOUNDED BY BERNARR MACFADDEN Our School was founded by Bernarr Macfadden, who is known throughout the English-speaking world. His fame as an expert in the Physical Culture world among the general public greatly overshadows that of any other man. His theories are followed in our school, and that accounts for the wonderfully speedy results we are able to give our students. Our School is located in the same building with the Bernarr Mac- fadden Healthatorium. PHENOMENAL GAINS IN WEIGHT It is not at all unusual for students who are too light in weight to gain from twenty to thirty pounds in good solid, muscular tissue while taking our course. One student gained sixty pofmds, and is now a giant in strength. BE A PHYSICAL DIRECTOR BERNARR MACFADDEN Editor Physical Culture Magazine and Founder of our School ' DEVELOP YOUR STRENGTH AND VITALITY If you want a life work that Will promise unusual rewards, take up the Physical Culture pro- fession. We have a park almost at our doors a mile square, for baseball, tennis, and all sorts of outdoor sports. Lake Michigan, our summer swimming tank, is but ten minutes ride from our Institution. Write for our literature, Booklet I, and state whether interested or not in our special summer course. PHYSICAL CULTURE TRAINING SCHOOL 42nd Street and Grand Boulevard. Chicago, Illinois